samyakdarshan no vishay - 1 no vishay.pdfvii a\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_, op_ ap¥f qpqfÓ l$u a`¡np...
TRANSCRIPT
165
I
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje(hõsy-ìehõ\p krls)
- A`®Z --: D`L$pfu b„^yAp¡_¡ :-
îu _¡rdicpC ip„rsgpg ipl A_¡ îu rls¡_cpC A_„sfpe i¡W$_¡,
|. Ny{$v$¡h îu L$p_Æõhpdu_y„ kprlÐe A_¡ qv$N„bf N°Þ\p¡ D`gå^ L$fphhp bv$g
s\p Adpfp kh£ L$pep£dp„ kh® fus¡ dv$v$ L$f_pf îu f[íd_cpC dp¡l_gpg i¡W$_¡.
""S>¡ Æh fpN-Ü¡jê$` `qfZd¡g lp¡hp„ R>sp„ `Z dpÓiyÙpÐdpdp„ S> (ÖìepÐdpdp„ S> =õhcphdp„ S>) "lz„ `Ï„'(A¡L$Ðh) L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_p¡ S> A_ych L$f¡ R>¡, s¡ S> Æh
kçeÁÖ[óV$ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ S> kçeÁv$i®__u fus R>¡.''
- g¡ML$ -
CA. S>e¡i dp¡l_gpg i¡W$ (bp¡fuhgu),B.Com., F.C.A.
âL$piL : i¥g¡i y_dQ„v$ ipl
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhjeII
* âõsph_p (`„. v¡$h¡ÞÖLy$dpfÆ S>¥_)... ... ... ... ... V
1 g¡ML$_p ùv$ep¡v¹$Npfp¡ ... ... ... ... ... ... 1
2 |h®c|rdL$p ... ... ... ... ... ... 5
3 kçeÁv$i®_ ... ... ... ... ... ... 8
4 Öìe - NyZ ìehõ\p... ... ... ... ... ... 10
5 Öìe - `ep®e ìehõ\p... ... ... ... ... ... 14
6 DÐ`pv$-ìee- °yhê$` ìehõ\p ... ... ... ... ... 16
7 Ö[óV$c¡v$¡ c¡v$ ... ... ... ... ... ... 17
8 `„QpÝepeu `|hp®^®_u hõsyìehõ\p v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡ ... ... ... 19
9 kçeÁv$i®__y„ õhê$` ... ... ... ... ... ... 45
10 kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje A\p®s¹ Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje ... ... ... ... 49
11 `„QpÝepeu `|hp®^®_u Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡ ... ... ... 52
12 ApÐdop_ê$` õhpÐdp_yc|rs `fp¡n L¡$ âÐen ... ... ... ... 56
13 õhpÐdp_yc|rs ApÐdp_p ¼ep âv$¡i¡ ... ... ... ... ... 57
14 C[ÞÖeop_ op_ _\u? ... ... ... ... ... 58
15 `ep®e `fd`pqfZprdL$cph_u S> b_¡g R>¡ ... ... ... ... 60
16 õhcph`ep®e A_¡ rhcph`ep®e ... ... ... ... ... 64
17 _h sÒh_u kpQu îÙp_y„ õhê$` ... ... ... ... ... 65
18 kçeÁv$i®__y„ gnZ ... ... ... ... ... ... 70
19 kçeÁÖ[óV$_¡ cp¡N b„^_y„ L$pfZ _\u ... ... ... ... 72
20 r_rdÑ-D`pv$p__u õ`ôsp ... ... ... ... ... 74
21 D`ep¡N A_¡ g[å^ê$` kçeÁv$i®_ ... ... ... ... ... 75
22 õhp_yc|rs hNf_u îÙp ... ... ... ... ... 76
23 kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh_p¡ r_rh®rQqL$ÐkpNyZ... ... ... ... ... 78
24 kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡_u ep¡Áesp ... ... ... ... ... 79
25 iycp¡`ep¡N r_S>®fp_y„ L$pfZ _\u ... ... ... ... ... 80
26 kçeÁv$i®_ rh_p Öìe QpqfÓ ... ... ... ... ... 82
- A_y¾$drZL$p -
¾$d rhje ©›$
III
© CA. S>e¡i dp¡l_gpg i¡W$ d|ëe : Ad|ëe
`l¡gu Aph©rÑ - rh.k„. 2070 (a¡b°yApfu 2014) âs : 1,000
_p¢^- Ap `yõsL$ L$p¡C_¡ R>`phhy„ lp¡e sp¡, Adpfp¡ k„`L®$ L$fhp rh_„rs R¡$.
- k„`L®$ A_¡ âp[às õ\p_ -
i¥g¡i y_dQ„v$ ipl - 402, `pqfÅs, õhpdu kd\® dpN®,
(l_ydp_ ¾$p¡k fp¡@ _„ 2), rhg¡ pg¡£ (CõV$), dy„bC - 400057.
a$p¡_ _„ 2613 3048 dp¡bpCg _„ 98924 36799/73032 81334
S>eL$mp _rg_ Np„ u - A¡/303, Np¡ pg, A¡k. hu. fp¡@,dp_hL$ëepZ_u bpSy>dp„, v$rlkf (CõV$), dy„bC - 400 068.a$p¡_ _„ 2895 2530 dp¡bpCg _„ 98336 77447 / 98219 52530
S¶⁄˙~ ÆPS¶]>U : ÆE]T ~⁄TP´ - Aæ¶#PS¶]‘ ~P∏fl ÆPS¶Æ› _⁄P– H 98690 08907
EÒÔa : A–fP∞ ~⁄TP´ - ~⁄TÆ A~˚ØS˶Æ, U⁄PTPU⁄E, EÒ˜·˙ _⁄P– H 99691 76432
27 õh-`f rhje_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fhphpmp¡ `Z ApÐdop_u lp¡e ... ... ... 83
28 âhQ_kpf A_ykpf kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje ... ... ... ... 85
29 r_edkpf A_ykpf kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje ... ... ... ... 87
30 Ýep_ rhi¡ ... ... ... ... ... ... 90
31 kp^L$_¡ kgpl ... ... ... ... ... ... 92
32 r_edkpf A_ykpf Ýep_ A_¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje ... ... ... 97
33 `„Qp[õsL$pe k„N°l_u Np\pAp¡ ... ... ... ... ... 115
34 Aô`plyX$_u Np\pAp¡ ... ... ... ... ... ... 116
35 kçeÁv$i®_ A_¡ dp¡ndpN® ... ... ... ... ... 119
36 kdekpf A_ykpf kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje ... ... ... ... 121
37 kdekpf_p Ar^L$pfp¡_y„ rhl„Nphgp¡L$_ ... ... ... ... 138
38 kdekpf_p `qfriôdp„\u A_¡L$p„s_y„ õhê$` ... ... ... ... 153
39 bpf cph_p ... ... ... ... ... ... 158
40 tQs_ L$rZL$pAp¡ ... ... ... ... ... ... 160
A_y¾$drZL$p
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhjeIV
- A_ydp¡v$L$ -
S>eL$mp _rg_ Np„^u
V
âõsph_p
Bk A_pqv$ k„kpf d¢ A_Þs Æh r_S> ApÐdõhê$` L$u `rlQp_ A¡h„ A_yc|rs L¡$
Acph d¢ A_pqv$ k¡ S>Þd-dfZ L$fs¡ lze¡ A_Þs vy$:Mu lp¡ fl¡ l¦. Æhp¢ L¡$ A_Þs vy$:Mp¢
L$p A¡L$dpÓ L$pfZ `fÖìep¢ Ah„ `fcphp¢ d¢ A¡L$ÐhbyqÙê$` rdÕepÐh cph lu l¥. Bku sÕe
L$p¡ ApQpe®L$ë` `„qX$s V$p¡X$fdgÆ _¡ Bk iåv$p¢ d¢ ìe¼s qL$ep l¥-
"Bg ^dVé H$m _yb BH$ OmZhÿ {_Ï`m^md'
(dp¡ndpN® âL$piL$, AÝepe 7, d„NgpQfZ)
A_pqv$L$pgu_ Bk rh`fusdpÞespê$` rdÕepÐhcph L$u `y[óV$ Ly$v¡$h-Ly$Ny{$-Ly$ipõÓ L¡$
r_rdÑ k¡ lp¡su l¥ Ap¥f Æh A`_u rh`fus dpÞesp L$p¡ AÐeÞs ×Y$ L$f g¡sp l¥. Bk L$pfZ
k„kpf- `qfc°dZ L¡$ Acph L¡$ dpN® k¡ AÐeÞs v|$f lp¡ Åsp l¥. el rdÕepÐh lu l¥ rS>kL¡$
L$pfZ Æh r_Np¡v$ S>¥ku lu_sd v$ip L$p¡ âpàs lp¡L$f AÐeÞs vy$:Mu lp¡sp l¥. elu L$pfZ l¥
qL$ kç`|Z® rS>_pNd d¢ rdÕepÐh -- rdÕepv$i®_-rdÕepop_-rdÕepQpqfÓ L$p¡ A¡L$ õhf d¢
`p` k„op v$u Neu l¥. L$fZp_yep¡N d¢ sp¡ rdÕepÖ[óV$> Æh L$p¡ "`p`Æh' L$l L$f kçbp¡r^s
qL$ep Nep l¥.
Bk rdÕepv$i®_ê$` `qfZpd L¡$ fls¡ lzA¡ L$v$prQs¹ el Æh _p¥h¢ N°¥h¡eL$ Å_¡ep¡Áe
dlpiyc`qfZpd cu L$f g¡, sp¡ cu k„kpf-`qfc°dZ L$p Acph _l] lp¡sp Ap¥f _ A_Þs
L$óV$p¢ L$p lu AÞs lp¡sp l¥. BkurgA¡ L$lp l¥ qL$-
_w{Zd«V Yma AZÝV ~ma J«rdH$ D$nOm`mo
n¡ {ZO AmV_kmZ {~Zm gwI boe Z nm`mo &
(R>lY$pgp, Qp¥\u Y$pg)
`„qX$s V$p¡X$fdgÆ _¡ sp¡ A`_u gp¡L$râe L©$rs dp¡ndpN® âL$piL$ d¢ rdÕepÐh L$p¡ kàs
ìek_pqv$ k¡ bX$p `p` L$lp l¥. D_L$p L$\_ Bk âL$pf l¥-
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhjeVI
"rS>_ ^d® d¢ el sp¡ Apç_pe l¥ qL$ `lg¡ bX$p `p` Ry>X$pL$f qaf R>p¡V$p `p` Ry>X$pep
l¥; BkrgA¡ Bk rdÕepÐh L$p¡ kàs ìehk_pqv$L$ k¡ bX$p `p` Å_L$f `lg¡ Ry>X$pep l¥. BkrgA¡
Å¡ `p` L¡$ ag k¡ X$fs¡ l¦; A`_¡ ApÐdp L$p¡ vy$:MkdyÖ d¢ _l] Xy$bp_p Qpls¡, h¡ Æh Bk
rdÕepÐh L$p¡ Ahíe R>p¡X$p¡.' (R>W$hp„ AÝepe)
BkL$p L$pfZ el l¥ qL$ kàs ìek_ê$` `p` QpqfrÓL$ `p` l¥, rS>kL¡$ ag d¢ kpsh¢
_fL$ sL$ L$u [õ\rs sp¡ lp¡ kL$su l¥, qL$Þsy kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$ rge¡ Ar_hpe® ep¡Áespê$` k„ou
`„Q¡[ÞÖe`_p BÐepqv$ L$p Acph _l] lp¡sp; As: L$p¡C-L$p¡C Æh kàsd _fL$ L$u cujZ
ârsL|$gsp d¢ cu õhê$`gÿe L$fL¡$ kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$f g¡s¡ l¦. S>bqL$ rdÕepv$i®_ L¡$ agõhê$`
âpàs r_Np¡v$v$ip d¢ sp¡ hl ep¡Áesp v$uO®L$pg sL$ Acphê$` lp¡ Åsu l¥.
v|$kfp L$pfZ el cu l¥ qL$ tlkpqv$ ep kàs ìek_pqv$ `p` ^pfphpluê$` k¡ L$p¡C Æh
_l] L$f kL$sp; kp\ lu Dk `p`u Æh L$p¡ ev$pL$v$p A`_¡ vy$óL©$Ðe L$p `òpsp` cu lp¡sp flsp
l¥ A¡h„ A¡k¡ `p`u L$p¡ S>Ns L¡$ Æh cu l¡eÖ[óV$> k¡ v¡$Ms¡ l¦. S>bqL$ rdÕepv$i®_pqv$ê$` dlp`p`
`qfZpd ^pfphpluê$` k¡ âhs®dp_ fls¡ l¦; B_ `p`p¢ L$u rhÛdp_sp fl_¡ `f cu, bpü
h°s, s`pqv$ L$fL¡$ hl Æh õhe„ L$p¡ sp¡ ^dp®Ðdp dp_sp lu l¥; S>Ns d¢ AÞe Æh cu Dk¡
^dp®Ðdp L$u k„op k¡ kçbp¡^_ L$fs¡ l¦, agõhê$` Dk¡ "d¦ L$p¡C `p` L$f flp lw„' el rhQpf
lu Dk¡ Dv¹$crhs _l] lp¡sp.
elu L$pfZ l¥ qL$ husfpNu `fdpÐdp L$u qv$ìeÝhr_ k¡ g¡L$f kdõs cphtgNu kÞsp¢
A¡h„ op_u-^dp®ÐdpAp¢ L$u `fç`fp d¢ kh® â\d rdÕepv$i®_ L$p Acph L$fL¡$ kçeÁv$i®_ A„NuL$pf
L$f_¡ L$p D`v¡$i r_óL$pfZ L${$Zp k¡ âhprls lzAp l¥.
kçeÁv$i®_ L$u DÐL©$óV$sp L$p hZ®_ L$fs¡ lzA¡ ApQpe® Ly$Þv$Ly$Þv$v¡$h _¡ AóV$`plzX$ d¢ v„$kZ
d|gp¡ ^çdp¡ (v$i®_`plzX$, Np\p-2) L$lL$f kçeÁv$i®_ L$p¡ ^d® L$p d|g L$lp l¥. Bku âL$pf
fÐ_L$fÎX$ îphL$pQpf Np\p 31 d¢ L$lp l¥ qL$-
Xe©Z kmZMm[aÌmËgm{Y_mZ_wnmíZwVo &
Xe©Z§ H$U©Yma§ VÝ_moj_mJ} àMjVo &&31&&
VII
A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_, op_ Ap¥f QpqfÓ L$u A`¡np Ar^L$ l¥; Bk L$pfZ kçeÁv$i®_,
dp¡ndpN® d¢ L$Z®^pf L$lgpsp l¥.
ApQpe® Ly$Þv$Ly$Þv$v¡$h L$ls¡ l¦ qL$-
Oh _ybpå_ {dUÆ>o Xþ_ñg n[adma UpËW nadS²>T>r &
Vh {OUX§gU^Æ>m _yb{dUÆ>m U {gÁP§{V &&10&&
rS>k âL$pf buS> L¡$ rb_p h©n L$u DÐ`rÑ [õ\rs, h©qÙ Ap¥f agp¡Ð`rÑ _l] lp¡su
Dku âL$pf kçe¼Ðh L¡$ rb_p kçeÁop_ Ap¥f kçeL¹$QpqfÓ L$u DÐ`rs [õ\rs, h©qÙ Ap¥f
agp¡Ð`rÑ _l] lp¡ kL$su.
ApQpe® ep¡NuÞÖ v¡$h _¡ cu L$lp l¥ qL$-
X§gU y{_h ~m{ham {O` d`éŠI U hm|{V &
A\p®s¹ l¡ Æh! Bk kçeÁv$i®_ c|rd L¡$ rb_p h°sê$` h©n _l] lp¡sp. BkrgA¡ â\d
kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$f_p QprlA¡. (ep¡NuÞÖ v¡$h L©$s îphL$pQpf)
kçeÁv$i®_ L$u DÐL©$óV$sp L$p hZ®_ L$fs¡ lzA¡ ApQpe® kdÞscÖv¡$h sp¡ dp¡lu dyr_ k¡
r_dp£lu N©lõ\ L$p¡ cu î¡óW$ L$ls¡ l¦. D_L$p el L$\_ Bk âL$pf l¥-
J¥hñWmo _moj_mJ©ñWmo {Z_m}hmo Z¡d _mohdmZ² &AZJmamo J¥hr lo`mZ² {Z_m}hmo _mo{hZmo _wZo… &&33&&
(fÐ_L$fÎX$ îphL$pQpf)
A\p®s¹ v$i®_dp¡lfrls N©lõ\ dp¡ndpN® d¢ [õ\s l¥ qL$Þsy v$i®_dp¡lkrls rdÕepÖ[óV$>
ÖìetgNu dyr_, dp¡ndpN® d¢ [õ\s _l] l¥. BkurgA¡ rdÕepÖ[óV$> dyr_ L$u A ¡np rdÕepÐhfrls
N©lõ\ î¡óW$ l¥.
ApQpe®v¡$h sp¡ elp sL$ L$ls¡ l¦ qL$-
Z gå`H$Ëdg_§ {H$§{MV Ì¡H$më o {ÌOJË`{n &
lo`mo@lo`íM {_Ï`mËdg_§ ZmÝ`ÎmZy^¥Vm_² &&34&&
(fÐ_pL$fÎX$ îphL$pQpf)
âõsph_p
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhjeVIII
A\p®s¹ su_ L$pg Ap¥f su_ gp¡L$ d¢ v¡$l^pfu Æhp¢ L$p¡ kçe¼Ðh L¡$ kdp_ L$p¡C AÞe
î¡óW$ê$`-D`L$pfL$ _l] l¥ Ap¥f rdÕepÐh L¡$ kdp_ AÞe L$p¡C AL$ëepZL$pf-A_y`L$pfL$ _l]
l¥.
Bku âL$pf L$p cph `„qX$s v$p¥gsfpdÆ _¡ A`_u kyrh¿eps L©$rs R>lY$pgp d¢ ìe¼s
qL$ep l¥-
_moj_hb H$s naW_ grT>r, `m {~Z kmZ M[aÌmŸ&
gå`H²$Vm Z bh¡, gmo Xe©Z Ymamo ^ì` n{dÌmŸ&&(T>mb 3-17)
VrZ bmoH$ {Vhþ§H$mb _m§{h Zqh, Xe©Z gm¡ gwIH$marŸ&
gH$b Ya_ H$mo _yb `hr, Bg {~Z H$aZr XwIH$marŸ&&(3-17)
kçeÁv$i®_ L$u dlÑp bsgps¡ lzA¡ ApQpe® Ly$Þv$Ly$Þv$v¡$h sp¡ elp„ sL$ L$ls¡ l¦ qL$-
qH$ ~hþUm ^{UEU§ Oo {gÕm Uadam JE H$mboŸ&
{gpÁPh{h Oo {d ^{d`m V§ OmUh gå__mhßn§Ÿ&&88Ÿ&&
Vo YÊUm gwH$`ËWm Vo gwam Vo {d n§{S>`m _Uw mŸ&
gå_Îm§ {g{Õ`a§ {g{dUo {d U _B{b § OoqhŸ&&89Ÿ&& (_mojnmhþ‹S>)
A\p®s¹ ApQpe® L$ls¡ l¦ qL$ blzs L$l_¡ k¡ ¼ep kpÝe l¥? Å¡ _fâ^p_ Aqss L$pg
d¢ rkÙ lzA¡ l¦ Ap¥f ApNpdu L$pg d¢ rkÙ lp¢N¡ hl kçe¼Ðh L$p dplpÐçe Å_p¡.
rS>_ `y{$jp¢ _¡ dy[¼s L$p¡ L$f_¡hpg¡ kçe¼Ðh L$p¡ õhà_phõ\p d¢ cu drg_ _l] qL$ep,
AqsQpf _l] gNpep h¡ `y{$j ^Þe l¦, h¡ lu d_yóe l¦, h¡ lu cg¡ L©$sp\® l¦, h¡ lu i|fhuf
l¦, h¡ `„qX$s l¥.
dy[¼sdpN® d¢ kçeÁv$i®_ L$u dlÐh |Z® c|rdL$p L$u QQp® L$fs¡ lzA¡ ApÐdrls-Arcgpju
Æhp¢ L$p¡ kh® â\d Bk¡ A„NuL$pf L$f_¡ L¡$ D`v¡$i cu rS>_pNd d¢ eÓ-sÓ v¡$M¡ Å kL$s¡ l¦.
ApQpe® Ad©sQÞÖv¡$h y{$jp\®rkqÙ D`pe d¢ L$ls¡ l¦ qL$-
VÌmXm¡ gå`ŠËd§ g_wnml`Ur`_{Ib`ËZoZŸ&
V[ñ_Z² gË`od `Vmo ^d{V kmZ§ M[a̧ MŸ&&21Ÿ&&
IX
A\p®s¹ B_ su_p¢ d¢ â\d kdõs âL$pf kph^p_sp`|h®L$ eÐ_ k¡ kçeÁv$i®_ L$p¡ cg¡
âL$pf A„NuL$pf L$f_p QprlA¡ ¼ep¢qL$ DkL¡$ lp¡_¡ `f lu kçeÁop_ Ap¥f kçeL¹$QpqfÓ lp¡sp
l¥.
Bk Np\p L$u V$uL$p L$fs¡ lzA¡ ApQpe®L$ë` `„qX$s V$p¡X$fdgÆ sp¡ elp„ sL$ L$ls¡ l¦ qL$-
VÌ AmXm¡ A{Ib`ËZoZ gå`ŠËd§ g_wnml`Ur`_²Ÿ& B_ su_p¢ d¢ â\d lu kdõs
D`pep¢ k¡, rS>k âL$pf cu b_ kL¡$ h¥k¡, kçeÁv$i®_ A„NuL$pf L$f_p QprlA¡. BkL¡$ âpàs
lp¡_¡ `f Ahíe lu dp¡n`v$ âpàs lp¡sp l¥. Ap¥f BkL¡$ rb_p kh®\p dp¡n _l] lp¡sp. el
õhê$` L$u âp[às L$p AqÜsue L$pfZ l¥. As: BkL¡$ A„NuL$pf L$f_¡ d¢ qL„$rQs¹ dpÓ cu âdpv$
_l] L$f_p. d©Ðey L$p hfZ L$fL¡$ cu Bk¡ âpàs L$f_¡ L$p âeÐ_ Ahíe L$f_p. blzs L$lp„
sL$ L$l¢? Bk Æh L¡$ cgp lp¡_¡ L$p D`pe kçeÁv$i®_ kdp_ AÞe L$p¡C _l]. BkrgA¡
Dk¡ Ahíe A„NuL$pf L$f_p.
kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$ rb_p k„ed L$u DÐ`rÑ lu kçch _l] l¥- Bk Arcâpe L$p `p¡jL$,
^hgp V$uL$pL$pf ApQpe® hufk¡_õhpdu L$p r_ç_ Arcâpe d__ue l¥-
{_Ï`mÑîQ>`mo@{n Ho${MËg§ Vm Ñí`ÝV B{V MoÞ, gå`ŠËd_ÝVaoU g§ _mZwnnÎmoŸ…Ÿ&
i„L$p- qL$s_¡ lu rdÕepÖ[óV$> Æh k„es v¡$M¡ Ås¡ l¦?
kdp^p_- _l], ¼ep¢qL$, kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$ rb_p k„ed L$u DÐ`rÑ _l] lp¡ kL$su l¥.
(jV¹$MÎX$pNd `yõsL$-1, MÎX$-1- cpN-1, `©óW$ 380)
kçeÁv$i®_ k¡ frls Æh cg¡ lu h°s-s` k¡ k„ey¼s lp¡ s\pr` hl `p`u l¥; Bk
âL$pf L$p r_ç_ Dëg¡M cu ÖóV$ìe l¥-
...h°s krdrs L$p `pg_ cg¡ lu L$f¡, s\pr` õh-`f L$p op_ _ lp¡_¡ k¡ hl `p`u
lu l¥... rkÙpÞs d¢ rdÕepÐh L$p¡ lu `p` L$lp l¥, S>b sL$ rdÕepÐh flsp l¥ sb sL$ iycpiyc
kh® q¾$epAp¢ L$p¡ AÝepÐd d¢ `fdp\®s: `p` lu L$lp Åsp l¥.
(kdekpf L$gi 137 L$p cphp\®)
âõsph_p
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhjeX
kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$ kçbÞ^ d¢ ApQpe® kL$gL$urs® Üpfp frQs âí_p¡Ñf îphL$pfQpf L¡$ r_ç_
L$\_ cu d__ue l¥-
u h°s-QpqfÓfrls s\p rhi¡j op_frls AL¡$gp kçe¼Ðh cu AÃR>p l¥- âi„k_ue l¥,
`fÞsy rdÕepÐhê$`u S>lf k¡ rbNX¡$ lzA¡ h°s-op_pqv$, h¡ AÃR>¡ _l] l¦.
u kçe¼Ðhfrls Æh hpõsh d¢ `iy kdp_ l¥; S>ÞdpÞ^ L$u sfl hl ^d®-A^d® L$p¡ _l]
Å_sp l¥.
u vy$:Mp¢ k¡ cf`|f _fL$ d¢ cu kçe¼Ðhkrls Æh ip¡csp l¥; Dkk¡ frls Æh, v¡$hgp¡L$
d¢ cu ip¡csp _l] l¥, ¼ep¢qL$ hl _fL$ L$p Æh sp¡ kpfc|s kçe¼Ðh L¡$ dplpÐçe L¡$
L$pfZ hlp„ k¡ r_L$gL$f gp¡L$pgp¡L$ âL$piL$ su\®_p\ lp¡Np Ap¥f rdÕepÐh L¡$ L$pfZ cp¡N
d¢ sÞde Dk v¡$h L$p Æh, Aps®Ýep_ k¡ dfL$f õ\phfep¡r_ d¢ Åe¡Np.
u su_ L$pg Ap¥f su_ gp¡L$ d¢ kçe¼Ðh L¡$ kdp_ ^d® v|$kfp L$p¡C _l]; S>Ns d¢ hl Æh
`fdrlsL$f l¥.
u kçe¼Ðh L¡$ Arsqf¼s v|$kfp Æh L$p L$p¡C rdÓ _l] l¥, v|$kfp L$p¡C ^d® _l] l¥, v|$kfp
L$p¡C kpf _l] l¥, v|$kfp L$p¡C rls _l] l¥, v|$kfp L$p¡C r`sp-dpsp Apqv$ õhS>_ _l]
Ap¥f v|$kfp L$p¡C kyM _l]. rdÓ-^d®-kpf-rls-õhS>_-kyM, el kb kçe¼Ðh d¢
kdprls l¥.
u kçe¼Ðh k¡ Ag„L©$s v¡$l cu v¡$hp¢ Üpfp `|Äe l¥ `fÞsy kçe¼Ðhfrls ÐepNu cu `v$-
`v$ `f r_Þv$_ue l¥.
u A¡L$ bpf kçe¼Ðh L$p¡ AÞsdy®lws®dpÓ cu N°lZ L$fL¡$, L$v$prQs Æh Dk¡ R>p¡X$ cu v¡$ sp¡
cu r_ròs hl Aë` L$pg d¢ (`y_: kçe¼Ðhpqv$ N°lZ L$fL¡$) dy[¼s âpàs L$f¡Np.
u rS>k cìe L$p¡ kçe¼Ðh l¥, DkL¡$ lp\ d¢ rQÞspdrZ l¥, DkL¡$ Of d¢ L$ë`h©n Ap¥f
L$pd^¡_y l¥.
u Åh¡ Æh, tlkp R>p¡X$L$f, h_ d¢ ÅL$f AL¡$gp bksp l¥ Ap¥f kv$}-Nd} kl_ L$fsp l¥
`fÞsy eqv$ kçeÁv$i®_frls l¥ sp¡ h_ L¡$ h©n S>¥kp l¥.
XI
u kçe¼Ðh L¡$ bg k¡ Å¡ L$d® klS> d¢ _óV$ lp¡s¡ l¦, h¡ L$d® kçe¼Ðh L¡$ rb_p Op¡f s`
k¡ cu _óV$ _l] lp¡s¡.
u dyr_ L¡$ h°skrls, kh®k„Nfrls, v¡$hp¢ k¡ `|Äe A¥kp r_N°®Þ\ rS>_ê$` cu kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$
rb_p ip¡cp _l] v¡$sp. (hl sp¡ âpZfrls kyÞv$f ifuf S>¥kp l¥).
u S>¥k¡ âpZfrls ifuf L$p¡ d©sL$ L$lp Åsp l¥; Dku âL$pf Ö[óV$>lu_ Æh L$p¡ Qgsp
d©sL$ L$lp Åsp l¥.
u Ar^L$ ¼ep L$l_p? S>Ns d¢ rS>s_¡ kyM l¦, h¡ kb khp£ÐL©$óV$ê$` k¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$> L$p¡ âpàs
lp¡s¡ l¦.
u EVV² g_`gd©ñd_² EVV² {gÕmÝVOr{dV_²Ÿ&
EVV² _mojJVo… ~rO§ gå`ŠËd§ {d{Õ VÎdV…Ÿ&&
rhr^`|h®L$ D`prks qL$ep Nep el kçe¼Ðh, hl kde L$p kh®õh l¥- kh® ipõÓp¢ L$p
kpf l¥, hl rkÙpÞs L$p Æh_ l¥- âpZ l¥ Ap¥f hlu dp¡nNrs L$p buS> l¥.
u gå`ŠËd h¡ dh gma h¡, h¡ g_` H$m gd©ñd dhŸ&
{gÕmÝV H$m OrdZ dhr Am¡a _moj H$m h¡ ~rO dhŸ&
{d{Y OmZH$a ~hþ_mZ go AmamYZm gå`ŠËd H$moŸ&
gd© gm¡»` Eogo nmAmoJo AmíM`© hmoJm OJV H$moŸ&&
Alp¡! el kçeÁv$i®_ l¥, hl dp¡nag v¡$_¡hpgp kÃQp L$ë`h©n l¥. rS>_hf-hQ_ L$u îÙp
DkL$p d|g l¥; sÒhîÙp DkL$u ipMp l¥. kdõs NyZ L$u DÄhgsp ê$` S>g tkQ_ Üpfp
Å¡ h^®dp_ l¥, QpqfÓ rS>kL$u ipMpe¢ l¦; kh® krdrs, h¡ DkL¡$ `Ó-`yó` l¦ Ap¥f
dp¡nkyMê$`u ag Üpfp Å¡ ag-ayg flp l¥- A¡kp kçeÁv$i®_ khp¡Ñd L$ë`h©n l¥. Alp¡
Æhp¢! DkL$p k¡h_ L$fp¡. (DkL$u d^yf R>pep g¡_¡hpgp cu dlpcpÁehp_ l¥).
(îu âï_p¡Ñf îphL$pQpf, kN®-11 L$u Qer_s Np\pA¡)
rS>_pNd d¢ kçeÁv$i®_ k¡ c°óV$ L$p¡ lu c°óV$ dp_p Nep l¥ A¡h„ Dk¡ dy[¼s L¡$ rge¡
Aep¡Áe L$lp Nep l¥. ApQpe® Ly$Þv$Ly$Þv$ L$p el L$\_ Bk kçbÞ^ d¢ A_yâ¡nZue l¥-
âõsph_p
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhjeXII
X§gU^Æ>m ^Æ>m X§gU^Æ>>ñg UpËW {UìdmU§Ÿ&...
A\p®s Å¡ `y{$j v$i®_ k¡ c°óV$ l¦ h¡ c°óV$ l¥; Å¡ v$i®_ k¡ c°óV$ l¦ D_L$p¡ r_hp®Z _l]
lp¡sp... (AóV$`plzX$-v$i®_`plzX$, Np\p-4)
kçeÁÖ[óV$> Æh L$p vy$N®rs Nd_ _l] lp¡sp s\p Aiyccph L¡$ L$pg d¢ ApNpdu ch
kçbÞ^u Apey L$p bÞ^ _l] lp¡sp el cu kçe¼Ðh L$p ApíQe®L$pfu âcph Å__p QprlA¡.
(ep¡Npkpf, 88; R>lY$pgp, sukfu Y$pgp; ^hgp Apqv$)
kçeÁv$i®_ L$u drldp L$p hZ®_ L$fs¡ lzA¡ A¡k¡ ^dp®Ðdp L$p¡ v¡$hp¢ Üpfp âi„k_ue/ |S>_ue
bsgp_¡hpg¡ L$\_ cu rS>_pNd d¢ D`gå^ lp¡s¡ l¦. (R>lY$pgp, fÐ_L$fÎX$ îphLpQpf)
Bk âL$pf kç`|Z® rS>_pNd d¢ rdÕepÐh L$u ce„L$fsp Ap¥f kçeÁv$i®_ L$u DÐL©$óV$sp
L¡$ A_¡L$p¢ âdpZ dp¥S|>v$ l¦, rS>Þl¢ elp„ rhõspf ce k¡ _l] qv$ep Å flp l¥. rS>opky `pW$L$p¢
L$p¡ Bk kçbÞ^ d¢ ApÐdrls L¡$ gÿe k¡ rS>_pNd L$p Nçcufsp`|h®L$ AÝee_ L$f_¡ L$p rh_d°
A_yfp¡^ l¥.
op_u ^dp®ÐdpAp¢ L$u Bku `fç`fp d¢ hs®dp_ ispåv$u d¢ ApÝepqÐdL$ kÞs `|Äe
Ny{$v¡$hîu L$p_Æõhpdu L¡$ `¥„spguk hjp¤ sL$ Bk rhje `f A_hfs âhQ_^pfp blpL$f el
rhje AÐeÞs QrQ®s L$f qv$ep l¥.
`|Äe Ny{$v¡$hîu Üpfp Dv¹$OpqV$s husfpNu kÞsp¢ L¡$ lpv®$ L$p¡ kdS>L$f L$C Æh ApÐdrls
L¡$ kyMv$dpN® L$p¡ âpàs lzA¡, sp¡ L$C Æh Dk dpN® L$p¡ âpàs L$f_¡ l¡sy âepkfs cu lp¡ fl¡
l¦, qL$Þsy D_L¡$ ìep¿ep_p¢ A¡h„ ârs`pv$_ L$u A`¡npAp¢ L$p¡ khp¯Nuê$` k¡ _ kdS> `p_¡ L¡$
L$pfZ A¡h„ A`_¡ vy$fpN°lp¢ L$p¡ kyfrns fM_¡ L¡$ ìepdp¡l k¡ A_¡L$ gp¡N D_L¡$ hQ_p¢ L$p¡ sp¡X$-
dfp¡X$L$f A\hp Ap^¡-A^|f¡ âõsys L$f A`_¡ Aop_ L$u kyfnp L¡$ rgA¡ L$hQ L$u sfl âep¡N
L$f fl¡ l¦. el cu A¡L$ rhX$çb_p lu l¥ qL$ Å¡ dpN® ApÐdrls L$p `\âv$i®L$ l¥, Dku L$p¡ Aop_u
A`_¡ Aop_ L$u `y[óV$ d¢ r_rdÑ b_p g¡sp l¥.
S>¥k¡ qL$- Öìe-NyZ-`ep®eõhê$` hõsy d¢ kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$ âep¡S>_ k¡ `ep®e L$p¡ Np¥Z
L$fL¡$ rÓL$pgu Öìeõhcph d¢ d¦ `_p L$fpep Åsp l¥, hlp„ Öìe Ap¥f `ep®e L$p¡ v$p¡ rcß `v$p\p¤
XIII
L$u sfl kdS> g¡_p `v$p\® rh`ep®k l¥ A¡h„ Öìe`ep®eõhê$` c¡v$pc¡v$pÐdL$ A\hp r_Ðe-
Ar_ÐepÐdL$ hõsy d¢ d¦ `_p cu õ`óV$ê$` k¡ rdÕepv$i®_ l¥. spÐ`e® el l¥ qL$ âdpZ L¡$ Üpfp
N©lus r_Ðe-Ar_ÐepÐdL$ A\hp c¡v$pc¡v$pÐdL$ hõsy d¢ kçeÁv$i®_ê$` âep¡S>_ L$u rkqÙ L¡$
rgA¡ Ar_Ðe `ep®e A\hp c¡v$cphp¢ L$p¡ Np¥Z L$fs¡ lu iyÙÖìepr\®L$_e A\hp `fdiyÙr_òe_e
L¡$ rhjec|s `fdpqfZprdL$ cphõhê$` hõsy d¢ d¦ `_p lp¡L$f kçeÁv$i®_ L$u D`g[å^ lp¡ Åsu
l¥. As: Öìe-NyZ-`ep®eõhê$` hõsyõhcph L$u kduQu_ kdS> |h®L$ âep¡S>_ L$u rkqÙ lu
r_fp`v$ dpN® l¥.
BÞl] D`ey®¼s L$pfZp¡ k¡ ìer\s lp¡L$f dy„bC r_hpku cpCîu S>e¡icpC_¡ "Ö[óV$ L$p
rhje' _pdL$ `yõsL$ ApNd L¡$ Apgp¡L$ d¢ âõsys L$f âi„k_ue L$pe® qL$ep l¥. elp„ Bk âõsph_p
d¢ "Ö[óV$ L$p rhje' L¡$ k„v$c® d¢ rhQpfZue rbÞvy$Ap¡ `f QQp® L$u Å flu l¥.
eÛr` Ö[óV$> iåv$ A_¡L$ A\p¤ d¢ âey¼s lp¡sp l¥, s\pr` elp„ Ö[óV$> A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_
A¡h„ DkL$p rhje A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ L$p rhje/kçeÁv$i®_ L$p A\® "d¦ `_p' A\hp "Al„'
lp¡sp l¥. As: qL$kd¢ "Al„' ep "d¦ `_¡' L$p¡ kçeÁv$i®_ L$ls¡ l¦- elu Ö[óV$> L$p rhje l¥.
ApQpe® Ly$Þv$Ly$Þv$v¡$h _¡ sp¡ A¡L$ lu Np\p d¢ kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$ rhje L$p kpfc|s õ`óV$uL$fZ
L$fs¡ lzA¡ L$lp l¥-
gå`H²$ gXwe©Z kmZ Vn g_^md gå`H²$ AmMaUŸ&
g~ AmV_m H$s AdñWmE± AmV_m hr h¡ eaUŸ&&3Ÿ&&
(AóV$`plzX$, dp¡n`plzX$, Np\p 105 L$p rlÞv$u `Ûp_yhpv$)
Bk Np\p d¢ hrZ®s "ApÐdp lu ifZ' el l¥ Ö[óV$> L$p rhjec|s Ó¥L$prgL$ ^°yhsÒh,
rS>kL¡$ Apîe/d¦ `_p k¡ fÐ_Óe L$u âp[às lp¡su l¥.
Ab elp„ âõsys `yõsL$ d¢ hrZ®s rhrcß rbÞvy$Ap„¡ `f k„rnàs QQp® A`¡rns l¥
Å¡ r_ç_p_ykpf l¥-
kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$ rge¡ AphíeL$ ¼ep?
kçeÁv$i®_ A¡h„ DkL$u drldp L¡$ `qfop_ L¡$ `ïQps¹ el âï_ klS> lu DÐ`ß lp¡_¡
ep¡Áe l¥ qL$ kçeÁv$i®_ L$u âp[às L¡$ rge¡ ¼ep AphíeL$ l¥?
âõsph_p
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhjeXIV
BkL$p kdp^p_ L$fs¡ lzA¡ g¡ML$ _¡ L$lp l¥ qL$ kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$ rgA¡ Ar_hpe® l¥ c¡v$op_.
ApÐdp Ap¥f `yv¹$Ng s\p `yv¹$Ng L¡$ gÿe k¡ DÐ`ß rhL$pfu cphp¢ k¡ c¡v$op_ kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$
rge¡ rS>s_p Ar_hpe® l¥; Ds_u Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e L$u kdS> _l]. lp„, Bs_p Ahíe l¥ qL$
eqv$ Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e L¡$ kçbÞ^ d¢ rh`fus Ah^pfZp l¥ sp¡ r_ròs lu hl kçeÁv$i®_
L¡$ rgA¡ Ahfp¡^L$ L$pfZ l¥. hf_p õh-`f L$u rcßspê$` c¡v$op_ k¡ cu kçeÁv$i®_ê$`u L$pe®
lp¡ kL$sp l¥.
Bku bps L$p¡ ApQpe®v¡$h _¡ kdekpf d¢ Bk âL$pf L$lp l¥-
"^oX{dkmZ {OgH$m _yb h¡- Eogr AZw^y{V CËnÞ hmoJr, V~ AmË_m à{V~wÕ hmoJmŸ&'
(kdekpf, Np\p 19 V$uL$p)
sÐ`ïQps¹ AârsbyÙ L$p¡ kdS>p_¡ L¡$ Dv¹$v¡$íe k¡ rgMu Neu 23-25 Np\pAp¢ d¢ Bku
c¡v$rhop_ L$u QQp® L$u l¥, Å¡ d|gs: `W$_ue l¥.
ApQpe® `|Äe`pv$õhpdu sp¡ L$ls¡ l¦ qL$-
Ord OwXm nwX²Jb OwXm `hr VÎd H$m gmaŸ&
AÝ` Hw$N> ì`m»`mZ g~ `mhr H$m {dñVmaŸ&&50Ÿ&&
(BóV$p¡ v¡$i)
spÐ`e® el l¥ qL$ eqv$ Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e L$u rhõs©s kdS> _ lp¡; A¡h„ Dk kÞv$c®
d¢ Arcâpe L$u rh`fussp _ lp¡ sp¡ õh-`f c¡v$rhop_ L$fL¡$ cu kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs qL$ep Å
kL$sp l¥.
hs®dp_ õhpÝepeu hN® d¢ Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e L¡$ kçbÞ^ d¢ âQrgs A_¡L$ c°p[Þsep¢
L¡$ ânpg_ L$p kag âepk g¡ML$ Üpfp rS>_pNpd L¡$ `qfâ¡ÿe d¢ (1) Öìe-NyZ ìehõ\p (2)
Öìe-`ep®e ìehõ\p (3) DÐ`pv$-ìee- °p¥ìeê$` ìehõ\p _pdL$ âL$fZ d¢ qL$ep Nep l¥,
rS>kL$p kpfc|s spÐ`e® g¡ML$ L¡$ lu iåv$p¢ d¢ Bk âL$pf l¥-
A¡L$ AM„X$ Öìe d¢ flu lzC A_Þs rhi¡jspAp¢ L$p¡ Dk Öìe L¡$ A_Þsp_Þs
NyZp¢ L¡$ ê$` d¢ hZ®_ qL$ep l¥, bsgpep l¥. D_ kh® rhi¡jspAp¢ L¡$ kd|l L$p¡ Öìe
XV
(hõsy) ê$` k¡ bsgpep l¥. hl hõsy (Öìe) sp¡ Ac¡v$-A¡L$ lu l¥ `fÞsy DkL$u rhi¡jspAp¢
L$p¡ v$ip®_¡ L¡$ rgA¡ lu Dkd¢ NyZc¡v$ qL$e¡ l¦, AÞe\p hlp„ L$p¡C n¡Óc¡v$ê$` NyZc¡v$
l¥ _l]... Bkk¡ Dk¡ L$\„rQs¹ c¡v$-Ac¡v$ê$` bsgpep l¥... hlp„ hõsy d¢ L$p¡C hpõsrhL$
c¡v$ _l] l¥ Bk A`¡np k¡ Ac¡v$ lu L$lp Åsp l¥. Ac¡v$_e L$p¡ lu L$pe®L$pfu bsgpep
l¥ Ap¥f c¡v$_e dpÓ hõsy L$p õhê$` kdS>p_¡ L¡$ rge¡ L$lp Nep c¡v$ê$` ìehlpfdpÓ
lu l¥, ¼ep¢qL$ r_òe k¡ hõsy Ac¡v$ l¥. s\p
NyZp¢ L¡$ kd|lê$` Ac¡v$ Öìe L$p Å¡ hs®dp_ l¥ A\p®s¹ DkL$u Å¡ hs®dp_ Ahõ\p
l¥ (`qfZd_ l¥) Dk¡ lu Dk Öìe L$u `ep®e L$lp Åsp l¥. Ap¥f Dk Ac¡v$ `ep®e
d¢ lu rhi¡jspAp¢ L$u A`¡np k¡ A\p®s¹ NyZp¢ L$u A`¡np k¡ Dkd¢ (Ac¡v$ `ep®e d¢)
lu c¡v$ L$fL¡$ Dk¡ NyZp¢ L$u `ep®e L$lp Åsp l¥. Bk L$pfZ L$lp Å kL$sp l¥ qL$ rS>s_p
n¡Ó Öìe L$p l¥, hl Ap¥f Ds_p lu n¡Ó NyZp¢ L$p l¥ s\p hl Ap¥f Ds_p lu n¡Ó
`ep®e L$p l¥, BkurgA¡ Öìe-`ep®e L$p¡ ìepàe-ìep`L$ kçbÞ^ L$lp Åsp l¥.
rS>_pNd d¢ D`gå^ `ep®e L¡$ âv¡$ic¡v$ kçbÞ^u L$\_ `f g¡ML$_¡ õhe„ âï_p¡Ñf DW$pL$f
Å¡ õ`óV$uL$fZ qL$ep l¥, hl Bk âL$pf l¥.
elp„ qL$ku L$p¡ âï_ lp¡sp l¥ qL$ sp¡ Öìe Ap¥f `ep®e L¡$ âv$¡i rcß l¦- A¡kp
qL$k âL$pf L$lp Å kL$sp l¥.
DÑf- c¡v$ rhhnp d¢ S>b A¡L$ Ac¡v$-AM„X$ Öìe d¢ c¡v$ DÐ`ß L$fL¡$ kdÅep
Åsp l¥, sb Öìe Ap¥f `ep®e, A¡k¡ hõsy L¡$ "v$p¡ cphp¢' L$p¡ õhQsyóV$e L$u A`¡np k¡
A¡kp L$lp Å kL$sp l¥ qL$ v$p¡_p¢ L¡$ âv¡$i rcß l¦ `fÞsy hpõsh d¢ hlp„ Ly$R> rcßsp
lu _l] l¥.
Bk âL$pf Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e L$u A\p®s¹ hõsy ìehõ\p L$u klu kdS> Ar_hpe® l¥.
kçeÁv$i®_ L$p õhê$` A¡h„ rhje:-
hs®dp_ dydynyhN® d¢ el rhje "Ö[óV$> L$p rhje' L¡$ ê$` d¢ blzQrQ®s l¥. |Äe Ny{$v¡$hîu
L$p_Æõhpdu L$u kprsie hpZu d¢ Bk dlp_ kÐe L$p Dv¹OpV$_ Bk `„Qd L$pg L$u Apòe®L$pfu
âõsph_p
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhjeXVI
OV$_p l¥; Bkd¢ r_ròs lu L$p¡C kÞv¡$l _l] l¥; s\pr` el cu L$d Apòe® _l] l¥ qL$ Ny{$v¡$hîu
L¡$ Üpfp AÐeÞs õ`óV$ê$` k¡ A¡h„ rS>_pNd L¡$ Apgp¡L$ d¢ õhp_ych`|h®L$ ârs`pqv$s Bk rhje
L¡$ ârs c°pÞs ^pfZpe¢ cu L$d _l] l¥. `|h® d¢ L$r\s Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e Apqv$ rhjep¢ d¢ Öìe-
`ep®e A\hp Öìe-NyZ ê$` v$p¡ cphp¢ L$p¡ v$p¡ cpN kdS> g¡_¡ L$u c|g A¡h„ Np¥Zsp L$p¡ kh®\p
kdS> g¡_¡ L$u dlp_ c|g L$p ce„L$f `qfZpd el lzAp qL$ Ö[óV$> L¡$ rhje L$u D`fp¡¼s-Arcâpe
`|h®L$ L$u kdS> A¡h„ QQp®-hpsp® k¡ Ö[óV$> L$p rhje Ö[óV$> d¢ Apep lu _l]. BkrgA¡ g¡ML$
_¡ rS>_pNd L¡$ Apgp¡L$ d¢ Bk rhje L$p Å¡ õ`óV$uL$fZ qL$ep, Dk¡ ApÐdrls L¡$ gÿe k¡
rhQpfZue l¥.
