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words)g s6g SofG8L s] xf] <========% (What is Cotton Candy?)g sljx¿nfO{ ;"rgf=============%

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h"g dlxgf nfu]kl5 w]/} :s"n, sn]h / ljZjljBfnox? labf eP . :s"n labfdf 3'Dg hfgsf] ;+Vof a9\5 . ljb]z hfg'k/] xftdf kf;kf]6{ jf 6«fen 8s'd]G6 (Travel Document) / vNtLdf qm]l86 sf8{ eP eOxfNof] eGg] xf]nf . sf8{df k};f / uf8Ldf t]n ePkl5 cd]l/sfe/ ofqf eOxfN5 h:tf] nfU5 . s'/f ;xL xf] Û t/ xf]Og klg Û s]xL hfgsf/L eO/fv] w]/}nfO{ ;lhnf] x'G5 . ofqf ;xh eP dfq kf] 3'Dg uPsf] /dfOnf] x'G5 . xf], To;f] eP cflv/ s] rfxL ug'{k5{ <

ofqfsf nflu rgfvf] tof/L cfjZos x'G5 . cd]l/sfaflx/ / leqsf] ofqfsf] tof/Laf/] oxfF n]lvPsf] 5M ;/sf/sf] ;"rgfs'g} b]zsf] cj:yfsf sf/0f

ToxfF hfg] jf k'u]sf cd]l/sL jfl;Gbf jf gful/ssf] ;'/Iffsf vflt/ ;/sf/n] :jf:Yo jf ;'/Iff ;ts{tfsf nflu ;"rgf hf/L u5{ . o;sf] hfgsf/L :6]6 l8kf6{d]G6 (State Department) sf] j]a;fO6 x]g'{k5{ . s] 6«fen 8s'd]G6 rflxG5 <cd]l/sL gful/sn]

cd]l/sfaflx/ hfg / lkmg{

cd]l/sL kf;kf]6{ k|of]u ug'{k5{ . kf;kf]6{ g} ofqfsf nflu rflxg] sfuhft xf], h;n] tkfO{+sf] kl/ro lbG5 / cd]l/sL gful/s xf] eGg] lrgfpF5 .cd]l/sL ljb]z dGqfno

-l8kf6{d]G6 ckm :6]6_ / cd]l/sfsf b"tfjf;x?n] dfq kf;kf]6{ hf/L ug{ jf xf]÷xf]Og egL k|dfl0ft ug{ ;S5g\ . w]/} /fi6« k|j]z jf 5f8\g

cflwsfl/s kf;kf]6{ rflxG5 . s]xL b]zn] hGdbtf{ k|df0fkq, 8«fOe/ nfO;]G; x]/]/ k|j]z lbg] u/] klg xjfO{ofqf tyf

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n nofqfdf afwf cfO/x] eg] s] dHhf < To;}n] tof/ eP/

lg:sbf cK7\of/f cfOkb}{gg\ . tof/L klg ljleGg tl/sfn] ug{

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afFsL csf]{ k]hdf

cd]l/sf lkmbf{ ;a} jf cd]l/sLnfO{ kf;kf]6{ clgjfo{ x'G5 .

olb tkfO{+ e"dL jf ;d'b|af6 ofqf ub}{ x'g'x'G5 eg] cd]l/sf lkmbf{ tkfO{+n] gful/stf / kl/rosf] k|df0f k]z ug'{k5{ . lskmfotL l6s6xjfO{–ofqfsf] l6s6 cflbsf]

hfgsf/L lbg] ljleGg j]a;fO6 5g\M Expedia, Orbitz jf Trav-elocity . t/ Kayak.com nfO{ lgs} /fd|f] dflgG5 . oL j]a;fO6afx]s Mobissimo.com / DoHop.com n] yk hfgsf/L lbG5g\ . afnaflnsfaf/] s] x'G5 <s'g} b]z k|j]z ubf{

afnaflnsf;Fu cfˆgf] gftf v'nfpg] sfuhft b]vfpg cfjZos x'G5 . afnaflnsfsf] ckx/0f x'g] jf ePsf 36gfsf sf/0f k|df0f vf]Hg] ul/G5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf gftf v'Ng] jf c?sf] cfkm";Fu ofqfdf gfgL eP, tkfO{+nfO{ lhDdf nufPsf] d~h'/Lgfdf cfjZos x'g;S5 .kf;kf]6{sf] Dofbs'g} b]zdf cd]l/sL

gful/sn] ofqf z'? u/]sf] ^ dlxgf;Dd pgsf] kf;kf]6{ sfd nfU5 . o:tf] ljifosf] yk hfgsf/L

