russ electric

105

Upload: taner-ertuerk

Post on 27-Oct-2014

106 views

Category:

Documents


6 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Russ Electric
Page 2: Russ Electric

A Common Straight Emergency Power System Scenarioy

CommercialUtility Power

UPS SystemTransfer Switchgear

Network Computer

EmergencyGenerators

UPS Batteries

Loads

Air conditioning, Lighting,Mechanical, Building Loads, etc.Generator Paralleling

Control Switchgear

g

Page 3: Russ Electric

Normal OperationCommercialUtility Power

UPS SystemTransfer Switchgear

Network Computer

EmergencyGenerators

UPS Batteries

Loads

Cooling & LightingT C t To Computers

Generator ParallelingControl Switchgear

Air conditioning, Lighting,Mechanical Loads, etc.

g

Page 4: Russ Electric

When Power First FailsUtility Bus Goes Black

Transfer SwitchgearUPS SystemCommercial

Utility Power

Network Computer UPS System Immediately

EmergencyGenerators

UPS Batteries

pLoadsImmediatelyAssumes ComputerLoads Loads

Generators Then Feed Generator ParallelingControl Switchgear

Air conditioning, Lighting,Mechanical Loads, etc.

When Utility PowerBuilding Loads Through Switchgear and Transfer Switches

g yis Restored…

Page 5: Russ Electric

System Automatically Returns to Normal Operation

CommercialUtility Power Transfer Switchgear

UPS System

Network Computer

EmergencyGenerators

UPS Batteries

Loads

Cooling & LightingT C t To Computers

Generator ParallelingControl Switchgear

Air conditioning, Lighting,Mechanical Loads, etc.

g

Page 6: Russ Electric

AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCHESAUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCHES

Page 7: Russ Electric

Definition:Definition:An Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) is a, high speed switching device designed to An Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) is a, high speed switching device designed to safely transfer electrical loads from a power source to an alternate power source safely transfer electrical loads from a power source to an alternate power source upon reduction or loss of voltage & to retransfer to the original source when upon reduction or loss of voltage & to retransfer to the original source when

power is restored.power is restored.

Page 8: Russ Electric

ATS APPLICATIONSATS APPLICATIONSATS APPLICATIONSATS APPLICATIONS

Where does an ATS fit into a Building Distribution System?Where does an ATS fit into a Building Distribution System?

Page 9: Russ Electric

Utility isLoad is fed

by emergencyUtility isRestored

UnloadedengineEngine

shuts downSimpleSimpleOneOne--line,line,of ATSof ATS

Utility isLost

y g ypowerRestoredcool down

periodsystem returned

to normaloperation

TransferringTransferringBetweenBetweenUtility &Utility &Utility & Utility & GeneratorGenerator

Page 10: Russ Electric

MAJOR COMPONENTS OF ANMAJOR COMPONENTS OF ANAUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCHAUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCHU O C S S CU O C S S C

2. VoltageSensing& Control

1. SwitchingSection & Control

Section

3. PLC Control

Page 11: Russ Electric

•• In an “over center,” (spring loaded design). The mechanisms which drive In an “over center,” (spring loaded design). The mechanisms which drive the contacts utilize a spring assisted motor operated concept. This design the contacts utilize a spring assisted motor operated concept. This design provides for a “quickprovides for a “quick--break, quickbreak, quick--make” operation, with full arc make” operation, with full arc interruption under maximum voltage and amperageinterruption under maximum voltage and amperageinterruption, under maximum voltage and amperage. interruption, under maximum voltage and amperage.

Over CenterOver CenterO e Ce eO e Ce eSpring MechanismSpring Mechanism Initial Point of ContactInitial Point of Contact

Page 12: Russ Electric

A Critical Component:A Critical Component:

Transfer ContactsTransfer Contacts

RusselectricRusselectric2000 ampere2000 ampererated movablerated movablerated movablerated movablefinger contactfinger contactassemblyassembly

Page 13: Russ Electric

T f S it h C t lT f S it h C t lTransfer Switch Controls...Transfer Switch Controls...

Any PLC Controller should operate with Any PLC Controller should operate with an industry standard an industry standard open architectureopen architecturecommunication protocol for Windows communication protocol for Windows compatible, high speed serial compatible, high speed serial communications via multicommunications via multi dropdropcommunications via multicommunications via multi--drop drop connection, fiber optic, or wireless to connection, fiber optic, or wireless to other controllers and/or to a master other controllers and/or to a master terminalterminalterminal. terminal.

Page 14: Russ Electric

System settings should be performed System settings should be performed locally, through a menu driven touch locally, through a menu driven touch screen or remotely to master terminal/sscreen or remotely to master terminal/sscreen or remotely, to master terminal/s.screen or remotely, to master terminal/s.