D¼s kç`|Z® rhje L$p kpfc|s spÐ`e® Bk âL$pf l¥-
c¡v$op_ k¡ (âopR>¥_u k¡) A\p®s¹ Æh Ap¥f `yv¹$Ng L¡$ buQ c¡v$op_ k¡ A\p®s¹
Æh L¡$ gnZ k¡ Æh L$p¡ N°lZ L$f_p Ap¥f `yv¹$Ng L¡$ gnZ k¡ `yv¹$Ng L$p¡ Ap¥f qaf
D_d¢ âopê$`u R>¥_u k¡ c¡v$op_ L$f_¡ k¡ iyÙpÐdp âNV$ lp¡sp l¥, hl Bk âL$pf L$u
â\d sp¡ âNV$ d¢ ApÐdp L¡$ gnZ k¡ A\p®s¹ op_ê$` v¡$M_¡-Å__¡ L¡$ gnZ k¡ ApÐdp
L$p¡ N°lZ L$fs¡ lu `yv¹$NgdpÓ L¡$ kp\ c¡v$op_ lp¡ Åsp l¥ Ap¥f qaf Dkk¡ ApN¡ bY$_¡
`f Æh L¡$ Å¡ Qpf cph l¦ A\p®s¹ Dv$ecph, D`idcph, nep¡ idcph, Ap¥f
npreL$cph-e¡ Qpf cph L$d® L$u A`¡np k¡ L$l¡ l¦ Ap¥f L$d® `yv¹$Ngê$` lu lp¡s¡ l¦ BkrgA¡
B_ Qpf cphp¢ L$p¡ cu yv¹$Ng L¡$ Mps¡ d¢ X$pgL$f, âopê$`u byqÙ k¡ A\p®s¹ B_ Qpf
cphp¢ L$p¡ Æh d¢ k¡ "Np¥Z' L$fs¡ lu Å¡ Æh cph i¡j flsp l¥, Dk¡ lu
`fd`pqfZprdL$cph, iyÙpÐdp...., õhcphcph, klS> op_ê$`u kpd°pÄe, iyÙ
Q¥sÞecph...., L$pfZ kdekpf, L$pfZ `fdpÐdp, r_ÐeiyÙ r_f„S>_ op_õhê$`, v$i®_-
op_-QpqfÓê$` `qfZdsp A¡kp, Q¥sÞe kpdpÞeê$`, Q¥sÞe A_yrh^peu `qfZpdê$`,
klS> NyZdrZ L$u Mp_, kçeÁv$i®_ L$p rhje (Ö[óV$> L$p rhje) BÐepqv$ A_¡L$ _pdp¢
k¡ `lQp_p Åsp l¥ Ap¥f DkL¡$ A_ych k¡ lu r_òe kçeÁv$i®_ L$lp Åsp l¥... c¡v$op_
L$u rh^u A¡ku l¥ qL$ rS>kd¢ Æh L¡$ Qpf cphp¢ L$p¡ Np¥Z qL$ep Ap¥f Å¡ iyÙpÐd ÆhÐh
lprS>f lzAp Bk A ¡np k¡ Dk¡ L$p¡C "`ep®efrls Öìe hl Ö[óV$> L$p rhje l¥' A¡kp
XVII
cu L$ls¡ l¦ A\p®s¹ Öìe d¢ k¡ Ly$R> r_Lpg_¡ L$p lu _l] l¥, dpÓ rhcphcphp¢ L$p¡
lu Np¥Z L$f_p l¥ Ap¥f Bku A`¡np k¡ L$p¡C L$ls¡ l¦ qL$ hs®dp_ `ep®e L¡$ Arsqf¼s
`|fp Öìe hl Ö[óV$> L$p rhje l¥- L$\_ L$p¡C cu lp¡ `fÞsy ìehõ\p sp¡ elp„ bsgpeu
sv¹$_ykpf lu l¥ A\p®s¹ Np¥Z L$f_¡ L$u Ap¥f dy¿e L$f_¡ L$u lu l¥.
iyÙ Öìepr\®L$_e L$p rhje l¥ hlu D`pv$¡eê$` iyÙpÐdp l¥ Ap¥f hlu kçeÁv$i®_
L$p rhje l¥. BkurgA¡ A\p®s¹ c¡v$op_ L$fp_¡ Ap¥f iyÙpÐdp L$p A_ych L$fp_¡ L¡$ rgA¡
lu r_edkpf Ap¥f kdekpf S>¥k¡ ApÝep[ÐdL$ ipõÓp¢ d¢ Dku L$u drldp Npeu l¥...
D_ ipõÓp¢ d¢ âdpZ L¡$ rhjeê$` ApÐdp k¡ rS>s_¡ cph yv¹$Ngprîs l¦ A\p®s¹ rS>s_¡
cph L$dp®rîs (L$d® L$u A ¡np fM_¡hpg¡) l¦ B_ cphp¢ L$p¡ `fcphê$` k¡ hZ®_ qL$ep
l¥ A\p®s¹ DÞl¢ õhp„Nê$` cphp¢ L¡$ ê$` d¢ hZ®_ qL$ep l¥ qL$ Å¡ cph l¡e l¦ A\p®s¹
"d¦ _p' L$f_¡ep¡Áe _l] l¦.
kçe¼Ðh-`|h® L$u cphc|rd-
eÛr` kçeÁv$i®_ ApÐdp L$u iyÙpÐdp_yc|rs`|h®L$ L$u âsursê$` iyÙv$ip l¥, rS>kL¡$ rge¡
Ar_hpe®ê$` c|rdL$p sÒhrhQpf A¡h„ c¡v$op_ l¥; s\pr` rS>k Æh L$p¡ kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$f_¡
L$u Arcgpjp l¥, cph_p l¥, DkL¡$ fpN L$u qv$ip cu L$p¡C AgN `°L$pf L$u lp¡su l¥. cg¡ lu
Acu kçe¼Ðh L$u âp[às _l] lzC l¥, s\pr` kçe¼Ðh-âp[às L$u cphc|rd d¢ kdpNs Æh
L$p¡, kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$ rge¡ A_yL|$g r_rdÑê$` husfpNu v¡$h-ipõÓ-Ny{$ L¡$ kp\-kp\ v¡$i_pg[å^
âv$psp op_u ^dp®Ðdp L¡$ ârs cu `fdpÐdpsyëe A`®Zsp L$p `qfZpd Dv¹$crhs lp¡sp l¥;
hlu `qfZpd kçeÁv$i®_ lp¡_¡ `f D_L$u kduQu_ `rlQp_ |h®L$ kçeL¹$ A\hp ìehlpf
kçeÁv$i®_ _pd âpàs L$fsp l¥.
Bku âL$pf dÛ, dp„k, d^y L$p k¡h_ A¡h„ fprÓcp¡S>_ S>¥k¡ suh° fpN L$u N©Ùsp L¡$
`qfZpd cu Dk c|rdL$p d¢ kçch _l] l¥. eÛr` h°sê$` fprÓcp¡S>_pqv$ (L©$s-L$pqfs-
A_ydp¡v$_p A¡h„ d_-hQ_-L$peê$` _hL$p¡qV$ k¡ ÐepNê$`) h°s ârsdp A¡h„ fprÓcp¡S>_ ÐepN
ârsdp d¢ lp¡sp l¥; s\pr` S>¥_ Ly$gpQpf L¡$ ê$` d¢ cu rS>_L$p k¡h_ r_rjÙ l¥- A¡kp ÐepN
sp¡ kçe¼Ðh L$u âp[às L¡$ rge¡ DÐL$[ÎW$s Æh L$p¡ lp¡ lu Åsp l¥, ¼ep¢qL$ DkL$u cphc|rd
âõsph_p
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhjeXVIII
Bs_u L$p¡dg _ lp¡ sp¡ L$W$p¡f cphc|rd d¢ sÒhrhQpf lu kçch _l] l¥. A¡h„ sÒhrhQpf
L¡$ rb_p kçeÁv$i®_ L$p¡ AhL$pi L$lp„?
Bk kçbÞ^ d¢ el sL®$ DW$pep Åsp l¥ qL$ dlphuf cNhp_ L¡$ Æh L$p¡ i¡f L$u `ep®e
d¢ dp„k cnZ L$fs¡ lzA¡ A¡h„ A„S>_ Qp¡f S>¥k¡ `p`u L$p¡ cu kçeÁv$i®_ lp¡ Nep \p, sb
ld `f lu e¡ ârsbÞ^ ¼ep¢?
BkL$p ku^p kdp^p_ el l¥ qL$ cpC! i¡f L$u `ep®e d¢ kçeÁv$i®_ k¡ `|h® Dk Æh
L$u rhiyÙsp L$u ^pfp L$p `qfop_ L$f_p AÐeÞs AphíeL$ l¥, S>b Dk_¡ v$p¡ dyr_fpÅ¢ L$p¡
ApL$pidpN® k¡ A`_u Ap¡f Aps¡ v¡$Mp sp¡ V$L$V$L$u gNpL$f D_L$u Ap¡f v¡$Msp flp, hl] k¡
DkL¡$ `qfZpdp¢ d¢ rhiyÙsp L$u ^pfp âpfçc lzC, kp\ lu el cu Dëg¡M_ue l¥ qL$ dyr_fpÅ¢
L¡$ D`v¡$i A¡h„ A`_¡ õhkÞdyM `y{$jp\® k¡ kçeÁv$i®_ S>¥ku gp¡L$p¡Ñf D`g[å^ lp¡ Å_¡ L¡$
`òps¹ Dk tkl L¡$ Æh _¡ ApÆh_ cp¡S>_ L$p `qfÐepN L$f qv$ep ¼ep¢qL$ tkl S>¥ku `ep®e
d¢ dp„kplpf lu DkL$p MpÛ lp¡sp l¥. Bk Ap¡f ldpfp Ýep_ ¼ep¢ _l] Åsp?
Bku sfl A„S>_ Qp¡f L$p¡ A`_¡ Æh_ d¢ â\d bpf lu sÒhop_ L$u D`g[å^ L$p
Ahkf âpàs lzAp Ap¥f Dk_¡ sÐnZ DkL$p kvy$`ep¡N L$fL¡$ õhgÿdu `y{$jp\® k¡ L$ë`s{$
kçeÁv$i®_ L$p¡ âpàs L$f rgep. ld sp¡ sÒhop_ L$p îhZ-d__-AÝee_-rQÞsh_ L$f_¡hpg¡
lp¡L$f cu A„S>_ Qp¡f L¡$ Dv$plfZ L$p¡ A`_u õhÃR>Þv$sp L¡$ rgA¡ L$hQ L¡$ ê$` d¢ âep¡N L$f
fl¡ l¦. ld¢ A„S>_ Qp¡f L¡$ Aârsls `y{$jp\® L$u drldp Ap_¡ L¡$ bÅe DkL¡$ Æh_ k¡ el
N°lZ L$f_¡ L$p cph Aph¡ qL$ A„S>_ Qp¡f S>¥kp ìe[¼s cu S>b kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$f kL$sp
l¥ sp¡ ld cu `|f¡ Æh_ A_urs, AÞepe A¡h„ A_pQpf S>¥k¡ vy$Ny®Zp¢ k¡ rgàs flL$f AÞs
d¢ kçe¼Ðh âpàs L$f g¢N¡ sp¡ el ldpfp qv$hpõhà_ lu kdS>_p QprlA¡, ¼ep¢qL$ ld_¡ A_pQpfp¢
L$p¡ rS>_hpZu L¡$ R>g k¡ `p¡jZ qL$ep l¥ Å¡ ldpfu dp_rkL$ [õ\rs L$p¡ rQrÓs L$fsp l¥- A¡ku
Ly$qV$g cphc|rd d¢ S>b sÒhrhQpf L$p cu Ahkf _l] l¥ sb kçe¼Ðh L$u âp[às sp¡ L$lp„
kçch l¥.
kçe¼Ðh L¡$ rge¡ Ar_hpe® cphrhiyqÙ L$u QQp® cu âõsys `yõsL$ d¢ L$u Neu l¥. rS>k¡
kcu kp^d}S>_p¢ L$p¡ Æh_ d¢ A`_p_¡ ep¡Áe l¥.
XIX
hs®dp_ qv$Nçbf S>¥_ dydyny kdpS> d¢ âQrgs Bk Ö[óV$> L¡$ rhje k¡ kçb[Þ^s `ep®às
âd¡e ApÐdp\}S>_p¢ L$p¡ Bk `yõsL$ d¢ klS>ê$` k¡ D`gå^ lp¡ flp l¥ rS>k¡ A¡L$dpÓ ApÐdrls
L$u Ö[óV$> k¡ bpfçbpf rhQpf L$fL¡$ ApÐdL$ëepZ L¡$ dpN® d¢ ApN¡ bY$_p QprlA¡.
Bk dlÐh`|Z® L©$rs L$p g¡M_, hs®dp_ d¢ âQrgs A_¡L$ c°pdL$ ^pfZAp¢ L¡$ kçeL¹$
r_fpL$fZ L$u `rhÓ cph_p k¡, rS>_pNd L¡$ Apgp¡L$ d¢ îudp_¹ S>e¡icpC i¡W$, dyçbC_¡ qL$ep
l¥; Å¡ D_L¡$ AÞsf„N d¢ ìepàs rS>_ipk_ L$u c[¼s L$p¡ DÅNf L$fsp l¥. eqv$ ApÐdp\}S>_
Bk¡ ApÐdrls L$u Ö[óV$> k¡ AÝee_ L$f¢N¡ sp¡ DÞl¢ A_¡L$ kdp^p_ klS> lu Bk A¡L$ L©$rs
d¢ âpàs lp¡ ÅA¢N¡. r_ròs lu îu S>e¡icpC L$u el Mp¡S>`|Z® L©$rs dydyny S>Ns L¡$ rgA¡
A¡L$ A¡kp D`lpf l¥, rS>kL¡$ Apgp¡L$ d¢ `fd`|Äe husfpNu kÞsp¢ A¡h„ `|Äe Ny{$v¡$hîu L¡$
ùv$e L$p dd® kdÅ Å kL$sp l¥. âÐe¡L$ ApÐdp\} BkL$p AÝee_ L$f Ahíe gpc g¡-A¡kp
rh_d° A_yfp¡^ l¥.
Bk cph`|Z® g¡M_ L¡$ rgA¡ cpCîu S>e¡icpC i¡W$, dyçbC âi„kp L¡$ `pÓ l¦ A¡h„
Bk L$pe® d¢ dlÒh`|Z® ep¡Nv$p_ L¡$ rgA¡ cpCîu i¥g¡jcpC L¡$ ep¡Nv$p_ L$p¡ cu _l] _L$pfp Å
kL$sp. BÞl] L¡$ ks¹âeÐ_p¢ k¡ el âd¡e Ap` sL$ `lz„Q flp l¥. Bk `yõsL$ d¢ âõsph_p L¡$
rgA¡ D¼s v$p¡_p¢ kp^rd®ep¢ _¡ dyT¡ Ahkf âv$p_ qL$ep Bk L$pfZ dyT¡ cu Bk rhje `f NlfpC
k¡ AÝee_-d__ A¡h„ rQÞsh_ L$p Ahkf klS> lu D`gå^ lzAp sv$\® Apcpfu lw„.
kcu kp^d} Bk `yõsL$ L$p cf`|f gpc g¡„N¡-Bku cph_p L¡$ kp\.
rbÅ¥rgep„
rS>gp cughpX$p (fpS>.) - v¡$h¡ÞÖLy$dpf S>¥_
âõsph_p
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhjeXX
1
± îu dlphufpe _d:
1
g¡ML$_p ùv$ep¡v¹$Npfp¡
„Q `fd¡[óW$cNh„sp¡_¡ _dõL$pf L$fu_¡ ip÷ A_¡ õhp_yc|rs_p Ap^pf¡ blyS>_ rlspe,
blyS>_ kyMpe kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$ S>¡ dp¡ndpN®_p¡ v$fhpÅ¡ R>¡ s¡_p¡ rhje (Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje) A\p®s¹ i¡_u
cph_p cphhp\u kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$¡ s¡ A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡ tQs_-d___p¡ rhje A_¡ s¡_p
õ`róV$L$fZ dpV$¡ ÖìeNyZ`ep®ede ks¹ ê$` hõsy L¡$ S>¡ DÐ`pv$-ìee- °yh ê$` `Z R>¡ s¡ A_¡ Ýep_ L¡$
S>¡ L¡$hmop_, L¡$hmv$i®_ A_¡ dyr¼s_y„ L$pfZ R>¡ s¡_p rhi¡ rhi¡j õ`óV$uL$fZ krls kdÅhhp_p¡
âepk Ad¡ Ap yõsL$dp„ L$f¡g R>¡. Ap L$pmdp„ Öìep_yep¡N, S>¥_ ^d®dp„ Np¥Z \C Ne¡g r_òe_e_y„
dlÐh A_¡ Ö[óV$_p rhje S>¡hp„ k|ÿd rhje D`f âL$pi `p\f_pfp A¡hp |Äe Ny{$v$¡h îu
L$p_Æõhpdu_p¡ kh£S>_p¡ D`f bly dp¡V$p¡ D`L$pf R>¡.
d_¡ _p_u Jdf\u S> kÐe_u ip¡ lsu A_¡ s¡_¡ dpV$¡ kh® v$i®__p¡ Aæepk L$ep£ A_¡ A„s¡
S>¥_ v$i®__p Aæepk `òps 1999dp„ 38 hj®_u Jdf¡ d_¡ kÐe_u âp[às \C A\p®s¹ s¡_p¡ A_ych/
kpnpÐL$pf \ep¡. sv$¹ òps S>¥_ ip÷p¡_p¡ y_: y_: õhpÝepe L$fsp„ A_¡L$ hMs kÐe_p¡ A\p®s¹
iyÙpÐdp_p¡ A_ych \ep¡ L¡$ S>¡_u fus Ap yõsL$dp„ ip÷p¡_p Ap^pf kl kh£S>_p¡_p gpcp\£ Ap`hp_p¡
âeÐ_ L$f¡g R>¡.
v$f¡L$ S>¥_ k„âv$pedp„ kçeÁv$i®_ rhi¡_p sp¡ A_¡L$ yõsL$p¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡dp„ kçeÁv$i®__p âL$pfp¡,
kçeÁv$i®__p c¡v$p¡, `p„Q g[å^Ap¡, kçeÁv$i®__p `p„Q gnZp¡, kçeÁv$i®__p ApW$ A„Np¡, kçeÁv$i®__p
25 dm, hN¡f¡ rhjep¡ D`f rhõspf\u hZ®_ R>¡ `f„sy s¡dp„ kçeÁv$i®__p rhje rhi¡_u QQp® bly S>
Ap¡R>u Å¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ s¡\u Ad¡ s¡_p D`f âõsys yõsL$dp„ \p¡X$p¡ âL$pi `p\fhp_p¡ âepk L$f¡g R>¡.
Ad¡ L$p¡C`Z ds- „\dp„ _\u Ad¡ dpÓ ApÐdpdp„ R>uA¡ A\p®s¹ dpÓ ApÐd^d®dp„ S>
R>uA¡ s¡\u L$fu_¡ AÓ¡ Ad¡ L$p¡C`Z ds- „\_y„ d„X$_ A\hp M„X$_ _ L$fsp„ dpÓ ApÐdp\£ S>¡
D`ep¡Nu R>¡ s¡ S> Ap`hp_u L$p¡rii L$f¡g R>¡, dpV$¡ kh£S>_p¡A¡ s¡_¡ s¡ S> A ¡npA¡ kdS>hy„ A¡hu
Adpfu rh_„su R>¡.
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje2
Ad¡ Ap yõsL$dp„ S>¡ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡, s¡ ip÷_p Ap^pf¡ A_¡ A_ychu_¡ S>Zph¡g R>¡; R>sp„
`Z L$p¡C_¡ Adpfu hps sf„Nê$` gpNsu lp¡e, sp¡ s¡Ap¡A¡ Ap yõsL$dp„ S>Zph¡g rhje_¡ L$p¡C`Z ip÷
kp\¡ d¡mhu Å¡hp¡ A\hp sp¡ `p¡s¡ A_ychu_¡ âdpZ L$fu Å¡hp¡, Ap b¡ rkhpe AÞe L$p¡C `funZ_u
fus _\u. L$p¡C `p¡sp_u ^pfZp _¡ A_yL|$m _ lp¡hp\u Ad_¡ sf„N dp_¡, sp¡ A¡dp„ Adp{„$ L$p„C _yL$kp_
_\u L$pfZ L¡$ s¡_p\u Adpfp Ap_„v$_u cfsudp„ L$p¡C`Z DZ` Aphhp_u _\u, `f„sy _yL$kp_ sp¡ dpÓ
sf„N dp_hphpmp_y„ S> \hp_y„ R>¡. R>sp„ Ap`_¡ A¡hy„ gpNsy„ lp¡e L¡$ Ap ¡ ^pfu fpM¡g R>¡ s¡ S> kpQy„ R>¡,
sp¡ Ap`_¡ Adp¡ L$luA¡ R>uA¡ L¡$- Ap` Ap`_u ^pfZp A_ykpf ApÐdp_yc|rs L$fu gp¡! sp¡ bly kfk,
A_¡ Å¡ Ap` Ap`_u ^pfZp A_ykpf hjp£ ky u âeÐ_ L$ep® bpv$ `Z, cphcpk_ (sÒh_p¡ r_Z®e)
ky u `Z _ `lp¢Ãep lp¡, A_¡ sÒh_u QQp® A_¡ hpv$-rhhpv$ S> L$fsp„ füp„ lp¡, sp¡ Ap`, Ap yõsL$dp„
Ad¡ v$ip®h¡g rhje `f S>~f rhQpf L$fÅ¡; Å¡ Ap` rhQpf L$fip¡ sp¡ sÒh_p¡ r_Z®e sp¡ AQ|L$ S> \i¡
A¡hp¡ Ad_¡ rhïhpk R>¡, dpV$¡ Ap yõsL$dp„ S>¡ rhje S>Zph¡g R>¡ s¡_p D`f kh£_¡ rhQpf L$fhp Adpfu
rh_„su R>¡. Ad¡ L$p¡C hpv$-rhhpv$dp„ `X$hp dp„Nsp _\u, dpV$¡ S>¡_¡ Ap hps _ kdÅe A\hp _ S>Q¡
s¡Ap¡ Adp¡_¡ dpa L$f¡, rdÃR>prd v$y½$X„$!
Ap L$pmdp„ S>¥_ kdpS> b¡ rhcpNdp„ hl¢QpB Ne¡g R>¡; S>¡dp„\u A¡L$ rhcpN A¡hp¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡
dpÓ ìehlpf _e_¡ S> dpÞe L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ dpÓ s¡_¡ S> âp^pÞe Ap ¡ R>¡ A_¡ dpÓ s¡_p\u S> dp¡n dp_¡
R>¡, Äepf¡ buÅ¡ rhcpN A¡hp¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ dpÓ r_òe _e_¡ S> dpÞe L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ dpÓ s¡_¡ S> âp^pÞe
Ap ¡ R>¡ A_¡ dpÓ s¡_p\u S> dp¡n dp_¡ R>¡. `f„sy Mf¡Mfp¡ dp¡ndpN® r_òe-ìehlpf_u ep¡Áe k„r^dp„
S> R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ hps dpÓ L$p¡CL$ rhfgp S> ÅZ¡ R>¡; S>¡d L¡$ y{$jp\®rkrÙ-D`pe Np\p 8dp„ `Z L$üy„
R>¡ L¡$- ""S>¡ Æh ìehlpf_e A_¡ r_òe_e_¡ hõsyõhê$` hX¡$ e\p\® Z¡ ÅZu_¡ dÝeõ\ \pe R>¡
A\p®s¹ r_òe_e A_¡ ìehlpf_e_p `n`psfrls \pe R>¡ s¡ S> rióe D`v$¡i_p k„ |Z® am_¡ `pd¡
R>¡ (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ `pdu_¡ dp¡n d¡mh¡ R>¡).''
Äepf¡ kp„âsL$pm¡ (hs®dp_ L$pm¡) dp¡V$p cpN_p¡ S>¥_ kdpS> ìehlpf _e_¡ S> âp^pÞe Ap ¡
R>¡ A_¡ r_òe _e_u Op¡f AhNZ_p L$f¡ R>¡ A\hp rhfp¡ L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡\u L$fu s¡hp¡ kdpS> ÅÎe¡-
AÅÎe¡ `Z A¡L$p„sdsê$` `qfZd¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_¡ cNhp_¡ `pM„X$u_p¡ ds S>Zph¡g R>¡ A_¡ S>¥_ kdpS>_p¡
buÅ¡ hN® L¡$ S>¡ r_òe _e_¡ S> âp^pÞe Ap ¡ R>¡ A_¡ ìehlpf _e_u Op¡f AhNZ_p L$f¡ R>¡ A\hp
rhfp¡ L$f¡ R>¡, s¡ kdpS> `Z ÅÎe¡-AÅÎe¡ A¡L$p„sdsê$` `qfZd¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_¡ `Z cNhp_¡ `pM„X$u_p¡
ds S> S>Zph¡g R>¡. Ad¡ Ap yõsL$dp„ r_òe-ìehlpf_u ep¡Áe k„r^ kdÅhhp_p¡ âpdprZL$ âeÐ_
L$f¡g R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_¡ kh® S>¥_ kdpS> ep¡Áe fus¡ kdÆ_¡ Apfp ¡ sp¡ S>¥_ ^d®dp„ Apd|g ¾$p[Þs Aphu iL¡$
s¡d R>¡ A_¡ AÐepf¡ S>¡ A¡L$p„s âê$`ZpAp¡ Qpg¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ `pM„X$ dsê$` R>¡ s¡ AV$L$u iL¡$ s¡d R>¡.
3
dpÓ ìehlpf _e_¡ S> dpÞe L$fu A_¡ s¡_¡ S> âp^pÞe Ap`sy„ A¡L$ Dv$plfZ R>¡- kçeÁv$i®__y„
õhê$`; dpÓ ìehlpf _e_¡ S> dpÞe L$f_pfp dp¡V$p cpN_p S>¥_p¡ A¡hy„ dp_¡ R>¡ L¡$- kçeÁv$i®_ A¡V$g¡
kps/_h sÒhp¡_u (õhpÐdp_yc|rs hNf_u) îÙp A\hp kpQp v$¡h-Ny{$-ip÷_u (õhpÐdp_yc|rs
hNf_u) îÙp. kçeÁv$i®__u Ap ìep¿ep ìehlpf _e_p `n_u R>¡ `f„sy r_òe _e_p ds¡ S>¡ A¡L$_¡
A\p®s¹ ApÐdp_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ s¡ S> kh®_¡ A\p®s¹ kps/_h sÒhp¡_¡ A_¡ kpQp v$¡h-Ny{$-ip÷_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡
L$pfZ L¡$ A¡L$ ApÐdp_¡ ÅZsp„ S> s¡ Æh kpQp v$¡h sÒh_p¡ A„i¡ A_ych L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u S> s¡ kpQp
v$¡h_¡ A„sf\u Ap¡mM¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡d kpQp v$¡h_¡ ÅZsp„ S> A\p®s¹ (õhpÐdp_yc|rs krls_u) îÙp \sp„
S> s¡ Æh s¡hp v$¡h b_hp_p dpN£ Qpgsp kpQp Ny{$_¡ `Z A„sf\u Ap¡mM¡ R>¡ A_¡ kp\¡-kp\¡ s¡ Æh
s¡hp v$¡h b_hp_p¡ dpN® bsphsp kpQp ip÷_¡ `Z Ap¡mM¡ R>¡.
r_òe kçeÁv$i®__u kpQu ìep¿ep Aphu lp¡hp R>sp„ ìehlpf_e_p `nhpmp_¡ kçeÁv$i®__u
Aphu kpQu ìep¿ep dpÞe _\u lp¡su A\hp s¡Ap¡ Aphu ìep¿ep_p¡ S> rhfp¡ L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u L$fu_¡
s¡Ap¡ kçeÁv$i®_ A¡V$g¡ kps/_h sÒhp¡_u L$l¡hpsu (õhpÐdp_yc|rs hNf_u) îÙp A\hp kpQp v$¡h-
Ny{$-ip÷_u L$l¡hpsu (õhpÐdp_yc|rs hNf_u) îÙp A¡V$gy„ S> dp_sp„ lp¡C_¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ "õhpÐdp_yc|rs
hNf_u îÙp' A_¡ "õhpÐdp_yc|rs krls_u îÙp' hÃQ¡_p¡ afL$ S> Mbf lp¡sp¡ _\u A\hp Mbf L$fhp
S> dp„Nsp _\u; s¡\u L$fu_¡ s¡Ap¡ kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$ S>¡ ^d®_p¡ `pep¡ R>¡ s¡_p rhi¡ S> AÅZ flu_¡ ApMu
tS>v$Nu q¾$ep-^d® DÑd fus¡ L$fhp R>sp„ `Z k„kpf_p A„s dpV$¡_p¡ ^d® `pdsp _\u, S>¡ L$~Zp D`Åh¡
s¡hu hps R>¡.
s¡hu S> fus¡ S>¡Ap¡ dpÓ r_òe _e_¡ S> dpÞe L$fu A_¡ s¡_¡ S> âp^pÞe Ap ¡ R>¡ s¡Ap¡ dpÓ
op__u iyóL$ (L$p¡fu) hpsp¡dp„ S> flu Åe R>¡ A_¡ ApÐdp_u ep¡Áesp rhi¡ A\hp dpÓ `pep_p kv$pQpf
rhi¡ `Z Op¡f D ¡np k¡hu_¡, s¡Ap¡ `Z k„kpf_p A„s dpV$¡_p ^d®\u sp¡ v$|f S> fl¡ R>¡ A_¡ sv¹D`fp„s
Aphp gp¡L$p¡_¡ âpe: õhÃR>„v$sp_p L$pfZ¡ A\p®s¹ yÎe_¡ A¡L$p„s¡ l¡e dp_hp_p L$pfZ¡ yÎe_p¡ `Z Acph
lp¡hp\u ch_p `Z W$¡L$pZp„ fl¡sp _\u, S>¡ hps `Z Ar^L$ L$~Zp D`Åh¡ s¡hu S> R>¡.
s¡hu S> fus¡ S>¥_ kdpS>dp„ A¡L$ _p_p¡ hN® A¡hp¡ `Z R>¡ L¡$ S>¡Ap¡A¡ hõsy-ìehõ\p_¡ S> rhL©$s
L$fu _pM¡g R>¡; s¡Ap¡ Öìe A_¡ `ep®e_¡ A¡ lv$¡ AgN dp_¡ R>¡ ÅZ¡ L¡$ s¡ b¡ AgN Öìep¡ _ lp¡e! s¡Ap¡
A¡L$ Ac¡v$ Öìedp„ D`Åhu_¡ S>Zph¡g NyZ-`ep®e_¡ `Z rcß kdS>¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ Öìe_y„ kçe¼ õhê$`
kdÅhhp Öìe_¡ A ¡npA¡ NyZ A_¡ `ep®e\u rcß S>Zph¡g R>¡, s¡_¡ s¡Ap¡ hpõsrhL$ rcß kdS>¡
R>¡; Öìe A_¡ `ep®e_¡ b¡ cph _ dp_sp„ s¡Ap¡ s¡_¡ b¡ cpN ê$` dp_hp ky u_u âê$`Zp L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡
ApNm s¡dp„ `Z kpdpÞe-rhi¡j A¡hp b¡ cpN_u L$ë`_p L$f¡ R>¡. Ap fus¡ hõsy-ìehõ\p_u S> rhL©$s
fus¡ âê$`Zp L$fu_¡ s¡Ap¡ `Z k„kpf_p A„s dpV$¡_p ^d®\u sp¡ v$|f S> fl¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ D`fp„s Aphp gp¡L$p¡_¡
g¡ML$_p ùv$ep¡v¹$Npfp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje4
`Z âpe: õhÃR>„v$_p L$pfZ¡ yÎe_p¡ Acph lp¡hp_p L$pfZ¡ ch_p W$¡L$pZp„ _\u fl¡sp, S>¡ hps `Z
AÐe„s L$~Zp D`Åh¡ s¡hu S> R>¡.
AÐepf¡ S>¥_ kdpS>dp„ âhs®su sÒh rhi¡_u Aphu N¡fkdÅ¡_¡ v$|f L$fhp Ad¡ Adpfp
ApÐdp_u A_yc|rs |h®L$_p rhQpfp¡, ip÷_p Ap^pf krls Ap yõsL$dp„ âõsys L$fuA¡ R>uA¡, S>¡_p¡
rhQpf-tQs_-d__ Ap` Myëgp d_\u A_¡ "kp{„$ s¡ S> dp{„$ ' A_¡ "kpQy„ s¡ S> dp{„$ ' A¡hp¡
ArcNd A`_phu_¡ L$fip¡ sp¡ Ahíe Ap` `Z sÒh_u âsurs S>~f L$fu iL$ip¡ A¡hp¡ Ad_¡ rhïhpk
R>¡. AÓ¡ Adpfp dpV$¡ S>¡ Ad¡ k„bp¡ _ hp`f¡g R>¡ s¡ L$p¡C dp_hpQL$ iåv$ _ kdS>hp¡ `f„sy s¡_p¡ A\®
rÓL$pmhs} ApÐdp_ychuAp¡ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ rÓL$pmhs} ApÐdp_ychuAp¡_u õhpÐdp_yc|rs A¡L$ kdp_ S>
lp¡e R>¡.
Ap yõsL$ s¥epf L$fhpdp„ Ad¡ S>¡ S>¡ N°„\p¡_p¡ Ap^pf gu ¡g R>¡, s¡ dpV$¡ Ad¡ s¡d_p g¡ML$p¡ A¡hp
ApQpe® cNh„sp¡_p, s¡ N°„\p¡_u V$uL$p fQ_pfpAp¡_p, A_yhpv$L$p¡_p s\p âL$piL$p¡_p ùv$e |h®L$ Apcpfu
R>uA¡. v$f¡L$ N°„\p¡_u Np\p_p¡ AÞhep\® A_¡ cphp\® "" '' dp„ Ap ¡g R>¡. Ad_¡ Ap yõsL$ s¥epf
L$fhpdp„ A_¡L$ gp¡L$p¡A¡ AgN-AgN fus¡ klL$pf Ap ¡g R>¡, s¡ kh£_p Ad¡ F>Zu R>uA¡; s¡\u s¡ kh£_p¡
Ad¡ ùv$e |h®L$ Apcpf dp_uA¡ R>uA¡ A_¡ Mpk „qX$s îu v$¡h¡ÞÖLy$dpf S>¥_ (buÅ¡guep) _p¡ âõsph_p
gMhp dpV$¡ ùv$e |h®L$ Apcpf dp_uA¡ R>uA¡.
Adpfp ApÐdp_u A_yc|rs |h®L$_p rhQpfp¡_¡ Ap` `funp L$fu_¡ A_¡ AÓ¡ Ap ¡g ip÷p¡_p
Ap^pf\u õhuL$pf L$fu_¡ kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ L$fp¡ L¡$ S>¡\u Ap` `Z ^d®ê$` `qfZdp¡ A_¡ dp¡ndpN® D`f
AN°¡kf b_u A„s¡ rkÙÐh_¡ `pdp¡ A¡ S> Aæe\®_p kl. âõsys yõsL$dp„ ÅÎe¡-AÅÎe¡ dpfp\u
L$p„C`Z rS>_pop rh~Ù gMpey„ lp¡esp¡ rÓrh ¡-rÓrh ¡ dpfp rdÃR>prd v$y½$X„$!
dy„bC, 16-01-2014. CA. S>e¡i dp¡l_gpg i¡W$
5
2
|h®c|rdL$p
A_pqv$\u Ap`Zp¡ ApÐdp Ap k„kpfdp„ kçeÁv$i®__p Acph_p L$pfZ¡ S> fMX¡$ R>¡ A\p®s¹
A_„sp yv¹$Ng`fphs®_\u Ap`Zp¡ ApÐdp Ap k„kpfdp„ A_„sp v$y:Mp¡ kl_ L$fsp¡ af¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_y„
dy¿e L$pfZ R>¡ rdÕepÐh A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ Acph. Ap rdÕepÐh `p¡sp_p¡ dlp_ iÓy R>¡ A¡hy„
op_ _ lp¡hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ OZp„ Æhp¡ AÞe-AÞe iÓy_u L$ë`_p L$fu_¡ Ap`kdp„ gX$sp„ S>Zpe R>¡ A_¡
A¡dp„ S> Ap Ad|ëe Æh_ y~„ L$fu_¡ `R>u A_„s L$pm_p v$y:Mp¡_¡ Apd„ÓZ Ap ¡ R>¡. `fdpÐdâL$pi-
rÓrh^ ApÐdpr^L$pf Np\p 65dp„ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""Ap S>Nsdp„ (IN THE UNIVERSE) A¡hp¡
L$p¡C`Z âv$¡i _\u L¡$ Äep„ Qp¡ep®ku gpM Æhpep¡_udp„ D`Æ_¡, c¡v$pc¡v$ fÐ_Óe_p ârs`pv$L$ rS>_
hQ__¡ âpàs _rl L$fsp¡ Ap Æh A_pqv$L$pm\u _ cçep¡ lp¡e.''
kh® ApÐdp õhcph\u kyMõhê$` S> lp¡hp\u, kyM_p S> CÃRy>L$ lp¡e R>¡ R>sp„ kpQp kyM_u
ÅZ A\hp A_ych _ lp¡hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ A_pqv$\u Ap`Zp¡ ApÐdp ipfuqfL$-C[ÞÖeS>Þe kyM L¡$ S>¡
Mf¡M~„ kyM _\u `f„sy s¡ dpÓ kyMpcpkê$` S> R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ kyM v$y:M |h®L$ S> lp¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡
kyM C[ÞÖep¡_p ApLy$mspê$` v$y:M_¡/h¡N_¡ ip„s L$fhp S> k¡hhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ R>sp„ s¡ kyM Ar‚dp„
I^Zê$` S> cpN cS>h¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ kyM afu-afu s¡_u CÃR>pê$` v$y:M S>NpX$hp_y„ S> L$pd L$f¡ R>¡
A_¡ s¡ kyM (cp¡N) cp¡Nhsp„ S>¡ _hp `p` b„ pe R>¡ s¡ _hp v$y:Mp¡_y„ L$pfZ b_¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡hy„
kyM v$y:M |h®L$ A_¡ v$y:Mê$`am krls S> lp¡e R>¡, s¡_u `pR>m S> `pNg b_u_¡ cpÁep¡ R>¡. buSy>„,
ipfuqfL$-C[ÞÖeS>Þe kyM nrZL$ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ kyM AdyL$ L$pm `R>u r_ed\u S>hphpmy„ R>¡ A\p®s¹
Æh_¡ Aphy„ kyM dpÓ Ók `ep®edp„ S> dmhpep¡Áe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ bly Ap¡R>p L$pm dpV$¡ lp¡e R>¡, `R>u s¡
Æh r_ed\u A¡L¢$rÖedp„ Åe R>¡ L¡$ Äep„ A_„sL$pm ky u A_„sv$y:Mp¡ cp¡Nhhp `X¡$ R>¡, A_¡ A¡L¢$rÖedp„\u
blpf _uL$mhy„ `Z cNhp_¡ tQspdrZfÐ__u âp[às syëe v$yg®c S>Zph¡g R>¡.
S>¡d L¡$ ApÐdp_yipk_ Np\p 51 dp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""L$pmp_pN S>¡hp, âpZ_pi L$fhphpmp
A¡hp A¡ cp¡N_u suh° Arcgpjp\u c|s, cprh A_¡ hs®dp_ chp¡_¡ _óV$ L$fu sy„ AM„qX$s d©Ðey\u
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje6
A_„shpf dep£ A_¡ ApÐdp_p kh®õhp^u_ kyM_p¡ _pi L$ep£; d_¡ sp¡ gpN¡ R>¡ L¡$- sy„ Arhh¡L$u, `fgp¡L$
ce\u frls, r_v$®e A_¡ L$W$p¡f `qfZpdu R>¡. L$pfZ dlp y{$jp¡\u t_qv$s hõsy_p¡ S> sy„ Arcgpju
\ep¡ R>¡. r^½$pf R>¡ A¡ L$pdu y{$jp¡_¡ L¡$- S>¡_y„ A„s:L$fZ r_fÞsf L$pd ¾$p¡ ê$` dlpN°l (X$pLy$-r`ipQ)
_¡ hi füp L$f¡ R>¡ ! A¡hp¡ âpZu Ap S>Nsdp„ iy„ iy„ _\u L$fsp¡ ? kh® Ly$L$d® L$f¡ R>¡.'' ApNm
ApÐdp_yipk_ Np\p 54 dp„ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""l¡ Æh ! Ap A`pf A_¡ A\pl k„kpfdp„
`qfc°dZ L$fsp„ L$fsp„ s¢ A_¡L$ ep¡r_Ap¡ ^pfZ L$fu, dlpv$p¡jey¼s ká^psyde dg\u b_¡gy„ A¡hy„ sp~„
Ap ifuf R>¡, ¾$p¡ pqv$ L$jpeS>Þe dp_rkL$ A_¡ ipfuqfL$ v$y:Mp¡\u sy„ r_f„sf `uqX$s R>¡. lu_pQf, Acn
cnZ A_¡ v$yfpQpfdp„ sy„ r_d‚ \C füp¡ R>¡ A_¡ A¡d L$fu L$fu_¡ sy„ spfp ApÐdp_¡ S> r_f„sf W$Nu
füp¡ R>¡. hmu S>fp\u N°õs (N°lpe¡gp¡) R>¡. d©Ðey_p dyM hÃQ¡ `X$ép¡ R>¡. R>sp„ ìe\® DÞdÑ \C füp¡
R>¡, A¡ S> `fd Apòe® R>¡ ! sy„ ApÐdL$ëepZ_p¡ L$Ë$p¡ iÓy R>¡ ? A\hp iy„ AL$ëepZ_¡ hp„ÃR>¡ R>¡?''
L$p¡C dpÓ yÎe\u S> dp¡n dmi¡ A¡hy„ kdS>sp lp¡e sp¡ ep¡Nkpf v$p¡lfp 15dp„ ApQpe® cNh„s¡
S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""hmu Å¡ sy„ `p¡sp_¡ sp¡ ÅZsp¡ _\u (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ _\u) A_¡ kh®\p A¡L$gy„
yÎe S> L$fsp¡ flui sp¡ `Z sy„ hpf„hpf k„kpfdp„ S> c°dZ L$fui `Z rihkyM_¡ `pdu iL$ui _rl.''
A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ hNf rihkyM_u (dp¡n_u) âp[às i¼e S> _\u. ApNm ep¡Nkpf v$p¡lfp 53dp„
`Z ApQpe® cNh„s S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡$- ""ip÷ cZhp R>sp„ `Z S>¡Ap¡ ApÐdp_¡ ÅZsp„ _\u (A\p®s¹
S>¡Ap¡_¡ kçeÁv$i®_ _\u) s¡Ap¡ `Z S>X$ R>¡; s¡ L$pfZ¡ Ap Æhp¡ r_òe\u r_hp®Z_¡ `pdsp _\u
A¡ hps õ`óV$ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ rdÕepÐh (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®__u N¡flpS>fu) A¡ A_„s k„kpf_y„ QpgL$bm
R>¡ A\p®s¹ rdÕepÐh A¡ kh£ `p`p¡_p¡ fpÅ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ kçeÁv$i®_\u S> lZpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_
r_hp®Z_¡ `pdhp dpV$¡ A\p®s¹ ipïhs¹ kyM_u âp[às A\£ s¡ `fd AphíeL$ R>¡.
s¡\uS> õhprdL$prs®L¡$ep_yâ¡np Np\p 290 \u 296dp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- Ap d_yóeNrs,
Ape®M„X$, DÃQLy$m, ^_hp_`Ï„, C[ÞÖep¡_u `qf |Z®sp, _ufp¡Nu ifuf, v$uOp®ey, cÖ `qfZpd, kfm
õhcph, kp y y{$jp¡_u k„Nrs, kçeÁv$i®_-ks¹ îÙp_, QpqfÓ hN¡f¡ A¡L$ A¡L$\u Ar^L$ Ar^L$ v$yg®c
R>¡. s¡d S> ApÐdp_yipk_ Np\p 75 dp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""d_yóe âpZu_u v$yg®csp A_¡ DÑdsp_¡
gC_¡ rhr^ê$` d„ÓuA¡ s¡_u A_¡L$ âL$pf¡ fnp L$fu v$yóV$ `qfZpdu _fL$_p Æhp¡_¡ A^p¡ cpNdp„ fp¿ep-
v$¡hp¡_¡ EÝh® cpNdp„ fp¿ep gp¡L$_u Qpf¡ sfa A_¡L$ dlp_ Ag„Âe kdyÖ s\p s¡_u Qpf¡ sfa O_p¡v$r^,
O_ A_¡ s_y A¡ _pd_p ÓZ `h_\u h]V$u huõsuZ® L$p¡V$ L$fu fp¿ep¡ A_¡ hÃQ¡ |Z® S>s_\u d_yóe
âpZu_¡ fp¿ep....'' A_¡ õhprdL$prs®L¡$ep_yâ¡np Np\p 297dp„ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""S>¡d dlp_
7
kdyÖdp„ `X$u Ne¡gy„ fÐ_ afu `pdhy„ v$yg®c R>¡ s¡d Ap d_yóe`Ï„ `pdhy„ v$yg®c R>¡. -A¡hp¡ r_òe L$fu
l¡ cìeÆhp¡ ! Ap rdÕepÐh A_¡ L$jpe_¡ R>p¡X$p¡. A¡hp¡ îuNy{$Ap¡_p¡ D`v$¡i R>¡.'' dpV$¡ Ap Ad|ëe-
v$yg®c d_yóeS>Þd dpÓ ipfuqfL$-C[ÞÖeS>Þe kyM A_¡ s¡_u âp[às `pR>m MQ®hp S>¡hp¡ _\u, `f„sy
s¡_u A¡L$ `Z `m_¡ ìe\® _ Nydphsp„, dpÓ_¡ dpÓ, ÐhfpA¡ ipïhs kyM A¡hp Ap[ÐdL$ kyM_u
(kçeÁv$i®__u) âp[às A\£ S> gNphhp ep¡Áe R>¡. A\p®s¹ Å¡ Ap ch kçeÁv$i®_ `pçep hNf_p¡
Nep¡ sp¡ `R>u A_„s L$pm ky u Aphp¡ kçeÁv$i®_ `pdhp_¡ ep¡Áe ch dmhp¡ v$|g®c S> R>¡ s¡\u kh£
S>_p¡_¡ Adpfu rh_„rs R>¡ L¡$ Ap ¡ Ap`_y„ hs®dp_ |Z® Æh_ kçeÁv$i®_ `pdhp dpV$¡ S> gNphhp
ep¡Áe R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u L$fu_¡ S> Ad¡ âõsys yõsL$dp„ kçeÁv$i®_ `pdhp dpV$¡ S>¡ rhje_y„ d__-tQs_
L$fu s¡dp„ S> A¡L$Ðh L$fhp ep¡Áe R>¡ s¡hp¡ ""Ö[óV$_p¡ (kçeÁv$i®__p¡) rhje'' S>Zphuiy„.
|h®c|rdL$p
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje8
3
kçeÁv$i®_
kçeÁv$i®_ A¡ dp¡ndpN®_p¡ v$fhpÅ¡ R>¡, A\p®s¹ r_òe kçeÁv$i®_ hNf dp¡ndpN®dp„ âh¡i
S> \sp¡ _\u A_¡ dp¡ndpN®dp„ âh¡i hNf Apìepbp^ kyM_p¡ dpN® `Z kpÝe \sp¡ _\u A\p®s¹
dp¡ndpN®dp„ âh¡i A_¡ `R>u_p y{$jp\®\u S> rkÙÐh ê$ ¡ dpN® am dm¡ R>¡ AÞe\p _rl. kçeÁv$i®_
hNf chL$V$u `Z \su _\u L$pfZ L¡$ kçeÁv$i®_ \ep `R>u Æh A ® yv¹$Ng `fphs®_ L$pm\u Ar^L$
k„kpfdp„ fl¡sp¡ _\u, s¡ A ® yv¹$Ng `fphs®_ L$pmdp„ S>~f rkÙÐh_¡ `pd¡ S> R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ ks¹-rQs¹-
Ap_„v$õhê$` ipïhs R>¡. s¡\u kdÅe R>¡ L¡$ Ap dp_hchdp„ Å¡ L$p„C`Z L$fhp S>¡hy„ lp¡e sp¡ s¡ A¡L$
dpÓ r_òe kçeÁv$i®_ S> â\ddp„ â\d âpàs L$fhp S>¡hy„ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡\u L$fu_¡ `p¡sp_¡ dp¡ndpN®dp„ âh¡i
dm¡ A_¡ y{jp\® ap¡fhsp„ ApNm rkÙ`v$_u âp[às \pe.
