samoqalaqo ganatlebis studentis...

International Foundation for Electoral Systems7 Niko Nikoladze Street, 0108 Tbilisi, GeorgiaTel: +995 32 2 999 309www.facebook.com/IFES1987www.IFES.org

samoqalaqo ganaTlebissauniversiteto kursi

studentis wigni

demokratia damoqalaqeoba

Tbilisi

TelavigoriquTaisi

zugdidi

baTumi axalcixe

„demokratia da moqalaqeoba“samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sauniversiteto kursi

studentis wigni

2013

es gamocema Sedga amerikeli xalxis daxmarebiT amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis

saagentos (USAID) meSveobiT. studentis wigni aris erTpirovnulad avtoris pasuxismgeblobiT Sedgenili da ar

gamoxatavs saarCevno sistemebis saerTaSoriso fondis, USAID-is an amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis mTavrobis

mosazrebebs.

grier burousi

saarCevno sistemebis saerTaSoriso fondis eqsperti samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sferoSi

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ISBN - 978-9941-0-5978-0

Sinaarsi

studentTa samoqmedo proeqtze muSaobis gegma --------------------------------------------- 04

Sesavali --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 05

studentTa samoqmedo proeqti ------------------------------------------------------------------ 07

studentTa samoqmedo proeqtebis magaliTebi ----------------------------------- 08

safexuri 1 da 2: problemis gamovlena, kvleva da gansazRvra ------------------------------ 11

problemebis gamovlena --------------------------------------------------------------- 11

sakiTxis SerCevis saxelmZRvanelo principebi ------------------------------------ 11

SerCeuli sakiTxis Seswavla --------------------------------------------------------- 12

kvlevasTan dakavSirebuli rCevebi ------------------------------------------------- 13

adamianebi, rogorc kvlevis wyaro ------------------------------------------------- 19

gamokiTxvisa da gasaubrebis gziT

mopovebuli monacemebis analizi --------------------------------------------------- 24

safexuri 3 da 6: kursiT miRebuli codnis

gamoyeneba proeqtis Temaze muSaobisas ------------------------------------------- 27

safexuri 3: problemis analizi mTavrobis mier

ganxorcielebuli saqmianobebis perspeqtividan --------------------------------- 27

safexuri 4: problemis analizi adamianis

uflebebis perspeqtividan ----------------------------------------------------------- 28

safexuri 5: problemis analizi samoqalaqo sazogadoebis

CarTulobis perspeqtividan --------------------------------------------------------- 29

safexuri 6: problemis analizi calkeuli moqalaqeebis

CarTulobis perspeqtividan --------------------------------------------------------- 30

safexuri 7: samoqmedo gegmis SemuSaveba ------------------------------------------------------- 33

safexuri 8 da 9: jgufuri naSromisa da prezentaciis

momzadeba da wardgena ---------------------------------------------------------------- 36

safexuri 10: miRebuli gamocdilebis Sefaseba ----------------------------------------------- 38

danarTi ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 39

4

studentTa samoqmedo proeqtze muSaobis gegma

kvira 1 - safexuri 1 sazogadoebrivi problemebis ganxilva

kvira 2 - safexuri 1 da 2 sazogadoebrivi problemebis ganxilva, winaswari Seswavla

kvira 3 - safexuri 1 da 2 problemis SerCeva da kvlevis dawyeba

kvira 4 - safexuri 1 da 2 problemis kvleva

kvira 5 - safexuri 3 problemis analizi: mTavrobis pasuximgebloba da misi SesaZlo qmedebebi

kvira 6 da 7 - problemis kvleva

kvira 8 - safexuri 4 problemis analizi: adamianis uflebaTa darRvevis sakiTxebi da maTi gadaWris gzebi

kvira 9 - problemis kvleva

kvira 10 - safexuri 5 problemis analizi: samoqalaqo sazogadoebis roli an mis mier SesaZlo qmedebebi aRniSnuli sakiTxis mosagvareblad

kvira 11 - kvleva

kvira 12 - safexuri 6 problemis analizi: qmedebebi, romelTa ganxorcieleba SeuZliaT calkeul moqa-laqeebs raimes Sesacvlelad

kvira 13 - safexuri 7 samoqmedo gegmis Camoyalibeba

kvira 14 da 15 - safexuri 8, 9 da 10 studentTa samoqmedo proeqtis naSromis momzadeba, prezentaciis Catareba, TviTSefasebebisa da ukukavSiris ganxorcieleba

5

“demokratia maSinaa efeqturi, Tu xalxi mas gaiTavisebs“bil moiersi, 2007 wlis 22 ianvari, amerikeli Jurnalisti

da TeTri saxlis yofili pres-mdivani

Sesavali

ratom aris mniSvnelovani is, rom xalxs demokratia „gaTavisebuli hqondes“ da rogor SeiZleba amis miRweva? kursi „moqalaqeoba da demokratia“ dagexmarebaT, pasuxi gasceT kiTxvis pirvel nawils. kerZod, sakiTxavi masalebisa da davalebebis saSualebiT Tqven miiRebT informacias imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra pirobebi uwyobs xels demokratiis ganviTare-bas da ra roli ekisrebaT moqalaqeebs jansaRi demokratiis SenarCunebaSi. demokra-tiuli sistemebi saSualebas aZlevT moqalaqeebs gavlena moaxdinon gadawyvetilebis miRebis procesze masSi monawileobiTa da xelisuflebisTvis sakuTari poziciis gaziarebis saSualebiT. aRniSnuli ara mxolod demokratiis dadebiT mxares warmoadgens, aramed misi aucilebeli damaxasiaTebeli Tvisebacaa. rodesac moqalaqeebi ver axdenen TavianTi xelisuflebis saqmianobis kontrols, arsebobs safrTxe imisa, rom xelisuflebis liderebma mxolod sakuTari interesebis sasargeblod imoqmedon, rac droTa ganmavlobaSi SesaZloa adamianis uflebebis darRvevaSic gadaizardos. aSkaraa, rom aq-tiuri moqalaqeobis arsebobaSi dainteresebuli arian rogorc calkeuli pirovnebebi, aseve sazogadoeba.

ra unda moimoqmedon moqalaqeebma sakuTari uflebebisa da interesebis, zogadad, demokratiuli sistemis xelSewyobisa da dacvis mizniT? araerTi mecnieri iziarebs im azrs, rom moqalaqeebma pirvel rigSi sistema da TavianTi uflebebi unda icodnen, raSic es saxelmZRvanelo da saklaso aqtivobebi dagexmarebaT. amavdroulad, efeqturi demokratiuli monawileobisaTvis mxolod codna ar aris sakmarisi, saamisod garkveul unar-Cvevebsac unda flobdeT, romelTa nawili Tqvens saxelmZRvaneloSia warmodgeni-li. isini, aseve SegiZliaT ixiloT qvemoT moyvanil cxrilSi.

demokratiul moqalaqeobasTan dakavSirebuli unar-Cvevebi

1. kritikuli azrovneba

2. informirebuli, sapasuxismgeblo gadawyvetilebis miReba

3. informaciis analizi

4. informaciis Sefaseba

5. sakiTxebis ganxilva da sxvadasxva mosazrebebis gaTvaliswineba

6. tendenciurobis, mosazrebisa da konteqstis gaTvaliswineba, wyaros sandoobis Sefaseba

7. mimdinare movlenebisa da sakiTxebis Seswavla

8. informaciis safuZvelze kiTxvebis formulireba

9. informaciis mosapoveblad efeqturi strategiebis gamoyeneba

10. werilobiTi, zepiri da cxrilis saxiT informaciis Sejereba

11. miznis misaRwevad sxvebTan TanamSromloba

12. lideroba

13. problemis gadawyveta

14. efeqturi da racionaluri argumentis moyvana

6

rogor xdeba zemoT CamoTvlili unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba? yvela sxva danarCeni unar- Cvevebis msgavsad, maTi ganviTareba xdeba swavlebisa da praqtikaSi gamoyenebis proces-Si. swored es warmoadgens studentTa samoqmedo proeqtis umTavres mizans. winamdebare saxelmZRvanelo ki am procesSi dagexmarebaT. saxelmZRvaneloSi moyvanili aqtivobebis nawili xels uwyobs iseTi unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebas, romelic kvlevis Casatareb-lad, problemis gadasaWrelad Tu efeqturi argumentis SesamuSaveblad dagWirdebaT. damatebiT, saSualeba geqnebaT SeiZinoT iseTi unar-Cvevebi, romelic dagexmarebaT adgilobrivi sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebTan da liderebTan urTierTobaSi, xelmZRva- nelis rolis morgebaSi, sakuTari miznebisa da amocanebis organizebasa da ganxor-cielebaSi. miRebuli gamocdilebiT SeZlebT, siRrmiseulad gaiazroT sazogadoebaSi Tqveni, rogorc moqalaqis roli da ganaviTaroT sasargeblo unar-Cvevebi.

7

studentTa samoqmedo proeqti

studentTa samoqmedo proeqti saSualebas mogcemT, CaerToT Temisa Tu sazogadoebi-saTvis aqtualuri problemis kritikul SefasebaSi. daskvnebis gamotanamde da samoqmedo gegmis SemuSavebamde mocemuli problema siRrmiseulad unda SeiswavloT, rac gulisxmobs gamomwvevi mizezebisa da masTan dakavSirebuli sxva sakiTxebis, agreTve gansxvavebuli mosazrebebis Seswavlas. es procesi ramdenime etaps moicavs, rac pir-vel rigSi gulisxmobs problemis analizs oTx sxvadasxva WrilSi: 1) mTavrobis pasuxismgebloba da is konkretuli nabijebi, romelTa gadadgmac SeuZlia mTavrobas mocemuli problemis gadasaWrelad; 2) adamianis uflebebis savaraudo darRvevebi da maTze re-agirebis saSualebebi; 3) ra rols TamaSobs da ra roli SeuZlia iTamaSos samoqalaqo sazogadoebam problemis gadaWraSi; 4) ra wvlilis Setana SeuZliaT problemis mogvare-baSi calkeul moqalaqeebs.

Tqvens mier proeqtis ganxorcielebis procesSi gasavleli safexurebia:

safexuri 1: sazogadoebrivi problemis gamovlena da kvlevis ganxorcieleba

safexuri 2: problemis an problemebis gansazRvra

safexuri 3: problemis analizi mTavrobis mier ganxorcielebuli saqmianobebis perspeqtividan

safexuri 4: problemis analizi adamianis uflebebis perspeqtividan

safexuri 5: problemis analizi samoqalaqo sazogadoebis CarTulobis perspeqtividan

safexuri 6: problemis analizi calkeuli moqalaqeebis CarTulobis perspeqtividan

safexuri 7: samoqmedo gegmis formulireba, romelic problemis gadaWris gzad saxavs saswavlo kursis farglebSi ganxilul erT an met Temas

safexuri 8: jgufuri naSromisa da prezentaciis momzadeba, romelic gansazRvravs problemas, aRwers/asabuTebs saqmianobisTvis SerCeul samoqmedo gegmas.

safexuri 9: prezentaciis gamarTva saklaso oTaxSi da kiTxvebze pasuxis gacema

safexuri10: TiToeuli monawilis mier proeqtis farglebSi miRebuligamocdilebis werilobiTi aRwera

winamdebare saxelmZRvanelo gTavazobT yvela zemoT CamoTvlili nabijis detalur ganmartebas, agreTve proeqtis TiToeuli etapis gansaxorcieleblad saWiro informa-ciasa da resursebs. sanam sakuTari proeqtis ganxorcielebas SeudgebodeT, gaecaniT saqarTveloSi sxva universitetebis studentebis mier ganxorcielebuli proeqtebis Sesaxeb informacias.

8

studentTa samoqmedo proeqtebis magaliTebi

2011 wels saqarTvelos umaRles saswavleblebSi danergvis Semdeg, saswavlo kursi „demokratia da moqalaqeoba“ aTasobiT studentma gaiara. amasTanave, ganxorcielda araerTi samoqmedo proeqti, romelTa farglebSi studentebma SearCies rogorc adgilobrivi, ise qveynis masStabiT mosaxleobisTvis aqtualuri sakiTxebi. magaliTad: aras-rulwlovanTaTvis alkoholis miyidva; moqalaqeebis mier sazogadoebrivi transportiT sargeblobis Rirebulebis gadaxdis problema; sursaTis etiketirebis praqtikis gaum-jobeseba momxmarebelTa usafrTxoebis dasacavad; bunebrivi resursebis konservacia; seqsualuri umciresobebis, trefikingisa da prostituciis msxverplTa dacva; ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplTaTvis, daavadebuli mozardebisaTvis da izolirebuli xandazmu-li moqalaqeebisaTvis gaweuli daxmarebisa da Seqmnili pirobebis gaumjobeseba. studentTa samoqmedo proeqti xorcieldeba nabij-nabij, rac iZleva imis saSualebas, rom studentebma arCeuli Temebi sxvadasxva perspeqtividan ganixilon da Sesabamisad dasaxon problemis gadaWris saboloo gza. miuxedavad imisa, rom proeqtebis umrav-lesobis saboloo samoqmedo gegmebi saswavlo kursis farglebSi ganxilul erTze met Temas aerTianeben, meti TvalsaCinoebisTvis qvemoT moyvanil magaliTebSi win wamovwieT erTi ZiriTadi Tema.

Tema 1 - sajaro administraciis sistemebi: mTavrobis pasuxismgebloba da mis mier SesaZlo ganxorcielebuli saqmianobebi

SuqniSnebi

studentTa jgufma gaarkvia, rom mniSvnelovan adgilebSi SuqniSnebis nakleboba adgi-lobrivi mosaxleobisTvis aqtualur problemas warmoadgenda. studentTa mier Catare-buli kvlevis Sedegad gairkva, rom SuqniSnebis nakleboba bevri ubeduri SemTxvevis mizezi xdeba, aferxebs fexiT mosiaruleebis moZraobas da riskis qveS ayenebs maT usaf- rTxoebas. studentebma daadgines, rom problemis mogvareba unda moxdes adgilobriv mmarTvelobasTan TanamSromlobiT.

SuqniSnebis aucileblobaSi adgilobrivi mTavrobis dasarwmuneblad studentebma warmoadgines statistikuri informacia da im problemebis magaliTebi, rasac SuqniS-nebis nakleboba iwvevs. studentebma agreTve warmoadgines im adgilebis detaluri gegma ruqebiTa da naxazebiT, sadac saWiroa SuqniSnebis damontaJeba. imis saCveneblad, rom sazogadoeba municipalitetis mier qmediTi nabijebis gadadgmas moelis, studen-tebma adgilobriv xelisuflebas warudgines mosaxleobis mier xelmowerili peticia. studentebis mier ganxorcielebuli samuSaoebis Sedegad, xelisuflebis warmomad-genlebi darwmundnen SuqniSnebis problemis aRmosafxvrelad saWiro zomebis miRe-bis aucileblobaSi. amJamad SuqniSnebi damontaJebulia studentebis mier miTiTebul adgilebSi.

Tema 2 - adamianis uflebebi: adamianis uflebebis darRvevis SemTxvevebi da maTze reagireba

Tanabari xelmisawvdomoba ganaTlebaze

studentebma daadgines, rom saqarTveloSi garkveuli kategoriis pirebs ganaTlebaze Tanabrad ar miuwvdebaT xeli. aRniSnul Temaze ori proeqti ganxorcielda, romel-

9

ic daeTmo oblebisa da usinaTloebisaTvis saganmanaTleblo SesaZleblobebis gaum-jobesebas. erT-erTi proeqtis farglebSi studentebma gamoikvlies aWaris regionSi mdebare TavSesafarSi mcxovrebi udedmamo bavSvebis ganaTlebasTan dakavSirebuli problemebi. studentebi xelmZRvanelobdnen im principiT, rom ganaTlebaze xelmisaw-vdomoba adamianis uflebas warmoadgens. miuxedavad amisa, araerT udedmamo mozards ganaTlebis Tanabar pirobebSi miRebis SesaZlebloba ar hqonda. studentebma proeqti ganaxorcieles ganaTlebis saministrosTan, sabavSvo fsiqologTan da TavSesafris war-momadgenlebTan TanamSromlobiT. maT daadgines, rom ganaTlebis Tanabari pirobebis Seqmnas xels Seuwyobda erT-erT TavSesafarSi biblioTekis mowyoba. saWiro finansuri saxsrebis moZiebis mizniT studentebma TavianT universitetSi warmatebiT gamarTes saqvelmoqmedo koncerti da biblioTekisTvis saWiro wignebi SeiZines. amasTan, Tav-SesafarSi mcxovreb mozardebs araerTi studenti swavlaSi piradad exmareboda, riTac xels uwyobda obolTaTvis ganaTlebis arsebuli pirobebis gaumjobesebas.

erT-erT universitetSi ki studentebi dainteresdnen SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone (SSm) pirTa ganaTlebis uflebiT. studentTa erT-erTma jgufma daadgina, rom xSirad, audio wignebis naklebobis gamo, usinaTloebs ganaTlebis Tanabar pirobeb-ze ar miuwvdebodaT xeli. studentebma gadawyvites, usinaTloebisTvis daemzadebinaT „demokratiisa da moqalaqeobis“ saxelmZRvanelos audio Canaweri, raTa usinaTlo stu-dentebs ganaTlebis Tanabari SesaZlebloba hqonodaT. studentebma gaacnobieres, rom meti audio Canaweris dasamzadeblad damatebiTi fuladi resursebi iyo saWiro. uni-versitetTan TanamSromlobis Sedegad maT waradgines sagranto ganacxadi „sorosis fondSi“ da miiRes dafinanseba saWiro mowyobilobis SesaZenad. studentebma Tavad gaa-keTes sxvadasxva saganmanaTleblo masalis Canawerebi, riTac usinaTloebs saSualeba misces, esargeblaT ganaTlebis uflebiT.

Tema 3 - samoqalaqo sazogadoeba: ra rols TamaSobs da ra roli SeuZlia iTamaSos samoqa-laqo sazogadoebam problemis gadaWraSi

sisxlis donacia

studentTa erT-erTma jgufma saqarTveloSi sisxlis donaciis problemis Seswavla gadawyvita da daadgina, rom sisxlis donaciaSi saqarTvelos moqalaqeTa umniSvnelo raodenoba (3%) iRebs monawileobas, rac arasakmarisia arsebuli samedicino moTxov-nilebis dasakmayofileblad. studentebma aseve gaarkvies, rom moqalaqeTa aqtiurobis ZiriTadi damabrkolebeli garemoeba sisxlis donaciis mimarTulebiT sazogadoebaSi cnobierebis nakleboba da dezinformaciaa. studentebma gamoavlines is arasamTavrobo organizaciebi, romlebic ukve muSaoben aRniSnulo problemis mogvarebaze da maTTan TanamSromlobiT ganaxorcieles sainformacio kampania. agreTve, koordinireba gauwies sisxlis Cabarebis aqciebs. Sedegad, sisxlis uangaro donaciaSi studentebis aqtiuro-bis done mniSvnelovnad gaizarda.

studentebma gaacnobieres, rom sisxlis donaciis problema qveyanaSi kvlav aqtualu-ri iqneboda, amitom nawilma gadawyvita, Camoeyalibebina arasamTavrobo organizacia, romlis mizania sazogadoebis informireba sisxlis donaciis sakiTxebze da moxalise donorebis raodenobis gazrda. amasTan, studentebis mier Seqmnili arasamTavrobo or-ganizacia sazogadoebrivi interesebis ukeT dasacavad sisxlis donaciasTan dakavSire-biT Sesabamis sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebs uwevs lobirebas sakanonmdeblo organos wi-naSe.