Page 15: Russ Electric

The Microprocessor (PLC)The Microprocessor (PLC)The Microprocessor (PLC) The Microprocessor (PLC) Controller is designed Controller is designed specifically to be the central specifically to be the central operating system foroperating system foroperating system for operating system for Transfer Switches and will Transfer Switches and will communicate with any open communicate with any open

hit t t l d ihit t t l d i

It is integrated into the It is integrated into the h d i d i it O th d i d i it O t

architecture protocol device.architecture protocol device.

hard wired circuitry. Optohard wired circuitry. Opto--Isolators carry signals Isolators carry signals between PLC logic and between PLC logic and traditional electrotraditional electro--mechanical controls.mechanical controls.

Page 16: Russ Electric

FEATURES COMMON TO ALL RUSSELECTRIC FEATURES COMMON TO ALL RUSSELECTRIC TRANSFER SWITCHESTRANSFER SWITCHESTRANSFER SWITCHESTRANSFER SWITCHES

•UL LISTED through 4000 amperes for 2, 3, and 4 pole configurations•Simple unidirectional motor operator•High-Speed transfer mechanism•Rapid arc quenching•Safe manual operator provides same instantaneous contact opening andcontact closing speed as electrical operator (on all open transitioncontact closing speed as electrical operator (on all open transition

transferswitches)

•Positive mechanical and electrical interlocking (on all open transitiontransfer switches)

•100% Continuous duty rated (6x for motor inrush)•The Industry’s Highest 3-Cycle Close and Withstand Ratings•Open type (switchboard construction available)Open type (switchboard construction available)

Page 17: Russ Electric

Let’s discuss 4 pole Let’s discuss 4 pole (switched neutral designs)…(switched neutral designs)…

Page 18: Russ Electric

Fully Rated Switched Neutral:Fully Rated Switched Neutral:

LNormal SourceNeutral

LBreaks

LEmergency

N EOverlapping NeutralVs

N EBefore

N E

EmergencyMakes

Overlapping Neutral(One Line of Neutral Bus. or, 4th pole)(One Line of Neutral Bus. or, 4th pole)

(Same construction and withstand rating as the main power poles)(Same construction and withstand rating as the main power poles)

Page 19: Russ Electric

Overlapping NeutralOverlapping NeutralOverlapping NeutralOverlapping Neutral

(Other Approach)(Other Approach)

LEmergency Source

LNormal SourceNeutral L

B k

N E

g yNeutral

N EBefore Makes

ENBreaks

(One Line of Neutral Bus or, 4th pole)(One Line of Neutral Bus or, 4th pole)

Page 20: Russ Electric

Switching inductive loads...Switching inductive loads...

Dual Motor OperatedDual Motor OperatedTransfer SwitchTransfer Switch

Page 21: Russ Electric

NN Motor #1Motor #1drives thedrives thenormal sourcenormal source

Nnormal source normal source contactscontactsopenopen

The load source The load source is disconnected is disconnected for anfor an

LLfor an for an adjustable adjustable period to allow period to allow regenerative regenerative

M1M2

Lpower to decaypower to decay

Motor #2Motor #2th d i thth d i th

M2

then drives the then drives the emergencyemergencysource source contactscontactscontactscontactsclosedclosed

Page 22: Russ Electric

Transfer Switches with Bypass IsolationTransfer Switches with Bypass IsolationTransfer Switches with Bypass Isolation Transfer Switches with Bypass Isolation OverviewOverview

Page 23: Russ Electric

Bypass Isolation SwitchesBypass Isolation Switchesypyp

A manually operated device used in conjunction with a transfer switch Definition:Definition:

y p jto provide a means of directly connecting load conductors to a power source and of disconnecting the transfer switch.

Page 24: Russ Electric

StandardsStandardsStandardsStandards

The Applicable Standards are:The Applicable Standards are:

••ANSIANSI••ULULULUL••IEEEIEEE••NEMANEMA••NEMANEMA

Page 25: Russ Electric

Application:Application:pppp

RTB(D)RTB(D) -- Load Break Design:Load Break Design: Where a bypassWhere a bypass RTB(D) RTB(D) Load Break Design:Load Break Design: Where a bypass Where a bypass isolation switch is required and simplicity of operation isolation switch is required and simplicity of operation is critical during an emergency conditionis critical during an emergency condition

Page 26: Russ Electric

Lets Talk Conceptually About LLets Talk Conceptually About Load Break & No Load Breakoad Break & No Load BreakBypass SwitchesBypass Switches

ATS

ypyp

ATSATS

NORM ISOLATE

ATS

RTB(D)RTB(D) L dL d

NORM ISOLATE

ATS

LoadLoadBreakBreak

NORM ISOLATE

ATS

NORM ISOLATE

ATS

NORM ISOLATE

ATS

RTB(D)RTB(D) -- Load Load Break design Break design (Break(Break BeforeBefore

NORM ISOLATE

ATS

BPN BPEAUTO

RTB(D)RTB(D) -- Load Load Break design Break design (Break(Break--BeforeBefore--M k B )M k B )

BPN BPEAUTO

BreakBreakContactsContacts

Load Load Momentarily Momentarily DisconnectedDisconnected

BPN BPEAUTO

BPN BPEAUTO

BPN BPEAUTO

(Break(Break--BeforeBefore--Make Bypass)Make Bypass)BPN BPE

AUTO

LOAD

BPN BPEMake Bypass)Make Bypass) BypassBypassHandleHandle

LOAD

BPN BPE

LOAD

BPN BPEIf the transfer switch portion is bypassed & isolated to normal and the

l

BPN BPEEmergency Power Available

BPN BPE

Switch Bypassed

to

BPN BPE

Can rack back in no matter what position the ATS is in.

