sal part 2 (phrases&clauses)
DESCRIPTION
Sal Part 2 (Phrases&Clauses)TRANSCRIPT
Phrase Practice Exercise
Instructions: Identify the underlined phrase or clause.
1. Steven's book, which made Oprah's Book Club this month, is not in any
stores.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
2. While preparing for the speech, Joe couldn't help but worry about his
entrance.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
3. Ahmad wants to visit Quebec, but he will need to wait for his next vacation.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
4. Hoping for a miracle, the doctors continued the surgery.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
5. Our boss supports donating time to charity.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
6. Melanie hoped to find a cure for the disease, but she tried to be realistic.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
7. After the banquet, the cooks will take a well-deserved break.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
8. Joey is hoping for a change to play pool with his uncle.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
9. The dog that Sam chose from the litter seems to be healthy.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
10. Sam Smith, who recently spoke to the youth group, excels at motivating
young people.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
11. Pushed beyond endurance, the runner dropped the baton.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
12. The shoes he saw in the catalogue are available down the street.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
13. The reporter crouched behind that tree got the best picture of the
arrest.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
14. Keith tried supporting both teams, but his heart was with Oregon.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
15. Katrina, who resented being left at home, drew on the walls with her
crayons.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
16. Arnold hoped to find an answer to the funding shortfall.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
17. Pressed for time, the agent ran the red light.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
18. His uncle thinks that working for the government is the key to stability.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
19. Richard's chance to make his point slipped away.
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
20. Is it possible that Joshua will compete against that man ?
a. prepositional phrase b. participial phrase c. gerund phrase d. infinitive
phrase
Source : http://www.grammaruntied.com/phrases/phrasepractice.html
Identify the phrase type:
1. Houses are [unbelievably expensive] just now
Adjective Phrase
Adverb Phrase
Noun Phrase
Prepositonal Phrase
Verb Phrase
2. We [met Paul] last week Adjective Phrase
Adverb Phrase
Noun Phrase
Prepositonal Phrase
Verb Phrase
3. [A car that won't go] is not particularly useful
Adjective Phrase
Adverb Phrase
Noun Phrase
Prepositonal Phrase
Verb Phrase
4. I enjoy eating [in Indian restaurants]
Adjective Phrase
Adverb Phrase
Noun Phrase
Prepositonal Phrase
Verb Phrase
5. Don't you have to leave [early]?
Adjective Phrase
Adverb Phrase
Noun Phrase
Prepositonal Phrase
Verb Phrase
6. Tell [him] not to worry Adjective Phrase
Adverb Phrase
Noun Phrase
Prepositonal Phrase
Verb Phrase
Source : http://www.ucl.ac.uk/internet-grammar/phrases/ex4.htm
Prepositional phrases
This activity contains 10 questions.
Choose the sentence with the prepositional phrase in bold.
According to some historians, President Roosevelt knew that the Japanese were going to attack Pearl Harbor.
According to some historians, President Roosevelt knew that the Japanese were going to attack Pearl Harbor.
According to some historians, President Roosevelt knew that the Japanese were going to attack Pearl Harbor.
According to some historians, President Roosevelt knew that the Japanese were going to attack Pearl Harbor.
Choose the sentence with the prepositional phrase in bold.
Some historians believe that America had no choice but to use the atomic bomb on Japan.
Some historians believe that America had no choice but to use the atomic bomb on Japan.
Some historians believe that America had no choice but to use the atomic bomb on Japan.
Some historians believe that America had no choice but to use the atomic bomb on Japan.
Choose the sentence with the prepositional phrase in bold.
Congress debated whether or not to use the atomic bomb on civilian or military targets.
Congress debated whether or not to use the atomic bomb on civilian or military targets.
Congress debated whether or not to use the atomic bomb on civilian or military targets.
Congress debated whether or not to use the atomic bomb on civilian or military targets.
Choose the sentence with the prepositional phrase in bold.
The long-term effects of the atomic bomb were not known.
The long-term effects of the atomic bomb were not known.
The long-term effects of the atomic bomb were not known.
The long-term effects of the atomic bomb were not known.
Choose the sentence with the prepositional phrase in bold.
Under the cover of night, the bombers took flight.
Under the cover of night, the bombers took flight.
Under the cover of night, the bombers took flight.
Under the cover of night, the bombers took flight.