AÓ¡ A¡ kdS>hy„ AphíeL$ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ kpQp v$¡h-Ny{-^d® âÐe¡ îÙpê$` A\hp sp¡ _hsÒh_u
îÙpê$` kçeÁv$i®_ R>¡ s¡ sp¡ dpÓ ìehlpqfL$ (D`Qpfê$`) kçeÁv$i®_ `Z lp¡B iL¡$ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡
dp¡ndpN®_p âh¡i dpV$¡ L$pe®L$pfu NZpsy„ _\u L$pfZ L¡$ r_òe _e_p ds¡ S>¡ A¡L$_¡ A\p®s¹ ApÐdp_¡ ÅZ¡
R>¡ s¡ S> kh®_¡ A\p®s¹ kps/_h sÒhp¡_¡ A_¡ kpQp v$¡h-Ny{$-ip÷_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ A¡L$ ApÐdp_¡
ÅZsp„ S> s¡ Æh kpQp v$¡h sÒh_p¡ A„i¡ A_ych L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u s¡ kpQp v$¡h_¡ A„sf\u Ap¡mM¡
R>¡ A_¡ s¡d kpQp v$¡h_¡ ÅZsp„ S> A\p®s¹ îÙp \sp„ S> s¡ Æh s¡hp v$¡h b_hp_p dpN£ Qpgsp kpQp
Ny{$_¡ `Z A„sf\u Ap¡mM¡ R>¡ A_¡ kp\¡-kp\¡ s¡ Æh s¡hp v$¡h b_hp_p¡ dpN® bsphsp kpQp ip÷_¡
`Z Ap¡mM¡ R>¡. Ap fus¡ õhp_yc|rs (õh_u A_yc|rs) krls_y„ kçeÁv$i®_ A\p®s¹ c¡v$op_ krls_y„
kçeÁv$i®_ S> r_òe kçeÁv$i®_ L$l¡hpe R>¡ A_¡ s¡_p hNf dp¡ndpN®dp„ âh¡i `Z i¼e _\u, s¡\u
L$fu_¡ AÓ¡ S>Zph¡g kçeÁv$i®_ s¡ r_òe kçeÁv$i®_ S> kdS>hy„.
buSy>„, kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡ S>¡V$gy„ c¡v$op_ S>~fu R>¡ A\p®s¹ yv¹$Ng A_¡ s¡_p gn¡ \sp cphp¡\u
ApÐdp_y„ c¡v$op_ S>¡V$gy„ S>~fu R>¡, s¡V$gu Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e_u kdS> AphíeL$ _ lp¡hp„ R>sp„, S>¡dZ¡
s¡ Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e õhê$` hõsyìehõ\p ANf sp¡ DÐ`pv$-ìee- °yhê$` hõsyìehõ\p rh`fusê$ ¡
9
^pfZ \e¡g lp¡e sp¡ s¡d_¡ dpV$¡ AÓ¡ â\d Öìe-NyZ-`ep®eê$` A_¡ DÐ`pv$-ìee- °yhê$` hõsyìehõ\p
kçeL¹$ ê$ ¡ S>ZphuA¡ R>uA¡ s¡_p D`f rhQpf L$fhp¡ ep¡Áe R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S>¡d R>¡ s¡d â\d õhuL$pfhu `fd
AphíeL$ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ S>¥_ kdpS>dp„ A¡L$ hN® A¡hp¡ `Z R>¡ L¡$ S>¡Ap¡A¡ hõsy-ìehõ\p_¡ S> rhL©$s L$fu
_pM¡g R>¡; s¡Ap¡ Öìe A_¡ `ep®e_¡ A¡ lv$¡ AgN dp_¡ R>¡ ÅZ¡ L¡$ s¡ b¡ AgN Öìep¡ _ lp¡e ! s¡Ap¡
A¡L$ Ac¡v$ Öìedp„ D`Åhu_¡ S>Zph¡g NyZ-`ep®e_¡ `Z rcß kdS>¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ Öìe_y„ kçe¼ õhê$`
kdÅhhp Öìe_¡ A ¡npA¡ NyZ A_¡ `ep®e\u rcß S>Zph¡g R>¡, s¡_¡ s¡Ap¡ hpõsrhL$ rcß kdS>¡
R>¡; Öìe A_¡ `ep®e _¡ b¡ cph _ dp_sp„ s¡Ap¡ s¡_¡ b¡ cpN ê$` dp_hp ky u_u âê$`Zp L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡
ApNm s¡dp„ `Z kpdpÞe-rhi¡j A¡hp b¡ cpN_u L$ë`_p L$f¡ R>¡. Ap fus¡ hõsy-ìehõ\p_¡ S> rhL©$s
fus¡ ^pfZ L$fu_¡ A_¡ rhL©$s fus¡ âê$`Zp L$fu_¡ s¡Ap¡ `p¡s¡ k„kpf_p A„s dpV$¡_p ^d®\u sp¡ v$|f fl¡ S>
R>¡ A_¡ s¡ D`fp„s s¡Ap¡ ÅÎe¡-AÅÎe¡ A_¡L$ gp¡L$p¡_¡ `Z k„kpf_p A„s\u v$|f fpM¡ R>¡ S>¡ hps AÐe„s
L$~Zp D`Åh¡ s¡hu R>¡, s¡\u L$fu_¡ AÓ¡ â\d Ad¡ hõsy-ìehõ\p D`f rhõspf\u âL$pi `p\fuA¡
R>uA¡.
kçeÁv$i®_
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje10
4
Öìe - NyZ ìehõ\p
V|„$L$dp„ L$l¡hy„ lp¡esp¡ Öìe, s¡ NyZp¡_p¡ kd|l R>¡ A_¡ s¡ Öìe_u hs®dp_ Ahõ\p_¡ `ep®e L$l¡hpe
R>¡, Å¡ L$p¡C_¡ A¡hp¡ âï_ \pe L¡$ NyZp¡ _p¡ kd|l A¡V$g¡ OJ_p L$p¡\mp kdp_ L¡$ buÆ L$p¡C fus¡? DÑf-
s¡ OJ_p L$p¡\mp S>¡hy„ _\u A\p®s¹ S>¡d L$p¡\mpdp„ AgN AgN OJ R>¡ A¡hu fus¡ Öìedp„ NyZp¡ _\u,
`f„sy s¡ NyZp¡ Öìedp„, kpL$fdp„ Nmpi_u S>¡d R>¡ A\p®s¹ Öìe_p sdpd cpNdp„ (n¡Ódp„) A\p®s¹ âÐe¡L$
âv$¡i¡ (âv$¡i A¡V$g¡ n¡Ó_p¡ _p_pdp„ _p_p¡ A„i) R>¡. A\p®s¹ Öìe_p âÐe¡L$ âv$¡i¡, s¡ Öìe_p sdpd
(A_„sp_„s) NyZp¡ fl¡gp R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ buÆ fus¡ A¡d L$lu iL$pe L¡$ A¡L$ AM„X$ Öìedp„ fl¡g A_„sp_„s
rhi¡jspAp¡_¡ s¡ Öìe_p A_„sp_„s NyZp¡ sfuL¡$ hZ®ìep R>¡, Ap¡mMpìep R>¡. s¡ kh£ rhi¡jspAp¡_p
kd|l_¡ Öìe (hõsy) sfuL¡$ Ap¡mMph¡g R>¡, s¡ hõsy (Öìe) sp¡ Ac¡v$-A¡L$ S> R>¡ `f„sy s¡_u
rhi¡jspAp¡_¡ v$ip®hhp„ S> s¡dp„ NyZc¡v$ L$f¡g R>¡ AÞe\p Ðep„ L$p¡C S> n¡Óc¡v$ê$` NyZc¡v$ R>¡ S> _l].
Ðep„ sp¡ dpÓ A¡L$ hõsydp„ fl¡g A_„sp_„s rhi¡jspAp¡_¡ bsphhp„ S> NyZc¡v$_p¡ klpfp¡ gu ¡g R>¡, s¡
hõsydp„ hpõsrhL$ (Mf¡Mf) L$p¡C c¡v$ S> _\u L$pfZ L¡$ hõsy Ac¡v$ S> R>¡; Ap\u s¡_¡ L$\„rQs¹ c¡v$-
Ac¡v$ ê$` S>Zph¡g R>¡ A\p®s¹ Ðep„ kh®\p _ sp¡ c¡v$ R>¡ A_¡ _ sp¡ Ac¡v$ R>¡ `f„sy hõsy A ¡npA¡ Ac¡v$
R>¡ A_¡ NyZp¡_u A ¡npA¡ c¡v$ R>¡ s¡\u s¡_¡ L$\„rQs¹ c¡v$-Ac¡v$ ê$` S>Zph¡g R>¡. s¡_p¡ A\® A¡ R>¡ L¡$
s¡ hõsydp„ A¡L$ S> NyZ R>¡ A¡hy„ _\u `f„sy s¡ hõsydp„ A_„sp_„s rhi¡jspAp¡ A\p®s¹ NyZp¡ R>¡ s¡
A ¡npA¡ S> c¡v$ L$l¡hpe `f„sy Ðep„ hõsydp„ L$p¡C S> hpõsrhL$ c¡v$ _\u s¡ A ¡npA¡ Ac¡v$ S> L$l¡hpe.
s¡\u Ac¡v$_e_¡ S> L$pe®L$pfu S>Zph¡g R>¡ A_¡ c¡v$_e dpÓ hõsy_y„ õhê$` kdÅhhp dpV$¡ S>Zph¡g
c¡v$ê$` ìehlpf dpÓ S> R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ r_òe\u hõsy A¡L$ Ac¡v$ S> R>¡.
AÓ¡ Ap`Z¡ îu „QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u ( „.v$¡hL$u_„v$ÆL©$s tlv$u V$uL$p_p Ap^pf D`f\u kfm
NyS>fpsu V$uL$p A_yhpv$L$ kp¡dQ„v$ Ad\pgpg ipl-âL$piL$ cNhp_ îu Ly„$v$Ly„$v$-L$lp_ S>¥_ip÷dpmp
yó`-31-Aph©rÑ-1) Np\pAp¡ `f rhQpf L$fuiy„:-
Np\p 35:- AÞhep\®:- ""buÅ `ndp„ A¡V$g¡ AM„X$ A_¡L$âv$¡iu hõsy dp_hpdp„ r_òe\u S>¡
11
NyZp¡_y„ `qfZd_ \pe R>¡, s¡ Öìe_p kh® âv$¡ip¡dp„ kdp_ \pe R>¡, A_¡ s¡ W$uL$ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ - lgph¡gp¡
A¡L$ hp„k `p¡sp_u b^u `hp£dp„-A¡L¡$ A¡L$ Np„W$dp„ lpgu Åe R>¡''Ap fus¡ Öìe AM„X$ R>¡ A_¡ kh®
âv$¡ip¡dp„ fl¡g kh£ NyZp¡ kh® âv$¡i¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡.
Np\p 39:- AÞhep\®:- ""A¡ NyZp¡_p¡ ApÐdp S> Öìe R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ - A¡ NyZp¡ v$¡i\u (Öìe\u)
Sy>v$u kÑphpmp _\u. r_òe\u v$¡idp„ (Öìedp„) rhi¡j (NyZp¡) fl¡sp _\u `f„sy A¡ rhi¡jp¡ (NyZp¡)
Üpfp S> v$¡i (Öìe) s¡hp¡ NyZde S>Zpe R>¡''A\p®s¹ NyZp¡ R>¡ s¡ S> Öìe R>¡, buSy>„ L$p¡C Öìe _\u.
Np\p 45:- AÞhep\®:- ""A¡V$gp dpV$¡ Ap S> r_v$p£j R>¡ L¡$ A¡ r_rh®i¡j-r_Ny®Z Öìe_p rhi¡j
S> NyZ L$l¡hpe R>¡ A_¡ s¡ ârsnZ L$\„rQs¹ `qfZd_iug R>¡''
A\p®s¹ Öìedp„ NyZp¡ rkhpe L$p„B S> _\u A_¡ s¡ kh£ NyZp¡ V$L$sp A_¡ `qfZdsp R>¡ A\p®s¹
S>¡ V$L¡$ R>¡ s¡ S> V$L$u_¡ `qfZd¡ `Z R>¡ s¡ Ly$V$õ\ _\u. L$\„rQs¹ _p¡ A\® A¡ R>¡ L¡$- S>¡ V$L¡$ R>¡ s¡ S> `qfZd¡
R>¡ dpÓ A ¡npA¡ V$L$sp¡ A_¡ `qfZdsp¡ L$l¡hpe A\p®s¹ S>¡ V$L¡$ R>¡ s¡_p¡ hs®dp_-s¡ S> s¡_y„ `qfZd_
A_¡ s¡dp„ L$p¡C hpõsrhL$ c¡v$ _ lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ L$\„rQs¹ L$üy„ R>¡.
Np\p 105:- AÞhep\®:- ""âNV$ R>¡ A\® S>¡_p¡ A¡hp NyZp¡_p gnZ kb„ u `v$p¡_p¡ kpfp„i
A¡ R>¡ L¡$-kdp_ R>¡ âv$¡i S>¡_p A¡hp A¡L$ kp\¡ fl¡hphpmp S>¡ rhi¡jp¡ R>¡ s¡ S> (rhi¡jp¡) op_ Üpfp
rcß L$fsp„ ¾$d\u î¡ZuL©$s NyZ ÅZhp''
cphp\®:- ""A_„s NyZp¡_p kdyv$pe_y„ _pd Öìe R>¡. Öìe_p k„ |Z® âv$¡ip¡dp„ S>¡d A¡L$ rhhrns
NyZ fl¡ R>¡ s¡ S> âdpZ¡ Öìe_p b^p NyZp¡ `Z s¡ Öìe_p A¡ S> b^p âv$¡ip¡dp„ eyN`s¹ (A¡L$ kp\¡)
fl¡ R>¡. A¡V$gp dpV$¡ Öìe_p b^p NyZp¡ kdp_ âv$¡ihpmp A\p®s¹ Arcß R>¡. hõsyspA¡ A¡dp„ L$p¡C c¡v$
_\u sp¡ `Z îysop_pÞsN®s _eop_\u rhcL$s (rcßrcß) L$fsp„ s¡_u rcßrcß î¡ZuAp¡ \B Åe
R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$-hõsydp„ M„X$L$ë`_p _eop__p L$pfZ\u S> \pe R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ hõsy Ac¡v$ S> R>¡, s¡\u
L$p¡C`Z c¡v$_u L$ë`_p s¡ _eop_ S> R>¡.
Np\p 491:- AÞhep\®:- "".....A¡ b^p NyZp¡_u A¡L$ S> kÑp lp¡hp\u A¡ b^p„ NyZp¡dp„
AM„qX$s`Ï„ âÐenâdpZ\u rkÙ R>¡.''
Np\p 492:- AÞhep\®:- ""s¡\u Ap L$\_ r_v$p£j R>¡ L¡$-Å¡ L¡$ cph_u A ¡npA¡ ks¹ AM„qX$s
A¡L$ R>¡-sp¡ Z A¡ kh® L$\_ rhhnphi\u R>¡ "kh®\p' A¡ S> _e\u _\u.''
cphp\®:- ""s¡\u Adp{„$ Ap L$l¡hy„ bfpbf R>¡ L¡$-cph_u A ¡npA¡ `Z "ks¹' A¡L$ A_¡
AM„qX$s R>¡, s\p Apd L$l¡hy„ A¡ `Z _erhi¡j_u rhhnp\u R>¡ `Z kh®\p _\u.'' A\p®s¹ Ac¡v$
_e\u R>¡, c¡v$ _e\u _l].
Öìe - NyZ ìehõ\p
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje12
Np\p 143:- AÞhep\®:- ""kÑp, kÐh A\hp ks¹, kpdpÞe, Öìe, AÞhe, hõsy, A\® A_¡
rhr^ A¡ _h iåv$p¡ kpdpÞeê$`\u A¡L$ Öìeê$` A\®_p S> hpQL$ R>¡.''
A¡V$g¡ Å¡ A¡d L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ L¡$ A¡L$ kÑp_p b¡ ks¹ R>¡ L¡$ ÓZ ks¹ R>¡ L¡$ Qpf ks¹ R>¡ L¡$ A_„s
ks¹ R>¡ sp¡ A¡ L$\_ c¡v$_e_u A ¡npA¡ kdS>hy„ L$pfZ L¡$ kÑp A_¡ ks¹ A¡ bß¡ A¡L$p\® hpQL$ S> R>¡
R>sp„ c¡v$_u A ¡npA¡ A¡L$ kÑp_p b¡, ÓZ, Qpf A\hp A_„s c¡v$ L$fu_¡ c¡v$_e¡ L$fu L$\_ L$fu iL$pe
`f„sy hpõshdp„ (Mf¡Mf) sp¡ ks¹ L$lp¡ L¡$ kÑp L$lp¡ s¡ A¡L$, Ac¡v$ S> R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡ `Z c¡v$ L$ep® R>¡
s¡ sp¡ dpÓ hõsy _¡ kdÅhhp dpV$¡ S> R>¡, c¡v$ê$` ìehlpf dpÓ S> R>¡.
Np\p 524:- AÞhep\®:- ""A_„s^d®hpmp A¡L$ ^d}_p rhjedp„ Ap[õs¼eby[Ý^ \hu A¡ S>
Ap ìehlpf_e_y„ am R>¡......'' A\p®s¹ ìehlpfê$` c¡v$ dpÓ Ap[õs¼e by[Ý^ \hp A\£ S> R>¡,
AÞe\p _rl.
cphp\®:- "" |hp£¼s âL$pf_p ìehlpf_¡ dp_hp_y„ âep¡S>_ Ap R>¡ L¡$- "hõsy_p„ A_„s ^dp£ lp¡hp
R>sp„ s¡ A¡L$ AM„X$ hõsy R>¡' A¡hu âsurs L$fhu, A\p®s¹ NyZ-NyZu Ac¡v$ lp¡hp\u NyZp¡_¡ ÅZsp„
NyZu_y„ kyâsus (Ap¡mMpZ) Æh_¡ \pe sp¡ Ap ìehlpf_e_y„ e\p\® am Apìey„ L$l¡hpe. ìehlpf_p
Apîe_y„ am rhL$ë`-fpNÜ¡j R>¡, dpV$¡ c¡v$_p¡ Apîe _ L$fsp„ A\p®s¹ Ap _e Üpfp L$l¡gp NyZ_p c¡v$dp„
_ fp¡L$psp„ Ac¡v$Öìe_u âsurs L$fhu s¡ Ap _e_p op__y„ am R>¡, Ap am _ Aph¡ sp¡ Ap _eop_
e\p\® _\u.''
Np\p 634-635:- AÞhep\® ""r_òe\u ìehlpf_e Ac|sp\® R>¡ (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ A\£
A\p®s¹ ApÐdp_u Ac¡v$ A_yc|rs A\£ L$pe®L$pfu _\u) s¡dp„ Ap L$pfZ R>¡ L¡$-Al] k|Ódp„ S>¡ Öìe_¡
NyZhpmy„ L$üy„ R>¡ s¡_p¡ A\® L$fhp\u Al] ApNm NyZ, Sy>v$p R>¡ Öìe, Sy>v$y„ R>¡ s\p NyZ_p ep¡N\u s¡
Öìe, NyZhpmy„ L$l¡hpe R>¡ A¡hp¡ A\® rkÙ \pe R>¡ (S>Zpe R>¡), `f„sy s¡ W$uL$ _\u. L$pfZ L¡$ -_ NyZ
R>¡, _ Öìe R>¡, _ Dce R>¡, _ A¡ bß¡_p¡ ep¡N R>¡ `f„sy L¡$hm AÜ¡sks¹ (Ac¡v$Öìe) R>¡, s\p A¡ S>
ks¹_¡ Qpl¡ NyZ dp_p¡ A\hp Öìe dp_p¡, `f„sy s¡ rcß _\u A\p®s¹ r_òe\u Arcß S> R>¡.''
cphp\®:- ""ìehlpf_e\u "JwUdX²Ðì §' NyZhpmp_¡ Öìe L$l¡hp\u A¡hp¡ bp¡ \C iL¡$ R>¡ L¡$
-NyZ A_¡ Öìe rcßrcß hõsy R>¡ s\p NyZ_p ep¡N\u Öìe, Öìe L$l¡hpe R>¡, `f„sy A¡hp¡ A\® W$uL$
_\u, L$pfZ L¡$ -_ NyZ R>¡, _ Öìe R>¡, _ b„_¡ R>¡ L¡$ _ b„_¡_p¡ ep¡N R>¡ `f„sy r_òe_e\u L¡$hm A¡L$
AÜ¡s, Arcß, AM„X$ S> ks¹ R>¡ s¡_¡ S>, Qpl¡ NyZ L$lp¡, Qpl¡ Öìe L$lp¡ A\hp S>¡ BÃR>p¡ s¡ L$lp¡!
kpfp„i-''
Np\p 636:- AÞhep\®:- ""s¡\u Ap Þepe\u rkÙ \ey„ L¡$-ìehlpf _e R>¡, sp¡ `Z s¡
13
Ac|sp\® R>¡ s\p Mf¡Mf s¡_p¡ A_ych L$fhphpmp S>¡ rdÕepÖ[óV$ R>¡ s¡ `Z Al] M„qX$s \C Q|¼ep.''
A\p®s¹ S>¡Ap¡ Öìe_¡ Ac¡v$-AM„X$ A_ychsp _\u, s¡Ap¡_¡ r_ed\u c°dey¼s rdÕepÖ[óV$ dp_hp.
cphp\®:- ""ìehlpf_e, DL$s âL$pf_p c¡v$_¡ rhje L$f¡ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$-rhr^ |h®L$ c¡v$ L$fhp¡ A¡
S> "ìehlpf' iåv$_p¡ A\® R>¡, s¡\u rkÙ \pe R>¡ L¡$-ìehlpf_e Ac|sp\® S> R>¡-`fdp\®c|s _\u,
s\p Mf¡Mf s¡_p¡ A_ych L$fhphpmp rdÕepÖ[óV$ R>¡ s¡Ap¡ `Z _óV$ \B Q|¼ep (A\p®s¹ s¡Ap¡
A_„sk„kpfu \B Q|¼ep).-...'' A\p®s¹ S>¡Ap¡ c¡v$dp„ S> fdsp lp¡e A_¡ c¡v$_u S> âê$`Zp L$fsp„ lp¡e
s¡_¡ L$v$u Ac¡v$ Öìe A_ychdp„ S> Aphhp_y„ _\u, s¡\u L$fu s¡ rdÕepÖ[óV$ R>¡- _óV$ \B Q|¼ep
kdp_ R>¡.
Np\p 637:- AÞhep\®:- ""i„L$pL$pf L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$-Å¡ A¡d L$lp¡ sp¡ r_ed\u r_òe |h®L$ r_òe_e
S> Apv$f L$fhp ep¡Áe dp_hp¡ Å¡BA¡ L$pfZ L¡$-AqL»$QÐL$pfu lp¡hp\u A`fdp\®c|s ìehlpf_e\u iy„
âep¡S>_ R>¡? Å¡ A¡d L$lp¡ sp¡-''A\p®s¹ i„L$pL$pf A¡L$p„s¡ r_òe_e S> dp_hp¡ Å¡CA¡ A¡d L$l¡ R>¡. DÑf-
Np\p 638-639:- AÞhep\®:- ""A¡ âdpZ¡ L$l¡hy„ W$uL$ _\u L$pfZ L¡$-Al] ApNm rhârs`rÑ
\sp„ s\p k„ie_u Ap`rÑ Aphsp„ hp hõsy_p¡ rhQpf L$fhpdp„ bm |h®L$ ìehlpf_e âh©s \pe R>¡
A\hp S>¡ op_ bß¡ _ep¡_¡ Ahg„b_ L$fhphpmy„ R>¡ s¡ S> âdpZ L$l¡hpe R>¡. s¡\u âk„Nhi s¡
ìehlpf_e L$p¡B_p dpV$¡ D`f_p (D`f S>Zph¡g) L$pep£ dpV$¡ Apîe L$fhp ep¡Áe R>¡. `f„sy krhL$ë`
op_hpmpAp¡_u dpaL$ r_rh®L$ë` op_hpmpAp¡_¡ s¡ î¡ec|s _\u.'' A\p®s¹ s¡ rdÕepÐhu_¡ sÒh
kdS>hp/kdÅhhp dpV$¡ Apîe L$fhp ep¡Áe R>¡ `f„sy kçeÁv$róV$Ap¡_¡ A_ychL$pm¡ s¡_p¡ Apîe lp¡sp¡
_\u A\p®s¹ s¡ î¡ec|s _\u.
Öìe - NyZ ìehõ\p
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje14
5
Öìe - `ep®e ìehõ\p
Öìe A_¡ NyZ_u ìehõ\p Å¡B, lh¡ Ap`Z¡ `ep®e rhi¡ rhQpf L$fuiy„:- NyZp¡_p kd|lê$`
Ac¡v$ Öìe (hõsy) R>¡ sp¡ s¡dp„ `ep®e ¼ep„ fl¡ R>¡? DÑf- `ep®e Öìe_p kh®cpNdp„ ( |Z® n¡Ódp„) fl¡
R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ NyZp¡_p kd|lê$` Ac¡v$ Öìe_p¡ S>¡ hs®dp_ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡_u S>¡ hs®dp_ Ahõ\p R>¡
(`qfZd_ R>¡) s¡_¡ S> s¡ Öìe_u `ep®e L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ Ac¡v$ `ep®edp„ S> rhi¡jspAp¡_u
A ¡np\u A\p®s¹ NyZp¡_u A ¡npA¡ s¡dp„ (Ac¡v$ `ep®edp„) S> c¡v$ L$fu_¡ s¡_¡ NyZp¡_u `ep®e L$l¡hpe
R>¡. Ap L$pfZ¡ L$lu iL$pe L¡$ S>¡V$gy„ n¡Ó Öìe_y„ R>¡, s¡ A_¡ s¡V$gy„ S> n¡Ó NyZp¡_y„ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ A_¡ s¡V$gy„
S> n¡Ó `ep®e_y„ `Z R>¡; Ap\u S> Öìe-`ep®e _¡ ìepàe-ìep`L$ k„b„ L$l¡hpe R>¡.
Ap S> hps âhQ_kpf Np\p 114 dp„ `Z L$l¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""Öìepr\®L$ (_e) hX¡$ kOmy„ (A\ps¹
|Z® Öìe) Öìe R>¡; A_¡ hmu `ep®epr\®L$ (_e) hX¡$ s¡ (Öìe) AÞe-AÞe R>¡, L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ L$pm¡ sÞde
lp¡hp_¡ gu ¡ (Öìe `ep®ep¡\u) A_Þe R>¡.''
Al] L$p¡C_¡ âï_ \pe L¡$ sp¡ Öìe A_¡ `ep®e_p âv$¡ip¡ rcß R>¡ A¡hy„ L$B fus¡ L$lu iL$pe? DÑf-
c¡v$ rhhnpdp„ Äepf¡ A¡L$ Ac¡v$-AM„X$ Öìedp„ c¡v$ D`Åhu_¡ kdÅhhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ Öìe A_¡
`ep®e, A¡hp hõsy_p b¡ cphp¡_¡ õhQsyóV$e_u A ¡np\u A¡hy„ L$lu iL$pe L¡$ bß¡_p âv$¡ip¡ rcß R>¡ `f„sy
hpõshdp„ (Mf¡Mf) Ðep„ L$p„B S> rcßsp _\u, s¡ bß¡ Ac¡v$ S> R>¡, sÞde S> R>¡ A\p®s¹ A¡L$ S>
ApL$piâv$¡ip¡_¡ AhNplu_¡ fl¡g R>¡. S>¡d õhprdL$prs®L¡$ep_yâ¡np Np\p 277dp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""hõsy
S>¡ L$pm¡ S>¡ õhcph¡ `qfZd_ê$` lp¡e R>¡ s¡ L$pm¡ s¡ `qfZpd\u sÞde lp¡e R>¡;........'' A_¡
„Qp[õsL$pek„N°l Np\p 9dp„ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""s¡ s¡ kv¹$cph`ep®ep¡_¡ S>¡ Öh¡ R>¡-`pd¡ R>¡, s¡_¡
(kh®op¡) Öìe L$l¡ R>¡-L¡$ S>¡ kÑp\u (A\p®s¹ Öìe\u) A_Þec|s R>¡.''
Ap Ac¡v$ `ep®e_¡, ApL$pf_u A ¡npA¡ ìe„S>_`ep®e A\hp Öìe`ep®e L$l¡hpe R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S>
Ac¡v$ `ep®e_¡ rhi¡jspAp¡_u A ¡npA¡ NyZ`ep®e A\hp A\® ep®e `Z L$l¡hpe R>¡. AÓ¡ kdS>hp_y„
A¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ NyZp¡_p kd|lê$` Öìe R>¡, s¡_p¡ L$p¡C _¡ L$p¡C ApL$pf Ahíe lp¡hp_p¡ A_¡ s¡_y„ L$p¡C_¡ L$p¡C
ê$` A_¡ L$pe® `Z Ahíe lp¡hp_y„ S> A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ S>¡ ApL$pf R>¡ s¡_¡ s¡ Öìe_u Öìe`ep®e A\hp
15
ìe„S>_`ep®e L$l¡hpe R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ s¡_y„ hs®dp_ L$pe® R>¡ (`qfZpd R>¡ = Ahõ\p R>¡) s¡_¡ s¡ Öìe_u
NyZ`ep®e A\hp A\® ep®e L$l¡hpe R>¡.
S>¡d Ap`Z¡ D`f Å¡ey„ s¡d c¡v$ê$` ìehlpf Ac|sp\® R>¡, s¡ dpÓ sÒh kdS>hp A\hp
kdÅhhp dpV$¡ âep¡Ndp„ g¡hpe R>¡ AÞe\p s¡ L$pe®L$pfu _\u A_¡ hõsy_y„ õhê$` sp¡ Ac¡v$ S> R>¡ A_¡
s¡ S> c|sp\® R>¡; s¡\u kh® L$\_, A ¡npA¡ N°lZ L$fhy„ ep¡Áe R>¡ AÞe\p A\®_p¡ A_\® \C Åe R>¡
A\p®s¹ s¡_¡ Å¡ L$p¡C A¡L$p„s¡ N°lZ L$f¡ A\hp kdÅh¡ sp¡ s¡ rdÕepÖ[óV$ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ _óV$ \C Q|L¡$gp R>¡
A\p®s¹ Ap d_yóech lpfu Q|L¡$gp R>¡ (D`f S>Zph¡g Np\p 636 Å¡hu).
v$f¡L$ hõsy_y„ L$pe® hõsy\u Ac¡v$ S> lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ S> s¡_y„ D`pv$p_ê$` `qfZd_ L$l¡hpe R>¡
A_¡ s¡ L$pe®_¡ A\hp Ahõ\p_¡, hs®dp_ kde A ¡npA¡ hs®dp_ `ep®e L$l¡hpe R>¡; Ap\u L$l¡hp dpV$¡
A¡d L$lu iL$pe R>¡ L¡$- `ep®e Öìedp„\u Aph¡ R>¡ A_¡ Öìedp„ S> Åe R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ L$p¡C`Z Öìe (hõsy)
_y„ L$pe® s¡_p\u Ac¡v$ S> lp¡e R>¡ R>sp„ c¡v$ _e\u Aphy„ L$\_ L$fu iL$pe R>¡ `f„sy s¡\u L$fu_¡, s¡ bß¡
rcß rcß R>¡ s¡hy„ _\u, Öìe A_¡ `ep®e_¡ L$\„rQs¹ rcß L$l¡hpe R>¡ s¡ Ap A ¡npA¡.
L$p¡C`Z Öìe R>¡ s¡ r_Ðe R>¡ `f„sy Ly$V$õ\ r_Ðe _rl L$pfZ L¡$ Å¡ s¡ hõsy_y„ L$p¡C`Z L$pe® S>dp_hpdp„ _ Aph¡ sp¡ s¡ hõsy_p¡ S> Acph \C S>i¡, s¡\u L$fu_¡ v$f¡L$ r_Ðe hõsy_y„, S>¡ hs®dp_ L$pe®R>¡ s¡_¡ S> s¡_u `ep®e L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ A_¡ Aphu c|s crhóe A_¡ hs®dp__u `ep®ep¡_p¡ kd|l S>
Öìe (hõsy) R>¡ A\p®s¹ A_yõeyrs\u fQpe¡g `ep®ep¡_p¡ kd|l s¡ S> Öìe R>¡.
hõsy_p¡ õhcph R>¡ L¡$ s¡ V$L$u_¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡ s¡\u s¡ hõsydp„ A¡L$ V$L$sp¡cph R>¡ A_¡ A¡L$`qfZdsp¡cph R>¡, s¡dp„\u S>¡ V$L$sp¡cph R>¡ s¡_¡ r_Ðeê$` A\p®s¹ Öìe L$l¡hpe R>¡, rÓL$pmu °yh L$l¡hpe
R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ `qfZdsp¡cph R>¡ s¡_¡ `ep®e L$l¡hpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ hõsydp„ A¡L$ V$L$sp¡cpN A_¡ A¡L$`qfZdsp¡cpN A¡hp b¡ cpN A\p®s¹ rhcpN _\u. Å¡ A¡hp L$p¡B rhcpN dp_hpdp„ Aph¡, sp¡ hõsyA¡L$-AM„X$-Ac¡v$ _ fl¡sp„ b¡-rcß \C Åe A_¡ A¡L$ cpN Ly$V$õ\ A\p®s¹ A¡L$ Öìe Ly$V$õ\ ê$` \B
Åe A_¡ buÅ¡ cpN nrZL$ A\p®s¹ buSy>„ Öìe nrZL$ \C Åe A_¡ Apd \sp„, hõsy_u rkrÙ S> _\pe. L$pfZ L¡$ D`f S>Zpìep A_ykpf L$p¡C S> Öìe s¡_p L$pe® hNf Ly$V$õ\ _ lp¡e A_¡ L$p¡B hõsy nrZL$lp¡e sp¡ s¡ hõsy_p¡ S> Acph \C Åe Ap\u L$fu_¡ Aphp b¡ v$p¡j hõsyìehõ\p _ kdÅsp„ Aphu S>i¡
A_¡ hõsy_u rkrÙ S> _rl \pe.
s¡\u L$fu_¡ â\d S>Zpìep A_ykpf hõsy_p¡ S>¡ hs®dp_ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡_u S>¡ Ahõ\p R>¡ s¡_¡
S> `ep®e kdS>hu AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ A¡d S> R>¡. A\p®s¹ Äepf¡ A¡d L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ L¡$ `ep®e
sp¡ Öìedp„\u S> Aph¡ R>¡ A_¡ Öìedp„ S> Åe R>¡ sp¡ s¡hp„ L$\_ _¡ D`f S>Zpìep A_ykpf_u A ¡npA¡
dpÓ "ìehlpf' A\p®s¹ D`Qpf-L$\_ dpÓ kdS>hy„, _l] L¡$ hpõsrhL$.
Öìe - `ep®e ìehõ\p
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje16
6
DÐ`pv$-ìee- °yhê$` ìehõ\p
lh¡ DÐ`pv$-ìee- °yh\u `Z Ap S> cph kdÆA¡, S>¡ DÐ`pv$-ìee R>¡ s¡ `ep®e R>¡ A_¡
S>¡ °yh R>¡ s¡ Öìe R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡ Öìe R>¡ s¡ r_Ðe R>¡ A_¡ s¡_p\u S> "Ap s¡ S> R>¡' A¡hp¡ r_Z®e \pe
R>¡ s¡\u s¡_¡ S> °yhcph A\hp A`qfZpdu cph `Z L$l¡hpe R>¡.
S>¥_ ^d®dp„ °yhcph A¡ A¡L$p„s A`qfZpdu A\p®s¹ Ly$V$õ\ _\u `f„sy s¡ `qfZd_iug hõsy
R>¡, S>¡d õhprdL$prs®L¡$ep_yâ¡np Np\p 226dp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""hmu A¡L$p„sõhê$` Öìe R>¡ s¡ g¡idpÓ
`Z L$pe® L$fsy„ _\u s\p S>¡ L$pe® _ L$f¡ s¡ Öìe S> L¡$hy„? s¡ sp¡ i|Þeê$` S>¡hy„ R>¡.'' cphp\®- ""S>¡
A\®q¾$epê$` lp¡e s¡_¡ S> `fdp\® hõsy L$lu R>¡ `Z S>¡ A\®q¾$epê$` _\u s¡ sp¡ ApL$pi_p awg_u dpaL$
i|Þeê$` R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ S>¡ `p¡sp_p L$pe® krls_u hõsy R>¡ s¡_p¡ S>¡ V$L$sp¡ cph R>¡ s¡ S> °yhcph A\hp
A`qfZpducph R>¡ A_¡ s¡ hõsy_y„ S>¡ L$pe® R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡_p¡ S>¡ hs®dp_cph A\hp s¡_u S>¡ hs®dp_
Ahõ\p R>¡ s¡_¡ S> s¡_p¡ `qfZdsp¡cph L$l¡hpe R>¡, s¡_¡ S> DÐ`pv$-ìee L$l¡hpe R>¡. s¡ A¡hu fus¡ L¡$
S|>_u `ep®e_p¡ ne A_¡ _hu `ep®e_p¡ DÐ`pv$, Ap DÐ`pv$-ìee `Z L$p¡C _hu hõsy_p DÐ`pv$-ìeeê$`
_\u, s¡ sp¡ dpÓ A¡L$ hõsy_p (Öìe_p) A¡L$ kde `l¡gp„_p ê$`_p¡ ìee A_¡ hs®dp_ kde_p ê$`_p¡
DÐ`pv$ S> R>¡ A\p®s¹ A¡L$-Ac¡v$-AM„X$-Arcß hõsy_y„ kde A ¡npA¡ L$pe® (`qfZd_) s¡ S> s¡_p¡
DÐ`pv$-ìee ê$` `ep®e L$l¡hpe R>¡.
Ðep„ L$p¡C hpõsrhL$ DÐ`pv$-ìee A\hp Aphhy„-S>hy„ _\u `f„sy hõsy r_Ðe `qfZdsu fl¡ R>¡
A\p®s¹ A_yõeyrs\u fQpe¡g `ep®ep¡_p¡ kd|l s¡ S> hõsy A_¡ s¡dp„ kde A ¡npA¡ DÐ`pv$-ìee L$l¡hpe
R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ S> hõsy_¡ hs®dp_\u Å¡sp„ s¡_¡ s¡ Öìe_u hs®dp_ Ahõ\p-`ep®e L$l¡hpe R>¡ A\p®s¹
hõsydp„ DÐ`pv$-ìee- °yh A¡hp hpõsrhL$ c¡v$ _ lp¡hp R>sp„, dpÓ "ìehlpf' \u S>, c¡v$_e_u
A ¡npA¡ s¡d L$l¡hpe R>¡; s¡_y„ am dpÓ hõsy_y„ õhê$` kdS>hp |fsy„ S> R>¡, _l] L¡$ c¡v$dp„ S> AV$hpB
`X$hp dpV$¡ L$pfZ L¡$ c¡v$dp„ S> AV$L$sp„ hõsy_y„ Ac¡v$ õhê$` _l] `L$X$pe L¡$ S>¡ õhpÐdp_yc|rs dpV$¡
L$pe®L$pfu R>¡.
17
7
Ö[óV$c¡v$¡ c¡v$
hõsydp„ kh® c¡v$p¡ Ö[óV$ A ¡npA¡ R>¡ _rl L¡$ hpõsrhL$, S>¡d L¡$- âdpZÖ[óV$A¡ Å¡sp„ hõsy
Öìe-`ep®ede R>¡ A\p®s¹ DÐ`pv$-ìee- °yhê$` S> R>¡ Äepf¡ s¡ S> hõsy_¡ `ep®eÖ[óV$\u Å¡hpdp„ Aph¡
A\p®s¹ s¡_¡ dpÓ s¡_p hs®dp_ L$pe®\u, s¡_u hs®dp_ Ahõ\p\u S> Å¡hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ s¡ hõsy dpÓ s¡V$gu
S> R>¡ A\p®s¹ |Z®Öìe s¡ hMs¡ dpÓ hs®dp_ Ahõ\pê$` S> S>Zpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ hs®dp_ Ahõ\pdp„
S> |Z® Öìe Ry>`pe¡g R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ cph kdekpf Np\p 13dp„ v$ip®hhpdp„ Aph¡g R>¡ A\p®s¹ hs®dp_
rÓL$pmu_y„ S> b_¡g R>¡. S>¡d õhprdL$prs®L¡$ep_yâ¡np Np\p 269dp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""S>¡ _e hõsy_¡
s¡_p rhi¡jê$`\u (`ep®e\u) Arh_pc|s (A\p®s¹ `ep®e frls Öìe _rl `f„sy `ep®e krls Öìe_¡
A\p®s¹) kpdpÞeê$`_¡ _p_p âL$pf_u eyr¼s_p bm\u (A\p®s¹ `ep®e_¡ Np¥Z L$fu_¡ Öìe_¡) kp ¡ s¡
Öìepr\®L$_e (ÖìeÖ[óV$) R>¡.'' cphp\®- ""hõsy_y„ õhê$` kpdpÞe-rhi¡jpÐdL$ R>¡. rhi¡j rh_p
kpdpÞe lp¡sy„ _\u.......'' A_¡ Np\p 270dp„ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""S>¡ _e A_¡L$ âL$pf¡ kpdpÞekrls
kh® rhi¡j_¡ s¡_p kp^__y„ S>¡ tgN (rQÞl) s¡_p hi\u kp ¡ s¡ `ep®epr\®L$_e (`ep®eÖ[óV$) R>¡.''
cphp\®- ""kpdpÞe (Öìe) krls s¡_p rhi¡jp¡_¡ (`ep®ep¡_¡) l¡sy |h®L$ kp ¡ (A\p®s¹ Öìe_¡ Np¥Z L$fu_¡
`ep®e_¡ N°lZ L$f¡) s¡ `ep®epr\®L$_e (`ep®eÖ[óV$) R>¡.......'' A\p®s¹ |Z® Öìe Äepf¡ dpÓ hs®dp_
Ahõ\pê$`-`ep®eê$` S> S>Zpe R>¡ s¡_¡ S> `ep®eÖ[óV$ L$l¡hpe R>¡ A_¡ s¡ hMs¡ s¡ hs®dp_ `ep®edp„
S> |Z® Öìe Ry>`pe¡g R>¡.
Ap\u Å¡ A¡d L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ L¡$ hs®dp_ `ep®e_p¡ kçeÁv$i®__p rhjedp„ kdph¡i _\u, sp¡
Ðep„ kdS>hy„ `X$i¡ L¡$ L$p¡C`Z Öìe_u hs®dp_ `ep®e_p¡ gp¡ \sp„ S>, |Z® Öìe_p¡ S> gp¡ \C S>i¡,
Ðep„ hõsy_p¡ S> Acph \B S>i¡, dpV$¡ Ö[óV$_p rhjedp„ (kçeÁv$i®__p rhjedp„) hs®dp_ `ep®e_p¡
Acph _ L$fsp„, dpÓ s¡dp„ fl¡g AiyrÙ_¡ (rhcphcph_¡) Np¥Z L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡; S>¡ Ad¡ ApNm
D`f S>Zphuiy„-kdÅhuiy„.
s¡ S> |Z® hõsy_¡ Å¡ ÖìeÖ[óV$\u Å¡hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ s¡ k„ |Z® hõsy dpÓ Öìeê$` S>- °yhê$` S>-
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje18
A`qfZpduê$` S> S>Zpe R>¡, Ðep„ `ep®e S>Zpsu S> _\u L$pfZ L¡$ Ðepf¡ `ep®e s¡ Öìedp„ A„sc|®s \C
Åe R>¡ A\p®s¹ `ep®e Np¥Z \C Åe R>¡ A_¡ |Z® hõsy °yhê$`-Öìeê$` S> S>Zpe R>¡ s¡\u S> ÖìeÖ[óV$
L$pe®L$pfu R>¡ S>¡ hps Ad¡ ApNm rhõspf\u S>Zphuiy„.
AÓ¡ S>Zpìep A_ykpf Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e A_¡ DÐ`pv$-ìee- °yhê$` hõsyìehõ\p kçeL¹$ê$ ¡
_ kdÅC lp¡e A\hp sp¡ rh`fusê$ ¡ ^pfZp \C lp¡e sp¡, kp¥ â\d s¡_¡ kçeL¹$ê$ ¡ kdÆ g¡hu AÐe„s
AphíeL$ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡_p rh_p kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje kdÅhp¡ Ai¼e S> R>¡ s¡\u lh¡ Ap`Z¡ Ap S>
cphp¡ ip÷_p Ap^pf¡ `Z ÖY$ L$fuiy„.