10

Tema 4 - demokratia da moqalaqeTa monawileoba: calkeuli moqalaqeebis wvlili cvli-lebis ganxorcielebaSi

informaciis gaziareba

bolo magaliTidan Cans, Tu ra roli SeuZliaT iTamaSon moqalaqeebma adgilobriv sazogadoebaSi dadebiTi cvlilebebis mosaxdenad. studentebis erT-erTma jguf-ma gamoavlina, rom ar arsebobs saganmanaTleblo da profesiuli SesaZleblobebis (mag. gacvliTi programebis) Sesaxeb axalgazrdebis informirebis saimedo da farTod gavrcelebuli meTodi. problemis gadaWris mizniT, studentebma Seqmnes gverdi Face-book-ze, saxelwodebiT „iyavi aqtiuri“. vebgverdis administrirebas axdenen Tavad stu-dentebi da regularulad aaxleben masze ganTavsebul informacias. amasTan, momsaxure-bis gaumjobesebis mizniT, saWiroebebisa da xarvezebis gamosavlenad, isini awarmoeben momxmarebelTa gamokiTxvas. aseTi Zalisxmevis Sedegad studentebma SeZles arsebuli sainformacio vakuumis amovseba, amasTan gamokiTxvebis dros maTi Tanatolebis mier gamoTqmuli kmayofileba adasturebs, rom aRniSnuli momsaxureba metad efeqturia. rogorc xedavT, qarTveli studentebi adgilobrivi da sazogado problemebis gamov-lenasa da gadaWras sakmaod aqtiurad da efeqturad miudgnen. oTxive Temis sxvadasxva perspeqtividan ganxilvisa da analizis safuZvelze maT SeZles yvelaze optimaluri samoqmedo gegmebis dasaxva. saswavlo kursiT da mis farglebSi problemis detaluri kvlevis saSualebiT SeZenili codnis gamoyenebiT, qarTvelma studentebma mniSvnelo-vani wvlili Seitanes sakuTar universitetebSi, soflebSi, qalaqebsa da zogadad, saqar- TveloSi pozitiuri cvlilebis ganxorcielebis saqmeSi.

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safexuri 1 da 2: problemis gamovlena, kvleva da gansazRvra

problemis gamovlena

pirvel rigSi imsjeleT da moaxdineT im sakiTxebis identificireba, romlebic Tqven da Tqvens Tanatolebs adgilobriv sazogadoebaSi, regionSi Tu zogadad, saqarTvelos masStabiT problemurad migaCniaT. gamovlenili sakiTxebi unda iyos mniSvnelovani, bevri adamianisaTvis aqtualuri da misi mogvareba erTze meti pirovnebis Zalisxmevas saWiroebdes. sakiTxis gamovlenamde ramdenime mniSvnelovani nabiji unda gadadgaT. aRniSnul procesSi megzurobas gagiwevT qvemoT warmodgenili informacia. gonebrivi ieriSisa da konkretuli problemis SerCevis procesSi aseve dagexmarebaT cxrili „Temis SerCeva studentTa samoqmedo proeqtisTvis“. (ix. cxrili #1. gverdi 39).

sakiTxis SerCevis saxelmZRvanelo principebi

mizanSewonili ar aris iseTi problemebis SerCeva, romelic piradi xasiaTis problemas warmoadgens an mxolod ramdenime adamianisTvisaa aqtualuri. aseve mizanSewonili ar aris iseTi sakiTxebis SerCeva, romelic ramdenime adamianis TanamSromlobiT advilad mogvardeba, rogoricaa magaliTad, uTanxmoeba or pirovnebas Soris stumrebis manqa-nebis parkirebasTan dakavSirebiT. aseTi sakiTxebis mogvareba, rogorc wesi, xdeba pirovnebebs Soris miRweuli SeTanxmebis safuZvelze. Tumca, Tu es problema, far-TomasStabiania da araerT macxovrebels Soris uTanxmoebis sagans warmoadgens (mag. parkirebis arasakmarisi sivrcis gamo manqanebze xSirad xorcieldeba vandalizmi), igi saWiroebs adgilobrivi mosaxleobis erTobliv Zalisxmevas. kerZod, maT adgilobriv xelisuflebas unda mimarTon parkingisaTvis gamoyofili sivrcis gazrdis an sapatru-lo policiis mier teritoriis mudmivi kontrolis Sesaxeb TxovniT. miznis misaRwevad saWiroa problemis Sesaxeb sazogadoebis cnobierebis amaRleba da adgilobrivi mosax-leobis sruli mxardaWeris mopoveba. swored ase xdeba adgilobriv an erovnul do-neze aqtualuri problemis erToblivi ZalisxmeviT gadaWra. demokratia mosaxleobas saSualebas aZlevs, TavianTi uflebebis ganxorcielebiT moaxdinon, rogorc sakuTari, ise sxvisi cxovrebis pirobebis gaumjobeseba. es imas niSnavs, rom demokratiul siste-maSi moqalaqeoba ara pasiuri, aramed aqtiuri cnebaa.

gonebrivi ieriSisas mniSvnelovania moaxdinoT gamovlenili problemebis Sefaseba. aR-niSnul etapze unda SeadginoT SesaZlo problemebis sia, saidanac Semdeg amoarCevT Temas Tqveni samoqmedo proeqtisTvis. is, rom Tqven koncentrirebulebi iqnebiT siis Sedgenaze da ara pirdapir Temis SerCevaze, saSualebas mogcemT yuradReba miaqci-oT iseT sakiTxebs, romelTac sxva SemTxvevaSi ar gaiTvaliswinebdiT. Tavdapirve-lad problemebis gamovlena SesaZloa rTuladac mogeCvenoT. amitom, mizanSewonilia jer gaesaubroT Tqvens megobrebs, ojaxis wevrebs, sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebs da hkiTxoT, ra miaCniaT maT sazogadoebisaTvis aqtualur problemebad. agreTve, SegiZ- liaT gaecnoT axal ambebs rogorc samauwyeblo ise beWduri mediis saSualebiT, sadac warmodgenili iqneba sxvadasxva aqtualuri sakiTxebi. problemebis gamovlenaSi winam-debare saxelmZRvaneloc dagexmarebaT. saxelmZRvanelos qveTavebSi ganxilul Temebs Soris SesaZloa TqvenTvis saintereso sakiTxsac miagnoT.

mniSvnelovania, rom savaraudo problemebis gamovlenasTan erTad moaxdinoT maTi Ses-wavlac. dasviT Sesabamisi kiTxvebi da ecadeT, miiRoT maqsimalurad detaluri in-formacia mosaxleobisTvis aqtualuri Temebis Sesaxeb, rac samoqmedo proeqtisTvis konkretuli problemis SerCevas gagiadvilebT. mas Semdeg, rac SeadgenT potenciuri

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sakiTxebis sias, jer yuradRebiT mimoixileT ra iciT maT Sesaxeb da mousmineT sxvebs, Tu ra ician maT aRniSnuli sakiTxebis Sesaxeb. Tqvens mier identificirebul Temebs So-ris aarCieT erT-erTi maTgani. Temis arCevis Semdeg SeadgineT jgufi, romelic moce-muli TemiT dainteresebul studentebs gaaerTianebs.

SerCeuli sakiTxis Seswavla

dadga dro, safuZvlianad gamoikvlioT Tqvens mier arCeuli sakiTxi, rac SegiqmniT warmodgenas arsebuli problemisa Tu problemebis Sesaxeb. amis erTaderTi gzaa kvlevis Catareba. proeqtis mocemuli etapis farglebSi Tqvens mier SerCeuli sakiTxi maq-simalurad unda SeiswavloT, maT Soris sxvadasxva wyaroebze dayrdnobiT. mniSvnelo-vania, rom SerCeuli sakiTxi sxvadasxva perspeqtividan analizis gziT SeiswavloT. nu iqnebiT zedmetad darwmunebulebi imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu raSi mdgomareobs proble-ma. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, SesaZloa realuri problema gamogeparoT. gaecaniT qvemoT moyvanil magaliTs.

problemis arasworad identificirebis SemTxveva

aSS-s Crdilo-aRmosavleT nawilSi mdebare erT-erTi qalaqis macxovrebelma stu-dentebma samoqmedo proeqtis Temad arasrulwlovani kanondamrRvevebi airCies. isi-ni flobdnen garkveul informacias konkretuli kanondamrRvevi mozardebis Sesaxeb. Sesabamisi kvlevis Catarebis Semdeg studentebma gaarkvies, rom aSS-Si mozardebis mier danaSaulis Cadena ZiriTadad xdeba SuadRis 3 sT-dan 6 sT-mde periodSi. amasTan, gamokiTxuli kanondamrRvevi mozardebis nawilma mizezad daasaxela drois gayvanisa da garTobis survili. mopovebul informaciaze dayrdnobiT, studentebma daaskvnes rom problema mdgomareobs klasgareSe aqtivobebis naklebobaSi. kerZod, gakveTilebis dasrulebis Semdeg mozardebi ufrosebis zedamxedvelobas aRar eqvemdebarebian. Sesa- bamisad, maT warmoadgines problemis gadaWris gza, romelic klasgareSe programebi-sa da aqtivobebis dasafinanseblad saxsrebis moZiebas gulisxmobda. maT skolebsa da adgilobriv xelisuflebas aseTi programebisaTvis saxsrebisa da sivrcis gamoyofac sTxoves.

studentebma Seiswavles arasrulwlovanTa danaSaulTan dakavSirebuli problemebi da SeimuSaves Sesabamisi samoqmedo gegma sakuTari SesaZleblobis farglebSi am proble-mebis gadasaWrelad. adgilobrivi xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebTan Sexvedris dros ki gairkva, rom klasgareSe programebi ukve arsebobda. rogor unda moqceuliyvnen studentebi? nuTu, maT mier gaweulma Zalisxmevam amaod Caiara? ra Secdoma dauSves? saqme imaSia, rom studentebma problemis araswori identificireba moaxdines, rac imis Sedegi iyo, rom Ziebis procesSi naadrevi daskvnebi gaakeTes.

sabednierod, studentebs mtkiced hqondaT ganzraxuli emuSavaT aRniSnuli problemis aRmofxvraze. maT problemis safuZvlianad Seswavla gadawyvites da Caatares gamokiTx-va imis dasadgenad, Tu ramdenad flobdnen mozardebi informacias klasgareSe prog- ramebisa da aqtivobebis Sesaxeb. studentebi aseve Seecadnen daedginaT, Tu ratom ar monawileobdnen klasgareSe programebsa da aqtivobebSi is mozardebi, romlebic maT Sesaxeb informacias flobdnen. gamokiTxvis Sedegebis Tanaxmad, mozardTa umravleso-bam programebis Sesaxeb araferi icoda, xolo maT, visac garkveuli informacia hqonda, Sesabamis dawesebulebamde misasvlelad gadaadgilebis saSualebaze ar miuwvdebodaT xeli. Sesabamisad, gamovlinda ori saxis problema: informaciis nakleboba da dawese-

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bulebamde gadaadgilebis problema. mopovebuli informaciis safuZvelze, skolebisa da adgilobrivi xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebTan TanamSromlobiT studentebma moax-dines klasgareSe programebis Sesaxeb informaciis gavrceleba, xolo dawesebulebebam-de misasvlelad dabalfasiani avtobusis daniSvnis rekomendacia warmoadgines.

zemoaRniSnul magaliTidan Cans, Tu raoden mniSvnelovania problemis gansazRvram-de maqsimalurad amomwuravad SeiswavloT arCeuli sakiTxi. aranakleb mniSvnelovania, SeinarCunoT moqnili midgoma da gaxsovdeT, rom Temis TandaTanobiT siRrmiseulad SeswavlasTan erTad, SeiZleba mogiwioT problemis xelaxla gansazRvra.

kvlevasTan dakavSirebuli rCevebi

kvlevis Catarebis erT-erTi mTavari amocanaa ama Tu im problemasTan dakavSirebiT maqsimalurad amomwuravi informaciis miReba, rac gulisxmobs informaciis sxvadasxva wyarodan moZiebas. SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT rogorc werilobiTi da oficialuri wyaroe-bi magaliTad, kanonebi da sxva samTavrobo dokumentebi, ise eqspertTa samecniero naSromebi, Jurnalistebis mier momzadebuli masalebi, arasamTavrobo organizaciebi-sagan miRebuli informacia Tu calkeul pirTa mosazrebebi, da ara mxolod. xSirad, damatebiTi resursebi kvlevaze muSaobis procesSic iCens Tavs. Tavdapirvelad gansaz-RvreT da moifiqreT maqsimalurad bevri potenciuri wyaro, romelic Tqven da Tqvens jgufs saSualebas mogcemT problemis Sesaxeb meti informacia miiRoT da gaecnoT gansxvavebul perspeqtivebs. potenciuri wyaroebi Tqveni jgufis wevrebs Soris gaana- wileT gamosakvlevad. resursebis gansazRvraSi dagexmarebaT Sesabamisi cxrili `re-sursebis identificireba~. (ix. cxrili #2. gverdi 40).

sajaro informaciis gamoTxovna

saqarTvelos konstituciisa da zogadi administraciuli kodeqsis Tanaxmad, saqarTve- los yvela moqalaqes ufleba aqvs sajaro dawesebulebebidan gamoiTxovos sajaro in-formacia. sajaro uwyebebma pasuxi SeZlebisdagvarad mokle vadebSi unda warmoadgi-non, saboloo vada ki werilis registraciis TariRidan ara umetes 10 samuSao dRiT ganisazRvreba. ra aris sajaro informacia? sajaro informacia aris sajaro dawesebulebaSi daculi informacia, romlis gacemac unda moxdes moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi. sajaro informaciad iTvleba, magaliTad, saxelmwifo biujetidan mSeneblobisa Tu sxva sajaro RonisZiebis (koncertis) dasafinanseblad gamoyofili Tanxis raodenoba. nebismier moqalaqes aqvs sajaro informaciis gamoTxovnis ufleba, garda im SemTxvevisa, rodesac informacia miCneulia pirad informaciad, komerciul an saxelmwifo saidumloebad. sajaro infor-maciis gamoTxovnis mizniT unda moamzadoT werili Sesabamisi dawesebulebis saxelze (sadac daculia TqvenTvis saintereso informacia). dawesebulebis saxeli ganaTavseT werilis kideSi, Semdeg miuTiTeT Tqveni saxeli da sakontaqto informacia da Camoa- yalibeT Tqveni SekiTxva. werilis bolos ki xeli moawereT da daaTariReT. sajaro informaciis Sesaxeb gancxadebis wardgena ufasoa. moTxovnili informaciis gacemaze uaris Tqmis SemTxvevaSi, sajaro dawesebuleba val-debulia, moqalaqes uaris Sesaxeb gancxadebis daregistrirebidan sami samuSao dRis ganmavlobaSi Seatyobinos. sajaro dawesebulebis pasuxi unda Seicavdes informacias uaris gasaCivrebis wesis Sesaxeb.

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beWduri wyaroebis Seswavla

kvlevis Catarebisas kritikulad SeafaseT Tqvens xelT arsebuli resursebi da gansa-jeT, Tu ramdenad gamogadgebaT esa Tu is wyaro Tqvens mier warmoebul kvlevaSi. zo-gadad, masalebis Seswavlisas gaiTvaliswineT Semdegi elementebi:

• relevanturoba• avtori• sizuste• tendenciuroba• vadebi

relevanturoba

pirvel rigSi, unda daadginoT Tu ramdenad relevanturia wyaro. dResdReobiT didi moculobis informaciaa xelmisawvdomi. Google-is saSualebiT informaciis aTasobiT wyaros moZieba SegiZliaT. rogor movaxdinoT koncentracia mniSvnelovan informaci-aze ise, rom Cveni yuradReba ar gafanton informaciis ararelevanturma wyaroebma? saamisod Ziebis procesSi, iqneba es interneti Tu biblioTekis monacemTa baza, konkretuli saZiebeli sityvebi unda gamoiyenoT, xolo miRebuli Sedegebidan kvlevisTvis saintereso informacia damatebiTi saZiebeli sityvebis daxmarebiT unda amoarCioT. ganvixiloT zemoT moyvanili magaliTi: studentebs saZiebel sityvad „arasrulwlovani kanondamrRvevebi“ rom gamoeyenebinaT, Sedegad miiRebdnen Zalian didi moculobis in-formacias, romlis dasaxarisxebladac ramodenime kvira an sulac Tve dasWirdebodaT. Sesabamisad, ufro naklebi da relevanturi masalis mosaZieblad mizanSewonilia iseTi konkretuli saZiebeli frazebis gamoyeneba, rogoricaa „aSS-Si arasrulwlovanTa mier kanonis darRvevis mizezebi.“

saZiebeli velis daviwroebis Semdeg moZiebuli wyaroebidan zogierTi SesaZloa Tqven-Tvis naklebad gamosadegi aRmoCndes. masalebis dasaxarisxeblad ixelmZRvaneleT ram-denime ZiriTadi kiTxviT, magaliTad: rogor ganisazRvreba sakiTxi? es gansazRvreba Cems sakvlev Temas ramdenad Seesabameba? miRebuli informacia axalia Tu CemTvis ukve cnobili? mexmareba Tu ara sakiTxis ukeT aRqmaSi? Tu am kiTxvebis umetesobaze dade- biTi pasuxi gaeciT, wyaro relevanturia.

avtori

momdevno safexuria wyaros avtor(eb)is dadgena. sagazeTo Tu samecniero statiis avtoris dadgena advilia. moiZieT informacia sakvlevi Temis mimarT statiis avto-ris damokidebulebis Sesaxeb. Tu saqme samecniero statias exeba, daadgineT, avto-ri moRvaweobs Tu ara, an aqvs Tu ara akademiuri xarisxi am sakiTxTan dakavSirebul sferoSi. es gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania maSin, Tu avtoris eqspertis saxiT citire-bas apirebT. beWduri mediis SemTxvevaSi moiZieT informacia wyaros profesiuli eTikis Sesaxeb. internetis saSualebiT SegiZliaT moiZioT da gaecnoT sxvebis azrs mocemuli mediaorganizaciis Sesaxeb. gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania gaecnoT sxva Jurnalistebi-sa Tu Jurnalisturi organizaciebis mosazrebas wyaros Taobaze. yvela sainformacio wyaro sandoobis sxvadasxva doniT sargeblobs, imisda mixedviT Tu ramdenad axdenen gamoqveynebamde informaciis saTanadod gadamowmebas. Tu naklebad sando wyaros sa-SualebiT miageniT saintereso da relevantur informacias, scadeT msgavsi Sinaarsis reportaJi ufro avtoritetul gamocemebSi moZebnoT, rac moZiebuli informaciis san-doobas daadasturebs.

