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Rule 2: Definitions

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Page 1: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Rule 2:Definitions

Page 2: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Rule 2: DefinitionsThe intent of this training session is to help you understand and familiarize you with the necessary definitions that are used in the rulebook. These definitions will provide the foundation necessary for understanding the rules we will cover throughout the First Year Officials Class.

Every definition is not covered in detail so it’s important you also read & study Rule 2 outside of training sessions to get the best understanding possible of all the definitions.

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Page 3: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

“ Rule 2 is the most important rule in the book.

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Page 4: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Team A and Team B (2-43)

During all our discussions...

TEAM A is the team that puts the ball in play.

TEAM B is the opponent.

OFFENSE is the team in possession.

DEFENSE is the team NOT in possession.

Team A and Team B designations DO NOT CHANGE during the down even though offensive and defensive designations CAN.

TEAM A & TEAM B retain these designations until the ball is next ready for play.

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Page 5: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Team A and Team B (2-43)

Think of it this way... Team A is Aggies and Team B is Bears.

The Aggies are on offense and the Bears are on defense.

The Aggies throw a pass that the Bears intercept.

After the interception, the Aggies are still the Aggies and the Bears are still the Bears, but the Bears are now on

offense and the Aggies now on defense.

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Page 6: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Team A and Team B (2-43)

Think of it this way... Team A is Aggies and Team B is Bears.

The Aggies are on offense and the Bears are on defense.

The Aggies throw a pass that the Bears intercept.

After the interception, the Aggies are still the Aggies and the Bears are still the Bears, but the Bears are now on

offense and the Aggies now on defense.

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Page 7: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Team A and Team B vs Team K and Team R (2-43)

On a scrimmage play, Team A snaps the ball and Team B is on defense. On kicking plays, Team K is the kicking team and Team R is the receiving team. When the ball becomes dead, Team A and Team B remain the same.

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Page 8: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

The Field (2-26)

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Page 9: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Player Designations (2-32)

A Player is someone participants in the game who is not a substitute or a replaced player.

“Players” on the sideline are “Nonplayers”.

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TYPES OF PLAYERS:Back

Offensive Blocker

Disqualified

Holder

Kicker

Defenseless

Passer

Snapper

Runner

Page 10: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

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Live, Dead, Loose BallStatus of Ball (2-1)

LIVE BALL = ball in play.A pass, kick or fumble that has not yet touched the ground is a live ball in flight.

DEAD BALL = ball not in play

LOOSE BALL = live ball not in player possession during:A running playA scrimmage or free kick before possession is gained/regained or ball is dead by rule Interval after a legal forward pass is touched and before it becomes complete, incomplete or intercepted

Page 11: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Ready-For-Play (2-35)

Ready-for-play signifies that the ball may be put in play by a snap or a free kick with 25 seconds or 40 seconds on the play clock.

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Page 12: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Ready-For-Play (2-35)

A Dead Ball is ready-for-play when:With the 40-second play clock running, an official places the ball between the hash marks and steps away to his position.

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Page 13: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Ready-For-Play (2-35)

A Dead Ball is ready-for-play when:With the play clock set at 25 seconds, or at 40 seconds after an injury to or loss of helmet by a defensive team player, the referee sounds his whistle and either signals to start the game clock [S2] or signals that the ball is ready for play [S1] – {Do not signal both!}

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Page 14: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Neutral Zone (2-28)

space between the two scrimmage linesextends to the sidelineswidth is the length of the ball

Established when ball is marked ready-for-play

Exists until:change of team possession, or until a scrimmage kick crosses the neutral zone oruntil ball declared dead.

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Page 15: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Offensive Formations (2-32)

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Page 16: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Lineman (2-32)

For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage”Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a line drawn through the waistline of the snapper.

All linemen must face opponent’s goal line. Shoulders must be approximately parallel to the Line of scrimmage.

Must have at least 5 Team A players numbered 50-79 at the snap.

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Page 17: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Lineman (2-32)

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Page 18: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Backs (2-32)

A back is a Team A player who is not a lineman, and whose head or body doesn’t break the plane of a line drawn through the waistline of the snapper

The player in position to receive a hand to hand snap

There cannot be more than 4 backs in the backfield at the snap

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Page 19: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

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Who is eligible?

Page 20: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

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Fouls and Penalties(2-16)

A foul is a rule infraction for which a penalty is prescribed.

A penalty is a result imposed by rule against a team or team member that has committed a foul.