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8
„QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u hõsyìehõ\p v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡
Np\p 67:- AÞhep\®:- ""..... S>¡d `qfZd_iug ApÐdp Å¡L¡$ op_NyZ`Zp\u Ah[õ\s
R>¡ sp¡ Z op_NyZ_p sfsdê$` `p¡sp_u A ¡npA¡ A_h[õ\s R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ ApÐdp (Öìe) `qfZd_iug R>¡ A_¡ R>sp„ s¡_¡ V$L$spcph\u = op_NyZ\u =
opeL$cph\u Å¡hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ s¡ s¡hp¡ _¡ s¡hp¡ S> S>Zpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ Ah[õ\s R>¡ A_¡ Å¡ op_NyZ_u
S> sfsdspê$` Ahõ\p\u A\p®s¹ rhL$ë`ê$` = o¡eê$` Ahõ\p\u Å¡hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ s¡ s¡hp¡ _¡ s¡hp¡
fl¡sp¡ _\u A\p®s¹ A_h[õ\s S>Zpe R>¡, Ap S> A_y¾$d¡ ÖìeÖ[óV$ A_¡ `ep®eÖ[óV$ R>¡.
Np\p 68-69:- AÞhep\®:- ""Å¡ D`f_p L$\_ A_ykpf NyZ-NyZp„i_u (NyZ-`ep®e_u)
L$ë`_p _ dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ Öìe, NyZp„i_u ¡W$¡ r_f„i \C Ås A\hp s¡ Öìe, Ly$V$õ\_u dpaL$ r_Ðe
\C Ås `qfZd_iug rbgLy$g _ lp¡s A\hp nrZL$ \C Ås A\hp Å¡ sdpfp¡ Aphp¡ Arcâpe lp¡e
L¡$-A_„s ArhcpNu NyZp„ip¡_y„ dp_hy„ sp¡ W$uL$ R>¡ `f„sy A¡ b^p r_f„iA„ip¡_y„ `qfZd_ kdp„i A\p®s¹
A¡L$ kfMy„ lp¡hy„ Å¡BA¡ `Z sfsdê$` (suh°-d„v$ê$`) _ lp¡hy„ Å¡BA¡.''
cphp\®:- ""Öìepr\®L$_e\u hõsy Ah[õ\s R>¡ s\p `ep®epr\®L$_e\u hõsy A_h[õ\s R>¡ A¡
âL$pf_u (hõsydp„) âsurs lp¡hp_p L$pfZ\u NyZ-NyZp„i L$ë`_p kp\®L$ R>¡ A¡hy„ `l¡gp„ rkÙ L$ey R>¡,
lh¡ A¡ S> (hõsyõhê$`_¡) ÖY$ L$fhp dpV$¡ ìersf¡L$ê$`\u Dlp`p¡l L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ L¡$ -Å¡ NyZNyZp„i
L$ë`_p dp_hpdp„ _ Aph¡ sp¡ Öìe_p õhê$`dp„ Qpf Ar_óV$`np¡ DÐ`Þ_ \hp_p¡ âk„N Aphi¡, A_¡
s¡ Ap âdpZ¡:- 1) A¡L$ NyZp„i_u dpaL$ Öìe_¡ r_f„i dp_hy„ `X$i¡, 2) Öìedp„ dpÓ NyZp¡_p¡ S>
kv$cph dp_hp\u L$ugL$_u dpaL$ s¡_¡ Ly$V$õ\ A¡V$g¡ A`qfZpdu dp_hy„ `X$i¡, 3) NyZp¡ rkhpe dpÓ
NyZp„iL$ë`_p S> dp_sp„ s¡_¡ (Öìe_¡) nrZL$ dp_hy„ `X$i¡, s\p 4) NyZp¡_p A_„s A„ip¡ dp_hp R>sp„
`Z s¡_y„ kdp_ `qfZd_ dp_hy„ `X$i¡ `Z sfsdA„iê$` _rl d_pe.''
Np\p 70:- AÞhep\®:- ""D`f_p Qpf¡e `n `Z v$p¡jey¼s R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ âÐenê$`\u bpr^s
R>¡. A_¡ A¡ âÐenbpr^s A¡V$gp dpV$¡ R>¡ L¡$- A¡ `np¡_¡ rkÙ L$fhphpmy„ L$p¡C âdpZ _\u s\p s¡_p
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje20
kp^L$ âdpZ_p¡ Acph A¡V$gp dpV$¡ R>¡ L¡$- A¡ `np¡_u rkrÙ_¡ dpV$¡ Ap gp¡L$dp„ L$p¡C ÖóV$p„s `Z dmu
iL$sy„ _\u.''
A\p®s¹ Öìe_¡ `qfZpdu rkÙ L$ey A_¡ R>sp„ s¡_¡ V$L$spcph_u A ¡npA¡ A`qfZpdu `Z
L$l¡hpe `f„sy A¡L$p„s¡ _rl L$pfZL¡$ S>¥_ rkÙp„sdp„ A_¡L$p„s_p¡ S> S>e \pe R>¡ _rl L¡$ A¡L$p„s_p¡.
Np\p 83-84:- AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡d Ap„bp_p amdp„ õ`i®, fk, N„ A_¡ hZ® A¡ Qpf¡
yv¹$NgÖìe_p NyZp¡ `p¡s`p¡sp_p gnZ\u rcß R>¡ s\p r_òe\u s¡ b^p AM„X$v$¡iu (Öìe) lp¡hp\u
L$p¡C`Z âL$pf¡ Sy>v$p `Z L$fu iL$psp _\u. A¡V$gp dpV$¡ S>¡d rhi¡jê$` lp¡hp_p L$pfZ\u `ep®eÖ[óV$A¡
(c¡v$rhhnpA¡) v$¡i, v$¡ip„i, NyZ A_¡ NyZp„iê$` õhQsyóV$e L$lu iL$pe R>¡ s¡dS> kpdpÞeê$`_u
A ¡npA¡ A\p®s¹ Öìepr\®L$Ö[óV$A¡ (Ac¡v$ rhhnpA¡) A¡ S> b^p A¡L$ Apgp`\u A¡L$ AM„X$ Öìe L$lu
iL$pe R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ S>¡ rhi¡j A ¡npA¡ `ep®e R>¡ s¡ S> kpdpÞe A ¡npA¡ Öìe R>¡, S>¡d L¡$ D`pv$p_
`p¡s¡ S> L$pe®ê$ ¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡ A¡ hps sp¡ kh®rhqv$s R>¡ s¡dp„ D`pv$p_ s¡ S> Öìe R>¡ A_¡ L$pe® R>¡ s¡ `ep®e
R>¡ s¡\u A¡ hps rkÙ \pe R>¡ L¡$ Öìe S> `p¡s¡ Öh¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ `qfZd¡ R>¡ A_¡ Öìe S> `p¡s¡ hs®dp_
Ahõ\p_u A ¡npA¡ `ep®e L$l¡hpe R>¡.
S>¡d L¡$ dpV$u_p¡ t`X$ _óV$ \C_¡ dpV$u_p OX$pê$` b_hp\u dpV$uê$`u Öìe_u A¡L$ `ep®e_p¡ _pi
\ep¡ A_¡ _hu `ep®e_p¡ DÐ`pv$ \ep¡ `f„sy bß¡dp„ dpV$uÐh (dpV$u`Ï„) sp¡ L$ped S> füy„, r_Ðe S> füy„,
s¡ A ¡npA¡ Ly$V$õ\ füy„-A`qfZpdu füy„. s¡ A¡ fus¡ L¡$ dpV$uê$` Öìe L$p¡C AÞe Öìeê$ ¡ _\u `qfZdu
S>sy„ s¡\u s¡_¡ s¡ A ¡npA¡ `Z Ly$V$õ\ A\hp A`qfZpdu L$lu iL$pe. A_¡ buSy>„ s¡ t`X$ A_¡ OX$pdp„
dpV$u`Ï„ A¡hy„ _¡ A¡hy„ S> fl¡ R>¡. s¡ A ¡npA¡ `Z s¡_¡ L$\„rQs¹ Ly$V$õ\ A\hp L$\„rQs¹ A`qfZpdu L$lu
iL$pe. AÞe\p A¡L$p„s¡ A`qfZpdu L$l¡sp„ sp¡ Ðep„ A¡L$ cpN A`qfZpdu A_¡ A¡L$ cpNdp„ `qfZpd A¡hy„
L$ë`sp sp¡ Öìe_p¡ S> _pi \B Åe A_¡ s¡ Öìe Öh¡ `Z _l] s¡\u s¡_y„ L$p¡C S> L$pe® _ dp_sp„
Öìe`Zp_p¡ S> _pi \B Åe. Ap fus¡ D`pv$p_\u L$pe®_¡ rcß dp_sp„ ApL$piLy$kydhs¹, Öìe_y„ S>
A[õsÒh _l] fl¡ A_¡ s¡_p L$pe®_y„ `Z A[õsÒh _rl fl¡.
dpV$¡ Ap S> fus¡ kdS>hy„ L¡$ D`pv$p_ `p¡s¡ S> L$pe®ê$ ¡ `qfZd¡g R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u s¡ `qfZpddp„
|Z® D`pv$p_ lpS>f S> R>¡ A\p®s¹ `qfZpd (L$pe®) `p¡s¡ D`pv$p__y„ S> b_¡g R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡ `ep®e R>¡
s¡ Öìe_u S> b_¡g R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ Öìe_y„ S> hs®dp_ R>¡. s¡\u S> s¡_¡ ÖìeÖ[óV$\u Å¡sp„, Ðep„ dpÓ Öìe
S> S>Zpe R>¡-rÓL$pmu °yh S> S>Zpe R>¡, Ðep„ s¡_u hs®dp_ Ahõ\p (`ep®e) Np¥Z \B Åe R>¡ A_¡
s¡_¡ S> ÖìeÖ[óV$ L$l¡hpe R>¡. Äepf¡ `ep®eÖ[óV$dp„, s¡ S> Öìe_¡ s¡_u hs®dp_ Ahõ\p\u A\p®s¹
`ep®e\u S> Å¡hpdp„ Aphsp„ Öìe Np¥Z \B Åe R>¡, Öìe S>Zpsy„ S> _\u, |Z®Öìe dpÓ `ep®eê$`
21
S> cpk¡ R>¡. Aphu S> dy¿e Np¥Z_u ìehõ\p R>¡, Ap rkhpe buÆ L$p¡C Acph_u ìehõ\p _\u S>
L$pfZ L¡$ AM„X$-Ac¡v$ Öìedp„ L$p¡C`Z A„i_p¡ Acph BÃR>sp |Z® Öìe_p¡ S> Acph \B Åe R>¡-
gp¡ \C Åe R>¡; s¡\u Acph A¡V$g¡ dy¿e-Np¥Z, AÞe\p _rl.
Np\p 89:- AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡d hõsy õhs:rkÙ R>¡ s¡ S> âdpZ¡ A¡ õhs: `qfZd_iug `Z
R>¡, A¡V$gp dpV$¡ Al]-A¡ ks¹ r_ed\u DÐ`pv$, ìee A_¡ °p¥ìeõhê$` R>¡.''
cphp\®:- ""S>¥_v$i®_dp„ S>¡d hõsy_p¡ kv$cph õhs:rkÙ dpÞep¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡ hõsy _p¡
¼epf¡e _pi \sp¡ _\u A_¡ s¡ A ¡npA¡ s¡ °yh R>¡-r_Ðe R>¡) s¡d S> s¡_¡ `qfZd_iug `Z dpÞep¡
R>¡ (A\p®s¹ Öìe `p¡s¡ S> `ep®eê$ ¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡), dpV$¡ ks¹ `p¡s¡ S> r_ed\u DÐ`pv$[õ\rsc„Nde R>¡
(A\p®s¹ dpV$u `p¡s¡ S> t`X$`Ï„ R>p¡X$u_¡ OX$pê$` \pe R>¡). A\p®s¹ ks¹ õhs:rkÙ lp¡hp\u °p¥ìede A_¡
`qfZd_iug lp¡hp\u DÐ`pv$-ìeede R>¡. A¡ âdpZ¡ âÐe¡L$ hõsy rÓsepÐdL$ (DÐ`pv$ìee °p¥ìede)
R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ L$p¡B A¡d L$l¡ L¡$ Å¡ Öìe_¡ S> `qfZpdê$` dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ `qfZpd_p _pi¡ Öìe_p¡
`Z _pi \B S>i¡, sp¡ s¡hy„ _\u, L$pfZ L¡$ DÐ`pv$-ìee s¡ Öìe_p¡ _\u `f„sy Öìe_u Ahõ\p_p¡ R>¡
A\p®s¹ s¡ Öìe S> `p¡s¡ t`X$`Ï„ R>p¡X$u_¡ OX$p`Ï„ ^pfZ L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ Ðep„ t`X$_p¡ ìee A_¡ OX$p_p¡ DÐ`pv$
L$l¡hpe R>¡ `Z s¡ bß¡dp„ fl¡g dpV$u`Zp_p¡ _pi L$p¡C L$pm¡ \sp¡ _\u A_¡ s¡\u S> s¡_¡ rÓL$pmu °yh
A\hp A`qfZpdu L$l¡hpe R>¡, _rl L¡$ AÞe L$p¡C fus¡.
Np\p 90:- AÞhep\®:- ""`f„sy A¡ ks¹ `Z `qfZpd rh_p DÐ`pv$, [õ\rs, c„Nê$` \B iL$sy„
_\u L$pfZ L¡$ -A¡d dp_sp„ S>Nsdp„ Aks¹_p¡ S>Þd (ApL$pi_p awg_p¡ S>Þd) A_¡ ks¹_p¡ rh_pi
(TpX$ `f_p awg_p¡ rh_pi) v$yr_®hpf \B S>i¡.''
cphp\®:- ""ks¹, L¡$hm õhs:rkÙ A_¡ `qfZd_iug lp¡hp_p L$pfZ\u S> DÐ`pv$, [õ\rs
s\p c„Nde dp_hpdp„ Apìey„ R>¡, A\p®s¹ A¡ ÓZ¡ Ahõ\pAp¡ R>¡, L$pfZ L¡$ ârskde ks¹_u
Ahõ\pAp¡dp„ DÐ`pv$, ìee, °p¥ìe \ep L$f¡ R>¡ `Z L¡$hg ks¹dp„ _rl, s¡\u (c¡v$_e¡) DÐ`pv$, ìee,
°p¥ìe_¡ ks¹_p `qfZpd L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡; Å¡ A¡d _ dp_sp„ ks¹dp„ S> DÐ`pv$, ìee A_¡ °p¥ìe
dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ Aks¹_u DÐ`rÑ s\p ks¹_p rh_pi_p¡ v$yr_®hpf (r_hpfu _ iL$pe A¡hp¡) âk„N
Aphi¡.''
Np\p 91:- AÞhep\®:- ""A¡V$gp dpV$¡ r_òe\u Öìe L$\„rQs¹ L$p¡B Ahõ\pê$`\u DÐ`Þ_ \pe
R>¡ s\p L$p¡B AÞe Ahõ\p\u _óV$ \pe R>¡ `f„sy `fdp\® Z¡ (Öìepr\®L$_e¡) r_òe\u A¡ b„_¡ S> _\u
A\p®s¹ Öìe _ sp¡ DÐ`Þ_ \pe R>¡ s\p _ _óV$ \pe R>¡.''
„QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u hõsyìehõ\p v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje22
A\p®s¹ ÖìeÖ[óV$\u sp¡ s¡ r_Ðe rÓL$pmu- °yhê$ ¡ S> S>Zpe R>¡ s¡dp„ L$p¡C DÐ`pv$-ìee S>Zpsp
S> _\u L$pfZ L¡$ s¡_p D`f Ö[óV$ S> _\u, Ö[óV$ L¡$hm rÓL$pmu- °yh Öìe `f S> R>¡ s¡\u DÐ`pv$, ìee
Np¥Z \B Åe R>¡ A_¡ r_ÐeÐh dy¿e \B Åe R>¡, Ap S> fus R>¡ `ep®e_p Acph_u.
cphp\®:- ""s¡\u Öìe, `ep®epr\®L$_e_u A ¡npA¡ _hu_ _hu_ Ahõ\pê$`\u DÐ`Þ_ s\p
|h® |h® Ahõ\pAp¡\u _óV$ L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ `f„sy Öìepr\®L$_e\u Öìe, _ sp¡ _óV$ \pe R>¡ ANf _
DÐ`Þ_ \pe R>¡.'' Ap cph_¡ A ¡npA¡ °yhcph, A`qfZpdu cph `Z L$lu iL$pe R>¡ `f„sy A¡L$p„s¡
_l].
Np\p 108:- AÞhep\®:- ""S>¥__p¡ Ap rkÙp„s R>¡ L¡$ S>¡d Öìe r_Ðe-Ar_ÐepÐdL$ R>¡ s¡ S>
âdpZ¡ NyZ `Z `p¡sp_p Öìe\u Arcß lp¡hp_p L$pfZ¡ r_Ðe-Ar_ÐepÐdL$ R>¡ A¡d kdS>hy„.''
cphp\®:- ""....ÖìeÖ[óV$A¡ s¡ NyZp¡ `fõ`fdp„ s\p Öìe\u Arcß S> R>¡....''
Np\p 110:- AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡d op_, OV$_p ApL$pf\u `V$_p ApL$pfê$` \hp_p L$pfZ¡
`qfZd_iug R>¡ sp¡ iy„ s¡_y„ op_`Ï„ _óV$ \B Åe R>¡? Å¡ s¡ op_Ðh _óV$ \sy„ _\u, sp¡ s¡ A ¡npA¡
r_Ðe L¡$d rkÙ _rl \pe? A\p®s¹ Ahíe S> (r_Ðe rkÙ) \i¡.''
AÓ¡ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ L$p¡B A¡d L$l¡ L¡$ op_NyZ sp¡ AL$b„ -Ly$V$õ\-A`qfZpdu fl¡ R>¡ A_¡
s¡dp„\u op__u `ep®e _uL$m¡ R>¡, sp¡ A¡hu dpÞesp\u sp¡ op_NyZ_p¡ S> Acph \B S>i¡ L$pfZ L¡$
op_NyZ `qfZd_iug R>¡, A\p®s¹ op_NyZ `p¡s¡ L$p¡C _¡ L$p¡C L$pe® hNf fl¡sp¡ S> _\u, s¡ op_NyZ
`p¡s¡ S> s¡ L$pe®ê$ ¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡, A\p®s¹ õh`f_¡ ÅZhpê$ ¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ õh`fê$` ârstbb_¡
Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> kpdpÞe`Zp\u op_NyZ A¡hp¡ _¡ A¡hp¡ S> S>Zpe R>¡ s¡\u L$l¡hpe R>¡ L¡$ s¡ op_`Zp_y„
Dëg„O_ L$fsp¡ S> _\u, s¡ A ¡npA¡ s¡_¡ Ly$V$õ\ A\hp A`qfZpdu L$lu iL$pe. AÞe\p _rl.
cphp\®:- ""OV$_¡ R>p¡X$u_¡ `V$_¡ A_¡ `V$_¡ R>p¡X$u_¡ AÞe `v$p\®_¡ ÅZsu h¡mp op_
`ep®epr\®L$_e\u AÞeê$` L$l¡hpsp„ R>sp„ `Z s¡_y„ op_`Ï„ Dëg„O_ L$fsy„ _\u `f„sy kpdpÞe`Zp\u
(A\p®s¹ s¡ ârstbb_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S>¡ cph fl¡ s¡_¡ S> s¡_y„ kpdpÞe L$l¡hpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ rhi¡j kpdpÞe_y„
S> b_¡g lp¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ `ep®eê$` rhi¡j Öìeê$` kpdpÞe_y„ S> b_¡g lp¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ rhi¡j_¡ =
`ep®e_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> kpdpÞe = Öìe_u A_yc|rs \pe R>¡) r_f„sf ""$VXodoX§''-s¡ S> Ap R>¡. A\p®s¹
Ap s¡ S> op_ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_u `l¡gp„ s¡ `ep®e lsu A_¡ lpg Ap `ep®e R>¡ (A\p®s¹ op_ S> = op_NyZ
S> s¡ `ep®eê$` `qfZd¡g R>¡). A¡hu âsurs \pe R>¡, dpV$¡ op_ÐhkpdpÞe_u A ¡npA¡ op_ r_Ðe R>¡.
S>¡dL¡$-''
Np\p 111:- AÞhep\®:- ""s¡_y„ Dv$plfZ Ap R>¡ L¡$ -S>¡d r_òe\u Apd°amdp„ ê$` _pd_p¡
23
NyZ `qfZd_ L$fsp¡ L$fsp¡ lqfsdp„\u `ump¡ \B Åe R>¡ sp¡ iy„ A¡V$gpdp„ s¡_p hZ® Zp_p¡ _pi \B
Åe R>¡? A\p®s¹ _\u \sp¡. A¡V$gp dpV$¡ s¡ hZ® Ï„ r_Ðe R>¡.'' Aphp¡ R>¡ S>¥_ rkÙp„s _p¡ rÓL$pmu °yh.
cphp\®:- ""....kpdpÞe`Z¡ sp¡ hZ® Ï„ sp¡ s¡_y„ s¡ S> R>¡, A¡ (hZ®kpdpÞe`Ï„) L$p„C _óV$
\B Ney„ _\u, A¡V$gp dpV$¡ hZ®kpdpÞe_u A ¡npA¡ s¡ hZ®NyZ r_Ðe S> R>¡.'' Ap fus¡ kpdpÞe_u
A ¡npA¡ s¡_¡ Ly$V$õ\ A\hp A`qfZpdu L$lu iL$pe AÞe\p _tl, AÞe\p dp_sp„ S>¥_ rkÙp„s_u
rh{$Ù A\p®s¹ AÞedsu rdÕepÐhê$` `qfZdu S>i¡ L¡$ S>¡ A_„sk„kpf_y„ L$pfZ b_i¡.
Np\p 112:- AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡d hõsy (Öìe) `qfZd_iug R>¡ s¡ S> âdpZ¡ NyZp¡ `Z
`qfZd_iug R>¡ (AÞe\p dp_sp„ rdÕepÐh_p¡ Dv$e kdS>hp¡) A¡V$gp dpV$¡ r_òe\u NyZp¡_p `Z
DÐ`pv$-ìee b„_¡ \pe R>¡.''
cphp\®:- ""s¡\u S>¡d Öìe, `qfZpdu R>¡ s¡d Öìe\u Arcß fl¡hphpmp„ NyZp¡ `Z `qfZpdu
R>¡, A_¡ s¡ `qfZpdu lp¡hp\u s¡dp„ ârskde DÐ`pv$-ìee (L$p¡C _¡ L$p¡C L$pe®) `Z \ep S> L$f¡ R>¡; A_¡
A¡ eyr¼s\u NyZp¡dp„ DÐ`pv$-ìee lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ Ar_Ðe `Z L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡, kpfp„i L¡$-''
Np\p 113:- AÞhep\®:- ""A¡V$gp dpV$¡ S>¡d op_ _pd_p¡ NyZ kpdpÞeê$`\u r_Ðe R>¡ s\p
A¡ S> âdpZ¡ OV$_¡ R>p¡X$u_¡ `V$_¡ ÅZsp„, op_ _óV$ A_¡ DÐ`Þ_ê$` `Z R>¡ A\p®s¹ Ar_Ðe `Z R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ D`pv$p_ R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡ Öìe A\hp NyZ R>¡ s¡ õhe„ S> L$pe®ê$ ¡
`qfZd¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ L$pe® A ¡npA¡ s¡ Ar_Ðe R>¡ A_¡ D`pv$p_ A ¡npA¡ r_Ðe R>¡, Aphy„ õhê$` R>¡
r_Ðe-Ar_Ðe_y„, AÞe\p _tl. Å¡ L$p¡B Ap õhê$`\u rh`fus ^pfZp krls `p¡sp_¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$ dp_sp„
lp¡e A\hp d_phsp lp¡e sp¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ r_ed\u c°ddp„ S> kdS>hp„ L$pfZ L¡$- c°d_u `Z ip„rs A_¡
Ap_„v$ h¡v$pe R>¡, s¡\u s¡hp Æhp¡_¡ Å¡ A_„s k„kpf\u bQhy„ lp¡e sp¡ Adpfu rh_„rs R>¡ L¡$ Ap` Ap`_u
^pfZp kçeN¹ L$fu gp¡.
cphp\®:- ""S>¡ kde¡ op_ OV$_¡ R>p¡X$u_¡ `V$_¡ rhje L$fhp gpN¡ R>¡ s¡ kde¡ `ep®epr\®L$Ö[óV$A¡
OV$op__p¡ ìee A_¡ `V$op__p¡ DÐ`pv$ \hp\u op__¡ Ar_Ðe L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. s\p A¡ S> kde¡
`ep®epr\®L$_e_u Np¥Zsp A_¡ Öìepepr\®L$_e_u dy¿espA¡ (kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¥_ rkÙp„s_u sdpd
hpsp¡ dy¿e-Np¥Z A ¡npA¡ S> lp¡e R>¡, A¡L$p„s¡ _rl. s¡\u S>¡Ap¡ A¡L$p„s_p ApN°lu R>¡ s¡Ap¡ D`f
S>Zpìep„ A_ykpf r_ed\u rdÕepÐhu R>¡, A_„s k„kpfu R>¡, s¡\u s¡hu ^pfZp lp¡e sp¡ dl¡fbp_u
L$fu_¡, `p¡sp D`f v$ep ApZu _¡ ÐhfpA¡ `p¡sp_u ^pfZp W$uL$ L$fu g¡hu AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡) Å¡sp„
OV$op_ A_¡ `V$op_ê$` b„_¡ Ahõ\pAp¡dp„ op_`Ï„ kpdpÞe lp¡hp\u (A\p®s¹ s¡ Ahõ\pAp¡
op_NyZ_u S> b_¡g R>¡ s¡\u s¡ Ahõ\pAp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> A\p®s¹ o¡epL$pfp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> Ðep„
„QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u hõsyìehõ\p v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje24
op_NyZ kpnps¹ lpS>f S> R>¡ s¡hu S> fus¡ Öìedp„ `Z Ahõ\pAp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> kpnps¹ Öìe
lpS>f S> R>¡- |Z® Öìe Ahõ\pAp¡ ê$ ¡ S> ìe¼s \pe R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ kpdpÞeê$ ¡ Öìe R>¡ s¡_¡ S> Aìe¼s
L$l¡hpe R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u s¡ ìe¼s, Aìe¼s_y„ S> b_¡gy„ R>¡) op__¡ °p¥ìe A\p®s¹ r_Ðe (Aphp¡ R>¡ S>¥_
rkÙp„s _p¡ rÓL$pmu °yh cNhp_ ApÐdp) `Z L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. (Aphy„ R>¡ S>¥_ rkÙp„s_y„ rÓL$pmu °yh-
Ly$V$õ\-A`qfZpdu, AÞe\p _rl.) A¡V$gp dpV$¡ A ¡nphpv$\u op_NyZ L$\„rQs¹ r_Ðe-Ar_ÐepÐdL$
rkÙ \pe R>¡, `Z A¡L$p„shpv$\u _rl.'' A\p®s¹ S>¡Ap¡_¡ A¡L$p„s_p¡ S> ApN°l R>¡ s¡Ap¡A¡ `p¡sp D`f v$ep
ApZu ÐhfpA¡ s¡ A¡L$p„s_p¡ ApN°l-`n R>p¡X$u, e\p\® ^pfZp L$fu g¡hu AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡. Ap S>
hps ApNm h y ÖY$ \pe R>¡. S>¡d L¡$-
Np\p 117:- AÞhep\®:- ""NyZp¡ r_Ðe R>¡ sp¡ Z s¡ r_òe\u `p¡sp_p õhcph\u S> âÐe¡L$
kde¡ `qfZd_ L$fsp„ fl¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ `qfZd_ `Z A¡ NyZp¡_u S> Ahõ\p R>¡ `Z NyZp¡_u kÑp\u
s¡_u kÑp (ks¹) L$p„C rcß _\u.''
s¡\u A¡L$ kÑp_p b¡, ÓZ, Qpf... ks¹ dp_hphpmp Å¡ A ¡npA¡ kdS>¡ sp¡ hp„ p¡ _\u `f„sy
ks¹ A\p®s¹ kÑp A¡L$ Öìe_u hpõsrhL$ (Mf¡Mf) Ac¡v$-AM„X$ A¡L$ S> lp¡e R>¡, c¡v$ A ¡npA¡ A¡L$
kÑp_p b¡, ÓZ, Qpf... ks¹ L$l¡hpe `f„sy s¡d A¡L$p„s¡ d_pe _rl.
cphp\®:- ""NyZp¡_u ârskde \hphpmu Ahõ\p_y„ _pd S> `ep®e R>¡, `ep®ep¡_u kÑp (ks¹)
L„$C NyZp¡\u rcß _\u dpV$¡ Öìe_u dpaL$ A¡ NyZp¡ `Z NyZ_u Ö[óV$A¡ r_Ðe s\p `p¡sp_u `ep®eê$`
Ahõ\pAp¡\u DÐ`Þ_ s\p _óV$ \hp_p L$pfZ\u Ar_Ðe L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.....''
A¡V$g¡ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ Å¡ L$p¡B Öìe A_¡ `ep®e_p âv$¡i rcß dp_sp„ lp¡e sp¡ s¡_p
õhQsyóV$e_u A ¡npA¡ L$lu iL$pe `f„sy hpõsrhL$ âv$¡i c¡v$ _\u, s¡\u A¡hu A¡L$p„s ^pfZp Æh_¡
rdÕepÖ[óV$ b_ph¡ R>¡. s¡\u rh^p_ L$p¡C`Z lp¡e sp¡ s¡_u A ¡np kdÆ_¡ bp¡ghy„ A\hp dp_hy„, A¡L$p„s¡
_rl, AÞe\p Aphu hpsp¡ A_¡L$ gp¡L$p¡_p A^:`s__y„ L$pfZ b_¡ R>¡; s¡\u Aphp A¡L$p„s âê$`Zp_p
ApN°lu rdÕepÖ[óV$Ap¡\u v$|f S> fl¡hy„ AphíeL$ R>¡, AÞe\p Ap` `p¡s¡ `Z A_„sk„kpfu rdÕepÖ[óV$ê$`
A_„s v$y:Mp¡_y„ Of b_ip¡.
Ap L$pfZ¡ Aphp A¡L$p„s ApN°lu gp¡L$p¡_¡ Adpfu âp\®_p R>¡ L¡$ Ap` L$p¡C`Z rh^p__u A ¡np
kdÄep hNf A¡L$p„s¡ N°lZ L$fu, A¡L$p„s_p¡ ApN°l ^fu Å¡ S>¥_ipk__y„ cgy„ L$fhp BÃR>sp lp¡ sp¡, s¡
Ap`_u dlp_ c|gê$` S> R>¡, s¡ sp¡ S>¥_ipk__p A^:`s__y„ S> r_rdÑ b_i¡ A_¡ L¡$V$gpe Æhp¡_p
A^:`s__y„ L$pfZ `Z b_i¡. A_¡ s¡ kh£_p A^:`s__u S>hpbv$pfu Aphp A¡L$p„s âê$`Zp A_¡
A¡L$p„s_p¡ ApN°l L$fhphpmpAp¡_u S> R>¡ s¡\u s¡Ap¡_u v$ip rhi¡ rhQpfu _¡ Adp¡_¡ M|b S> L$~Zp D`S>¡
R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S> L$pfZ¡ Adp¡_¡ AÓ¡ ApV$gy„ Ar^L$ õ`róV$L$fZ L$fhp_u S>~f Dcu \e¡g R>¡.
25
Np\p 119:- AÞhep\®:- ""NyZp¡_¡ sv¹$hõ\ (A\p®s¹ A`qfZpdu-Ly$V$õ\), s¡_p Ahõ\p„sf_¡
`ep®e s\p b„_¡_p dÝehs}_¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡ b„_¡ dmu_¡) Öìe, A¡ i„L$pL$pf_y„ L$l¡hy„ W$uL$ _\u. L$pfZ L¡$ S>¡d
k„ |Z® NyZ_u Ahõ\pAp¡ Apd°¡qX$s \C_¡ A\p®s¹ A¡L$ Apgp`\u y_: y_: ârs`pqv$s \B_¡
(A_yõeyrs\u fQpe¡g `ep®ep¡_p¡ âhpl s¡ S> Öìe) hõsy A\p®s¹ Öìe L$l¡hpe R>¡. s¡ S> âdpZ¡ s¡_u
A¡ Ahõ\pAp¡\u rcß (A\p®s¹ `ep®ep¡\u rcß) L$p¡C`Z rcßkÑphpmu hõsy (A\p®s¹ Öìe = °p¥ìe)
L$lu iL$psu _\u.''
Ap_p¡ A\® õ`óV$ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ Öìe R>¡ s¡ S> `ep®epr\®L$_e_u A ¡npA¡ `ep®e R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ `ep®e
R>¡ s¡ S> Öìepr\®L$_e_u A ¡npA¡ Öìe R>¡. s¡ b„_¡ rcß _ lp¡hp„ R>sp„ A ¡npA¡ (âdpZÖ[óV$A¡) s¡_¡
L$\„rQs¹ rcß L$lu iL$pe R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u S> s¡_p âv$¡ip¡ `Z A ¡npA¡ rcß L$lu iL$pe R>¡ AÞe\p _rl,
kh®\p _rl; hpõshdp„ sp¡ Ðep„ L$p¡C c¡v$ S> _\u, c¡v$ ê$` ìehlpf sp¡ dpÓ kdÅhhp dpV$¡ S> R>¡,
r_òe_e¡ sp¡ Öìe Ac¡v$ S> R>¡.
cphp\®:- ""ks¹_u k„ |Z® Ahõ\pAp¡ S> afu afu ârs`pqv$s \B_¡ hõsy L$l¡hpe R>¡ (A\p®s¹
k„ |Z® `ep®ep¡_p¡ kd|l S> hõsy R>¡, Öìe R>¡), `f„sy hõsy `p¡sp_u Ahõ\pAp¡\u L$p„B rcß _\u. (AÓ¡
S>¡Ap¡ hõsydp„ A`qfZpdu A_¡ `qfZpd A¡hp rhcpNp¡ dp_sp„ lp¡e s¡Ap¡_y„ r_fpL$fZ L$f¡g R>¡ A\p®s¹
s¡hu dpÞesp rdÕepÐh_p Of_u R>¡) A¡V$gp dpV$¡ S>¡d NyZde Öìe lp¡hp\u Öìe A_¡ NyZp¡dp„ õhê$`c¡v$
\sp¡ _\u, s¡ S> âdpZ¡ Öìe_u Ahõ\pAp¡ S> NyZ_u Ahõ\pAp¡ L$l¡hpe R>¡. dpV$¡ Öìe `Z s¡_u
`ep®ep¡\u rcß _\u (âv$¡ic¡v$ _\u), s¡\u NyZ_¡ sv¹$hõ\ (A`qfZpdu) s\p Ahõ\pÞsfp¡_¡ `ep®e
dp_u A¡ b„ß¡_p L$p¡C dÝehs}_¡ Sy>v$y„ Öìe dp_hy„ A¡ W$uL$ _\u. A¡V$gp dpV$¡''
Np\p 120:- AÞhep\®:- ""r_ed\u S>¡ NyZp¡ `qfZd_iug lp¡hp_p L$pfZ\u (AÓ¡ gndp„
g¡hy„ AphíeL$ R>¡ L¡$ NyZp¡_¡ r_ed\u `qfZd_iug L$üp R>¡ s¡dp„ L$p¡C A`hpv$ _\u A_¡ buSy>„, lp¡hp_p
L$pfZ¡ L$üy„ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ ÓZ¡ L$pm¡ s¡ S> fus¡ R>¡) DÐ`pv$ìeede L$l¡hpe R>¡, s¡ S> NyZp¡ V$„L$p¡ÐL$uZ®
Þepe\u(A\p®s¹ s¡ NyZp¡ AÞe NyZê$` \sp„ _ lp¡hp_p L$pfZ¡) `p¡sp_p õhê$`_¡ L$v$u `Z Dëg„O_ L$fsp„
_\u s¡\u s¡ r_Ðe L$l¡hpe R>¡.'' V$„L$p¡ÐL$uZ®_p¡ A\® kpdpÞeê$`\u A¡hp¡_¡ A¡hp¡ S> fl¡ R>¡ A¡d gu ¡g
R>¡, L$p¡B buÆ fus¡ A\p®s¹ A`qfZpdu hN¡f¡ ê$` _tl.
buSy>„ AÓ¡ L$p¡B A¡d kdS>¡ L¡$ Aphu sp¡ yv¹$Ng Öìe_u ìehõ\p cg¡ lp¡ `f„sy ÆhÖìe_u hps
sp¡ r_fpmu S> R>¡, sp¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ Ad¡ S>ZphuA¡ R>uA¡ L¡$ dpÓ yv¹$Ng Öìe S> _rl, `f„sy R> A¡ Öìe_u
ÖìeNyZ`ep®eê$` A\hp sp¡ DÐ`pv$ìee °yhê$` hõsyìehõ\p sp¡ A¡L$ kdp_ S> R>¡. Å¡ Æh Öìe_u L$p¡B
AÞe ìehõ\p lp¡s, sp¡ cNhp_¡ A_¡ ApQpe®cNh„sp¡A¡ ip÷p¡dp„ S>~f S>Zphu S> lp¡s, `Z s¡hy„ _
„QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u hõsyìehõ\p v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje26
lp¡hp\u S> L$p„C S>Zph¡g _\u; s¡\u L$fu_¡ Aphp rdÕepÐhê$` ApN°l _¡ R>p¡X$u hõsyìehõ\p S>¡d R>¡,
s¡d S> dp_hu AphíeL$ R>¡ AÞe\p s¡ Æh¡ A_„sk„kpfu, A_„sv$y:Mu \hp_¡ S> Apd„ÓZ Ap ¡g R>¡,
L¡$ S>¡_p D`f_p L$~Zpcph\u S> Ap gMpC füy„ R>¡.
cphp\®:- ""`qfZd__u A ¡npA¡ S>¡ NyZp¡ DÐ`pv$ìee ey¼s L$l¡hpe R>¡ s¡ S> NyZp¡
NyZÐhkpdpÞe_u A ¡npA¡ r_Ðe L$l¡hpe R>¡. A¡ b„_¡ A ¡npAp¡\u Öìe\u Arcßê$` NyZp¡ `Z
DÐ`pv$ìee A_¡ °p¥ìeey¼s L$üp R>¡....''
dpV$udp„ L$p¡B NyZ _pi \pe R>¡ A_¡ L$p¡B NyZ DÐ`Þ_ \pe R>¡ A¡hu i„L$p ìe¼s L$fsp„ ApQpe®
cNh„s ApNm_u Np\pdp„ S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡$-
Np\p 123:- AÞhep\®:- ""A¡ rhjedp„ Ap DÑf W$uL$ R>¡ L¡$ A¡ d©rsL$p_y„ (dpV$u_y„ `pL$p
hpkZê$` \hp_y„) A¡d \sp„ iy„ s¡_y„ d©rsL$p`Ï„ (dpV$u`Ï„), _pi \B Åe R>¡? Å¡ (s¡_y„ d©rsL$p`Ï„)
_óV$ _\u \sy„ sp¡ s¡ r_Ðeê$` L¡$d _ lp¡e?''A\p®s¹ s¡ A ¡npA¡ Öìe r_Ðe R>¡, °yh R>¡ AÞe\p _rl.
cphp\®:- ""L$pQu dpV$u_¡ `L$phsp„ â\d_p dpV$u k„b„ u (b^p) NyZp¡ _óV$ \B _hu_ `¼hNyZ
¡v$p \pe R>¡. Ap âdpZ¡ dp_hphpmp_¡ dpV$¡ Ap DÑf W$uL$ L¡$- d©rsL$p_u OV$pqv$ Ahõ\p \sp„, iy„ s¡_y„
©Õhu`Ï„-d©rsL$p`Ï„ `Z _óV$ \B Åe R>¡? Å¡ s¡ d©rsL$p`Ï„ _pi _\u `pdsy„, sp¡ s¡ d©rsL$p`Ï„ iy„
r_Ðe _\u?''A\p®s¹ r_Ðe S> R>¡, Ap A ¡npA¡ Öìe_¡ r_Ðe, °yh hN¡f¡ L$l¡hpe R>¡.
lh¡ i„L$pL$pf i„L$p L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$ Å¡ Öìe A_¡ `ep®e _¡ kh®\p rcß dp_hpdp„ ip¡ v$p¡j R>¡? DÑf-
Np\p 142:- AÞhep\®:- ""A\hp A_y iåv$ _p¡ A\® R>¡ L¡$-S>¡ hQdp„ L$v$u `Z õMrgs _rl
\hphpmp âhpl\u (A_yõeyrs\u fQpe¡g `ep®ep¡_p¡ âhpl s¡ S> Öìe) hs} füp lp¡e, s\p "Aers'
A¡ q¾$ep`v$ Nrs A\®hpmu "Ae' ^psy_y„ ê$` R>¡ dpV$¡ Arh[ÃR>ß âhplê$`\u S>¡ Nd_ L$fu füy„ R>¡ s¡
AÞh\®_u A ¡npA¡ AÞhe iåv$_p¡ A\® Öìe R>¡.''
cphp\®:- ""....A\p®s¹ S>¡ r_f„sf `p¡sp_u DÑfp¡Ñf \hphpmu `ep®ep¡dp„ Nd_ L$f¡ s¡ Öìe R>¡
(A\p®s¹ Öìe `ep®ep¡dp„ S> Ry>`pA¡g R>¡). Nrs "AÞhe' iåv$ "A_y' D`kN® |h®L$ NÐe\®L$ "Ae'
^psy\u bÞep¡ R>¡, Öìe_u Ap ìeyÐ`rÑ AÞhe iåv$dp„ kpfu fus¡ OV$u iL¡$ R>¡. S>¡d L¡$ "A_y' -
Aìey[ÃR>ß âhplê$`\u S>¡ `p¡sp_u ârskde \hphpmu `ep®ep¡dp„ bfpbf "Aers' A¡V$g¡ Nd_ L$fsp¡
lp¡e s¡_¡ AÞhe L$l¡ R>¡, s¡\u AÞhe A_¡ A_¡ Öìe A¡ b„_¡ `ep®ehpQL$ iåv$p¡ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ `ep®ep¡_p¡
S>¡ âhplê$` kd|l R>¡ s¡ S> ks¹ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S> Öìe R>¡. A¡V$g¡ S>¡ `ep®ep¡ R>¡ s¡dp„ S> Öìe Ry>`pe¡gy„ Nrs
L$f¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡ `ep®e R>¡ s¡ Öìe_u S> b_¡g R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u S> `ep®ep¡_¡ ìersf¡L$ = rhi¡j = ìe¼s
A_¡ Öìe _¡ AÞheê$` = kpdpÞe = Aìe¼s L$l¡hpe R>¡.
27
Np\p 159:- AÞhep\®:- ""kpfp„i A¡ R>¡ L¡$ r_òe\u NyZ õhe„rkÙ R>¡ s\p `qfZdu `Z
R>¡, s¡\u s¡ r_Ðe A_¡ Ar_Ðeê$` lp¡hp\u cgpâL$pf¡ DÐ`pv$, ìee A_¡ °p¡ìepÐdL$ `Z R>¡.''
cphp\®:- ""A_pqv$k„sp_ê$`\u S>¡ Öìe_u kp\¡ A_yNd_ L$f¡ R>¡ s¡ NyZ R>¡. Al] "A_pqv$'
A¡ rhi¡jZ\u õhe„rkÙ, "k„sp_ê$`' A¡ rhi¡jZ\u `qfZd_iug s\p "A_yNsp\®' A¡ rhi¡jZ\u
r_f„sf Öìe_u kp\¡ fl¡hphpmp, A¡hp¡ A\® rkÙ \pe R>¡. kpfp„i A¡ R>¡ L¡$- âÐe¡L$ Öìe_p NyZp¡
õhe„rkÙ A_¡ r_f„sf Öìe_u kp\¡ fl¡hphpmp R>¡ s¡\u sp¡ s¡_¡ r_Ðe A¡V$g¡ °p¡ìepÐdL$ L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡
R>¡, s\p ârskde `qfZd_iug R>¡ s¡\u s¡_¡ Ar_Ðe hp DÐ`pv$ìeepÐdL$ L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. A¡
âdpZ¡ k„ |Z® NyZp¡ DÐ`pv$, ìee A_¡ °p¡ìepÐdL$ R>¡.'' Aphu R>¡ S>¥_rkÙp„s_u hõsyìehõ\p.
Np\p 178:- AÞhep\®:- ""kpfp„i A¡ R>¡ L¡$- S>¡d Öìe r_ed\u õhs:rkÙ R>¡ s¡ S> âdpZ¡
s¡ `qfZd_iug `Z R>¡ s¡\u s¡ Öìe ârskde hpf„hpf âv$u` (v$u`L$_u) riMp_u dpaL$ `qfZd_
L$fsy„ S> fl¡ R>¡.''
cphp\®:- ""A\p®s¹- S>¡d Öìe, õhs:rkÙ lp¡hp\u r_Ðe-A_pqv$A_„s R>¡ s¡ S> âdpZ¡ s¡
`qfZd_iug lp¡hp\u âv$u`riMp_u (v$u`L$_u) dpaL$ ârskde k×i `qfZd_ `Z L$fsy„ S> fl¡ R>¡,
s¡\u s¡ Ar_Ðe `Z R>¡. A_¡ s¡_y„ s¡ `qfZd_ |h®- |h® cph_p rh_pi |h®L$ (dpV$u_p t`X$_p
rh_pi |h®L$) s\p DÑf-DÑf cph_p DÐ`pv$\u (dpV$u_p OX$p_p DÐ`pv$\u) \sy„ fl¡ R>¡ s¡\u Öìe,
L$\„rQs¹ r_Ðe-Ar_ÐepÐdL$ L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. [A¡L$ S> hõsy_p b¡ õhcph R>¡, _l] L¡$ A¡L$ hõsy_p
b¡ cpN-A¡L$ r_Ðe A_¡ buÅ¡ Ar_Ðe- Aphy„ (cpNê$`) dp_hp\u rdÕepÐh_p¡ v$p¡j Aph¡ R>¡] S>¡dL¡$
Æh, d_yóe\u v$¡h`ep®e_¡ âpàs L$fsp„ Öìepr\®L$Ö[óV$A¡ s¡_u v$f¡L$ `ep®ep¡dp„ ÆhÐh k×i (kdp_)
fl¡hp R>sp„ (A\p®s¹ s¡ `ep®e_y„ kpdpÞe s¡ S> ÆhÐh A\p®s¹ Öìe) `Z `ep®epr\®L$Ö[óV$\u v$f¡L$
`ep®ep¡dp„ (s¡_u A¡L$ A¡L$ `ep®ep¡dp„) s¡ L$\„rQs¹ rcßsp_¡ ^pfZ L$f¡ R>¡. A¡ S> âdpZ¡ ârskde
\hphpmp ¾$ddp„ `Z Öìepr\®L$_e\u k×isp fl¡hp R>sp„ (A\p®s¹ s¡ ¾$dê$` `ep®edp„ kpdpÞecphê$ ¡
Öìe lpS>f S> R>¡) `Z `ep®epr\®L$_e\u L$\„rQs¹ rhk×i`Ï„ (AÞe\p`Ï„) `Z Å¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡
(A\p®s¹ s¡ ¾$ddp„ \su `ep®edp„ rhi¡jcphê$ ¡ AÞe-AÞe cph Å¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡). Ap rhjedp„ buSy>„
ÖóV$p„s Np¡fk_y„ `Z Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ S>¡d v$| , v$l], dÌ$p¡ hN¡f¡ v$| _u Ahõ\pAp¡dp„ Öìepr\®L$_e\u
Np¡fk`Zp_u k×isp fl¡hp R>sp„ `ep®epr\®L$_e\u v$| \u v$l] hN¡f¡ Ahõ\pAp¡dp„ L$\„rQs¹ rhk×i`Ï„
`Z Å¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. A¡ âdpZ¡ A_ydp_\u A\hp õhp_ych âÐen\u r_Ðe-Ar_Ðe_u âsurs
\hp\u Å¡ L¡$ ¾$ddp„ `Z L$\„rQs¹ k×isp A_¡ rhk×isp bß¡ lp¡e R>¡ `f„sy s¡d R>sp„ `Z L¡$hm s¡_p¡
„QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u hõsyìehõ\p v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje28
L$pm k|ÿd kdehs} lp¡hp\u s¡ ¾$d ârskde gndp„ Aphsp¡ _\u, s¡\u s¡dp„ AÞe\pÐh (""Ap s¡hy„
_\u'') A_¡ s\pÐh (""Ap s¡hy„ S> R>¡'') _u rhhnp S> L$fu iL$psu _\u. A¡hy„ _\u. ''
S>¡ kde op_ OV$pL$pfdpÓ R>¡ s¡ kde¡ OV$_u ÅZhp_u ep¡Áesp\u A_¡ S>¡ kde¡ gp¡L$pgp¡L$_¡
ÅZ¡ R>¡ s¡ kde¡ s¡hu ep¡Áepsp\u op_NyZdp„ L$p„C h^-OV$ \su _\u dpÓ ANy{gOyNyZ_y„ S> s¡ am
kdS>hy„ ep¡Áe R>¡.