Should NormalSource return

NORMAL

LOAD

EMERGENCYNORMAL

LOAD

EMERGENCYNORMAL

LOAD

EMERGENCYLOAD

BYPASSED TO NORMAL

normal power fails an engine start signal will initiate...NORMAL

LOAD

EMERGENCYNORMAL

LOAD

EMERGENCY

Emergency

NORMAL

LOAD

EMERGENCY

the ATS is in.Source returnswitch can still beracked in

Page 27: Russ Electric

Benefits of the Load Break Benefits of the Load Break Bypass DesignBypass Design

Power can be maintained to load during ATS failurePower can be maintained to load during ATS failure Provides a means of bypassing the ATS for Provides a means of bypassing the ATS for

maintenancemaintenance No elaborate system of electrical solenoids electricalNo elaborate system of electrical solenoids electrical No elaborate system of electrical solenoids, electrical No elaborate system of electrical solenoids, electrical

interlocks or mechanical interlocksinterlocks or mechanical interlocks Fast, Simple and Easy OperationFast, Simple and Easy Operation

Page 28: Russ Electric

Benefits of the No Load Break Benefits of the No Load Break Bypass DesignBypass Design

Power can be maintained to load during ATS failurePower can be maintained to load during ATS failure Provides a means of bypassing the ATS for Provides a means of bypassing the ATS for

maintenance without load interruptionmaintenance without load interruption

Page 29: Russ Electric

Operation Operation –– (Load Break Bypass Switch)(Load Break Bypass Switch)pp ( yp )( yp )

1. Observe1. Observe -- that the source is availablethat the source is available

2. Slide2. Slide -- the handle over to the the handle over to the desired/available sourcedesired/available source

3. Pull3. Pull -- the bypass handle downthe bypass handle down

4 Pull4 Pull isolating handle to isolate ATSisolating handle to isolate ATS4. Pull4. Pull -- isolating handle to isolate ATSisolating handle to isolate ATS

Page 30: Russ Electric

1. Observe - that the source is available

Page 31: Russ Electric

2. Slide - the handle over to the desired/available source

d 3 P ll th b h dl dand 3. Pull - the bypass handle down

Page 32: Russ Electric

4. Pull - isolating handle to isolate ATS

Page 33: Russ Electric

Rack-out - Remove ATS if desired

Page 34: Russ Electric

If Normal Source is lost while Isolated or Racked out- Engine start signal will automatically be given. WhenEmergency source is available, bypass to Emergency

Page 35: Russ Electric

Slide Bypass Handle over to Emergency

Page 36: Russ Electric

Pull Down Bypass Handle to Emergency

Page 37: Russ Electric

Important Construction FeaturesImportant Construction Featurespp

1212--gauge steel enclosuregauge steel enclosure Plenty of cable bending spacePlenty of cable bending space No aluminum bus or componentsNo aluminum bus or components No aluminum bus or componentsNo aluminum bus or components Bus connections Bus connections -- Belleville type compression Belleville type compression

washerswashers SelfSelf aligning ATS drawaligning ATS draw outout SelfSelf--aligning ATS drawaligning ATS draw--outout Maintain Engine Start on Bypass to EmergencyMaintain Engine Start on Bypass to Emergency

Page 38: Russ Electric

R l t i ATS R tiR l t i ATS R tiRusselectric ATS Ratings,Russelectric ATS Ratings,33--Cycle Close and WithstandCycle Close and Withstand

100 100 -- 400 Ampere400 Ampere 42,000 Amps42,000 Amps

600 600 -- 800 Ampere800 Ampere 65,000 Amps65,000 Amps

10001000 1200 Ampere1200 Ampere 85 000 Amps85 000 Amps 1000 1000 -- 1200 Ampere1200 Ampere 85,000 Amps85,000 Amps

1600 1600 -- 4000 Ampere4000 Ampere 100,000 Amps100,000 Amps

Page 39: Russ Electric

Additional Power Monitoring (Upgrade)Additional Power Monitoring (Upgrade)g ( pg )g ( pg )

AC P M itAC P M it AC Power MonitorAC Power Monitor–– Transducer SectionTransducer Section–– Protective Relay SectionProtective Relay Section

Current Current T fT fTransformersTransformers

AC Power MonitorAC Power Monitor

Page 40: Russ Electric

Power Monitoring Power Monitoring cont.cont.gg

AC Power MonitorAC Power Monitor

++True RMS voltage measurement of each phase of both the normal andTrue RMS voltage measurement of each phase of both the normal and

Transducer SectionTransducer SectionTrue RMS voltage measurement of each phase of both the normal andTrue RMS voltage measurement of each phase of both the normal and

emergency sourcesemergency sources

++Frequency of both sourcesFrequency of both sources

++True RMS current of each phaseTrue RMS current of each phase

++Power factor relative to either voltage sourcePower factor relative to either voltage source++Power factor relative to either voltage sourcePower factor relative to either voltage source