Identify the function of the bolded prepositional phrase in the following sentence.
Before the atomic bomb was dropped on Japan, protests erupted in the streets of New York City.
Adverb phrase
Adjective phrase
Conjunction
Pronoun
Identify the function of the bolded prepositional phrase in the following sentence.
Before the atomic bomb was dropped on Japan, protests erupted in the streets of New York City.
Adverb phrase
Adjective phrase
Conjunction
Pronoun
Identify the function of the bolded prepositional phrase in the following sentence.
Before the atomic bomb was dropped on Japan, protests erupted in the streets of New York City.
Adverb phrase
Adjective phrase
Conjunction
Pronoun
Identify the function of the bolded prepositional phrase in the following sentence.
Under the cover of night, the bombers took to the air.Adverb phrase
Adjective phrase
Conjunction
Pronoun
Identify the function of the bolded prepositional phrase in the following sentence.
Mushroom clouds bloomed over Hiroshima and Nagaski.Adverb phrase
Adjective phrase
Conjunction
Pronoun
Source : http://wps.ablongman.com/long_fowler_lbh_11/118/30442/7793354.cw/index.html
Verbals and verbal phrases
This activity contains 10 questions.
Identify the verbal phrase in the following sentence.
Jammed with commuter traffic, the bridge out of the city collapsed suddenly.collapsed suddenly
the bridge out of the city collapsed suddenly
the bridge out of the city
Jammed with commuter traffic
Identify the verbal in the following sentence.
The medics' first priority was treating people with serious injuries.serious
priority
treating
injuries
Identify the verbal or verbal phrase in the following sentence.
To lift debris off of the cars, rescue workers needed special equipment.rescue workers needed special equipment
To lift debris off of the cars
off of the cars
Identify the type of verbal phrase in bold.
The medics' first priority was treating people with serious injuries.infinitive phrase
gerund phrase
participial phrase
Identify the type of verbal phrase in bold.
To lift the debris off some of the cars rescue workers needed special equipment.
infinitive phrase
participial phrase
gerund phrase
Identify the type of verbal phrase in bold.
Separated from their parents and sobbing with fear, children wandered aimlessly in the streets.
participial phrase
infinitive phrase
gerund phrase
Identify the correct function of the verbal phrase in bold.
Separated from their parents and sobbing with fear, children wandered aimlessly in the streets.
Noun phrase
Adverb phrase
Adjective phrase
Verb phrase
Identify the correct function of the verbal phrase in bold.
The rescue workers used blankets and teddy bears to calm the children.Adverb phrase
Verb phrase
Adjective phrase
Noun phrase
Identify the correct function of the verbal phrase in bold.
Jammed with commuter traffic, bridges collapsed suddenly during rush hour.
Verb phrase
Noun phrase
Adverb phrase
Adjective phrase
Identify the correct function of the verbal phrase in bold.
Lifting the debris off some of the cars required special equipment.Verb phrase
Adjective phrase
Noun phrase
Adverb phrase
Source: http://wps.ablongman.com/long_fowler_lbh_11/118/30442/7793365.cw/index.html
Exercise
In each of the following sentences replace the adjective in bold letters by an
adjective phrase of the same meaning.
1. The King wore a golden crown.
2. It is a white elephant.
3. He lived in a stone house.
4. There was an earthen pot on the table.
5. She wore a diamond necklace.
6. Much has been said about the Swiss scenery.
7. The Spanish flag flew at the top of the mast.
8. That was a brave act.
9. It was a horrible night.
10. Heroic deeds are worthy of admiration.
11. They went by Siberian railway.
12. I have passed several sleepless nights.
Source: http://www.englishpractice.com/grammar/adjective-phrases-exercise/
Subordinate clauses
This activity contains 10 questions.
Identify the subordinate clause in the following sentence.
At the party, we ate and danced until it was over.At the party
we ate and danced
until it was over
Identify the subordinate clause in the following sentence.
Guests who wanted to stay out longer had to move to another party down the street.
had to move
another party down the street
who wanted to stay out longer
Guests who wanted
Identify the subordinate clause in the following sentence.
Another friend of mine got sick and had to leave the party early, which was unfortunate.
which was unfortunate
Another friend of mine got sick
had to leave
leave the party early
Identify the subordinate clause in the following sentence.
