sacred foundations patriarchs exodus exile / restoration
TRANSCRIPT
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Sacred Foundations
• Patriarchs
• Exodus
• Exile / Restoration
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Patriarchs
• Abraham: Chosen by Godgiven promise of land and progeny
• Isaac• Jacob / Israel: has 12 sons
Judah Levi (priesthood) 10 others
become ancestors of the tribes of Israel
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To Egypt
• Jacob/Israel and 12 sons end up in Egypt
• Egyptian get frightened of growing Israelite population,
• Israelites enslaved.
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Exodus
Moses encounters YHWH.
• Moses confronts Pharaoh
• PASSOVER / PESACH
• Moses Leads people to Sinai / Horeb
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Covenant “Brit”
1-God makes covenant with all people after flood.
2 a) Abraham: promise of land, descendents
b) Moses and Israelites
Sinai / Horeb
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Covenant with Israel
• Agreement is contained in “TORAH” which means “instruction” or “Law”.
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CovenantBlessing and Curses
• Obey to keep land of Canaan / Israel
• Disobey and be expelled, die.
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Torah of Moses
– Ritual + Sacrifices
– Civil Laws
– Religious Obligations: no other gods, etc.
• Ark of the Covenant.
• Tabernacle (Portable Temple)
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Torah establishes Jewish life
• Priesthood
• Rituals: Annual sacrifices / Festivals
• Traditions: – Circumcision– Kashrut: Food restrictions
– 613 Mitzvot (commandments) Mitzvah
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Into the Land.
• Invasion
• Monarchy: to be like other nations.
• KING DAVID: First acceptable King.
• God gives David a promise: Heirs will have eternal rule if covenant obeyed.
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Jerusalem
• City established as holiest site on earth
• Solomon builds temple there
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Model of ancient Jerusalem
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Israel splits up.
• Divided Monarchy – Israel (North) 10 tribal territories rebel.
• Samaria
• Falls 721 bce to Assyria
– Judah (South) • Jerusalem• Retains dynasty of David as kings
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Exile
587 bce -538 bce: – Judah defeated by Babylon
– Judeans deported.
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Second Temple Period• after 538 BCE
• Jerusalem rebuilt with Persian money
• “JUDAISM” = Religion of Judah.
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DISPERSSION DIASPORA.
2nd Temple Period Ends 70 CE: Failure of rebellion against Rome.
HOW TO BE JEWISH WITHOUT JUDAH AND THE TEMPLE?
Hillel and Shammai looked for answers