:yfgLo b"tfjf;af6 klg lng ;lsG5 . cfktdf s] ug'{x'G5 <hxfF uP klg cfkm"glhssf]

cd]l/sL b"tfjf; jf sG;'n]6sf] ;Dks{ hfgsf/L lnP/ hfg'xf];\ . b"tfjf;, sG;'n]6 / sG;'n/ sfof{nodf sG;'n/ sd{rf/Lx? ;xfotf–sf nflu & lbg @$ 3G6f tDtof/ a;]sf x'G5g\ . o:tf sd{rf/Lx? c? d'n'sdf dfq

xf]Og, /fhwfgL jfl;+u6g l8;Ldf x'G5g\ . tkfO{+ cGo b]zsf] ofqfdf

x'g'x'G5 / cfkt k/]sf] eP jf tkfO{+;Fu ;Dks{ u/fpg' k/], tkfO{+sf] kl/jf/n] /fhwfgL jfl;+u6gl:yt …clkm; ckm cf]e/l;h l;l6hG; ;le{;];Ú (Office of Overseas Citizens Services) gfds sfof{nodf ;Dks{ ug{ ;Sg'x'G5 . pSt sfof{nosf b'O{6f kmf]g–gDa/ 5g\, sfof{no–;dodf ;Dks{ x'g ;Sg] !–***–$)&–$&$& / sfof{no–;doeGbf c? a]nf ;Dks{ x'g;Sg] @)@–^$&–%@@% x'g\ . :6]6 l8kf6{d]G6n] o:tf

;"rgf tkfO{+ ePsf] b]zsf] sG;'n/ sfof{nonfO{ lbG5 . sG;'n/sf sd{rf/Lx?n] tkfO{+ sxfF x'g'x'G5 eGg] kQf– nufpF5g\, tkfO{+sf] va/ lbG5g\ / olb tkfO{+ rfxg'x'G5 eg] tkfO{sf] ;Gb]z kl/jf/;Dd kmsf{pF5g\ . o:tf] ;Gb]z cfbfg–k|bfg ubf{ uf]kgLotf Vofn ul/G5 . uf8L xfFs]/ hfg] ePuf8L xfFs]/ hfg] eP,

cGt/f{li6«o rfns cg'dlt (International Driving Permit; IDP) rflxg ;S5 . w]/} b]zn] cd]l/sLsf] rfns cg'dlt–kqnfO{ dfGotf lb+b}gg\ . ToxfFs} rfns cg'dlt–kq / ladf geO{ uf8L rnfpg kfOFb}g . cfkm" hfg'cl3 ToxfF

rfns–cg'dltsf] s:tf] Joj:yf 5 egL hfGg b"tfjf;df a'‰g'xf];\ . nfdf] ;do;Dd c? b]zdf

a:g] of]hgf 5 eg] :yfgLo rfns cg'dlt–kq lnFbf /fd|f] x'G5 . lsgeg] nfdf] a;fOsf nflu cGt/f{li6«o rfns cg'dltn] sfd gug{ ;S5 . slxn]sfxL cd]l/sL rfns cg'dlt–kq / cGt/f{li6«o rfns cg'dltnfO{ ;DalGwt b]vfpFbf dfq nfdf] ;do k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 . aflx/ a:bf cfkm"n] rfns

cg'dlt–kq gjLs/0f ug'{ 5 eg] cfˆgf] /fHosf] df]6/ e]Osn ljefu (Department of Motor Vehicles; DMV) df ;Dks{ /fVg'xf];\ . ;fdfg r':t ldnfpg'xf];\● cfkm"n] af]Sg] emf]nf jf cGo ;fdu|L xn'sf] agfpg'xf];\ . lxF8\bf ;lhnf] xf];\ / rflxPsf a]nf xft vfnL xf];\ . XofG8–Sof/L (Hand Carry) 5l/tf] x'g'k5{ . dlxnfn] xftdf af]Sg] emf]nfdf >[+uf/sf ;fdfg jf cTofjZos lrh lhk–ns (Ziploc) df af]Sg'xf];\ . tL ;fdfg Pp6f Ps ;o u|fd jf ldlnln6/ dfq x'g\ . ● yf]/} ;+Vof jf dfqfdf dxFuf ;fdfg af]Sg'xf];\ . To:tf ;fdfgx? c?n] e]6\g] jf b]Vg] u/L g/fVg'xf];\ . ● sltko 7fpFdf tkfO{+sf] kl/ro v'Ng] sfuhft jf cGo j:t' n'sfpg' kg]{ x'G5 . ● kl/ro–kq, l6s6 / c? dxÎjk"0f{ sfuhft cfˆgf xftn] e]l6/xg] 7fpFdf /fVg'xf];\ . k|ltlnlk -kmf]6f]slk_ 5 t <cfkt cj:yf jf x/fPdf

rflxg] ePsfn] ofqfsf ;a} sfuhftx?sf @–@ k|lt kmf]6f]slk agfpg'xf];\ . Ps k|lt

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af]Sg] ;Ssn /fv]eGbf leGg 7fpFdf af]Sg'xf];\ . kmf]6f]slk agfpg] sfuhftx? oL x'g\M

