s p -4/5: neuartige kollektorsysteme aus …ipmt.jku.at/171004 iea shc task54 verbreitungstagung...
TRANSCRIPT
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SOLPOL-4/5: NEUARTIGE KOLLEKTORSYSTEME AUS KUNSTSTOFF
MOTIVATION, ZIELSETZUNGEN UND HIGHLIGHTS
Reinhold W. LANG,
Gernot M. WALLNER und Jrg FISCHER
Institute of Polymeric Materials and Testing
Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria
Tagung: IEA SHC Task 54Kosteneffiziente solarthermische SystemeJohannes Kepler Universitt Linz
04. Oktober, 2017
A science-driven Austrian research initiative by JKU-IPMT
for innovations in solar technologies with polymeric materials
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Development of Plastics & Steel(annual production in terms of volume)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
mill. m3
Based on data fromPlastics Europe andInternational Iron &Steel Institute (IISI)
Plastics
Steel
Polymer production (worldwide 2014)
- ca. 311 mio. t/year
- ca. 5-6 % AAGR (since 1960)
7 key success factors of plastics
Plastics and polymer composites/hybrids still exhibit an exceptional
innovation, growth & growth rate potential, unmatched by other materials.
?
Properties wide range and tailorable
property profiles
Design high design flexibility;
large potential for multi-
functional integration
Processing excellent processability
Economy cost efficient products
Ecology energy efficient
products/applications
Innovation still outstanding &
extraordinary potential
Growth essentially no resource
Potential limitation
PLASTICS MATERIALS OF THE 21. CENTURY
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Kunststoffe sind vielfltig einsetzbar und durchdringen alle Lebensbereiche
Medizintechnik
Verpackung (1)
(inkl. Gtertransport/Logistik)
Feinwerk-
technik
LinsenhalterDVD-Player
3 mm
Infrastruktur-
& Bautechnik (2)
Information, Telekommunikation
Mobilitt (3)
Sport/Freizeit
BMW i3
Boeing 787
Simplon
PLASTICS MATERIALS OF THE 21. CENTURY !?
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Development of new plastics
based on new monomersDevelopment of new plastics based
on existing monomers
Innovations by accident(but by diligent work)
Innovations by science(by diligent & systematic work)
Source:
R. Mlhaupt
(UoF, 1994)
From novel materials to needs! From needs to novel materials!
Where are we heading?
From welfare relevant product/energy NEEDS of a global population
to novel, multi-functional MATERIALS
based on an overall SYSTEMS perspective.
PLASTICS WHERE ARE WE HEADING?A HISTORY BASED ATTEMPT FOR AN OUTLOOK
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Ca. 25-30 % of the
global end energy demand
is low temperature heat
T < 100 C
SOLARTHERMAL
collector additions
(worldwide 2016)
21 GWth ~ 15 mio. m2
~ 0.3 mio. tons of material
SOLARTHERMAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESA (FAST) GROWING MARKET ?
SOLARTHERMAL Total Global Capacity
(2006 2016)
Source: RENEWABLES GLOBAL STATUS REPORT (06/2017)
CAGR (2006 2016)
14 % p.a.
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Features of conventional ST collectors
Mostly vacuum glass pipe & flat plate collectors
Multitude of materials with little contribution of polymers
Cost intensive processing and production, assembly
and installation
Vacuum tube
(glass pipe) collectorFlat plate
collector
Novel (nearly)
all-polymeric ST collectors
Sunlumo Technology GmbH
One World Collector
MAGEN eco-Energy
Polymer Collector
GREENoneTEC (concept)
Thermosiphon Polymer
Collector
DIE VISION (2009) NEUE IMPULSE FR SOLARTECHNOLOGIEN
KUNSTSTOFFE ALS INNOVATIONSTREIBER & MOTOR
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DIE VISION (2009) NEUE IMPULSE FR SOLARTECHNOLOGIEN
KUNSTSTOFFE ALS INNOVATIONSTREIBER & MOTOR
bergeordnete Motivation & Zielsetzung von SolPol:
Steigerung der Innovationskraft & Wettbewerbsfhigkeit
sterreichischer Unternehmen im Solartechnologiesektor
durch mittel- und lngerfristige Forschungskooperationen von
Wissenschaft & Wirtschaft und durch
Einbeziehung von Akteuren der gesamten Wertschpfungskette.
