1. 1. CHEMISTRY P.P.T ON SALTS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
2. 2. THE TEAM MEMBERS Raghavendran Rahul Gaur Sanni Booshan Pranav Satish Kanth
3. 3. Salt and its applications
4. 4. Preparation Salt.
5. 5. Silver Chloride Lead(II) Iodide
6. 6. INSOLUBLE SALTS
7. 7. 1. Definition 2. Preparation of Insoluble Salts 3. Example of Insoluble Salts
8. 8. DEFINITION Solubility of a salt is usually tested by dissolving a little bit of the salt in distilled water. Salts that cannot dissolve in water at the room temperature (27oC) are called insoluble salts.
9. 9. PREPARATION OF INSOLUBLE SALTS Insoluble salts can be prepared through precipitation method or double decomposition reactions.
10. 10. PRECIPITATION METHOD / DOUBLE DECOMPOSITION REACTIONS Two aqueous solutions/soluble salts were mixed together One of the solutions contains the cations of the insoluble salt. One of the solutions contains the anions of the insoluble salt.
11. 11. The ions of the two aqueous solutions above interchange to produce two new compound which is insoluble salt or precipitate, and aqueous solution. The precipitate produced is obtained by filtration. The residue left in the filter paper is the insoluble salt. The filtrate is soluble salt. continue
12. 12. The residue/precipitate (insoluble salt) then rinsed with distilled water to remove any other ions as impurities. Anion (Non-metal ion) Cation (Metal ion) nn mm Chemical : MX(aq) + NY(aq) MY(s) + NX(aq) equation solution solution precipitate solution Ionic : M+(aq) + Y-(aq) MY(s) equation continue
13. 13. IONIC PRECIPITATION OF LEAD(II) CHLORIDE Na+ Na+ NO3 - NO3 - PbCl2 Pb2+ ions combined with Cl- ions to form white precipitate Na+ ions and NO3 - ions do not take part in the reaction and are free to move in the solution Ionic equation : Pb2+ + 2Cl- PbCl2 Pb(NO3)2 solution (supplies the cation) NaCl solution (supplies the anion)
14. 14. Glass rod PbCl2 salt (the residue/precipitate) NaNO3 solution Mixture of solutions Pb(NO3)2 + NaCl Filter funnel Filter paper Retort stand continue
15. 15. Glass rod Distilled water Precipitate of lead(II) chloride Retort stand continue
16. 16. CHEMICAL AND IONIC EQUATIONS In the formation of the precipitate of lead(II) chloride, PbCl2, the chemical equation can be written: Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + NaCl (aq) PbCl2(s) + NaNO3 (aq) Pb2+ + NO3- + Na+ + Cl - PbCl2 + Na+ + NO3- Ionic equation : Pb2+ (aq) + Cl - (aq) PbCl2 (s) continue
17. 17. EXAMPLE OF THE INSOLUBLE SALTS Insoluble Salt Ions Ionic equation ZnCO3 Zn2+ , CO3 2- Zn2+ + CO3 2- ZnCO3 AgCl Ag+ , Cl- Ag+ + Cl- AgCl BaSO4 Ba2+ , SO4 2- Ba2+ + SO4 2 BaSO4 PbCl2 Pb2+ , Cl- Pb2+ + Cl- PbCl2 PbSO4 Pb2+ , SO4 2- Pb2+ + SO4 2- PbSO4 CaCO3 Ca2+ , CO3 2- Ca2+ + CO3 2- CaCO3