1. The rural share of deprivation in NorfolkFinal reportApril 2010

2. AcknowledgementsAcknowledgementsFor their valuable help with the project, ACRE would like to thank the membersof the steering group;Jon Clemo (Norfolk RCC)Richard Quallington (Community First)Roger Roberts (Action with Communities in Cumbria)Jean Roberts-Jones (Surrey Community Action)Linda Watson (Oxford RCC)Stephen Wright (South West ACRE Network)ACRE would also like to thank DEFRA for their support and provision ofOrdnance Survey data and licensing, OS license number 100022861. Oxford Consultants for Social Inclusion (OCSI) 15-17 Middle St, Brighton, BN1 1AL Tel: +44 1273 201 345 Email: info@ocsi.co.uk Web: www.ocsi.co.uk The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 2

3. IntroductionWhy have we produced this rural share profile for Norfolk? In addition, the majority of deprived people do not live in highly deprivedIncreasingly, we need good data to target resources to the right areas, support areas, and programmes targeted at these areas will not reachfunding applications, and help local communities with the evidence-base to substantial numbers of deprived peopledevelop community and parish plans. For example, across England only 23% of the 4,340,000 working-age peopleThe rural share data presented in this report shows, for a series of key receiving DWP benefits live in the most deprived 10% of areas. In other words,groups, the proportion of the group that lives in rural Norfolk. the large majority of deprived people on this measure 77% of working-age people receiving benefits live outside the most deprived areas.ACRE commissioned Oxford Consultants for Social Inclusion (OCSI) to identifythe rural share of deprivation for each of the Local Authorities and This is even more so the case in rural areas. Of the 520,000 working-ageparliamentary constituencies in England. people living in rural England (12% of all such claimants across England) who are receiving DWP benefits, 79% live outside the most deprived 10% of ruralRural areas are substantially more deprived based on the location of areas.deprived people than based on the location of deprived areas What does this report contain?Analysis of the Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 identifies only 50 of the This profile report provides detailed datasets developed and collected by OCSI3,248 most-deprived 10% of areas across England as being rural, and only for Norfolk, identifying the rural share of deprivation based on a number of key143 of the 6,496 most deprived 20% of areas in other words only 2.2% of the indicators. The rural share analysis in this report shows, for a series of keymost deprived 20% of areas in England are rural. However, the proportion of groups, the proportion of the group that lives in rural Norfolk.deprived people living in rural areas is substantially larger than this. Forexample, 17% of the 5,310,000 households living on less than 60% of median The sections in this report cover the rural share under the following themes.income across England are in rural areas (for context, 19% of Englandspopulation live in rural areas). Population: Deprivation and low income:So the rural share of deprivation in terms of people, is substantially larger Worklessness and Employmentthan might be expected from analysis of the most deprived small areas. In Qualificationsother words, rural areas are more deprived based on calculations using the Healthlocation of deprived people, than when based on calculations using the Access to serviceslocation of deprived areas. Housing Methodology and Indicator definitions (Appendix A). Definitions of rural (Appendix B). The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 3

4. Summary - The rural share in NorfolkRural Norfolk is more deprived based on the location of deprived Employmentpeople, than on the location of deprived areas 29,405 people in rural areas are employed in senior occupations, 59.4%The Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 provides a detailed measure of of all such occupations across Norfolk.deprivation at area level. There are no rural areas ranked among the most By comparison, 25,860 people are employed in elementary occupations,deprived 20% of areas across England on the Index of Multiple deprivation 50.7% of all such occupations across Norfolk.2007Although no single indicator encapsulates the different dimensions of Skillsdeprivation and exclusion for people in rural areas, the Working Age ClientGroup benefits dataset from DWP provides a general measure for those of 99,705 adults in rural areas have no qualifications, 53.5% of the totalworking age, covering low income, employment and health issues. number of adults with no qualifications across Norfolk.30,185 people of working-age in rural areas are receiving some form of DWP By comparison, 45,985 adults in rural areas have degree levelbenefit this is 42.3% of the total claimants across Norfolk. qualifications, 54.4% of the total number of adults with degree level qualifications across Norfolk.Population 452,270 people live in rural areas, 53.2% of the total across Norfolk. Health 38,155 people in rural areas report themselves as having a limiting long-Deprivation and low income term illness. This represents 50.8% of all people with a limiting long-term 47,360 people in rural areas are income deprived this is 42.7% of the illness across Norfolk. total across Norfolk. Access to servicesWorklessness 26,065 rural households have no car or van, 36.6% of the total across The number of people receiving out-of-work benefits (JSA and IB) in Norfolk. rural areas is 19,125, 41.7% of the total across Norfolk. Of these, 6,205 receive Jobseekers Allowance and 12,920 receive Incapacity Benefit. Housing 11,290 rural households lack central heating, 47.0% of all such households across Norfolk. The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 4