● kf;kf]6{sf] kl/ro v'Ng] kfgf (Passport ID page) . ● ljb]zsf] le;f -5 eg]_ . ● ofqf ljj/0f (Itinerary) . ● xf]6nsf] sfuh (Hotel confirmation) . ● xjfO{ l6s6 . ● rfns cg'dlt–kq . ● ofqfdf nfg] ldNg] qm]l86 sf8{ . ● ofqfsf nflu vr{ lglDt agfOPsf] r]s (traveler’s check) sf] l;l/on gDa/ .

vr{ar{sf] rfFhf]kfFhf]● ofqfdf hfg'cl3 cfkm" hfg] b]zdf cd]l/sL d'b|fsf] ;6xL b/ yfxf kfpg'xf];\ .● cfkm" lx+8\g'cl3 cfkm"n] sf/f]af/ ul//x]sf] a}+s, qm]l86 sf8{ sDkgL jf cGo jLlQo ;+:yfnfO{ cfˆgf] ljb]z– ofqfaf/] hfgsf/L lbg'xf];\ . ● ;se/ gub af]Sb} gaf]Sg'xf];\ . 6«fen;{ r]s jf ToxfF rNg] qm]l86 sf8{ af]Sg'xf];\ . lx+8\g'cl3 sf8{ rNg]÷grNg] t a'‰g} k5{ .● vfFrf] k/]kl5 dfq 6«fen;{ r]s ;f6\g'xf];\ .● k};f ltg]{ a]nfdf w]/} gub glgsfNg'xf];\ .

:yfgLo P]g–sfg'g / eG;f/sf lgodsf] hfgsf/LtkfO{+ cd]l/sL gful/s eP

klg hxfF hfg'x'G5, ToxfFsf] sfg'g–P]g–lgod dfGg'k5{ . ljb]zL sfg'g / Gofok|0ffnL cfˆgf] ;+;f/eGbf lgs} km/s x'g;S5 . To;}n] ToxfF s:tf

lgod 5g\ jf s:tf 5}gg\, hfg]s} x'g'k5{ . olb tkfO{+n] ToxfFsf] lgod tf]8\g'eof], tkfO{+sf] cd]l/sL kf;kf]6{n] kqmfp x'gaf6 jf cleof]uaf6 arfpg s'g} d2t ub}{g, clg b"tfjf;n] h]nd'St u/fpg ;Sb}g .tkfO{+sf] :jf:Yos'g} b]z hfg ToxfF vf;

vf]kx? cfjZos x'G5g\ . s'g} b]z hfFbf ToxfF k]z ug{ vf]ksf] cGt/f{li6«o k|df0fkq (International Certificate of Vaccination) cfjZos x'G5, h;nfO{ kx]+nf] sf8{ (Yellow Card) klg elgG5 . s'g} b]z eP/ hfFbf jf k'Ubf

tL b]zdf pSt k|df0fkq jf :jf:Yo k/LIf0f x'g cfjZos x'G5 . cfkm" lx+8\g'cl3 cfˆgf] ofqfdf kg]{ / k'Ug] b]zsf nflu rflxg] vf]k cflbsf] hfgsf/L / ljb]zL b"tfjf;df ;d]t a'‰g'k5{ . :jf:Yo–lj1x?n] vf;

b]zsf] ofqfsf nflu cfjZos vf]ksf] l;kmfl/z ug{

;S5g\ . cd]l/sfsf] :jf:Yo–;+:yf ;]G6;{ km/ l8lhh

sG6«f]n (Centers for Disease Con-trol; CDC) / ljZj :jf:Yo ;+u7g (World Health Organization; WHO) n] ljb]zofqfdf ckgfpg] lgod / vf]k hfgsf/L lbg] u5{g\ .

