Safety Management

Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is lifesaving procedure that is when someones breathing or heartbeat has stopped, as in cases of electric shock, drowning or heart attack. It is a combination of rescue breathing which provides oxygen to a persons lungs and a chest compression which keep the person blood circulating. Permanent brain damages or death can occur within a minutes if a person blood flow stops. Therefore, you must continue these procedures until the persons heartbeat and breathing return or trained medical help arrives.

Causes of cardiac arrest: Heart Disease Suffocation Poisonous Gases Head Injury Drug Overdose Electric Shock

PreventionTo avoid injuries and heart problems that can lead to cardiac arrest: Eliminate or reduce risk Factors that can lead to cardiac arrest such as cigarette smoking, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, obesity and stress. Get plenty of exercise. See your doctor regularly. Always use seat belt and drive safety. Avoid illegal drugs.

Prevention of Cardiac Arrest in the workplace Recognition of cardiac pain Recognition of in risk, ill, and adult patients Clinic Response

Order of things to be checked before performing first aid: Airways Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure

Advantages of CPR

CHOICE

WHATS INVOLVEDPOSSIBLE ADVANTAGESPOSSIBLE DISADVANTAGES

CPR

Chest compressionElectric shocks to restart heartTube down throat to assist with breathingPossible ICU stay

May prevent immediate deathSmall chance of returning to near previous functionSmall chance of returning home from hospitalHigh rate of stroke and brain injuryRisk of broken bone or ribs and bruised lungDoes not improve other health issues if successful at resuscitationPossible need for significant care from family members in order to return home

NO CPR Other active medical treatments(e.g. antibiotics, ICU admission) may be given depending on treatment choicesComfort measures only may be provided depending on treatment choices

May be less traumatic for family members at time of cardiac arrestDeath with less likelihood of discomfort from tubes, procedures or fractured ribsDeath occurs at time of cardiac arrestPatients may be concerned No CPR means no other treatments will be provided

Choking is a blockage of the upper airway by food or other objects, which prevents a person from breathing effectively. Choking can cause a simple coughing fit, but complete blockage of the airway may lead to death.

Symptoms:If an adult is choking, you may observe the following behaviors: Coughing or gagging Hand signals and panic (sometimes pointing to the throat) Sudden inability to talk Clutching the throat: The natural response to choking is to grab the throat with one or both hands. This is the universal choking sign and a way of telling people around you that you are choking. Wheezing Passing out Turning blue: Cyanosis, a blue coloring to the skin, can be seen earliest around the face, lips, and fingernail beds. You may see this, but other critical choking signs would appear first.

Heimlich maneuverThe Heimlich maneuver is an emergency technique for preventing suffocation when a person's airway (windpipe) becomes blocked by a piece of food or other object.Henry Jay Heimlich (born Henry Judah Heimlich; February 3, 1920) is an American physician who has received credit as the inventor of abdominal thrusts, more commonly known as the Heimlich maneuver, though debate continues over his role in the development of the procedure.

Prevention tips for adults Avoid placing objects such as nails or pins in your mouth for quick access. Take small bites and chew food thoroughly. Be aware that alcohol may impair your ability to chew and swallow, and increase your risk of choking.