5. Map of NorfolkMap of Norfolk The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 5

6. Population: The rural share in NorfolkThe table and chart show the proportion of the population in Norfolk living inrural areas for key age, gender and household composition groups. This Proportion of people living in rural Norfolk by age, gender and household compositionshows: % 70.0 452,270 people live in rural areas, 53.2% of the total across Norfolk. 60.0 Of the total population, 74,855 children live in rural areas (52.3%). By 50.0 comparison, 124,775 people of pensionable age (59.8%) live in rural 40.0 areas 30.0 Groups particularly vulnerable to exclusion include the 6,820 lone parent 20.0 households, and 28,795 pensioners living alone. 10.0 0.0The proportion of people in age gender and household composition groups that live inrural areas in Norfolk (rural share) Norfolk - Rural East of England - Rural England - Rural N % share N % share N % shareAll People 452,270 53.2 1,756,635 30.7 9,803,535 19.1Males 222,160 53.2 869,420 30.8 4,838,180 19.1Females 230,110 53.1 887,215 30.5 4,965,355 19.0Aged 0-15 74,855 52.3 319,405 29.4 1,756,415 18.2 The horizontal line shows the proportion of all people in Norfolk who live in rural areasWorking age 252,640 50.6 1,028,955 29.5 5,739,815 18.0Pensionable 124,775 59.8 408,270 35.3 2,307,305 23.5ageLone-pensioner 28,795 53.0 94,070 29.8 541,835 18.4householdsLone parent 6,820 40.9 25,560 21.6 155,265 11.8households Source: ONS Mid Year Estimates 2008, Census 2001. Share refers to the proportion of the total population (on an indicator) that live in rural areas. The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 6

7. Population: How does rural Norfolk compare with other rural areas?The table and chart below compare key population indicators across Norfolk 16.6% of the population in rural areas in Norfolk are aged under 16, aand national and regional comparison areas. lower proportion than across rural areas in England as a whole (17.9%). By comparison, 27.6% of the population in rural areas in Norfolk are ofThe proportion of people in rural Norfolk by age, gender and household composition pensionable age, a higher proportion than across rural areas in England Norfolk - Rural East of England - Rural England - Rural as a whole (23.5%). N % N % N % Rural Norfolk has a higher proportion of lone parent households (14.7%All People 452,270 1,756,635 9,803,535 of households with dependent children) than across rural England as aMales 222,160 49.1 869,420 49.5 4,838,180 49.4 whole (14.3%.)Females 230,110 50.9 887,215 50.5 4,965,355 50.7Aged 0-15 74,855 16.6 319,405 18.2 1,756,415 17.9 Proportion of lone parents and lone pensioners in rural areas in Norfolk andWorking age 252,640 55.9 1,028,955 58.6 5,739,815 58.6 comparatorsPensionable 124,775 27.6 408,270 23.2 2,307,305 23.5 60% Lone-pensionerage householdLone-pensioner 28,795 51.8 94,070 53.0 541,835 54.0 50%households Lone parentLone parent 6,820 14.7 25,560 13.3 155,265 14.3 40% householdhouseholds Source: ONS Mid Year Estimates 2008, Census 2001 30% 20% 10% 0% Norfolk - Rural East of England - Rural England - Rural The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 7

8. Deprivation and low income: The rural share in NorfolkPeople living on a low income are among the most deprived groups in society. 30,185 people of working-age in rural areas are receiving some form ofA person or household living on a low income may be out of work, or in work DWP benefit this is 42.3% of the total claimants across Norfolk.but on low pay. Across rural areas in Norfolk, 9,995 children live in income deprived households (37.6% of all children in income deprived households acrossThe table and chart below show the proportion of people experiencing Norfolk).deprivation and low income in Norfolk that live in rural areas. 22,670 older people in rural areas receive the Pension Credit Guarantee Element (corresponding to 51.9% of all Pension Credit claimants acrossThe proportion of people experiencing deprivation or low income that live in rural areas Norfolk).in Norfolk (rural share) Norfolk - Rural East of England - England - Rural Proportion of people experiencing deprivation who are living in rural areas in Norfolk Rural % 60.0 N % share N % share N % shareAll People 452,270 53.2 1,756,635 30.7 9,803,535 19.1 50.0Working-age client group 30,185 42.3 99,235 22.6 592,525 12.0 40.0Income Support (IS) 7,850 36.4 25,235 18.4 147,590 9.0 30.0claimantsPeople who are "income 47,360 42.7 147,520 22.2 859,850 10.9 20.0deprived" 10.0Children living in income 9,995 37.6 33,930 18.7 195,930 9.0deprived households 0.0Pension Credit claimants 22,670 51.9 66,840 29.4 372,675 16.3 All People Working-age Income People who Children living PensionSource: DWP 2009, CLG 2007. Share refers to the proportion of the total population (on an indicator) that live in client group Support (IS) are "income in income Credit rural areas. claimants deprived" deprived claimants households The horizontal line shows the proportion of all people in Norfolk who live in rural areas The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 8