:jf:Yo–;xfotf kfpg lrlsT;s jf c:ktfn sxfF x'g ;S5g\ < cfˆgf :jf:Yo–hfgsf/L ;fydf lnP/ hfg'kg]{ x'g;S5 . ToxfF pkrf/ vfFrf] k/] ;lhnf] x'G5 . tkfO{+sf] :jf:Yo–ladfn] ljb]zdf u/]sf] pkrf/sf] vr{ a]xf]5{ ls a]xf]b}{g < of] a'‰g] ljifo xf] . w]/} ladfn] k/b]zdf pkrf/–vr{ ga]xf]g]{ ePsfn] 5f]6f] cjlwsf nflu o:tf] ;]jfsf nflu ladf lsGg kfOG5 .cfkm"n] s'g} cf}ifwL

vfg]÷lng] u/]sf] eP, ofqfdf k'Ug] u/L n}hfg' a'l4dQfk"0f{ sfd x'G5 . ofqfaf6 lkmg{ otfptf ePsf v08df rflxg] u/L yf]/} a9L ;+Vofdf cf}ifwL ;fy} n}hfg'k5{ . cf}ifwLnfO{ cfˆg} 8Aafdf /fVg] / 8fS6/n] n]v]sf] sfuh -tkfO{+n] af]s]sf] cf}ifwL vfg] tkfO{+ g} xf] eGg] n]v]sf] sfuh gaf]Sbf ;d:of kg{ ;S5 . s'g} b]zdf tkfO{+sf cf}ifwL k|ltalGwt x'g ;S5g\ ._ ;fy} eP w]/} ;lhnf] x'G5 . cf}ifwL cfkm";Fu} /xg] emf]nf jf Aofudf x'g'k5{ . o;f] ubf{ x/fpg] / l9nf] cfpg] 8/af6 cfkm" d'St /xg ;lsG5 . tkfO{+sf] kmfd]{;L jf

lrlsT;snfO{ cGoq hfFbf s'g gfdn] Tof] cf}ifwL kfpg ;lsPnf, Tof] ;f]Wg'xf];\ / n]Vg'xf];\ .

● ofqfdf lgb|f nfUbf a]nfavt ;'Tg'xf];\ . ● ;do x]/]/ cf}ifwL vfg'xf];\ . ● kof{Kt kfgL lkpg'xf];\ . ● cfFvf, gfs jf d'v g5'g'xf];\ . ● ofqfsf nflu xftdf dNg] :oflg6fOh/ (sanitiser) af]Sg'xf];\ . zf}r cflb–kl5 xft wf]P klg xftdf dNg'xf];\ .

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ljb]z dGqfnon] s] eg]sf] 5 eGg] hfGg :6]6 l8kf6{d]G6sf] a]j;fO6 x]g{ h?/L x'G5 . oL j]a;fO6x¿ofqfsf nflu tripadvisor.

com, fodors.com, frommers.com, lonelyplanet.com h:tf j]a;fO6sf ;'emfj lgs} ;xof]uL dflgG5g\ . oL j]a;fO6sf km/s nlIft

;d"x 5g\ . fodors.com wgL / kfsf] pd]/sf ofq', lone-lyplanet.com n] o'jf ofq'nfO{ nlIft u5{ . cruisecritic.com df kfgLhxfh, flyertalk.com df xjfO{–ofqf, chowhound.com tyf roadfood.com vfgf / superfuture.com df ofqf;DaGwL ;a} hfgsf/L kfOG5 . Anudf cfˆgf cg'ej

n]Vg]x? tkfO{+nfO{ ;xof]uL x'g ;S5g\ . pgsf cg'ejn] cfkm" hfg] 7fpFaf/] a'‰g ;lhnf] x'G5, h:tf]M zfsfxf/L vfgf sxfF kfOG5 < cflb .3/sf] /Iffcfkm" ofqfdf lg:sg] x'Fbf

3/sf] ;'/Iffsf] lrGtf ;a}nfO{ x'G5 . o;}n] a]nfavt lr7L–kq /flvlbg l5d]sL, ;fyL, gft]bf/nfO{ eGg'xf];\ . kqsf] 9\jfªdf vrfvr kq el/P, 3/df sf]xL /x]g5 eGg] s'/f rf]/x?n] yfxf kfpF5g\ .b]zleqsf] a;ofqfcd]l/sfleqsf nflu

d]ufa; (Megabus) / af]N6a; (Boltbus) sf] ofqf /fd|} x'G5 . af]N6a;nfO{ u|]xfpG8 (Grey-hound) sf] Ps c+zsf ?kdf rnfOPsf] a; ;]jf xf] .