Np\p 193-194-195:- AÞhep\®:- ""i„L$pL$pf_y„ L$l¡hy„ A¡d R>¡ L¡$- A¡ âdpZ¡ dp_sp„
`fdp\®Ö[óV$\u OV$pL$pf A_¡ gp¡L$pL$pfê$` op_ A¡L$ lp¡hp\u DÐ`pv$-ìee- °p¥ìe b_u iL$i¡ _rl A_¡
_ L$p¡B L$p¡B_y„ D`pv$p_L$pfZ s\p _ L$p¡B L$p¡B_y„ L$pe® `Z b_u iL$i¡ s\p NyZ `p¡sp_p A„ip¡\u
(`ep®e\u) L$d (Ap¡R>p) \sp„ v$yb®m A_¡ DÐL$j® \sp„ bmhp_ L¡$d _rl \pe? A¡ âL$pf\u Aphp¡ `Z
OZp¡ cpf¡ A_¡ v$yS>®e v$p¡j Aphi¡, (DÑf:-)Å¡ A¡d L$lp¡ sp¡-A¡d L$l¡hy„ W$uL$ _\u, L$pfZ L¡$ -Öìe_¡
`l¡gp„ kpfu fus¡ `qfZd_iug r_ê$`Z L$ey R>¡ (rkÙ L$ey R>¡) s¡\u s¡dp„ DÐ`pv$, ìee A_¡ °p¥ìe A¡
ÓZ¡ kpfu fus¡ OV$u iL¡$ R>¡. `f„sy s¡\u DgV$p¡ kh®\p r_Ðe hp Ar_Ðe A\® dp_hp\u _rl OV$¡''
A\p®s¹ Å¡ hõsy_p (Öìe_p) b¡ cpN L$ë`hpdp„ Aph¡ L¡$ S>¡dp„_p¡ A¡L$ cpN kh®\p r_Ðe
dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ A_¡ A¡L$ cpN kh®\p Ar_Ðe A\p®s¹ r_Ðe A_¡ Ar_Ðe _¡ hõsy_p cph_u S>ÁepA¡
rhcpN A\hp cpNê$ ¡ L$ë`hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ s¡dp„ DÐ`pv$, ìee, °yh OV$u iL$i¡ _l] A_¡ s¡\u s¡hu
dpÞesp S>¥_ rkÙp„s bpü R>¡ A_¡ rdÕepÐh R>¡ S>¡\u A¡hu ^pfZp L$p¡B_u lp¡e sp¡ s¡ ÐhfpA¡ ky pfu
g¡hu Å¡BA¡, A ¡npA¡ b y„ L$l¡hpe `Z s¡d A¡L$p„s¡ d_pe _rl.
cphp\®:- ""i„L$pL$pf_y„ L$l¡hy„ A¡d R>¡ L¡$- Å¡ AhNpl_NyZ_u rhrQÓsp\u Öìedp„ L¡$hm
ApL$pf\u ApL$pfpÞsf S> \ep L$f¡ R>¡ sp¡ Öìe_u |h®-DÑf Ahõ\pAp¡dp„ Ac¡v$sp lp¡hp_p L$pfZ\u
s¡dp„ (AÓ¡ i„L$pL$pf Öìe-`ep®e ê$` hõsy_¡ A¡L$ Ac¡v$ê$`-A_yõeyrs\u frQs âhplê$` _\u dp_sp„)
DÐ`pv$, ìee, °p¥ìe b_u iL$i¡ _rl s\p L$p¡C`Z âL$pf_p¡ L$pe®-L$pfZ cph (AÓ¡ i„L$pL$pf L$pe®-L$pfZ
cph_¡ c¡v$ ê$` dp_¡ R>¡, rcß dp_¡ R>¡) S> rkÙ \B iL$i¡ _rl. hmu Å¡ NyZp„i_p sv¹$hõ\ fl¡hp
R>sp„ `Z ANy{g yNyZ_p r_rdÑ\u s¡dp„ c|Ðhp-ch_ê$` `qfZd_ \sy„ fl¡ R>¡ (AÓ¡ i„L$pL$pf
°p¥ìe_¡/NyZ_¡ A`qfZpdu dp_¡ R>¡-s¡_¡ ANy{g yNyZ_p r_rdÑ\u `ep®e dp_¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡dp„\u `ep®e
_uL$m¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ °p¥ìe\u/NyZ\u rcß R>¡ A¡hy„ dp_¡ R>¡) sp¡ Ap Ap`rÑ Aphi¡ L¡$ -NyZ `p¡sp_p A„ip¡\u
L$d (Ap¡R>p) \sp v$yb®m A_¡ `p¡sp_p A„ip¡\u h^sp„ bmhp_ iy„ _rl \pe?
s¡_y„ kdp^p_-i„L$pL$pf_y„ D`f âdpZ¡ L$l¡hy„ W$uL$ _\u, L$pfZ L¡$ Ad¡ `l¡gp„ S> õhs:rkÙ
Öìe_¡ kpfu fus¡ `qfZprd rkÙ L$ey R>¡, A\p®s¹ Öìe õhs:rkÙ lp¡hp\u, L$\„rQs¹ r_Ðe-Ar_ÐepÐdL$
Öìedp„ S> DÐ`pv$, ìee, °p¥ìe OV$u iL¡$ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ Öìe `p¡s¡ S> `ep®eê$ ¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u `ep®e
29
Öìe_u S> b_¡g R>¡ A_¡ Öìe `ep®edp„ S> Ry>`pe¡gy„ R>¡. A\p®s¹ `ep®eê$` rhi¡j cph_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„
S> kpdpÞeê$` Öìe A_ychpe R>¡), `Z kh®\p r_Ðe hp Ar_Ðe `v$p\®dp„ _rl.
kpfp„i A¡ R>¡ L¡$ ApL$pf\u ApL$pfpÞsfê$` \hp\u DÐ`pv$, ìee_u A_¡ hõsyspA¡ (kpdpÞecph
A ¡npA¡) sv¹$hõ\ê$` lp¡hp\u °p¡ìep„i_u (kpdpÞecph_u) rkrÙ \pe R>¡. s¡\u D¼s âL$pf\u (Aphu
fus¡) Öìe_¡ L$\„rQs¹ r_Ðepr_ÐepdL$ dp_hp\u DÐ`pv$pqv$Óe_u s\p L$pe®-L$pfZ cph_u rkrÙ _rl
\pe, A¡hu i„L$p r_f\®L$ R>¡. Al] ÖóV$p„s-''
Np\p 196:- AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡d kp¡_p_p A[õsÒhdp„ S> Ly„$X$gpqv$L$ Ahõ\pAp¡ DÐ`Þ_ \pe
R>¡, A_¡ A¡ Ly„$X$gpqv$L$ Ahõ\pAp¡ \hp\u S> r_ed\u DÐ`pv$pqv$L$ ÓZ¡ rkÙ \pe R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ Öìe_¡
`qfZpdu dp_hp\u S> DÐ`pv$, ìee, °yh ê$` ìehõ\p i¼e R>¡ AÞe\p _rl; Aphu R>¡ S>¥_ rkÙp„s_u
hõsyìehõ\p.
cphp\®:- ""S>¡d kyhZ®_p A[õsÒhdp„ S> s¡_u Ly„$X$g-L„$L$Zpqv$ Ahõ\pAp¡ rkÙ \pe R>¡ L$pfZ
L¡$ A¡ Ahõ\pAp¡_p lp¡hp\u S> kyhZ®dp„ DÐ`pqv$L$ \pe R>¡, A\p®s¹ kyhZ®_y„ kyhZ® Ï„ ÖìeÖ[óV$A¡
sv¹$hõ\ fl¡hp R>sp„ `Z `ep®epr\®L$Ö[óV$A¡ Ly„$X$g-L„$L$Zpqv$_p S> DÐ`pv$pqv$L$ \pe R>¡, `f„sy Å¡ hpõsrhL$
rhQpf L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ A¡ Ly„$X$gpqv$L$ Ahõ\pAp¡dp„ dpÓ ApL$pf\u ApL$pfp„sf S> R>¡ `Z Aks¹_u
DÐ`rÑ L¡$ ks¹_p¡ rh_pi _\u. A¡V$g¡ i„L$pL$pf_y„ "L$\„rQs¹ r_Ðepr_ÐepÐdL$ `v$p\¯dp„ DÐ`pv$pqv$L$ _rl
b_¡' A¡ L$l¡hy„ eyr¼s k„Ns _\u. hmu L$pe®-L$pfZcph `Z _uQ¡ âdpZ¡ rkÙ \pe R>¡-''
Np\p 197:- AÞhep\®:- ""A¡ âq¾$ep A\p®s¹ i¥gu\u S> r_òe\u L$pfZ A_¡ L$pe®_u rkrÙ
`Z kdÆ g¡hu Å¡BA¡ L$pfZ L¡$ A¡ ks¹_p S> ks¹ A\p®s¹ °p¥ìe s\p DÐ`pv$ A_¡ ìee A¡ b„_¡
\pe R>¡.''
cphp\®:- ""S>¡hu fus¡ L$\„rQs¹ r_Ðe-Ar_ÐepÐdL$ `v$p\p£dp„ S> DÐ`pv$pqv$L$Óe \pe R>¡ `Z
kh®\p r_Ðe L¡$ kh®\p Ar_Ðe `v$p\p£dp„ \B iL$sp _\u, A¡d rkÙ L$ey s¡hu fus¡ S> `v$p\p£_¡ r_Ðe-
Ar_ÐepÐdL$ dp_hp\u S> L$pe®-L$pfZcph `Z rkÙ \C iL¡$ R>¡, `f„sy kh®\p r_Ðe hp Ar_Ðe
`v$p\p£dp„ _rl. L$pfZ L¡$ kh®\p r_Ðe `ndp„ `qfZpd rh_p L$pe®-L$pfZcph b_u iL$sp¡ _\u s\p
kh®\p Ar_Ðe `ndp„ `v$p\p£ dpÓ nZhs} W$fhp\u A_¡ s¡_p¡ ârskde r_fÞhe_pi dp_hp\u
""r_Ðe ir¼st`X$ê$` ks¹ (Öìe) L$pfZ R>¡ s\p Ar_Ðe `qfZpdê$` DÐ`pv$-ìee- °p¥ìe s¡_p„ L$pe®
R>¡'' A¡hp¡ L$pe®-L$pfZcph b_u iL$sp¡ _\u, s¡\u L$\„rQs¹ r_Ðe-Ar_ÐepÐdL$ `v$p\p£dp„ S> DÐ`pv$-
ìee- °p¥ìe A_¡ L$pe®-L$pfZcph kpfu fus¡ rkÙ \pe R>¡. L$pfZ L¡$ r_Ðe-Ar_ÐepÐdL$ `v$p\p£dp„ S>
ks¹_p DÐ`pv$pqv$L$ dp_hpdp„ Apìep R>¡ `Z r_fÞhe_piê$` hp Ly$V$õ\r_Ðedp„ _rl....''
„QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u hõsyìehõ\p v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje30
A\p®s¹ Öìe A_¡ `ep®e A¡ hõsy_p b¡ cph R>¡ _rl L¡$ b¡ cpN A_¡ s¡\u S> s¡_¡ L$\„rQs¹
r_Ðe-Ar_Ðe L$l¡hpe R>¡ A_¡ kh®\p r_Ðe-Ar_Ðe A¡d _\u L$l¡hpsy„ A\hp d_psy„. s¡\u S>¡ L$p¡C
Öìe_¡ A¡L$p„s¡ r_Ðe-A`qfZpdu A_¡ `ep®e_¡ A¡L$p„s¡ Ar_Ðe-`qfZpdu dp_sp„ lp¡e s¡Ap¡_y„ AÓ¡
r_fpL$fZ L$f¡g R>¡ A\p®s¹ A¡hu S>¡_u ^pfZp lp¡e s¡Ap¡_¡ `p¡sp_u ^pfZp ky pfu g¡hp„ rh_„rs R>¡.
Np\p 200:- AÞhep\®:- ""r_òe\u DÐ`pv$-ìee- °p¥ìe A¡ ÓZ¡ `ep®ep¡dp„ \pe R>¡, `Z
ks¹_p \sp _\u `f„sy S>¡ L$pfZ\u A¡ DÐ`pv$pqv$L$ `ep®ep¡ S> Öìe R>¡ s¡\u Öìe A¡ DÐ`pv$pqv$L$Óe hpmy„
L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.''
AÓ¡ A„i-A„iuê$` c¡v$_e_u A ¡npA¡ DÐ`pv$-ìee- °yh A¡ ÓZ¡e_¡ c¡v$ ê$` `ep®e rkÙ
L$f¡g R>¡. L$pfZ L¡$ A„i-A„iuê$` c¡v$ _ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ ks¹_p¡ _pi-ks¹_p¡ DÐ`pv$ A_¡ ks¹_p¡ S>
°p¥ìe A¡hu rh~Ùsp Dv$ch¡ dpV$¡ c¡v$_e¡ L$fu kdÅìey„ R>¡ L¡$ ks¹ sp¡ õhs:rkÙ S> lp¡hp R>sp„ s¡ S>
DÐ`pv$-ìee- °yh ê$` R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u c¡v$_e¡ s¡ ÓZ¡ s¡_u `ep®e L$l¡hpe R>¡. DÐ`pv$_y„ õhê$` A_¡ s¡
DÐ`pv$ L$p¡_p¡ \pe (L$l¡hpe) R>¡? DÑf-
Np\p 201:- AÞhep\®:- ""sv$cph (''Ap s¡ S> R>¡'') A_¡ ""Asv$cph (''Ap s¡ _\u'')
_¡ rhje L$fhphpmp _e_u A ¡npA¡ (A\p®s¹ Öìepr\®L$_e A_¡ `ep®epr\®L$_e_u A ¡npA¡) ks¹
kv$cph A_¡ Akv$cph\u ey¼s R>¡ s¡\u A¡ DÐ`pv$pqv$L$dp„ _rh_ê$`\u `qfZs s¡ ks¹_u Ahõ\p_y„
_pd S> DÐ`pv$ R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ Öìe_u Ahõ\p bv$gpe s¡_¡ S> DÐ`pv$ L$üp¡ A_¡ |h® Ahõ\p _¡ ìee. ìee_y„ õhê$`
A_¡ s¡ L$p¡_p¡ \pe R>¡? DÑf-
Np\p 202:- AÞhep\®:- ""s\p ìee `Z ks¹_p¡ \sp¡ _\u `f„sy A¡ ks¹_u Ahõ\p_p¡ _pi
ìee L$l¡hpe R>¡, s\p âÝh„kpcphê$` s¡ ìee ks¹, `qfZpdu lp¡hp\u ks¹_p¡ `Z Ahíe L$l¡hpdp„
Apìep¡ R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ A ¡npA¡ L$p„C `Z L$lu iL$pe `f„sy kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ D`pv$p_ê$`Öìe õhe„ S>
L$pe®ê$ ¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ S> s¡_p¡ DÐ`pv$ L$l¡hpe R>¡ A_¡ |h® kdehs} L$pe®_¡ s¡_p¡ ìee L$l¡hpe
R>¡ A_¡ s¡ bß¡ L$pe®ê$` `qfZd¡g S>¡ D`pv$p_ê$` Öìe R>¡ s¡ S> °p¥ìe R>¡. °p¥ìe_y„ õhê$` A_¡ s¡ L$p¡_p
\pe R>¡? DÑf-
Np\p 203:- AÞhep\®:- ""`ep®epr\®L$_e\u (c¡v$rhhnp\u) °p¥ìe `Z L$\„rQs¹ ks¹_p¡ lp¡e R>¡
L¡$hm ks¹_p¡ _rl A¡V$gp dpV$¡ DÐ`pv$-ìee_u dpaL$ s¡ °p¥ìe `Z ks¹_p¡ A¡L$ A„i R>¡ `Z kh®v$¡i _\u.''
L$pfZ L¡$ Å¡ s¡ ks¹_p¡ (Öìe_p¡) dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ Öìe Ly$V$õ\/A`qfZpdu NZpe L¡$ S>¡ s¡ _\u.
31
Np\p 204:- AÞhep\®:- ""A\hp "sv$cph\u _pi _ \hp¡' A¡hy„ S>¡ °p¥ìe_y„ gnZ v$ip®ìey„
R>¡ Ðep„ `Z A\p®s¹ s¡_p¡ `Z Ap hpõsrhL$ A\® R>¡ L¡$-S>¡ `qfZpd `l¡gp„ lsp s¡ s¡ `qfZpd S> `pR>m
\sp fl¡ R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ S>¡ Öìeê$` °p¥ìe R>¡ s¡ S> v$f¡L$ `ep®edp„ `p¡s¡ S> L$pe®ê$ ¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ fl¡g
k×isp\u (kpdpÞe A ¡npA¡) s¡_p¡ sv$cph\u _pi _ lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ °p¥ìe L$l¡ R>¡ S>¡d L¡$ op_
ApL$pfp„sf`Ï„ `pdhp R>sp„ `Z op_ `Zp_p¡ _pi _ \hp\u s¡ ApL$pfdp„ fl¡g op__¡ (kpdpÞe_¡)
S> °p¥ìe L$l¡hpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ V$„L$p¡ÐL$uZ® L$l¡hpe R>¡.
Np\p 205:- AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡d yó`_p¡ N„ A¡ `qfZpd R>¡ s\p A¡ N„ NyZ `qfZd_ L$fu
füp¡ R>¡ s¡\u N„ (NyZ) A`qfZpdu _\u s\p r_òe\u r_N®Þ^ Ahõ\p\u yó` N„ hp_ \ey„ R>¡
A¡d `Z _\u.''
Ap\u L$lu iL$pe L¡$ °p¥ìe ê$` Öìe/NyZ `p¡s¡ S> `ep®e ê$ ¡ D`S>¡ R>¡ A_¡ Ðepf¡ S> |h® `ep®e_p¡
ìee \pe R>¡ s¡\u Ac¡v$_e¡ Öìe_¡ DÐ`pv$-ìee-^°p¥ìeê$` L$l¡hpe R>¡ A_¡ c¡v$_e\u DÐ`pv$-ìee-
°p¥ìeê$` ÓZ¡ ks¹_u `ep®e L$l¡hpe R>¡, s¡ c¡v$ê$` `ep®e R>¡. A¡ S> cph ApNm `Z kdÅh¡ R>¡.
Np\p 207:- AÞhep\®:- ""r_òe\u kh®\p r_Ðe L$p¡C ks¹ R>¡ NyZ L$p¡C R>¡ S> _rl s\p L¡$hm
`qfZsuê$` ìee s\p DÐ`pv$ A¡ bß¡ A¡ ks¹¹\u Arsqf¼s A¡V$g¡ rcß R>¡, A¡hu Api„L$p `Z _ L$fhu
Å¡BA¡, L$pfZ L¡$''c¡v$_e\u S>¡ D`f c¡v$ê$` DÐ`pv$-ìee- °p¥ìe_¡ `ep®e sfuL¡$ kdÅhhp\u L$p¡B_¡
A¡hu Api„L$p D`S>¡ L¡$ iy„ Öìe A_¡ `ep®e rcß R>¡? sp¡ L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ A¡hu Api„L$p `Z _ L$fhu Å¡BA¡.
Np\p 208:- AÞhep\®:- ""A¡d \sp„ ks¹_¡ rcßspey¼s v$¡i_p¡ âk„N Aphhp\u ks¹ A¡ _
NyZ _ `qfZpd A\p®s¹ `ep®e A_¡ _ Öìeê$` rkÙ \C iL$i¡, `f„sy kh® rhhpv$N°õs \B S>i¡.''
cphp\®:- ""NyZp¡_¡ _ dp_sp„ Öìe_¡ kh®\p r_Ðe s\p DÐ`pv$ìee_¡ Öìe\u rcß L¡$hm
`qfZsuê$` dp_hp\u Öìe s\p `ep®ep¡_¡ rcß rcß âv$¡iu`Zp_p¡ âk„N Aphi¡ s\p ks¹, Öìe-NyZ
hp `ep®ep¡dp„\u L$p¡C`Z ê$ ¡ rkÙ \B iL$i¡ _rl A_¡ s¡\u ks¹, Öìe-NyZ-`ep®epÐdL$ _ lp¡hp\u A¡
ks¹_y„ `Z iy„ õhê$` R>¡? s¡ `Z r_ròs \B iL$i¡ _rl, s¡\u Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e A_¡ ks¹ `p¡s¡ A¡ b^p„e
rhhpv$N°õs \B S>i¡.'' Al] L$üp âdpZ¡ Å¡ L$p¡B Öìe_¡ A`qfZpdu A_¡ `ep®e s¡_p\u rcß (rcß
âv$¡iu) `qfZpdu A¡hy„ dp_sy„ lp¡e sp¡ AÓ¡ S>Zph¡g `l¡gp¡ v$p¡j Aphi¡. lh¡ buÅ¡ v$p¡j S>Zph¡ R>¡.
Np\p 209:- AÞhep\®:- ""s\p Al] buÅ¡ `Z Ap v$p¡j Aphi¡ L¡$ - S>¡ r_Ðe R>¡ s¡
r_òe\u r_Ðeê$` S> fl¡i¡ s\p S>¡ Ar_Ðe R>¡ s¡ Ar_Ðe S> fl¡i¡. A¡ âdpZ¡ L$p¡C`Z hõsydp„ A_¡L$
^d®Ðh rkÙ \B iL$i¡ _tl. A\p®s¹ hõsy A_¡L$^dp®ÐdL$ rkÙ \i¡ _tl.'' lh¡ ÓuÅ¡ v$p¡j S>Zph¡ R>¡.
„QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u hõsyìehõ\p v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje32
Np\p 210:- AÞhep\®:- ""s\p Ap A¡L$ Öìe R>¡, Ap NyZ R>¡ A_¡ Ap `ep®e R>¡ A¡ âL$pf_p¡
S>¡ L$pë`r_L$ c¡v$ \pe R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡ c¡v$ hpõsrhL$ _\u) s¡ `Z r_ed\u rcß Öìe_u dpaL$ b_i¡
_tl.'' A\p®s¹ S>¡ Ac¡v$ hõsydp„ kdÅhhp dpV$¡ L$pë`r_L$ c¡v$ `pX$ép R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u S> s¡_¡ L$\„rQs¹
L$üp„ R>¡ s¡_¡ Å¡ hpõsrhL$ c¡v$ kdS>hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ Öìe A_¡ `ep®e A¡ b„_¡ rcß âv$¡iu, b¡ Öìeê$`
S> b_u S>sp„ c¡v$ê$` ìehlpf _ fl¡sp„ r_ed\u rcß Öìe_u dpaL$ rcß âv$¡iu S> b_u S>i¡ A_¡
s¡\u Öìe-NyZ-`ep®eê$` S>¡ L$pë`r_L$ c¡v$ \pe R>¡ s¡hp„ L$pë`r_L$ c¡v$ b_i¡ _rl.
ApNm i„L$pL$pf _hu i„L$p L$f¡ R>¡-
Np\p 211:- AÞhep\®:- ""i„L$pL$pf_y„ L$l¡hy„ A¡d R>¡ L¡$-kdyÖ_u dpaL$ hõsy_¡ r_Ðe dp_hpdp„
Aph¡ s\p NyZ `Z r_Ðe dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ A_¡ `ep®ep¡ L$ëgp¡gpqv$_u dpaL$ DÐ`ß hp _pi \hphpmu
dp_hpdp„ Aph¡, Å¡ A¡d L$lp¡ sp¡-''A\p®s¹ `v$p\®_¡ kdyÖ A_¡ sf„N_p Dv$plfZ\u A¡d dp_hpdp„ Aph¡
L¡$- Öìe = kdyÖ_y„ v$m A¡L$p„s¡ r_Ðe A_¡ `ep®e = sf„N A¡L$p„s¡ Ar_Ðe dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ iy„ lpr_
R>¡? s¡_y„ kdp^p_-
Np\p 212:- AÞhep\®:- ""A¡d L$l¡hy„ A¡ W$uL$ _\u L$pfZ L¡$ kdyÖ A_¡ gl¡fp¡ (dp¡Å) _y„
ÖóV$p„s i„L$pL$pf_p âL©$s-D`fp¡¼s A\®_y„ S> bp^L$ R>¡ (M„X$_ L$f¡ R>¡) s\p i„L$pL$pf Üpfp _rl L$l¡gp
âL©$sA\®_p rh`nc|s Ap hÿedpZ (L$\_ L$fsp„) L$\„rQs¹ r_Ðe-Ar_ÐepÐdL$ Ac¡v$ A\®_y„ kp^L$
R>¡.''
AÓ¡ epv$ fpMhy„ L¡$ Ac¡v$_y„ kp^L$ L$üy„ R>¡ A\p®s¹ Öìe Ac¡v$ R>¡ s¡dp„ c¡v$ D`Åhu_¡ L$l¡hpe
R>¡, rcß âv$¡iê$` hpõsrhL$ _rl A_¡ buSy>„, âõsys Dv$plfZ\u S> Ac¡v$ Öìe kprbs \pe R>¡ L$pfZ
L¡$ S>¡ sf„N = L$ëgp¡g R>¡ s¡ kdyÖ_p S> b_¡gp R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ kdyÖ S> s¡ ê$ ¡ `qfZd¡g R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡
kdyÖ S> R>¡; Aphy„ Ac¡v$ õhê$` R>¡ Öìe_y„.
cphp\®:- ""i„L$pL$pf_p L$\_p_ykpf NyZp¡_¡ A_¡ hõsy_¡ (Öìe_¡) kh®\p r_Ðe s\p DÐ`pv$-
ìee_¡ kh®\p Ar_Ðe dp_hp W$uL$ _\u, L$pfZ L¡$ -A¡ rkÙp„s_¡ rkÙ L$fhp dpV$¡ S>¡ kdyÖ A_¡
L$ëgp¡gp¡_y„ ÖóV$p„s Apàey„ s¡ i„L$pL$pf_p D`f L$l¡gp `n_y„ kp^L$ _ \sp„ rh_p L$ü¡ S> D`fp¡¼s `n_p
(i„L$pL$pf_p `n_p) rh`n_y„ A¡V$g¡-S>¥_ rkÙp„sp_ykpf dp_¡gp L$\„rQs¹ Ac¡v$pÐdL$ `n_y„ kp^L$ R>¡,
ApNm A¡ S> A\®_p¡ Mygpkp¡ L$f¡ R>¡-''
A\hp L$p¡B Öìe_¡ O„V$u_u S>¡hy„ kdS>sy„ lp¡e, S>¡d L¡$ -O„V$udp„ _uQ¡_p¡ cpN [õ\f A_¡ D`f_p¡
cpN afsp¡ lp¡e R>¡, sp¡ Öìedp„ S>¥_ rkÙp„sp_ykpf Aphu ìehõ\p `Z _\u A¡ `Z Ap Np\p\u rkÙ
\pe R>¡.
33
Np\p 213:- AÞhep\®:- ""sf„NdpmpAp¡\u ìepá kdyÖ_u dpaL$ r_òe\u L$p¡C`Z NyZ_p
`qfZpdp¡\u A\p®s¹ `ep®ep¡\u ks¹_u Arcßsp lp¡hp\u s¡ ks¹_p¡ `p¡sp_p `qfZpdp¡\u L$p„B`Z c¡v$
_\u.''
A\p®s¹ S>¡ `ep®e R>¡ s¡ Öìe_y„ hs®dp_ S> lp¡hp\u Öìe_y„ S> b_¡g lp¡hp\u (sf„Ndp„ kdyÖ S>
lp¡hp\u) hpõshdp„ (Mf¡Mf) L$p¡C c¡v$ _\u `Z c¡v$_e\u c¡v$ L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡, s¡\u s¡_¡ L$\„rQs¹
c¡v$pc¡v$ `Z L$l¡hpe R>¡.
cphp\®:- ""L$pfZ L¡$-S>¡hu fus¡ sf„Np¡_p kd|lp¡_¡ R>p¡X$sp„ kdyÖ L$p¡C rcß hõsy rkÙ \B
iL$sp¡ _\u s¡hu fus¡ `p¡sp_p rÓL$pghs} `qfZpdp¡_¡ R>p¡X$sp„ NyZ s\p Öìe `Z L$p¡C rcß hõsy rkÙ
\B iL$sp _\u.'' A\p®s¹ `ep®edp„ S> Öìe R|>`pe¡g R>¡, Öìe `ep®e\u hpõsrhL$ rcß âv$¡iu _\u.
Np\p 214:- AÞhep\®:- ""`f„sy S>¡ kdyÖ R>¡ s¡ S> sf„NdpmpAp¡ \pe R>¡, L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ kdyÖ
`p¡s¡ S> sf„Nê$`\u `qfZd_ L$f¡ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ Öìe S> (Aìe¼s S>) `ep®eê$ ¡ (ìe¼sê$ ¡) ìe¼s \pe
R>¡, `qfZd_ L$f¡ R>¡.
Np\p 215:- AÞhep\®:- ""s¡\u ks¹ A¡ `p¡s¡ S> DÐ`pv$ R>¡, s\p A¡ ks¹ S> °p¥ìe R>¡ s\p
ìee `Z R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ -ks¹ (Öìe) \u Sy>v$y„ L$p¡C A¡ DÐ`pv$ A\hp ìee A\hp °p¥ìe L$p¡C _\u.''
Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e A_¡ DÐ`pv$-ìee- °p¥ìeê$` ìehõ\p kdS>hp dpV$¡ Ap Np\p_p¡ dd®
kdS>hp¡ AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡ L¡$- hpõshdp„ Öìe Ac¡v$ R>¡, c¡v$ dpÓ kdÅhhp dpV$¡ S> R>¡, ìehlpf
dpÓ S> R>¡.
Np\p 216:- AÞhep\®:- ""A\hp iyÙsp_¡ rhje L$fhphpmp _e_u A ¡npA¡ DÐ`pv$ `Z
_\u, ìee `Z _\u s\p °p¥ìe, NyZ A_¡ `ep®e A¡ `Z _\u `f„sy L¡$hm A¡L$ ks¹ S> R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ iyÙ_e\u A¡L$ dpÓ „Qdcphê$` = `fd`pqfZprdL$cph ê$` ks¹ S> R>¡, s¡ s¡hy„ _¡
s¡hy„ S> `qfZd¡ R>¡ S>¡ Ap`Z¡ ApNm Å¡Biy„.
cphp\®:- ""A\hp iyÙ Öìepepr\®L$_e_u A ¡npA¡ DÐ`pv$, ìee, °p¥ìe, NyZ A_¡ `ep®e
hN¡f¡ L$p„C `Z _\u. L¡$hm kh®_p kdyv$peê$` A¡L$ ks¹ S> `v$p\® R>¡, (Ap L$\_ hpõsrhL$sp ê$` =
Ac¡v$_e_y„ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S> L$pe®L$pfu R>¡ dpV$¡ c¡v$ê$` ìehlpfdp„ fdhp S>¡hy„ _\u `f„sy Ac¡v$ê$` hõsydp„
S> W$fhp S>¡hy„ R>¡ S>¡ Ap`Z¡ ApNm D`f Å¡Biy„) L$pfZ L¡$ -S>¡V$gu L$p¡B c¡v$rhhnp R>¡ s¡ b^u
`ep®epr\®L$_e_u A ¡np\u S> L$[ë`s L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.(A\p®s¹ hpõsrhL$ õhê$` sp¡ dpÓ Ac¡v$ S> R>¡
bpL$u b^u dpÓ L$ë`_p S> R>¡) iyÙ Öìepepr\®L$_e, L$p¡C`Z âL$pf_p c¡v$_¡ rhje L$fsp¡ _\u s¡\u
iyÙÖìepr\®L$_e\u r_f„sf kh® Ahõ\pAp¡dp„ ks¹ S> âsursdp_ \pe R>¡ (A\p®s¹ kh® Ahõ\pAp¡dp„
„QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u hõsyìehõ\p v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje34
= `ep®edp„ A¡L$ dpÓ „Qdcphê$` = `fd`pqfZprdL$cph ê$` ks¹ S> âsursdp_ \pe R>¡) `Z
DÐ`pv$-ìeepqv$L$ _rl. s¡_y„ õ`óV$uL$fZ-''
Np\p 217:- AÞhep\®:- ""kpfp„i A¡ R>¡ L¡$ Å¡ c¡v$ lp¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡ kde c¡v$ rhhrns
\pe R>¡ s¡ kde r_òe\u A¡ DÐ`pv$pqv$ ÓZ¡ âsus \hp gpN¡ R>¡ s\p S>¡ kde s¡ c¡v$ d|m\u S>
rhhrns L$fhpdp„ Aphsp¡ _\u s¡ kde A¡ ÓZ¡ (c¡v$p¡) `Z âsus \sp _\u,''
cphp\®:- ""D`f_p L$\__p¡ kpfp„i A¡ R>¡ L¡$ -`v$p\® kpdpÞerhi¡jpÐdL$ R>¡ A_¡ b„_¡ _e
(Öìepr\®L$ A_¡ `ep®epr\®L$) `v$p\®_p kpdpÞe, rhi¡j ^dp£dp„\u `fõ`f kp ¡n L$p¡B A¡L$ ^d®_¡ dy¿e`Z¡
s\p buÅ ^d®_¡ Np¥Z`Z¡ rhje L$f¡ R>¡ (A¡V$gp dpV$¡ Öìepr\®L$Qnyhpmp_¡ Äep„ âdpZê$` Öìe, dpÓ
kpdpÞeê$` S> S>Zpe R>¡ Ðep„ `ep®epr\®L$Qnyhpmp_¡ s¡ âdpZê$` Öìe dpÓ `ep®eê$` S> S>Zpe R>¡ A_¡
âdpZQny\u Å¡hpdp„ Aphsp s¡ S> âdpZê$ Öìe, Dceê$ A\p®s¹ Öìe-`ep®e õhê$ S>Zpe R>¡; s¡\u
kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¥_ rkÙp„sdp„ b y„ S> rhhnphi A\p®s¹ A ¡npA¡ L$l¡hpe R>¡ _rl L¡$ A¡L$p„s¡, s¡\u
Äepf¡ A¡d âï_ \pe L¡$ `ep®e i¡_u b_¡gu R>¡? A_¡ DÑf- Öìe_u = °p¥ìe_u, A¡d Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡
sp¡ S>¥_ rkÙp„s _rl kdS>hphpmp_¡ gpN¡ R>¡ L¡$ hmu `ep®edp„ Öìe ¼ep„\u Aphu Ney„? Af¡ cpB! `ep®e
R>¡ s¡ Öìe_y„ S> hs®dp_ R>¡ A_¡ L$p¡C`Z hs®dp_ s¡ Öìe_y„ S> b_¡gy„ lp¡e_¡! ÖóV$p„s:- S>¡d kdyÖ_p dp¡Å„
i¡_p b_¡gp R>¡? sp¡ L$l¡hy„ `X$i¡ L¡$ `pZu_p A\p®s¹ kdyÖ_p A_¡ dpV$u_p¡ OX$p¡ i¡_p¡ b_¡gp¡ R>¡? sp¡ L$l¡hy„
`X$i¡ L¡$ dpV$u_p¡, s¡hu S> fus¡ kp¡_p_p Ly„$X$gpqv$L$ ApL$pfp¡ ê$` `ep®ep¡ i¡_u b_¡gu R>¡? sp¡ L$l¡hy„ `X$i¡ L¡$
kp¡_p_u; lh¡ |R>uA¡ L¡$ o¡epL$pfê$ `ep®ep¡ i¡_u b_¡gu R>¡? sp¡ L$l¡hy„ `X$i¡ L¡$ op__u A_¡ s¡ op_ kpdpÞe
S> opeL$ R>¡. Aphu S> Öìe-`ep®eê$` hõsyìehõ\p R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ kdÄep hNf rdÕepÐh_p¡ v$p¡j Dcp¡ S>
fl¡hp_p¡ R>¡, s¡\u S> Ap hõsyìehõ\p kp¥ â\d õ`óV$ kdS>hu AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡.) A¡V$gp dpV$¡ S>¡
h¡mp c¡v$ rhhrns \pe R>¡ s¡ h¡mp Ac¡v$ Np¥Z \B S>hp\u DÐ`pv$pqv$L$ ÓZ¡ âsus \hp gpN¡ R>¡, s¡\u
S>¡ h¡mp Öìepr\®L$_eÜpfp Ac¡v$sp rhhrns \pe R>¡ s¡ kde¡ c¡v$ Np¥Z \B S>hp\u DÐ`pv$pqv$L$ ÓZ¡dp„\u
L$p¡C_u âsurs \su _\u `Z dpÓ A¡L$ ks¹ S> ks¹ âsursdp_ \pe R>¡.''
S>¥_ rkÙp„sdp„ rÓL$pmu °yhê$`hõsy A\hp `ep®efrls_y„ Öìe gndp„ g¡hp_u Aphu R>¡ fus.
L$pfZ Ac¡v$ Öìedp„\u L$p„B`Z L$pY$hy„ lp¡e sp¡ s¡ dpÓ âop\u = by[Ý^\u S> (gn L$fhp\u-dy¿e Np¥Z
L$fhp\u S>) L$pY$u iL$pe R>¡ AÞe\p _rl, S>¡ Ap`Z¡ ApNm D`f rhQpfuiy„.
ApNm i„L$pL$pf _hu i„L$p L$f¡ R>¡-
Np\p 218:- AÞhep\®:- ""i„L$pL$pf _y„ L$l¡hy„ A¡d R>¡ L¡$-r_òe\u DÐ`pv$ A_¡ ìee A¡ bß¡
S> A„iõhê$` cg¡ lp¡e `f„sy rÓL$pgNp¡Qf S>¡ °p¥ìe R>¡ s¡ L¡$hu fus¡ A„ipÐdL$ \i¡? Å¡ A¡d L$lp¡
-sp¡'' Ap i„L$p_y„ kdp^p_:-
35
Np\p 219:- AÞhep\®:- ""A¡d L$l¡hy„ A¡ W$uL$ _\u, L$pfZ L¡$ hpõshdp„ A¡ ÓZ¡ A„ip¡ õhe„
ks¹ S> R>¡ `f„sy ks¹_p _\u, L$pfZ L¡$ -Al] ks¹ A¡ A\p®Þsfp¡_u dpaL$ A¡L$ A¡L$ \B_¡ A_¡L$ R>¡, A¡d
_\u.''
cphp\®:- ""D`f_u i„L$p W$uL$ _\u, L$pfZ L¡$ S>¥_ rkÙp„sdp„ ks¹_p DÐ`pv$, ìee A_¡
°p¥ìeê$` A„i dpÞep _\u `f„sy ks¹ `p¡s¡ S> DÐ`pv$ìee °p¥ìepÐdL$ dpÞey„ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ Öìe_¡ A¡L$,
AM„X$, Ac¡v$ê$` S> dpÞey„ R>¡ S>¡ hpõsrhL$sp R>¡ A_¡ s¡ `p¡s¡ S> DÐ`pv$ìeeê$` \pe R>¡) DÐ`pv$,
ìee A_¡ °p¥ìe A¡ ÓZ¡ âÐe¡L$ Sy>v$p Sy>v$p `v$p\p£_u dpaL$ dmu_¡ A_¡L$ _\u, `f„sy rhhnphi
S> (A\p®s¹ c¡v$_e¡ L$fu A\hp dy¿e-Np¥Z L$fu) A¡ ÓZ¡ rcß-rcßê$`\u âsus \pe R>¡. s¡_y„
õ`óV$uL$fZ:-
Np\p 220:- AÞhep\®:- ""Ap rhjedp„ Ap Dv$plfZ R>¡ L¡$ -Al] Å¡ DÐ`pv$ê$`\u `qfZs
ks¹ S>¡ kde¡ DÐ`pv$Üpfp gndpZ \pe R>¡ s¡ kde¡ hõsy_¡ L¡$hm DÐ`pv$dpÓ L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.
cphp\®:- `v$p\®, A_„s^dp®ÐdL$ R>¡, iåv$ hp _epÐdL$op__p A„iÜpfp s¡_p k„ |Z® ^dp£
rhjec|s \B iL$sp _\u s¡\u A¡ A_„s ^dp£dp„ S>¡ op_p„i hp iåv$Üpfp S>¡ L$p¡C`Z A¡L$ ^d®
rhjec|s \pe R>¡ s¡ op_p„i hp iåv$Üpfp (A\p®s¹ âop = by[Ý^ Üpfp) hõsy s¡ kde¡ L¡$hm s¡ S>
^d®de ÅZhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ hp L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡, (S>¡d L¡$ ApÐdp_¡ op_dpÓ L$l¡sp„ s¡_p¡ dpÓ op_NyZ
S> gndp„ _\u g¡hp_p¡ `Z |Z® hõsy ep_¡ L¡$ |Z® ApÐdp S>, op_dpÓ L$l¡sp N°lZ L$fhp¡) A¡
Þepep_ykpf S>¡ kde¡ _rh_ _rh_ ê$`\u `qfZs ks¹ DÐ`pv$ê$`, op_ s\p iåv$Üpfp rhhrns \pe
R>¡ s¡ kde¡ s¡ ks¹ L¡$hm DÐ`pv$dpÓ L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.''
Ðep„ L$p¡B A¡d L$l¡ L¡$ °yh sp¡ DÐ`pv$-ìee\u AgN lp¡hp¡ S> Å¡BA¡ A\hp fpMhp¡ S> Å¡BA¡,
Öìe_¡ L¡$hm DÐ`pv$dpÓ L¡$d L$lp¡ R>p¡? sp¡ DÑf A¡ R>¡ L¡$ hõsy_p (ks¹_p) A¡L$ A„i _¡ gndp„ gB_¡
A\p®s¹ dy¿e L$fu_¡ L$\_ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ bpL$u_p sdpd A„ip¡ s¡dp„ S> A„sfNrc®s \B Åe R>¡,
A\p®s¹ A¡L$_¡ dy¿e L$fsp„ bpL$u_p b^p Ap`d¡m¡ S> AÐe„s Np¥Z \B Åe R>¡ A_¡ s¡ dy¿e A„i\u
S> |Z® hõsy_p¡ ìehlpf \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ ârs`pv$_, âõsyrs \pe R>¡, Ðep„ ârs`pv$_ AÞe A„ip¡_¡
R>p¡X$u_¡ A¡L$ A„i_y„ _\u \sy„ `f„sy A¡L$ A„i_¡ dy¿e A_¡ AÞep¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fu_¡ \pe R>¡ A_¡ Ap S>
S>¥_rkÙp„s_u ârs`pv$__u i¥gu R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_¡ õepÜpv$ L$l¡hpe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ S>¥_rkÙp„s_p¡ âpZ R>¡.
Np\p 221:- AÞhep\®:- ""A\hp S>¡ kde Al] ìeeê$`\u `qfZs s¡ ks¹ L¡$hm ìee
Üpfp r_òeê$`\u gÿedpZ \pe R>¡ s¡ kde s¡ S> ks¹ r_òe\u L¡$hm ìee dpÓ iy„ _rl \pe?
Ahíe \i¡''
„QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u hõsyìehõ\p v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje36
Np\p 222:- AÞhep\®:- ""A\hp S>¡ kde °p¥ìeê$`\u `qfZs ks¹ (L¡$hm) °p¥ìe Üpfp
gÿedpZ \pe R>¡ s¡ kde DÐ`pv$ìee_u dpaL$ s¡ S> A¡ ks¹ °p¥ìedpÓ R>¡, A¡hy„ S> âsus \pe R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ |h£ S>Zpìep A_ykpf Öìepr\®L$Qnyhpmp_¡ Äep„ âdpZê$` Öìe, dpÓ kpdpÞeê$` S>
S>Zpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ °yhê$` S> S>Zpe R>¡ Ðep„ `ep®epr\®L$Qnyhpmp_¡ s¡ S> âdpZê$` Öìe dpÓ `ep®eê$`
S> S>Zpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ DÐ`pv$-ìeeê$` S> S>Zpe R>¡ A_¡ âdpZQny\u Å¡hpdp„ Aphsp s¡ S> âdpZê$`
Öìe, Dceê$` A\p®s¹ Öìe-`ep®e õhê$` S>Zpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ DÐ`pv$-ìee- °p¥ìeê$` S>Zpe R>¡; s¡\u
kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¥_ rkÙp„sdp„ v$f¡L$ L$\_ rhhnphi S> A\p®s¹ A ¡npA¡ S> L$l¡hpe R>¡ _rl L¡$
A¡L$p„s¡, s¡\u Äepf¡ A¡d âï_ \pe L¡$ `ep®e i¡_u b_¡gu R>¡? A_¡ DÑf-Öìe_u = °p¥ìe_u, A¡d
Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ S>¥_ rkÙp„s _rl kdS>hphpmp_¡ gpN¡ R>¡ L¡$ hmu `ep®edp„ Öìe ¼ep„\u Aphu Ney„?
Af¡ cpB! `ep®e R>¡ s¡ Öìe_y„ S> hs®dp_ R>¡ A_¡ L$p¡C`Z hs®dp_ s¡ Öìe_y„ S> b_¡gy„ lp¡e_¡! Aphy„
R>¡ S>¥_ rkÙp„s A_ykpf rÓL$pmu °yh hõsy_y„ õhê$`, AÞe\p _rl, AÞe\p g¡sp„ s¡ rS>_dsbpü R>¡.
ÖóV$p„s -
Np\p 223:- AÞhep\®:- ""Ap rhjedp„ Dv$plfZ Ap R>¡ L¡$ -Al] dpV$uê$` Öìe, kspÐdL$$
OV$ Üpfp gÿedpZ \sy„ L¡$hm OV$ê$` S> L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡, s\p Ðep„ S> AkspÐdL$$ t`X$ê$` Üpfp
gÿedpZ \sy„ L¡$hm t`X$ê$` S> L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.'' A_¡ lh¡ dpV$uê$` ( °yhê$`) S>Zph¡ R>¡.