9. Deprivation and low income: How does rural Norfolk compare with other rural areas?The table and chart below show the proportion of people experiencing 12.0% of the population living in rural areas in Norfolk are receivingdeprivation in rural areas in Norfolk and national and regional comparator some form of DWP benefit, higher than for rural areas in England as aareas. whole (10.3%). Across rural Norfolk 13.2% of all children live in income deprivedThe proportion of people across rural Norfolk experiencing deprivation or low income households, higher than the proportion across rural England as a whole Norfolk - Rural East of England - Rural England - Rural (11.0%). N % N % N % 18.2% of older people in rural Norfolk receive Pension Credit GuaranteeAll People 452,270 1,756,635 9,803,535 Element, higher than the proportion across rural England as a wholeWorking-age client 30,185 12.0 99,235 9.6 592,525 10.3 (16.2%).groupIncome Support 7,850 3.1 25,235 2.5 147,590 2.6 Proportion of people experiencing deprivation in rural areas in Norfolk and comparators(IS) claimants 20%People who are 47,360 10.7 147,520 8.6 859,850 9.0 18% Working age"income deprived" 16%Children living in 9,995 13.2 33,930 10.6 195,930 11.0 Children 14%income deprived Pensioners 12%households 10%Pension Credit 22,670 18.2 66,840 16.4 372,675 16.2claimants 8% Source: DWP 2009, CLG 2007 6% 4% 2% 0% Norfolk - Rural East of England - Rural England - Rural The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 9

10. Worklessness: The rural share in NorfolkThe most recent indicators of worklessness (people out of work who are The number of people receiving out-of-work benefits (JSA and IB) inunemployed, or who are unable to work due to sickness) are from Jobseekers rural areas is 19,125, 41.7% of the total across Norfolk. Of these, 6,205Allowance (JSA) and Incapacity Benefit (IB) data. receive Jobseekers Allowance and 12,920 receive Incapacity Benefit. In addition, 10,465 children are living in households where no membersThe table and chart show the proportion of the population experiencing of the household are in work (36.7% of all such children in Norfolk).worklessness in Norfolk that live in rural areas. Proportion of people by key workless indicator living in rural NorfolkThe proportion of people by key workless measures that live in rural areas in Norfolk % 60.0(rural share) Norfolk - Rural East of England - England - Rural 50.0 Rural 40.0 N % share N % share N % sharePeople of working age 252,640 50.6 1,028,955 29.5 5,739,815 18.0 30.0ID 2007 Employment 18,940 42.7 57,140 23.3 365,980 12.2 20.0domain scoreJobseekers Allowance 6,205 37.0 22,735 19.9 129,570 10.1 10.0(JSA) claimants 0.0Incapacity Benefit 12,920 44.4 38,030 24.0 238,845 12.8 People of ID 2007 Jobseekers Incapacity Receiving Children inclaimants working age Employment Allowance Benefit workless out of workReceiving workless 19,125 41.7 60,765 22.3 368,415 11.7 domain score (JSA) claimants benefits householdsbenefits claimantsChildren in out of work 10,465 36.7 37,285 18.7 209,525 9.1households Source: CLG, 2007, DWP 2009, HMRC 2006. Share refers to the proportion of the total population (on an The horizontal line shows the proportion of working age people in Norfolk who live in rural areas indicator) that live in rural areas. The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 10

