Rural development concept presentation

AGSC 255

Hani MdeihliTarek Amro

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OutlineIntroduction

Human Rights to Water

World Water Statistics

Rural and Urban Water Access

Water Sources

MENA Region Facts

Water Condition in Lebanon

Myths of The Rural Water Supply

Sustainable Management of Water

Conclusion

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IntroductionBillions of people are still striving to access the most basic human needs which are food, shelter, safe drinking water and sanitary systems.

According to the human rights, adequate water is a right to everyone.

Generally, governments are responsible to provide water to meet basic human needs and to improve the water supply system to meet standards of reliable, efficient, and equitable management (Gleick, 2005).

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Human Rights Water Normative Criteria

Sufficient

Safe

Acceptable

Accessible

Affordable

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World Bank Water StatisticsEvery year insecure water and a lack of basic sanitation kills a minimum of 1.6 million children under the age of 5

Up until 1990 1.1 billion people in the world did not have access to an improved source of drinking water

84%(924000000) of the population who did not have access to an improved source of drinking water live in rural areas

5 times more rural than city dwellers lack safe water

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Rural and Urban Population without access to improved drinking water source in the developing regions

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Projected Rural access to an improved source of drinking water

Since 1990 , there has been an increase of 24% in the number of rural people with access to an improved source of drinking water, and the backlog of rural unserved is decreasing over time. Despite this huge effort, the proportion of the rural population unserved is still exceedingly high (27%)

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Water Sources

Surface water

Groundwater

Rainwater

Desalinized water8

MENA Region Facts

5% of the world population are Arabs, but they have less than 1% of global water resources.

15 of the 20 countries with lowest internal renewable fresh water supply are Arab countries

83% of the total water available is used by the agricultural sector

30 km³ of desalinated seawater is produced every year due to water scarcity

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Water Per Capita Consumption

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Water Use By Sectors

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In LebanonSimilar to the MENA region, Lebanon suffers water shortage and deterioration of water quality due to pollution (Saghir et al, 2000).

Lebanon is expected to experience water deficit within 10-15 years.

60-70 % of water resources are contaminated (METAP, 2007) and it is expected that contamination of water resources is higher in the rural areas.

Only 10 % of the population is living in the rural areasThose areas do not attract high investmentHigher percentage of water contamination expected

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Poor Water QualityLebanon’s water resources are overexploited due to excessive pumping

Inadequate provision of sanitation services has led to polluted streams, rivers and aquifers. Up to 70% of all natural sources are affected by bacterial contamination.

Lebanon’s potable water was ranked below World Health Organization (WHO) standards for drinking water.

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Network Water Availability

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Reasons of Limited Water Connectivity

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Myths of the Rural Water Supply Sector

Building water supply systems is more important than keeping them working.

Communities can always manage their facilities on their own.

Any action which tries to improve rural water supplies is admirable.

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Sustainable Management of WaterAssessment and development of water sources to increase amount of water supplied and water quality.

Adequate allocation of these sources for domestic, industrial, and agricultural uses.

Controlling water pollution.

Maintenance and sustaining of water supply systems.

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Conclusion

Water is life!

Everyone has a right to it, even rural dwellers.

Obligation to sustain adequate water for future generations.

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Thank You.Questions?

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Referenceshttp://www.opportunities.com.lb/lebanon/bhb/docs/WB%20-%20Social%20Impact%20Analysis%20-%20Electricity%20and%20Water%20sectors.pdfhttp://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/implementationhttp://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/monitoring/jmpfinal.pdfhttp://www.cdr.gov.lb/eng/progress_reports/pr072005/Ewater.pdfhttp://www.opportunities.com.lb/lebanon/bhb/docs/WB%20-%20Social%20Impact%20Analysis%20-%20Electricity%20and%20Water%20sectors.pdfhttp://www.cnrs.edu.lb/info/LSJ2010/No2/geara.pdfhttps://scholarworks.aub.edu.lb/bitstream/handle/10938/752/404479.pdf?sequence=1http://water.worldbank.org/topics/water-supply/rural-waterhttp://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/human_right_to_water.shtmlhttp://www.rwsn.ch/documentation/skatdocumentation.2009-07-27.8158674790http://water.worldbank.org/sites/water.worldbank.org/files/publication/WASH-and-Equity-final.pdfhttp://water.worldbank.org/sites/water.worldbank.org/files/publication/Webinar-5-June-2012-SR-water-and-sanitation.pdfhttp://lauramcgonigle.ie/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/Water-supply.jpghttp://www.design21sdn.com/attachments/0025/3342/water_282__282_.jpg?1214211690http://www.un-ngls.org/IMG/arton2294.jpghttp://www.cleanwaterstore.com/images/technical/pic_water-sources.jpghttp://www.renewbl.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/mena-region-countries.jpghttp://www.indyweek.com/binary/426b/unknown.jpghttp://www.stpaul.gov/images/pages/N474/Water%20Supply%20System.jpg

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