russian history and culture eleanor joyce city of salem schools salem, virginia

Russian History and Russian History and CultureCulture

Eleanor JoyceEleanor JoyceCity of Salem SchoolsCity of Salem Schools

Salem, VirginiaSalem, Virginia

Russian HistoryRussian History► 1861—Serfs freed1861—Serfs freed► 1904-05: War with Japan1904-05: War with Japan► 1917: Bolshevik Revolution, Czar overthrown1917: Bolshevik Revolution, Czar overthrown► 1924: Lenin dies1924: Lenin dies► 1924-53: Stalin in power, 30 million killed in 1924-53: Stalin in power, 30 million killed in

war/oppositionwar/opposition► 1939-45: World War II “Great Patriotic War”1939-45: World War II “Great Patriotic War”► 1941-45: Russia allied with US/UK1941-45: Russia allied with US/UK► 1953: Stalin dies, Khrushchev promotes “peaceful 1953: Stalin dies, Khrushchev promotes “peaceful

coexistence”coexistence”► 1955: Warsaw Pact1955: Warsaw Pact► 1962: Cuban Missile Crisis1962: Cuban Missile Crisis► 1964: Brezhnev boots out Khrushchev1964: Brezhnev boots out Khrushchev► 1984 and 1985: Andropov, Chernenko die1984 and 1985: Andropov, Chernenko die► 1985: Gorbachev becomes Premier1985: Gorbachev becomes Premier► 1991: Yeltsin takes over, Russian Federation formed, 1991: Yeltsin takes over, Russian Federation formed,

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) formedCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS) formed► 1993: New Constitution1993: New Constitution

The Gorbachev Era (1985-91)The Gorbachev Era (1985-91)►Reforms:Reforms:

►Perestroika—economic restructuringPerestroika—economic restructuring

►Glasnost—political reforms/opennessGlasnost—political reforms/openness

GovernmentGovernmentThe Kremlin is Russia's mythic refuge, a self contained city with a multitude of palaces, armories, and churches, a medieval fortress that links the modern nation to its legendary past.

All photos on the page from http://www.galenfrysinger.com/moscow_2001.htmno copyright

The center of Russian The center of Russian GovernmentGovernment

Red Square in MoscowRed Square in Moscow

http://www.coolfamily.com/Siberia/02%20Entering%20Red%20Square.JPGno copyright

An example of the rapidly built, pre-An example of the rapidly built, pre-fabricated, apartment complexes builtfabricated, apartment complexes built

throughout the Soviet Union during the rule of throughout the Soviet Union during the rule of the Communist to ensure all people had the Communist to ensure all people had

adequate housing. adequate housing.

http://www.marxists.org/history/ussr/art/photography/workers/index.htmUsed with permission

Completed apartment building. This is typical Completed apartment building. This is typical of hundreds of apartments built throughout of hundreds of apartments built throughout

the Soviet Union. The apartments were small the Soviet Union. The apartments were small and crowded. Families shared bathrooms and crowded. Families shared bathrooms


CultureCulture

The main religion is the The main religion is the Russian Orthodox Russian Orthodox Church. The Church Church. The Church architecture is architecture is distinguished by the distinguished by the presence of the onion presence of the onion dome. The photo is of dome. The photo is of St. Basil’s cathedral in St. Basil’s cathedral in Red Square in Moscow.Red Square in Moscow.

http://www.galenfrysinger.com/russia.htmno copyright

Structure of the Christian Structure of the Christian ChurchChurch

Created by EJoyce using Inspiration Software

CultureCulture

Icons are displayed Icons are displayed on the walls and on on the walls and on special stands in the special stands in the Eastern Orthodox Eastern Orthodox Church to remind Church to remind believers about believers about Jesus Christ and Jesus Christ and events in his life, events in his life, and about the and about the saints.saints.