11. Worklessness: How does rural Norfolk compare with other rural areas?The table and chart below show the proportion of people by key workless Across rural Norfolk, 6,205 people were receiving JSA (2.5% of allindicator in rural areas in Norfolk and national and regional comparator areas. working-age people), and 12,920 receiving IB (5.1% of all working-age people).The proportion of people workless across rural Norfolk 12.6% of children in Norfolk are living in households where all adults are Norfolk - Rural East of England - England - Rural out of work, higher than across rural areas in England as a whole Rural (10.7%). N % N % N %People of working age 252,640 1,028,955 5,739,815 Proportion of Jobseekers Allowance and Incapacity Benefit claimants in rural NorfolkID 2007 Employment domain 18,940 7.9 57,140 5.9 365,980 6.7 and comparatorsscore 14% JobseekersJobseekers Allowance (JSA) 6,205 2.5 22,735 2.2 129,570 2.3 Allowance 12%claimants IncapacityIncapacity Benefit claimants 12,920 5.1 38,030 3.7 238,845 4.2 10% BenefitReceiving workless benefits 19,125 7.6 60,765 5.9 368,415 6.4 8% Children in outChildren in out of work 10,465 12.6 37,285 10.7 209,525 10.7 of workhouseholds 6% households Source: CLG, 2007, DWP 2009, HMRC 2006 4% 2% 0% Norfolk - Rural East of England - Rural England - Rural The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 11

12. Employment: The rural share in NorfolkAcross rural Norfolk: 36,045 people are self-employed, 66.3% of all self-employed people Proportion of people living in rural Norfolk by economic activity and occupation group across Norfolk. % 70.0 29,405 people in rural areas are employed in senior occupations, 59.4% 60.0 of all such occupations across Norfolk. 50.0 By comparison, 25,860 people are employed in elementary occupations, 40.0 50.7% of all such occupations across Norfolk. 30.0 20.0The proportion of people by economic activity and occupation that live in rural areas in 10.0Norfolk (rural share) 0.0 Norfolk - Rural East of England - England - Rural Rural N % share N % share N % shareAll People aged 16-74 308,945 53.7 1,194,495 30.8 6,749,640 19.0Economically Active 201,490 53.4 824,015 30.6 4,594,235 19.3Economically Inactive 107,455 54.3 370,480 31.0 2,155,405 18.3Self-employed 36,045 66.3 144,100 40.1 841,930 28.5Part-time workers 40,185 52.9 151,520 31.3 850,640 20.3 The horizontal line shows the proportion of people aged 16-74 in Norfolk who live in rural areasManagers and senior 29,405 59.4 144,110 34.4 796,445 23.3officialsProfessional occupations 16,710 53.6 87,950 31.5 517,915 20.6Elementary occupations 25,860 50.7 86,560 29.2 481,550 18.2 Source: Census 2001. Share refers to the proportion of the total population (on an indicator) that live in rural areas. The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 12

13. Employment: How does rural Norfolk compare with other rural areas?The table and chart show the proportion of people by economic activity and A lower proportion of people in rural areas in Norfolk are economicallyoccupation group in rural areas in Norfolk and national and regional active (65.2%) compared with rural areas across England as a wholecomparator areas. (68.1%). Self employment levels in rural Norfolk (11.7%) are lower than selfThe proportion of people across rural Norfolk by economic activity and occupation employment levels across rural England (12.5%). Norfolk - Rural East of England - England - Rural 15.2% of people in rural areas are employed in managerial occupations, Rural compared with 18.0% across rural England. N % N % N % By comparison, 13.3% of people are employed in elementaryAll People aged 16-74 308,945 1,194,495 6,749,640 occupations, compared with 10.9% of people across rural England.Economically Active 201,490 65.2 824,015 69.0 4,594,235 68.1Economically Inactive 107,455 34.8 370,480 31.0 2,155,405 31.9 Proportion of people by economic activity and occupation group in rural Norfolk andSelf-employed 36,045 11.7 144,100 12.1 841,930 12.5 comparator areasPart-time workers 40,185 13.0 151,520 12.7 850,640 12.6 40% EconomicallyManagers and senior officials 29,405 15.2 144,110 18.1 796,445 18.0 Inactive 35%Professional occupations 16,710 8.6 87,950 11.0 517,915 11.7 Self-employedElementary occupations 25,860 13.3 86,560 10.9 481,550 10.9 30% Elementary Source: Census 2001 25% occupations 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Norfolk - Rural East of England - Rural England - Rural The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 13