d]ufa;df dWo–klZrd, pQ/–k"j{ cd]l/sf tyf k"jL{ Sofg8f;Dd hfg ;lsG5 eg] af]N6a;n] pQ/–k"jL{ cd]l/sL zx/df k'Ug ;lsG5 . d]ufa;sf] PstkmL{ ofqfsf] l6s6 slxn]sfxL ! 8n/df kfOG5, ;w}+h;f] o;sf] d"No #) 8n/eGbf w]/} k5{ . s]xL ;fdu|L● kmf]6f] lvRg Sofd/f jf /fd|f] :df6{kmf]g xf];\ . kmf]6f] eg] cfˆgf ;fdfgx?sf] klg lvRg'xf];\ . ● b'O{ lkm6 hlt 8S6 6]k (Duct tape) k]lG;n jf dfs{/df a]/]/ af]Sg'xf];\ .;f];n ldl8ofdf kmf]6f]ofqfdf knkn kmf]6f]

cfO/Xof] eg] tkfO{+ 3/df gePsf] rf]/x?n] hfgsf/L kfpF5g\ . ofqf ;s]kl5 kmf]6f] cknf]8 ubf{ s] g} lau|G5 / <ofqfdf PSn} eP kl/jf/nfO{

/ kl/jf/;lxt eP gft]bf/ jf ;fyLefO{nfO{ cfˆgfaf/]df hfgsf/L lbFb}

ug'{k5{ . o;sf nflu cd]l/sfleq kmf]g sflkm 5 eg] cd]l/sfaflx/ :sfOk (Skype) ;aeGbf ;:tf] ;Dks{ ug]{ dfWod xf] . cfOkmf]g h:tf ;fwg eg] ofqfdf w]/} pkof]uL x'G5g\ . xf]6n ;a} vfnsfcd]l/sfleq xf]6n jf df]6n

;:tf–dxFuf ;a} vfnsf 5g\ . xf]6nx? w]/} rfF8f] jf slxn]sfxLF clGtd ;dodf l6s6 ln+bf ;:tf] kg{ ;S5g\ .xf]6ndf p8';sf] ;d:of eg]

cd]l/sfdf klg 5 . To;}n] s'g 7fpFdf p8';sf] ;d:of 5 eGg]af/] hfgsf/L lng bedbu-gregistry.com x]g'{xf];\ .xf]6ndf a:bf jf

/]i6'F/fx?df vfgf vfFbf ;]jf ug]{ dflg;nfO{ as; (Tips) lbg] rng 5 . of] klg e'Ng gx'g] x'G5 . vfgf ;:tf]cd]l/sfleq vfgf ;:tf]

dflgG5 . cfkm"nfO{ dgkg]{ vfgf kfpg] 7fpF klg x'g;S5g\ . o;sf] vf]hL OG6/g]6sf] d2taf6 ug{ ;lsG5 . ofqfaf/] hfgsf/L lng

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● http://travel.state.gov/● http://content.time.com/● traveltips.usatoday.com/

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ul/g] pSt sfo{qmddf 5Gbf]– j4 sljtf ;fy} 5Gbsf g]kfnL uhn k|:t't ul/g]5 . cd]l/sfsf s]xL g]kfnL–

efifL e"6fgL o'jfn] ;~rf– ngdf Nofpg nfu]sf] of] sfo{qmddf ;+;f/e/sf g]kfnL efiffsf 5Gbsljn] efu lng ;Sg] 5g . sfo{qmd z'? x'g] ldlt h'nfO{ @), @)!$ xf] . ;fdu|L k7fpg] lgodM

• k|;f/0f ug]{ sljtf jf uhn 5Gbdf x'g' kg]{ 5 . • cfˆgf ;fdu|Ldfq k7fpg kfOg] 5 . • /rgfsf/n] 5Gb sljtf jf 5Gb uhn /]s8{ u/fP/ k7fpg klg kfOg] 5 . • /]s8{ u/]/ k7fOg] /rgf;“u} lnlvt k|ltlnlk klg k7fpg' kg]{ 5 . • s;}nfO{ JolStut cf/f]k nufOPsf /rgf k|;f/0f ul/g] 5}g . Jo+Uo, :jf:Yo cfnf]rgf / ;dfh lrq0f ul/Psf /rgf k|;f/0f ul/g] 5 . • /rgfsf/n] cfˆgf] lrgf/L, 7]ufgf / ;flxlTos ;lqmotfsf ljifodf ;+lIfKt hfgsf/L /rgf;“u} k7fpg cg'/f]w 5 . clgjfo{ 5}g . • /rgf k7fp“bf /rgf ul/Psf] 5Gb cflb cfkm"nfO{ nfu]sf cledtx?nfO{ klg n]vL k7fpg cg'/f]w 5 . clgjfo{ 5}g .