Np\p 224:- AÞhep\®:- ""A\hp s¡ dpV$u ê$` Öìe Å¡ Al] L¡$hg d©rsL$p`Zp\u gÿedpZ
\pe R>¡ sp¡ s¡ dpV$u S> L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡, A¡ âdpZ¡ A¡L$ ks¹_p S> DÐ`pv$pqv$L$ ÓZ¡ A¡ ks¹dp„ A„i
R>¡.''
Ap fus\u A¡L$ Ac¡v$ ks¹ê$` hõsy _¡ AgN AgN rhhnpAp¡\u Å¡sp„ s¡ |Z® hõsy S> s¡
õhê$` L$l¡hpe R>¡; S>¡d L¡$ OV$_¡ dpÓ dpV$uê$` A\p®s¹ rÓL$pmu °yhê$` Å¡sp„ s¡ |Z® hõsy (OV$) dpÓ
dpV$uê$` S> S>Zpe R>¡, A\p®s¹ s¡dp„\u OV$Ðh A\hp sp¡ t`X$Ðh L$pY$u _pMhy„ _\u `X$sy„ s¡ Ap`p¡Ap`
S> dpV$uÐhdp„ A„sc|®s \B Åe R>¡, AÐe„s Np¥Z \B Åe R>¡ A_¡ Ap S> fus R>¡ rÓL$pmu °yh Öìe_¡
Öìe Ö[óV$\u r_lpmhp_u, AÞe fus _\u s¡ S> ApNm S>Zph¡ R>¡.
Np\p 225:- AÞhep\®:- ""`f„sy h©ndp„ am, awg s\p `Ó_u dpaL$ L$p¡B A„iê$` A¡L$ cpN\u
ks¹_p¡ DÐ`pv$ A\hp k„lpf A\p®s¹ ìee s\p °p¥ìe _\u.''
A\p®s¹ hpõshdp„ Öìedp„ °yh A_¡ `ep®e A¡hp b¡ cpN _\u A_¡ A¡_p n¡Óc¡v$ (rcßâv$¡i)
`Z _\u `f„sy A¡L$ S> hõsy_¡ A ¡npA¡-c¡v$_e\u s¡d L$l¡hpe R>¡.
cphp\®:- ""`f„sy S>¡ âdpZ¡ h©ndp„ am, awg s\p `Ó hN¡f¡ rcß-rcß A„ip¡\u fl¡ R>¡ A_¡
37
s¡ h©n `Z s¡_p„ k„ep¡N\u am-awg-`Ópqv$hpmy„ L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ s¡ âdpZ¡ ks¹_p L$p¡B A¡L$ A„i\u Sy>v$p
DÐ`pv$-ìee- °p¥ìe _\u s\p _ sp¡ Sy>v$p-Sy>v$p A„ipÐdL$ DÐ`pv$-ìee- °p¥ìe\u, Öìe DÐ`pv$-ìee-
°p¥ìehpmy„ S> L$l¡hpe R>¡. s¡\u i„L$pL$pf_y„ -'DÐ`pv$ìee_¡ A„ipÐdL$ dp_hp A_¡ °p¥ìe_¡ A„ipÐdL$ _
dp_hp¡' A¡ L$\_ (i„L$p) W$uL$ _\u''
lh¡ i„L$pL$pf i„L$p L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$ -DÐ`pv$pqv$L$ ÓZ¡ A„ip¡_p lp¡e R>¡ L¡$ A„iu_p (Öìe_p = ks¹_p)
lp¡e R>¡? s\p A¡ ÓZ¡ kspÐdL$ A„i R>¡ L¡$ Sy>v$p AkspÐdL$ A„i R>¡? s¡_y„ kd^p_ Ap ¡ R>¡:-
Np\p 227:- AÞhep\®:- ""A¡d L$l¡hy„ W$uL$ _\u L$pfZ L¡$ S>¥_ rkÙp„sdp„ r_òe\u A_¡L$p„s
S> bmhp_ R>¡ `Z kh®\p A¡L$p„s bmhp_ _\u. dpV$¡ A_¡L$p„s |h®L$ b^p„e L$\_ Arh~Ù lp¡e R>¡ s\p
A_¡L$p„s rh_p b^pe L$\_ rh~Ù \B Åe R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ ¼epf¡e L$p¡CA¡ dpÓ iåv$p¡ _¡ `L$X$u_¡ A¡L$p„s A\® _ L$pY$hp¡ Å¡BA¡ L$pfZ L¡$ S>¥_
rkÙp„sdp„ v$f¡L$ iåv$-v$f¡L$ hp¼e L$p¡B _¡ L$p¡B A ¡np hNf _\u lp¡sp¡ s¡\u L$fu_¡ s¡ iåv$p¡ A\hp hp¼ep¡
_¡ s¡ s¡ A ¡np âdpZ¡ kdÆ_¡ N°lZ L$fhp AphíeL$ R>¡, A¡L$p„s N°lZ _ L$fsp„, A_¡L$p„s õhê$`
S>¥_rkÙp„s A_ykpf S> A\® kdS>hp ep¡Áe R>¡, AÞe\p A¡L$p„s_p v$p¡j\u rdÕepÐh_p¡ v$p¡j S>~f S>
Aph¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ A_„s chc°dZ h^pfhp ir¼sdp_ R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u S> A¡L$p„s N°lZ A_¡ A¡L$p„s_p
ApN°l\u bQu_¡ âõsys L$p¡C`Z rh^p_ _¡, A_¡L$p„s õhê$` kdÅìep A_ykpf N°lZ L$fu_¡ Ðhfp\u
k„kpf\u dy¼s \hp ep¡Áe R>¡ A\p®s¹ ÐhfpA¡ dp¡ndpN® `f Qpghp A_¡L$p„s S> klpec|s \hp ep¡Áe
R>¡.
Np\p 228:- AÞhep\®:- ""Al] L¡$hg A„ip¡_p _ DÐ`pv$ s\p _ ìee s\p _ °p¥ìe \pe
R>¡, s\p A„iu_p `Z A¡ DÐ`pv$pqv$ ÓZ¡ \sp _\u `f„sy r_òe\u A„i\u ey¼s A„iu_p A¡ DÐ`pv$pqv$L$
ÓZ¡ \pe R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ DÐ`pv$-ìee- °p¥ìeê$` Öìe L$üy„ R>¡ s¡ |Z® Ac¡v$ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ Ac¡v$ê$` S> `qfZd¡ R>¡
A_¡ s¡ |Z® Öìe S> DÐ`pv$pqv$L$ ê$` \pe R>¡; s¡dp„ L$p¡C A„iê$` rhcpNp¡ _\u, s¡ dpÓ A ¡npA¡ L$l¡hpe
R>¡.
Np\p 229:- cphp\®:- ""i„L$pL$pf_y„ L$l¡hy„ A¡d R>¡ L¡$ - iåv$ hp A\® Ö[óV$A¡ DÐ`pv$pqv$ A¡L$
`v$p\®dp„ b_u iL¡$ R>¡ s¡d °p¥ìe A_¡ DÐ`pv$-ìee L$p¡C A¡L$ `v$p\®dp„ rkÙ \B iL$sp _\u L$pfZ L¡$
DÐ`pv$-ìee Ar_Ðe`Zp_p kp^L$ R>¡ s\p °p¥ìe r_Ðe`Zp_p¡ kp^L$ R>¡, s¡\u °p¥ìe A_¡ DÐ`pv$ìee
A¡ b„_¡ `fõ`f rhfp¡ u lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ A¡L$ `v$p\®_p dp_hp A¡ âÐenbpr^s R>¡. s¡_y„ kdp^p_-''
Np\p 230-231:- AÞhep\®:- ""( °p¥ìe A_¡ DÐ`pv$-ìee `fõ`f rhfp¡ u R>¡ s¡ hps) W$uL$
„QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u hõsyìehõ\p v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje38
R>¡, `f„sy Å¡ r_òe\u A¡ ÓZ¡_¡ nZc¡v$ A\p®s¹ rcßrcß kde lp¡e sp¡ A\hp r_òe\u ks¹ `p¡s¡
S> _pi `pdsy„ lp¡s (A\p®s¹ ks¹ `qfhrs®s _ \sp„ _pi `pdsy„ lp¡s), s\p ks¹ `p¡s¡ S> DÐ`Þ_ \sy„
lp¡s (A\p®s¹ ks¹ `qfhrs®s _ \sp„ _pi \B _hy„ DÐ`Þ_ \sy„ lp¡s) sp¡ `fõ`f rh{Ù L$\_ \ps.
`f„sy A¡ DÐ`pv$pqv$L$ ÓZ¡_p¡ nZc¡v$ A\hp õhe„ ks¹_y„ S> _pi `pdhy„ L¡$ DÐ`Þ_ \hy„ s¡ L$p¡C`Z W$¡L$pZ¡
L$p¡C l¡sy\u L„$C `Z, L$p¡C_y„ `Z, L$p¡C`Z âL$pf\u \sy„ _\u, L$pfZ L¡$ Ap W$¡L$pZ¡ s¡_y„ ÖóV$p„s `Z _rl
dmhp\u, s¡_p kp^L$ âdpZ_p¡ Acph R>¡''
Np\p 238:- AÞhep\®:- ""Þepebm\u A¡ rkÙ \ey„ L¡$ A¡ ÓZ¡ (DÐ`pv$-ìee-^°yh) A¡L$
L$pmhs} R>¡, L$pfZ L¡$- S>¡ h©n`Ï„ S>¡ R>¡ s¡ S> A„Ly$fê$`\u DÐ`Þ_ A_¡ buS>ê$`\u _óV$ \hphpmy„ R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ |Z® Öìe S> A¡L$ `ep®e\u _óV$ \B buÆ `ep®eê$` `qfhrs®s \sy„ fl¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u
S> s¡_¡ °yh L$l¡hpe R>¡ Äepf¡ |h® `ep®e_¡ ìeeê$` A_¡ hs®dp_ `ep®e_¡ DÐ`pv$ê$` L$l¡hpe R>¡. A\p®s¹
s¡ Öìedp„ DÐ`pv$-ìee- °yh ê$` L$p¡C AgN A„i _\u dpÓ hõsy-ìehõ\p kdÅhhp dpV$¡ c¡v$ `pX$u_¡
S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- S>¡ L$p¡C Öìe R>¡ s¡ Öh¡ R>¡, A\p®s¹ `qfZd¡ R>¡, A\p®s¹ `qfhrs®s \sy„ fl¡ R>¡, A_¡ s¡
`qfhrs®s \sp„ Öìe_¡ °yh L$l¡hpe R>¡ Äepf¡ A¡_p„ `qfZpd_¡-Ahõ\p_¡ `ep®e (DÐ`pv$-ìee) ê$`
L$l¡hpe R>¡.
Np\p 243:- AÞhep\®:- ""âL©$sL$\_dp„ A¡d dp_hpdp„ Apìey„ R>¡ L¡$- ks¹_¡ L$p¡B AÞe ( |h®)
`ep®e\u rh_pi s\p L$p¡B AÞe (hs®dp_) `ep®e\u DÐ`pv$ s\p A¡ b„_¡\u rcß L$p¡C k×i`ep®e\u
(Öìe kpdpÞeê$` L¡$ S>¡_u bß¡ `ep®ep¡ b_¡gu R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ kpdpÞeê$` lp¡hp\u A¡hy„ _¡ A¡hy„ S> D`S>¡
R>¡ s¡\u s¡_¡ k×i-`ep®eê$` = `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` L$l¡hpe R>¡) °p¥ìe lp¡e R>¡.'' lh¡ Ap_y„ S>
Dv$plfZ S>Zph¡ R>¡:-
Np\p 244:- AÞhep\®:- ""Al] Dv$plfZ h©n_u dpaL$ R>¡ L¡$- S>¡d s¡ h©n kspÐdL$
A„Ly$fê$`\u `p¡s¡ S> (A¡V$g¡ h©n `p¡s¡ S> A\p®s¹ Öìe `p¡s¡ S>) DÐ`Þ_ R>¡ buS>ê$`\u _óV$ R>¡ ( |h®
`ep®e\u _óV$ L$l¡hpe R>¡) s\p bß¡ Ahõ\pAp¡dp„ h©n`Zp\u °p¥ìe (A\p®s¹ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$
h©nê$` °p¥ìe L$p¡C `ep®e\u rcß A`qfZpdu rhcpN _\u, `f„sy S>¡ `ep®e R>¡ s¡ rhi¡j R>¡ A_¡ s¡_y„
S> kpdpÞe A\p®s¹ s¡ S>¡_u b_¡gu R>¡ s¡_¡ S> °p¥ìe L$l¡hpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ AÞe L$p¡C A`qfZpdu °p¥ìe
Sy>v$y„ _\u, s¡ Mpk kdS>hp_y„ R>¡ L¡$- s¡ Öìe S> R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_u `ep®e b_¡gu R>¡, s¡ Öìe`Zp\u °p¥ìe)
A¡d `Z R>¡ A\p®s¹ h©ndp„ (A¡V$g¡ Öìedp„) Sy>v$u-Sy>v$u A ¡npA¡ A¡ ÓZ¡ (buS>, A„Ly$f A_¡ h©n`Ï„
A\p®s¹ ìee, DÐ`pv$ A_¡ °p¥ìe`Ï„) A¡L$ kdedp„ lp¡e R>¡.'' Aphy R>¡ S>¥_ rkÙp„s A_ykpf hõsy_y„
õhê$` L¡$ S>¡ v$f¡L$ dp¡n¡ÃRy>A¡ õhuL$pf L$fhy„ S> `X$i¡.
39
cphp\®:- ""...buS> _p„ Acph hp A„Ly$f_p DÐ`pv$ê$` bß¡ Ahõ\pAp¡dp„ kpdpÞe`Z¡ h©nÐh
dp¡Sy>v$ R>¡....'' A¡V$g¡ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ rhi¡jê$` Ahõ\pAp¡ (`ep®ep¡) kpdpÞeê$` (Öìe) _u S>
b_¡g R>¡.
Np\p 246:- AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡ L$pfZ\u DÐ`pv$ A_¡ ìee A¡ bß¡_p¡ ApÐdp õhe„ ks¹, A¡
S> R>¡ (A\p®s¹ DÐ`pv$, ìeeê$` `ep®e ks¹ ê$` Öìe_u S> b_¡g R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_¡ kpdpÞe ê$` °p¥ìe L$l¡hpe
R>¡.) A¡V$gp dpV$¡ A¡ bß¡ s\p hõsy A\p®s¹ °p¥ìe A¡ ÓZ¡ ks¹ S> R>¡, ks¹¹\u AÞe _\u A\p®s¹ rcß
_\u (rcß âv$¡iu _\u)''hpõshdp„ hõsy Ac¡v$ lp¡hp\u S> Aphu hõsyìehõ\p OqV$s \pe R>¡. lh¡
kpfp„i-
Np\p 247:- AÞhep\®:- ""`ep®epr\®L$_e_u A ¡npA¡ DÐ`pv$ R>¡, ìee R>¡ s\p °p¥ìe R>¡
`f„sy Öìepr\®L$ _e_u A ¡npA¡ _ DÐ`pv$ R>¡, _ ìee R>¡ s\p _ °p¥ìe R>¡.''
s¡\u L$fu_¡ Ad¡ Äepf¡ Öìe-`ep®e õhê$` hõsy_y„ A¡V$g¡ L¡$ âdpZê$` Öìe_¡ dpÓ Öìepr\®L$
_e_u A ¡npA¡ rÓL$pmu °yh L$luA¡ R>uA¡ Ðepf¡ L$p¡B_¡ âï_ \i¡ L¡$- Apdp„ âdpZ_y„ Öìe L¡$d g¡hpdp„
Aph¡ R>¡? sp¡ s¡_p¡ DÑf A¡ R>¡ L¡$- S>¡hu Ap`_u Ö[óV$ li¡, s¡hy„ S> Öìe Ap`_¡ v$¡Mpi¡, A\p®s¹ S>¡ Öìe_¡
âdpZÖ[óV$\u Sy>A¡ R>¡ s¡_¡ s¡ Öìe = hõsy âdpZê$` v$¡Mpi¡, S>¡ `ep®eÖ[óV$\u Sy>A¡ s¡_¡ s¡ Öìe dpÓ
`ep®eê$` S>Zpi¡ A_¡ s¡ S> âdpZ_p Öìe_¡ Å¡ Öìepr\®L$ _e_p Qny\u _ufMhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ s¡ |Z®
hõsy ( |Z® Öìe) dpÓ rÓL$pmu °yhê$` S> S>Zpi¡ L¡$ S>¡ `ep®e\u r_f ¡nê$` kpdpÞedpÓ S> R>¡; Ap
S> S>¥_ rkÙp„s_u Av$¹c|ssp R>¡, L$dpg R>¡ A_¡ Ap S> fus R>¡ `ep®e frls Öìe `pdhp_u. s¡\u L$fu_¡
kh£ S>_p¡_¡ Adpfu rh_„su R>¡ L¡$ kp¥ â\d Ap` "S>¡d R>¡ s¡d' hõsy-ìehõ\p kdS>ip¡ A¡V$g¡ Ap`_p
âï__p¡ DÑf, Ap`_¡ Ap`p¡Ap` S> dmu S>i¡ A_¡ s¡\u L$fu_¡ S> Ap hps ApV$gu rhõspf\u
kdÅh¡g R>¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ y_fphs®__p¡ v$p¡j k¡hu_¡ `Z afu-afu s¡S> hps õ`óV$ L$f¡g R>¡ L¡$- hõsy-
ìehõ\p A_¡ õepv$¹hpv$ i¥gu kdÄep hNf iåv$p¡ A_¡ hp¼ep¡_p A\p£ kdS>hp AÐe„s L$qW$_ R>¡ A_¡
A_¡L$p„s õhê$` hõsyìehõ\p kdÄep bpv$ s¡ kph kl¡gy„ R>¡, Ap S> hps ApNm ÖY$ L$fph¡ R>¡.
Np\p 254 AÞhep\®:- ""(DÐ`pv$-ìee) s\p °p¥ìe`Z r_ed\u DÐ`pv$-ìee A¡ b„_¡ rh_p
\sp¡ _\u L$pfZ L¡$ Ðep„ rhi¡j_p Acphdp„ kspÐdL$$ kpdpÞe_p¡ `Z Acph \pe R>¡.'' A\p®s¹
DÐ`pv$-ìeeê$` rhi¡j °p¥ìeê$` kpdpÞe_y„ S> b_¡g R>¡ L¡$ S>¡\u L$fu_¡ A¡L$_p Acphdp„ buÅ_p¡ `Z
Acph lp¡e R>¡.
cphp\®:- ""hõsy kpdpÞe-rhi¡jpÐdL$ R>¡, rhi¡j r_f ¡n kpdpÞe s\p kpdpÞer_f ¡n
rhi¡j A¡ L$p¡C hõsy S> W$fsu _\u, °p¥ìe kpdpÞe ê$` R>¡ A_¡ DÐ`pv$-ìee rhi¡jê$` R>¡. s¡\u
„QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u hõsyìehõ\p v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje40
DÐ`pv$-ìee rh_p °p¥ìe `Z b_u iL$sp¡ _\u, L$pfZ DÐ`pv$ìeepÐdL$ rhi¡j rh_p °p¥ìepÐdL$
kpdpÞe_u `Z rkrÙ \B iL$su _\u- A¡V$gp dpV$¡-''
Np\p 255 AÞhep\®:- ""A¡ âdpZ¡ Al] ApNm DÐ`pv$pqv$L$ ÓZ¡_u ìehõ\p OZu kpfu R>¡
`f„sy A¡ DÐ`pv$pqv$L$ ÓZ¡dp„\u L$p¡C A¡L$_p _L$pf_¡ L$l¡hphpmp¡ `p¡sp_p `n_p¡ `Z OpsL$ \pe R>¡. s¡\u
L¡$hm DÐ`pv$pqv$L$ L¡$hm A¡L$_u ìehõ\p dp_hu W$uL$ _\u.''
AÓ¡ õ`óV$ \pe R>¡ L¡$ ANf L$p¡C Ac¡v$ Öìedp„\u `ep®e_¡ L$pY$hp_p¡ âeÐ_ L$fi¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡_¡
`ep®efrls Öìe BóV$ li¡ sp¡ s¡_¡ |Z® Öìe_p¡ S> gp¡ \B S>i¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ dpÓ c°ddp„ S> flu S>i¡,
s¡\u L$fu_¡ `ep®efrls Öìe L$pY$hp_u fus S>¡ D`f S>Zph¡g R>¡ s¡d Öìepr\®L$_e_p Qny\u A\p®s¹
ÖìeÖ[óV$\u R>¡, dpÓ Öìe_¡ S> Ýep_dp„ g¡sp s¡ |Z® Öìe L¡$ S>¡_¡ Ap` âdpZ_y„ Öìe `Z L$lu iL$p¡
R>p¡, s¡hy„ |Z® Öìe S> dpÓ Öìeê$` A\p®s¹ °yhê$` S> S>Zpi¡, s¡_y„ S> gn \i¡, dpV$¡ `ep®e frls Öìe
Å¡BA¡ sp¡ s¡_u fus Aphu S> R>¡; AÞe L$p¡C fus¡ sp¡ Öìe_p¡ S> Acph \B S>i¡ A_¡ s¡ `p¡s¡ `p¡sp_p
`n_p¡ S> OpsL$ b_u dpÓ c°ddp„ S> fpQi¡.
buSy>„, L$p¡C hs®dp_ `ep®e_¡ Ö[óV$_p rhje dpV$¡ blpf fpM¡ sp¡ |Z® Öìe S> blpf \C S>i¡,
Aphy„ R>¡ hõsy õhê$`, Aphu R>¡ hõsyìehõ\p S>¥_ rkÙp„s_u L¡$ S>¡ A_¡L$p„sê$` R>¡, A¡L$p„sê$` _rl; Ap
fus\u Öìe_¡ `qfZpdu _l] dp_hphpmp_¡ iy„ v$p¡j Aphi¡? DÑf-
Np\p 258 AÞhep\®:- ""s\p r_òe\u L¡$hm A¡L$ °p¥ìe`n_¡ rhïhpk L$fhp-dp_hphpmp_¡ `Z
Öìe `qfZpdu b_i¡ _rl s\p s¡_y„ `qfZpdu`Ï„ _ lp¡hp\u s¡ °p¥ìe, °p¥ìe `Z flu iL$i¡ _rl.''
AÓ¡ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ L$p¡C °p¥ìeê$` Öìe_¡ A`qfZpdu dp_sp„ lp¡e sp¡, s¡ s¡hy„ A¡L$p„s¡
_\u L¡$dL¡$ Å¡ °p¥ìe A`qfZpdu lp¡e sp¡ Öìe_p¡ S> Acph \i¡ A_¡ s¡\u °p¥ìe_p¡ `Z Acph S>
\i¡ L$pfZ L¡$ L$p¡C`Z hõsy s¡_p hs®dp_ hNf _ lp¡e A\p®s¹ L$p¡C`Z Öìe ( °p¥ìe) s¡_u Ahõ\p
(hs®dp_ = `ep®e) hNf _ S> lp¡e A_¡ Å¡ A¡hy„ L$ë`hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ s¡ Öìe_p¡ ( °p¥ìe_p¡) S> Acph
\B S>i¡; s¡\u s¡ °p¥ìe_¡ S>~f `qfZpdu dp_hy„ `X$i¡ A_¡ s¡ `qfZpd (A\p®s¹ D`pv$p_ê$` °p¥ìe_y„
L$pe®-s¡_u Ahõ\p) _¡ S> DÐ`pv$-ìeeê$` `ep®e L$l¡hpe R>¡. Äepf¡ s¡dp„ (`ep®edp„) fl¡g kpdpÞecph
(A\p®s¹ `ep®e S>¡_u b_¡g R>¡ s¡ cph) _¡ °p¥ìe L$l¡hpe A_¡ s¡_y„ gnZ R>¡ Ap s¡hy„ S> R>¡ A_¡ Ap
gnZ A ¡npA¡ s¡_¡ A`qfZpdu `Z L$l¡hpe `f„sy AÞe\p _rl, AÞe\p kdS>sp„ sp¡ rdÕepÐh_p¡
S> v$p¡j Aphi¡. D`k„lpf:-
Np\p 260 AÞhep\®:- ""D`f_p v$p¡jp¡_p ce\u s\p âL©$s Ap[õsL$sp_¡ BÃR>phpmp y{$jp¡A¡
Al] ApNm DÐ`pv$pqv$L$ ÓZ¡_p¡ D`f L$l¡gp¡ Arh_pcph S> dp_hp¡ Å¡BA¡.''
41
A\p®s¹ Ap hps gndp„ g¡hp S>¡hu R>¡ L¡$- S>¡ L$p¡C Ap fus\u hõsy-ìehõ\p _ dp_sp„ lp¡e
s¡Ap¡_¡ rdÕepÐhu S> kdS>hp„ A\p®s¹ S>¡ L$p¡C ApÐdp\} R>¡ s¡Ap¡A¡ AÓ¡ S>Zph¡g hõsy-ìehõ\p_¡
S> kçe¼ kdÆ_¡ A`_phhu `fd AphíeL$ R>¡, AÞe\p rdÕepÐh_p v$p¡j_¡ L$pfZ¡ `p¡sp_p¡ A_„s
k„kpf Dcp¡ S> fl¡i¡ A\p®s¹ A_„s v$y:M\u R|>V$L$pfp¡ _rl S> dm¡.
buSy>„ „QpÝepeu ip÷dp„ Ap rkhpe `Z Ap S> hpsp¡_¡ yóV$ L$fhphpmu A_¡L$ Np\pAp¡ R>¡
`f„sy rhõspfce_p L$pfZ¡ lh¡ Ap`Z¡ AdyL$ S> dlÐh_u Np\pAp¡ Å¡Biy„; s¡\u rhõspf~rQhpmpA¡
Ap ip÷_p¡ |Z® Z¡ Aæepk L$fhp S>¡hp¡ R>¡.
Np\p 303 AÞhep\®:- ""s¡\u S>¡ ks¹ rhr^ê$` (A\p®s¹ AÞheê$`, °yhê$`, kpdpÞeê$`,
Öìeê$`) A\hp r_j¡ ê$` (A\p®s¹ ìersf¡L$ê$`-DÐ`pv$ìeeê$`-rhi¡jê$`-`ep®eê$`) `Z L$ley„ R>¡ s¡
S> ks¹ (hõsy = Öìe) Al] `fõ`f_u A ¡npA¡ L$p¡B A¡L$dp„ L$p¡C buÅ¡ Nrc®s \B S>hp\u L$lu iL$pe
R>¡. A\p®s¹ `fõ`f kp ¡n lp¡hp\u A¡L$ buÅdp„ Nrc®s \B Åe R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ r_j¡ ê$` `ep®e R>¡ s¡ rhr^ê$` °yh_u S> b_¡g R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u L$fu_¡ s¡ bß¡ A¡L$ buÅdp„
Nrc®s \B Åe R>¡ A_¡ A ¡np A_ykpf L$p¡CA¡L$ S> (Öìepr\®L$_e A_¡ `ep®epr\®L$_e\u) S>Zpe R>¡
Äepf¡ âdpZ Qny\u Dce A\p®s¹ bß¡ S>Zpe R>¡.
cphp\®:- ""A¡ âdpZ¡ hõsy AÞhe-ìersf¡L$pÐdL$ rkÙ \hp\u S>¡ kde¡ hõsy rhr^ê$` L$lu
Åe R>¡ s¡ kde¡ r_j¡ ê$` rhi¡j^d® Np¥Zê$ ¡ A¡ rhr^dp„ Nrc®s \C Åe R>¡ (A\p®s¹ °yhdp„ `ep®e
Nrc®s \C Åe R>¡) A¡d kdS>hy„. s\p S>¡ kde¡ s¡ S> hõsy r_j¡ ê$`\u rhhrns \pe R>¡ s¡ kde¡
rhr^ê$` kpdpÞe `Z A¡ S> r_j¡ dp„ Np¥Zê$`\u Nrc®s \B Åe R>¡ (A\p®s¹ `ep®edp„ °yh Nrc®s
\C Åe R>¡-A\p®s¹ `ep®e °yh_u S> b_¡g R>¡) A¡d kdS>hy„. L$pfZ A[õs-_p[õs kh®\p «\L$ _\u
`f„sy `fõ`f kp ¡n R>¡, s¡\u rhhrns_u dy¿espdp„ Arhhrns Np¥Zê$`\u Nrc®s fl¡ R>¡.''
S>¥_ rkÙp„sdp„ Acph L$fhp_u Aphu fus R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ dy¿e-Np¥Zê$` ìehõ\p R>¡, AÞe\p _rl;
s¡\u S>¡_¡ AÞe fus_p¡ ApN°l R>¡-`n R>¡ s¡_¡ r_ed\u rdÕepÐhu ÅZhp¡.
Np\p 307 AÞhep\®:- ""kpfp„i A¡ R>¡ L¡$-rhr^ S> õhe„ (A\p®s¹ AÞhe S> õhe„, °yh S>
õhe„, kpdpÞe S> õhe„, Öìe S> õhe„) eyr¼ships (A\p®s¹ `ep®epr\®L$_e\u, `ep®eÖ[óV$\u, c¡v$Ö[óV$\u)
r_òe\u (AÓ¡ epv$ fpMhy„ r_òe\u S>Zph¡g R>¡) r_j¡ ê$` (A\p®s¹ ìersf¡L$ê$`, DÐ`pv$-ìeeê$`,
rhi¡jê$`, `ep®eê$`) \B Åe R>¡. s\p A¡ S> âdpZ¡ r_j¡ `Z (A\p®s¹ ìersf¡L$ê$`, DÐ`pv$-ìeeê$`,
rhi¡jê$`, `ep®eê$`) `p¡s¡ S> eyr¼shi\u (A\p®s¹ Öìepr\®¼_e\u, ÖìeÖ[óV$\u, Ac¡v$Ö[óV$\u) rhr^ê$`
(A\p®s¹ AÞheê$`, °yhê$`, kpdpÞeê$`, Öìeê$`) \B Åe R>¡.''
„QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u hõsyìehõ\p v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje42
lh¡ Ap Np\p\u Ar^L$ âdpZ iy„ Å¡BA¡ hõsyìehõ\p kdS>hp dpV$¡. AÓ¡ A¡ S> S>Zpìey„
R>¡ L¡$ ÖìeÖ[óV$ A\hp `ep®eÖ[óV$ A_ykpf A¡L$ S> hõsy ¾$d¡ Öìeê$` ( °yhê$`) A\hp `ep®eê$`
(DÐ`pv$ê$`, ìeeê$`) S>Zpe R>¡, Ðep„ L$p¡C n¡Ó A ¡npA¡ rhcpN _\u A_¡ Ap S> fus R>¡ S>¥_
rkÙp„s_u `ep®e frls Öìe_¡ Å¡hp_u, s¡\u S> ApQpe® cNh„s¡ ApNm_u Np\pdp„ L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$ -
Np\p 308 AÞhep\®:- ""A¡ âdpZ¡ Al] sÒh_¡ ÅZhphpmp L$p¡C`Z S>¥_ sÒhh¡v$u A¡hp
lp¡e R>¡ s¡ õepv$hpv$u L$l¡hpe R>¡. s\p A¡_p\u AÞe\p ÅZhphpmp tkldpZhL$ (rbëgu = rbgpX$u
_¡ tkl dp_hphpmp) L$l¡hpe R>¡.''
cphp\®:- ""A¡ âdpZ¡ A_¡L$p„spÐdL$ sÒh_¡ rhhnphi rhr^ h r_j¡ ê$` ÅZhp L$p¡C S>¥_ S>
kpQp¡ sÒhop_u s\p õepv$hpv$u L$l¡hpe R>¡, `Z A¡\u AÞeâL$pf¡ hõsy õhê$ _¡ ÅZhphpmp¡ y{$j kpQp¡
sÒhop_u hp õepv$hpv$u L$lu iL$pe _l], `f„sy tkldpZhL$ L$l¡hpe. A\p®s¹ S>¡d rbgpX$u_¡ tkl L$l¡hpdp„
Aph¡ R>¡ `f„sy hpõshdp„ s¡ tkl _\u `Z rbgpX$u S> R>¡, A¡ S> âdpZ¡ D`fp¡¼sê$ ¡ sÒh_¡ _ ÅZsp„
AÞeâL$pf¡ S>Zhphpmp y{$jp¡_¡ `Z D`Qpf\u S> sÒhop_u L$lu iL$pe, `Z hpõshdp„ _rl.''
A\p®s¹ Ap hps gndp„ g¡hp S>¡hu R>¡ L¡$- S>¡ L$p¡C AÓ¡ S>Zph¡g fus\u hõsy-ìehõ\p _
dp_sp„ lp¡e s¡Ap¡_¡ r_ed\u rdÕepÐhu S> kdS>hp„; ApNm `Z ApQpe® cNh„s Ap S> hõsy-
ìehõ\p ÖY$ L$fph¡ R>¡. S>¡d L¡$:-
Np\p 331 cphp\®:- ""sv$¹cph A_¡ Asv¹$cph_¡ (`fõ`f) r_f ¡n dp_hp\u |hp£¼s L$pe®-
L$pfZcph_p Acph _p¡ âk„N Aph¡ R>¡, `f„sy Å¡ b„_¡_¡ (`fõ`f) kp ¡n dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡
""V{XX§''(Ap s¡hy„ S> R>¡) ""V{XX§ Z'' (Ap s¡hy„ _\u) A¡ ApL$pfhpmp ss¹cph A_¡ Ass¹cph
âsursdp„ L$pe®-L$pfZ s\p q¾$ep-L$pfL$ A¡ b^p„ rkÙ \C Åe R>¡. kpfp„i L¡$-''
Np\p 332 AÞhep\®:- ""kpfp„i A¡ R>¡ L¡$ ks¹ Aks¹_u dpaL$ ss¹ s\p Ass¹ `Z rhr^-
r_j¡ ê$` lp¡e R>¡ `f„sy r_f ¡n`Z¡ _\u L$pfZ `fõ`f kp ¡n`Z¡ ss¹-Ass¹ A¡ bß¡ `Z sÒh R>¡.''
AÞe\p A\p®s¹ r_f ¡n`Z¡ s¡ AsÒh S> R>¡ s¡ kdS>hy„ AphíeL$ R>¡.
Np\p 333 AÞhep\®:- "" |hp£¼s L$\__p¡ Mygpkp¡ Ap âdpZ¡ R>¡ L¡$- S>¡ kde¡ L¡$hm ss¹_u
rhr^ dy¿e \pe R>¡ s¡ kde¡ L$\„rQs¹ A ©\L$ lp¡hp_p L$pfZ\u Ass¹ Np¥Z \B Åe R>¡ s¡\u hõsy
kpdpÞeê$ ¡ sÞdpÓ L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.'' Ap S> fus R>¡ rÓL$pmu °yh cNhp_ ApÐdp_u âp[às_u.
Np\p 334 AÞhep\®:- ""s\p S>¡ kde¡ `ep®epr\®L$_e_u A ¡npA¡ L¡$hm Ass¹ A¡ rhhnp
L$fhp ep¡Áe rhr^ dy¿e \pe R>¡ s¡ kde¡ ss¹ A¡ õhe„ Np¥Z \hp\u Arhhrns fl¡ R>¡ s¡\u hõsy_¡
AsÞdpÓ L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.''
43
Aphy„ R>¡ S>¥_ rkÙp„s A_ykpf hõsy_y„ õhê$` S>¡ kdÄep hNf rhL©$s ^pfZpAp¡_p¡ A„s i¼e
S> _\u L¡$ S>¡ dp¡ndpN®_p âh¡i A\£ AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡ A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡ rhL©$s ^pfZpAp¡_p¡
A„s A_¡ kçe¼ ^pfZp_p¡ õhuL$pf AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡.
Np\p 337 AÞhep\®:- ""W$uL$ R>¡, `f„sy r_òe\u "kh®\p' A¡ `v$ |h®L$ kh® L$\_ õh`f_p Ops
dpV$¡ R>¡, `f„sy õeps¹ v$ Üpfp ey¼s kh® `v$p¡ õh`f_p D`L$pf dpV$¡ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ õepv$hpv$ rkhpe L$p¡C_p¡e
DÝ^pf _\u Ap hps kh® S>¥_p¡A¡ sp¡ S>fp`Z c|ghp S>¡hu _\u S>.
Np\p 338 AÞhep\®:- ""lh¡ s¡_p¡ Mygpkp¡ Ap R>¡ L¡$ S>¡d ks¹ õhs:rkÙ R>¡ (r_Ðe R>¡) s¡
S> âdpZ¡ s¡ `qfZd_iug `Z R>¡ (DÐ`pv$-ìeeê$` = Ar_Ðe `Z R>¡) s¡\u A¡L$ S> ks¹ b¡
õhcphhpmy„ lp¡hp\u (AÓ¡ b¡ õhcphhpmy„ S>Zph¡g R>¡-b¡ cpNhpmy„ _ kdS>hy„) s¡ r_Ðe s\p
Ar_Ðeê$` R>¡.'' _rl L¡$ A¡L$ cpN A`qfZpdu A_¡ A¡L$ cpN `qfZpdu, A ¡npA¡ °yh_¡ A`qfZpdu
L$l¡hpe `f„sy s¡d d_pe _rl.
Np\p 339-340 AÞhep\®:- ""kpfp„i A¡ R>¡ L¡$ - S>¡ kde¡ Al] L¡$hm hõsy ( °yh = Öìe)
Ö[óV$Ns \pe R>¡ `qfZpd Ö[óV$Ns \sp _\u s¡ kde¡ Ðep„ Öìepr\®L$_e_u A ¡npA¡ hõsy Zp_p¡ _pi
_rl \hp\u k„ |Z® hõsy (AÓ¡ Ýep_dp„ g¡hp S>¡hu hps A¡ R>¡ L¡$ k„ |Z® hõsy S>Zph¡g R>¡ s¡dp„\u
L$p„B`Z L$pY$hpdp„ Aph¡g _\u-k„ |Z® hõsy A¡V$g¡ âdpZ_p¡ rhje) r_Ðe R>¡ ( °yh R>¡). A\hp S>¡
kde¡ Al] r_òe\u L¡$hm `qfZpd Ö[óV$Ns \pe R>¡, hõsy ( °yh = Öìe) Ö[óV$Ns \su _\u s¡ kde¡
`ep®epr\®L$_e_u A ¡npA¡ _rh_ `ep®e_u DÐ`rs s\p |h® `ep®e_p¡ Acph \hp\u k„ |Z® hõsy S>
Ar_Ðe R>¡ (A\p®s¹ `ep®eê$` R>¡).''
s¡\u kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ `ep®epr\®L$_e_p rhjeê$` `ep®e R>¡ s¡dp„ S> Öìe A„sN®s = Nrc®s
\B S>hp\u s¡ `ep®e s¡ Öìe_u S> b_¡g R>¡ s¡d L$lu iL$pe R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S> Öìe Å¡ iyÙ_e¡ L$fu iyÙ Å¡hpdp„
Aph¡ sp¡ s¡ S> „Qdcph A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph R>¡. Ap\u L$p¡C_¡ âï_ \pe L¡$ kdekpf Np\p-
13 dp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$ ""_h `v$p\®dp„ (sÒhdp„) Ry>`pe¡g ApÐdpÄep¡rs''s¡ iy„ R>¡? sp¡ s¡_p¡ DÑf R>¡ L¡$-
s¡ iyÙ _e¡ L$fu `fd`pqfZprdL$ cph S> R>¡, Ap hps ApNm Ap`Z¡ rhõspf\u kdÆiy„.
Np\p 411 AÞhep\®:- ""r_òe\u Arcßâv$¡i lp¡hp\u L$\„rQs¹ ks¹ ( °yh = Öìe) A_¡
`qfZpddp„ AÜ¥ssp R>¡ s\p v$u`L$ A_¡ âL$pi_u dpaL$ k„op-gnpqv$Üpfp c¡v$ lp¡hp\u ks¹ A_¡
`qfZpddp„ Ü¥s `Z R>¡''A\p®s¹ Öìe A_¡ `ep®e s¡ bß¡ Arcß âv$¡iu lp¡hp\u Ac¡v$ê$` R>¡ A_¡ gnZ
Üpfp c¡v$ `pX$u iL$psp lp¡hp\u -c¡v$ê$` ìehlpf \sp¡ lp¡hp\u c¡v$ê$` `Z R>¡, s¡\u L$\„rQs¹ c¡v$-
Ac¡v$ê$` L$l¡hpe R>¡.
„QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u hõsyìehõ\p v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje44
Np\p 412 AÞhep\®:- ""A\hp ks¹ A_¡ `qfZpd_u Ü¥ssp S>m A_¡ s¡_u sf„Np¡_u dpaL$
Arcß s\p rcß `Z R>¡, L$pfZ L¡$-S>m s\p L$ëgp¡gp¡dp„\u S>¡ kde¡ L$ëgp¡gp¡ A ¡npA¡ rhQpf
L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ s¡ kde¡ L$ëgp¡gp¡ Dv$e \pe R>¡ s\p rhgu_ \pe R>¡ s¡\u A¡ S>m\u L$\„rQs¹ rcß
R>¡, s\p S>¡ kde¡ S>m_u A ¡npA¡ rhQpf L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ s¡ kde¡ A¡ L$ëgp¡gp¡ Dv$edp_ s\p
rhgedp_ S> \su _\u `Z L¡$hm S>m S> S>m âsursdp_ \pe R>¡, s¡\u A¡ S>m\u L$\„rQs¹ Arcß
`Z R>¡ A¡ âdpZ¡ ks¹ ( °yh) A_¡ `qfZpd `Z L$\„rQs¹ rcß s\p L$\„rQs¹ Arcß R>¡.'' Ap S> fus
R>¡ rÓL$pmu °yh cNhp_ ApÐdp_u âp[às_u, AÞe\p _rl L$pfZ L¡$ AÞe\p dp_sp„ rdÕepÐh_p¡ v$p¡j
Aph¡ R>¡; lh¡ ApNm OV$ A_¡ d©rsL$p_y„ ÖóV$p„s S>Zph¡ R>¡.-
Np\p 413 AÞhep\®:- ""A\hp OV$ A_¡ d©rsL$p_p Ü¥s_p dpaL$ A¡ ks¹ A_¡ `qfZpd_y„ Ü¥s,
Ü¥s lp¡hp R>sp„ `Z AÜ¥s R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ -L¡$hm dpV$u`Zp_p ê$`\u r_Ðe R>¡ s\p L¡$hm OV$`Zp_p ê$`\u
Ar_Ðe R>¡.''
Np\p 414 AÞhep\®:- ""kpfp„i A¡ R>¡ L¡$-ks¹_p rhjedp„ âÐercop_âdpZ âpàs lp¡hp\u
ks¹ r_Ðe R>¡, S>¡d L¡$ "Ap s¡ S> R>¡' s\p r_ed\u "Ap s¡ _\u' A¡ âsurs\u ks¹ r_Ðe _\u A\p®s¹
Ar_Ðe R>¡.''
Np\p 591 cphp\®:- ""_ep¡_u `fõ`f kp ¡nsp s¡ _ep¡_p AÞe\pê$`\u _ \hphpmp
Arh_pcph_u Ûp¡sL$ (âL$piL$) R>¡, L$pfZ L¡$ -S>¡_p rh_p S>¡_u rkÙ _ \pe, s¡_¡ Arh_pcph L$l¡ R>¡
A\p®s¹ kpdpÞe rh_p rhi¡j_u s\p rhi¡j rh_p kpdpÞe_u rkrÙ \B iL$su _\u, s¡\u kpdpÞe_¡
rhje L$fhphpmp¡ S>¡ Öìepr\®L$ _e R>¡ s\p rhi¡j_¡ rhje L$fhphpmp¡ S>¡ `ep®epr\®L$_e R>¡ s¡ bß¡dp„
`fõ`f kp ¡n`Ï„ R>¡.''
Ad¡ Al] ÖìeNyZ`ep®eey¼s ks¹ õhê$` hõsy A\p®s¹ DÐ`pv$-ìee- °p¥ìe õhê$` ks¹ê$`
Öìe_u ìehõ\p `yf¡`yfu kdÅh¡g R>¡ A¡d kdÆ_¡, s¡ S>¡_p A\£ kdÅh¡g R>¡ s¡ A\p®s¹
kçeÁv$i®__p rhje D`f \p¡X$p¡ rhQpf L$fuiy„ A_¡ s¡_p¡ ip÷ Ap^pf Å¡Biy„.
45
9
kçeÁv$i®__y„ õhê$`
"kçeÁv$i®_' A¡ dp¡ndpN®_p v$fhpÅ kdp_ R>¡ A_¡ |Z® c¡v$op_ õhê$` õhpÐdp_yc|rsê$`
kçeÁv$i®_ \ep hNf dp¡ndpN®dp„ âh¡i i¼e S> _\u; Aphp c¡v$op_ey¼s-õhpÐdp_yc|rsey¼s
kçeÁv$i®__¡ S> r_òe kçeÁv$i®_ L$l¡hpe R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S> dp¡ndpN®_p âh¡i dpV$¡ hpõsrhL$ `fhp_p¡
R>¡ A_¡ Ap `fhp_p¡ dþep bpv$ A¡ Æh r_ed\u A ® yv¹$Ng`fphs®_ L$pmdp„ rkÙ \B S> Åe R>¡,
s¡\u L$fu_¡ Ap Æh_dp„ kp¥â\d dp„ â\d Å¡ L$p„C L$fhpep¡Áe lp¡e sp¡ s¡ R>¡ kçeÁv$i®_.
