sam houston’s government texas history chapter 12

Sam Houston’s Sam Houston’s GovernmentGovernment

Texas HistoryTexas History

Chapter 12Chapter 12

Houston Forms a Houston Forms a GovernmentGovernment

Sam HoustonSam Houston: : first President of first President of TexasTexas

Texas Congress Texas Congress designated the designated the city of city of Houston Houston as the site of the as the site of the Texas capital for Texas capital for three yearsthree years

Texas Republic Texas Republic BoundariesBoundaries Rio GrandeRio Grande River; River;

boundary with boundary with MexicoMexico

Sabine RiverSabine River; ; eastern boundaryeastern boundary

Red RiverRed River; ; northern boundarynorthern boundary

Texas claimed Texas claimed land as far as land as far as Santa FeSanta Fe in the in the NorthwestNorthwest

United States Delays United States Delays AnnexationAnnexation

Mexico refused to Mexico refused to recognize Texas recognize Texas independenceindependence

U.S. President U.S. President Jackson sent Henry Jackson sent Henry Morfit to Texas. Morfit to Texas. Morfit recommended Morfit recommended against annexing against annexing TexasTexas if it meant if it meant damaging relations damaging relations with Mexicowith Mexico

U.S. Recognizes Texas U.S. Recognizes Texas RepublicRepublic

Houston worked to Houston worked to convince U.S. convince U.S. President Jackson President Jackson to recognize Texas to recognize Texas as a nationas a nation

President JacksonPresident Jackson granted official granted official recognition of recognition of Texas on March 3, Texas on March 3, 18371837

European Nations European Nations Recognize TXRecognize TX

President Houston sent President Houston sent J. Pinckney HendersonJ. Pinckney Henderson to negotiate treaties to negotiate treaties with France and Great with France and Great BritainBritain

European countries European countries thought they would help thought they would help limit U.S. expansionlimit U.S. expansion by by recognizing Texas as its recognizing Texas as its own republicown republic

Native American Native American ConflictsConflicts

To stop Native To stop Native American raids, American raids, President President Houston Houston enlisted the enlisted the help of the help of the Texas RangersTexas Rangers..

Native American Native American ConflictsConflicts

Cynthia Ann ParkerCynthia Ann Parker, , a settler from Ft. a settler from Ft. Parker near present-Parker near present-day Groesbeck, was day Groesbeck, was kidnapped by the kidnapped by the Comanches.Comanches.

She became the mother She became the mother of the last Comanche of the last Comanche chief, Quanah Parkerchief, Quanah Parker

http://http://www.lnstar.com/mall/www.lnstar.com/mall/texasinfo/quanah.htmtexasinfo/quanah.htm

Texas Debt SoarsTexas Debt Soars ExpendituresExpenditures: :

money paid outmoney paid out RevenueRevenue: money : money

receivedreceived Texas had Texas had

unpaid bills for unpaid bills for the supplies and the supplies and equipment of equipment of the revolutionthe revolution

Texas Debt SoarsTexas Debt Soars Congress tried to Congress tried to

provide revenue for provide revenue for the Republic by the Republic by placing tariffs on placing tariffs on imports and by imports and by imposing property imposing property and business taxesand business taxes

Congress did NOT Congress did NOT place tax on personal place tax on personal incomeincome

Lamar Becomes Lamar Becomes PresidentPresident

Sam Houston did not seek Sam Houston did not seek a 2nd consecutive term as a 2nd consecutive term as President of the Republic President of the Republic of Texasof Texas

Texas Constitution Texas Constitution forbade Presidents from forbade Presidents from serving consecutive termsserving consecutive terms

Mirabeau Lamar: Vice Mirabeau Lamar: Vice President under HoustonPresident under Houston

President LamarPresident Lamar

Improving Improving education was education was an important an important goalgoal

““Father of Father of Education”Education” in in TexasTexas

Capital of RepublicCapital of Republic City of Houston served as City of Houston served as capital capital

for first three yearsfor first three years of the Republic of the Republic President LamarPresident Lamar wanted to expand wanted to expand