yk hfgsf/Lsf nfluM chandaalankar@gmail.comsfo{qmd ;+of]hsM k'/fgf3/]

lrgLnfO{ ?jf -skf;_ h:tf] agfP/ cd]l/sf, o'/f]kdf vfOG5 . of] g]kfn, ef/t, e"6fg cflbdf klg k|rlnt 5 . o;nfO{ c+u|]hLdf s6g SofG8L (Cotton Candy) elgG5 . g]kfnLdf st}–st} …skf; rsn]6Ú elgg] o;df lrgL / vfgldNg] /+u x'G5 eg] lrgL sd, xfjf a9L x'G5 .

s6g SofG8Lsf] hGd o'/f]k / cd]l/sfdf km/s–km/s ldltdf ePsf] xf] . o;nfO{ SofG8L ˆn; (Candy Floss), km]o/L ˆn; (Fairy Floss) / :kfO8/ j]A; (Spider Webs) h:tf gfdn] klg lrlgG5 . k|To]s jif{ l8;]Da/ & df

cd]l/sfdf /fli6«o s6g SofG8L lbj; (National Cot-ton Candy Day) dgfOG5 .

s6g SofG8L (Cotton Candy)

xfdLn] hfg]s} vfg]s'/f

• care for :gfd– x]/rfx, jf:tf, rf;f] .lqmof– rf;f] lng', x]/rfx ug'{, /]vb]v ug'{, lrGtf÷rf;f] lng' . • career :gfd– k]zf, Joj;fo, hLljsf, j]u, hLjgrof{, hLjg–ofqf, sfo{hLjg, sd{qmd, hLjgj[QfGt, hLjg ufyf .lqmof– b|'t ultdf hfg' . • careful :ljz]if0f– ;ts{, rgfvf], nx} Û lglZrGt, 6f7f], tbf?s, ;fjwfg, hfu?s .lqmof–ljz]if0f– ;fjwfgsf ;fy . • careless :ljz]if0f– lgl:kmqmL, 9'Ss, a]jf:tf, k|dQ, xf]:Nofª,

c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 28c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ sl/a # xhf/ zAb eP k'U5, tLdWo]sf zAbsf] c7\7fO;f}+ ;"rL -efu @*_

emf/flt?jf, lgw{Ss, x':;", a]xf];L, unt, sd, c;fjwfg .• Carlos :gfd– cd]l/sfnufotsf klZrdf b]zdf k'?ifsf] k|rlnt Ps gfd, sfnf]{; .• carpet :gfd– b/L, un}+rf, /f8L, sfk]{6, ;'s'n, u'Gb|L, nDk6 .lqmof– 9fSg', cf]5\ofpg' . • carrot :gfd– ufh/, k|nf]eg .• carry :gfd– Ifdtf, jxg . lqmof– n}hfg', nUg', jxg ug'{, leg'{, v]Kg', af]Sg', cf];fg'{, xft nfpg', Rofs'n‰ofOF kf/]/ n}hfg', ufleg x'g', r'SnL–nfpg' . qmdzM

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z'? ePsf] gofF cfly{s jif{sf * dlxgfdf ^ xhf/ % hgf

gj]{, Go"lhNof08 / a]nfotsf] ;xsfo{df cd]l/sfn] ;g\ @))* dfr{df e"6fgLsf] k'g:yf{kgf k|lqmof ;'? u/]sf] lyof] . of] hf/L 5 . jif]{lg k'g:yf{lktsf] ;+Vof o:tf] 5M• ;g\ @))* M % xhf/ #@)• ;g\ @))( M !# xhf/ $%@ • ;g\ @)!) M !@ xhf/ #^#• ;g\ @)!! M !$ xhf/ (((• ;g\ @)!@ M !% xhf/ &)• ;g\ @)!# M ( xhf/ !#$cfk|jf; ;+u7gsf cg';f/

cd]l/sf;lxtsf * b]zdf clxn] () xhf/eGbf a9L k'g:yf{lkt eO;Sg'ePsf] 5 .

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;g\ @)!@–!# df ul/Psf] Ps ;j]{If0faf6 df]6f]kg a9L ePsf / sd ePsf bz–bz zx/sf] ;"rL tof/ kfl/Psf] 5 . :jf:Yo ;d:ofsf] sf/0f ePsfn] cd]l/sfdf df]6f]kg lrGtfsf] ljifo aGb} cfPsf] 5 . df]6f]kg sd ePsf zx/sf]

;"rLdf ;aeGbf dfly sfnf]/f8f]

(Colorado) /fHosf] afpN8/ (Boulder) 5 eg] a9L ePsf ;"rLdf ToxL /fHosf 8]ge/ (Denver) / kmf]6{ sf]lnG; (Fort Collins) k/]sf 5g\ . sd df]6f]kg ePsf zx/ /

df]6f]kg b/ o; k|sf/ 5M != afpN8/===========================!@=$%@= g]kN;, ˆnf]l/8f==============!^=%%#= kmf]6{ sf]lnG;==================!*=@%$= rfnf]{§len, elh{lgof======!*=@%%= a]lnª\3d, jfl;+u6g========!*=&%^= ;fg l8ofuf]====================!(=#%&= 8]ge/=============================!(=#%*= ;fg xf];]====================== !(=%%(= la|hkf]6{, sg]6Ls6========!(=^%!)= afg{:6]an 6fpg, Dof;=!(=^%a9L df]6f]kg ePsf zx/x?