Mother of GodJesus Christ

People kiss icons and light candles in front of them to show that they love the person who is shown in the icon. These actions are also signs of asking the person shown on the icon for help or for a blessing.

http://www.request.org.uk/main/churches/orthodox/christ.jpgNo copyright

CultureCulture

Bolshoy TheatreBolshoy Theatre

Bolshoy is considered Bolshoy is considered one of the best opera one of the best opera and ballet theatres in and ballet theatres in Europe and the world. Europe and the world. As with many other As with many other things, tickets for things, tickets for foreigners are more foreigners are more expensive than for expensive than for Russian citizens Russian citizens

http://www.nssnt.org/SpaceBallet_files/image005.jpgno copyright information

Culture-The circus is popular in Culture-The circus is popular in RussiaRussia

http://www.armory.com/~alexia/trip/moscow-jpg/Circus-Acrobat3.jpg Picture copyright 1997 Sandy and Bela Lubkin, all rights reserved. Used with permission

► http://www.armory.com/~alexia/trip/moscow-jpg/Circus-Horses-1.jpg Picture http://www.armory.com/~alexia/trip/moscow-jpg/Circus-Horses-1.jpg Picture copyright 1997 Sandy and Bela Lubkin, all rights reserved. Used with permissioncopyright 1997 Sandy and Bela Lubkin, all rights reserved. Used with permission

http://www.armory.com/~alexia/trip/moscow-jpg/Circus-Acrobat-2.jpgPicture copyright 1997 Sandy and Bela Lubkin, all rights reserved Used with permission

Culture-Culture-The art and architecture of the Moscow metro. A The art and architecture of the Moscow metro. A painted mural that honors the workers inside a metro painted mural that honors the workers inside a metro stationstation

http://www.armory.com/~alexia/trip/moscow-jpg/MetroKomsomolskayaMural-2.jpgPicture copyright 1997 Sandy and Bela Lubkin, all rights reserved. Used with permission

Culture-Culture-The Moscow metro stations compete with The Moscow metro stations compete with some of the most beautiful buildings in some of the most beautiful buildings in MoscowMoscow

http://www.geocities.com/bmetro1/moscow.htmlpermission requested

Beautiful photos of the metro can be viewed at this site and inserted on this slide

CultureCulture

Russian wooden dolls within smaller dolls were called matryoshka. In old Russian among peasants the name Matryona or Matriosha was a very popular female name. Scholars says this name has a Latin root "mater" and means "Mother". This name was associated with the image of of a mother of a big peasant family who was very healthy and had a portly figure.

http://cgi.ebay.com/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=2926072723&category=2391no copyright

CultureCulture

Samovar is a Samovar is a Russian tea pot. Tea Russian tea pot. Tea was introduced to was introduced to Russia in the 17Russia in the 17thth century by the century by the Mongolians. Tea Mongolians. Tea was first used as a was first used as a medicine for the medicine for the nobility.nobility.

http://cgi.ebay.com/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=3517635552&category=4174No copyright information

Culture—Faberge EggsCulture—Faberge Eggs

http://users.vnet.net/schulman/Faberge/eggs.html#illusno copyright

Around 1885, Russian jeweler Peter Carl Fabergé took the decoration of eggs to new heights. He volunteered to create a jewelry egg for Czar Alexander III to give his wife, Marie. Fabergé kept the egg a secret, but delighted the royal family with an ordinary looking "egg," but with tiny surprises made of gold, enamel, and precious gems inside.

Russian VillageRussian Village

http://www.coolfamily.com/Siberia/22%20Buryat%20village-Khuzhir.JPGno copyright

Portable Yurts are homes for Portable Yurts are homes for nomads in northern Russianomads in northern Russia

http://www.dreamchange.org/library/yurt.jpgno copyright

Natural gas is Natural gas is transported transported through pipelines through pipelines in the taiga in the taiga forest.forest.

http://www.marxists.org/history/ussr/art/photography/workers/misc/used with permission for educational purposes

Shipping Natural Resources

Citizens at work in the USSRCitizens at work in the USSR

An assembly line worker workers on the axel of the car. Every An assembly line worker workers on the axel of the car. Every workplace in the Soviet Union provided more than just work — they workplace in the Soviet Union provided more than just work — they also provided a variety of social services related to work and pro-also provided a variety of social services related to work and pro-actively built a sense of community among workers. actively built a sense of community among workers. (circa 1980s)(circa 1980s)



►A worker A worker operates a operates a silk spinning silk spinning machine. machine.