Texas westwardTexas westward 1839, capital moved west to village 1839, capital moved west to village

of Waterloo on the Colorado River; of Waterloo on the Colorado River; town renamed Austin in honor of town renamed Austin in honor of Stephen F. AustinStephen F. Austin

Native American PolicyNative American Policy

President President Lamar Lamar reversedreversed former former President President Houston’s Houston’s policy toward policy toward CherokeeCherokee settlements in East settlements in East TexasTexas

Lamar ordered the Lamar ordered the Cherokees removed Cherokees removed from Texasfrom Texas

Native American PolicyNative American Policy Council House Council House

FightFight Comanches, led by Comanches, led by

Buffalo Hump, Buffalo Hump, attacked Anglo attacked Anglo settlers settlers to avenge to avenge the deaths during the deaths during the Council House the Council House FightFight

Texas Rebuilds NavyTexas Rebuilds Navy

Lamar hoped Mexico would recognize Lamar hoped Mexico would recognize Texas Texas

Navy aided rebels in YucatanNavy aided rebels in Yucatan who were who were fighting for independence from Mexicofighting for independence from Mexico

Santa Fe ExpeditionSanta Fe Expedition

Lamar send Lamar send expedition to expedition to control region and control region and open tradeopen trade

Expedition suffered Expedition suffered hardships: hardships: heat, heat, lack of water and lack of water and food, attacks by food, attacks by Native AmericansNative Americans

Financial DifficultiesFinancial Difficulties

Indian wars were Indian wars were costlycostly

Increased size of Increased size of Texas navyTexas navy

““redbacks” worth redbacks” worth 15 cents on the 15 cents on the dollardollar

Texas debt rose to Texas debt rose to $7 million under $7 million under LamarLamar

Houston Regains Houston Regains PresidencyPresidency

Mexican troops Mexican troops invaded Texas in invaded Texas in response to the failed response to the failed Santa Fe expeditionSanta Fe expedition

President Houston President Houston wanted to save wanted to save archives, or official archives, or official documentsdocuments by moving by moving themthem

Archive WarArchive War

Government Government officials tried to officials tried to move archivesmove archives from Austin. from Austin.

Archives and Archives and capital capital remained in remained in AustinAustin..

Treaty of 1844Treaty of 1844

Treaty between Treaty between Republic of Republic of Texas and U.S.Texas and U.S.

Texas became a Texas became a territory of the territory of the U.S.U.S.

U.S. would pay U.S. would pay all debtsall debts of the of the Republic Republic

U.S. Considers TX U.S. Considers TX AnnexationAnnexation

Although Texas Although Texas was now a U.S. was now a U.S. territory, territory, President John President John Tyler asked Tyler asked Congress to Congress to reconsiderreconsider the the annexationannexation of of Texas as a stateTexas as a state

U.S. President PolkU.S. President Polk

James PolkJames Polk became U.S. became U.S. President in 1844President in 1844

His election His election showed that most showed that most American voters American voters wanted to annex wanted to annex Texas as a stateTexas as a state

Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny

Many Americans Many Americans believed that the believed that the United States United States would expand would expand from the Atlantic from the Atlantic Ocean to the Ocean to the Pacific OceanPacific Ocean

““Manifest Manifest Destiny”Destiny”

Texas AnnexationTexas Annexation 1845 joint resolution 1845 joint resolution

of U.S. Congressof U.S. Congress Anson Jones, last Anson Jones, last

president of Texaspresident of Texas, , and Texas Congress and Texas Congress met in special met in special session to approve session to approve annexationannexation

Feb. 19, 1846: Texas Feb. 19, 1846: Texas officially became the officially became the 2828thth state in the U.S state in the U.S..