14. Skills: The rural share in NorfolkSkill levels in the local population are an important economic indicator. Those Across rural Norfolk:with low or no skills are more likely to experience exclusion, and be vulnerable 99,705 adults in rural areas have no qualifications, 53.5% of the totalto changes in the economy (such as increased demand for higher-skilled number of adults with no qualifications across Norfolk.workers). By comparison, 45,985 adults in rural areas have degree level qualifications, 54.4% of the total number of adults with degree levelThe proportion of people by qualification level that live in rural areas in Norfolk (rural qualifications across Norfolk.share) Norfolk - Rural East of England - England - Rural Proportion of people by qualification level that live in rural areas in Norfolk Rural % 60.0 N % share N % share N % share 50.0People aged 16 - 308,880 53.7 1,194,415 30.8 6,749,750 19.074 40.0No qualifications 99,705 53.5 326,555 30.1 1,784,215 17.4 30.0Highest 54,845 52.8 207,005 29.3 1,120,945 19.0qualification 20.0attained level 1 10.0Highest 61,585 54.9 248,890 31.2 1,412,050 20.5qualification 0.0attained level 2 People aged No Highest Highest Highest HighestHighest 20,580 48.6 91,115 29.5 514,110 17.4 16 - 74 qualifications qualification qualification qualification qualificationqualification attained level attained level attained level attained levelattained level 3 1 2 3 4/5Highest 45,985 54.4 229,655 32.6 1,414,660 20.0qualification The horizontal line shows the proportion of people aged 16-74 in Norfolk who live in rural areasattained level 4/5 Source: Census 2001. Share refers to the proportion of the total population (on an indicator) that live in rural areas. The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 14

15. Skills: How does rural Norfolk compare with other rural areas?The table and chart below show the proportion of people by qualification level 32.3% of adults in rural areas in Norfolk have no qualifications, higherin rural areas in Norfolk and national and regional comparator areas. than across rural areas in England as a whole (26.4%). By comparison,14.9% of adults in rural areas have degree levelThe proportion of people by qualification level across rural Norfolk qualifications, lower than across rural England (21.0%). Norfolk - Rural East of England - England - Rural Rural Proportion of people with no qualifications and degree level qualifications in rural N % N % N % Norfolk and comparatorsPeople aged 16 - 74 308,880 1,194,415 6,749,750 35% No qualificationsNo qualifications 99,705 32.3 326,555 27.3 1,784,215 26.4 30%Highest qualification attained 54,845 17.8 207,005 17.3 1,120,945 16.6 Highestlevel 1 25% qualificationHighest qualification attained 61,585 19.9 248,890 20.8 1,412,050 20.9 attained level 4/5 20%level 2Highest qualification attained 20,580 6.7 91,115 7.6 514,110 7.6 15%level 3 10%Highest qualification attained 45,985 14.9 229,655 19.2 1,414,660 21.0 5%level 4/5 Source: Census 2001 0% Norfolk - Rural East of England - Rural England - Rural The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 15

16. Health: The rural share in NorfolkHealth is a fundamental determinant of quality of life, having a direct impact on Across rural Norfolk:an individuals ability to live a fulfilling and enjoyable life and also indirectly 38,155 people in rural areas report themselves as having a limiting long-impacting on their ability to sustain standards of living through income. Ill term illness. This represents 50.8% of all people with a limiting long-termhealth may also have a severe effect on other people, either directly through illness across Norfolk.changing relationships (for example forcing people into informal unpaid care), Of these, 13,945 working age adults classify themselves as permanentlyor through indirect effects such as change in household income. sick and/or disabled. DWP health benefit data shows that 19,080 people in rural areasThe proportion of people by key health condition that live in rural areas in Norfolk (rural receive Disability Living Allowance (48.0% of all such claimants acrossshare) Norfolk). Norfolk - Rural East of England - England - Rural 16,150 older people in rural areas receive Attendance Allowance (56.3% Rural of claimants in Norfolk). N % share N % share N % shareAll people 452,270 53.2 1,756,635 30.7 9,803,535 19.1 Proportion of people by key health issue that live in rural areas in NorfolkPeople with a limiting long- 38,155 50.8 127,720 28.9 771,295 16.4 % 60.0term Illness (aged 0-64)Working age adults who 13,945 48.9 40,675 26.8 272,355 14.4 50.0are permanently sick or 40.0disabledAttendance Allowance 16,150 56.3 51,190 31.3 297,620 20.1 30.0claimants 20.0Disability Living Allowance 19,080 48.0 59,580 26.7 375,465 14.8claimants 10.0 Source: DWP 2009, Census 2001. Share refers to the proportion of the total population (on an indicator) that 0.0 live in rural areas. All people People with a Working age Attendance Disability Living limiting long-term adults who are Allowance Allowance Illness (aged 0- permanently sick claimants claimants 64) or disabled The horizontal line shows the proportion of all people in Norfolk who live in rural areas The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 16

