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SafetyCommunicating Expectations and Requirements

John Clendenin, RN, RSMSafety OfficerEnvironmental ,Health, Safety & Risk ManagementUniversity of Alaska Fairbanksjrclendeninjr@alaska.edu Safety MomentEvacuation RoutesPhonesRestroomsMeeting AreaStatisticsIn 2006, an estimated 23,100 children and adolescents were injured on farms; 5,800 of these injuries were due to farm work.Between 1992 and 2007, 8088 farmers and farm workers died from work-related injuries in the US. The leading cause of death for these workers was tractor overturns, accounting for an average of 96 deaths annually.StatisticsEvery day, about 243 agricultural workers suffer lost-work-time injuries. Five percent of these injuries result in permanent impairment.July 2010 grain engulfment deathsHow dangerous is farm work?OverviewReferencesRegulatory AgenciesHazard RecognitionTraining and DocumentationPersonal Protective EquipmentWhat Now?Questions

Whats NewHR 190 - Protecting Americas Workers ActTerm employers re-defined to include any officer or director.5-10 year prison and/or monetary fine for serious violation that caused or contributed to serious bodily harm.10-20 year prison and/or monetary fine for violation that caused or contributed to an employee deathYale death of a student

Why Train Supervisors?To communicatesafety expectationswhat assistance is availablepotential liabilityIts all about COMMUNICATION!

All employees have a right to be:Informed of hazards in work areas,Trained in safe and healthful work practices,Protected from dangerous occupational situations that could cause harm; andProtected from discrimination as a result of filing a report of possible safety/health hazard.ReferencesUniversity/Institutional PoliciesNIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Healthhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ ANSI (American National Standards Institute)http://www.ansi.org/ Regulatory AgenciesOSHA (Occupational Safety & Health Administration)DOT (Department of Transportation)EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)Department of Environmental ConservationNFPA ( National Fire Protection Association)Others?What is OSHA?Occupational Safety & Health AdministrationBecame law in 1970, signed by Richard Nixon25 states plus Puerto Rico & Virgin Islands have approved state plans, others are covered by Federal OSHAMissionto ensure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women by setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach, education and assistance.OHSA Standards29 CFR 1910 for General Industry29 CFR 1926 for Construction Industry29 CFR 1928 for AgricultureCFR = Code of Federal Regulations that place standards on employers to protect workers from injury, illness, and death.

Its the Law!

OSHA & other codes and lawsConsensus or Industry StandardsBuilding codesElectrical CodesMechanical CodesFire CodesWhen adopted by State become State Law.

Once OSHA incorporates specific consensus standards they become Federal Law.

Note: Where industry standards may not apply retroactively, once incorporated, OSHA views it as a violation of an OSHA standardCitation TypesOther than seriousHas a dire relationship to job safety and health, but probably would not cause death or serious physical harm ( $7,000)SeriousSubstantial probability that death or serious physical harm could result and that the employer knew, or should have known of the hazard ( $7,000)

Citation TypesWillfulEmployer knowingly commits or commits with plain indifference to the law. The employer either knows that what they are doing constitutes a violation, or is aware that a hazardous condition existed and made no reasonable effort to eliminate it ($5,000-$70,000)RepeatedA violation of any standard, regulation, rule or order where, upon re-inspection, is found to be substantially similar to a previous violation ( $70,000)

Citation TypesFailure to Abate Failure to abate a prior violation( $7,000/day)De MinimusViolations of standards that have no direct or immediate relationship to safety or health

Citation ExamplesOther Than Serious Emergency Action Plans not done; blocked exit routes.Serious Fall protection, ladders and training. Tops of ordinary stepladders may not be used as stepsWillful Violence occurs at work after warning of the threat of violence was ignored.Repeat Failure to train custodial workers who work in areas where asbestos is located.De Minimus The Lights are turned off in a room where they should always be turned on.

Seven principle areas of safetyfor supervisorsEmployer responsibilitiesDevelopment of proper attitudesKnowledge of safe work practicesOrientation and training of employeesSafety training requirementsPersonal protective equipmentAccident and injury reportingHazard Recognition

Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)How will this help you?Assist with determining where the hazards areAssist with determining PPE requirementsProvide a risk matrix budget forecastingThe ability to share information Communication is the key!

Development of Proper AttitudesGood leaders set the right exampleIts not a question of whether or not you set an example, its only a matter of what kind of example you set.Do as I say, not as I do doesnt work! When actions dont square with words, the integrity of the safety program is damaged.When we make exceptions to safety rules when it suits us or condone unsafe actions by walking away, others will use these inconsistencies as excuses to work in an unsafe manner.Training

Provided by USAFTraining of Employees and VolunteersSupervisors must ensure that each new employee, whether temporary or permanent, receives appropriate safety training at the start of employmentInform all new employees about health and safety procedures, rules, and regulationsProvide health and safety training and education on a continuing basisAnnual for AgricultureTraining DocumentationYouve trained your employees be sure to document the training!Keep rostersIndividuals name (printed and with signature)Date of classIdentify what trainingNote how long the class wasInstructors nameIts a good idea to attach a syllabus to the rosterOSHA inspectors stance - if the training isnt documented then the training never happened. Be sure to document your hard work!The "Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) StandardEstablished in 1994Briefly stated, this standard requires that employers must establish and administer an effective PPE program for employees and that employees be trained in the proper use of PPE.

What Is Personal Protective Equipment? (PPE)

PPE is designed to protect employees from serious workplace injuries or illnesses resulting from contact with chemical, radiological, physical, electrical, mechanical, or other workplace hazards.

PPE is to be used whenadministrative, (1ST defense)engineering controls, (2nd defense)and work place practices (3rd defense)can not otherwise protect workers from hazards. 3838Engineering ControlsInvolve physically changing a machine or work environment

Administrative ControlsInvolve how or when employees do their jobs, such as scheduling work and rotating employees to reduce exposure.

Work Practice ControlsInvolve training workers how to perform tasks in ways that reduce their exposure to workplace hazards. OSHA 29 CFR 1910.132Protective equipment shall be provided, used, and maintained

The employer shall:- Assess the workplace- Select PPE and require use- Communicate selection decisions- Select proper fitting PPE- Verify hazard assessment in writing , worksiteperson, date, and certification39OSHA 29 CFR 1910.132The employer shall:Provide training to each employee on- When PPE is needed- What PPE is needed- How to don, doff, adjust and wear- Limitations of PPE- Proper care, maintenance, life and disposal40OSHA 29 CFR 1910.132Each employee shall:- Demonstrate an understanding of training- Ability to use PPE properlyEmployer shall retrain employees:- Reason to believe employee lacks understanding and skill required- Inadequacies of knowledge or use41OSHA 29 CFR 1910.132Employer shall verify:- Each employee received and understood training with written certification- Name, date, and subject of certification

NOTE: section 1910.132(e)Defective or damaged PPE shall not be used.42Categories of PPEHead ProtectionEye ProtectionFace ProtectionHand ProtectionHearing Protection

Foot ProtectionProtective ClothingSafety Belts, Harnesses, LifelinesLife Rings & Personal Flotation DevicesRespiratory ProtectionThere are ten categories of personal protective equipment43What Now?Complete JHAsPlan Schedule TrainingImplement plan Train EmployeesDocument TrainingEvaluate - Effectiveness of trainingRe-train at required periodic intervalsMonitor developments in your department that may require new trainingRemember you arent in this alone, Talk with your safety department44Questions?45