/ df]6f]kg b/ o; k|sf/ 5M!= xlG6ª\6g========================#(=%%@= Dofssng, 6]S;;=========#*=#%#= Xofu;{6fpg, d]l/NofG8==#^=&%$= oflsdf, jfl;+u6g==========#%=&%%= ln6n /s=======================#%=!%^= rfN;{6fpg=====================#$=^%&= Snfs{;\len, 6]g];L=========##=*%*= HofS;g, ldl;l;kL====== ##=*%(= lu|g a]============================##=)%!)= /s kmf]8{, Olngf]o=========##=)%

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!)= Plnhfj]y (Elizabeth)5f]/fsf gfdM!= gf]cf (Noah)@= lnod (Liam)#= h]sa (Jacob)$= d];g (Mason)%= ljlnod (William)^= Oyg (Ethan)&= dfOsn (Michael)*= cn]Sh]G8/ (Alexander)(= h]8g (Jayden)!)= 8\oflgon (Daniel)

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pRrfo'Stsf] sfof{no (UNH-CR), cGt/f{li6«o cfk|jf; ;+u7g (IOM) / ci6«]lnof, Sofg8f, g]b/Nof08\;, 8]gdfs{,

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;+3Lo ;/sf/sf h:t} /fHo ;/sf/sf klg d'Vo tLg c+u x'G5g\M sfo{kflnsf (Executive), Joj:yflksf / Gofokflnsf (Judiciary).

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ax';+Vos -@^_ /fHodf ;bgnfO{ n]lh:n]r/÷Joj:yflksf (Legislature) dfq elgG5 . c? !( /fHodf ToxfFsf] Joj:yflksfnfO{ h]g/n P;]DAnL (General As-sembly) elgG5 . cf]/]ug / gy{ 8sf]6fdf n]lh:n]l6e P;]DAnL (Legislative Assembly)

eg]sf] kfOG5 eg] Go' ≈ofD;/ / Dof;fr';]6\;df h]g/n sf]6{ (General Court) elgG5 . n n n

$( /fHosf] dflyNnf] ;bgnfO{ l;g]6 (Senate) elgG5 . $) /fHosf] tNnf] ;bgnfO{ xfp; ckm l/k|h]G6]l6e\; (House of Representatives) elgG5 . c?df xfp; ckm 8]lnu]6\; (House of Delegates), :6]6 P;]DAnL (State Assembly), P;]DAnL / h]g/n P;]DAnL eGg] u/]sf] kfOG5 .

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cation)

hg:jf:Yosf lgb]{zs (Director of Public Health)

cGo lgsfox¿ (Other Agencies)

/fHosf] ljwflosf (State Legislature)

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k|zf;lso cbfnt (Magistrate’s Court)

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Court)bfaL;DaGwL cbfnt

(Small Claims Court)

/fHosf sfo{sfl/0fL ljefux¿

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k'g/fj]bg cbfntx¿ (Intermediate Courts of

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g hLjgsf] JofVof ;lhnf] 5, g t ofqfsf] . hLjgdf x/kn gofF ef]ufO x'G5 . ofqfdf x/ If0f cgk]lIft kn cfpF5g\ .

o;k6ssf] …cIfl/sfÚn] ofqfdf lg:sg] hf]sf]xLnfO{ s]xL ;lhnf] kfg{ ;fdu|L k:sg] ljrf/ u¥of] . of] hLjg h:t} ofqfsf] ;Gbe{ lyof] . To;}n] k"/} JofVof ug{ Tolt ;lhnf] ePg .