Even though my friend had looked forward to the party for many weeks, he had to leave early.
for many weeks
Even though my friend had looked forward to the party for many weeks
my friend had looked forward to the party
he had to leave early
Identify the subordinate clause in the following sentence.
The host seemed concerned about what the neighbors would think.what the neighbors would think
would think
about what the neighbors
The host seemed concerned
Identify the type of subordinate clause in bold.
The host seemed concerned about what the neighbors would think.adverb clause
adjective clause
noun clause
Identify the type of subordinate clause in bold.
Guests who wanted to stay out longer had to move to another party
down the street.noun clause
adjective clause
adverb clause
Identify the type of subordinate clause in bold.
Another friend of mine got sick and had to leave the party early, which was unfortunate.
noun clause
adjective clause
adverb clause
Identify the type of subordinate clause in bold.
Even though my friend had looked forward to the party for many weeks, he had to leave early.
adverb clause
adjective clause
noun clause
Identify the type of subordinate clause in bold.
Because many of the guests had arrived before I did, most of the food was already gone.
adjective clause
adverb clause
noun clause
Source: http://wps.ablongman.com/long_fowler_lbh_11/118/30442/7793376.cw/index.html
Classifying sentences
Identify the classification of the following sentence.
The recent downturn in the telecommunications industry caused tens of thousands of programmers to lose their jobs for good and forced thousands more to move across the country.
simple
compound
complex
compound-complex
Identify the classification of the following sentence.
Neither programmers nor managers would take the blame for their failing Internet start-ups.
simple
compound
complex
compound-complex
Identify the classification of the following sentence.
Computers, laptops, and palmtops are similar technologies even though they come in different sizes.
simple
compound
complex
compound-complex
Identify the classification of the following sentence.
Some programmers of graphic design software know how to use their software to create pictures, fliers, and Web pages; oddly enough, despite strong technical backgrounds, many others do not.
simple
compound
complex
compound-complex
Identify the classification of the following sentence.
During the downturn, independent computer consultants had difficulty finding part-time or full-time employment.
simple
compound
complex
compound-complex
Source: http://wps.ablongman.com/long_fowler_lbh_11/118/30442/7793398.cw/index.html
Sentence Type Exercise
Directions: Identify the sentence type: S, CP, CX, CP-CX
If you have trouble, follow these steps: S = IC
Find and label the subject/verb pairs CP = IC & IC
Look for dependent marker words CX = IC & DC
Draw a / between the clauses CP-CX = IC & IC & DC
Label the clauses: DC or IC
Identify the sentence type
__ 1. Although it started to rain, we decided to continue our walk.
__ 2. There were books on the floor, under the table, and all about the room.
__ 3. She was going to school full-time and hoped to graduate in June.
__ 4. Transportation came to a halt as the steadily falling snow accumulated faster than
the snow plows could clear it away.
__ 5. Marie and Bill and I stayed up until four in the morning.
__ 6. Unless conditions change for her, she will spend the rest of her life working for
minimum wage in a dusty mill; there are thousands of women like her.
__ 7. She wanted to go, but her child was sick.
__ 8. Joe is smart; he will go far.
__ 9. As soon as Dick started a coin collection, his brother bought an album of rare
stamps.
__ 10. Nature is her passion in life, and colleagues say that she is a skilled naturalist.
Source: http://multimediaportfolio.wikispaces.com/file/view/Sentence+Types.pdf
Exercise 16.1
Find the coordinating conjunctions in the following sentences, and identify the unitsbeing coordinated.
1. Because of our social circumstances, male and female are really two cultures and their
life experiences are utterly different. –Kate Millett
2. I can never pass by the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York without thinking of
it not as a gallery of living portraits but as a cemetery of tax-deductible wealth. –
Lewis Lapham
3. Don’t mock the pedant, for he might be able to teach you some minute details about
his subject.
4. I’m on the side of keeping things mysterious, and I have never enjoyed understanding
things. If I understand something, I have no further use for it. So I try to make a
music which I don’t understand and which will be difficult for other people to
understand. –John Cage
5. We don’t know when our name came into being or how some distant ancestor acquired
it. We don’t understand our name at all, we don’t know its history and yet we bear it
with exalted fidelity, we merge with it, we like it, we are ridiculously proud of it as if
we had thought it up ourselves in a moment of brilliant inspiration. –Milan Kundera
Source : http://www.oup.com/us/pdf/grammar/SupEx16.pdf
Exercise 16.2
Classify the following sentences according to their clause structure as simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex.