17. Health: How does rural Norfolk compare with other rural areas?The table and chart below show the proportion of people in poor health in rural 11.4% of adults in rural areas in Norfolk have a limiting long-term illness.areas in Norfolk and national and regional comparator areas. This is higher than across rural areas in England as a whole (10.1%). Rural Norfolk has a higher proportion of people receiving DisabilityThe proportion of people with key health conditions across rural Norfolk Living Allowance (4.2%) than across rural areas in England (3.8%). Norfolk - Rural East of England - England - Rural Rural Proportion of people with poor health conditions in rural Norfolk and comparators N % N % N % 14% People with a limitingAll people 452,270 1,756,635 9,803,535 12% long-term IllnessPeople with a limiting 38,155 11.4 127,720 9.4 771,295 10.1 (aged 0-64) 10%long-term Illness (aged Attendance 8% Allowance claimants0-64)Working age adults who 13,945 4.5 40,675 3.4 272,355 4.0 6% Disability Livingare permanently sick or 4% Allowance claimantsdisabled 2%Attendance Allowance 16,150 12.9 51,190 12.5 297,620 12.9 0%claimants Norfolk - Rural East of England - Rural England - RuralDisability Living 19,080 4.2 59,580 3.4 375,465 3.8Allowance claimants Source: DWP 2009, Census 2001 The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 17

18. Access to services: The rural share in NorfolkAccess to services is a major factor in quality of life for people in rural Across rural Norfolk:communities, where lack of transport can be a primary cause of social 26,065 rural households have no car or van, 36.6% of the total acrossexclusion. People are at risk from social exclusion where necessary services Norfolk.such as hospitals, education, employment and training centres, or food stores, 114,805 households are more than 10km from principal job centres.are not easily accessible. This is especially likely to present difficulties for Of the 12,650 people in Norfolk travelling more than 10km to work,people without cars or who are unable to drive, whose mobility is limited, and 7,245 (57.3% of the total) live in rural areas. By comparison, there arein areas where public transportation is poor. 24,940 people working from home in rural areas (66.7% of the total)..The proportion of people living in rural areas in Norfolk (rural share) - distance to work Proportion of people living in rural areas in Norfolk - distance to work and amenitiesand amenities indicators indicators Norfolk - Rural East of England - England - Rural Rural % 120.0 N % share N % share N % share 100.0People aged 16-74 193,810 54.0 797,380 30.9 4,433,315 19.8 80.0Households with no car 26,065 36.6 86,325 19.5 537,450 9.8or van 60.0Working at home 24,940 66.7 99,600 40.9 605,920 29.5 40.0Travelling more than 7,245 57.3 36,870 40.5 171,520 28.210 km to work 20.0Households 6+km from 4,850 100.0 7,160 100.0 67,805 98.2 0.0principal GP site People Households Working at Travelling Households Households HouseholdsHouseholds 10+km 114,805 96.1 382,975 80.3 2,129,770 76.6 aged 16-74 with no car home more than 6+km from 10+km from 6+km fromfrom a Job Centre or van 10 km to principal GP a Job SecondaryHouseholds 6+km from 20,500 100.0 50,950 95.0 303,955 94.7 work site Centre SchoolSecondary SchoolSource: CRC 2009, Census 2001. Share refers to the proportion of the total population (on an indicator) that live in rural areas. The horizontal line shows the proportion of people aged 16-74 in Norfolk who live in rural areas The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 18

19. Access to services: How does rural Norfolk compare with other rural areas?The table and chart show key travel to work and amenities indicators for rural 14.4% of households in rural areas in Norfolk have no access to a car orNorfolk and comparator areas. van. This is higher than across rural areas in England as a whole (14.1%).The proportion of people by distance to work and amenities across rural Norfolk 56.0% of households are more than 10km from principal job centres. Norfolk - Rural East of England - England - Rural This is higher than across England (50.4%). Rural N % N % N % Rural Norfolk and comparators - distance to work and amenities indicatorsPeople aged 16-74 193,810 797,380 4,433,315 90% Households with no car orHouseholds with no car 26,065 14.4 86,325 12.8 537,450 14.1 van 80%or van People working at home 70%People working at 24,940 12.9 99,600 12.5 605,920 13.7 60% Households 10+km fromhome 50% a Job CentrePeople travelling more 7,245 3.7 36,870 4.6 171,520 3.9 40%than 10 km to work 30%Households 6+km from 4,850 2.4 7,160 1.0 67,805 1.6 20%principal GP site 10%Households 10+km 114,805 56.0 382,975 51.1 2,129,770 50.4from principal Job 0%Centre Norfolk - Rural East of England - Rural England - RuralHouseholds 6+km from 20,500 10.0 50,950 6.8 303,955 7.2Secondary School Source: CRC 2009, Census 2001 The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 19