++Phase sequence of each sourcePhase sequence of each source

++True and reactive power consumptionTrue and reactive power consumption

Page 41: Russ Electric

AC P M itAC P M it AC Power MonitorAC Power Monitor

Protective Relay SectionProtective Relay Section++Undervoltage and underfrequency sensing of each sourceUndervoltage and underfrequency sensing of each source

++Overvoltage and overfrequency sensing of each sourceOvervoltage and overfrequency sensing of each source

++Phase reversal protection of each sourcePhase reversal protection of each source

++Voltage differential protection of each sourceVoltage differential protection of each source++Voltage differential protection of each sourceVoltage differential protection of each source

++Synchronizing check between the normal and emergency sourcesSynchronizing check between the normal and emergency sources

Page 42: Russ Electric

Power MonitoringPower Monitoring cont.cont.

P M it iP M it i Power MonitoringPower Monitoring Historical DataHistorical Data

–– Logs the last 100 eventsLogs the last 100 eventsgg–– No more codesNo more codes

Serial CommunicationsSerial Communications

Page 43: Russ Electric

Power Monitoring & Control ScreenPower Monitoring & Control Screen

ModBus CommunicationsModBus Communications

Emer 480 vB CEmer 480 vA - B

Amps 403 AAAmps 411 ABAmps 409 AC

AmperesAmperes

Emergency Emergency

Amps 403 AAAmps 411 ABAmps 409 AC

Norm 480 vB - CNorm 480 vA - B

Norm 480 vC - ANorm Freq

Emer 480 vB - CEmer 480 vC - AEmer Freq

Emer 480 vB - CEmer 480 vA - B

Emer 480 vC - AEmer Freq

Norm 480 vB - CNorm 480 vA - B

Norm 480 vC - ANorm Freq

g yg yVoltageVoltage

Normal Normal VoltageVoltage

KWattsKVarsKVAPF

5.40011.7612.820.42

Date 07/04/02Time 12:15:38TSE Closed

Event #100Norm Freq

KW, Kvar, KVA, PFKW, Kvar, KVA, PF

FirstFirst

o tageo tage

KWattsKVarsKVAPF

5.40011.7612.820.42

Date 07/04/02Time 12:15:38TSE Closed

Event #100

First First Status Status ScreenScreen

Historical DataHistorical Data–– Logs the last 100 eventsLogs the last 100 events–– In English; No more codesIn English; No more codes

Page 44: Russ Electric

ATS Control Screens, Ethernet, Fiber Optic or Web BasedATS Control Screens, Ethernet, Fiber Optic or Web BasedMain ScreenMain Screen

Page 45: Russ Electric

Example: Normal Real Time TrendExample: Normal Real Time Trend(Shown flat(Shown flat--lining)lining)

Page 46: Russ Electric

Power MonitoringPower Monitoring cont.cont.

P M it iP M it i Power MonitoringPower Monitoring Historical DataHistorical Data Serial CommunicationsSerial Communications Serial CommunicationsSerial Communications

–– Plugs directly into MicroprocessorPlugs directly into Microprocessor

Page 47: Russ Electric

Generator Control SwitchgearGenerator Control Switchgear

Page 48: Russ Electric

Types of SystemsTypes of SystemsTypes of SystemsTypes of Systems

E SE S

P k ShP k Sh

Emergency SystemsEmergency Systems

•• Peak ShavePeak Shave

•• Utility ParallelUtility ParallelUtility ParallelUtility Parallel

•• CogenerationCogeneration

Prime Power SystemsPrime Power Systems

gg

Prime Power SystemsPrime Power Systems

Page 49: Russ Electric

T pes of Operational ModesT pes of Operational ModesTypes of Operational ModesTypes of Operational Modes

•• Open TransitionOpen Transition

•• Closed TransitionClosed Transition

Page 50: Russ Electric

Open Transition ModeOpen Transition ModeOpen Transition ModeOpen Transition Mode

An open transition mode of operation is a method of transferring a loadAn open transition mode of operation is a method of transferring a loadAn open transition mode of operation is a method of transferring a load An open transition mode of operation is a method of transferring a load between two sources with an interruption of power during the transfer. between two sources with an interruption of power during the transfer.

Page 51: Russ Electric
Page 52: Russ Electric

Load ControlLoad Control

Load priorityLoad priority -- The load priority scheme in an The load priority scheme in an emergency system is based upon the number of emergency system is based upon the number of

i ti tengine generators. engine generators.

Load shedLoad shed -- Failure of an engine generator causes the Failure of an engine generator causes the lowest priority level load to be shed.lowest priority level load to be shed.

Load shedLoad shed bypass bypass -- Manually override the load shed Manually override the load shed control so that a previously shed load can be recontrol so that a previously shed load can be re--added added even though the emergency system does not have all even though the emergency system does not have all of of the engine generators availablethe engine generators availablethe engine generators available.the engine generators available.