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internetwyaroebis SemTxvevaSi avtor(eb)is Sesaxeb informaciis moZieba SesaZloa gagi-WirdeT. aseT dros im organizaciis saxeli mainc unda daadginoT, romelsac mocemuli vebgverdi ekuTvnis. Tu avtoris vinaoba miTiTebulia, moiZieT informacia misi sxva naSromebis Sesaxeb, Tu romel organizaciebTan aris asocirebuli. aseve, ras fiqroben sxvebi mis Sesaxeb. Tu vebgverdze mxolod organizaciis dasaxelebaa miTiTebuli, es organizaciac iseve SeiswavleT, rogorc avtors SeiswavlidiT. informacia dagexmare-baT gansazRvroT, aris Tu ara mocemuli organizacia (pirovneba) gansaxilveli Temis eqsperti, ra warmoadgens misi codnis wyaros da rogoria misi pirovnuli ganwyoba mocemuli sakiTxis mimarT (aRniSnul Temas ganvixilavT wyaros tendenciurobis Sesa- xeb qveTavSi). Tu verc avtor(eb)isa da verc vebgverdis mflobeli organizaciis Sesaxeb moiZieT informacia, wyaro ar aris Rirebuli da sando. mocemul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT mxolod „eqspertTa“ mosazrebis citirebiT ar Semoi-fargloT. moiSvelieT araprofesionalTa mosazrebebic, gansakuTrebiT maSin Tu maT Sesabamisi piradi gamocdileba gaaCniaT. amavdroulad, kvlevis ganxorcielebisas mniS-vnelovania, ganasxvavoT kvlevaze dafuZnebuli informacia, romelic zogadad, Tavmoy-rilia samecniero statiebSi, saxelmwifo monacemTa bazebSi, respeqtabeluri adgilobrivi da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis monacemTa bazebSi, avtoritetul gamocemebsa da sxva wyaroebSi, rogoricaa epizoduri informacia. am ukanasknel kategoriaSi er-Tiandeba informacia, romelic erTi an ori adamianis pirad gamocdilebas eyrdnoba da SesaZloa eqstremalur da uCveulo SemTxvevasac warmoadgendes. Sesabamisad, Tu Tqvens kvlevaSi pirovnebis citirebas gadawyvetT, moiZieT damatebiTi wyaro an sxva pirovneba, romelic daadasturebs, rom mocemuli SemTxveva calkeul, izolirebul incindents ar warmoadgens.

sizuste

sizuste uSualo kavSirSia wyaros sandoobasTan. problemis Sesaswavlad da Tqvens mier Sedgenili samoqmedo gegmis efeqturobis Sesaxeb argumentis SemuSavebisas unda ey-rdnobodeT sando informacias. swored amitom, mniSvnelovania, rom Tqvens mier gamoyenebuli wyaroebi iyos sando. citata, gansakuTrebiT Tu is eqsperts ar ekuTvnis, SesaZloa gadmoscemdes damaxinjebul an arazust informacias, rac SesaZloa gamowveu-li iyos rogorc ucodinrobiT, ise ganzrax dezinformaciiT. yovelTvis gadaamowmeT, ramdenad sandoa Tqveni wyaro. Tu informacia efuZneba Sesabamis kvlevas da am infor-maciis wyaros eqsperti an avtoritetuli organizacia warmoadgens, SegiZliaT mis san-doobaSi eWvi ar SeitanoT. aseTi organizaciebia gaero, saerTaSoriso amnistia an iseTi mTavari sainformacio saSualebebi rogorebicaa CNN da BBC. Tumca, wyaroebis Sejere-bis gziT informaciis sandoobis gadamowmeba rekomendebulia, vinaidan rac ufro meti wyaro adasturebs mocemul informacias, miT metad SegiZliaT endoT mas.

obieqturoba

rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, mniSvnelovania imis gansazRvra Tu ra konkretuli mizani amoZravebs avtorsa Tu organizacias, romlisganac viRebT informacias. informacia, maT Soris statistikuri monacemebic ki, erTi da igive ambis sxvadasxva Tvalsazrisi-dan gadmocemis saSualebas iZleva. ganvixiloT saskolo ubanSi sabiujeto saxsrebis ganawilebis magaliTi. Catarebul gamocdebSi yvelaze dabali Sefaseba moswavleTa um-ravlesobam maTematikasa da mecnierebaSi miiRo. mocemuli informaciis gamoyenebiT sxvadasxva jgufebs SeuZliaT lobireba gauwion sabiujeto Tanxebis iseT gadanawile-bas, romelic maTi miznebis miRwevas Seuwyobs xels. ganvixiloT oTxi jgufis magali-

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Ti. pirveli jgufis mizans maswavlebelTa samsaxurSi ayvanis, daTxovnisa da dawina- urebis axali standartebis SemoReba warmoadgens. Sesabamisad, mocemul informaciaze dayrdnobiT isini lobirebas uweven iniciativas, romelic garkveuli kategoriis mas-wavleblebis Semcirebis xarjze maTematikasa da mecnierebebSi ukeT kvalificirebuli maswavleblebis raodenobisa da maTi xelfasebis gazrdas iTvaliswinebs. meore jgufma, romlis SemadgenlobaSic ZiriTadad maswavleblebi arian, sul sxvagvarad moaxdina ga-mocdebis Sedegebis interpretacia da problemis gadaWris gansxvavebuli gza dasaxa. kerZod, aRniSnulma jgufma miiCnia, rom saxsrebis gamoyofa klasgareSe programebis dasafinanseblad, rogorc maTematikaSi ise mecnierebaSi, moswavleebs aRniSnuli sag-nebis ukeT swavlaSi da Sesabamisad, sagamocdo qulebis gaumjobesebaSi daexmareba. me-same jgufi ki problemas skolis kurikulumis WrilSi ganixilavs da Tvlis, rom es ukanaskneli ukve moZvelebulia da gadaxedvas saWiroebs studentTa standartizebuli gamocdis Sedegebis safuZvelze. Sesabamisad, mesame jgufs miaCnia, rom biujetidan saWiroa gamoiyos Tanxebi eqspertebis dasaqiraveblad, romlebic maTematikisa da mecnierebis arsebul kurikulumebs ganaaxleben. meoTxe jgufs gansxvavebuli mizani amoZravebs. maT informaciis gamoyeneba skolis diskreditaciis mizniT surT da ara gamocdebSi moswavleTa Sedegebis gasaumjobeseblad. es jgufi dainteresebulia stu-dentebis kerZo skolaSi mizidviT da Sesabamisad, mis xelT arsebuli informaciiT Se-ecdeba, mSoblebi daarwmunos, rom sajaro skola jerovan ganaTlebas ar iZleva. mSob-lebi, romlebic am jgufis mosazrebas iziareben, mocemul informacias gamoiyeneben sxva mSoblebis dasarwmuneblad, raTa maT Svilebi sajaro skolaSi ar Seiyvanon. zemoT CamoTvlili jgufebidan romlis poziciaa swori? TiToeuli maTgani sakuTari miznebis advokatirebas erTsa da imave informaciaze dayrdnobiT axdens. informacia zustia da saimedo, magram TiToeuli jgufi am monacemebs argebs sakuTar interesebs da warmoaCens misTvis xelsayrel WrilSi. Sesabamisad, is, rom monacemebi zusti da saimedoa, avtomaturad ar gulisxmobs mis safuZvelze gakeTebuli daskvnebis obieq-turobas. aseT dros mocemuli pirovnebisa Tu jgufis miznebic unda gaiTvaliswinoT.

obieqturobis Sefasebisas mniSvnelovania gaiTvaliswinoT kidev erTi elementi - mo-nacemTa manipulacia miznis misaRwevad. davuSvaT, rom sagamocdo Sedegebis detaluri analizis Sedegad gamoikveTa studentTa qvejgufi, sadac miRebuli niSnebi studentTa saSualo Sefasebis maCvenebels mniSvnelovnad CamorCeboda. kerZod, studentTa umrav-lesobam gamocdebze damakmayofilebeli Sedegi aCvena, magram mocemuli qvejgufis mier miRebulma dabalma qulebma sagrZnoblad daswia studentTa Sefasebis saSualo maCve- nebeli, ramac saboloo monacemebSi gadaxra gamoiwvia. mocemuli qvejgufi SesaZloa aerTianebs gansxvavebuli saWiroebebisa da Tvisebebis mqone moswavleebs: swavlis Sez-Ruduli unaris mqone mozardebs, imigrantTa Svilebs an moswavleebs, romelTa ojax-Sic ucxo enaze saubroben. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, aucilebelia am axali informaciis gaTvaliswineba iseTi gadawyvetilebis miRebisas, romelic exeba skolis arCevasa Tu saskolo biujetis dagegmvas. amavdroulad, es informacia yvela jgufisTvis Tanabrad sasargeblo rodia. swored amitom, zogierT maTgans urCevnia, mxolod saerTo saSualo qulebze gaamaxvilos yuradReba da qvejgufis Sedegebi ar warmoadginos. maSasadame, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom moswavleTa mier miRebuli sagamocdo qulebis saSualo maCvene-beli arasworia? ara, magram sruli suraTis Sesaqmnelad es monacemebi arasakmarisia.

ras gvaswavlis mocemuli SemTxveva? am SemTxvevis magaliTze, ra saxis kiTxvebis dasmaa mizanSewonili? sakvlev informacias miudeqiT kritikulad, dasviT Sesabamisi kiTxvebi, xolo kvlevis procesSi ixelmZRvaneleT matriciT `tendenciurobis gamovlena~ (ix. cxrili #3. gverdi 41). mis safuZvelze SeZlebT, gamoavlinoT tendenciurobis niSnebi.

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matrica aseve megzurobas gagiwevT iseT SemTxvevebSi, rodesac tendenciur wyarosTan gaqvT saqme. kvlevis procesSi SegiZliaT tendenciuri wyaroebic gamoiyenoT, magram amavdroulad, wyaros tendenciurobas jerovnad unda afasebdeT. unda gansazRvroT, Tu ramdenad gamosadegia aseTi wyaro TqvenTvis da damatebiTi wyaroebis mosaZieb-lad gegmebi dasaxoT. zogadad, Tu daadgenT, rom wyaro tendenciuria, ecadeT ipovoT damatebiTi wyaroebi, romelic gansxvavebul perspeqtivas SemogTavazebT an daadas-turebs informaciis sandoobas.

vadebi

aranakleb mniSvnelovania is, Tu rodis moxda informaciis mopoveba da gamoqveyneba. Tu informacia sakmaod saimedoa, magram eyrdnoba 15 wlis win ganxorcielebul kvlevas, igi SesaZloa aRar iyos relevanturi. magaliTad, statistikuri monacemebis Tanaxmad, mozardTa 60% kargad ver kiTxulobs, rac gamosadegi informaciaa saganmanaTleblo programebis gafarToebis lobirebisTvis, Tumca Tu es monacemebi eyrdnoba statisti-kur kvlevas, romelic wera-kiTxvis programis SemoRebamde ramdenime wlis win ganxor-cielda, Sesabamisad, SesaZloa aRniSnuli monacemebi aRarc iyos relevanturi. ufro metic, SesaZloa, amJamad sul sxva mdgomareoba arsebobs da kvlevis Catarebis SemTx-vevaSi gamovlindes, rom mozardTa 60% kargad kiTxulobs. amrigad, wyaros SerCevis procesSi mniSvnelovania, gaiTvaliswinoT misi vadebi. zogadad, umjobesia daiwyoT uaxlesi informaciiT da mihyveT qronologias. 10 an meti wlis winandeli samecniero naSromi moZvelebulad iTvleba, garda im SemTxvevisa, rodesac mis relevanturobas sxva wyaroebi adasturebs.

dokumentireba

moaxdineT rogorc beWduri, ise internet resursebidan moZiebuli informaciis zus-ti dokumentireba, rac Tqven da sxvebsac saSualebas mogcemT miubrundeT original wyaros, gadamowmebis an meti informaciis miRebis mizniT. amasTan, masalis gamoyenebi-sas aucileblad unda miuTiToT avtori. wyaroebis dokumentireba kvlevis procesSi moaxdineT, rac organizebulobaSi dagexmarebaT. es gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania im SemTxvevaSi, Tu SesaZloa gagiWirdeT gamoyenebuli wyaros xelaxla moZieba, magaliTad, rodesac saqme exeba vebgverdebs. wyaros citirebis ramdenime gza arsebobs. gTavazobT citirebis sayovelTaod aRiarebul ramdenime ZiriTad saxelmZRvanelo princips. Tum-ca, mizanSewonilia, pirvel rigSi gadaamowmoT, Tqvens leqtors citirebasTan dakav-SirebiT raime konkretuli moTxovnebi xom ar aqvs.

zogadi saxelmZRvanelo principebi wyaros dokumentirebisTvis (Modern Language Associa-tion - MLA meTodis mixedviT).

wignidan citireba

struqtura: gvari, saxeli, wignis saxelwodeba, qalaqi, gamomcemeli, gamocemis weli, wyaros saxeoba.

magaliTi: jeims, henri, „Ambassadors“, rokvili: Serenity, 2009, beWduri

gazeTidan citireba

beWduristruqtura: gvari, saxeli, statiis saxelwodeba, gazeTis dasaxeleba (qalaqi), gamocemis TariRi (dRe, Tve, weli), gverd(eb)i, wyaros saxeoba.

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magaliTi: boumani, li, „Bills Target Lake Erie Mussels“, „picburgis presa~, 1990 wlis 7 marti: A4. beWduri.

gazeTis onlain gamocema

struqtura: gvari, saxeli, statiis saxelwodeba, gazeTis dasaxeleba (qalaqi), gamocemis TariRi (dRe, Tve, weli), vebgverdis dasaxeleba, mopovebis TariRi.

magaliTi: boumani, li, „Bills Target Lake Erie Mussels“, „picburgis presa~, 1990 wlis 7 marti: A4. Google News. vebi. 2010 wlis 16 marti.

Jurnalidan citireba

beWduristruqtura: gvari, saxeli, statiis saxelwodeba, Jurnalis dasaxeleba, gamocemis Tari-Ri (dRe, Tve, weli), gverd(eb)i, wyaros saxeoba.

magaliTad: rotbarti, deivi, How I Caught up with Dad, Men’s Health, 2008 wlis oqtomberi: 108-13. beWduri

Jurnalis onlain gamocema

struqtura: gvari, saxeli, statiis saxelwodeba, Jurnalis dasaxeleba (qalaqi), gamoce-mis TariRi (dRe, Tve, weli), vebgverdis dasaxeleba, mopovebis TariRi.

magaliTad: rotbarti, deivi, How I Caught up with Dad, Men’s Health, 2008 wlis oqtomberi. Google Books. vebi, 2010 wlis 16 marti.

samecniero Jurnalidan citireba

beWduristruqtura: gvari, saxeli, statiis saxelwodeba, Jurnalis dasaxeleba, nawili, tomi, gamocema (gamocemis TariRi). gverd(eb)i, wyaros saxeoba

magaliTi: jeikobi, uiliami, “Public Attitudes Toward Government Spending”, politikur mec- nierebaTa amerikuli Jurnali, 38.2 (1994): 336-61. beWduri

samecniero Jurnalis onlain gamocema

struqtura: gvari, saxeli, statiis saxelwodeba, Jurnalis dasaxeleba, tomi, gamocema (ga-mocemis TariRi). gverd(eb)i, vebgverdis dasaxeleba. vebi. mopovebis Tve, ricxvi da weli.

magaliTi: aSok, savitri, `Gender, Language, and Identity in Dogeaters: A Post Colonial Critique.~ postkoloniuri teqsti 5.2 (2009). postkoloniuri teqsti. vebi. 2010 wlis 23 aprili.

vebgverdis citireba

statiebistruqtura: gvari, saxeli, statiis saxelwodeba, Jurnalis dasaxeleba, tomi, gamocema (ga-mocemis TariRi). gverd(eb)i, vebgverdis dasaxeleba. vebi. mopovebis Tve, ricxvi da weli.

magaliTi: satalkar, bakti, `Water Aerobics.~ Buzzle.com. Buzzle.com, 2010 wlis 15 ivlisi. vebi. 2010 wlis 15 ivlisi. <www.buzzle.com>.