2 Hauptbegrndungen fr Polymerwerkstoffe als Innovationstreiber:
Maschneiderbare Eigenschaften und Verarbeitung (Performance)
Kostenreduktion und Wachstumsfhigkeit
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A RESEARCH CONSORTIUM COVERING THE ENTIRE VALUE CREATION CHAIN
MaterialSemi-
finished Product
Component System Market
10 Scientific Partners
19 Company Partners
SOLPOL project platform
Total budget: ~14 mio. EURO
Duration: 2010-2018 (8 years)
OVERALL RESEARCH FIELDS & GOALS:
All-polymeric solar-thermal collector systems
Novel encapsulation materials for PV modules
THE RESEARCH INITIATIVE SOLPOL
FACTS & FIGURES
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AGRU Kunststofftechnik GmbH
ALANOD GmbH & Co. KG
APC Advanced Polymer Compounds
Borealis AG
Calus GmbH
Easol e.U.
Engel Austria GmbH
Gabriel-Chemie Gesellschaft m.b.H.
GREENoneTEC Solarindustrie GmbH
Greiner Technology & Innovation GmbH
KE KELIT Kunststoffwerk Gesellschaft m.b.H.
KIOTO Photovoltaics GmbH
Lenzing Plastics GmbH & Co KG
PerkinElmer Vertriebs GmbH
Schfer GmbH
SENOPLAST KLEPSCH & Co GmbH
Sunlumo Technology GmbH
Sun Master Energiesysteme GmbH
Sunplugged GmbH
COMPANY PARTNERS OF SOLPOL
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The SolPol-4/5 Solar-thermal Performance Pyramid (3 Levels)
MAIN CHALLENGES AND KEY QUESTIONS
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The SolPol-4/5 Solar-thermal Performance Pyramid (3 Levels)
MAIN CHALLENGES AND KEY QUESTIONS
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SOLPOL-4/5 RESEARCH PROGRAMTOWARDS ALL-POLYMERIC COLLECTOR DESIGNS & SYSTEMS
Work Package
(WP) structure
&
interaction with
other projects
WP-02:High-Quality
Non-Pumped Systems
So
lPo
l-1
/2
SolPol-4/5
IEA-SHC Task39 / IEA-SHC Task54
WP-01:Low-Cost
Pumped Systems SC
OO
P
WP-Leader: Sunlumo,
JKU-IPMT
WP-Leader: AEE INTEC,
GoT/GTI
WP-03:Novel Materials and Test Methods
WP-Leader: JKU-IPMT
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Development of new plastics
based on new monomersDevelopment of new plastics based
on existing monomers
Innovations by accident(but by diligent work)
Innovations by science(by diligent & systematic work)
Source:
R. Mlhaupt
(UoF, 1994)
From novel materials to needs! From needs to novel materials!
Where are we heading?
From welfare relevant product/energy NEEDS of a global population
to novel, multi-functional MATERIALS
based on an overall SYSTEMS perspective.
PLASTICS WHERE ARE WE HEADING?A HISTORY BASED ATTEMPT FOR AN OUTLOOK
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THE SOLPOL RESEARCH INITIATIVE OF JKU-IPMT (19/10 COMPANY/SCIENTIFIC PARTNERS)
A Comprehensive Systems & Science Based Approach since 2010
From the planetary/world systems perspective
to the engineering systems/components perspective
to the polymeric materials perspective
with tailored polymeric materials & products
to market penetration & growth?
SOLARTHERMAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESTOWARDS ALL-POLYMERIC COLLECTOR DESIGNS & SYSTEMS
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(1) The planetary/world systems perspective
selection of 5 representative climate regions (Meteonorm)
Lufttemperatur - Standortvergleich
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
Athe
n
Forta
leza
Gra
z
Pret
oria
Pekin
g
Tem
pera
tur
Ta [
C]
Air temperatures
Kumulierte Globalstrahlung geneigt - Standortvergleich
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1.1 31.1 2.3 1.4 1.5 31.5 30.6 30.7 29.8 28.9 28.10 27.11 27.12
Zeit
Glo
bals
trah
lun
g g
en
eig
t
ku
mu
liert
Q [
kW
h/m
]
Athen gen. Fortaleza gen. Graz gen. Pretoria gen. Peking gen.
Global irradiation(cumulated p.a.)
Relative humidity(cumulated p.a.)