Load DemandLoad Demand -- The number of engine generators The number of engine generators required to be on line is based upon the bus kWrequired to be on line is based upon the bus kWrequired to be on line is based upon the bus kW. required to be on line is based upon the bus kW.

Page 53: Russ Electric

Closed Transition ModeClosed Transition ModeClosed Transition ModeClosed Transition Mode

A closed transition mode of operation is a A closed transition mode of operation is a method of either:method of either:method of either:method of either:

1) Transferring a facility’s load between the utility 1) Transferring a facility’s load between the utility and generator or 2) operating a generator inand generator or 2) operating a generator inand generator or 2) operating a generator in and generator or 2) operating a generator in continuous parallel with the utility service, continuous parallel with the utility service, withoutwithoutan interruption of service. an interruption of service.

Page 54: Russ Electric
Page 55: Russ Electric

Why Would A Facility Prefer a Closed Transition Why Would A Facility Prefer a Closed Transition y ou d ac y e e a C osed a s oy ou d ac y e e a C osed a s oMode of Operation?Mode of Operation?

•• Desire not to interrupt loads duringDesire not to interrupt loads during•• Desire not to interrupt loads during Desire not to interrupt loads during transfers back to the utility after a power transfers back to the utility after a power outageoutage

•• Participation in a Utility sponsored load Participation in a Utility sponsored load reduction programreduction program

Page 56: Russ Electric

Advantages of a Switchgear Controlled Closed Advantages of a Switchgear Controlled Closed Transition Mode of OperationTransition Mode of Operation

Active phase lock synchronization of generator to the Active phase lock synchronization of generator to the utilityutility

Gradual transfer of load between utility and generator Gradual transfer of load between utility and generator eliminating unwanted system transientseliminating unwanted system transients

Utility involvement and approvalUtility involvement and approval Utility involvement and approvalUtility involvement and approval Protection of each source from the other while Protection of each source from the other while

paralleledparalleled

Page 57: Russ Electric

2 Common Classes of Switchgear 2 Common Classes of Switchgear ManufacturedManufacturedManufacturedManufactured

•• Low Voltage SwitchgearLow Voltage Switchgear

Medi m Voltage S itchgearMedi m Voltage S itchgear

Low Voltage SwitchgearLow Voltage Switchgear

600 VAC and below600 VAC and below

•• Medium Voltage SwitchgearMedium Voltage Switchgear

5 kV, 15 kV and 27 kV5 kV, 15 kV and 27 kV

•• Equipment Should be Manufactured to the Equipment Should be Manufactured to the following Standards: ANSI, NEMA, ULfollowing Standards: ANSI, NEMA, UL

•• All Equipment Should be listed and All Equipment Should be listed and labeled in UL labeled in UL under the Manufacturer’s under the Manufacturer’s namenamenamename

Page 58: Russ Electric

Low Voltage SwitchgearLow Voltage Switchgearg gg g

•• Metal enclosed constructionMetal enclosed construction

•• Two UL Standards apply:Two UL Standards apply:

•• Metal enclosed constructionMetal enclosed construction

891891•• 891891

•• 15581558

Two bus bracing ratings:Two bus bracing ratings:

•• Bus sizes: 1000 through 10,000 Bus sizes: 1000 through 10,000 amperesamperes

•• Two bus bracing ratings:Two bus bracing ratings:

•• 100 kA100 kA

•• 200 kA200 kA

Page 59: Russ Electric

UL 891

UL 1558

4000A Rated Bus - UL 891 4000A Rated Bus - UL 1558

UL 1558 Switchgear Construction•Built To UL Std. 1558•The Most Robust In Terms Of BusWork, Bracing, Insulation, And

UL 1558 Switchgear Construction•Built To UL Std. 1558•The Most Robust In Terms Of BusWork, Bracing, Insulation, And

Switchgear Bus Construction•Built To UL Std. 891•Less Robust Construction•Rated (but not tested) For 65,000 AIC

Switchgear Bus Construction•Built To UL Std. 891•Less Robust Construction•Rated (but not tested) For 65,000 AIC

Short Circuit Withstand•Rated & Tested For 200,000 AIC Short Circuit Withstand

Short Circuit Withstand•Rated & Tested For 200,000 AIC Short Circuit Withstand

Short Circuit WithstandShort Circuit Withstand

Page 60: Russ Electric

UL 891

UL 1558

4000A Rated Bus - UL 891 4000A Rated Bus - UL 1558

Page 61: Russ Electric

More on ConstructionMore on Construction Metal EnclosedMetal EnclosedMore on Construction More on Construction -- Metal Enclosed Metal Enclosed

•• Voltages up to 600 VACVoltages up to 600 VAC

•• Insulated main bus not required Insulated main bus not required

•• Insulated bus joints not requiredInsulated bus joints not requiredInsulated bus joints not requiredInsulated bus joints not required

•• Circuit breakers can either be Circuit breakers can either be fixed mounted or drawfixed mounted or draw--outout