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monacemebi vebgverdidan

struqtura: organizaciis dasaxeleba. vebgverdis dasaxeleba. vebgverdis gamomcemeli. informaciis gamoqveynebis TariRi (ricxvi, Tve da weli). vebi. informaciis mopovebis TariRi (ricxvi, Tve da weli).

magaliTi: aSS-s saxelmwifo departamentis sakonsulo saqmeTa biuro. Travel.State.Gov. aSS-s saxelmwifo departamentis sakonsulo saqmeTa biuro, 17 Tebervali, 2010 weli. vebi. 2010 wlis 4 maisi. <http://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1139.html>.

adamianebi, rogorc kvlevis wyaro

sakvlevi Temis Sesaxeb informaciis wyaro SesaZloa adamianebic iyvnen. aseT SemTx-vevebSi informaciis mopoveba SegiZliaT gamokiTxvisa da gasaubrebis gziT. gaesaub- reT eqspertebs, Sesabamisi gamocdilebis mqone pirebs da sxvebs, visac sakvlev Te-masTan pirdapiri an arapirdapiri kavSiri aqvs da gaaCnia garkveuli mosazrebebi Tu gamocdileba. gamokiTxvisa da gasaubrebis gziT ara mxolod ukeT SeiswavliT mocemul sakiTxs, aramed gaecnobiT gansxvavebul mosazrebebs. Sesabamisad, ukeT iqnebiT momza-debuli iseTi samoqmedo gegmis SesamuSaveblad, romelic beneficiarTa saWiroebebsa da maTTvis aqtualur sakiTxebs exmianeba.

mivubrundeT sacxovrebeli binis parkingis magaliTs, romelic zemoT ganvixileT. aseT SemTxvevaSi mniSvnelovania, gaecnoT dainteresebul pirTa gansxvavebul mosazrebebs. CamowereT yvela is pirovneba Tu jgufi, romlisTvisac mocemuli problema aqtualuria, magaliTad, binis macxovreblebi, romelTac xSirad hyavT stumrebi, macxovreblebi, romelTac iSviaTad an saerTod ar hyavT stumrebi, macxovreblebi, romlebic quCasTan axlos cxovroben, mezobeli binebis macxovreblebi, bavSvebi, romlebic sacxovrebeli binis axlos mdebare quCebSi TamaSoben da maTi mSoblebi, adgilobrivi policia da meri, sagangebo samsaxuris mZRolebi, romlebic mocemuli quCiT sargebloben. ra damokidebuleba aqvs TiToeul maTgans mocemuli sakiTxis mimarT? albaT maTi umravlesoba Tanxmdeba, rom problema arsebobs da misi gadaWris gzas eZebs, magram SesaZloa maT erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebuli mosazrebebi gaaCndeT problemis mogvarebis gzebTan da-kavSirebiT. magaliTad, zogierT maTgans daakmayofilebs quCaSi parkirebisaTvis sivrcis gamoyofa, romliTac maTi stumrebi isargebleben. rogor fiqrobT, romeli jgu-fi igulisxmeba? nawils es adeqvatur gadawyvetilebad miaCnia da sacxovrebel binasTan axlos parkirebisTvis damatebiTi sivrcis gamoyofas iTxovs. rogor fiqrobT, romeli jgufi uWers mxars am ideas? sxvadasxva jgufebis gamokiTxvisa da maTTan gasaubrebis gziT SeZlebT SeiswavloT gansxvavebuli mosazrebebi. zogjer adamianebs hgoniaT, rom problema SesaniSnavad esmiT da swori gadawyvetis gzac aqvT moZiebuli, magram mogvi-anebiT aRmoaCenen, rom isini, visTvisac problema realurad aqtualuria, sakiTxs sul sxvanairad aRiqvamen.

gamokiTxvis Catareba

gamokiTxvebi SedarebiT mokle droSi didi moculobis informaciis moZiebis SesaniS-navi saSualebaa. rogorc wesi, gamokiTxvebi tardeba winaswar momzadebuli kiTxvaris saSualebiT da masSi mravali adamiani iRebs monawileobas. sxvadasxva respondentisTvis erTi da igive kiTxvebis dasma mkvlevars saSualebas aZlevs daadginos gamokiTxulTa pozicia erTsa da imave sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. amavdroulad, organizaciebis msgavsad, SesaZloa konkretul pirTa mosazrebac mikerZoebuli iyos, rac damokidebulia maT pi-

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rad gamocdilebaze. amasTan, rTulia iseTi informaciis moZieba, romelic samizne jgu-fis mosazrebebs zustad asaxavs. mikerZoebuli mosazrebis faqtoris Sesamcireblad da warmomadgenlobiTi nimuSis SesarCevad mkvlevarebi sxvadasxva saSualebebs iyeneben.

populaciaze SerCevis ganzogadeba

mTliani populaciis gamokiTxva saWiro ar aris. magaliTad, warmoidgineT, rom ikvlevT saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi xandazmulebisTvis aqtualur problemas. TiTqmis SeuZlebe-lia yvela xandazmuli moqalaqis gamokiTxva. sanacvlod, saWiro informaciis miRe-ba SesaZlebelia xandazmuli mosaxleobis populaciis warmomadgenlobiTi nawilisgan. warmomadgenlobiTi SerCeva Sedgeba mosaxleobis mcire nawilisagan, romelic „war-moadgens“ am ukanasknelis interesebsa da mosazrebebs. nimuSis SerCevisas gasaTvalis-winebelia Semdegi ori mniSvnelovani sakiTxi: 1. warmomadgenlobiTi nimuSis misaRebad saWiroa, rom samizne jgufis nebismier warmomadgenels hqondes gamokiTxvaSi monawile-obis Tanabari SesaZlebloba; 2. ramdenad realurad warmoadgenen SerCeuli responden-tebi samizne jgufs. TvalsaCinoebisTvis ganvixiloT magaliTi:

studentebi ikvleven konkretul regionSi xandazmulTa sacxovrebel adgilebTan da-kavSirebul problemas. meti informaciis moZiebis mizniT gadawyvites, adgilobrivi dawesebulebisTvis, romelic xandazmulebs TavSesafriT uzrunvelyofs, kiTxvarebi gaegzavnaT. studentebi varaudobdnen, rom gamokiTxvis safuZvelze miRebuli sasargeblo informacia maT daexmarebodaT samizne jgufis perspeqtividan problemis ukeT gaanalizebaSi. davuSvaT, ramdenime studentma moinaxula dawesebuleba da kiTxvari yvela Semxvedrs Camouriga. maSinac ki, Tu studentebma Semxvedri adamianebisgan miiRes mniSvnelovani informacia, maTi mosazrebebi da gamocdileba dawesebulebaSi mcxovreb-Ta mosazrebebsa da gamocdilebas SesaZloa arc ki asaxavdes. davuSvaT, dawesebuleba-Si mcxovreb pirebs dRis ganmavlobaSi sawolidan wamodgoma uWirT. Sesabamisad, isini studentebs ver Sexvdebodnen. an iqneb maTi nawili SedarebiT aqtiuria da dRis umetes nawils gareT atarebs, seirnobs, ojaxis wevrebsa da megobrebs xvdeba. Sesabamisad, verc isini Sexvdebodnen studentebs. amrigad, didia imis SesaZlebloba, rom gamokiTxvis Sedegebi asaxavdes dawesebulebaSi macxovrebelTa mxolod im nawilis mosazrebebs, ro-melic dRis ganmavlobaSi oTaxidan gamodis magram gareT ar gadis, an studentTa mier dawesebulebis monaxulebis periodSi adgilze imyofeboda. mocemuli magaliTi asaxavs SemTxveviTi SerCevisa da samizne jgufis warmomadgenlobi-Ti nimuSis or mniSvnelovan koncefcias. SemTxveviTi SerCeva gulisxmobs imas, rom sa-mizne jgufis yvela warmomadgenels (mocemul SemTxvevaSi, konkretul dawesebulebaSi macxovrebel xandazmulebs) gamokiTxvaSi monawileobis miRebis Tanabari SesaZlebloba aqvT. am miznis miRweva mocemul SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia kiTxvaris yvelasTvis darige-biT. gamokiTxvis erT-erTi meTodi, romelsac mkvlevarebi xSirad mimarTaven, kiTxvaris SemTxveviT SerCeuli pirebisaTvis darigebis meTodia. zog SemTxvevaSi samizne jgufis yvela warmomadgenels eniWeba nomeri, xolo kiTxvari yovel mesames urigdeba. Tumca, mocemul SemTxvevaSi kiTxvaris dasarigeblad studentebs SemTxveviTi SerCe-vis meTodi romc gamoeyenebinaT, warmomadgenlobiTi nimuSis Seqmna mainc problemuri iqneboda. xandazmulTa TavSesafarSi Catarebuli gamokiTxvis Sedegad mopovebuli in-formacia savaraudod asaxavda samizne jgufis mxolod nawilis mosazrebebs. kerZod, maT mosazrebebs, visac oTaxidan gamosvla ar uWirT da gamokiTxvis Catarebis dros TavSesafarSi imyofeboda. Tu yoveli mesame respondenti miekuTvneba samizne jgufis

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warmomadgenelTa mxolod xsenebul kategorias, naklebad savaraudoa, rom gamokiTx-vis Sedegebi realobas asaxavdes. kerZod, masSi ar iqneba asaxuli gareT gadaadgilebis SesaZleblobis mqone macxovrebelTa gamocdileba, romelic radikalurad gansxvavde-ba samizne jgufis im warmomadgenelTa gamocdilebisagan, romlebic dRis ganmavloba-Si sakuTar oTaxebs arian mijaWvulebi. aseT SemTxvevebSi gamoiyeneba stratifikaciis meTodi. am meTodis dros xdeba samizne jgufis dayofa qvekategoriebad. magaliTad, mocemul SemTxvevaSi samizne jgufi SesaZloa daiyos Semdeg qvekategoriebad: 1) isi-ni, vinc dRis ganmavlobaSi sakuTar oTaxebs arian mijaWvulebi; 2) isini, vinc oTaxs regularulad toveben, magram TavSesafridan ar gadian da 3) isini, vinc TavSesafars regularulad toveben. qvekategoriebi ganisazRvreba imis mixedviT, Tu konkretulad ra saxis informaciis mopoveba gsurT. magaliTad, im SemTxvevaSi, Tu gainteresebT, ram-denad gansxvavdeba sxvadasxva asakobrivi jgufebis warmomadgenelTa saWiroebebi erT-maneTisgan, samizne jgufi qvekategoriebad asakobrivi jgufebis mixedviT unda dayoT. Semdeg, SemTxveviTi SerCevis meTodis gamoyenebiT, aarCieT warmomadgeneli TiToeuli qvejgufidan. amasTan gaxsovdeT, rom SemTxveviTi SerCevis meTodi gamoiyeneba im SemTx-vevaSi Tu samizne jgufis zoma uklebliv yvela warmomadgenlis gamokiTxvis saSualebas ar iZleva. magaliTad, Tu samizne jgufs sxvadasxva TavSesafrebis macxovrebeli xan-dazmulebi warmoadgenen, SemTxveviTi SerCeva mniSvnelovnad gagiadvilebT gamokiTxvis administrirebas, Sedegebis Tavmoyrasa da interpretacias. bolo periodSi socialuri media gamokiTxvebis Catarebis popularul meTodad iqca, Tumca am meTods seriozuli xarvezebic aqvs. magaliTad, Facebook-ze Catarebuli Ria (swrafi) gamokiTxvebi warmomadgenlobiTi ar aris da arc SemTxveviTi SerCevis meTodis gamoyenebis saSualebas iZleva. am tipis gamokiTxvebi efeqturia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac samizne jgufs Facebook-is konkretuli jgufi warmoadgens, mag. sauniversite-to klubis wevrebi. Tu samizne jgufis yvela warmomadgenlis informirebas droulad moaxdenT da maT sakmaris dros miscemT kiTxvaris Sesavsebad, gamokiTxvis Sedegebi warmomadgenlobiTi iqneba, Tumca saboloo jamSi Sedegebis warmomadgenlobiTobas gan-sazRvravs respondentTa raodenoba da vinaoba. gaiTvaliswineT, rom gamokiTxvis procesSi yovelTvis ar geqnebaT SemTxveviTi SerCevis meTodis gamoyenebisa Tu samizne jgufis qvekategoriebad dayofis saSualeba. mTavaria, zustad acnobierebdeT aRniSnuli samecniero meTodebis gamoyenebis gareSe mopovebu-li monacemebis dadebiT da uaryofiT mxareebs, da Sesabamisi daskvnebi ise gamoitanoT. rodesac argumentirebisas an sxvebis dasarwmuneblad iSveliebT kvlevis safuZvelze mopovebul monacemebs, mniSvnelovania Candes monacemebis mosapoveblad gamoyenebuli meTodebi, monacemebis analizis safuZvelze gakeTebuli daskvnebi da analizTan dakav-Sirebuli SesaZlo SezRudvebi.

kiTxvaris Sedgena

kargi kiTxvaris Sedgena arc ise advilia, rogorc es erTi SexedviT SeiZleba Candes. cudad Sedgenili kiTxvari gamoiwvevs dezinformacias da sasargeblo informaciis mo-sapoveblad ar gamodgeba. kargad Sedgenili kiTxvari ki dagexmarebaT saWiro infor-maciis mopovebaSi. (ix. cxrili #4 `mzadeba gamokiTxvisTvis~. gverdi 42) kiTxvaris Sed-genisas gaiTvaliswineT Semdegi:

• garkveviT gadmoeciT konkretulad ra informaciis mopoveba gsurT. kiTxvebisSedgenamde gansazRvreT gamokiTxvis miznebi da darwmundiT, rom TiToeuli kiTxva am miznis miRwevaSi dagexmarebaT;

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• kiTxvebiundaiyosmartivi,mkafiodagasagebi;

• nugamoiyenebTormagkiTxvebs,magaliTad,„rareaqciahqondaTmSoblebsadamos-wavleebs axal moTxovnebTan dakavSirebiT?“ didi albaTobiT, am or jgufs gansxvavebuli reaqciebi eqnebodaT. Sesabamisad, Tqveni kiTxva ori sxvadasxva kiTxvis saxiT unda CamoayaliboT da ara erT winadadebaSi;

• umjobesia,TumoklekiTxvarebsgamoiyenebT.dasviTmxoloddamxolodsaWirokiTxvebi. kiTxvebis maqsimaluri raodenoba unda iyos 6-dan 10-mde. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, respondentebs pasuxebis gacema mobezrdebaT da araseriozul pasuxebs gagcemen, an sulac ar upasuxeben Tqvens kiTxvebs;

• moerideTmikerZoebulikiTxvebisdasmas.kiTxvisformulirebaundaiyosneitra-luri da ar unda gamoxatavdes Tqvens pirad damokidebulebas. magaliTad, „ro-gor fiqrobT, axali kafeteriis meniu ZvelTan SedarebiT jansaRi sakvebis ukeTes arCevans gTavazobT?“ kiTxvaSi ukve igulisxmeba, rom axali meniu ukeTesia da Sesa- bamisad, man SesaZloa gavlena iqonios respondentTa pasuxebze. umjobesia, kiTxva dasvaT ase: „rogor SeadarebdiT erTmaneTs kafeteriis axal da Zvel meniuebs?“;

• kiTxvebi unda iyos mkafioda organizebuli, rac respondentebs maTze pasuxisgacemas gauadvilebT;

• TurespondentebspasuxebisarCevanssTavazobT,darwmundiTromsavaraudopa-suxebi asaxavs gansxvavebuli mosazrebebis srul speqtrs. magaliTad, Tu kiTxva Seexeba sixSires, savaraudo pasuxebs Soris CamowereT: `yovelTvis~, `xSirad~, `zogjer~, `iSviaTad~, `arasodes~. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, respondentebi iZule-bulebi iqnebian airCion pasuxi, romelic maT mosazrebas an unar-Cvevebs zustad ar asaxavs.

kvlevis SekiTxvebis nimuSi

qvemoT mocemulia SekiTxvebi kvlevisTvis, romelic samTavrobo uwyebas SeuZlia ga-moiyenos Tavisi saqmianobis Sesafaseblad. nimuSis saxiT mocemulia ramdenime tipis SekiTxva. maT Soris: testuri, reitinguli da e.w. „Ria“ SekiTxvebi. nimuSis garCevisas ifiqreT Tu ramdenad aris gaTvaliswinebuli rCevebi kvlevis kiTxvebis SedgenasTan dakavSirebiT.

testuri SekiTxvebi

nimuSi 1: Tqven moqalaqe xarT? gTxovT, SemoxazoT swori pasuxi diax/ara

nimuSi 2: ramdeni wlis xarT? gTxovT, daafiqsiroT Tqveni pasuxi mocemul xazze ___A) 18-25 ___B) 26-35 ___C) 36-45 ___D) 45-60 ___ E) 60 da meti

nimuSi 3: gasuli Tvis ganmavlobaSi ramdenjer mimarTeT Cvens uwyebas am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT? gTxovT, daafiqsiroT Tqveni pasuxi mocemul xazze•erTxel____•orjer____•samjer____•samzemetad____•arvici/darwmunebuliarvar____

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mianiWeT SekiTxvebs Sesabamisi reitingi

nimuSi 4: qvemoT mocemuli faqtebi SeafaseT reitingulad, imis mixedviT Tu ra aris TqvenTvis yvelaze metad da yvelaze naklebad mniSvnelovani uwyebasTan ur- TierTobisas. SerCeuli ricxvebi CawereT Sesabamis grafaSi Semdegi sqemis gaTvaliswinebiT: 1=yvelaze mniSvnelovani, 5=yvelaze naklebad mniSvnelovani.

momsaxurebis maxasiaTeblebi 1 2 3 4 5

zarze pasuxis molodinis dro

zarze molodinis reJimSi yofnis dro

uwyebis warmomadgenlis unar-Cvevebi momxmarebelTa momsaxurebis kuTxiT

uwyebis warmomadgenlis codna

problemis mogvareba

nimuSi 5: momxmarebelTa momsaxure piri kargad erkveoda sakiTxSi. gTxovT, Tqveni pa-suxi daafiqsireT qvemoT mocemul xazze. ___sruliadveTanxmebi___veTanxmebi___arveTanxmebi___kategoriuladarveTanxmebi___armaqvsmosazreba

Ria SekiTxvebi

nimuSi 6: rogor SeiZleba Cvens uwyebasTan mimarTebiT Tqveni gamocdilebis gaum-jobeseba? gTxovT, warmoadginoT ramdenime winadadeba, Tu rogor gavaum-jobesoT momxmarebelTa momsaxurebis procesi.

gasaubreba

gasaubreba ufro Rrma da amomwuravi informaciis mopovebis sasargeblo meTods war-moadgens, romelic saSualebas mogcemT respondentebs sTxovoT, ganmarton TavianTi pasuxebi da upasuxon damatebiT kiTxvebs. amasTan, gasaubrebis dros respondentebi SeZleben gagiziaron maTTvis mniSvnelovani informacia, romelic kiTxvarSi asaxuli ar yofila. gasaubrebamde unda gansazRvroT misi miznebi, ris safuZvelzec gamoavlenT potenciur respondentebs da SeimuSavebT gasaubrebis formats. magaliTad, Tu Tqven faqtobrivi informacia gainteresebT, umjobesia gaesaubroT eqspertebs. Tu romelime konkretuli samizne jgufis mosazrebiT xarT dainteresebuli, mag. xandazmulebi, maSin unda gaesaubroT am jgufis iseT warmomadgenlebs, romlebic gansxvavebul pirobebSi imyo- febian, magaliTad, maT vinc cxovrobs xandazmulTa TavSesafarSi, ojaxis wevrebTan da marto. es respondentTa pasuxebs Soris mniSvnelovan gansxvavebebsa da msgavsebebs TqvenTvis ufro TvalsaCinos gaxdis. miznebis gansazRvra dagexmarebaT respondentTa saWiro raodenobis dadgenasa da kiTxvebis ukeT formulirebaSi. gasaubrebis ori forma arsebobs: struqturuli da arastruqturuli. struqturuli forma gulisxmobs kiTxvaris winaswar Sedgenas, xolo respondentebi erTsa da imave kiTxvebs pasuxoben. es midgoma saSualebas mogcemT, gasaubrebis farglebSi yuradReba