â\d Ap`Z¡ kçeÁv$i®__y„ õhê$` kdÆiy„; kçeÁv$i®_ A¡V$g¡ v$¡h-Ny{-^d®_y„ õhê$` S>¡d R>¡
s¡d kdS>hy„, AÞe\p _rl A_¡ Äep„ ky u L$p¡C`Z ApÐdp `p¡sp_y„ e\p\® õhê$` kdS>sp¡ _\u A\p®s¹
õh_u A_yc|rs L$fsp¡ _\u Ðep„ ky u v$¡h-Ny{-^d®_y„ e\p\® õhê$` `Z ÅZsp¡ _\u `f„sy s¡ dpÓ v$¡h-
Ny{-^d®_p bpü õhê$`_u S> îÙp L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ s¡_¡ S> kçeÁv$i®_ kdS>¡ R>¡ `f„sy s¡hu v$¡h-Ny{-
^d®_u bpü õhê$`_u S> îÙp e\p\® îÙp _\u A_¡ s¡\u s¡ r_òe kçeÁv$i®__y„ gnZ _\u L$pfZ
L¡$ S>¡ A¡L$_¡(ApÐdp_¡) ÅZ¡ R>¡ s¡ kh£_¡(Æh-AÆh hN¡f¡ _h sÒhp¡ A_¡ v$¡h-Ny{-^d®_y„ e\p\®
õhê$`_¡) ÅZ¡ R>¡ AÞe\p _rl L$pfZ L¡$ AÞe\p R>¡ s¡ ìehlpf(D`Qpf) L$\_ R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u s¡
kçeÁv$i®_ ch_p A„s dpV$¡ L$pe®L$pfu _\u. A\p®s¹ A¡L$ ApÐdp_¡ ÅZsp„ S> s¡ Æh kpQp v$¡h sÒh_p¡
A„i¡ A_ych L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u s¡ kpQp v$¡h_¡ A„sf\u Ap¡mM¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡d kpQp v$¡h_¡ ÅZsp„ S>
A\p®s¹ (õhpÐdp_yc|rs krls_u) îÙp \sp„ S> s¡ Æh s¡hp v$¡h b_hp_p dpN£ Qpgsp kpQp Ny{$_¡ `Z
A„sf\u Ap¡mM¡ R>¡ A_¡ kp\¡-kp\¡ s¡ Æh s¡hp v$¡h b_hp_p¡ dpN® bsphsp kpQp ip÷_¡ `Z
Ap¡mM¡ R>¡.
dpV$¡ â\d sp¡ ifuf_¡, ApÐdp _ kdS>hp¡ A_¡ ApÐdp_¡, ifuf _ kdS>hy„ A\p®s¹ ifufdp„
ApÐdpby[Ý^ lp¡hu s¡ rdÕepÐh R>¡; ifuf s¡ yv¹$Ng (S>X$) Öìe_y„ b_¡g R>¡ A_¡ ApÐdp s¡ AgN S>
(Q¡s_) Öìe lp¡hp\u yv¹$Ng_¡ ApÐdp kdS>hp¡ A\hp ApÐdp_¡ yv¹$Ng kdS>hy„ s¡ rh`fus kdS>Z
R>¡. buÆ fus¡ yv¹$Ng\u c¡v$op_ A_¡ õh_p A_ychê$` S> Mf¡M~„ kçeÁv$i®_ lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ s¡ L$d®\u
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje46
Å¡hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ L$dp£_u `p„Q/kps âL©$rs_p¡ D`id, nep¡ id A\hp ne_¡ kçeÁv$i®_ L$l¡hpe R>¡;
`f„sy R>Úõ\_¡ L$dp£_y„ op_ sp¡ \sy„ _\u, dpV$¡ Ap`Z¡ sp¡ â\d L$kp¡V$u\u A\p®s¹ yv¹$Ng\u c¡v$op_
A_¡ õhp_ychê$` (ApÐdp_yc|rsê$`) S> kçeÁv$i®_ kdS>hy„.
s¡\u L$fu_¡ âï_ \pe L¡$ kçeÁv$i®_ L$fhp dpV$¡, iy„ L$fhy„ S>~fu R>¡?
DÑf:- cNhp_¡ L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$ kh® Æhp¡ õhcph\u rkÙ kdp_ S> R>¡ sp¡ A¡ hps kdS>hu S>~fu
R>¡. îu r_edkpfdp„ L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$:-
Np\p 47 AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡hp rkÙ ApÐdpAp¡ R>¡ s¡hp chgu_ (k„kpfu) Æhp¡ R>¡, S>¡\u (s¡
k„kpfu Æhp¡ rkÙ ApÐdpAp¡_u dpaL$) S>Þd-dfZ\u frls A_¡ ApW$ NyZp¡\u Ag„L©$s R>¡''Ap hps
iyÙ Öìepepr\®L$_e_u A ¡npA¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ kçeÁv$i®__y„ õhê$` kdS>hp D`ep¡Nu R>¡.
Np\p 48 AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡d gp¡L$pN°¡ rkÙcNh„sp¡ Aifufu, Arh_piu, Ars[ÞÖe, r_d®m
A_¡ rhiyÙpÐdp (rhiyÙõhê$`u) R>¡, s¡d k„kpfdp„ (kh®) Æhp¡ ÅZhp''
Np\p 15 AÞhep\®:- ""d_yóe, _pfL$, rse¯Q A_¡ v$¡hê$` `ep®ep¡ s¡ rhcph`ep®ep¡ L$l¡hpdp„
Apìep R>¡; L$dp£ pr^ frls `ep®ep¡ s¡ õhcph`ep®ep¡ L$l¡hpdp„ Apìep R>¡.''
Np\p 49 AÞhep\®:- ""Ap ( |hp£L$s) b^p cphp¡ Mf¡Mf ìehlpf_e_p¡ Apîe L$fu_¡ (k„kpfu
Æhp¡dp„ rhÛdp_) L$l¡hpdp„ Apìep R>¡; iyÙ _e\u k„kpfdp„ fl¡gp kh® Æhp¡ rkÙ õhcphu R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 73 ïgp¡L$p\®:- """iyÙr_òe_e\u dyr¼sdp„ s¡d S> k„kpfdp„ saphs _\u' Apd S>
Mf¡Mf sÒh rhQpfsp„ (`fdp\® hõsy õhê$`_p¡ rhQpf A\hp r_ê$`Z L$fsp„) iyÙ sÒh_p frkL$ y{$jp¡
L$l¡ R>¡.''
Np\p 50 AÞhep\®:- "" |hp£L$s kh®cphp¡ `fõhcphp¡ R>¡, `fÖìe R>¡, s¡\u l¡e R>¡; A„s:sÒh
A¡hy„ õhÖìe- ApÐdp D`pv$¡e R>¡.''
Np\p 106 AÞhep\®:- ""Ap fus¡ S>¡ kv$p Æh A_¡ L$d®_p c¡v$_p¡ Aæepk L$f¡ R>¡, s¡ k„es
r_ed\u âÐep¿ep_ ^pfZ L$fhp_¡ ir¼sdp_ R>¡.''
Np\p 10 AÞhep\®:- ""Æh D`ep¡Nde R>¡. D`ep¡N op_ A_¡ v$i®_ R>¡. op_p¡ ep¡N b¡
âL$pf_p¡ R>¡; õhcphop_ A_¡ rhcphop_.''
ep¡Nkpf v$p¡lp 21 AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡ rS>_ R>¡ s¡ ApÐdp R>¡-A¡ rkÙp„s_p¡ kpf R>¡ A¡d sd¡
kdÅ¡. A¡d kdÆ_¡ l¡ ep¡NuAp¡ ! sd¡ dpepQpf_¡ R>p¡X$p¡.
ep¡Nkpf v$p¡lp 22 AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡ `fdpÐdp R>¡ s¡ S> ly„ Ry>„ A_¡ S>¡ ly„ Ry>„ s¡ S> `fdpÐdp
R>¡. A¡d ÅZu_¡ l¡ ep¡Nu ! AÞe rhL$ë` _ L$fp¡.''
47
D`f S>Zph¡g Np\pAp¡_p k„v$c®dp„ rhQpfuiy„ sp¡ gpNi¡ L¡$ v$¡Musu fus¡ sp¡ k„kpfu Æhp¡
ifufõ\ R>¡ A_¡ rkÙ_p Æhp¡ dy¼s R>¡, sp¡ k„kpfu_¡ rkÙ S>¡hp L$üp„, s¡ L$B A ¡npA¡?
DÑf- s¡ iyÙÖìepepr\®L$_e_u A ¡npA¡, S>¡d L¡$ k„kpfu Æhp¡ ifufõ\ lp¡hp R>sp„, s¡d_p¡
ApÐdp A¡L$ ÆhÐh ê$` `pqfZprdL$ cphê$` lp¡e R>¡. s¡ ÆhÐhê$` cph R>Úõ\_¡ (AiyÙÖìepepr\®L$_e¡
L$fu) AiyÙ lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ s¡ AiyÙ ÆhÐh cph A\p®s¹ AiyÙê$ ¡ `qfZd¡g ApÐdpdp„\u AiyrÙ_¡
(rhcphcph_¡) Np¥Z L$fsp„ S>, S>¡ ÆhÐhê$` cph i¡j fl¡ R>¡ s¡_¡ S> "`fd`pqfZprdL$cph',
"iyÙcph', "iyÙpÐdp', "L$pfZ`fdpÐdp', "L$pfZiyÙ`ep®e', "rkÙk×icph', "õhcphcph' hN¡f¡
A_¡L$ _pdp¡\u Ap¡mMpe R>¡ A_¡ s¡ cph_u A ¡npA¡ S> kh® Æhp¡ õhcph\u rkÙ kdp_ S> R>¡ A¡d
L$l¡hpe R>¡; lh¡ Ap`Z¡ s¡ S> hps ÖóV$p„s\u Å¡Biy„.
S>¡d X$lp¡mp„ `pZudp„ iyÙ `pZu Ry>`pe¡g R>¡ A¡hp r_òe\u S>¡ L$p¡B s¡dp„ aV$L$X$u (L$sL$am =
ALUM) a¡fh¡ R>¡ sp¡ AdyL$ kde bpv$ s¡dp„ (`pZudp„) fl¡g X$lp¡mê$` dpV$u smue¡ b¡ku S>hp\u, |h®_y„
X$lp¡my„ `pZu õhÃR>ê$` S>Zpe R>¡. s¡hu S> fus¡, S>¡ AiyÙê$` (fpN-Ü¡jê$`) `qfZd¡g ApÐdp R>¡
s¡dp„, rhcphê$` AiyÙcph_¡ âopR>uZu\u = by[Ý^ |h®L$ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> S>¡ iyÙpÐdp Ýep_dp„ Aph¡
R>¡ A\p®s¹ op_dp„ rhL$ë`ê$ ¡ Aph¡ R>¡, s¡_¡ cphcpk_ L$l¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ iyÙpÐdp_u A_yc|rs \sp„ S>
Æh_¡ kçeÁv$i®_ \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ Æh s¡ iyÙApÐdê$`dp„ (õhcphdp„ = õhê$`dp„) "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp„
S>, L¡$ S>¡ `l¡gp ifufdp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp¡ lsp¡, s¡ Æh_¡ kçeÁv$i®_ \pe R>¡; Ap fus R>¡ kçeÁv$i®__u
A\p®s¹ "S>¡ Æh fpN-Ü¡jê$` `qfZd¡g lp¡hp„ R>sp„ `Z dpÓ iyÙpÐdpdp„ S> (ÖìepÐdpdp„ S>=
õhcphdp„ S>) "ly„ `Ï„' (A¡L$Ðh) L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_p¡ S> A_ych L$f¡ R>¡, s¡ S> Æh kçeÁÖ[óV$
R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ S> kçeÁv$i®__u fus R>¡.'
buSy> ÖóV$p„s- S>¡d v$ ®Zdp„ (Afukpdp„) AgN AgN Ås_p„ A_¡L$ ârstbbp¡ lp¡e R>¡ `f„sy
s¡ ârstbbp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> õhÃR> v$ ®Z Ö[óV$dp„ Aph¡ R>¡ s¡hu S> fus¡ ApÐdpdp„ A\p®s¹ op_dp„ S>¡
o¡e lp¡e R>¡ s¡ o¡ep¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> r_rh®L$ë`ê$` op_ _p¡ A\p®s¹ ""iyÙpÐdp' _p¡ A_ych \pe R>¡;
Ap S> kçeÁv$i®__u fus R>¡, Ap S> fus\u AiyÙ ApÐdpdp„ `Z rkÙ kdp_, iyÙpÐdp _p¡ r_Z®e
L$fhp¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp„, kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ \pe R>¡.
L$p¡C A¡hy„ dp_sp„ lp¡e L¡$ Öìedp„ iyÙcpN A_¡ AiyÙcpN A¡hp b¡ cpN R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ iyÙcpN
R>¡ s¡ Öìe R>¡ A_¡ AiyÙcpN R>¡ s¡ `ep®e R>¡ sp¡ Öìedp„ A ¡npA¡ kdS>sp„ b¡ cpN _l] `f„sy b¡ cph
R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ hps Ad¡ â\d S> ip÷_u Np\pAp¡\u r_:k„v$¡l kprbs L$f¡g S> R>¡. s¡ b¡ cph A¡hu fus¡
R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ rhi¡j R>¡, s¡ `ep®e L$l¡hpe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ rhcphcph krls lp¡hp\u AiyÙ L$l¡hpe R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ s¡_p¡
kçeÁv$i®__y„ õhê$`
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje48
S> kpdpÞecph R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph ê$` R>¡, s¡ Öìe L¡$ S>¡ rÓL$pm iyÙ S> lp¡e R>¡; A¡
A ¡npA¡ Öìe iyÙ A_¡ `ep®e AiyÙ A¡d L$l¡hpe `f„sy b¡ cpNê$` _l].
S>¡d R>Úõ\ Æhp¡_¡ ApÐdp_p v$f¡L$ âv$¡i¡ A_„s A_„s L$pd®Z hN®ZpAp¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ L$pd®Z
hN®ZpAp¡ ApÐdp_p kh£ âv$¡ip¡ kp\¡ nuf-_ufhs (v$| dp„ `pZu_u dpaL$) k„b„ \u b„ pe¡gu lp¡hp_u
A ¡npA¡ ApÐdp_p¡ L$p¡C`Z âv$¡i iyÙ _\u. A\p®s¹ Å¡ L$p¡C A¡d L$l¡ L¡$ ApÐdp_p dÝe_p ApW$ ~QL$
âv$¡i sp¡ r_fphfZ S> lp¡e R>¡, sp¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ Ad¡ S>ZphuA¡ R>uA¡ L¡$ Å¡ ApÐdp_p¡ dpÓ A¡L$`Z âv$¡i
r_fphfZ lp¡esp¡, s¡ âv$¡idp„ A¡V$gu ir¼s R>¡ L¡$ s¡ kh® gp¡L$pgp¡L$ ÅZu g¡ L$pfZ Å¡ A¡L$ `Z âv$¡i
r_fphfZ lp¡esp¡ s¡ âv$¡i¡ L¡$hmop_ A_¡ L¡$hmv$i®_ dp_hp_p¡ âk„N Aphi¡ A_¡ s¡\u L$fu_¡ s¡ ApÐdp
kh® gp¡L$pgp¡L$ klS> fus\u S> ÅZsp¡ \C S>i¡. `f„sy âNV$dp„ Å¡sp„ Ap`Z_¡ S>Zpe R>¡ L¡$ A¡hy„ sp¡
L$p¡C S> Æhdp„ OV$sy„ S>Zpsy„ _\u, Ap\u L$fu_¡ Æh_p dÝe_p ApW$ ~QL$ âv$¡i r_fphfZ lp¡e R>¡,
s¡ hps_y„ r_fpL$fZ \pe R>¡, s¡ hps kÐe _\u; S>¡_y„ âdpZ R>¡ ^hgp yõsL$ 12dp„- ©›$ ¾$dp„L$ 365
\u 368, s¡ Æopky Æhp¡_¡ Å¡C g¡hp Adpfu rh_„rs R>¡.
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kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje A\p®s¹ Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje
lh¡ Ap`Z¡ Å¡ey„ L¡$ R>Úõ\ ApÐdp_p âÐe¡L$ âv$¡i¡ A_„s L$d®hN®ZpAp¡ lp¡hp\u s¡ AiyÙ
ApÐdp sfuL¡$ S> `qfZd¡g lp¡e R>¡, sp¡ s¡dp„ Ap iyÙpÐdp ¼ep„ fl¡ R>¡? s¡_p¡ DÑf A¡d R>¡ L¡$- c¡v$op_
\u (âopR>uZu\u) A\p®s¹ Æh A_¡ yv¹$Ng hÃQ¡_p c¡v$op_\u A\p®s¹ Æh_p gnZ\u Æh_¡ N°lZ
L$fhp¡ A_¡ yv¹$Ng_p gnZ\u yv¹$Ng_¡ A_¡ `R>u s¡dp„ âopê$`uR>uZu\u (suh° by[Ý^\u) c¡v$op_
L$fsp„ iyÙpÐdp âpàs \pe R>¡.
s¡ A¡hu fus¡ L¡$ â\d sp¡ âNV$dp„ ApÐdp_p gnZ\u A¡V$g¡ op_ê$` Å¡hp-ÅZhp_p gnZ\u
ApÐdp_¡ N°lZ L$fsp„ S>, yv¹$NgdpÓ kp\¡ c¡v$op_ \C Åe R>¡ A_¡ `R>u s¡_p\u ApNm h^sp
Æh_p S>¡ Qpfcphp¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ Dv$ecph, D`idcph, nep¡ idcph A_¡ npreL$cph s¡ Qpf cphp¡
L$d®_u A ¡np\u L$üp R>¡ A_¡ L$dp£ yv¹$Ngê$` S> lp¡e R>¡; s¡\u s¡ Qpfcphp¡_¡ `Z yv¹$Ng_p„ Mpspdp„
_p„Mu, âopê$` by[Ý^\u A\p®s¹ s¡ Qpf cphp¡_¡ Æhdp„\u Np¥Z L$fsp„ S>, S>¡ Æhcph i¡j fl¡ R>¡ s¡_¡
S> `fd`pqfZprdL$cph, iyÙpÐdp, L$pfZiyÙ`ep®e, õhcphcph, klS>op_ê$`u kpd°pÄe, iyÙ
Q¥sÞecph, õhcphv$i®_p¡ ep¡N, L$pfZõhcphv$i®_p¡ ep¡N, L$pfZõhcphop_p¡ ep¡N, L$pfZkdekpf,
L$pfZ-`fdpÐdp, r_ÐeiyÙ r_f„S>_op_õhê$`, v$i®_op_QpqfÓpê$ ¡ `qfZdsy„ A¡hy„ Q¥sÞekpdpÞeê$`,
Q¥sÞe-A_yrh^peu `qfZpdê$`, klS>NyZdrZ_u MpZ, kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje (Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje)
hN¡f¡ A_¡L$ _pdp¡\u Ap¡mMpe R>¡ A_¡ s¡_p A_ych¡ S> r_òe kçeÁv$i®_ L$l¡hpe R>¡. s¡ cph_u
A ¡npA¡ S> kh® Æhp¡ õhcph\u rkÙ kdp_ S> R>¡ A¡d L$l¡hpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡_p A_ych_¡ S>
r_rh®L$ë` A_yc|rs L$l¡hpe R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ kpdpÞecph õhê$` lp¡hp\u s¡dp„ L$p¡C S> rhL$ë`_¡ õ\p_ S>
_\u s¡\u s¡_u A_yc|rs \sp„ S> A„i¡ rkÙÐh_p¡ `Z A_ych \pe R>¡.
c¡v$op__u fus Aphu R>¡ L¡$ S>¡dp„ Æh_p„ S>¡ Qpfcphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$ep® A_¡ S>¡ iyÙ ÆhÐh lpS>f
\ey„ s¡ A ¡npA¡ s¡_¡ L$p¡B "`ep®e frls_y„ Öìe s¡ Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje R>¡' A¡d `Z L$l¡ R>¡. A\p®s¹ Öìedp„\u
L$p„B S> L$pY$hp_y„ _\u dpÓ rhcphcphp¡_¡ S> Np¥Z L$fhp_p R>¡ A_¡ s¡ A ¡npA¡ L$p¡B L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ "hs®dp_
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje50
`ep®e rkhpe_y„ ApMy„ Öìe s¡ Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje R>¡' A\p®s¹ L$\_ L$p¡C`Z lp¡e `f„sy ìehõ\p sp¡ AÓ¡
S>Zph¡g R>¡ s¡hu, A\p®s¹ Np¥Z L$fhp_u A_¡ dy¿e L$fhp_u S> R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ |h£ Ap`Z¡ rhõspf\u kdÄep
S> R>uA¡.
s¡hu S> fus¡ Å¡ L$p¡B L$l¡ L¡$- ApÐdp blpf\u AiyÙ A_¡ A„v$f\u iyÙ sp¡ s¡hy„ L$\_ A ¡npA¡
kdS>hy„, A¡L$p„s¡ A\p®s¹ hpõsrhL$ ê$` _l] L$pfZ L¡$ S>¡hp¡ ApÐdp blpf R>¡ s¡hp¡ S> A„v$f R>¡, A\p®s¹
ApÐdp_p A„v$f_p A_¡ blpf_p âÐe¡L$ âv$¡i¡ (n¡Ó¡) A_„sp_„s L$pdp®ZhN®ZpAp¡ nuf-_ufhs gpN¡gu
lp¡hp\u, S>¡hu AiyrÙ blpf_p n¡Ó¡ R>¡ s¡hu S> AiyrÙ A„v$f_p n¡Ó¡ `Z R>¡. `f„sy A ¡npA¡ blpf
A¡V$g¡ rhi¡jcphê$` rhcphcph A_¡ A„v$f A¡V$g¡ kpdpÞecphê$` `fd`pqfZprdL$ cph L¡$ S>¡ ÓZ¡
L$pm¡ iyÙ S> R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u S> ìeL$sê$` ApÐdp AiyÙ A_¡ AìeL$sê$` ApÐdp iyÙ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ A ¡npA¡
A„v$f\u iyÙ A_¡ blpf\u AiyÙ A¡d L$lu iL$pe, AÞe\p _rl. L$p¡C ApÐdpdp„ A„v$f A¡L$p„s iyÙ
°yhcph ip¡ sy„ lp¡e sp¡, s¡hp¡ A¡L$p„s iyÙ °yhcph ApÐdpdp„ _\u A\p®s¹ L$p¡C`Z L$\_ s¡_u A ¡np
krls kdS>hy„ Ar_hpe® R>¡, _rl sp¡ A¡hy„ dp_hphpmp r_ed\u c°dê$` S> `qfZdi¡.
s¡hu S> fus¡ AÞe L$p¡B L$l¡ L¡$ Ap` sp¡ Ö[óV$_p rhjedp„ âdpZ_y„ Öìe gp¡ R>p¡ sp¡ v$p¡j Aphi¡,
s¡Ap¡_¡ Ad¡ S>ZphuA¡ R>uA¡ L¡$ |h£ Ad¡ rhõspf\u kdÅìep A_ykpf, S>¡V$gp âv$¡ip¡ (n¡Ó) âdpZ_p
Öìe_p R>¡ s¡V$gp S> âv$¡ip¡ (n¡Ó) `fd`pqfZprdL$cph ê$` Ö[óV$_p rhje_p R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡V$gp S> âv$¡ip¡
iyÙpÐdp_p R>¡. buSy>„, s¡ âdpZ_p Öìe_¡ S> Ad¡ iyÙ Öìepepr\®L$_e_p Qny\u Å¡BA¡ R>uA¡ A_¡ s¡\u
S> Ad¡ s¡_¡ S> `fd`pqfZprdL$cph L$luA¡ R>uA¡ L¡$ S>¡_¡ Ap` âdpZQny\u Å¡sp„, âdpZ_p¡ rhje
L$lp¡ R>p¡ A_¡ s¡ âdpZ_p rhjedp„ Ap` iyÙ A_¡ AiyÙ A¡hp cph _rl `f„sy cpN dp_p¡ R>p¡, s¡\u
Ap`_u Ö[óV$dp„ v$p¡j R>¡, sp¡ s¡dp„ Adpfp¡ L$p¡C v$p¡j _\u. Ad¡ sp¡ s¡_¡ S> A\p®s¹ âdpZ_p Öìe_¡ S>
iyÙÖìepepr\®L$_e¡ L$fu s¡_¡ S> `fd iyÙ A¡hp¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` A_ychuA¡ R>uA¡ A_¡
`fdkyM_p¡ A_ych L$fuA¡ R>uA¡. sp¡ s¡\u L$fu_¡ Ap` `Z Ö[óV$ bv$gu_¡ s¡_¡ S> iyÙ Sy>Ap¡ A_¡ Ap`
`Z s¡_p¡ A\p®s¹ ks¹-rQs-Ap_„v$ õhê$`_p¡ Ap_„v$ gp¡, A¡hu Adpfu rh_„su R>¡; Ap S> kçeÁv$i®__y„
õhê$` R>¡ A_¡ Ap S> kçeÁv$i®__u fus R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ õ\|m\u S> k|ÿddp„ S>hpe A\p®s¹ âNV$\u S>
AâNV$dp„ S>hpe A\p®s¹ ìe¼s\u S> Aìe¼sdp„ S>hpe A¡ S> r_ed R>¡.
Ap L$pfZ\u Adpfp¡ ApN°l R>¡ L¡$ "S>¡d R>¡ s¡d' hõsyìehõ\p kdÆ_¡ âdpZ_p rhje_y„
"S>¡d R>¡ s¡d' op_ L$fu_¡ `R>u s¡dp„\u S> iyÙÖìepepr\®L$_e_p¡ rhje N°lZ L$fhp ep¡Áe R>¡. `f„sy S>¡
AÓ¡ S>Zph¡g eyr¼s A_ykpf Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje _ dp_sp„, AÞe\p N°lZ L$f¡ R>¡ s¡ iyÙ_epcpkê$` A¡L$p„s
iyÙpÐdp _¡ ip¡ ¡ R>¡ A_¡ dp_¡ R>¡, s¡ dpÓ c°dê$` S> `qfZd¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡hp¡ A¡L$p„s iyÙpÐdp L$pe®L$pfu
_\u L$pfZ s¡hp¡ A¡L$p„s iyÙpÐdp âpàs S> \sp¡ _\u A_¡ s¡\u L$fu_¡ s¡ Æh c°ddp„ S> flu_¡ A_„s
51
k„kpf h^pfu_¡ A_„s v$y:Mp¡_¡ âpàs L$f¡ R>¡; S>¥_ ipk__p„ _e_p Aop__p L$pfZ¡ A_¡ kdÄep hNf
dpÓ iåv$_¡ S> N°lZ L$fu s¡_p S> ApN°l_¡ L$pfZ¡ Aphu v$ip \pe R>¡ S>¡ AÐe„s L$~ZpS>_L$ hps R>¡.
AÓ¡ kdÅh¡g iyÙÖìepepr\®L$_e_p¡ rhje R>¡ s¡ S> D`pv$¡eê$` iyÙpÐdp R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S>
kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡ s¡\u S> A\p®s¹ c¡v$op_ L$fphhp A_¡ iyÙpÐdp_p¡ A_ych L$fphhp dpV$¡ S>
r_edkpf A_¡ kdekpf S>¡hp„ ApÝep[ÐdL$ ip÷p¡dp„ s¡_p¡ S> drldp Npe¡g R>¡ A_¡ s¡_y„ S>
drldpd„X$_ L$f¡g R>¡. s¡\u s¡ ip÷p¡dp„ âdpZ_p rhjeê$` ApÐdpdp„\u S>¡V$gp cphp¡ yv¹$Ng Aprîs
R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡V$gp cphp¡ L$dp®rîs (L$d®_u A ¡np fpMhphpmp) R>¡ s¡hp cphp¡_¡ `fcph sfuL¡$ hZ®ìep
R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡Ap¡_¡ õhp„Nê$`cphp¡ sfuL¡$ hZ®ìep R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ cphp¡ l¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fhp ep¡Áe _\u,
Ap S> A ¡npkrls lh¡ Ap`Z¡ „QpÝepeu_u Np\pAp¡ Å¡Biy„.
kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje A\p®s¹ Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje52
11
"`„QpÝepeu `|hp®^®'_u Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡
Np\p 532 AÞhep\®:- ""Ap Akv¹$c|sìehlpf_e_¡ ÅZhp_y„ am A¡ R>¡ L¡$ Al] `fprîs`Z¡
\hphpmp cph¾$p¡ pqv$ k„ |Z® D`pr^dpÓ R>p¡X$u bpL$u_p s¡_p (Æh_p) iyÙNyZp¡ R>¡ A¡d dp_u_¡ Al]
L$p¡B y{$j kçeÁÖ[óV$ \B iL¡$.'' Ap Np\pdp„ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje S>Zph¡g R>¡ A_¡ s¡_p cphhp\u
Æh kçeÁÖ[óV$ \C iL¡$ R>¡ s¡d S>Zph¡g R>¡.
cphp\®:- ""Ap Akv¹$c|sìehlpf_e_y„ âep¡S>_ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ -fpNpqv$cph_¡ Æh_p L$üp R>¡ s¡
Akv¹$c|s ìehlpf_e\u R>¡ `Z r_òe\u _rl [r_òe\u S>¡ cph S>¡_p gn¡ \pe s¡ cph s¡_p¡
kdS>hp¡, s¡\u S>¡ ÖìefpNpqv$cph yv¹$Ngê$` R>¡ s¡ L$d®_p R>¡ A_¡ cphfpNpqv$cph R>¡ s¡ Æh_p lp¡hp
R>sp„, s¡ L$d®_p Dv$e_¡ L$pfZ¡ lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ L$d®_p Mpspdp„ _pMu, r_òe\u s¡_¡ `fcph L$l¡hpe R>¡ L$pfZ
L¡$ s¡ cphp¡ kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡ "ly„ `Ï„'(A¡L$Ðh) L$fhp ep¡Áe cphp¡ _\u], Ap\u L$p¡B cìepÐdp
D`pr^dpÓ A„i_¡ R>p¡X$u (Ap D`pr^ê$` A„i R>p¡X$hp_u fus âopê$` by[Ý^\u s¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fhp_u R>¡
buÆ L$p¡C _tl) r_òesÒh_¡ N°lZ L$fhp_p¡ BÃR>L$ b_u kçeÁÖ[óV$ \B iL¡$ R>¡, L$pfZ L¡$ kh® _ep¡dp„
r_òe_e S> D`pv$¡e R>¡ `Z bpL$u_p L$p¡C _e _rl. bpL$u_p _ep¡ sp¡ dpÓ `qf[õ\rshi ârs`pÛrhje_y„
r_ê$`ZdpÓ L$f¡ R>¡ s¡\u A¡L$ r_òe_e S> ¼ëepZL$pfu R>¡.....''
Np\p 545 AÞhep\®:- ""o¡e-opeL$dp„ k„ch \hphpmp k„L$fv$p¡j_p c°d_¡ ne L$fhp¡ A\hp
Arh_pcph\u kpdpÞe_¡ kpÝe A_¡ rhi¡j_¡ kp^L$ \hy„ A¡ S> Ap D`Qqfs kv¹$c|sìehlpf_e_y„
âep¡S>_ R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ `f_¡ ÅZsp„ k„L$fv$p¡j \pe R>¡ A¡hp c°d_p¡ _pi L$fhp¡ s¡ âep¡S>_ R>¡ A_¡ kp\¡-kp\¡
s¡d `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$ `f_¡ ÅZhy„ s¡ õhdp„ S>hp_u kuX$u R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ õ\|m\u S> k|ÿddp„ S>hpe
A\p®s¹ âNV$\u S> AâNV$dp„ S>hpe A\p®s¹ ìe¼s\u S> Aìe¼sdp„ S>hpe A¡ S> r_ed R>¡. A\p®s¹
`f_¡ ÅZhy„ s¡ kçeÁv$i®_ \hpdp„ dv$v$ê$` \C iL¡$ R>¡ _rl L¡$ AX$QZê$` A_¡ dpV$¡ L$p¡CA¡ "`f_¡
ÅZsp„ ApÐdp rdÕepÖ[óV$ \C S>i¡' A¡hy„ dp_hp_¡ L$p¡C L$pfZ _\u L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ S> op__p¡ õhcph
R>¡. S>¡d õhprdL$prs®L¡$ep_yâ¡np Np\p 247dp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""Å¡ b^ue hõsy A¡L$ op_ S> R>¡ A_¡
53
s¡ S> _p_pê$`\u [õ\s R>¡- fl¡ R>¡ sp¡ A¡d dp_sp„ o¡e L$p„C `Z _ W$ey, A_¡ o¡e rh_p op_ S> L¡$hu
fus¡ W$fi¡?'' cphp\®- "".......... L$pfZ L¡$ o¡e_¡ ÅZ¡ s¡ S> op_ L$l¡hpe R>¡ `Z o¡e rh_p op_
_\u.''
cphp\®:- ""D`Qqfskv¹$c|sìehlpf_e__u A ¡npA¡ A\® rhL$ë`_¡ âdpZ (A\p®s¹ õh-`f
_¡ ÅZhp_¡ âdpZ) L$l¡hp_y„ âep¡S>_ Ap R>¡ L¡$-A¡d L$l¡hp\u op_ A_¡ o¡edp„ S>¡ k„L$f`Zp„_p¡ c°d
\sp¡ lsp¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡Ap¡_¡ gpN¡ R>¡ L¡$ ApÐdp `f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ A¡d dp_sp„ kçeÁv$i®_ _rl \pe, s¡hp¡
k„L$f`Zp„_p¡ c°d \pe R>¡) s¡ c°d_y„ Ap r_hpfZ \B Åe R>¡, L$pfZ L¡$ -op__¡ A\®rhL$ë`pÐdL$ (`f_¡
ÅZhphpmy„) L$l¡hy„ A¡ D`Qqfs kv¹$c|sìehlpf_e_u A ¡np\u R>¡. op_, opeL$ R>¡ s\p õh`f, o¡e
\pe R>¡ s¡\u op_ A_¡ o¡edp„ hpõshdp„ k„L$fsp„ \su _\u ( |h£ S>¡d Afukp_y„ ÖóV$p„s kdÅìey„ R>¡
s¡ âdpZ¡) buSy>„ âep¡S>_ Ap âdpZ¡ R>¡ L¡$- A\®rhL$ë`pÐdL$ rhi¡j op_ (`f_¡ ÅZhy„) kp^L$
(A\p®s¹ õhdp„ S>hp_u kuX$u) R>¡ s\p kpdpÞe op_ kpÝe R>¡ (A\p®s¹ `f_¡ ÅZhy„ s¡ opeL$dp„ S>hp_u
kuX$u R>¡ ep_¡ L¡$ kçeÁv$i®_ L$fhp dpV$¡_u s¡ fus Afukp_p ÖóV$p„s_u S>¡d S> R>¡). A\p®s¹ kpdpÞeop_,
A_y Qqfs kv¹$c|sìehlpf_e_p¡ rhje kpÝe (A\p®s¹ opeL$ A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$ cph, Ö[óV$_p¡
rhje kpÝe) s\p op__¡ A\®rhL$ë`pÐdL$ (A\p®s¹ op_ `f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ A¡d) L$l¡hy„ A¡ D`Qqfs
kv¹$c|sìehlpf_e_p¡ rhje kp^L$ (kuX$u) R>¡.''
AÓ¡ rhi¡j A¡ R>¡ L¡$ s¡\u S> c¡v$op_ dpV$¡, kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡ L$lu iL$pe L¡$-S>¡d L$p¡B dl¡g_p
T~Mpdp„\u r_lpmsp¡ y{$j, `p¡s¡ S> o¡ep¡ _¡ r_lpm¡ R>¡ _rl L¡$ T~Mp¡; s¡ S> fus¡ Ap T~Mpê$`u
Ap„M\u S>¡ o¡ep¡_¡ r_lpm¡ R>¡, s¡ opeL$ `p¡s¡ S> _rl L¡$ Ap„Mp¡ A_¡ ""s¡ S> ly„ Ry>„'' ""kp¡l„'', s¡
""op_dpÓ õhê$` S> ly„ Ry>„'' A\p®s¹ ly„ dpÓ Å¡hp-ÅZhphpmp¡ opeL$-op_dpÓ-iyÙpÐdp Ry>„, Apd
gndp„ g¡sp„ opeL$ê$` kpdpÞeop_ kpÝe \pe R>¡ A_¡ `f_¡ ÅZhy„ s¡ kp^_ (kuX$u) ê$` \pe R>¡ L¡$
S>¡ A\®rhL$ë`pÐdL$ op_ R>¡; Ap S> kçeÁv$i®__u fus R>¡. Æh_¡ `f_¡ ÅZhphpmp¡ L$lu_¡ s¡dp„\u
âep¡S>_ rkÙ L$ep® bpv$ lh¡ Æh_¡ ¾$p¡ pqv$hpmp¡ L$l¡hp\u iy„ âep¡S>_ rkÙ \pe R>¡, s¡ S>Zph¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹
fpN Æhdp„ \pe R>¡ s¡_p\u iy„ âep¡S>_ R>¡? -
Np\p 565 AÞhep\®:- ""(hZp®qv$cphp¡ Æh_p R>¡) A¡ âL$pf_y„ L$l¡hy„ bfpbf _\u L$pfZ L¡$
S>¡hu fus¡ ¾$p¡ pqv$cphp¡ (fpNpqv$cphp¡) Æh_p k„ch¡ R>¡ s¡hu fus¡ yv$NgpÐdL$ ifuf_p hZp®qv$L$ Æh_p
k„chu i¼sp S> _\u.''
Ap`Z¡ S>¡ kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡ c¡v$op__u rhr^ kdÄep L¡$- â\d yv¹$Ng\u c¡v$op_ A_¡
`R>u\u Æh_p fpNpqv$ê$` cphp¡ L¡$ S>¡ L$d® = yv¹$Ng Aprîs R>¡, s¡_p\u c¡v$op_ A_¡ s¡ c¡v$op_ `R>u
S> iyÙpÐdp âpàs \pe R>¡. s¡\u S> Al] S>Zpìey„ R>¡ L¡$ ifuf_p hZp®qv$cphp¡ sp¡ ApÐdp_p R>¡ S> _rl
„QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje54
`Z S>¡ fpNpqv$cphp¡ R>¡ s¡ (cphfpNpqv$cphp¡) sp¡ Æhdp„ S> \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ Æh S> s¡ ê$` `qfZd¡
R>¡, Æh L$d®_p r_rdÑ¡ s¡ ê$ ¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡, s¡\u Å¡ cphfpNpqv$cphp¡ Æh_p L$luA¡ sp¡ L$lu iL$pe,
s¡_p\u iy„ âep¡S>_ rkÙ \pe R>¡?
cphp\®:- ""(¾$p¡ pqv$cphp¡_¡ Æh_p L$l¡hp s¡ _epcpk S> R>¡ s¡hu) D`f L$l¡gu i„L$p bfpbf _\u
L$pfZ L¡$ -s¡ ¾$p¡^pqv$cph sp¡ Æhdp„ \_pfp Ap¥v$preL$cphê$` R>¡ s¡\u s¡ Æh_p sv¹$NyZ (Æh_y„ S>
`qfZd_) R>¡; A_¡ s¡ Æh_p¡ _¥rdrÑL$cph lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ kh®\p yv¹$Ng_p¡ L$lu iL$psp¡ _\u, `Z Æh_¡
hZp®qv$hpmp¡ L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ Ðep„ sp¡ hZp®qv$L$ kh®\p yv¹$Ng_p S> lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ Æh_p L$B fus¡ L$lu iL$pe?
hmu ¾$p¡ pqv$cphp¡_¡ Æh_p L$l¡hpdp„ sp¡ Ap âep¡S>_ R>¡ L¡$-`fgn¡ \_pfp ¾$p¡ pqv$cphp¡ nrZL$
lp¡hp\u A_¡ ApÐdp_p¡ õhcph _rl lp¡hp\u s¡ D`pv$¡e _\u dpV$¡ s¡_¡ V$pmhp Å¡BA¡, Aphy„ kçe¼op_
\pe R>¡ s¡\u (`f„sy S>¡ gp¡L$p¡ A¡L$p„s¡ iyÙsp_p c°ddp„ lp¡e R>¡ s¡Ap¡ ¾$p¡ pqv$ L$fhp R>sp„, s¡_¡ `p¡sp_p _rl
dp_u_¡ õhÃR>„v$u \pe R>¡ s¡ kçe¼op_ _\u `Z rdÕepÐh R>¡) ¾$p¡ _¡ Æh_p¡ L$l¡hp¡ s¡dp„ sp¡ D`ey®¼s
kçeL$¹_e gpNy `X$u iL¡$ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ s¡_¡ A¡L$p„s¡ `f_p dp_¡ R>¡ s¡ rdÕepÐhu R>¡), `f„sy Æh_¡
hZp®qv$hpmp¡ L$l¡hpdp„ sp¡ L$p„C `Z âep¡S>__u rkrÙ \B iL$su _\u, dpV$¡ Æh_¡ ¾$p¡ pqv$hpmp¡ L$l¡_pfp
Akv¹$c|sìehlpf_edp„ sp¡ _epcpk`Zp_p¡ v$p¡j Aphsp¡ _\u `Z Æh_¡ hZp®qv$hpmp¡ L$l¡hpdp„ sp¡ s¡ v$p¡j
Aph¡ R>¡ s¡\u s¡ _epcpk R>¡.''
Ad¡ `|h£ kçeÁv$i®__u fus rhi¡ QQp® L$fsu hMs¡ S>¡ r_rh®L$ë` A_yc|rsê$` kçeÁv$i®_
S>Zph¡g s¡ S> cph rhi¡j õ`óV$ L$fsp„ ApNm S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡$- Ðepf¡ Ðep„ L$p¡C`Z _e_y„ Ahg„b_ _\u-
Np\p 648 AÞhep\®:- ""s¡ õhp_yc|rs_p¡ drldp Ap âdpZ¡ R>¡ L¡$ -ìehlpf_edp„ c¡v$
v$ip®hp_pfp rhL$ë`p¡ DW$¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ r_òe_e kh® âL$pf_p rhL$ë`p¡_¡ r_j¡ L$fhphpmp¡ lp¡hp\u (_¡rs-
_¡rs ê$` lp¡hp\u) A¡L$ âL$pf\u s¡dp„ r_j¡ pÐdL$ rhL$ë` \pe R>¡, s\p hpõsrhL$`Z¡ Å¡hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡
õhkde[õ\rsdp„ (õhp_yc|rsdp„) _ (ìehlpf_e_p¡ rhjec|s) rhL$ë` R>¡ L¡$ _ (r_òe_e_p¡
rhjec|s) r_j¡ R>¡, `f„sy L¡$hm Q¡s_p_y„ õhpÐdp_ych_ R>¡''
AdyL$ gp¡L$p¡ âñ L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$ r_j¡ hNf_p¡ Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje L$B fus¡ lp¡e? sp¡ s¡Ap¡ _¡ Ad¡
S>ZphuA¡ R>uA¡ L¡$- Ö[óV$_p rhjedp„ _ c¡v$ê$` rhL$ë` R>¡ (A\p®s¹ Ac¡v$ Öìe_y„ N°lZ R>¡) A_¡ _
sp¡ r_j¡ ê$` rhL$ë` R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡_p¡ (AiyÙ cphp¡_p¡ = rhcphcphp¡_p¡) r_j¡ L$fhp_p¡ lp¡e R>¡, s¡_p
D`f Ö[óV$ S> _\u s¡\u S> s¡Ap¡, AÐe„s Np¥Z \B Åe R>¡ A_¡ Ö[óV$, dpÓ Ö[óV$_p rhjeê$` iyÙpÐdp
D`f S> lp¡e R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ r_rh®L$ë` S> lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S> kçeÁv$i®__u rhr^ R>¡; s¡\u L$lu iL$pe L¡$ r_j¡
_ L$fsp„, s¡_p D`f\u Ö[óV$ S> lV$phu g¡hp_u R>¡. Ap R>¡ rhr^- kçeÁv$i®__u, s¡\u S>¡_¡ r_j¡ _p¡
ApN°l lp¡e s¡Ap¡A¡ s¡ R>p¡X$u v$¡hp¡ L$pfZ L¡$ r_j¡ A¡ `Z r_òe_e_p¡ `n R>¡ Äepf¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡
55
rhje `nprss R>¡, _eprss R>¡ s¡\u v$f¡L$ âL$pf_p¡ `n A_¡ ApN°l R>p¡X$ép hNf kçeÁv$i®_ \hy„ S>
i¼e _\u.
buSy>„ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ hõsy S>¡d R>¡ s¡d kdS>hu `X$i¡ A\p®s¹ ApÐdpdp„ fpNpqv$ \pe R>¡,
sp¡ s¡ L$B A ¡npA¡ A_¡ r_edkpf A_¡ kdekpf S>¡hp„ AÝep[ÐdL$ ip÷p¡dp„ Å¡ A¡d g¿ey„ R>¡ L¡$ s¡
fpNpqv$L$ Æh_p„ _\u sp¡ s¡ `Z L$p¡C A ¡npA¡ S> S>Zph¡g R>¡, A¡L$p„s¡ _rl; s¡ dpÓ kçeÁv$i®__p
rhje D`f Ö[óV$ L$fphhp A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ L$fphhp S> S>Zph¡g R>¡; L$p¡B s¡_¡ A¡L$p„s¡ gB_¡ õhÃR>„v$¡
`qfZd¡ sp¡ s¡ s¡d_u dlp_ c|g R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_y„ am A_„s k„kpf R>¡ s¡ S> hps ApNm S>Zph¡ R>¡.
Np\p 663 AÞhep\®:- ""s\p Al] L¡$hm kpdpÞeê$` hõsy (`fd`pqfZprdL$cph) r_òe\u
r_òe_e_y„ L$pfZ R>¡ s\p L$d®ê$` L$g„L$\u frls op_õhê$` ApÐdp_u (`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`
iyÙpÐdp_u) rkrÙ am R>¡.''
s¡\u kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ Aphp AÝep[ÐdL$ ip÷p¡_p¡ L$p¡C`Z hõsy_¡ A¡L$p„s¡ âê$`hp_p¡ Apie
S>fp `Z _\u A_¡ s¡\u s¡_¡ A¡L$p„s¡ s¡d _ g¡hy„ `f„sy s¡_p¡ Apie dpÓ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ S>¡ rhje R>¡
s¡ ApÐdcphdp„ (`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdpdp„-L$pfZiyÙ`ep®edp„-L$pfZ`fdpÐdpdp„) "ly„ `Ï„'
L$fphhy„ A_¡ AÞe kh£ cphp¡dp„\u "ly„ `Ï„' _p S>¡ cphp¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ b„ __p L$pfZ R>¡ s¡ v$|f L$fhp„, A\p®s¹
Æh_¡ s¡ b„ _p L$pfZp¡dp„ A\hp b„ _p amdp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp¡ AV$L$phhp¡ A_¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`
Æhdp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fphu_¡ s¡_¡ kçeÁv$i®_u b_phhp¡, dp¡ndpN®dp„ âh¡i A`phhp¡. dpÓ s¡ S> A ¡npA¡
Ap ip÷p¡dp„ fpNpqv$ hN¡f¡ cphp¡ Æh_p _\u A¡d S>Zph¡g R>¡, s¡_¡ s¡d A¡L$p„s¡ _ kdS>hy„; Å¡ L$p¡C
s¡_¡ A¡L$p„s¡ s¡d kdS>¡ A_¡ âê$ ¡ sp¡ s¡_¡ S>¥_ rkÙp„s_u blpf S> kdS>hp¡ A\p®s¹ rdÕepÐhu S>
kdS>hp¡. kçeÁv$i®_ `R>u kçe¼op_ L¡$hy„ lp¡e R>¡ s¡ S>Zph¡ R>¡:-
Np\p 673 AÞhep\®:- ""A¡L$kp\ kpdpÞe rhi¡j_¡ rhje L$fhphpmy„ op_ kçe¼op_ L$l¡hpe
R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ op_ Apv$i® (v$ ®Z) kdp_ R>¡ s\p o¡e, ârstbb kdp_ R>¡.''
cphp\®:- ""S>¡d v$ ®Z A_¡ v$ ®Zdp„ fl¡gp ârstbb_p¡ eyN`s¹ ârscpk \pe R>¡. s¡ S>
âdpZ¡ kpdpÞe-rhi¡j _¡ eyN`s¹ rhje L$fhphpmy„ op_, kçe¼op_ L$l¡hpe R>¡, AÞe _l]; (A\p®s¹
L$p¡C L$l¡ L¡$ ApÐdp `f_¡ ÅZsp¡ _\u A¡hu ìehõ\p lp¡hp\u ApÐdp `f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ A¡d L$l¡hy„ rdÕepÐh
kdp_ R>¡, sp¡ AÓ¡ S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡$ s¡, s¡d _\u) L$pfZ L¡$ op__¡ v$ ®Z kdp_ (A\p®s¹ Å¡ L$p¡C L$l¡ L¡$
op_ `f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ A¡hy„ _ g¡hy„ sp¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ AÓ¡ S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡$ Å¡ s¡d g¡hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡, op__u S> rk[Ý^
_rl \pe) s\p s¡dp„ fl¡gp rhje _¡ (A\p®s¹ o¡e_¡) ârstbb kdp_ dp_hpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡.----''
„QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje v$ip®hsu Np\pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje56
12
ApÐdop_ê$` õhpÐdp_yc|rs `fp¡n L¡$ âÐen
L$p¡C_¡ âï_ \pe L¡$ S>¡ õhpÐdp_yc|rs_y„ hZ®_ L$fhpdp„ Apìey„ L¡$ S>¡ r_òekçeÁv$i®_ R>¡, s¡
âÐen R>¡ L¡$ `fp¡n R>¡ A_¡ s¡ L$ep âL$pf_p nep¡ irdL$ op_\u \pe R>¡? s¡_p DÑfê$` „QpÝepeu
|hp® ®_u Np\p:-
Np\p 706 AÞhep\®:- ""s\p rhi¡jdp„ Ap R>¡ L¡$ õhpÐdp_yc|rs_p hMsdp„ S>¡V$gp â\d_p„
s¡ drsop_ A_¡ îysop_ A¡ b¡ fl¡ R>¡ s¡V$gp„, s¡ b^p„e kpnps¹ âÐen_u dpaL$ âÐen R>¡, AÞe A¡V$g¡
`fp¡n _\u.''
cphp\®:- ""s\p A¡ drs A_¡ îysop_p¡dp„ `Z ApV$gu rhi¡jsp R>¡ L¡$- (`l¡gp„ Ap bß¡
op__¡ `fp¡n sfuL¡$ ârs`pqv$s L$f¡g R>¡ s¡\u lh¡ s¡_u rhi¡jsp S>Zph¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ A`hpv$ S>Zph¡ R>¡).