•• DrawDraw--out breakers can have out breakers can have exposed cradle stationary exposed cradle stationary

fixed mounted or drawfixed mounted or draw outout

p yp ycontacts when the breaker contacts when the breaker element is removedelement is removed

•• PT’s are fixed mounted in main PT’s are fixed mounted in main bus compartmentbus compartment

Page 62: Russ Electric

M di V lt S it hM di V lt S it hMedium Voltage SwitchgearMedium Voltage Switchgear

M t lM t l l d t til d t ti

•• UL Standard for MetalUL Standard for Metal--Clad Clad

•• Metal Metal -- clad constructionclad construction

switchgear over 600 VAC switchgear over 600 VAC DLAH Standard for Metal Clad DLAH Standard for Metal Clad Swgr over 600 VoltsSwgr over 600 VoltsSwgr., over 600 VoltsSwgr., over 600 Volts

•• Bus sizes: 1000, 2000 & 3000 Bus sizes: 1000, 2000 & 3000

•• Bus braced for 1000 MVA Bus braced for 1000 MVA

amperesamperes

Page 63: Russ Electric

More on ConstructionMore on Construction Metal CladMetal Clad•• Voltages above 600 VACVoltages above 600 VAC

More on Construction More on Construction -- Metal Clad Metal Clad

•• Insulated main bus Insulated main bus

•• Insulated bus jointsInsulated bus joints

Ci it b k t h h tt tCi it b k t h h tt t

Insulated bus jointsInsulated bus joints

•• Circuit breakers must be drawCircuit breakers must be draw--outout

•• Circuit breakers must have shutters to Circuit breakers must have shutters to barrier cradle stationary contacts barrier cradle stationary contacts when the breaker element is removedwhen the breaker element is removed

•• PT’s required to be drawPT’s required to be draw--out with automatic out with automatic disconnect means or fixed mounted in an isolated disconnect means or fixed mounted in an isolated compartment accessible only after power compartment accessible only after power removed removed

Page 64: Russ Electric

More on ConstructionMore on Construction Metal CladMetal CladMore on Construction More on Construction -- Metal Clad Metal Clad

Page 65: Russ Electric

More on ConstructionMore on Construction Metal CladMetal CladMore on Construction More on Construction -- Metal Clad Metal Clad

Page 66: Russ Electric

More on ConstructionMore on Construction Metal CladMetal CladMore on Construction More on Construction -- Metal Clad Metal Clad

Page 67: Russ Electric

Critical Facilities and Built in RedundancyCritical Facilities and Built in Redundancy

Page 68: Russ Electric

Does Your BackDoes Your Back--up System Have a Backup System Have a Back--up System?up System?

Page 69: Russ Electric

Important Questions & ConsiderationsImportant Questions & Considerations

Cost, in terms of life safety or financial loss, as the result of a catastrophic power Cost, in terms of life safety or financial loss, as the result of a catastrophic power Cost, in terms of life safety or financial loss, as the result of a catastrophic power Cost, in terms of life safety or financial loss, as the result of a catastrophic power

Important Questions & ConsiderationsImportant Questions & Considerations

, y , p p, y , p pfailure.failure.

, y , p p, y , p pfailure.failure.

In the case of healthcare, you may be thinking: “One can never put a price on life andIn the case of healthcare, you may be thinking: “One can never put a price on life andIn the case of healthcare, you may be thinking: “One can never put a price on life andIn the case of healthcare, you may be thinking: “One can never put a price on life andIn the case of healthcare, you may be thinking: One can never put a price on life and In the case of healthcare, you may be thinking: One can never put a price on life and limb”…limb”…In the case of healthcare, you may be thinking: One can never put a price on life and In the case of healthcare, you may be thinking: One can never put a price on life and limb”…limb”…

Or in the case of protecting data, you may be thinking: Or in the case of protecting data, you may be thinking: “The cost of an outage would far exceed that of any price differential in emergency “The cost of an outage would far exceed that of any price differential in emergency equipment, or maybe even the cost of an entire system”…equipment, or maybe even the cost of an entire system”…

Or in the case of protecting data, you may be thinking: Or in the case of protecting data, you may be thinking: “The cost of an outage would far exceed that of any price differential in emergency “The cost of an outage would far exceed that of any price differential in emergency equipment, or maybe even the cost of an entire system”…equipment, or maybe even the cost of an entire system”…

UpUp--front cost of Original Equipment is a Major Considerationfront cost of Original Equipment is a Major ConsiderationUpUp--front cost of Original Equipment is a Major Considerationfront cost of Original Equipment is a Major Consideration

Page 70: Russ Electric

When considering the criticality of protecting facilities from power outages, it’s When considering the criticality of protecting facilities from power outages, it’s prudent to be aware of the differences in design philosophies between the various prudent to be aware of the differences in design philosophies between the various manufacturers of emergency power equipment.manufacturers of emergency power equipment.

When considering the criticality of protecting facilities from power outages, it’s When considering the criticality of protecting facilities from power outages, it’s prudent to be aware of the differences in design philosophies between the various prudent to be aware of the differences in design philosophies between the various manufacturers of emergency power equipment.manufacturers of emergency power equipment.