A forklift operator. A forklift operator.

(circa 1980s)(circa 1980s)



A worker and his family float timber A worker and his family float timber down the river. down the river. (circa 1950s(circa 1950s



Men working beside women, lever a section of the Trans-Siberian Men working beside women, lever a section of the Trans-Siberian railroad track into place. In some places the track cannot be used for railroad track into place. In some places the track cannot be used for two years because the permafrost will move and settle the tracks. two years because the permafrost will move and settle the tracks. The railway crossed seven mountain ranges, spanned 3,700 gorges, The railway crossed seven mountain ranges, spanned 3,700 gorges, swamps, streams and rivers.swamps, streams and rivers.. .


The results of unchecked The results of unchecked pollutionpollution

Magnitogorsk, Russia. 1993 - On winter Sundays, men Magnitogorsk, Russia. 1993 - On winter Sundays, men gather to drill fishing holes in the thick ice covering the gather to drill fishing holes in the thick ice covering the Ural River. Knowing that the river is highly polluted by Ural River. Knowing that the river is highly polluted by waste water from one of the world’s largest steel plants, waste water from one of the world’s largest steel plants, they often sell their catch rather than consume it they often sell their catch rather than consume it themselves themselves

http://www.digitaljournalist.org/issue9909/pollution01.htmPermission granted for educational purposes


Moscow, Russia. 1993 - Several clusters of children with Moscow, Russia. 1993 - Several clusters of children with missing forearms were discovered in Moscow like the missing forearms were discovered in Moscow like the eight shown here. All these hemi-melia births, as eight shown here. All these hemi-melia births, as scientists call them, occurred between 1985 and 1990 in scientists call them, occurred between 1985 and 1990 in two neighborhoods. Although no certain links can be two neighborhoods. Although no certain links can be drawn between these birth defects and Moscow's drawn between these birth defects and Moscow's bewildering mix of pollutants (dioxin, military plants, bewildering mix of pollutants (dioxin, military plants, trash incinerators etc.), most scientific research points to trash incinerators etc.), most scientific research points to pollution as a cause. pollution as a cause. http://www.digitaljournalist.org/issue9909/pollution01.htm

Permission granted for educational purposes


Semey, Kazakhstan. 1993 - Blind and disfigured from birth, 13-year-old Berik Sysdykov lives downwind of the old Semipalatinsk test site in northeastern Kazakhstan, where inhabitants attribute a plague of birth defects to nuclear fallout. Between 1949 and 1989 nearly 500 nuclear devices were detonated here. most scientific research points to pollution as a cause.



Kiev, Ukraine. 1993 - Baffling cases of allergies and dermatological diseases among children like this one afflicted with skin disease, are raising alarm among parents and doctors who attribute the rise in the number of diseases to the Chernobyl accident and pollutants from nearby industrial centers. http://www.digitaljournalist.org/issue9909/pollution01.htm

Permission granted for educational purposes


Baku, Azerbaijan. 1993With forests of oil rigs in their back yard the children of suburban Baku have learned to use the vicious pools of runoff from dilapidated and leaky pumps as substitutes for missing playgrounds.



People collect kerosene that leaks from underground tanks. It is so much kerosene that people have started to dig wells and ditches in the ground to collect about 600 liters per day. The "kerosene-exploration" has become a commercial venture. Students or pensioners are employed to work in shifts around the clock, and a certain percentage of the profit goes to the local mafia. A teacher said that 2 days of collecting kerosene equals his monthly salary.




In Novokuznetsk, Russia, KMK (Kuznetsk Metallurgical Kombinate) a huge steel plant and the main polluter in town, is belching thick smoke filled with carbon monoxide into the Siberian sky.

russian history and culture eleanor joyce city of salem schools salem, virginia

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