24

gaamaxviloT TqvenTvis saintereso informaciaze. amasTan, SeZlebT, erTmaneTs Seada- roT respondentTa pasuxebi da gamoavlinoT nebismieri mniSvnelovani msgavseba Tu gansxvaveba. es yovelive struqturuli midgomis upiratesi mxareebia. uaryofiT mxa-reebs rac Seexeba, respondenti SesaZloa flobdes TqvenTvis mniSvnelovan damatebiT informacias, magram struqturuli gasaubrebis formatidan gamomdinare (romelSic kiTxvebi winaswar gansazRvrulia) TqvenTvis am informaciis gaziareba ver SeZlos. struqturuli gasaubrebis bolos SegiZliaT respondents hkiTxoT, raimes damatebas xom ar isurvebda. es maT saSualebas miscems, gagiziaroT damatebiTi informacia, ro-melic SesaZloa TqvenTvis gamosadegi aRmoCndes. arastruqturul gasaubrebas rac Seexeba, mas ufro saubris forma aqvs, xolo kiTxvebi respondentis mier gacemuli pasuxebidan gamomdinare svamT. es formati sasargebloa siRrmiseuli informaciis mosapoveblad, magram struqturuli formatisgan gansxvave-biT, respondentTa pasuxebis Sedarebis saSualebas ar iZleva. xSirad rTulia, akon-troloT arastruqturuli gasaubreba, ris gamoc damwyebma mkvlevarma SesaZloa ga-saubrebis bolos aRmoaCinos, rom mniSvnelovan kiTxvebze pasuxebi ver miiRo. swored amitom, rekomendebulia gasaubrebis nawili mainc CaataroT struqturul formatSi. (ix. cxrili #5 `mzadeba gasaubrebisTvis~. gverdi 43).

gamokiTxvisa da gasaubrebis gziT mopovebuli monacemebis analizi

gamokiTxvisa da gasaubrebis safuZvelze mopovebuli monacemebi dagexmarebaT, SeityoT meti sakvlevi Temis mimarT samizne jgufis damokidebulebebis, aRqmisa da Sesabamisi gamocdilebis Sesaxeb. amavdroulad, sasargeblo informaciis miReba mxolod mopove-buli monacemebis gulmodgine analizis Sedegadaa SesaZlebeli. monacemebis analizi or ZiriTad mizans emsaxureba: respondentTa pasuxebs Soris mniSvnelovani msgavse-bebisa Tu gansxvavebebis gamovlenas da gamovlenil gansxvavebebsa da individualur qvejgufebs Soris kavSiris dadgenas. respondentTa pasuxebs Soris msgavsebis dadgena ar niSnavs 100%-iT identuri pasuxebis gamovlenas, aramed yuradReba unda miaqcioT saerTo tendenciebsa da elementebs.

monacemTa analizi, sawyisi etapi

saerTo tendenciebis gamovlenamde pirvel rigSi pasuxebis Sejameba anu „kodireba“ unda moaxdinoT. termini „kodireba“ monacemTa kategorizacias gulisxmobs. analizis meTodi ganisazRvreba imisda mixedviT, Tu ra saxis kiTxvebi iqna gamoyenebuli Ria, Tu daxuruli.

daxuruli kiTxvebis SemTxvevaSi monacemTa kategorizacia ufro advilia, vinaidan yve-la respondenti savaraudo pasuxebs Soris akeTebs arCevans. magaliTad, rodesac sazo-gadoebrivi transportiT mgzavrobT, Tqven: a) yovelTvis vixdi mgzavrobis safasurs; b) rogorc wesi, vixdi; g) zogjer vixdi; d) iSviaTad vixdi; e) arasodes vixdi. pasuxebis Sesajameblad ubralod unda gamoTvaloT im respondentTa raodenoba, romlebmac konkretuli savaraudo pasuxi airCies. magaliTad, 133 gamokiTxulidan 64-ma airCia pasuxi „a“, 45-ma airCia „b“, 16-ma „g“, xolo 8-m „d“. Ria kiTxvebze gacemuli pasuxebis kategorizacia SedarebiT rTulia da Tqvengan garkveuli gadawyvetilebis miRebas moiTxovs. umjobesia, Ria saxis kiTxvebi winaswar dayoT kategoriebad, magaliTad, a) mtkiced uWeren mxars; b) uWeren mxars; g) mosaz-reba ara aqvs; d) ewinaaRmdegeba; e) mtkiced ewinaaRmdegeba. pasuxebi am kategoriebis

25

qveS gadaanawileT da Semdeg daajameT, romeli kategoriis qveS ramdeni pasuxi moxvda, ise rogorc daxuruli kiTxvebis SemTxvevaSi. gaiTvaliswineT, rom SesaZloa romelime konkretuli pasuxi arc erT kategorias ar ergebodes. aseT dros umjobesia, pasuxi droebiT gverdiT gadadoT. danarCeni monacemebis kodirebas rom daasrulebT, gverdze gadadebul pasuxebs miubrundiT. am pasuxebs ra aqvT saerTo? ra aqvT gansxvavebuli? es SesaZloa axali kategoriis gamovlenaSic dagexmaroT. aseT SemTxvevebSi mkvlevarebi amboben, rom monacemebi „ambavs gviyveba“, amitom pasuxebi guldasmiT unda SeiswavloT da ar gamogrCeT raime „ambavi“, romelsac monacemebi „gviyveba“. meores mxriv, es pasuxebi SesaZloa warmoadgendes anomalias, anu iyos „amovardnili“, rogorc mas mkvleva-rebi eZaxian, rac imas niSnavs, rom monacemebi pasuxebis saSualo diapazons scdeba da Sesabamisad, farTod gavrcelebul mosazrebasa Tu gamocdilebas ar warmoadgens. aseT pasuxebs didi mniSvneloba ar eniWeba. monacemTa Sejamebis anu kodificirebis Semdeg xdeba maTi analizi mniSvnelobis dasagenad. aseT dros xSirad pirvel rigSi xdeba yvelaze farTod gavrcelebuli mo-sazrebisa Tu tendenciis gamovlena. mivubrundeT zemoT ganxilul magaliTs. Tvali gadaavleT gamokiTxvis Sedegebs. ras miuTiTebs es Sedegebi? maTze dayrdnobiT Segvi-Zlia vivaraudoT, rom gamokiTxulTa umravlesoba avtobusiT mgzavrobis safasurs ixdis. Tumca, mopovebuli monacemebi kidev erT mniSvnelovan informacias gvawvdis. Tu kargad daakvirdebiT, dainaxavT, rom respondentTa naxevarze meti sul mcire, zog SemTxvevaSi mainc ar ixdis mgzavrobis safasurs. es sakmaod yuradsaRebi informaciaa, Tu Tqvens mizans arsebul praqtikaSi problemis gamovlena warmoadgens. mgzavrobis Rirebulebis gadamxdelTa da aragadamxdelTa Sesaxeb ufro Rrma da amomwuravi sura-Tis SeqmnaSi dagvexmareba analizis meore saxeoba, romelic qvejgufebs ukavSirdeba. CavTvaloT, rom kiTxvarSi respondentebma miuTiTes TavianTi asaki da sqesi. respon-dentTa pasuxebi davyoT asakobrivi qvejgufebisa da sqesis mixedviT. daakvirdiT qve-moT moyvanil cxrils (simartivisTvis cxrili mxolod sam asakobriv jgufs asaxavs. rogorc wesi, asakobrivi jgufebis raodenoba damokidebulia konkretul Temaze da xSirad sams aRemateba). ra tendenciebs amCnevT? romeli qvejgufi ixdis mgzavrobis safasurs yvelaze xSirad? romeli ar ixdis?

gamokiTxvis SekiTxva: `qvemoT CamoTvlili debulebebidan romeli asaxavs Tqvens qmedebas sazogadoebrivi transportiT mgzavrobisas?~

mamr. asaki 16-25 26-40 41 da zeviT sul

a - yovelTvis vixdi 4 12 17 33

b - Cveulebriv vixdi 4 7 10 21

g - xandaxan vixdi 6 4 0 10

d - iSviaTad vixdi 7 0 0 7

e - arasodes vixdi 0 0 0 0

mdedr.

a - yovelTvis vixdi 5 10 16 31 (64)

b - Cveulebriv vixdi 4 10 10 24 (45)

g - xandaxan vixdi 3 3 0 6 (16)

d - iSviaTad vixdi 1 0 0 1 (8)

e - arasodes vixdi 0 0 0 0 (0)

26

zemoT moyvanili monacemebi ramdenime tendecias asaxavs, kerZod:

• sazogadoebrivitransportiTmgzavrobissafasursyvelazenaklebadixdianaxalgazrdebi;

• mgzavrobissafasursregularuladyvelazenaklebadixdian16-dan25wlam-de asakis mamrobiTi sqesis warmomadgenlebi;

• mgzavrobis safasurs regularulad yvelaze metad ixdian 40 wels zemoTasakis mgzavrebi.

analizis safuZvelze mopovebuli informacia dagexmarebaT problemis ukeT SeswavlaSi. axla, rodesac TqvenTvis cnobilia, rom sazogadoebrivi transportiT mgzavrobis sa-fasurs yvelaze naklebad axalgazrdebi ixdian, SegiZliaT dasaxoT Sesabamisi RonisZie-bebi arsebuli mdgomareobis gamosasworeblad. gaixseneT zemoT moyvanili magaliTi problemis araswori diagnozis Sesaxeb. am SemTxvevaSi studentebis mier problemis siRrmiseulad Seswavlasa da realuri cvlilebis moxdenas informaciis naklebobam Se-uSala xeli. zogadad, rac ufro zustia informacia, miT ufro metad gagiadvildebaT kvlevis warmoeba da problemis analizi, rac saboloo jamSi, problemis efeqturi gadawyvetis mignebas uwyobs xels. monacemTa analizis dros unda gamoricxoT movlenasa da cvlad aqtors Soris pirda-piri mizezobrivi urTierTobis dadgena. magaliTad, zemoT moyvanil magaliTSi is faq-ti, rom axalgazrdebi ufro naklebad ixdian mgzavrobis safasurs, ar niSnavs, rom problemis gamomwvevi mizezia asaki da Sesabamisad, rac ufro metad ematebaT asaki adamianebs, miT ufro metad ixdian mgzavrobis gadasaxads. axalgazrdebis saqcielis gamomwvevi mizezebis Seswavla damatebiT kvlevas saWiroebs. amas mivyavarT monacemTa analizis bolo etapamde, romelic tendenciebis gamovlenas gulisxmobs. mizezebis dadgenaSi dagexmarebaT sxva gamokiTxvis an gasaubrebis Sedegebi, romlis farglebSic respondentebma mizezebTan dakavSirebiT TavianTi pozicia daafiqsires. SeiswavleT, ra saerTo aqvT miRebul pasuxebs da Sedegebs gamokiTxvis farglebSi dasmul sxva kiTxvebze gacemul pasuxebTan. SeadareT pasuxebi maT Soris raime urTierTkavSiris dasadgenad. magaliTad, davuSvaT, rom mizezebs Soris respondentebi yvelaze xSirad ufulobas asaxelebdnen. Tu Tqven daadgineT, rom aRniSnuli mizezi ZiriTadad 16-dan 25 wlamde asakobrivi jgufis warmomadgenlebs mohyavdaT, SegiZliaT daaskvnaT, rom axalgazrdebis umetesoba mgzavrobis safasurs ufulobis gamo ar ixdis. axla Tqven ukve gaqvT sakmarisi informacia problemis gadasaWreli rekomendaciis SesamuSaveb-lad, magaliTad, studentebisTvis SeRavaTiani samgzavro tarifebis SemoReba.

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safexuri 3 - 6 kursiT miRebuli codnis gamoyeneba proeqtis Temaze muSaobisas

safexuri 3 - problemis analizi mTavrobis mier ganxorcielebuli saqmianobis perspeqtividan

demokratiul sazogadoebaSi problemis mogvareba sxvadasxva gzebiT SeiZleba. zogjer saukeTeso gamosavals mTavrobis mier Sesabamisi zomebis miReba warmoadgens. am etapis farglebSi Tqven gevalebaT gamovlenili problemis analizi mTavrobis perspeqtividan. zog SemTxvevaSi ar arsebobs Sesabamisi kanonmdebloba, romelic problemis efeqturad mogvarebis saSualebas Seuwyobda xels. Sesabamisad, umjobesia es Tema xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebis yuramde miitanoT. zog SemTxvevaSi Sesabamisi kanoni arsebobs, magram ar xdeba misi jerovani aRsruleba. aseT dros unda gamoikvlioT arsebuli kanonmdebloba da problemis Sesaxeb xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebs gaesaubroT.

pirvel rigSi, gaecaniT saxelmZRvanelos pirvel Tavs. saxelmZRvanelo da saklaso aqtivobebi saSualebas mogcemT, gaecnoT zogadad demokratiuli mTavrobebis mova-leobebs da konkretulad, saqarTvelos xelisuflebis movaleobebs qarTveli xalxis mimarT. es codna mniSvnelovnad dagexmarebaT mTavrobis CarTulobiT problemis ga- daWris gzebis moZiebaSi.

proeqtis mocemuli etapis mizans warmoadgens imis Sefaseba, Tu ra unda moimoqmedos xelisuflebam Tqvens mier identificirebuli problemis mosagvareblad. am kiTxvaze pasuxis gacema rom SeZloT, unda gesmodeT mTavrobis movaleobebi, saqarTvelos mo-qalaqeebis uflebebi da arsebuli kanonmdebloba. rekomendebulia, gadaxedoT saqar- Tvelos konstituciis garkveul aspeqtebs da identificirebuli problemis mixedviT gamoikvlioT Sesabamisi kanonmdebloba da saxelisuflebo dokumentebi, aseve, gaesaub- roT saxelmwifo moxeleebs. aseve mniSvnelovania, maqsimalurad Rrma da amomwuravi pasuxi gasceT qvemoT moyvanil kiTxvebs. zogierTi maTgani albaT saklaso diskusiebis drosac ganixileT. mocemul etapze Tqveni gzamkvlevi swored es kiTxvebi iqneba. isini saSualebas mogcemT, CauR- rmavdeT mTavrobis rols Tqvens mier identificirebuli problemis gadasaWrelad. ga-moiyeneT cxrili „mTavrobis roli da Tqveni sakvlevi Tema“. (ix. cxrili #6. gverdi 44).

• akisriaTuarasaqarTvelosmTavrobasTqvensmiergamovleniliproblemismogvarebis pasuxismgebloba? Tqveni pasuxi srulad ganmarteT. daimowmeT saqarTvelos konstituciis an demokratiis principebis konkretuli as-peqtebis citatebi;

• ra konkretuli qmedebebi gadadga saqarTvelos xelisuflebam problemismosagvareblad? ramdenad warmatebuli gamodga es qmedebebi? migaCniaT, rom metis gakeTebaa saWiro? ratom?

• rogorfiqrobT,saqarTvelosmTavrobamraundamoimoqmedosTqvensmiergamovlenili problemis gadasaWrelad?

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safexuri 4 - problemis analizi adamianis uflebebis perspeqtividan

proeqtis am safexurze gamoiyeneT adamianis uflebebis Sesaxeb miRebuli codna. pir-

vel rigSi, gaecaniT saxelmZRvanelos meore Tavs da gadaxedeT adamianis uflebebsa da

maT dasacavad arsebul meqanizmebs.

exeba Tu ara saqme adamianis uflebis darRvevas? adamianis uflebebis sayovelTao

deklaraciis Tanaxmad, adamianebs uflebaTa farTo speqtri gaaCniaT, maT Soris dasve-

nebisa da Tavisufali drois gamoyenebis ufleba, romelsac 24-e muxli uzrunvelyofs.

22-e muxlis Tanaxmad, „yovel adamians, rogorc sazogadoebis wevrs, aqvs socialuri

uzrunvelyofis ufleba da ufleba iyos realizebuli ekonomikur, socialur da kul-

turul dargebSi, rogorc erovnul doneze ise saerTaSoriso TanamSromlobis meSve-

obiT da yoveli saxelmwifos struqturisa da resursebis Sesabamisad, is uflebebi,

romlebic aucilebelia misi Rirsebis SenarCunebis Tavisufali ganviTarebisaTvis“.

deklaraciis formulireba sakmaod farToa da SesaZloa vigulisxmoT, rom adamians „sa-

kuTari pirovnebis ganviTarebis Tavisuflebis“ farglebSi TiTqmis yvela piradi sur-

vilis ufleba aqvs. Sesabamisad, pirvel rigSi unda ganisazRvros, gamovlenili sakiTxi

namdvilad ekuTvnis Tu ara adamianis uflebebis sferos. saxelmZRvanelos meore Tavi

Seicavs informacias im uflebebis Sesaxeb, romlebic calsaxad aRqmuli da daculi

unda iyos, rogorc adamianis uflebebi.

adamianis uflebebis dacvas araerTi meqanizmi Tu organizacia uzrunvelyofs. arse-

bobs rogorc adgilobrivi, ise saerTaSoriso meqanizmebic, rogorebicaa gaero da

evropuli sasamarTlo. pirovnebis an pirovnebaTa jgufis adamianis uflebebis dar-

Rvevis SemTxvevaSi dazaralebulebs saSualeba aqvT mimarTon samarTlebrivi dacvis

saSualebebs. zogjer dazaralebulebs resursebis naklebobis, asakisa Tu gonebrivi

SesaZleblobebis gamo sakuTari Tavis dacva ar ZaluZT. aseT SemTxvevebSi, maTi ufle-

bebis dacvas SesaZloa sxvam gauwios advokatireba.

ganixileT Tqvens mier SerCeuli sakiTxi adamianis uflebebis perspeqtividan. saamisod

dagWirdebaT cxrili (ix. cxrili #7 `adamianis uflebebi da sakvlevi Tema~. gverdi 45).

meore TavSi miRebuli codna saSualebas mogcemT daadginoT, marTlac aqvs Tu ara

adgili adamianis uflebebis darRvevas da SearCioT Sesabamisi meqanizmebi darRvevaze

reagirebis mizniT. amis gakeTeba SesaZlebelia pirovnebisaTvis an pirovnebaTa jgu-

fisaTvis miyenebuli zianis analizis safuZvelze. mivubrundeT magaliTs parkirebis

araadeqvatur pirobebTan dakavSirebiT. dazaralebul pirebs ra ziani miadgaT? zogs

parkirebis adgilidan sakmao manZilis gavla uwevs sacxovrebel binamde misaRwevad.

parkirebis mosaxerxebeli pirobebis qona mniSvnelovania, Tumca mocemul SemTxvevaze

veravin ityvis, rom adamianis uflebebis darRvevasTan gvaqvs saqme. Tumca, es ar niSnavs

imas, rom dazaralebulma pirebma problemis gamosworebaze ar unda izrunon. demokra-

tiuli procesebi moqalaqeebs saSualebas aZlevs, maqsimalurad daikmayofilon Tavi-

anTi saWiroebebi da survilebi. mniSvnelovania imis dadgena, Tu ramdenad miekuTvneba

mocemuli sakiTxi adamianis uflebebis sferos, raTa Sesabamisad ganisazRvros prob-

lemis simwvave da gadaWris gzebi. amis miRwevaSi miRebuli codna dagexmarebaT.