0,00
0,10
0,20
0,30
0,40
0,50
0,60
0,70
0,80
0,000 0,020 0,040 0,060 0,080 0,100 0,120
eta
dT/G Km/W
Kollektorkennlinien ber DT / G Einfachplatte ExellD-112 3mm
Doppelstegplatte LT2UV10/2RS17-112 10 mm
Dreifachstegplatte LT2UV10/3RS19-112 10 mm
Solpol2 AP02a Vergleich Abdeckungen von Sabic
Hufigkeiten absolute Feuchte - Standortvergleich
0
500
1000
1500
2000
0-1
2-3
4-5
6-7
8-9
10
-11
12
-13
14
-15
16
-17
18
-19
20
-21
22
-23
24
-25
26
-27
Klassen [g/kgTrL]
Stu
nd
en
[h
/a]
Athen Fortaleza Graz Pretoria Peking
(2) The engineering systems/components perspective
definition of collector type and system (modeling/simulation)
(3) The component specific materials perspective
Quantitative material property
& performance requirements
SOLARTHERMAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESTOWARDS ALL-POLYMERIC COLLECTOR DESIGNS & SYSTEMS
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Temperature and pressure profile of a plastics absorber
Temperature frequency of collector (mean temperature)
Minimum and maximum pressure of absorber
Source:
Ch. Fink, A. Kaiser, R. Hausner
(AEE-INTEC, Gleisdorf, A)
Performance Requirements for All-polymeric ST Collector Systems
SOLARTHERMAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESTOWARDS ALL-POLYMERIC COLLECTOR DESIGNS & SYSTEMS
More in
presentation by
Th. Ramschak
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Example 1: PO absorber material Example 2: PO liner for buried,
large-volume hot-water stores
Service requirement service life: 30+ years
System type & service
requirements pressurized OHC system
service life: 20+ years
region: Graz (Austria)
SOLARTHERMAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESTOWARDS ALL-POLYMERIC COLLECTOR DESIGNS & SYSTEMS
NOVEL POLYOLEFIN-COMPOUNDS FOR SOLARTHERMAL SYSTEMS (BOREALIS, AGRU)
Research goal: Polyolefins (PE, PP) with
15+ C enhanced long-term temperature resistance
(incl. science-based lifetime assessment)
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SOLARTHERMAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESTOWARDS ALL-POLYMERIC COLLECTOR DESIGNS & SYSTEMS
Performance/Price Pyramid of Plastics
Plastics used commercially
for absorbers of
glazed flat plate collectors Performance/Price Requirements
With OH-control:
polyolefins (PE, PP)
thermal stability plus ~15 K
Without OH-control:
high-performance plastics
price reduction to < 6 /kg
Primary overall aims
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SOLARTHERMAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESTOWARDS ALL-POLYMERIC COLLECTOR DESIGNS & SYSTEMS
Planing tool for production of
micro-sized specimens Automated production of
micro-sized specimens with
reproducible geometrical dimensions
and material properties achieved!
Cylinder-head
screw M5x12Stanley RB108
Blade
Body
Clamping
Plate
Aging acceleration via micro-sized specimens(Dissertations: K. Grabmayer, M. Povacz, M. Grabmann )
CNC machining process
Number of micro-sized specimens
produced so far (as of 2011):
> 30,000 for material screening(aging and testing for many in progress)
~ 2,000 for method development
More in
presentation
by M. Grabmann
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SOLARTHERMAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESTOWARDS ALL-POLYMERIC COLLECTOR DESIGNS & SYSTEMS
-20 0 20 40 60 80 10010
0
101
102
103
104
105
Graz
Athens
Pretoria
Fortaleza
Beijing
fr
eq
uen
cie
s, h
/a
absorber temperature, C
Overheating protected
collector system for DHW
(domestic hot water)
OHC collector: Lifetime assessment for extruded PP absorbers
Temperature loading profile
2,4 2,6 2,8 3,0 3,21
10
100
1000
10000
100000
experimental data PP-B2
Gugumus (1999) data 0.1% AO-1
Gugumus (1999) data 0.05% AO-1
predicted data PP-B2
tim
e-t
o-e
mb
rittle
me
nt, d
103 (1/T), K
-1
PP-B2
ongoing
Endurance time extrapolation
Lifetime, years Graz, AT Athens, GR Pretoria, RSA Fortaleza, BR Beijing, CHN