1. All real men are gentle; without tenderness, a man is uninteresting. –Marlene Dietrich
2. Considering the absence of legal coercion, the surprising thing is that men have for so
long and, on the whole, so reliably, adhered to what we might call the the
‘breadwinner ethic.’ –Barbara Ehrenreich
3. Evil is being involved in the glamour and charm aspect of material existence—glamour
in its old Gaelic sense, meaning enchantment with the look of things, rather than the
soul of things. –Kenneth Anger
4. I am a feminist, and what that means to me is much the same as the meaning of the fact
that I am Black: it means that I must undertake to love myself and to respect myself
as though my very life depends upon self-love and self-respect. –June Jordan
5. What constitutes a real, live human being is more of a mystery than ever these days,
and men—each one of whom is a valuable, unique experiment on the part of nature—
are shot down wholesale. –Hermann Hesse
Source : http://www.oup.com/us/pdf/grammar/SupEx16.pdf
Advanced Composition for Non-Native Speakers of
English
Simple, Compound, or Complex
1: The teacher walked into the classroom, greeted the students, and took attendance.
Simple
Compound
Complex2: Juan played football while Juanita went shopping.
Simple
Compound
Complex3: Juan played football, yet Juanita went shopping.
Simple
Compound
Complex4: Although Mexico has the better football team, it lost.
Simple
Compound
Complex5: The island was filled with many winding trails, a small lake, and dangerous wild pigs.
Simple
Compound
Complex6: Naoki passed the test because he studied hard and understood the material.
Simple
Compound
ComplexSource : http://eslbee.com/cgi-bin/quiztest.cgi?simplecompoundorcomplex
Advanced Composition for Non-Native Speakers of English
Helen Keller
1: Helen Keller was born in Tuscumbia, Alabama, in 1880 and died in 1968.
Simple
Compound
Complex2: Until she was 19 months of age, her sight and hearing were normal.
Simple
Compound
Complex3: At the age of 19 months, a severe illness left her deaf and blind.
Simple
Compound
Complex4: When she was seven, she began her education in reading and writing with Anne Sullivan of the Perkins Institute for the Blind.
Simple
Compound
Complex5: Through persistence and stubbornness, Anne breaks through Helen's walls of silence and darkness and teaches her to communicate.
Simple
Compound
Complex6: Helen Keller learned to read by the Braille system, and she learned to write by using a specially constructed typewriter.
Simple
Compound
Complex7: Later, she entered Radcliffe College and graduated with honors in 1904.
Simple
Compound
Complex8: Helen Keller's story needed to be told, so in 1962, a beautiful movie was made about her life.
Simple
Compound
Complex9: "If there were only joy in the world, we could never learn to be brave and patient." -- Helen Keller
Simple
Compound
Complex10: "Life is either a daring adventure, or it is nothing." -- Helen Keller
Simple
Compound
Complex
Source : http://eslbee.com/cgi-bin/quiztest.cgi?helenkeller
Advanced Composition for Non-Native Speakers of
English
shadrach
1: The Americanization of Shadrach Cohen is a short story about values by Bruno Lessing.
Simple
Compound
Complex2: Shadrach Cohen had two sons, Abel and Gottlieb.
Simple
Compound
Complex3: When Abel and Gottlieb moved to New York, they opened their own business in their father's name.
Simple
Compound
Complex4: The business was successful, so Abel and Gottlieb told their father to join them in New York City.
Simple
Compound
Complex5: When Shadrach came, he brought Marta, the family maidservant.
Simple
Compound
Complex6: When the ship landed, Shadrach was met by two dapper-looking young men.
Simple
Compound
Complex7: Each son wore a flashy tie with a diamond pin.
Simple
Compound
Complex8: Shadrach's sons welcomed him to the new land, but they were amazed by his old fashioned appearance.
Simple
Compound
Complex9: Shadrach looked like so many new immigrants that Gottlieb and Abel had ridiculed in the past.
Simple
Compound
Complex10: Gottlieb and Abel first wanted to take their father to a barbershop to trim his beard to make him look more like an American.
Simple
Compound
Complex
Source: http://eslbee.com/cgi-bin/quiztest.cgi?shadrach