Page 71: Russ Electric

Depending on the facility, a power control system Depending on the facility, a power control system which provides full manual backwhich provides full manual back--up to insure a meansup to insure a meanswhich provides full manual backwhich provides full manual back up to insure a means up to insure a means for controlling the system in the event of complete PLC for controlling the system in the event of complete PLC failure my be a wise choice.failure my be a wise choice.

Manual ControlsManual ControlsDigitalDigitalControlControl

Let us consider the importance of redundant Let us consider the importance of redundant Digital ControlDigital ControlDigital Control …Digital Control …

Page 72: Russ Electric

Dual Redundant PLC’s, running in tandemDual Redundant PLC’s, running in tandem(Hot Back(Hot Back--up)up)

Dual Redundant PLC’s, running in tandemDual Redundant PLC’s, running in tandem(Hot Back(Hot Back--up)up)

With Separate and Distributed I/O Rack in the Master CubicleWith Separate and Distributed I/O Rack in the Master CubicleWith Separate and Distributed I/O Rack in the Master CubicleWith Separate and Distributed I/O Rack in the Master Cubicle

Page 73: Russ Electric

Why is Full Manual BackWhy is Full Manual Back--up important?up important?Why is Full Manual BackWhy is Full Manual Back--up important?up important?Why is Full Manual BackWhy is Full Manual Back--up important?...up important?...Why is Full Manual BackWhy is Full Manual Back--up important?...up important?...

Page 74: Russ Electric

In complex and critical applications, where you may someday be reduced to relying on pure manual In complex and critical applications, where you may someday be reduced to relying on pure manual control control ––as a result of a major failure, you really need an isolated, hardwired fully independent means to as a result of a major failure, you really need an isolated, hardwired fully independent means to be able to perform all functions manually.be able to perform all functions manually.

In complex and critical applications, where you may someday be reduced to relying on pure manual In complex and critical applications, where you may someday be reduced to relying on pure manual control control ––as a result of a major failure, you really need an isolated, hardwired fully independent means to as a result of a major failure, you really need an isolated, hardwired fully independent means to be able to perform all functions manually.be able to perform all functions manually.

It’s vital to be able to:It’s vital to be able to:It’s vital to be able to:It’s vital to be able to:

••Be in a quiet area, away from engine noise to calmly navigate your system through a crisis period.Be in a quiet area, away from engine noise to calmly navigate your system through a crisis period.••Be in a quiet area, away from engine noise to calmly navigate your system through a crisis period.Be in a quiet area, away from engine noise to calmly navigate your system through a crisis period.

••Be able to control engines… Start them, get them synchronized and paralleled to the Emergency Bus… Be able to control engines… Start them, get them synchronized and paralleled to the Emergency Bus… Perform Load Shed, load add functions…Perform Load Shed, load add functions…••Be able to control engines… Start them, get them synchronized and paralleled to the Emergency Bus… Be able to control engines… Start them, get them synchronized and paralleled to the Emergency Bus… Perform Load Shed, load add functions…Perform Load Shed, load add functions…

••Be able to control the system as it relates to the Utility side of the infrastructureBe able to control the system as it relates to the Utility side of the infrastructureUtility paralleling, metering, tie breaker control, etc.Utility paralleling, metering, tie breaker control, etc.••Be able to control the system as it relates to the Utility side of the infrastructureBe able to control the system as it relates to the Utility side of the infrastructureUtility paralleling, metering, tie breaker control, etc.Utility paralleling, metering, tie breaker control, etc.

Page 75: Russ Electric

Please be aware that:Please be aware that:Please be aware that:Please be aware that:

••Some manufacturers offer packages with no means of hardwired manual backSome manufacturers offer packages with no means of hardwired manual back upup••Some manufacturers offer packages with no means of hardwired manual backSome manufacturers offer packages with no means of hardwired manual back upup••Some manufacturers offer packages with no means of hardwired manual backSome manufacturers offer packages with no means of hardwired manual back--up.up.••Some manufacturers offer packages with no means of hardwired manual backSome manufacturers offer packages with no means of hardwired manual back--up.up.

••Some offer full manual backSome offer full manual back--up, but only outside of their standard package.up, but only outside of their standard package.••Some offer full manual backSome offer full manual back--up, but only outside of their standard package.up, but only outside of their standard package.

••Some offer semi manual backSome offer semi manual back--up, where some functions and controls are hardwired, with metering up, where some functions and controls are hardwired, with metering remaining digital (virtual).remaining digital (virtual).••Some offer semi manual backSome offer semi manual back--up, where some functions and controls are hardwired, with metering up, where some functions and controls are hardwired, with metering remaining digital (virtual).remaining digital (virtual).