PP-B1 21 15 14 8 23
PP-B2 (Borealis) 32 25 24 15 34
Lifetime modelling:
Extrapolation by Gugumus approach
Cumulative damage model (Miners
rule) failure time (tf)
1 =
=1
=
/ , Quelle: T. Ramschak(AEE INTEC, 2014)
Source: Dissertation M. Povacz (JKU IPMT, 2014)
More in
presentation
by M. Grabmann
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One-World-Solar-Collector
SOLARTHERMAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESTOWARDS ALL-POLYMERIC COLLECTOR DESIGNS & SYSTEMS
THE ONE-WORLD-SOLAR-SYSTEM BY SUNLUMO TECHNOLOGY GMBH
Polymer-made
solar pumping group
with
push-fit connectors
and piping
One-World-Solar-Systemwith polymer-made hot water storage
More in presentation
by R. Buchinger
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2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 61E-06
1E-05
1E-04
1E-03
chlorinated water (5 ppm)
chlorinated water (1 ppm)
deionized water
CT, R = 0.1, f = 10 Hz, 80C PAGF30-C
da/d
N (
mm
/cycle
)
DK (MPa.m0.5)
Specimen
TestsetupTap water
Drinking water
5 ppm Cl
Integrated Storage Collector (ISC)conventional materialswith PA-GF endcaps
working principle
Fatigue crackgrowth kinetics
More in
presentation by
P. BradlerMore in
presentation by
G. Ziegler
SOLARTHERMAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESTOWARDS ALL-POLYMERIC COLLECTOR DESIGNS & SYSTEMS
ALL-POLYMERIC ISC BY GREENONETEC SOLARINDUSTRIE GMBH
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Ecological Assessment: From function units at the materials level to material indices
at the component/systems level
The Ecological Performance PyramidEcological life cycle assessment (ELCA) for
various product and performance levels
Generic
aspects:product- and
application
independent
R.W.Lang, M.Svoboda, H.Kicker
Univ. of Cambridge (UK; 04/2013)
SOLARTHERMAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESTOWARDS ALL-POLYMERIC COLLECTOR DESIGNS & SYSTEMS
One-World-Solar-System
with polymer-made hot water storage Sunlumo Technology GmbH
Source:
H. Kicker et al.(JKU-IPMT, 2015)
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Ecological Assessment: From function units at the materials level to material indices
at the component/systems level
The Ecological Performance PyramidEcological life cycle assessment (ELCA) for
various product and performance levels
Generic
aspects:product- and
application
independent
R.W.Lang, M.Svoboda, H.Kicker
Univ. of Cambridge (UK; 04/2013)
SOLARTHERMAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESTOWARDS ALL-POLYMERIC COLLECTOR DESIGNS & SYSTEMS
One-World-Solar-System
with polymer-made hot water storage Sunlumo Technology GmbH
Source: H. Kicker et al. (JKU-IPMT, 2015)
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All-polymeric solar-thermal
collector systems
Sunlumo Technology GmbH
One World Collector In total, some 50+ academic theses
14+ PhD Dissertations
17+ Masters Thesis
16+ Bachelors Thesis
Some 40+ refereed publications(so far, many more to come!)
More than 100 presentations/talksat nat./internat. conferences & symposia
SolPol directed by:
R. W. Lang & G. M. Wallner
Novel encapsulation polymers
for Photovoltaics
SCIENTIFIC-ACADEMIC
OUTPUT:
Mediainfo:22. Mai 2017
Award Ceremony:28. Mrz 2017
THE JKU SOLPOL RESEARCH INITIATIVESUMMARY AND OUTCOME SO FAR
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Features of conventional ST collectors
Mostly vacuum glass pipe & flat plate collectors
Multitude of materials with little contribution of polymers
Cost intensive processing and production, assembly
and installation
Vacuum tube
(glass pipe) collectorFlat plate
collector
Novel (nearly)
all-polymeric ST collectors
Sunlumo Technology GmbH
One World Collector
MAGEN eco-Energy
Polymer Collector
GREENoneTEC (concept)
Thermosiphon Polymer
Collector
DIE VISION (2009) NEUE IMPULSE FR SOLARTECHNOLOGIEN
KUNSTSTOFFE ALS INNOVATIONSTREIBER & MOTOR