Think of it this way:

FOUL is to PENALTY asCRIME is to PUNISHMENT.

Page 21: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

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Fouls and Penalties(2-16)

No foul causes loss of the ball.

No foul causes a live ball to become dead.

Page 22: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

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Fouls and PenaltiesTypes of fouls (2-16)

Dead Ball

Flagrant

Multiple

Post-scrimmage Kick (PSK)

Simultaneous with the snap

Double

Live Ball

Nonplayer or Unsportsmanlike

Page 23: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Possession (2-34)

A ball in player possession is a live ball held or controlled by a player after it has been handed or snapped to him, or after he has caught or recovered it.

A ball in team possession is a live ball which is in player possession or one which is loose following loss of such player possession. A live ball is always in the possession of a team.

A change of possession occurs when the opponent gains player possession during the down.

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Page 24: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Catch, Interception, Recovery (2-4,23,36)

Catch = act of establishing player possession of a live ball in flight.

Interception = catching an opponent’s pass or fumble.

Recovery = securing player possession of a live ball after it strikes the ground.

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Page 25: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Catch, Interception, Recovery (2-4)

To CATCH, INTERCEPT OR RECOVER a ball, a player who jumps in the air must come down in bounds.

If one-foot lands inbounds and the receiver has possession and firm control of the ball with the hand(s) or arm(s), it is a catch, interception or recovery. (Heel/Toe – Toe/Heel)

If caught by a kneeling or prone player inbounds, it is a catch, interception or recovery.

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Page 26: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Catch, Interception, Recovery (2-4,23,36)

Maintains control of the ball long enough to enable him to perform an act common to the game, i.e., long enough to throw a backward pass or hand the ball, advance it, avoid or ward off an opponent, etc.

When in question, the catch, interception or recovery is not completed. (see section 11, Philosophies in AIA Mechanics Manual)

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Page 27: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

“ The ground can’t cause a fumble but it can cause an incompletion!

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Page 28: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

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Catch - No CatchPhilosophies, AIA Mechanics Manual, Section 11

To be ruled a catch the receiver must be able to demonstrate and maintain firm control of the football. When there is doubt as to whether the player established firm control, he has not.

Catch – If the ball touches the ground in the receiver’s hands, any loss of control of the ball makes the pass incomplete; if there is no loss of control after contact with the ground, it is a catch.

Page 29: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

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Catch - No CatchPhilosophies, AIA Mechanics Manual, Section 11

If a receiver who is airborne controls the ball and is either contacted or falls to the ground on his own, whether in-bounds or out-of-bounds, he must maintain control of the ball through his fall to be awarded a catch. If the ball never touches the ground, the receiver can regain control as long as he remains inbounds.

Be definite on catch before giving catch-fumble ruling. If there is any question, rule incomplete.

Page 30: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Blocking (2-3)

Blocking is obstructing an opponent by contacting him with any part of the blocker’s body.

Two techniques:Closed or Cupped HandOpen Hand

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Page 31: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Blocking (2-3)

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Closed or Cupped Hand Open Hand

Page 32: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Blocking (2-3)

When can an offensive player use his hands or arms?

When can a defensive player use his hands or arms?

*Philophsophy*Feet, Beat, Jerk

What is a Block Below the Waist?

What is a Chop Block?

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Page 33: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Free Blocking Zone (2-17)

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Page 34: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Free Blocking Zone (2-17)

Permitted in the Free Blocking Zone: (with conditions)

Blocking below the waistShotgun formation?

Blocking in the back

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Page 35: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Blocking (2-3) – Block Below The Waist

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Page 36: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Blocking (2-3) - Block in the Back

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Page 37: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Blocking (2-3) – Chop Block

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High + Low

Low + Highß Illegal

ß Illegal

Page 38: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

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Blindside Block(2-3-10)

A blindside block is a block against an opponent other than the runner, who does not see the blocker approaching.

Page 39: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Goal Line

Think of the Goal Line. not as a line but a plane.

Once a runner has broken the plane with the ball in possession, it is a TD.

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Page 40: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

“ The goal line is “SACRED”, and as such, will always be covered properly.

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Page 41: Rule 2: Definitions...Offensive Formations (2-32) 15 Lineman (2-32) For a Team A player to be “on the line of scrimmage” Must be snapper or Their head must break the plane of a

Next Steps:AIA and AzFOA Registration

Fingerprint card

Order your uniform

Sign up for Sub-Varsity and Youth Football (azfoa.org)

Read Rule 641


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