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safexuri 5 - problemis analizi samoqalaqo sazogadoebis CarTulobis per-speqtividan

samoqalaqo sazogadoeba jansaRi demokratiuli sazogadoebis ganuyofeli nawilia.

moqalaqeTa gaerTianeba saerTo miznebis misaRwevad resursebis gaziarebis SesaZleb-

lobas gulisxmobs, rac samoqalaqo organizaciebs saSualebas aZlevs warmatebiT ga-

naxorcielon is, rasac damoukideblad ver SeZlebdnen. samoqalaqo sazogadoebas ara-

erTi roli akisria. zogierTi maTgani sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebis ganxorcielebas

lobirebs, nawili arsebuli kanonebis dacvasa da aRsrulebas uwevs advokatirebas. ar-

seboben isinic, vinc sazogadoebis cnobierebis amaRlebasa da ganaTlebaze zrunavs an

konkretul qmedebebzea orientirebuli da mocemuli problemis gadawyvetaze piradad

muSaobs. ufro farTomasStabiani samoqalaqo organizaciebi SesaZloa sazogadoebis

interesebis dasacavad erTze met mizansac emsaxurebodnen. mexuTe safexuris mizania

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis rolis ganxilva arsebuli problemis mogvarebaSi.

am etapze dagWirdebaT arsebuli samoqalaqao sazogadoebis kvleva da mocemuli prob-

lemis dasaZlevad maT mier ganxorcielebuli konkretuli qmedebebis Seswavla. kvlevis

dros ixelmZRvaneleT im miniSnebebiTa da principebiT, romelTac winamdebare saxel-

mZRvanelo gTavazobT wyaros analizisa da gamokiTxvebis sawarmoeblad. aucilebelia

gaxsovdeT, rom samoqalaqo organizaciebs garkveuli mizani amoZravebT da Sesabamisad,

maT ukve gaaCniaT konkretuli damokidebuleba sakvlevi Temis mimarT. ecadeT, arsebu-

li organizaciebisa da maT mier warmatebiT ganxorcielebuli samuSaoebis Sesaxeb rac

SeiZleba meti informacia moiZioT. magaliTad, ramdenad efeqturad exmareba mocemuli

organizacia sazogadoebis im nawils, romelsac igi emsaxureba? ramdenad efeqturad

TanamSromlobs kanonmdeblebTan? SeuZliaT Tu ara saxsrebis moZieba da am saxsrebis

warmatebiT mimarTva problemis gadasaWrelad? axorcieleben Tu ara kampaniebs sazo-

gadoebrivi cnobierebis asamaRleblad? ra saxis momsaxureobas uweven sazogadoebas,

gansakuTrebiT sazogadoebis im nawils, romlisTvisac mocemuli problema aqtualuria?

am kiTxvebze pasuxis gacema dagexmarebaT daadginoT, axorcielebs Tu ara samoqalaqos

sazogadoeba konkretul RonisZiebebs problemis gadasaWrelad. Tu axorcielebs, sa-

Sualeba gaqvT am organizaciis mier gaweul Zalisxmevas SeuerTdeT. Tu ar axorcielebs,

Tavad moifiqreT is konkretuli nabijebi, romlis gadadgmac samoqalaqo sazogadoebas

SeuZlia arsebuli problemis mosagvareblad. am procesSi dagexmarebaT cxrili „samoqa-

laqo sazogadoeba da Tqveni sakvlevi problema“. (ix. cxrili #8. gverdi 46).

mas Semdeg, rac daasrulebT kvlevas im iniciativebis Sesaxeb, romelsac samoqalaqo

sazogadoeba ukve axorcielebs, moifiqreT, rogor da ra formiTaa SesaZlebeli samo-

qalaqo sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebis gamoyeneba problemis mogvarebis procesSi. Se-

giZliaT am organizaciaSi daiwyoT muSaoba an moxaliseoba, an sakuTari arasamTavrobo

organizacia SeqmnaT.

sakuTari arasamTavrobo organizaciis Seqmna: gasaTvaliswinebeli garemoebebi

Tu fiqrobT, rom samoqalaqo sazogadoebis mier ganxorcielebuli RonisZiebebi ara-

sakmarisia, SegiZliaT sakuTari arasamTavrobo organizaciis Seqmnaze ifiqroT. es Sesa-

niSnavi gzaa sazogadoebis sasikeTo saqmis erToblivad keTebisaTvis. Tumca, manamde

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araerTi garemoeba unda gaiTvaliswinoT. warmatebuli arasamTavrobo organizaciis

Seqmnas bevri dro da resursebi esaWiroeba. gaiTvaliswineT Semdegi mniSvnelovani

sakiTxebi:

• raarisTqveniarasamTavroboorganizaciismiznebi?rogorcgrZelvadiani,ise

moklevadiani?

• raSi mdgomareobs samizne sazogadoebis saWiroebebi? rogori gziT gamoavlens

arasamTavrobo organizacia am saWiroebebs an rogor Seqmnis forums, sazogadoe-

bis mier sakuTari saWiroebebis Tavad gamosaxatavad?

• organizaciismiznismisaRwevadrasaxisSesaZleblobebidaresursebiasaWiro?

• rasaxiseqspertuligamocdilebagaaCniaTTanamSromlebs?TqveniTanamSromlebi

srul ganakveTze imuSaveben Tu naxevarze? xelfasze Tu moxalised?

• rogoriiqnebadafinansebisstrategia?arasamTavroboorganizaciebsdafinanse-

bis ra wyaroebze miuwvdebaT xeli? romeli maTgania adgilobrivi? saerTaSoriso?

rogor moiZiebT saxsrebs moklevadiani da grZelvadiani saqmianobis dasafinanse-

blad?

sakuTari arasamTavrobo organizaciis Seqmnis dagegmva kargad gaazrebuli procesi

unda iyos. daiwyeT zemoaRniSnul kiTxvebze pasuxis gacemiT. amasTan, daimaxsovreT,

rom sazogadoebisaTvis aqtualuri problemebis umravlesoba didi xania arsebobs da

mas araerTi kompleqsuri gamomwvevi mizezi SeiZleba hqondes. Sesabamisad, mniSvnelova-

nia gamoiCinoT moTmineba da ar danebdeT.

safexuri 6 - problemis analizi calkeuli moqalaqeebis CarTulobis perspeq-tividan

demokratiul sazogadoebaSi calkeul pirovnebebs sazogadoebis sakeTildReod SeuZ-

liaT Tavisuflad, sakuTari iniciativiT imoqmedon. es jansaRi demokratiuli sazo-

gadoebis SenarCunebis ganuyofel nawils warmoadgens. calkeuli moqalaqeebis Car-

Tulobis erTi konkretuli gansazRvreba ar arsebobs, vinaidan aRniSnuli koncefcia

moqalaqeTa qcevisa da moqmedebis farTo speqtrs aerTianebs. Cven movaxdineT maTi

kategorizacia savaraudo Sedegebis mixedviT. qvemoT moyvanil TiToeul kategoriaSi

SegiZliaT gaecnoT Sesabamis magaliTebsa da ganmartebebs.

samoqalaqo CarTulobis saxeobebi

1. jgufSi monawileoba

calkeul pirovnebebs SeuZliaT SeuerTdnen ama Tu im jgufs, romelic konkretuli

sakiTxis mogvarebasa Tu interesze zrunavs. magaliTad, saeklesio jgufi an reli-

giuri organizacia, saskolo jgufi, sportuli da gasarTobi asociacia, samoqalaqo

asociaciebi da adgilobrivi sazogadoebrivi klubebi. jgufSi monawileoba samoqalaqo

sazogadoebasTan TanamSromlobis msgavsia. Tumca, am SemTxvevaSi, yuradReba maxvil-

deba samoqalaqo CarTulobisTvis da problemis mosagvareblad calkeuli pirovnebis

mier ganxorcielebul RonisZiebebze da ara arasamTavrobo organizaciis an samoqalaqo

sazogadoebis organizaciis erTian Zalisxmevaze. kidev erTi gansxvaveba mdgomareobs

imaSi, rom zogierTi jgufi mxolod da mxolod erT konkretul sazogadoebasa Tu in-

teress emsaxureba.

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aSS-Si arsebobs araerTi organizacia Tu klubi, sadac saerTo interesebis mqone

pirovnebebs SeuZliaT gaerTiandnen da adgilobriv sazogadoebas emsaxuron. erT-erT

magaliTs adgilobriv mebaReTa klubi warmoadgens, romlis wevrebic erTmaneTs uzi-

areben informacias mebaReobis Sesaxeb da agreTve, iseT proeqtebSi iReben monawile-

obas, rogorebicaa adgilobrivi sazogadoebis baRebsa Tu parkebSi nergebis dargva

da movla-patronoba. aseTi jgufi xSirad araformaluri gaerTianebaa, ierarqiisa Tu

gawevrianebasTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnilebebis gareSe. sxva organizaciebs SesaZloa

ufro formaluri struqtura da wevrobasTan dakavSirebuli procedurebi gaaCndeT.

magaliTad, zogierT samoqalaqo organizaciaSi mxolod miwveul pirovnebebs SeuZliaT

gawevrianeba. moqmedebs sawevro gadasaxadi, xolo organizaciis wevroba garkveul mova-

leobebsac gulisxmobs. es organizaciebi wevrebisaTvis araerT socialur RonisZiebas

awyoben da sazogadoebis interesebs emsaxurebian saqvelmoqmedo aqciebis gamarTvi-

Ta Tu Semowirulobebis gacemiT, an sazogadoebis informirebisa da cnobierebis asa-

maRlebeli programebis ganxorcielebiT.

arsebul jgufSi monawileoba an axali jgufis Seqmna sazogadoebis interesebis samsa-

xurs gulisxmobs. aseT jgufebs sazogadoebis keTildReobaSi mniSvnelovani wvlilis

Setana SeuZliaT.

2. mimdinare movlenebis Sesaxeb informirebuloba

demokratiul sazogadoebaSi pirovnebebi valdebulni arian informirebulni iyvnen mim-

dinare movlenebis Sesaxeb. es maT saSualebas aZlevT, sajaro gadawyvetilebis miRebis

procesSi ufro efeqturad CaerTon da ganaxorcielon mTavrobis, biznesis, organi-

zaciebisa Tu pirovnebebis monitoringi im potenciuri safrTxeebis gamosavlenad, ro-

melic sazogadoebis keTildReobas SeiZleba daemuqros.

arsebobs informaciis mopovebis sxvadasxva gza: satelevizio axali ambebi, gazeTebi,

radio, Jurnalebi, onlain resursebi, leqciebi da diskusiebi (maT Soris iseTi teqno-

logiebis gamoyenebiT, rogorebicaa onlain bloguri Catebi, Facebook saubrebi an Twit-ter). samoqalaqo azrovnebis mqone pirovnebebi zemoT CamoTvlil saSualebebs kviraSi

ramdenjerme mimarTaven da mimdinare movlenebze informirebuloba maT pirdapir mo-

valeobad miaCniaT. daimaxsovreT, rom uaRresad mniSvnelovania kritikulad SeafasoT

axali ambebis wyaro, vinaidan isinic ki SesaZloa konkretuli mosazrebis sasargeblod

ixrebodnen da tendenciurobas amJRavnebdnen. am mizniT, wyaros Sesafaseblad ixel-

mZRvaneleT tendenciurobis gamosavlen cxrilSi warmodgenili principebiT (ix. cxri-

li #3 `tendenciurobis gamovlena~. gverdi 41). aseve, efeqturia axali ambebis ramde-

nime gansxvavebuli wyarodan miRebis strategiac.

3. politikuri iniciativa

xSirad samoqalaqo monawileobis mkafio indikatorad arCevnebSi amomrCevelTa mona-

wileobas asaxeleben. Tumca, xmis micema politikuri samoqalaqo CarTulobis mxolod

erT-erTi meTodia. arsebobs kidev araerTi meTodi. magaliTad, partiisa Tu kandidatis

mxardaWera. arsebobs mxardaWeris gamoxatvis araerTi gza: simbolikiani gulsabnevebi,

manqanis stikerebi, romlebzec gamosaxulia kandidatis saxeli an kampaniis slogani,

partiis sasargeblod finansuri saxsrebis mozidvis mizniT gamarTul RonisZiebeb-

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ze daswreba an organizebaSi daxmarebis gaweva, saarCevno kampaniis Semowirulobebi,

satelefono zarebis ganxorcieleba an kardakar vizitebi amomrCevelTa dasarwmuneb-

lad, raTa maT konkretuli kandidatis sasargeblod miscen xma. arCevnebSi monawileoba

sajaro politikaze gavlenis moxdenis erTaderT gzas ar warmoadgens. igive miznis

miRweva SesaZlebelia peticiaze xelmowerebis SegrovebiTa da misi parlamentis an adgi-

lobrivi xelisuflebisTvis wardgeniT, adgilobrivi xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebTan

kontaqtiTa Tu sajaro RonisZiebebze daswrebiT, ama Tu im sakiTxis Sesaxeb sakuTari

azris gamosaxatavad da moqalaqeTa aqtiurobis samotivaciod sazogadoebrivi cnobi-

erebis amaRlebiT. arsebobs sxva meTodebic sajaro moxeleebamde xmis misawvdenad sap-

rotesto demonstraciebisa Tu svlebis organizeba an maTSi monawileoba. gansakuTre-

buli yuradReba gaamaxvileT arCeviT Tanamdebobis pirebze, vinaidan isini ufro mzad

arian, mousminon sazogadoebas, romelsac emsaxurebian. rogorc xedavT, moqalaqeebs

mniSvnelovani monawileobis miReba SeuZliaT gadawyvetilebebis miRebis procesSi. ami-

saTvis mTavaria, mkafiod gamoxaton TavianTi mosazreba ama Tu im sakiTxTan dakavSire-

biT. saerTo miznis misaRwevad moqalaqeTa erToblivi Zalisxmevis kargi magaliTia 2003

wlis „vardebis revolucia“ saqarTveloSi.

4. ekonomikuri aqtivoba

moqalaqeebs gavlenis moxdena ekonomikaze mimarTuli aqtivobiTac SeuZliaT. kerZod,

konkretuli produqtisa Tu servisis boikotirebiT an SesyidviT, raTa gamoxaton saku-

Tari dadebiTi an uaryofiTi damokidebuleba mwarmoeblis Rirebulebebisa Tu muSaobis

mimarT. arsebobs magaliTebi, rodesac momxmareblebma masobrivad uari Tqves konkre-

tuli brendis samosis yidvaze mas Semdeg, rac Seityves, rom misi warmoeba xdeba iseT

samuSao pirobebSi, romelic adamianis uflebebs arRvevs. aseT SemTxvevaSi, Tu kompanias

mogebis danakargis mniSvnelovani safrTxe emuqreba, sazogadoebisa da momxmarebelTa

ndobis kvlav mosapoveblad igi xSirad sakuTari taqtikis Secvlas amjobinebs.

5. moxaliseoba momsaxurebis an sxva mizniT

moxaliseebs sazogadoebisaTvis mniSvnelovani samsaxuris gaweva SeuZliaT. moxaliseo-

bas SesaZloa regularuli saxe hqondes da ganxorcieldes magaliTad, kviraSi erTxel,

an erTjeradi RonisZiebis saxiT.

aseT SemTxvevaSi adamianebi sakuTar drosa da Zalisxmevas yovelgvari anazRaurebis ga-

reSe axmaren sxvebis keTildReobas an konkretuli miznis miRwevas. moxaliseobiT sazo-

gadoebisaTvis aqtualuri araerTi sakiTxis gadaWraa SesaZlebeli. am kuTxiT SeuzRu-

davi saSualebebi arsebobs. magaliTad, xandazmulTa an usaxlkaroTa TavSesafrebSi

samsaxuri, obolTa TavSesafarSi bavSvebisTvis wignis kiTxva, parkis dasufTavebaSi

monawileobis miReba an arCevnebis dakvirveba. moxaliseobis gaweva SesaZlebelia ro-

gorc individualurad (aseT SemTxvevaSi, moxaliseobis msurveli pirdapir ukavSirdeba

mag. obolTa TavSesafars da Tavis samsaxurs sTavazobs), ise jgufurad (organizaciebis

meSveobiT, romlebic am SemTxvevaSi Sesabamis saWiroebebs avlenen da am saWiroebebis

dasakmayofileblad sistemebsa da urTierTobebs amyareben). sazogadoebisTvis aqtu-

alur sakiTxebze zrunvis mizniT moxaliseobis gaweva nebismier pirovnebas SeuZlia,

ganurCevlad moxaliseobis meTodisa (damoukideblad Tu organizaciis saSualebiT) Tu

sixSirisa.

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am punqtis farglebSi problemis calkeuli moqalaqeebis CarTulobis kuTxidan ana-

lizis dros, albaT aRmoaCenT, rom individualuri CarTulobis araerTi saSualeba

arsebobs. mniSvnelovania, TiToeuli saSualeba SeiswavloT da Tqveni drois, resurse-

bisa da miznebis gaTvaliswinebiT yvelaze Sesaferisi gamoavlinoT. amaSi dagexmarebaT

cxrili „calkeuli moqalaqeebis CarTuloba“. (ix. cxrili #9. gverdi 47).

safexuri 7 - samoqmedo gegmis SemuSaveba

am etapis farglebSi unda SeadginoT samoqmedo gegma, romelic mimarTuli iqneba ga-

movlenili problemis mogvarebaze. rogorc ukve darwmundebodiT, sazogadoebisaT-

vis aqtualuri sakiTxebis gadaWris araerTi gza arsebobs: xelisuflebis warmomadgen-

lebTan, saerTaSoriso organizaciebTan, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebTan

TanamSromlobisa Tu calkeuli moqalaqeebis CarTulobis gziT. Sesaferisi gza prob-

lemis gadasaWrelad unda SeirCes misi Taviseburebidan gamomdinare. saamisod aucile-

belia gadaxedoT 3-6 safexurebis farglebSi Tqvens mier gaweul samuSaoebs da Ti-

Toeul TemasTan dakavSirebiT Tqvens mier rekomendebul zomebs. analizis safuZvelze

gamoavlineT is konkretuli RonisZiebebi, romelTa Setanac mizanSewonilad migaCniaT

samoqmedo gegmaSi. SesaZloa am procesSi axali da gansxvavebuli ideebic gagiCndeT.

samoqmedo gegmaSi SesaZlebelia maTi gamoyenebac.

samoqmedo gegmis Sedgenisas mniSvnelovania gaiTvaliswinoT, Tu ra gavlenas iqoniebs

Tqvens mier SerCeuli RonisZiebebi problemis mogvarebaze. rac ar unda mimzidvelad

JRerdes advilad ganxorcielebadi gegmis Sedgena, pirvel rigSi unda gaiTvaliswinoT

is, Tu ramdenad realur Sedegs gamoiRebs Tqvens mier gegmaSi Sesatanad SerCeuli

iniciativebi. amaSi dagexmarebaT cxrili „samoqmedo gegmis SemuSaveba, etapobrivi

dagegmva“. (ix. cxrili #10. gverdi 48).

dainteresebuli pirebis identificireba da maTTan TanamSromloba

miuxedavad imisa, rom individualuri aqtiuroba uaRresad mniSvnelovania, mdgradi

cvlileba da problemis gadawyveta erTze meti adamianis Zalisxmevas saWiroebs. dafiq-

rdiT, vin SeiZleba iyos dainteresebuli Tqvens mier identificirebuli problemis

gadaWriT? visi daxmarebiT SegiZliaT isargebloT dasaxuli miznis misaRwevad? Tqvens

xelT arsebuli resursebis gaTvaliswinebiT, albaT damatebiTi mxardaWera dagWirde-

baT. samoqmedo gegmis ganxorcielebaSi daixmareT isini, vinc dainteresebulni arian

problemis gadawyvetiT, iqneba es calkeuli pirovneba, Tu samoqalaqo sazogadoebis

warmomadgenlebi, romelTac didi odenobiT saWiro resursebi gaaCniaT. ecadeT, moZeb-

noT iseTi organizaciebi, romlebic ukve muSaoben Tqvens mier gamovlenili an msgavsi

problemis gadawyvetaze. moifiqreT, riT SeuZlia am organizacias Tqveni daxmareba?

magaliTad, studentTa jgufma samoqmedo proeqtis Sedgenaze muSaobisas gamoavlina

defibrilatorebis gamoyenebis arasakmarisi codnis problema. defibrilatori ki is

mowyobilobaa, romelsac sworad gamoyenebis pirobebSi adamianis sicocxlis gadarCena

SeuZlia. studentebma arasamTavrobo organizaciasTan erTad ganaxorcieles am mowyo-

bilobis gamosayeneblad ufaso treningi. rogorc xedavT, studentebma sakuTar mizans

miaRwies iseTi resursebis mqone organizaciasTan TanamSromlobiT, romelzedac stu-

dentebs ar miuwvdebodaT xeli.

