rubén laina, eduardo tolosana, sara j. herrero...2016/03/02 · introduction •fast growing rate,...
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Economic and Life Cycle Assessment of integrated wood and chips harvesting from hybrid poplar plantations in the Genil Valley (Spain).
Comparison with chips harvesting from Poplar SRCs
FORMEC 2016 – From Theory to Practice: Challenges for Forest Engineering
September 4 – 7, 2016, Warsaw, Poland
Rubén Laina, Eduardo Tolosana, Sara J. Herrero
FOREST ENGINEER SCHOOL, UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID, SPAIN
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INTRODUCTION
• Fast growing rate, resistance to frost, re-sprouting capacity (buscar datos europeos)
• Roundwood combined with chips production is currently a sustainable activity. 90 thousands ha poplar plantations
• Could poplar SRC be a profitable alternative in abandoned farm-land?
• SRC is still a “promise” (all SRC for bioenergy are a promise in Spain), subsidies cutback, investment barriers, electricity consumptions decreasing, ¿heat production?
Environmental and economic analysis of wood and chips from poplar plantation
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INTRODUCTION Integrated plantations Vs Short Rotation Coppice
• Stake holders
Environmental impact
• Everybody
• Policy makers
• Scientist
Economic analysis
• Landowner
• Logging companies
• Scientist
Environmental and economic analysis of wood and chips from poplar plantation
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• Goals
To identify phases to improve according results of LCA and economic analysis
To compare chips production from integrated and SRC alternative
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INTRODUCTION
Environmental and economic analysis of wood and chips from poplar plantation
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Methodology
Life cycle assesment
Simapro Recipe
Funcional unit:
hectare
Economic analysis
NPV and IRR
“Funcional unit: €/ha”
5 Environmental and economic analysis of wood and chips from poplar plantation
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LOCATION
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Methodology
Data from a time study, local landowners and logging companies.
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Methodology System boundaries
Integrated system
• Wood & Chips
• 10 year
• Yield (tops and branches 3,6 o.d.t /ha year)
• From plantation to mill
Poplar SRC
• Chips
• 3+3+3+3 years
• 17,9 o.d.t /year ha
• From plantation to mill
Environmental and economic analysis of wood and chips from poplar plantation
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Harvesting description
Integrated
• Chainsaw+light backhoe excavator with processing head
SRC
• Claas Jaguar chip forager
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METHODOLOGY SYSTEM BOUNDARIES
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Integrated
• Telescopic boom loader for piling
• Chipper attached to tractor Pezzolato PTH 480/660
• Loading and transport 25 km semi-trailer truck
SRC
• Unloading over a tráiler + farm tractor
• Loading and transport 25 km semi-trailer truck
Methodology system boundaries: Harvesting description
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Results and discussion
Normalized analysis of the environmental performance of poplar plantation for wood and chips
10 Environmental and economic analysis of wood and chips from poplar plantation
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5 5 1 3 1 0
61
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MARINE ECOTOXICITY
Simapro 3.0 Model: USES-LCA 2.0 (Huijbregts et al., 2005) 11
Results and discussion
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3,09
1,47
0,00
0,79 0,91
Disposal, nickelsmelter slag, 0%
water, to residualmaterial landfill/CH U
Disposal, sulfidictailings, off-site/GLO
U
Phosphoric acid,fertiliser grade, 70%in H2O, at plant/MA
U
Disposal, spoil fromlignite mining, in
surface landfill/GLO U
Disposal, spoil fromcoal mining, in
surface landfill/GLO U
HARVESTING MARINE ECOTOXICITY KG 1,4-DB- EQ
Piling and chipping 47% of contribution 12
Results and discussion
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Environmental impact
Logs 83%
Chips 17%
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Results and discussion
Mass criteria allocation
Environmental and economic analysis of wood and chips from poplar plantation
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Environmental comparision Integrated Vs SRC
Ratio SRC/Integrated Climate change 2,2
Terrestrial acidification 5,0
Freshwater eutrophication 3,0
Marine eutrophication 20,3
Human toxicity 2,0
Photochemical oxidant formation 1,4
Particulate matter formation 2,6
Terrestrial ecotoxicity 4,0
Freshwater ecotoxicity 2,7
Marine ecotoxicity 1,2
Water depletion 4,0
Metal depletion 0,8
Fossil depletion 2,9
Functional unit: dried tonnes
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Results and discussion
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Economic analysis
-9 521
-2 313 -2 028
-3 737
-1 147 -889 -1 781
-3 714
-463
24 173
3 285
AGREGATED AND "FUTURE" VALUES (€)
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Results and discussion
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Economic comparison
Integrated SRC
Operational cost -23,569 -29,860
Roundwood selling 24.173,50 0
Chips selling 3.285 18.098,60
Annualized NPV (€·ha-1·year-1) 271 -719
IRR (%) 7,30% Negative
Harvesting&Transport
Integrated SRC
3.714 8.399
Units: €
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Results and discussion
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CONCLUSIONS
• It is important to remark than “fertilization” showed strong influence in environmental issues but does not in economic balance.
• Irrigation phase has strong contribution to environmental and economic performance and it is a difference with northern European countries.
• Harvesting phase is the most important one for environmental impact and the third one in economic analysis. Hence, the process optimization efforts should be addressed to the harvesting operations, which mechanization degree is low.
• Integrated roundwood and woodchips harvesting show less environmental impacts and better economic results that poplar energy crops.
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Environmental and economic analysis of wood and chips from poplar plantation
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