20. Housing: The rural share in NorfolkNationally, rural housing is more likely to be in non-decent condition than Across rural Norfolk:housing in urban areas. Across England, the percentage of households living 11,290 rural households lack central heating, 47.0% of all suchin non-decent homes1 is 34% in rural areas, compared with 28% in urban households across Norfolk.areas2. 4,380 households are overcrowded, 35.8% of all such householdsHowever, there is no published data on the number of non-decent homes in across Norfolk.rural Norfolk. Data on those households lacking central heating and There are 20,615 households living in social rented accommodation inovercrowded households can give an indication of where housing conditions rural areas, 35.4% of all such stock across Norfolk.may play a role in exclusion. Proportion of people living in rural areas in Norfolk - housing indicatorsThe proportion of people living in rural areas in Norfolk (rural share) - key housingindicators % 60.0 Norfolk - Rural East of England - England - Rural 50.0 Rural 40.0 N % share N % share N % shareAll households 181,455 52.9 673,750 30.2 3,807,445 18.6 30.0Overcrowded households 4,380 35.8 19,340 16.8 111,325 7.6 20.0Households lacking central 11,290 47.0 32,960 28.9 239,340 14.0heating 10.0Council Tax band A 38,950 37.7 87,365 24.8 665,835 11.8 0.0Social rented housing 20,615 35.4 79,270 21.5 445,020 11.3 All Overcrowded Households Council Tax Social rented Housing Fires attendedHousing Benefit and Council 29,655 42.5 92,895 22.9 534,755 11.8 households households lacking central band A housing Benefit and by Fire andTax Benefit claimants heating Council Tax Rescue Benefit servicesFires attended by Fire and 700 48.2 3,040 25.9 20,030 15.3 claimantsRescue services Source: VOA 2008, CLG, 2006, DWP 2005, Census 2001. Share refers to the proportion of the total population (on an indicator) that live in rural areas. The horizontal line shows the proportion of households in Norfolk who live in rural areas1 A decent home is one that: is above the current statutory minimum standard forhousing; is in a reasonable state of repair; has reasonably modern facilities andservices; and provides a reasonable degree of thermal comfort.2 English House Condition Survey, 2004. The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 20

21. Housing: How does rural Norfolk compare with other rural areas?The table and chart below show key housing indicators for rural Norfolk andcomparator areas. Rural Norfolk and comparators - housing indicators 6.2% of households in rural areas in Norfolk have no central heating, 18% lower than levels in rural areas in England as a whole (6.3%). 16% Overcrowded 2.4% of households in rural areas in Norfolk are overcrowded, lower 14% households than the average across rural England (2.9%). 12% Social housing levels are lower in rural areas in Norfolk (11.4%) than Households 10% lacking central across rural areas as a whole (11.7%). 8% heating Social rentedThe proportion of people on key housing indicators across rural Norfolk 6% housing Norfolk - Rural East of England - Rural 4% England - Rural 2% N % N % N % 0%All households 181,455 673,750 3,807,445 Norfolk - Rural East of England - Rural England - RuralOvercrowded households 4,380 2.4 19,340 2.9 111,325 2.9Households lacking central heating 11,290 6.2 32,960 4.9 239,340 6.3Council Tax band A 38,950 18.6 87,365 11.6 665,835 15.6Social rented housing 20,615 11.4 79,270 11.8 445,020 11.7Housing Benefit and Council Tax 29,655 16.4 92,895 13.8 534,755 14.1Benefit claimantsFires attended by Fire and Rescue 700 0.4 3,040 0.5 20,030 0.5services Source: VOA 2008, CLG, 2006, DWP 2005, Census 2001 The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 21