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rodesac saqme exeba xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebsa da politikis Semqmnelebs, mniS-

vnelovania SeZloT imis warmoCena, rom xelisuflebis mier Sesabamisi zomebis miRebas

Tavad sazogadoeba iTxovs. SeagroveT dainteresebuli pirebis xelmowerebi peticiaze,

xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebs daukavSirdiT telefoniT, an gamarTeT maTTan Sexved-

rebi, daeswariT demonstraciebs, romelic mTavrobamde sazogadoebis xmis miwvdenis

efeqtur saSualebas warmoadgens. samoqmedo gegmis farglebSi dasaxeT strategia dain-

teresebuli mxareebis gamosavlenad da maTi poziciebis xelisuflebis yuradRebamde

misatanad.

im SemTxvevaSi, Tu saqme exeba individualur pirTa qcevisa Tu Sexedulebebis Secvlas,

magaliTad, SSm pirebis winaaRmdeg ganxorcielebuli diskriminacia, Tqveni samoqme-

do gegma erT-erT Semadgenel nawilad SesaZloa iTvaliswinebdes sazogadoebis cnobi-

erebis amaRlebas diskriminirebuli pirebis mier sazogadoebis ganviTarebaSi Setanil

wvlilTan dakavSirebiT, maTi talantebis Sesaxeb, rac SSm pirebis Sesaxeb mosaxleobis

informirebasa da damokidebulebis Secvlas Seuwyobs xels.

SeTavazebuli gegmis advokatireba

sazogadoebaSi cvlilebebis moxdena xSirad saWiroebs mosaxleobis informirebas imis

Sesaxeb, Tu ratom aris cvlilebebi mniSvnelovani da saWiro, gansakuTrebiT maSin

rodesac saqme exeba individualur pirTa qcevisa da Sexedulebebis Secvlas. swored

amitom, Tqveni samoqmedo gegma unda iTvaliswinebdes problemis Sesaxeb sxvebis in-

formirebas. amisaTvis jerovnad unda moemzadoT da gqondeT damajerebeli argumen-

ti. qvemoT mocemulia sasargeblo saxelmZRvanelo principebi, romlebic mosamzadebel

etapze gamogadgebaT:

• ipoveTgzasamizneauditoriisyuradRebismisapyrobad.sawyisimesijimaTiemo-

ciebisa da inteleqtis gaTvaliswinebiT SeimuSaveT. am miznis miRwevis sxvadasxva

gza arsebobs, rogorebicaa: mimzidveli gamosaxulebebi, dasamaxsovrebeli slo-

ganebi an ramdenime myari da dasabuTebuli faqtis prezentacia. daimaxsovreT,

rom es mxolod Sesavali etapia, romlis mizansac problemis mimarT auditoriis

interesis gaRviveba warmoadgens;

• Tqvenigzavniliundaiyoslakonuri.TuiswerilobiTia,ecadeT,azrimaqsima-

lurad mokled CamoayaliboT da mTavar gzavnils ar gadauxvioT. Tqvenma infor-

maciam mkiTxvels interesi ar unda daakargvinos. Tu informacias zepiri formiT

warmoadgenT, saTqmeli winaswar moamzadeT da ecadeT, rom saubris dros Ziri-

Tad gzavnils ar gadauxvioT;

• gamoiyeneTfaqtebi, monacemebida magaliTebi. maTzedayrdnobiTdaasabuTeT,

rom problema realurad arsebobs. amasTan, mniSvnelovani efeqti aqvs problemis

humanuri mxridan warmoCenas. Sesabamisad, mzad iyaviT konkretuli magaliTebi

moiyvanoT imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra gavlenas axdens mocemuli problema calkeul

pirebsa Tu Temebze;

• TqvenimiznebiauditoriasgauziareT.TuTqvenauditoriisaqtiurobasmoeliT,

daakonkreteT da ganmarteT maTi CarTulobis mniSvneloba;

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• gzavnili konkretul samizne auditorias moargeT. magaliTad, universitetisstudentebTan da adgilobrivi xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebTan urTierTobi-sas erTi da igive damokidebuleba ar gamogadgebaT. studentebTan komunikaciaSi SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT iumori, xolo adgilobrivi xelisuflebis warmomadgen-lebTan seriozuli da profesiuli midgoma unda gamoiCinoT. amasTan, konkretul auditoriasTan problemis is aspeqtebi unda ganixiloT, rac maTTvis yvelaze metad aqtualuria.

cxrili „samoqmedo gegmis advokatireba“ (ix. cxrili #11. gverdi 49) dagexmarebaT Tqveni ideebis ukeT organizebasa da samoqmedo gegmis sasargeblod mxardaWeris mobi-lizebaSi.

informaciis gaziarebisa da problemis Sesaxeb sxvebis cnobierebis amaRlebis sxva-dasxva meTodidan yvelaze Sesaferisi amoarCieT:

• posterebi, lifletebi, siaxleebi: beWduri masala, romelic farTo sazogadoe-bis informirebisTvis gamoiyeneba. mimzidveli saTaurebi, Sesabamisi faqtebis prezentacia da mokle aRwera imisa, Tu konkretulad ras eliT samizne audi-toriisagan;

• dramatuli, artistuli da musikaluri prezentaciebi: xelovneba xalxis emocieb-ze zemoqmedebis moxdenis SesaniSnavi gzaa. igi erTdroulad samizne auditoriis informirebisa da garTobis saSualebas warmoadgens. Tqven SegiZliaT airCioT piesis Seqmna, xelovnebis nimuSis Seqmna da gamofena, an koncerti, rac saSualebas mogcemT sazogadoebis yuradReba miipyroT da gazardoT maTi cnobiereba moce-muli problemis Sesaxeb. aseTi RonisZiebebi SegiZliaT CaataroT saqvelmoqmedo aqciebis saxiT;

• leqciebi an sajarod sityviT gamosvla: Tqveni gzavnili auditoriamde SegiZliaT miitanoT formaluri leqciis saSualebiT an sajaro forumze informaciis zepi-ri formiT gaziarebis gziT;

• mediasTan TanamSromloba: sagazeTo statia sakmaod efeqturi saSualebaa sazo-gadoebis informirebisTvis da yuradRebis misapyrobad. farTo auditoriis in-formirebaSi adgilobrivi radio da satelevizio sadgurebic dagexmarebaT;

• socialuri media: vebgverdis Seqmna an informaciis socialuri qselebis (Facebook an Twitter) saSualebiT gaziareba. es gansakuTrebiT efeqturi gzaa axalgazrda au-ditoriasTan saurTierTod;

• „fleS mobis“ dadgma: SesaniSnavi saSualebaa yuradRebis misapyrobad da prob-lemis Sesaxeb cnobierebis asamaRleblad.

sazogadoebis informirebis procesSi Tqven albaT aRmoaCenT, rom yvelaze efeqturi gza zemoT CamoTvlili ramdenime meTodis kombinaciaa. magaliTad, „fleS mobis“ dros mayureblebs SegiZliaT daurigoT broSurebi an flaierebi. sxvadasxva meTodebis kom-binirebis kidev araerTi gza arsebobs. gamoiyeneT nebismieri meTodi, romelic infor-maciis gaziarebis saSualebas mogcemT. mTavaria, winaswar saguldagulod moemzadoT (samoqmedo gegmis advokatirebis saxelmZRvanelo principebis mixedviT) da dagegmili aqtivoba Sesabamisi kanonmdeblobisa da maregulirebeli normebis dacviT ganaxor-

cieloT.

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safexuri 8 da 9 - jgufuri naSromisa da prezentaciis momzadeba da wardgena

bolo safexuri naSromisa da prezentaciis momzadebas da klasis winaSe wardgenas

gulisxmobs. orive maTganSi asaxuli unda iyos problema da unda aRwerdes SerCeul

samoqmedo gegmas. mniSvnelovania, auditoria daarwmunoT imaSi, rom problema rea-

lurad arsebobs. am mizniT saukeTeso gzaa kvlevis procesSi dadgenili faqtebis, mo-

nacemebisa da konkretuli magaliTebis moSvelieba. amasTan problema garkveviT unda

ganmartoT, vinaidan auditoriis nawils SesaZloa masze informacia ar hqondes. naS-

romis meore nawilSi warmoadgineT samoqmedo gegma da ganmarteT, Tqvenma jgufma am

gegmis ganxorcieleba ratom gadawyvita.

proeqtis mniSvnelovan nawils warmoadgens Tqveni Tanatolebis informireba problemis

Sesaxeb. prezentacia yvela qvemoT CamoTvlil elements unda Seicavdes:

• ganmarteTproblema;

• Sesabamisifaqtebis,monacemebisadamagaliTebisgamoyenebiTauditoriadaar-

wmuneT imaSi, rom problema arsebobs;

• aRwereT problemis Sesaxeb informaciis mosapoveblad gamoyenebuli kvlevis

meTodebi. magaliTad, gamokiTxvis SemTxvevaSi auditorias miawodeT informacia

respondentebis Sesaxeb;

• aRwereTTqvenisamoqmedogegma;

• ganmarteTrismixedviTSearCieTkonkretulisaqmianoba;

• upasuxeTdasmulkiTxvebs.

vinaidan Tqveni proeqtis erT-erT mizans Tqveni Tanatolebis cnobierebis amaRleba

warmoadgens, informacia maTTvis saintereso kuTxiT warmoaCineT. amaSi Power point-is formatis prezentacia dagexmarebaT. gaiTvaliswineT Semdegi mniSvnelovani rCevebi:

• ufronaklebiudrismets,iyaviT lakonuri: teqstis raodenoba TiToeul slaid-

ze ar unda aRematebodes ramdenime ZiriTad frazasa Tu faqts. didi moculobis

teqstis SemTxvevaSi, Tqveni mosmenis nacvlad auditoria met dros am teqstis

kiTxvas dauTmobs;

• slaidi ar warmoadgens prezentacias. masze ganTavsebuli informacia Tqvens

naTqvams unda asaxavdes, magram zepiri prezentacia ar unda Caanacvlos. slaide-

bi auditoriis dasaintereseblad unda gamoiyenoT, raTa maT Tqvens mier warmod-

genil informacias yuradRebiT mousminon;

• feri da animacia: slaidebma auditoriis yuradReba unda miiqcion. Sesabamisad,

gamoiyeneT feradi masalebi da animacia, magram ise, rom aman mayurebelTa yurad-

Reba ar gafantos. zedmetad feradi slaidebi da animaciebi auditorias infor-

maciis aRqmis saSualebas ar miscems da interess daakargvinebs. msgavsi saSuale-

bebi gamoiyeneT xelmomWirned da mxolod da mxolod auditoriis dainteresebis

mizniT;

37

• suraTebis gamoyeneba: vizualuri TvalsaCinoeba da gamosaxulebebi auditori-

is yuradRebis mipyrobis efeqturi saSualebaa. Tumca, zedmetad kompleqsuri

da detalizebuli gamosaxulebebi, magaliTad, monacemTa cxrili, aRsaqmelad

garkveul Zalisxmevas moiTxovs, ramac SesaZloa auditoriis yuradRebis gafan-

tva gamoiwvios.

uaRresad mniSvnelovania is, Tu rogor esaubrebiT auditorias. esaubreT pirda-

pir, xmamaRla da garkveviT, raTa mogisminon. msmenelebTan daamyareT mxedvelobiTi

kontaqti da isaubreT ise, rom oTaxis sxvadasxva nawilSi msxdomma yvela studen-

tma prezentaciis monawiled igrZnos Tavi. Tu prezentaciis dros damxmare masalas

iyenebT, mudam furclebSi ar unda iyurebodeT, aramed drodadro auditoriasTan

pirdapiri kontaqti unda daamyaroT. auditoriam unda igrZnos, rom Tema Tqven-

Tvis mniSvnelovania. am mizniT garkveuli doziT dramatizmi gamoiyeneT da isaubreT

grZnobiT. Tqveni saubris tembri ar unda iyos monotonuri, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi

msmenelebs darCebaT STabeWdileba, rom Tqven gansaxilveli sakiTxi naklebad gainte-

resebT. Sesabamisad, arc TviTon dainteresdebian. prezentaciis gamarTvamde am yve-

laferSi ivarjiSeT, rac damajereblad saubarSi dagexmarebaT.

38

safexuri 10 - miRebuli gamocdilebis Sefaseba

gamocdileba gvaZlevs codnas da cvlis Cvens damokidebulebas. zogjer amas verc ki

vxvdebiT, sanam miRebul gamocdilebas ar SevafasebT. studenturi samoqmedo proeq-

ti dagexmarebaT sakvlevi Temis Sesaxeb bevri axali informaciis SeswavlaSi. proeqtis

sxvadasxva etapze axal unar-Cvevebs ganiviTarebT da bolos, sazogadoebis sasikeTo

cvlilebebis mosaxdenad da demokratiul sistemebSi arsebuli resursebisa da Se-

saZleblobebis gamoyenebas iswavliT. proeqtis bolo nabiji am yvelafris SefasebaSi

dagexmarebaT. am procesSi megzurobas gagiwevT cxrili „miRebuli gamocdilebis Se-

faseba“ (ix. cxrili #12. gverdi 50).

39

danarTi

gonebrivi ieriSi

N1. Temis SerCeva studentTa samoqmedo proeqtisTvis

qvemoT moyvanili cxrili dagexmarebaT ideebis formirebaSi, SerCeuli sakiTxebis siR-rmiseulad Seswavlasa da samoqmedo proeqtisTvis Temebis SerCevaSi.

sveti 1 - CamowereT ideebi TemebTan dakavSirebiT;

sveti 2 da 3 - ra saxis informacia da resursebi dagWirdebaT TiToeul TemasTan da-kavSirebiT kiTxvebze pasuxis gasacemad da mis siRrmiseulad Sesaswavlad? pasuxebi gauziareT erTmaneTs;

sveti 4 - miRebul codnaze dayrdnobiT gansazRvreT Temis mniSvneloba da SeafaseT, Rirs Tu ara misi Seswavla samoqmedo proeqtis farglebSi; meoTxe svetSi gacemul pasuxebze dayrdnobiT, airCieT Tema, romelic TqvenTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani da sainteresoa.

sveti 1

CamowereT ideebi/Temebi

(Sefasebis gareSe)

sveti 2

ra kiTxvebi gaqvTmocemul TemasTan

dakavSirebiT

sveti 3

ra resursebi gamogadgebaT Temis

ukeT SeswavlaSi

sveti 4

SeafaseT mocemuli Temis mniSvneloba. Rirs Tu ara misi

Seswavla samoqmedo proeqtis farglebSi

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, daamateT xazebi

40

N2. resursebis identificireba

SesaZlo wyaroebi.TiToeuli kategoriis qveS miuTiTeT potenciuri wyaroebi, romlebic kvlevis procesSi gamogadgebaT

ganmarteT, rogor gamoiyenebT mocemul wyaros sakvlevi Temis Sesaxeb informaciis mosapoveblad

interneti

oficialuri monacemebi

kanonmdebloba

eqspertebi

axali ambebis wyaro

arasamTavrobo organizaciebi

dainteresebuli pirebi

farTo sazogadoeba

sxva

41

N3. tendenciurobis gamovlena

kiTxva pasuxi aRiniSneba tendenciurobis niSnebi?ratom?

1. informaciis wyaros (organizaciis an pirovnebis) miznebi

2. monacemebis miRebisa da analizis meTodebi

3. ramdenad pluralisturia informacia?

4. vin warmoadgens informaciis samizne auditorias?

zemoaRniSnul informaciaze dayrdnobiT upasuxeT kiTxvebs(individualurad an jgufurad)

• riT SeiZleba iyos ganpirobebuli tendenciuroba?

• tendenciurobis ra potenciali SeiniSneba?

• rogor gamoviyeno(T) miRebuli informacia?

• damatebiT, ra informaciis mopovebaa saWiro?

42

N4. mzadeba gamokiTxvisTvis

gamokiTxvis Catarebamde garkveuli dro momzadebas unda dauTmoT, raTa Sedegebi TqvenTvis realurad sasargeblo iyos. momzadebis procesSi gamoiyeneT qvemoT moce-muli kiTxvebi da saxelmZRvanelo principebi.

kiTxvebi:

1. ra warmoadgens Tqveni gamokiTxvis mizans? gamokiTxvis safuZvelze ra saxis infor-maciis miReba gsurT? miznebis winaswar gansazRvra swori gadawyvetilebebis miRebaSi dagexmarebaT.

2. vin aris respondenti? Tqvens mier dasaxelebuli miznebis gaTvaliswinebiT, visgan SeZlebT miiRoT saWiro informacia?

a. apirebT Tu ara SemTxveviTi SerCevis meTodis gamoyenebas? dadebiTi pasuxis SemTxvevaSi, ganmarteT.

b. apirebT Tu ara stratifikaciis meTodis gamoyenebas? dadebiTi pasuxis SemTxvevaSi, daasaxeleT konkretuli qvekategoriebi.

g. zemoaRniSnuli meTodebis ar gamoyeneba ra gavlenas iqoniebs gamokiTxvis Sedegebze?

3. kvlevis miznebidan gamomdinare gansazRvreT, dagWirdebaT Tu ara sxvadasxva samizne jgufebis gamokiTxvis mizniT gansxvavebuli kiTxvarebis Sedgena. magaliTad, SegiZliaT Tu ara maswavleblebisa da moswavleebis gamosakiTxad erTi da igive kiTxvari gamoi-yenoT?