ReviewReview

President Houston did not run President Houston did not run for a 2for a 2ndnd consecutive term consecutive term becausebecause

a.a. He was a weak leaderHe was a weak leader

b.b. Lamar was against himLamar was against him

c.c. Texas Constitution forbade itTexas Constitution forbade it

ReviewReview

Comanches, led by Buffalo Hump, Comanches, led by Buffalo Hump, attacked Anglo settlers toattacked Anglo settlers to

a.a. Avenge the deaths during the Avenge the deaths during the Council House FightCouncil House Fight

b.b. Bring about peace with TexasBring about peace with Texas

c.c. Prevent the encroachment of white Prevent the encroachment of white settlers on their landssettlers on their lands

ReviewReview

This U.S. President granted This U.S. President granted official recognition of Texas on official recognition of Texas on March 3, 1837March 3, 1837

a.a. President JeffersonPresident Jefferson

b.b. President JacksonPresident Jackson

c.c. President LamarPresident Lamar

ReviewReview

Santa Fe Expedition endured Santa Fe Expedition endured all of these hardships EXCEPTall of these hardships EXCEPT

a.a. HeatHeat

b.b. Native American attacksNative American attacks

c.c. MalariaMalaria

ReviewReview

Henry Morfit’s report to Henry Morfit’s report to President Jackson President Jackson recommendedrecommended

a.a. Statehood for TexasStatehood for Texas

b.b. Delaying recognition of TexasDelaying recognition of Texas

c.c. Texas annexation to the U.S.Texas annexation to the U.S.

ReviewReview

All of the following were All of the following were provisions of the 1844 treaty provisions of the 1844 treaty EXCEPTEXCEPT

a.a. Texas would become a U.S. stateTexas would become a U.S. state

b.b. Texas would become a U.S. Texas would become a U.S. territoryterritory

c.c. U.S. would pay all debts of the U.S. would pay all debts of the Republic of TexasRepublic of Texas

ReviewReview

The last President of Texas wasThe last President of Texas was

a.a. Anson JonesAnson Jones

b.b. Andrew JacksonAndrew Jackson

c.c. Sam HoustonSam Houston

ReviewReview

Texas Navy aided rebels in Texas Navy aided rebels in Yucatan who wereYucatan who were

a.a. Invading the United StatesInvading the United States

b.b. Traveling to CaliforniaTraveling to California

c.c. Fighting for independence from Fighting for independence from MexicoMexico

ReviewReview

Texas Congress took all these Texas Congress took all these steps to provide revenue for the steps to provide revenue for the republic EXCEPTrepublic EXCEPT

a.a. Impose property and business Impose property and business taxestaxes

b.b. Place a tariff on various good Place a tariff on various good imported into Texasimported into Texas

c.c. Place a tax on personal incomePlace a tax on personal income

ReviewReview

A major reason for delaying A major reason for delaying Texas annexation wasTexas annexation was

a.a. Slavery had been abolishedSlavery had been abolished

b.b. Texas had huge debtsTexas had huge debts

c.c. Mexico refused to recognize Mexico refused to recognize Texas independenceTexas independence

ReviewReview

Expenditures are ________; Expenditures are ________; Revenues are _____.Revenues are _____.

a.a. Money received; money paid outMoney received; money paid out

b.b. Money paid out; money receivedMoney paid out; money received

c.c. Taxes; tariffsTaxes; tariffs

ReviewReview

Who was the person who Who was the person who traveled to Great Britain and traveled to Great Britain and France to negotiate treaties?France to negotiate treaties?

a.a. J. Pinckney HendersonJ. Pinckney Henderson

b.b. Sam HoustonSam Houston

c.c. Anson JonesAnson Jones

ReviewReview

At the end of President Lamar’s At the end of President Lamar’s term, the Republic’s public term, the Republic’s public debt wasdebt was

a.a. $5 million$5 million

b.b. $7 million$7 million

c.c. $10 million$10 million

ReviewReview

As a result of the Archives War,As a result of the Archives War,

a.a. The capital remained in AustinThe capital remained in Austin

b.b. Many people fled to San Many people fled to San AntonioAntonio

c.c. Lamar was elected President of Lamar was elected President of the Republicthe Republic