22. Appendix A: Methodology - Identifying the rural share of deprivation socio-economic indicators, for example data on self-employed people,Introduction adults with higher level qualifications, and at-risk communities such asWe have analysed key deprivation indicators, to identify the number of people people from non-white groupsexperiencing deprivation issues living in rural areas across Norfolk. Available on a consistent basis for all areas across Norfolk, so can be validly compared between areas (locally-held datasets can provideThe ONS Lower Layer Super Output Area (LSOA) rural urban classification valuable additional context information, but have not been included)was used to identify whether an area was classified as rural or urban. Areas Available at sub Local Authority level - Lower Super Output Areawith the following Morphology codes were classified as rural: (LSOA) - in order to allow analysis for urban and rural areas based on Small town & fringe the urban-rural classifications Village Can be communicated easily to a wide audience. Hamlet & isolated dwellings.Key indicators were aggregated from small area-level based on urban-ruralarea classifications, in order to calculate data for rural and urban areas foreach indicator.What are the indicators and themes we have used to identify the ruralshare of deprivation?In order to compare between levels of urban and rural deprivation, ouranalysis is based on indicators that are relevant to both rural and urban areas.We have not looked at whether rural deprivation is different to urbandeprivation. For this reason, we have used a fairly standard set of themes andindicators for this analysis.We have grouped indicators under seven themes: population, deprivation andlow income, employment and worklessness, health and disability, educationand skills, housing and households, and access to services.The Table below identifies the set of key indicators used in the rural shareanalysis, identified under each of the themes. The criteria that we have used toselect the indicators are: Relevance: We have included direct measures of deprivation such as Jobseeker Allowance claimants. Where relevant, we have also included The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 22

23. The final list of indicators we have used Part-time workers Census 2001 People in occupation groups I to III Census 2001Indicators by theme Source People in elementary occupations IX Census 2001Population HealthTotal population Office of National Statistics People with a limiting long-term Illness aged 0-64 Census 2001 (ONS), 2008 Working age adults who are permanently sick or Census 2001Population aged 0 - 15 ONS, 2008 disabledWorking-age population ONS, 2008 Attendance Allowance claimants DWP, 2009Pensionable age population ONS, 2008 Disability Living Allowance claimants DWP, 2009Male/Female population ONS, 2008 Education and skillsPensioners living alone Census 2001 Adults with no qualifications Census 2001Lone parent households with dependent children Census 2001 Adults with level 1, 2, 3, 4/5 qualifications Census 2001Residential population aged 16-74 Census 2001 HousingWorkplace population aged 16-74 Census 2001 Households lacking central heating Census 2001Total daytime population aged 16-74 Census 2001 Social Rented Housing Census 2001Deprivation and low income Overcrowded Households Census 2001Working Age DWP Benefit claimants Department for Work and Housing in Council Tax bands A and B Valuation Office Agency Pensions (DWP), 2009 (VOA )/ CLG, 2008Income Support claimants DWP, 2009 Housing Benefit and Council Tax Benefit claimants DWP 2005Pension Credit Guarantee Element recipients DWP, 2009 Fire and rescue service: All incidents attended CLG, 2006ID 2007 Income domain Communities and Local Access to services Government (CLG), Indices of Households with no car or van Census 2001 Deprivation (ID) 2007 People working at home Census 2001ID 2007 Income Deprivation Affecting Children CLG, ID 2007 People travelling more than 10 km to work Census 2001ID 2007 Income Deprivation Affecting Older People CLG, ID 2007 Households more than 10km from a principal Job Commission for RuralEmployment and worklessness Centre Communities (CRC) 2009ID 2007 Employment domain CLG, ID 2007 Households more than 6km from a principal GP site CRC 2009Jobseekers Allowance claimants DWP, 2009 Households more than 6km from a Secondary School CRC 2009Incapacity Benefit claimants DWP, 2009 People working in their ward of residence Census 2001Children in out-of-work families Her Majestys Revenue and People working in their Local Authority of residence Census 2001 Customs (HMRC), 2006Economically Inactive adults Census 2001Self-employed people Census 2001 The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 23

24. Appendix B: DefinitionsWhat do we mean by rural?The data presented in this report is primarily based on data available for smallareas. We have used the standard ONS/ Countryside Agency rural-urbanclassification to identify whether particular areas are rural or urban.The rural-urban classifications are available for a range of geographical scales,including Output Areas, Super Output Areas (both Lower and Middle Layer),and Wards. They are categorised into four categories: urban, based on allsettlements over 10,000 population; small town & fringe; village; and hamlet &isolated dwellings. For the analysis in this project, we have combined the smalltown and fringe, village and hamlet & isolated dwellings categories into asingle rural category. In other words, our rural area analysis is based on allareas outside settlements with populations of more than 10,000 people.See www.defra.gov.uk/rural/ruralstats/rural-definition.htm for details of thevarious rural-urban classifications. The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 24