Page 76: Russ Electric

Typical Control PackageTypical Control PackageTypical Control PackageTypical Control Package

••Navigation Screen Navigation Screen ••System Oneline System Oneline ••System LegendSystem LegendSystem Legend System Legend ••ATS Oneline ATS Oneline ••Transfer Controls Transfer Controls ••Transfer Control Help Transfer Control Help E i S t i t d St tE i S t i t d St t••Engine Setpoints and Status Engine Setpoints and Status

••Engine Setpoints and Status Help Engine Setpoints and Status Help ••Engine Metering Engine Metering ••Generator Demand Generator Demand ••Generator Demand Help Generator Demand Help ••Load Control Setpoints Load Control Setpoints ••Load Control Setpoints Help Load Control Setpoints Help Load PrioritiesLoad Priorities••Load Priorities Load Priorities

••Load Priorities Help Load Priorities Help ••System Information System Information ••Programmed Alarms Programmed Alarms gg

Page 77: Russ Electric
Page 78: Russ Electric

SCADASCADA

SYSTEMSYSTEM•• SYSTEMSYSTEM•• CONTROLCONTROL

•• DATADATA••ANDANDDATA DATA

•• ACQUISITIONACQUISITION

Page 79: Russ Electric

Consider any Existing Site CriteriaConsider any Existing Site Criteriay gy gBefore Developing the SCADA SystemBefore Developing the SCADA System

Page 80: Russ Electric

An active oneAn active one--line for system simulation line for system simulation An active oneAn active one--line for system simulation line for system simulation ac e o eac e o e e o sys e s u a oe o sys e s u a oand/or control. and/or control.

ac e o eac e o e e o sys e s u a oe o sys e s u a oand/or control. and/or control.

Page 81: Russ Electric

To follow are Various To follow are Various SCADA examplesSCADA examples

Page 82: Russ Electric

S t OS t O LiLiSystem OneSystem One--LineLine

Fully CustomizableFully CustomizableFully Customizable Fully Customizable to your Preference, to your Preference, Line WeightsLine WeightsLine Weights, Line Weights, Colors & GraphicsColors & Graphics

From Simple...From Simple...

Page 83: Russ Electric

T C lT C lTo ComplexTo Complex

Page 84: Russ Electric

O M C l !O M C l !Or More Complex!Or More Complex!

Page 85: Russ Electric

E lE lExampleExample

Page 86: Russ Electric

E lE lExampleExample

Page 87: Russ Electric

E lE lExampleExample

Page 88: Russ Electric

Not All SCADA is Not All SCADA is the Same, so the Same, so Our Designs Our Designs ggMeet all Meet all Requirements.Requirements.qq

Page 89: Russ Electric

Active Alarm LegendActive Alarm Legend

Active alarms show Active alarms show RealReal time Hightime HighRealReal--time High time High

Priority Situations Priority Situations that need to bethat need to bethat need to be that need to be

Rectified Rectified ImmediatelyImmediatelyImmediatelyImmediately

Page 90: Russ Electric

Al & E t Hi tAl & E t Hi t

Event History ConfigurableEvent History Configurable

Alarm & Event HistoryAlarm & Event History

Event History Configurable Event History Configurable Log File stored on Log File stored on computer hard drive forcomputer hard drive forcomputer hard drive for computer hard drive for 365 days, very useful for 365 days, very useful for problem diagnosticsproblem diagnosticsproblem diagnostics.problem diagnostics.

Page 91: Russ Electric

Setpoints PopSetpoints Pop--up Screenup Screen

Password ProtectedPassword ProtectedPassword ProtectedPassword Protected

Setpoints are AdjustableSetpoints are Adjustable

Timers Give Actual Timers Give Actual ValuesValuesValuesValues

Write Back to PLCWrite Back to PLCWrite Back to PLCWrite Back to PLC

Page 92: Russ Electric

Historical TrendingHistorical Trending

Page 93: Russ Electric

Trending Files Also Trending Files Also St d H dSt d H dStored on Hard Stored on Hard Drive for Later Drive for Later

R iR iReviewReview

24 hour Load24 hour Load24 hour Load 24 hour Load Demand TrendingDemand Trending

Page 94: Russ Electric

Display Priority Display Priority ScreenScreen

Page 95: Russ Electric

Communications Screen Communications Screen 11

Page 96: Russ Electric

Communications Screen Communications Screen 22

Page 97: Russ Electric

Switchgear ElevationSwitchgear Elevation

Page 98: Russ Electric

Control Room ElevationControl Room Elevation

Page 99: Russ Electric

Critical Distribution ElevationCritical Distribution Elevation

Page 100: Russ Electric

Substation ElevationSubstation Elevation

Page 101: Russ Electric

UPS Elevation #1UPS Elevation #1

Page 102: Russ Electric

Controls Zoom In #1Controls Zoom In #1

Page 103: Russ Electric

Controls are password Controls are password protected and display or controlprotected and display or controlprotected and display or control protected and display or control plant status and operations.plant status and operations.

Real Time FunctionalityReal Time FunctionalityReal Time FunctionalityReal Time Functionality

Page 104: Russ Electric

Web View for Remote Access Web View for Remote Access & Operation of Plant & Operation of Plant

--Password ProtectedPassword Protected--

(Web Access Suite Voyager(Web Access Suite Voyager ))(Web Access Suite Voyager(Web Access Suite Voyagertmtm))

Page 105: Russ Electric