4. guldasmiT gaecaniT saxelmZRvanelo principebs da Tqveni miznebis gaTvaliswinebiT daiwyeT kiTxvebis Sedgena.

a. ramdenad akmayofilebs Tqvens mier SemuSavebuli kiTxvebi saxelmZRvanelo principebis moTxovnebs?

b. ramdenad gexmarebaT kiTxvebi saWiro informaciis mopovebasa da dasaxuli miznebis miRwevaSi?

g. romelime kiTxva zedmeti xom ar geCvenebaT?

5. rogor ganaxorcielebT gamokiTxvas? gaiTvaliswineT sxvadasxva meTodologiebisa da teqnologiebis gamoyenebis, aseve weriTi da zepiri gamokiTxvebis dadebiTi da uar- yofiTi mxareebi.

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N5. mzadeba gasaubrebisTvis

gasaubrebis Catarebamde garkveuli dro momzadebas unda dauTmoT, raTa Sedegebi TqvenTvis realurad sasargeblo iyos. momzadebis procesSi gamoiyeneT qvemoT moce-muli kiTxvebi da saxelmZRvanelo principebi.

kiTxvebi:

1. ra aris gasaubrebis mizani? ra saxis informaciis miReba gsurT? miznebis winaswar gansazRvra swori gadawyvetilebebis miRebaSi dagexmarebaT.

2. vin aris respondenti? Tqvens mier dasaxelebuli miznebis gaTvaliswinebiT, visgan SeZlebT miiRoT saWiro informacia? TvliT, rom respondentebi gansxvavebuli katego-riis adamianebs (mag. eqspertebi, adamianebi, visTvisac mocemuli problema aqtualuria, maTi megobrebi, ojaxis wevrebi, politikosebi, arasamTavrobo organizaciis TanamSrom-lebi) unda warmoadgendnen? TiToeuli maTgani Tqvens kvlevas gansxvavebul perspeqti-vas SesZens. CamowereT sasurveli respondentebi da moifiqreT, rogor daukavSirdeT maT TanamSromlobisTvis.

3. gadaxedeT sasurvel respondentTa sias da moifiqreT, TiToeuli maTgani Tqvens kvlevas ra saxis gansxvavebul perspeqtivas SesZens.

4. 1,2 da 3 kiTxvebze Tqvens mier gacemuli pasuxebis mixedviT gansazRvreT gasaubrebis formati da kiTxvebi. moemzadeT gasaubrebisTvis saxelmZRvanelo principebis gamo- yenebiT.

5. gadaxedeT Tqvens gegmasa da kiTxvebs. ramdenad dagexmarebaT es saWiro informaciis moZiebasa da miznebis miRwevaSi?

6. rogor CaiwerT gasaubrebis dros miRebul informacias?

44

N6. mTavrobis roli da Tqveni sakvlevi Tema

1. ra konkretuli pasuxismgeblobebi akisria saqarTvelos xelisuflebas Tqvens mier gamovlenili problemis mogvarebis mimarTulebiT?

a) daasaxeleT saqarTvelos konstituciis is aspeqtebi, romlebic Tqvens sakvlev Temasa da xalxis winaSe xelisuflebis Sesabamis movaleobebs ukav-Sirdeba. moiyvaneT konkretuli muxli.

b) daasaxeleT kanonmdebloba, romelic Tqvens mier gamovlenili problemis mosagvareblad xelisuflebis pasuxismgeblobebs gansazRvravs.

2. problemis Sesaxeb ganxorcielebuli kvlevis Sedegebze dayrdnobiT, rogor fiqrobT, arsebobs sakmarisi samarTlebrivi safuZveli xelisuflebis mier mocemuli problemis gadasaWrelad? dadebiTi pasuxis SemTxvevaSi, upasuxeT qvemoT moyvanil kiTxvebs:

a) daasaxeleT konkretuli kanoni an sakonstitucio debuleba

b) rogor fiqrobT, saxelmwifos mier miRebuli zomebis miuxedavad, ratom ver moxerxda problemis aRmofxvra?

3. rogor fiqrobT, damatebiT ra RonisZiebebis gatarebaa saWiro? kiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad SesaZloa damatebiTi kvlevis ganxorcieleba dagWirdeT. Semdeg upasuxeT qvemoT moyvanil kiTxvebs:

a) fiqrobT, rom problema kanonis aRsrulebaSi mdgomareobs? ratom?

b) fiqrobT, rom arsebul kanonmdeblobaSi saWiroa cvlilebebis ganxor-cieleba? ganmarteT. g) fiqrobT, rom axali kanonmdeblobis miRebaa saWiro? Tu ki,ras unda iTvaliswinebdes axali kanonmdebloba?

4. rogor fiqrobT, problemis gadasaWrelad ra unda moimoqmedos saqarTvelos xeli-suflebam?

45

N7. adamianis uflebebi da sakvlevi Tema

1. gadaxedeT sakvlev problemasTan dakavSirebul garemoebebs. ra zians ayenebs is sazogadoebis nawils?

2. gaaanalizeT miyenebuli ziani (ix. kiTxva 1) adamianis uflebebis Sesaxeb miRebuli codnis safuZvelze. CamowereT is adamianis uflebebi (miuTiTeT Sesabamisi kanoni, Se-Tanxmeba Tu konvencia), romelTa darRvevasac Tqveni azriT aqvs adgili (Tu gaarkvevT, rom mocemul SemTxvevaSi adamianis uflebis darRvevas ar aqvs adgili, mesame da meoTxe kiTxvebs SegiZliaT, ar upasuxoT).

3. adamianis uflebebis mocemul darRvevaze reagirebis ra meqanizmebi arsebobs? saTi-Taod CamowereT Sesabamisi adamianis uflebebi da meqanizmebi.

4. Tqvens mier gamovlenili adamianis uflebis darRvevasTan mimarTebiT, am etapze ra saxis Semdgomi reagireba migaCniaT mizanSewonilad?

46

N8. samoqalaqo sazogadoeba da Tqveni sakvlevi problema

romeli sazogadoebrivi organizaciebi muSaoben Tqvens mier gamovlenil problemaze?

qvemoT mocemul cxrilSi CawereT am organizaciebis saxelebi. maT Sesaxeb mopovebuli informaciis safuZvelze SeavseT danarCeni grafebic.

organizaciis dasaxeleba

problemis gadasaWrelad

miRebuli zomebi

ramdenad warmatebiT aRwevs es

organizacia dasaxul miznebs?

Cveni miznebis misaRwevad ramdenad

mizanSewonilia am organizaciasTan

TanamSromloba?

zemoaRniSnul pasuxebsa da kvlevis Sedegebze dayrdnobiT, rogor fiqrobT, ra kon-

kretuli iniciativebis ganxorcieleba SeiZleba samoqalaqo sazogadoebasTan Tanam-

SromlobiT mocemuli problemis gadasaWrelad?

47

N9. calkeuli moqalaqeebis CarTuloba

gadaxedeT samoqalaqo CarTulobis meTodebs da Tqveni sakvlevi Tema am meTodebis WrilSi ganixileT. gaaanalizeT SesaZleblobebi da gansazRvreT, yvelaze ukeT romeli dagexmarebaT miznis miRwevaSi. analizis dros gaiTvaliswineT Semdegi mniSvnelovani sakiTxebi:

- ra gziT SeiZleba mdgradi cvlilebis ganxorcieleba da arsebuli mdgomareobis gaum-jobeseba?

- Tqvens xelT arsebuli resursebis (dro, saxsrebi, adamianuri resursebi) gaTvalis-winebiT, romeli meTodis gamoyeneba migaCniaT yvelaze realurad?

samoqalaqoCarTulobissaxeobebi

rogor gamoviyenoT mocemuli meTodi

sakvlev problemaze reagirebis mizniT?

ra dadebiTi mxareebi aqvs

mocemuli meTodis gamoyenebas?

ra uaryofiTi mxareebi aqvs

mocemuli meTodis gamoyenebas?

jgufSi monawileoba

mimdinare movlenebis Sesaxeb informirebuloba

politikuri iniciativa

ekonomikuri mniSvnelobis

qmedeba

moxaliseoba

meTodis gamoyenebis SesaZleblobebis ganxilvis, misi dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebis

Sefasebis Semdeg gansazRvreT, romeli meTodia TqvenTvis yvelaze Sesaferisi.

48

N10. samoqmedo gegmis SemuSaveba, etapobrivi dagegmva

sanam raimes moimoqmedebdeT, gansazRvreT Tqveni miznebi sakvlev problemasTan mimarTebaSi. problema SesaZloa iyos didi da kompleqsuri. Sesabamisad, erTi samoqmedo gegma ar iqneba sakmarisi am problemis srulad aRmosafxvrelad. amavdroulad, Tqvens mier identificirebuli miznebi mocemuli problemis aspeqt(eb)Tan pirdapir kavSirSi unda iyos.

1. problemis konkretuli aspeqtebis gansazRvris mizniT, pirvel rigSi, CamowereT kvlevis procesSi gamovlenili mniSvnelovani sakiTxebi.

2. gadaxedeT gamovlenil sakiTxebs da moifiqreT, samoqmedo gegmis farglebSi romeli maTganis gaTvaliswineba gsurT.

3. dasaxeT konkretuli miznebi samoqmedo gegmaSi gasaTvaliswinebeli sakiTxebis mixed-viT. es miznebi garkveviT unda asaxavdes cvlilebas, romlis ganxorcielebasac es-wrafviT. rac ufro konkretulia mizani, miT ufro advilia mis misaRwevad Sesabamisi gegmis dasaxva.

4. gadaxedeT 3-6 safexurebis farglebSi Tqvens mier gaweul samuSaoebs. TiToeuli maT-ganis farglebSi moifiqreT konkretuli zomebi mocemuli problemis gadasaWrelad.

- yvelaze ukeT romeli maTgani Seesabameba Tqvens mier dasaxul miznebs (ix. kiTxva mesame)?

- Seicvala Tu ara Tqveni warmodgena gansaxorcielebel zomebTan dakavSirebiT? Tu Seicvala, ganmarteT, rogor?

5. ra resursebi dagWirdebaT Tqvens mier zemoT gansazRvruli (ix. kiTxva meoTxe) qmedebebis gansaxorcieleblad? daakonkreteT saWiro finansuri resursebi, dro da adamianuri resursebi. mniSvnelovania, Tqvens xelT arsebuli resursebi realisturad SeafasoT. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu saWiro resursebi ar aRmogaCndaT, moifiqreT, ra zomebs mimarTavT damatebiTi resursebis mosaZieblad. magaliTad, Semowirulobebis Segrove-ba, arsebul arasamTavrobo organizaciasTan TanamSromloba da Sesabamisad, maTi re-sursebiT sargebloba.

6. gansazRvreT konkretuli, droSi gawerili qmedebebi samoqmedo gegmis gansaxor-cieleblad. magaliTad, gansazRvreT sad da rogor moawyoT xelisuflebis warmomad-genelTan Sexvedra. zogjer xelsayreli SemTxveva moulodnelad Cndeba. dagegmvis procesSi es aucileblad unda gaiTvaliswinoT. winaswar dagegmva saSualebas mogcemT, daufiqrdeT gansaxorcielebel qmedebebs da moaxdinoT maTi organizeba. Tumca gaxsov-deT, rom cvlilebebis Setana samoqmedo gegmis ganxorcielebis procesSic SegeZlebaT.

7. samoqmedo gegmis ganxorcielebis procesSi mniSvnelovania jgufis wevrebs hqondeT ganawilebuli pasuxismgeblobebi da konkretuli davalebebi.

49

N11. samoqmedo gegmis advokatireba

1. pirvel rigSi, gansazRvreT Tqveni samizne auditoria da is, Tu risi miRweva gsurT maTTvis informaciis gaziarebiT. daixmareT qvemoT moyvanili kiTxvebi:

vin aris Tqveni auditoria?

ra mizniT uziarebT informacias auditorias?

ra konkretuli qmedebebis ganxorcielebas iTxovT auditoriisagan?

ramdenad aqtualuria mocemuli problema auditoriisaTvis?

2. winaswar moifiqreT, auditorias konkretulad ra saxis informacia daainteresebs, daixmareT qvemoT moyvanili kiTxvebi:

rogor fiqrobT, auditoriisaTvis ra saxis monacemebi da faqtebia mniSvnelovani?

ra konkretuli magaliTebiT daainteresebT auditorias?

3. gansazRvreT meTodebi auditoriis yuradRebis misapyrobad da Tqveni samoqmedo gegmis sasargeblod maTi mxardaWeris mobilizebisaTvis. daixmareT qvemoT moyvanili kiTxvebi:

auditoriis yuradRebis misapyrobad yvelaze metad ra meTodebi ga-mogadgebaT?

gaqvT Tu ara saWiro resursebi am meTodis praqtikaSi gansaxorcieleb-lad? ra saxis resursebi dagWirdebaT?

4. gansazRvreT rodis, sad da vis gauziarebT informacias. SeadgineT Sesabamisi gegma.

50

N12. miRebuli gamocdilebis Sefaseba

gaixseneT saswavlo kursis dawyebis periodi. ra warmodgena gqondaT demokratiul sistemaSi sazogadoebisaTvis sasikeTo cvlilebebis moxdenasa da am procesSi Tqvens monawileobasTan dakavSirebiT? kursis mimdinareobisas ramdenad Seicvala Tqveni damokidebuleba? ratom? Tu kursis dasawyisSi aRniSnul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT raime konkretuli damokidebuleba ar gagaCndaT, SeafaseT miRebuli gamocdileba da is, Tu ra gavlena iqonia man Tqvenze. daixmareT qvemoT moyvanili kiTxvebi.

1. Seicvala Tqveni warmodgena imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu ra roli gekisrebaT sazoga-doebaSi?

ra mxriv Seicvala? ris safuZvelze Seicvala?Tu ar Secvlila, rogor fiqrobT, ratom?

2. ramdenad Seicvala Tqveni warmodgena sakuTar SesaZleblobebze?

Tqvens TavSi ra dadebiTi Tvisebebi aRmoaCineT? Tqvens TavSi ra Tvisebebi aRmoaCineT, romlis Secvlac gsurT?

3. ra iswavleT sazogadoebisTvis sasikeTo cvlilebis ganxorcielebis procesebTan dakavSirebiT? 4. miRebul gamocdilebas cxovrebaSi rogor gamoiyenebT?

5. damatebiT, daasaxeleT miRebuli gamocdilebis TqvenTvis saintereso aspeqtebi.

51

terminTa ganmarteba

sazogadoebrivi problema: problema, romelic pirdapir an iribad zemoqmedebs pirovne-baze an sazogadoebis wevrebze da iwvevs sirTuleebs.

samoqalaqo monawileoba: sazogadoebaSi cvlilebis moxdenisa da cxovrebis xarisxis gaumjobesebisken mimarTuli saqmianoba, rogorc politikuri ise arapolitikuri pro-cesebis saSualebiT.

peticia: formaluri werilobiTi Txovna. adresats Tanamdebobis piri an organizacia warmoadgens, romelsac am peticiis dakmayofilebis uflebamosileba gaaCnia.

resursebi: informaciis an eqspertuli mosazrebis wyaro, romlis saSualebiTac xdeba mosazrebis gamyareba an informaciis miReba. resursebi SeiZleba iyos bunebrivi an ada-mianis mier Seqmnili.

relevanturoba: raimesTan pirdapir kavSirSi yofna, raimesTvis mniSvnelobis qona.

profesiuli eTika: zneobis normebi profesiaSi.

validacia: dadastureba, rom raime WeSmaritia da swori.

araprofesionali: adamiani, romelsac mocemuli Temis specializebuli an profesiuli codna ar gaaCnia.

epizoduri informacia: informacia, romelic eyrdnoba pirad gamocdilebas da ara faqtebs an kvlevas.

sandooba: is, Tu ramdenad sando an damajerebelia mocemuli informacia.

tendenciuroba: mikerZoebuloba, rac xels uSlis sakiTxis obieqturad ganxilvas.

lobireba: sxvebis, gansakuTrebiT ki sajaro moxeleebis gadawyvetilebaze gavlenis moxdenis mcdeloba, maT Soris sakanonmdeblo procesSi ama Tu im sakanonmdeblo wina-dadebis miRebis mizniT.

advokatireba: raime sakiTxis mxardaWera, rogorc zepiri ise werilobiTi formiT, sazogadoebrivi interesebis dacvis mizniT, sazogadoebisTvis sasargeblo cvlilebebis inicirebisTvis.

mizani: Zalisxmevis Sedegi an miRweuli warmateba, sasurveli saboloo Sedegi.

gadaxra: monacemebis damaxinjeba, arasworad asaxva.

kritikuli damokidebuleba: raimes guldasmiT, zedmiwevniT Sefaseba da gansja.

wyaros dokumentireba: informaciis warmomavlobis miTiTeba.

gamokiTxva: informaciis an monacemebis miReba kiTxvebis safuZvelze, Semdgomi analizis mizniT.

SerCeva populaciidan: populaciis mcire nawili, romelic kvlevis miznebisTvis SeirCa.

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stratifikacia: adamianebis dayofa klasebad an socialur jgufebad.

Ria (swrafi) gamokiTxva: aRricxavs respondentTa xmebsa Tu mosazrebebs.

struqturuli gasaubreba: gasaubrebis winaswar gansazRvruli formati, winaswar momza-debuli kiTxvebiT. respondentebs usvamen erTsa da imave kiTxvebs, erTgvari Tanmimdev-robiT.

arastruqturuli gasaubreba: gasaubreba winaswar gansazRvruli formatis gareSe. Se- saZlebelia ramdenime ZiriTadi kiTxvis winaswar momzadeba. danarCeni kiTxvebis dasma ki xdeba individualurad, gasaubrebis mimdinareobis Sesabamisad.

kodireba: klasifikaciis mizniT kodis miniWeba. socialur mecnierebaTa kvlevis pro-cesSi kodireba gamoiyeneba informaciis analizis mizniT klasificirebisTvis.

daxuruli SekiTxva: SekiTxvis tipi, romelsac Tan axlavs pasuxis SesaZlo varian-tebis sia.

Ria SekiTxva: kiTxvis tipi, romelic ar sTavazobs respondentebs pasuxis SesaZlo vari-antebs. respondentebs SeuZliaT sakuTari Sexedulebisamebr upasuxon kiTxvas.

mizezobrivi kavSiri: rodesac erTi movlena (rezultati) meore movlenis (gamomwvevi mizezi) Sedegad miiCneva, am or movlenas Soris mizezobrivi kavSiri arsebobs.

cvladi aqtori: aqtori, romelic icvlis mniSvnelobas sxvadasxva obieqtis, pirovnebisa Tu jgufis mixedviT (mag. Semosavali an asaki).

samoqalaqo ganatlebis studentis...

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