Sam Houston Sam Houston Organizes Organizes

a Government a Government Ch. 12 Section 1 Ch. 12 Section 1

Houston Forms a Houston Forms a GovernmentGovernment

September 1836 Texans elected September 1836 Texans elected Sam Houston president and Sam Houston president and Mirabeau B. Lamar as vice Mirabeau B. Lamar as vice president.president.

Texans approved the Texans approved the Constitution of 1836 and Constitution of 1836 and proposed that Texas join the proposed that Texas join the United States.United States.

Houston was chosen as the Houston was chosen as the capital for three years.capital for three years.

President

Sam Houston

Vice President

Mirabeau Lamar

Trouble with the ArmyTrouble with the Army Army commander Army commander

Felix Huston Felix Huston wanted to invade wanted to invade Mexico.Mexico.

President Houston President Houston intervened and intervened and sent most of the sent most of the soldiers homesoldiers home on on furlough furlough (extended leave)(extended leave)

Texas Favor AnnexationTexas Favor Annexation

Most Texans wanted Most Texans wanted immediate annexation to the immediate annexation to the United StatesUnited States

Many Texans had come from Many Texans had come from the US the US

Texas heavily in debt from warTexas heavily in debt from war Mexico still a threat a threat Mexico still a threat a threat and and

Texans wanted US protection.Texans wanted US protection.

The United States Delays The United States Delays AnnexationAnnexation

Annexation was delayed Annexation was delayed because the US did not want because the US did not want to damage relations with to damage relations with Mexico.Mexico.

Antislavery groups in the Antislavery groups in the United States did not want United States did not want Texas to join the Union as Texas to join the Union as a slave state.a slave state.

Recognition as a NationRecognition as a Nation On March 3, 1837 On March 3, 1837

President Andrew President Andrew Jackson granted Jackson granted official recognition official recognition of Texas as a nation.of Texas as a nation.

Houston appointed J. Houston appointed J. Pinckney Henderson Pinckney Henderson ambassador.ambassador.

Henderson arranged Henderson arranged trade treaties with trade treaties with France and England.France and England.

J. Pinckney HendersonJ. Pinckney HendersonAmbassador of the Ambassador of the Republic of TexasRepublic of Texas

Native American and Texan Native American and Texan ConflictsConflicts

During war During war Cherokee Cherokee promised to promised to remain peaceful in remain peaceful in return for rights return for rights to their land.to their land.

The Texas Senate The Texas Senate later refused to later refused to honor the treatyhonor the treaty

Indian affairsIndian affairs

Treaties violated by Texan Treaties violated by Texan CongressCongress

pretended war-time pretended war-time representatives didn’t have representatives didn’t have authorityauthority

Texas settlers are moving WestTexas settlers are moving West big increase after revolutionbig increase after revolution They take Comanche landsThey take Comanche lands

Reprisal RaidsReprisal Raids

begin 1836-1837begin 1836-1837

most famous is most famous is on on Fort ParkerFort Parker and and Parker FarmParker Farm

Cynthia Ann Cynthia Ann ParkerParker-girl of -girl of about 12, about 12, captured with captured with others in 1837.others in 1837.

Texas Debt SoarsTexas Debt Soars Texas Congress wants to collect Texas Congress wants to collect owed debtowed debtand take care of unpaid bills and take care of unpaid bills from Tex Rev.from Tex Rev.

To raise money, they create:To raise money, they create:

TARIFFS on imported goodsTARIFFS on imported goodsTaxes on propertyTaxes on propertyTaxesTaxes on businesseson businessesFeesFees on Land title registrationon Land title registration

Texas Debt SoarsTexas Debt Soars

The taxes were The taxes were difficult to collectdifficult to collect

the government the government continued to spend continued to spend more than it more than it collected.collected.

Interest paymentsInterest payments cause debt to cause debt to continue to soarcontinue to soar

The Release of Santa The Release of Santa AnnaAnna

Santa Anna Santa Anna was released was released in Nov. 1836.in Nov. 1836.

He returned to He returned to Mexico aboard Mexico aboard the Republic the Republic of Texas ship of Texas ship InvincibleInvincible

Santa Anna’s Comment Santa Anna’s Comment Upon ReleaseUpon Release

"My Friends: I have been a "My Friends: I have been a witness of your courage on the witness of your courage on the field of battle, and know you to field of battle, and know you to be generous. Rely with be generous. Rely with confidence on my sincerity and confidence on my sincerity and you shall never have cause to you shall never have cause to regret the kindness shown me. regret the kindness shown me.

In returning to my native In returning to my native land, I beg you to receive the land, I beg you to receive the sincere thanks of your grateful sincere thanks of your grateful friend. Farewell! Antonio Lopez friend. Farewell! Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna." de Santa Anna." 

Santa Anna’s return to Santa Anna’s return to MexicoMexico

Upon return, he immediately Upon return, he immediately renounced the promises he had made renounced the promises he had made in Texas.in Texas.

He refused to recognize Texas’s He refused to recognize Texas’s independence.independence.

Tried in Mexican court for losing TexasTried in Mexican court for losing Texas

The court removes him from office and The court removes him from office and he goes into exilehe goes into exile