s 1 dr. k. hernaut02 / 04. s 2 the introduction of bachelor- master programme in germany...
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
s 2
Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
The Introduction of Bachelor-Master
Programme in Germany
Industry’s Perspective
Dr. Kruno Hernaut
TechnoTN-2004Brussels, 13th Feb 2004
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
Akademiingeniør
Bachelor of Arts
Bachelor of Engineering
Bachelor of Science
Civilingeniør
Civilingenjör
Diplom-Ingenieur
Diplom-Ingenieur ETH
Diplom-Ingenieur (FH)
Diplomi-Insinöör
Diplomirani Inženir
Doktor-Ingenieur
Dottore in Ingegneria
Example:Variety of academic engineering titles in Europe
Engenheiro
Europa-Ingenieur
Ingenieur (grad.)
Ingeniør
Inginer
Insinööri
Ingeniero Químico
Ingeniero Superior
Ingeniero Técnico
Ingénieur civil
Ingénieur diplomé
Ingénieur industriel
Ingénieur technicien
Inženyr
Inžinier
Inżynier
Magister Inżynier
Master of Arts
Master of Engineering
Master of Science
Okleveles mérnök
Okleveles üzemmérnök
Sivilingeniør
Teknikfræðingur
Teknikumingeniør
Verkfræðingur
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
What are the differences ?
different types of universities
different degree levels
different degree profiles
different titles
different lengths of study
Variety of educational systems
Criteria relevant for the labour market:
Competence Level
Competence Profile
No clear correlation with the Title !
Criteria relevant for the labour market:
Competence Level
Competence Profile
No clear correlation with the Title !
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
FCD(Bachelor)
SCD(Master)
TCD(Doctorate)
Consecutive
UndergraduateStudy
3 - 4 Years
GraduateStudy
1 - 2 Years
PostgraduateStudy
3 - 4 YearsLong
Doctorate
4 - 5 Years
Graduate school
Typical options for Higher Education Systems
First Cycle
Third Cycle
Second Cycle
UK, IR, Global Standard
LongStudy Programme
~ 5 Years
Doctorate
~ 3 Years
ShortStudy Programme
3 - 4 Years
Continental Europe
Short Integrated
UndergraduateStudy
3 - 4 Years
GraduateStudy
1 - 2 Years
PostgraduateStudy
3 - 4 Years
European Higher Education System
(“Bologna”)
European Higher Education System
(“Bologna”)
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
Research University
Traditional Continental Europe vs Global Standard
SCD level
FCD level
CompatibleMobility Channels
Master
GraduateStudy
Global Standard
Bachelor
UndergraduateStudy
Short Degree
"Short" engineering
program
(4 years)
Long Degree
"Long" engineering
program
(5 years)
Applied University
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
SCD level
FCD level
Advanced level
Compatibility problems
Long Degree
"Long" engineering
program
Short Degree
"Short" engineering
program
GraduateStudy
UndergraduateStudy
Global Standard
?
No added valueNo added valueNo defined entryNo defined entry
Forget it !Forget it !
Basics Basics Basics
?
Back
to th
e Ba
sics
!
Basic levelDef
icit
Def
icit
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
New EHES ProgramsTraditional Programs
Second Cycle Degree SCD
First Cycle Degree FCDUniversity
“ Dipl.-Ing. ”
» Long «
5 years
University of Applied
Sciences
“ Dipl.-Ing. ”
» Short «
4 years
All HEI
“ Bachelor “
» 1st Cycle «
3 - 4 years
All HEI
“ Master “
» 2nd Cycle «
1 - 2 years
Implementation of Bologna Declaration in Germany
German Industry
welcomes the EHES
German Industry
welcomes the EHES
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
New HE Legislation in Germany (since 1998) says:
Bachelor's and Master's degree must qualify for the
profession (relevance for the labor market)
Program duration
Bachelor: 3 - 4 YearsMaster: 1 - 2 YearsBachelor/Master consecutive: max 5 Years
Bachelor and Master programs must be evaluated through an Accreditation System
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
Equivalency of traditional and EHES degrees :
Equivalencies
Diplom Univ Master
Diplom (FH) Bachelor (hons)
The traditional Diplom degree at University of Applied Sciences is
considered as equivalent to the four years Bachelor honours degree
The traditional Diplom and Magister degrees at University are considered
as equivalent to the new Master degree
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
Theoretical and practical portions of required competencein industry
Research &Development
ProductDevelopment,Design
Production,Installation,Service
Engineering,Sales,Marketing