ReviewReview

Improving education was an Improving education was an important goal for Texas important goal for Texas presidentpresident

a.a. Sam HoustonSam Houston

b.b. Mirabeau LamarMirabeau Lamar

c.c. Anson JonesAnson Jones

ReviewReview

To stop raids by Native To stop raids by Native Americans, President Houston Americans, President Houston enlisted the help of theenlisted the help of the

a.a. Texas RangersTexas Rangers

b.b. Texas ArmyTexas Army

c.c. SpanishSpanish

ReviewReview

The victory of James Polk as U.S. The victory of James Polk as U.S. President in 1844 may have indicated President in 1844 may have indicated thatthat

a.a. Texans were not interested in Texans were not interested in annexationannexation

b.b. Only Great Britain stood in the way Only Great Britain stood in the way of Texas annexationof Texas annexation

c.c. Most Americans favored the Most Americans favored the annexation of Texasannexation of Texas

ReviewReview

The girl kidnapped from The girl kidnapped from Parker’s Fort in raids by the Parker’s Fort in raids by the Comanches and Kiowas wasComanches and Kiowas was

a.a. Cynthia Ann ParkerCynthia Ann Parker

b.b. Cynthia Marie ParkerCynthia Marie Parker

c.c. Cynthia Ann JonesCynthia Ann Jones

ReviewReview

Manifest Destiny was the belief Manifest Destiny was the belief thatthat

a.a. War with Mexico was inevitableWar with Mexico was inevitable

b.b. The U.S. would expand from The U.S. would expand from coast to coastcoast to coast

c.c. Slavery was a necessary evilSlavery was a necessary evil

ReviewReview

The first President of Texas was The first President of Texas was ______; the “Father of Texas” was ______; the “Father of Texas” was __________.__________.

a.a. Sam Houston; Stephen F. AustinSam Houston; Stephen F. Austin

b.b. Stephen F. Austin; Moses AustinStephen F. Austin; Moses Austin

c.c. Mirabeau Lamar; Stephen F. Mirabeau Lamar; Stephen F. AustinAustin

ReviewReview

This U.S. President first asked This U.S. President first asked Congress to reconsider the Congress to reconsider the annexation of Texas as a U.S. annexation of Texas as a U.S. statestate

a.a. James PolkJames Polk

b.b. Andrew JacksonAndrew Jackson

c.c. John TylerJohn Tyler

ReviewReview

President Lamar was pleased President Lamar was pleased the capital of Texas was moved the capital of Texas was moved toto

a.a. AustinAustin

b.b. HoustonHouston

c.c. San AntonioSan Antonio

ReviewReview

The capital of Texas for three The capital of Texas for three years wasyears was

a.a. HoustonHouston

b.b. AustinAustin

c.c. San AntonioSan Antonio

ReviewReview Texas wanted to claim this Texas wanted to claim this

trading center on the Upper Rio trading center on the Upper Rio Grande River; this city was the Grande River; this city was the farthest north in the Republicfarthest north in the Republic

a.a. San AntonioSan Antonio

b.b. San AngeloSan Angelo

c.c. Santa FeSanta Fe

ReviewReview

Texas no longer includes this town; Texas no longer includes this town; these boundaries are the same today these boundaries are the same today as during the days of the Republicas during the days of the Republic

a.a. San Angelo; Red River, Brazos River, San Angelo; Red River, Brazos River, Rio GrandeRio Grande

b.b. Santa Fe; Red River, Sabine River, Santa Fe; Red River, Sabine River, Rio GrandeRio Grande

c.c. Santa Clara; Brazos River, Canadian Santa Clara; Brazos River, Canadian River, Rio GrandeRiver, Rio Grande

Good Luck on the Test!!Good Luck on the Test!!

sam houston’s government texas history chapter 12

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