Sampling during PROSOPE for studying

Picophytoplankton Diversity

Frédéric PARTENSKY, Dominique MARIE and Laurence GARCZAREK

“Océanic Phytoplankton” Research TeamStation Biologique de Roscoff

CNRS et Université Paris 6

La Thalassa

Position of Stations during PROSOPE

Long term stations

Connection by Netscape (not Explorer)

http://www.obs-vlfr.fr/jgofs/html/ prosope/home.htm

Ask Hervé Claustre for password

PROSOPE web site

Measurement Directory name

profiles number

sample number

Submitted Validated Data avail. Responsible

Nitrates nut 27          (12/05/2000)

Raimbault

Nitrites nut 27        (12/05/2000)

Raimbault

Phosphates nut 17          (12/05/2000)

Moutin

Silicates nut 24 Quéguiner

Biogenic silica biosi 19 Quéguiner

Iron iron 1 8 Ridame, Guieu

Alkalinity ak 20 Begovic, Copin

Salinity sal 72 Tailliez

O2 oxy 60 Begovic, Copin

DMS dms 7 70 Belviso

DMSP dms 7 138 Belviso

HIAC hiac 108 Sciandra

Pigments pig 70 18 Ras, Claustre, Marty

Flow Cytometry cyto 100 Marie

Phytoplankton phyto 22 Quéguiner

Ciliates cilates 12 5 Dolan

COP, NOP, POP pom 21 Raimbault

TOC toc 35 337 Sempéré

NOD, POD mod 15 337 Raimbault

Particulate matter Absorption

apm 70 Oubelkheir, Claustre

Sampling during PROSOPE

Flow cytometry

Short term stations : 1 profile 0-200 m & 1 deep profile (virus/bact.)

Long term stations (MIO, DYF) : 1 profile 0-200 m every 3h for 4 days

Sampling for Diversity DNA : pre-filtration on 3µm, filtration 2-5L on Supor 0.45 µm, freezing in DNA/RNA bufferDiversity Prochlorococcus : Filtration 2 L, filter cut in 2 and frozenHPLC : filter 3 µm (Stations 1, 3, 5, 9, MIO, DYF)TEM : 5-6 grids/depth (Stations 1, 3, 5, 9, MIO, DYF)Cultures : 4/depth (2 < 0,6 µm in P2+/-NO3; 2 < 3 µm in K/10 or K/100)

Station UPW : 2 depthsStation 1 : 2 depths (3 & 60 m)Station 3 : 6 depths (5, 25, 55, 80, 95, 110 m)Station 5, MIO, 7, 8, 9, DYF : 5 depthsStation DYF : 5 depths + détail Chl maximum (45, 50, 55, 60 et 65 m)

Sampling for nutrient status (D. Scanlan, A. Post)

UPW, 2, 4, 6, MIO, +/- DYF : 3 depths

Automatic sampler for collecting

samples during transit

Sampler

Electronic control

After Jacquet et al., 1998

Concentration of Picophytoplankton along the nutrient gradient from Station 1 to MIO

Variation of integrated concentrations of picoplankton over the nutrient gradient

Station

1 2 3 4 5 6 MIOCon

centr

ati

on c

ellu

lair

e in

tegré

e (C

ell.cm

-2)

107

108

109

1010

1011

ProcSynEucBact

A Preliminary Study of the Diversity of Natural Populations of Prochlorococcus

Vertical profiles

Unpublished data D. Marie, D. Tailliez, P. Raimbault

Genetic Characterization of Prochlorococcus Strains using

PCR-RFLP with pcb as a Marker GeneF

luor

esce

nce

(R

elat

ive

Un

its)

0

1

400 450 500 550

Wavelength (nm)

Ecotypes LL

SS120

NATL2

Ecotypes HL

TAK9803-2 (HLII)

MED4 (HLI)

DV-Chl a DV-Chl bMED4

SS120TAK9803-2

NATL2

 

after Garczarek et al. (2000) Proceed. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA

M

A Preliminary Study of the Diversity of Natural Populations of Prochlorococcus

PCR-RFLP

M1 5 25 55 80 95 110 M2 5 25 55 65 95 M1 5 30 50 90 150 M2

St. 3 St. 5 St. 6

?

Unpublished dataL. Garczarek, A. Dufresne and F. Partensky 0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,50,60,7

?

5 25 55 80 95 110 5 25 55 65 95 5 30 50 90 150

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8G3 = HL

Génotypes

G4 = LL (deep)

Kb

St. 3 St. 5 St. 6

G5 = LL ? (mid depth)

G2 = HL

A Preliminary Study of the Diversity of Prochlorococcus Interpretation of PCR-RFLP

G1 = HL