Theoretical / Abstract Competence
Practical / Concrete Competence
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
Industry's need is different qualification profiles
R & DDesign
Engineering, MarketingProduction
Installation, Service
Ingenieur
Practical / ConcreteCompetence
Theoretical / AbstractCompetence Basic Research
University(Theory based)
Univ. of Appl. Sci.(Application oriented)
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
Qualification profiles in Bologna programs
SCD levelSCD level
R & DDesign
Engineering, MarketingProduction
Installation, Service
Basic ResearchTheoretical / AbstractCompetence
Practical / ConcreteCompetence
FCD levelFCD level
Employability(Dipl.-Ing. Standard)
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
Variety of new Programs at German Universities
Diplom-Ingenieur
Master of ScienceMaster of Engineering
Universities
Bachelor levelFCD
Master level
SCD
Profilemore theory
oriented
more application
oriented
Bachelor of ScienceBachelor of Engineering
Lev
el
Master of ScienceMaster of Engineering
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
Industry's recommendation for content in an Engineering Program
Ingenieur
Depth of Qualification
Width of Qualification
Technology Base
Application Base &
Problem SolvingMethodology
Scientific Base
~30 % ~30 %
~25 %
PersonalSkills
~15 %
Thesis (Project)
Industry Placement
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
POWER = WORK / TIME
Many universities focus on delivering deep knowledge.But what is the value of knowledge ?
TIME = MONEY
KNOWLEDGE = POWERSocial Science
Physics
Business
POWER = WORK / TIME
MONEY = WORK / KNOWLEDGE
POWER = WORK / MONEYKNOWLEDGE = WORK / MONEY
ConclusionConclusion
The more you know ...
... the less you earn ...
... regardless of work !
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
Industry's recommendation for content in an Engineering Program
Ingenieur
Depth of Qualification
Width of Qualification
Technology Base
Application Base &
Problem SolvingMethodology
Scientific Base
~30 % ~30 %
~25 %
PersonalSkills
~15 %
Thesis (Project)
Industry Placement
Basics
Engineering
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
Global StandardResearch University
SCD level
FCD level
MasterEngineering
Bachelor
Engineering
Basics
Basics
Basic level
Advanced level
Transition of "Long Education" to two-cycle System
Basics
Long Degree
Engineering
Master
Engineering
BachelorEngineering
Basics
Integrative approach
Lack of compatibility
Lack of compatibility
Problems
Not wellbalancedNot wellbalanced
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
Transition of "Long Education" to two-cycle System
Global StandardResearch University
SCD level
FCD level
Engineering
Engineering
Basics
Basics
Basics
Long Degree
Engineering
Engineering
Basics
Industry‘s recommendation: New Bachelor Program
Engineering
BasicsAdvanced level
Basic level
Compatible solution
Compatible solution
BalancedProgramsBalancedPrograms
Advan
ced
Basics
Basic
Basics
Advan
ced
Eng
Basic
Eng
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
Americas
RoEuropeGermany
Asia / Pacific
Recruiting of Graduates with University Degree (2002)
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
FCD ~ 80 %
SCD ~ 20 %
RoEurope
Recruiting of Graduates with First and Second Cycle Degree
SCD
25 %
FCD
75 %
SCD15 %
FCD
85 %
SCD15 %
FCD
85 %SCD
60 %FCD
40 %
AmericasAsia Germany
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
Berufsausübung mit Master-Abschluß
Voraussichtliches Qualifizierungsverhalten eines Ingenieurjahrganges im eingeschwungenen Bachelor-Master-Ausbildungssystem
Master-Studium( 20 %)
Nach 10 Jahren
( 40 %)
Berufsausübung mit Bachelor-Abschluß
( 80 %)
Unmittelbar nach dem Bachelor-Abschluß
( 60 %)
Berufsbegleitendes
Master-Studium
(~ 20 %)Bachelor-
Studium
(100 %)
Absolventen-Jahrgang
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
Conclusions
Industry welcomes the Bologna process
Industry recommends rapid implementation
FCD programs must lead to employability
Quality improvement and international
recognition through accreditation
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04
End Ladies and Gentlemen.Thank you for your attention ...
Ladies and Gentlemen.Thank you for your attention ...
... questions and discussionare appreciated
... questions and discussionare appreciated
Dr. Kruno Hernaut
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Dr. K. Hernaut 02 / 04