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Gyan Jyoti Kendra, 49 Lane Road, Chichester, NH 03258, Email : aksharica.communication@gmail.com, URL : http://gyanjyotikendra.org/ Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Co-ordinator : Tara Acharya, Managing Director : Sattan Acharya

cd]l/sfn] efulnPsf ;g\ !()) kl5sf] ;o jif{sf o'4 gful/s k/LIff (Civic Test) sf] lstfasf] gofF cWofo cd]l/sfsf] cfw'lgs Oltxf; / cGo dxTjk"0f{ P]ltxfl;s hfgsf/L (Recent American History and Other Important Historical Information) z'? ePsf] 5 . of] cWofosf] klxnf] tyf lstfasf] k|Zg gDa/ &* / pQ/M à ;g\ !()) sf ztfAbL -;g\ !()) kl5sf ;o jÈ{_ df ;+o'St /fHo cd]l/sfn] n8]sf o'4dWo] Ps o'4sf] gfd eGg'xf];\ . (Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s.*)

– klxnf] ljZjo'4 (World War I) – bf];|f] ljZjo'4 (World War II)– sf]l/ofnL o'4

(Korean War) – leotgfd o'4 (Vietnam War)

– -kl;of{nL_ vf8L o'4 ((Persian) Gulf War)

• •

;g\ !()) sf] ;o jif{df cd]l/sfn] kfFr o'4 n8\of]M klxnf] ljZjo'4, bf];|f] ljZjo'4, sf]l/ofnL o'4, leotgfd o'4 / -kl;{ofnL_ vf8L o'4 . klxnf] ljZjo'4 ;g\ !(!$

df z'? eof] . of] nfdf] / /Stkft;lxtsf] o'4 lyof] . ;g\ !(!& df hd{g kg8'AaLn] a]nfotL / cd]l/sL hxfhx?df cfqmd0f u/]kl5 cd]l/sfdf o'4df xf]ldof] . hd{gx?n] cd]l/sflj?4 o'4sf nflu d]lS;sf]nfO{ u'xf¥of] . o'4 ;g\ !(!* df ;lsof] .

hd{gLn] kf]Nof08 sAhf u/]kl5 ;g\ !(#( df bf];|f] ljZjo'4 z'? eof] . k|mfG; / a]nfotn] hd{gLlj?4 o'4 z'? u/] . hd{gLsf ;xsdL{ b]z lyP, O6fnL / hfkfg . ;g\ !($! hfkfgn] cd]l/sfsf] xjfO{ (Hawaii) /fHosf] kn{ xfaf]{/ (Pearl Harbor) df cfqmd0f u/]kl5 dfq cd]l/sf o'4sf nflu h'6\of] . hd{gLsf] sAhfaf6 ;g\ !($% d] dlxgfdf o'/f]knfO{ d'St ul/of] . hfkfgn] cfTd;dk{0f u/]kl5 ;g\ !($% cu:tdf bf];|f] ljZjo'4 ;dfKt eof] . pQ/ sf]l/ofsf ;]gf b'O{

sf]l/ofsf] ;Ldfl:yt #* cf}+ ;dfgfGt/ (38th parallel) If]qdf k|j]z u/]kl5 ;g\ !($% df sf]l/ofnL o'4 z'? eof] . #* cf}+ ;dfgfGt/ bf];|f] ljZjo'4df :yflkt ;Ldf If]q xf], h;n] b'O{ sf]l/ofnfO{ 5'6\ofPsf] 5 . sf]l/ofnL o'4 ;g\ !(%# df ;lsof] . o'4kl5 pQ/ / blIf0f sf]l/of cf}krfl/s /fi6« ag] . ;g\ !(%( b]lv ;g\ !(&%

df cd]l/sf / blIf0f leotgfdsf ;]gf pQ/ leotgfd;Fu n8], h;nfO{ leotgfd o'4sf gfdn] lrlgG5 . cd]l/sfn] blIf0f sf]l/ofsf] k|hftflGqs ;/sf/nfO{ lbPh:t} blIf0f leotgfdsf] k|hftflGqs ;/sf/nfO{ ;dy{g uYof]{ . pQ/ sf]l/ofdf h:t} pQ/ leotgfddf sDo'lgi6 ;/sf/ lyof] . leotgfd o'4 ;g\ !(&% df ;lsof] . o'4af6 pQ/ leotgfd / blIf0f leotgfd b]z ag] . o; o'4df ^) xhf/ cd]l/sL d/]÷x/fP . O/fsn] s'a]tdfly cfqmd0f

u/]kl5 ;g\ !(() cu:t @ df kl;{ofnL vf8L o'4 z'? eof] . s'a]taf6 O/fsL ;]gf x6f];\ eGg] rfxgf cd]l/sfsf] lyof] . ;+o'St /fi6«;+3sf] cg'dlt lnP/ ;g\ !((! hgj/Ldf cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] g]t[Tjdf ax'/fli6«o ;]gfn] O/fs;Fu o'4 z'? u¥of] . s]xL xKtfdf O/fssf] xf/ eof] . ;g\ !((! km]a|'c/Ldf o'4lj/fd eof] .

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