S>¡ kde¡ A¡ bß¡dp„\u L$p¡B A¡L$ op_Üpfp õhpÐdp_yc|rs \pe R>¡ s¡ kde¡ A¡ bß¡ op_ `Z
Ars[ÞÖeõhpÐdp_¡ âÐen L$f¡ R>¡ s¡\u s¡ bß¡ op_ `Z õhpÐdp_yc|rs_p kdedp„ âÐenê$` R>¡ `Z
`fp¡n _\u.''
A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ A¡ A_„sp_yb„ u L$jpe Qp¡L$X$u A_¡ v$i®_dp¡l_p D`id, nep¡ id
A\hp ne\u \pe R>¡, `f„sy s¡_u kp\¡ S> r_ed\u kçe¼¹op_ê$` iyÙp¡ ep¡N DÐ`ß \sp¡ lp¡hp\u s¡
iyÙp¡ ep¡N _¡ S> õhpÐdp_yc|rs L$l¡hpe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ op_phfZue_p nep¡ idê$` lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ s¡
iyÙp¡ ep¡N A\p®s¹ õhpÐdp_yc|rs rhcph frls ApÐdp_u A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp_u lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ r_rh®L$ë`
õhpÐdp_yc|rs L$l¡hpe R>¡; A\p®s¹ õhpÐdp_yc|rs_p L$pm¡ d_p¡ep¡N lp¡hp„ R>sp„ Ðepf¡ d_ `Z Ars[ÞÖeê$ ¡
`qfZdhp\u s¡_¡ r_rh®L$ë` õhpÐdp_yc|rs L$l¡hpe R>¡.
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13
õhpÐdp_yc|rs ApÐdp_p ¼ep âv$¡i¡
L$p¡C_¡ âï_ \pe L¡$ õhpÐdp_yc|rsê$` A_ych A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdpdp„ "ly„ `Ï„' -Ars[ÞÖeop_
ifufdp„ ¼ep cpNdp„ \pe R>¡? DÑf:- s¡_p DÑfê$ ¡ „QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u R> Np\pAp¡dp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡
L¡$ ùv$eL$dmdp„ fl¡gp„ cphd_ A_¡ Öìed_dp„.Np\p 711-712 AÞhep\®:- ""s¡_p¡ Mygpkp¡ Ap âdpZ¡ R>¡ L¡$ -Ap iyÙõhp_yc|rs_p kdedp„
õ`i®_, fk_p, °pZ, Qny A_¡ îp¡Ó A¡ âdpZ¡ `p„Q¡ C[ÞÖAp¡ D`ep¡Nu dp_u _\u `f„sy Ðep„ L¡$hm
d_ S> D`ep¡Nu dp_hpdp„ Apìey R>¡ s\p Al] r_òe\u `p¡sp_p A\®_u A ¡np\u _p¡C[ÞÖe R>¡ buSy>„_pd S>¡_y„ A¡hy„ s¡ d_, Öìed_ s\p cphd_ A¡ âdpZ¡ b¡ âL$pf_y„ R>¡.''
Np\p-713-''S>¡ ùv$eL$dmdp„ O_p„Nyg_p Ak„¿epsdp„ cpNdpÓ R>¡ âdpZ S>¡_y„ A¡hy„
Öìed_ lp¡e R>¡ s¡ AQ¡s_ lp¡hp R>sp„ `Z op__p rhje_¡ N°lZ L$fsu h¡mp cphd__¡ klpesp L$fhpkd\® \pe R>¡, A\p®s¹ Öìed_, cphd__¡ klpesp L$f¡ R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ L$p¡C_¡ gpN¡ L¡$ d_¡ A_ych ùv$e_p cpNdp„ S> \pe R>¡ `f„sy A¡hy„ A¡L$pÞs¡ _\u L$pfZ
L¡$ Öìed_ ùv$eL$dmdp„ cg¡ lp¡e `f„sy cphd_ê$` ApÐdp_p¡ nep¡ id s¡ ApÐdp_p kh£ âv$¡i¡ lp¡hp\uA_yc|rs k„ |Z® ApÐdp_u lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ s¡ kh®âv$¡i¡ lp¡e R>¡.
Np\p 714 AÞhep\®:- ""õh AphfZ_p ¾$d |h®L$ Dv$ecphune\u S> g[å^ A_¡ D`ep¡Nkrls
S>¡ L¡$hm ApÐdD`ep¡Nê$` S> ApÐdp_p¡ `qfZpd R>¡ s¡ cphd_ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ cphd_ ApÐdp_pkh®âv$¡i¡ R>¡.
Np\p 715-716 AÞhep\®:- ""õ`i®, fk_p, °pZ, Qny A_¡ îp¡Ó A¡ `p„Q¡ C[ÞÖep¡ A¡L$
d|rs®L$ `v$p\p£_¡ ÅZhphpmu R>¡ s\p d_, d|rs®L$ s\p Ad|rs®L$ bß¡ `v$p\p£_¡ ÅZhphpmy„ R>¡. s¡\u Al]Ap L$\_ r_v$p£j R>¡ L¡$ -õhpÐdpN°lZdp„ r_òe\u d_ S> D`ep¡Nu R>¡, `f„sy ApV$gy„ rhi¡j R>¡ L¡$-rhrióV$v$ipdp„ (Ars[ÞÖe op_dp„ = õhpÐdp_yc|rsdp„) s¡ d_ `p¡s¡ S> op_ê$` \C Åe R>¡.''
AÓ¡ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ cphd_ L$üy„ R>¡ s¡ ApÐdp_p op__p¡ S> nep¡ idê$` A¡L$D`ep¡N rhi¡j R>¡, AÞe L$p„C _\u, AÆh Öìe _\u A_¡ s¡ cphd_ ApÐdp_p¡ rhrióV$ nep¡ idlp¡hp\u s¡ ApÐdp_p kh®âv$¡i¡ lp¡e R>¡ `f„sy Öìed_ ùv$eL$dmdp„ lp¡hp\u s¡ A ¡npA¡ õhpÐdp_yc|rsê$`
A_ych ùv$eL$dmdp„ \pe R>¡ A¡d L$l¡hpe.
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje58
14
C[ÞÖeop_ op_ _\u?
buSy>„ OZp„ gp¡L$p¡ A¡hy„ dp_¡ R>¡ L¡$ C[ÞÖeop_ sp¡ op_ S> _\u, sp¡ s¡dp„ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡
L¡$ S>¡ ÖìeC[ÞÖe A_¡ _p¡C[ÞÖeê$` d_ R>¡ s¡ yv¹$Ng_y„ b_¡gy„ lp¡hp\u, s¡ A ¡npA¡ A¡hy„ L$lu iL$pe L¡$
C[ÞÖeop_ sp¡ op_ S> _\u A\hp C[ÞÖeop_ M„X$M„X$ op_ê$` lp¡hp\u s¡ A ¡npA¡ `Z A¡hy„ L$lu
iL$pe L¡$ C[ÞÖeop_ sp¡ op_ (AM„X$op_) S> _\u, `f„sy Mf¡Mf Å¡sp„ s¡ yv¹$Ngê$` AÆh C[ÞÖep¡
op__p r_rdÑ dpÓ R>¡ `f„sy op_ sp¡ ApÐdp_y„ gnZ lp¡C_¡ AÞe L$p¡C`Z Öìedp„ lp¡sy„ S> _\u. sp¡
`R>u âï_ \i¡ L¡$ C[ÞÖeop_ \pe R>¡ L$C fus¡?
s¡_p¡ DÑf A¡hp¡ R>¡ L¡$- Mf¡Mf S>¡ cphC[ÞÖe A_¡ cph_p¡C[ÞÖe ê$` ApÐdp_p op__y„
(A\p®s¹ ApÐdp_y„) nep¡ idê$` rhrióV$ `qfZd_ R>¡, s¡ S> op_ L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ op__¡ C[ÞÖe_u
A ¡npA¡, ApÐdpA¡ L$f¡g op__¡, C[ÞÖeop_ A_¡ _p¡C[ÞÖeop_ A¡hu k„op dm¡ R>¡. Mf¡Mf op_ sp¡
ApÐdp_y„ gnZ R>¡ AÞe L$p¡C Öìe op_ L$fsy„ S> _\u, s¡\u kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ dpÓ s¡ ifufõ\
ApÐdp S> op_ L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ hps `fdpÐdâL$pi-rÓrh^ ApÐdpr^L$pf Np\p 45dp„ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡
L¡$- ""S>¡ ApÐdpfpd iyÙr_òe_e\u AtsrÖe op_de R>¡ sp¡ `Z A_pqv$ b„ _p L$pfZ¡ ìehlpf_e\u
C[ÞÖede ifuf_¡ N°lZ L$fu_¡ `p¡sp_u `p„Q C[ÞÖep¡ Üpfp ê$`pqv$ `p„Q¡e rhjep¡_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡, A\p®s¹
C[ÞÖeop_ê$` `qfZdu_¡ C[ÞÖep¡\u ê$`, fk, N„ , iåv$, õ`i®_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡...'' A_¡ s¡_¡ S> A ¡npA¡
C[ÞÖeop_ L$l¡hpe R>¡, s¡\u hpõshdp„ C[ÞÖeop_ op__u A ¡npA¡ ApÐdp S> R>¡ AÞe L$p¡C _rl A_¡
s¡\u C[ÞÖeop_ op_ S> R>¡; A¡ S> hps „QpÝepeu |hp® ®_u Np\pAp¡dp„ ApNm ×Y$ L$f¡ R>¡.-
Np\p 717-718 AÞhep\®:- ""r_òe\u k|Ó\u S>¡ drsop_ R>¡ s¡ C[ÞÖe A_¡ d_\u
DÐ`Þ_ \pe R>¡ s\p drsop_ |h®L$ îysop_ \pe R>¡, A¡hy„ S>¡ L$üy„ R>¡ s¡ L$\_ ArkÙ _\u. kpfp„i-
Ap R>¡ L¡$ r_òe\u cphd_, op_rhrióV$ \sy„ \Ly„$ `p¡s¡ S> Ad|s® R>¡ s¡\u A¡ cphd_ Üpfp \hphpmy„
Al] ApÐdv$i®_ Ars[ÞÖeâÐen L¡$d _ lp¡e?''
AÓ¡ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ C[ÞÖeop_ L¡$ Ars[ÞÖeop_, op_ r_ed\u ApÐdp_y„ S> lp¡e R>¡
AÞe L$p¡C Öìe_y„ _rl, L$pfZ L¡$ op_sp¡ ApÐdp_y„ gnZ R>¡. s¡\u A¡d `Z L$lu iL$pe L¡$ C[ÞÖeop_
õhdp„ S>hp_u kuX$u R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ C[ÞÖe cg¡ yv¹$Ngê$` AÆh lp¡e `f„sy s¡_p r_rdÑ¡ S>¡ op_ \pe
R>¡ s¡ rhi¡j op__¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ op_pL$pf_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> Ðep„ kpdpÞeop_ A\ps¹ opeL$ lpS>f S> lp¡e
59
R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje R>¡ L¡$ S>¡dp„ ly„ `Ï„ L$fsp„ S> kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ \pe R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ õ\|g\u S>
k|ÿddp„ S>hpe A\p®s¹ âNV$\u S> AâNV$dp„ S>hpe A\p®s¹ ìe¼s\u S> Aìe¼sdp„ S>hpe A¡ S>
r_ed R>¡.
cphp\®:- ""-----kpfp„i Ap R>¡ L¡$ -õhpÐdfkdp„ r_d‚ \hphpmy„ cphd_ `p¡s¡ S> Ad|s®
lp¡C_¡ õhp_yc|rs_p kdedp„ ApÐdâÐen L$fhphpmy„ L$l¡hpdp„ Apìey„ R>¡. S>¡d î¡Zu QY$sp kde¡ op__u S>¡
r_rh®L$ë` Ahõ\p R>¡ s¡ r_rh®L$ë`Ahõ\pdp„ Ýep__u Ahõ\pk„ ß îysop_ hp A¡ îysop__u `l¡gp_y„
drsop_ Ars[ÞÖe âÐen lp¡e R>¡, s¡ S> âdpZ¡ kçeÁ×$róV$Æh Qp¡\p NyZõ\p_\u dp„X$u_¡ kpsdp
NyZõ\p_hs} R>¡ s¡d_y„ drsîysop_pÐdL$ cphd_ `Z õhp_yc|rs_p kdedp„ rhi¡j v$ipk„ ß \hp\u
î¡Zu_p S>¡hy„ sp¡ _\u, `f„sy s¡_u c|rdL$p_¡ ep¡Áe r_rh®L$ë` sp¡ \pe R>¡. s¡\u A¡ drsîysop_pÐdL$
cphd__¡ õhp_yc|rs_p kdedp„ âÐen dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ Ðep„ A¡ S> L$pfZ R>¡ L¡$-drsîysop_ rh_p
L¡$hmop__u DÐ`rÑ \C iL$su _\u `f„sy Ahr^ -d_:`e®eop_ rh_p \C iL¡$ R>¡.''
õhpÐdfkdp„ r_d‚ \hphpmy„ cphd_ A\p®s¹ rhL$ë`ey¼s ApÐdpdp„\u ( = `ep®edp„\u)
rhL$ë`_¡ ( = rhi¡j_¡) Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> A\p®s¹ rhL$ë`_¡, r_h®L$ë`dp„ r_d‚ L$fsp„ ( = Xy$bpX$sp) S>
kpdpÞeê$` ApÐdp A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph_u A_yc|rs \pe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_¡ r_rh®L$ë` A_yc|rs L$l¡hpe
R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ Ars[ÞÖe âÐen lp¡e R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ A_ych_u rhr^ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ S> kçeÁv$i®__u fus R>¡.
lh¡ Ap`Z¡ „QpÝepeu DÑfp ®_u ( „. v$¡hL$u_„v$ÆL©$s tlv$u V$uL$p_p Ap^pf D`f\u kfm
NyS>fpsu V$uL$p A_yhpv$L$ kp¡dQ„v$ Ad\pgpg ipl-âL$piL$ cNhp_ îu Ly„$v$Ly„$v$-L$lp_ S>¥_ip÷dpmp
yó`-32-Aph©rÑ-1) Np\pAp¡\u, Ap S> b^p„ cphp¡ ÖY$ L$fuiy„:-
Np\p 461-462 AÞhep\®:- ""A\hp B[ÞÖeS>Þe op_, v$¡iâÐen lp¡e R>¡ s¡\u hpõshdp„
s¡ A[õsL$e, ApÐdp_p kyMpqv$L$_u dpaL$ õhk„h¡v_âÐen L¡$hu fus¡ \B iL¡$ R>¡? W$uL$ R>¡, `f„sy â\d_p„
drs A_¡ îys A¡ b¡ op_, `f `v$p\p£_¡ ÅZsp„ kde¡ `fp¡n R>¡ s\p v$i®_dp¡l_ue_p¡ D`id, ne
s\p nep¡ id \hp_p L$pfZ\u õhp_ychL$pmdp„ âÐen R>¡.''
Np\p 1118 AÞhep\®:- ""i„L$pL$pf_y„ D`fp¡¼s L$\_ W$uL$ R>¡, L$pfZ L¡$- S>¡ B[ÞÖep¡_p k„b„ \u
`v$p\®_y„ op_ \pe R>¡ s¡ op_ Ak„edS>_L$ \sy„ _\u `fÞsy A¡ rhjep¡dp„ S>¡ fpNpqv$ by[Ý^ DÐ`ß \su
lsu s¡_¡ _ \hp v$¡hu A¡ S> B[ÞÖek„ed R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ L$p¡CA¡ B[ÞÖeop_\u X$fhp_u S>~f _\u A\p®s¹ B[ÞÖeop__p¡ _L$pf L$fhp_u S>~f
_\u L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ ApÐdp_p¡ S> A¡L$ D`ep¡N rhi¡j R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u S> s¡ op_ Ak„edS>_L$ \sy„ _\u
`f„sy A¡ op__p rhjep¡dp„ S>¡ fpNpqv$ by[Ý^ DÐ`ß \pe R>¡, s¡_¡ _ \hp v$¡hu, A¡ S> k„ed R>¡ A_¡
A¡ S> L$s®ìe R>¡.
C[ÞÖeop_ op_ _\u?
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje60
15
`ep®e `fd`pqfZprdL$cph_u S> b_¡g R>¡
„QpÝepeu DÑfp ®_u Np\pAp¡:-
Np\p 61 AÞhep\®:- ""õhe„ A_pqv$rkÙ ks¹dp„ (ApÐdpdp„) `Z `pqfZprdL$ ir¼s\u
(`qfZprdL$cph\u) õhpcprhL$uq¾$ep s\p h¥cprhL$uq¾$ep \pe R>¡.''
cphp\®:- ""ApNddp„ Æh_p `p„Q cphp¡ L$üp R>¡ s¡dp„ A¡L$ `pqfZprdL$cph R>¡ s¡_¡
`pqfZprdL$ir¼s `Z L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡, s¡_u b¡ âL$pf_u `ep®e \pe R>¡; A¡L$ õhpcprhL$ s\p buÆ
h¥cprhL$, (AÓ¡ S>¡ A¡L$ Öìe_u b¡ `ep®ep¡ L$lu R>¡, s¡ A ¡npA¡ b¡ R>¡ hpõshdp„ b¡ _ kdS>hu L$pfZ
L¡$ A¡L$ Öìe_u A¡L$ S> `ep®e lp¡e R>¡ `f„sy s¡_¡ kpdpÞe A_¡ rhi¡j A¡hu b¡ A ¡npA¡ b¡ `ep®e L$lu
R>¡, s¡dp„ kpdpÞe _¡ õhpcprhL$ `ep®e L$l¡hpe R>¡ A_¡ rhi¡j_¡ h¥cprhL$ `ep®e L$l¡hpe R>¡. A\p®s¹ s¡
rhi¡j `ep®e kpdpÞecph_u S> b_¡g lp¡hp\u A\p®s¹ s¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph _u S> b_¡g lp¡hp\u,
hpõshdp„ `ep®e A¡L$ S> lp¡e R>¡) Ap bß¡ Æh_u `p¡sp_u A ¡npA¡ `pqfZprdL$cph R>¡. Ap
r_òeL$\_ R>¡ (Sy>Ap¡ S>e^hgp cpN-1 ©›$-319 s\p ^hgpV$uL$p cpN-5 ©›$ 197-242-243)
A_¡ L$d®_p Dv$e_u A ¡np bsphhp dpV$¡ Æh_p rhL$pfucph_¡ (A\p®s¹ rhcphcphê$` rhi¡j cph_¡)
Ap¥v$reL$cph L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡, Ap ìehlpfL$\_ R>¡.''
AÓ¡ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ r_òe_e¡ (Ac¡v$_e¡) Æh_¡ A¡L$ dpÓ `pqfZprdL$cph S> lp¡e R>¡,
`f„sy ìehlpf_e¡ (c¡v$_e¡) s¡ S> cph_¡ kpdpÞe A ¡npA¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph A_¡ rhi¡j
A ¡npA¡ Ap¥v$¡reL$pqv$ Qpfcphê$` L$l¡hpe R>¡. A\p®s¹ rhi¡jê$` Ap¥v$¡reL$pqv$ Qpfcphê$` `ep®e
kpdpÞecph_u S> b_¡gu lp¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph_u S> b_¡g lp¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹
Ap¥v$¡reL$pqv$ kh® rhi¡jcphê$` ly„ = `fd`pqfZprdL$cph S> `qfZdy„ Ry>„ A_¡ s¡\u dpf¡ =
`fd`pqfZprdL$cph¡ S> dpfpdp„ = `fd`pqfZprdL$cphdp„ ÅN©rs fpMhp_u R>¡ A_¡ `p¡sp_¡ ¾$p¡ ,
dp_, dpep, gp¡c, ce, `qfN°l, hpk_p, hN¡f¡\u bQphhp_p¡ R>¡, L¡$ S>¡_¡ k„hfcph L$l¡hpe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_p
\L$u r_S>®fp \pe R>¡.
61
THAT MEANS, I=PURE AWARENESS = `fd`pqfZprdL$cph = opeL$cph AM
GETING MANIFESTED AS ALL THE FEELINGS LIKE PAIN, HAPPINESS, ETC.
AND AS KNOWLEDGE, MEMORY, ETC.= Ap¥v$¡reL$pqv$ kh® rhi¡jcph BUT I SHALL BE
AWARE OF MYSELF AND RESTRAIN MYSELF FROM BEING GETTING
INVOLVED IN SINS, LUST, ANGER, EGO, DECEIT, CRUELTY, FEAR,
POSSESSIVENESS, ETC. FOR SAVING MYSELF OF BONDAGE, UNLIMITED
PAIN AND SUFFERINGS.
Np\p 63-64 AÞhep\®:- ""i„L$pL$pf L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ -Å¡ A_pqv$ ks¹dp„ h¥cprhL$uq¾$ep (A\p®s¹
rhcphcphê$` Ap¥v$reL$cph) `Z `qfZd_iugsp\u \pe R>¡. (A\p®s¹ s¡ cph `Z `pqfZprdL$cph
S> lp¡e R>¡) sp¡ r_òe\u s¡dp„ õhpcrhL$uq¾$ep\u (A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph\u) rhi¡jsp fpMhphpmp¡
L$ep¡ rhi¡j c¡v$ fl¡i¡? s\p `v$p\p£_¡ ÅZhphpmy„ op_ ApÐdp_y„ õhgnZ R>¡ s¡\u s¡ op__u Ap
o¡e_p ApL$pf¡ \hpê$` q¾$ep L¡$hu fus¡ h¥cprhL$uq¾$ep \C iL¡$ R>¡?''
Ap S> hps kdekpf Np\p-6dp„ `Z L$sp® L$d®_y„ A_Þe`Ï„ S>Zphu_¡ kdÅh¡g R>¡, Ðep„
A¡d kdS>hy„ L¡$ L$d® (o¡epL$pf = Qpfcph = `ep®e = rhi¡jcph), L$sp®(kpdpÞecph =
`fd`pqfZprdL$cph = opeL$cph) _p S> b_¡g lp¡hp\u L$sp® L$d®_y„ A_Þe`Ï„ S>Zph¡g R>¡ A_¡ buSy>„
kdekpf Np\p-6dp„ ÅZhphpmp¡ s¡ ly„ A\p®s¹ ApÐdp Äepf¡ `f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ s¡ S>¡ o¡epL$pf R>¡
s¡ Mf¡Mf op_pL$pf S> R>¡ A_¡ s¡ op_pL$pfdp„ `Z Äepf¡ ApL$pfê$` rhL$ë`_¡ Np¥Z L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡
s¡ opeL$ S> R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ S> ""`fd`pqfZprdL$ cph''R>¡, ""L$pfZiyÙ`ep®e''R>¡ s¡ S> hps AÓ¡ ÖY$
\pe R>¡.
s¡ S> hps kdekpf Np\p-13 `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡- s¡dp„ Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje "_h sÒhdp„ (`ep®e
dp„) Ry>`pe¡g ApÐdÄep¡rsê$` L$üp¡ R>¡.' A\p®s¹ Aìe¼s ìe¼sdp„ S> Ry>`pe¡g R>¡ A\p®s¹ ìe¼s
Aìe¼s_y„ S> b_¡g R>¡ R>sp„ L$l¡hpe A¡d S> L¡$ ìe¼s_¡ Aìe¼s õ`i®sy S> _\u, Ap S> Mybu R>¡
S>¥_ipk__p _eQ¾$_u A_¡ Ap S> A ¡npA¡ Aìe¼s_p bp¡g kdS>hp„ S>~fu R>¡, AÞe\p _rl
A\p®s¹ A¡L$p„s¡ _rl L$pfZ L¡$ A¡L$p„ssp¡ A_„s `fphs®__y„ L$pfZ \hp knd R>¡. s¡\u Ad¡ Äepf¡ âñ
L$fuA¡ L¡$ s¡ `ep®e i¡_u b_¡gu R>¡? A_¡ DÑfdp„ Ad¡ S>ZphuA¡ R>uA¡ L¡$ ""`fd`pqfZprdL$
cph_u''A\p®s¹ S>¡ `ep®e R>¡ s¡ Öìe_u S> (A\p®s¹ °yh_u S>, `fd`pqfZprdL$ cph_u S>) b_¡g R>¡
L¡$ S>¡_p rhi¡ Ad¡ |h£ A_¡L$ Ap^pfp¡ krls kdÅh¡g S> R>¡, s¡ S> hps AÓ¡ ÖY$ \pe R>¡.
Ap S> hps kdekpf ïgp¡L$ 271dp„ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡- ïgp¡L$p\®: ""S>¡ Ap op_dpÓ cph ly„
`ep®e `fd`pqfZprdL$cph_u S> b_¡g R>¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje62
Ry>„ s¡ o¡ep¡_p op_dpÓ S> _ ÅZhp¡: (`f„sy) o¡ep¡_p ApL$pf¡ \sp op__p ¼ëgp¡g{ ¡ `qfZdsp¡ s¡
op_-o¡e-opspde hõsydpÓ ÅZhp¡'' A\p®s¹ o¡e R>¡ s¡ op_de R>¡, op_ R>¡ s¡ opspde R>¡ A_¡
s¡ opsp-op_-o¡e_u A¡L$ê$`sp\u kprbs \pe R>¡ L¡$ `ep®e (o¡e) opsp (`fd`pqfZprdL$cph) _u
b_¡gu R>¡. A¡V$g¡ L¡$ Qpf cph (`ep®e = rhcphcph) s¡ A¡L$ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph_p S> b_¡gp R>¡
A¡V$g¡ L¡$ Qpf¡e cphp¡_y„ (`ep®e_y„) kpdpÞe s¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph R>¡. A¡V$g¡ L¡$ S>¡d o¡edp„ opsp
lpS>f R>¡ s¡d v$f¡L$ `ep®edp„ opsp = `fd`pqfZprdL$cph lpS>f S> R>¡- - - -s¡ `ep®e s¡_u S>
(op_-o¡e-opsp) b_¡gu R>¡. A\p®s¹ Qpf cphp¡ (`ep®e = rhcphcph) _¡ Np¥Z L$fsp opeL$ =
`fd`pqfZprdL$cph âpàs \pe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje R>¡. Ap fus¡ v$f¡L$ `ep®edp„ |Z® Öìe
lpS>fplpS|>f R>¡ S>, dpÓ s¡_u Ö[óV$ L$fsp AphX$hy„ Å¡BA¡; Ap\u S> Ö[óV$ A_ykpf A¡d L$lu iL$pe
L¡$ S>¡ Öìe R>¡ s¡ S> `ep®e R>¡ (s¡ `ep®e Ö[óV$) A\hp S>¡ `ep®e R>¡ s¡ S> Öìe R>¡ (s¡ Öìe Ö[óV$).
op_ (ApÐdp) kpdpÞerhi¡jpÐdL$ lp¡e R>¡. op_kpdpÞecph (`fd`pqfZprdL$cph)
r_rh®L$ë` lp¡e R>¡ Äepf¡ op_ rhi¡jcph (Qpfcphê$`) krhL$ë` lp¡e R>¡; S>¡\u L$fu_¡ op_kpdpÞecph
(`fd`pqfZprdL$cph) dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp S> r_rh®L$ë` A_yc|rs lp¡e R>¡. Ap S> kçeÁv$i®__u rhr^
(fus) R>¡.
Np\p 66-67 AÞhep\®:- ""(h¥cprhL$u s\p õhpcprhL$u A¡ bß¡ q¾$epAp¡ = `ep®ep¡ Äepf¡
`pqfZprdL$ S> R>¡ sp¡ s¡dp„ L$p„B S> A„sf _\u) A¡ âdpZ¡ L$l¡hy„ W$uL$ _\u L$pfZ L¡$ bÙ A_¡ AbÙ
op_dp„ saphs R>¡, s¡dp„\u dp¡l_ueL$d®\u Aphfus op__¡ (A\p®s¹ Ap¥v$reL$ê$` rhi¡j cphp¡_¡) bÙ
L$l¡ R>¡ s\p A¡ dp¡l_ueL$d®\u A_phfus op__¡ (A\p®s¹ kpdpÞeop__¡, opeL$ê$`op__¡,
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` op__¡ s\p L$pfZiyÙ`ep®eê$`op__¡) AbÙ L$l¡ R>¡. S>¡ op_ dp¡lL$d®\u
Aphfus A¡V$g¡ Å¡X$pe¡gy„ R>¡ s¡ S>¡d BóV$ A_¡ Ar_óV$ A\®_p k„ep¡N\u `p¡sp_u d¡m¡ S> fpNÜ¡jde \pe
R>¡ s¡d S> s¡ âÐe¡L$ `v$p\®_¡ ¾$d¡ ¾$d¡ rhje L$fhphpmy„ lp¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ kh® `v$p\p£_¡ A¡L$kp\ rhje
L$fhphpmy„ lp¡sy„ _\u.'' Ap S> rhje_¡ Np\p-130 dp„ rhi¡j õ`óV$ L$f¡g R>¡ s¡\u s¡ lh¡ Å¡Ciy„.
Np\p 130 AÞhep\®:- ""`fNyZ ApL$pfê$` `pqfZprdL$u q¾$ep b„ L$l¡hpe R>¡, s\p A¡ q¾$ep_p
\hp\u S> A¡ b„_¡-Æh A_¡ L$dp£_y„ `p¡s`p¡sp_p NyZp¡\u Ãeys \hy„ \pe R>¡ s¡ AiyÙsp L$l¡hpe R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ `pqfZprdL$u q¾$ep A¡V$g¡ S> `pqfZprdL$u cphê$` (`ep®eê$`) Æh S> `qfZd¡ R>¡.
cphp\®:- ""v$f¡L$ Öìedp„ `pqfZprdL$cph lp¡e R>¡, Æh A_¡ yv¹$Ngdp„ s¡_p b¡ âL$pf_u q¾$ep
\pe R>¡ A¡L$ iyÙ s\p buÆ AiyÙ. v$f¡L$ Öìe s¡ q¾$ep `p¡s¡ õhe„ L$fsy„ lp¡hp\u s¡ q¾$ep `pqfZprdL$cph¡
63
R>¡. S>¡d Æhdp„ ¾$p¡ \pe R>¡ s¡ õh A ¡npA¡ `pqfZprdL$cph (q¾$ep) R>¡ (A\p®s¹ Ap¥v$reL$cph Mf¡Mf
sp¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$ cph_p¡ S> b_¡gp¡ R>¡) (Sy>Ap¡ S>e^hg cp.1 `p.319 s\p îu jV$M„X$pNd yõsL$
5 ©óV$ 197-242-243) hmu rhL$pfucphp¡dp„ L$d®_p Dv$e_u A ¡np bsphhu lp¡e Ðepf¡ s¡ `ep®e_¡
Ap¥v$reL$u `Z L$l¡hpe R>¡ (Ap S> hps |h£ Ad¡ S>Zph¡g L¡$ Ap¥v$preL$ucphê$` `ep®e Mf¡Mf
`pqfZprdL$cph_u S> b_¡g R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ s¡_p¡ kpdpÞecph L$l¡hpe R>¡) `f„sy s¡\u L$p„B A¡d _ kdS>hy„
L¡$ Æhdp„ `f_p¡ L$p¡C`Z NyZ Aphu Åe R>¡.
buSy>„ S>¡ cph (rhcphcph) Æhdp„\u _uL$mu S>hp ep¡Áe lp¡e s¡ `p¡sp_y„ õhê$` _rl lp¡hp\u
r_òe_e¡ s¡ `p¡sp_p _\u s¡_¡ `fcph, `fNyZpL$pf hN¡f¡ _pd\u Ap¡mMhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡, Ap A ¡npA¡
Æh_p rhL$pfucph_¡ r_òe_e\u yv¹$Ng`qfZpd L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡, L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ Æh_p¡ õhcph _\u
A_¡ yv¹$Ng_p k„b„ \u \pe R>¡ s¡\u A¡ rhL$pfcph r_òeb„ R>¡. A¡ rhL$pfu `pqfZprdL$uq¾$ep \sp„
`p¡sp_p NyZ\u Ãeys \hy„ s¡ AiyÙsp R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ S>¡ Æh_p¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$ cph R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡ Æh_y„ klS> `qfZd_ R>¡ s¡ S> `fgn¡
AiyÙspê$` `qfZdu_¡ r_òeb„^ê$` \pe R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u S> s¡ AiyÙsp_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S>
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp L¡$ S>¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡ s¡ lpS>f S> lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S>
A ¡npA¡ kdekpf Np\p 13dp„ `Z S>Zpìey„ R>¡ L¡$ ""_hsÒhdp„ Ry>`pe¡g ApÐdÄep¡rs''A\p®s¹ s¡
_hsÒhê$` S>¡ Æh_y„ `qfZd_ R>¡ (`ep®e R>¡) s¡dp„\u AiyrÙAp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> S>¡ i¡j fl¡ R>¡ s¡
S> `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp R>¡, s¡ S> L$pfZiyÙ`ep®e R>¡, s¡ S> Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje R>¡.
`ep®e `fd`pqfZprdL$cph_u S> b_¡g R>¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje64
16
õhcph`ep®e A_¡ rhcph`ep®e
Ad¡ S>¡ |h£ S>Zpìey„ L¡$ õhcph`ep®e A_¡ rhcph`ep®e s¡d b¡ `ep®e A ¡npA¡ L$l¡hpe R>¡,
A\p®s¹ b„_¡ A¡L$ S> `ep®e (hõsy, Öìe) _y„ A_y¾$d¡ kpdpÞeê$` A_¡ rhi¡jê$` R>¡, `f„sy A¡d _\u L¡$
õhpcprhL$ir¼s A_¡ h¥cprhL$ir¼s A¡L$ S> L$pmdp„ lp¡e R>¡, L$pfZ L¡$ s¡d dp_sp„, bß¡ `ep®e rhi¡jê$`
\B S>sp„, A¡L$ Öìe_u A¡L$ L$pmdp„ b¡ `ep®e_p¡ âk„N Aphi¡ A_¡ L$pe®L$pfZcph_p _pi_p¡ âk„N
Aphi¡ L¡$ S>¡\u b„ dp¡n_p Acph_p¡ âk„N Aphi¡, s¡ S> lh¡ ApNm S>Zph¡ R>¡.
„QpÝepeu DÑfp ®_u Np\p:-
Np\p 92 AÞhep\®:- ""A¡ õhcprhL$u A_¡ h¥cprhL$u ir¼s_p¡ A¡L$ L$pmdp„ kv$cph dp_sp„
Þepe\u `Z OZp¡ dp¡V$p¡ v$p¡j Aphi¡, L$pfZ L¡$ eyN`s¹ õhcprhL$ A_¡ h¥cprhL$cph_¡ dp_hp\u L$pe®-
L$pfZcph_p¡ _pi s\p b„ dp¡n_p _pi \hp_p¡ âk„N Aph¡ R>¡.''
cphp\®:- ""h¥cprhL$u ir¼s_u rhcph A_¡ õhcphê$` b¡ Ahõ\p dp_hp\u b„ A_¡
dp¡n_u ìehõ\p rkÙ \B Åe R>¡ s\p A¡ rhcph A_¡ õhcph Ahõ\pAp¡ ¾$dhs} R>¡ s¡\u b„ A_¡
dp¡n_p„ L$pe®-L$pfZ cphp¡ Sy>v$p Sy>v$p R>¡ A¡d `Z rkÙ \pe R>¡. `f„sy b„_¡ ir¼sAp¡_¡ eyN`s¹ dp_hp\u
_ sp¡ L$pe®-L$pfZcph b_u iL$i¡ s\p _ sp¡ b„ -dp¡n_u ìehõ\p S> b_u iL$i¡.''
Ap`Z¡ S>¡ |h£ Å¡B Nep R>uA¡, s¡ S> AÓ¡ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$ Å¡ R>Úõ\ Æhdp„ õhcph`ep®e
A_¡ rhcph`ep®e A¡hu b¡ `ep®e dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ S>¡ L$pe®-L$pfZê$` ìehõ\p R>¡ s¡ rkÙ S> _rl
\pe A\p®s¹ S>¡ ApÐdpdp„ âÐe¡L$ âv$¡i¡ L$dp£ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_p r_rdÑ¡ s¡ AiyÙê$` `qfZd¡ R>¡ s¡hp¡ L$pe®-
L$pfZcph A_¡ s¡ L$dp£_p¡ Acph \sp„ S> s¡ Æh iyÙê$ ¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡ s¡hp„ b„ A_¡ dp¡n `Z rkÙ
_rl \pe. s¡\u R>v¹$dõ\ Æhdp„ rhi¡jê$` rhcph`qfZd_ A_¡ kpdpÞeê$` õhcph-`qfZd_ S>
dp_hy„ ep¡Áe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ kpdpÞeê$` õhcph`qfZd_ _p bm¡ s¡ Æh L$dp£_p r_rdÑ¡ \sp„ cphdp„ ""ly„
`Zp„' \u Ry>V$u A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' _rl L$fsp„, dpÓ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphdp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡
s¡ rhcphê$` cphp¡_¡ nrZL$ A_¡ l¡eê$` dp_u L$dp£_p _pi dpV$¡_u ir¼s d¡mh¡ R>¡ A_¡ ApNm s¡hp¡
S> y{$jp\® afu afu L$fu_¡ kh® L$dp£_p¡ _pi L$fu_¡, s¡hp„ cphp¡\u kh®\p, kh®L$pm dpV$¡ d|L$pe R>¡, dyL$s
\pe R>¡; s¡ S> dp¡n R>¡.
65
17
_h sÒh_u kpQu îÙp_y„ õhê$`
„QpÝepeu DÑfp ®_u Np\pAp¡:-
Np\p 133-134-135:- ""hpõshdp„ Al] iyÙ _e_u A ¡npA¡ Æh iyÙ `Z R>¡ (A\p®s¹
A¡L$p„s¡ iyÙ _\u A\hp sp¡ s¡_p¡ A¡L$ cpN iyÙ A_¡ A¡L$ AiyÙ A¡hy„ `Z _\u `f„sy A ¡npA¡ Æh
iyÙ `Z R>¡) s\p L$\„rQs¹ bÙpbÙ_e A¡V$g¡ ìehlpf_e\u Æh AiyÙ R>¡ A¡ `Z ArkÙ _\u
(A\p®s¹ ìehlpf_e\u Æh AiyÙ R>¡). k„ |Z® iyÙ_e A¡L$, Ac¡v$ A_¡ r_rh®L$ë` R>¡ s\p ìehlpf_e
A_¡L$, c¡v$ê$` A_¡ krhL$ë` R>¡. A¡ iyÙ_e_p¡ rhje Q¡s_pÐdL$ iyÙ Æh hpÃe R>¡ A_¡ ìehlpf_e_p
rhjeê$` s¡ Æh Apqv$ _h `v$p\p£ L$l¡hpdp„ Apìep R>¡.''
Ap`Z¡ i~Apsdp„ S> S>¡ kdÄep L¡$ hõsy A¡L$ Ac¡v$ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ Å¡hp_u Ö[óV$ A_ykpf s¡
S> hõsy iyÙ A\hp AiyÙ, Ac¡v$ A\hp c¡v$ê$` S>Zpe R>¡, s¡ S> hps AÓ¡ rkÙ L$f¡g R>¡. lh¡
kdekpf Np\p 13 _p S>¡ cph R>¡ L¡$ ""_h sÒhdp„ Ry>`pe¡gu ApÐd (-Q¥sÞe) Äep¡rs''s¡ S> cph
ìe¼s L$f¡ R>¡-.
Np\p 155 AÞhep\®:- ""A\p®s¹ A¡L$ Æh S> Æh-AÆhpqv$L$ _h `v$p\®ê$` \B_¡ rhfpS>dp_
R>¡ A_¡ A¡ _h `v$p\®_u Ahõ\pAp¡dp„ `Z Å¡ rhi¡j Ahõ\pAp¡_u rhhnp _ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡
(A\p®s¹ rhi¡jê$` rhcph cphp¡_¡ Å¡ Np¥Z L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡) L¡$hm iyÙ Æh S> R>¡ (L¡$hm
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp S> R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ L¡$hm L$pfZiyÙ`ep®eê$` Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje S> R>¡ A\p®s¹
s¡ rhi¡j Ahõ\pAp¡-`ep®ep¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph_u S> b_¡g R>¡ A¡ S> hps rkÙ \pe R>¡).''
Np\p 160-163:- ""kp¡ fr¼s\u D`pr^krls kyhZ® ÐepÄe _\u L$pfZ L¡$ s¡_p¡ ÐepN L$fsp„
kh® i|Þespqv$ v$p¡jp¡_p¡ âk„N Aph¡ R>¡ (s¡ S> fus¡ Å¡ AiyÙê$` `qfZd¡g Æh A\p®s¹ AiyÙ `ep®e_p¡
Å¡ ÐepN L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ Ðep„ |Z® Öìe_p¡ S> ÐepN \B S>sp„, kh®i|Þespqv$ _p¡ v$p¡j Aphi¡ A\p®s¹
s¡ AiyÙ `ep®edp„ S> `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp Ry>`pe¡g lp¡hp\u Å¡ s¡ AiyÙ `ep®e_p¡ ÐepN
L$fip¡ sp¡, |Z® Öìe_p¡ S> gp¡ \C S>i¡ A_¡ s¡\u s¡ AiyÙ `ep®e_p¡ ÐepN _ L$fsp„, dpÓ AiyrÙ_¡
S> Np¥Z L$fhu A_¡ s¡d L$fsp„ S>, `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp L¡$ S>¡ Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje R>¡ s¡ D`gå^
\i¡), (buSy>„) Aphy„ L$\_ `Z `funp L$fhp\u rkÙ _\u \B iL$sy„ L¡$ -S>¡ kde¡ kyhZ®, `ep®e\u iyÙ
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje66
R>¡ s¡ kde¡ S> s¡ iyÙ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ AiyÙê$` `qfZd¡g k„kpfu Æhp¡_¡ A¡L$p„s¡ AiyÙ S> dp_¡ R>¡
A_¡ iyÙp¡ ep¡N dpÓ 13dp„ NyZõ\p_L$\u S> dp_¡ R>¡, s¡_¡ iyÙpÐdp_u âp[às \hp_u S> _\u A\p®s¹
s¡hp Æh_¡ kçeÁv$i®__u âp[às \su S> _\u A_¡ buSy>„, S>¡Ap¡ `ep®e_¡ AiyÙ dp_u_¡ `ep®e_¡
Ö[óV$_p rhjedp„ kpd¡g L$fsp„ _\u A_¡ A¡L$p„s¡ iyÙ- °yh ip¡ ¡ R>¡, s¡_¡ `Z s¡_u âp[às \hp_u S>
_\u A\p®s¹ s¡hp Æh_¡ `Z kçeÁv$i®__u âp[às \su S> _\u.) L$pfZ L¡$ -(A¡L$p„s)iyÙ Öìe_u
âp[às _ \sp„ s¡_u âp[às_p l¡sy_y„ `Z Av$i®_ rkÙ \pe R>¡ [A\p®s¹ Å¡ MpZdp„\u _uL$m¡g AiyÙ
kyhZ®_p¡ AõhuL$pf L$fp¡ sp¡ s¡dp„ Ry>`pe¡g iyÙ kyhZ®_u âp[às `Z \B iL$hp_u _\u; s¡hu S> fus¡
AiyÙ Æhdp„ (`ep®edp„) S> iyÙpÐdp Ry>`pe¡g R>¡ s¡d ÅZhy„.]
(lh¡ iyÙpÐdp_u âp[às_u fus bsph¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®__u fus bsph¡ R>¡) S>¡ kde¡ s¡
AiyÙ kyhZ®_p ê$`p¡dp„ L¡$hm iyÙ kyhZ® Ö[óV$ Np¡Qf L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ AiyÙ `ep®edp„
ÖìeÖ[óV$A¡ L¡$hm iyÙpÐdp = `fd`pqfZprdL$cph Ö[óV$ Np¡Qf L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡) s¡ kde¡ `fÖìe_u
D`pr^ Ö[óV$ Np¡Qf \su _\u (A\p®s¹ `ep®eê$` `qfZd¡g Öìe_u AiyrÙ Np¥Z \sp„ S> |Z® kpnps¹
iyÙpÐdp S> S>Zpe R>¡) `f„sy âÐen âdpZ\u `p¡sp_y„ ArcóV$ A¡ L¡$hm iyÙ kyhZ® S> Ö[óV$Np¡Qf \pe
R>¡. [s¡\u S> buÅ_¡ S>¡ Öìe âdpZ_y„ cpk¡ R>¡, s¡ S> Öìedp„ Ad_¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph ê$`
iyÙpÐdp_p v$i®_ \pe R>¡; s¡\u L$lu iL$pe L¡$- s¡dp„ buÅ_p¡ v$p¡j dpÓ A¡ R>¡ L¡$- Äepf¡ s¡_¡ (Öìe_¡)
iyÙÖìepr\®L$_e¡ N°lZ L$fhp_y„ R>¡ Ðepf¡ `Z s¡Ap¡ s¡_¡ âdpZÖ[óV$\u S> N°lZ L$f¡ R>¡, L$pfZ L¡$ s¡Ap¡_u
^pfZpdp„ Öìe b¡ cpNhpmy„ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡dp„_p¡ A¡L$ cpN iyÙ A_¡ buÅ¡ AiyÙ R>¡. buÅ_u Aphu
dpÞesp_u c|g lp¡hp\u, Ad¡ Äepf¡ |Z®Öìe_u hps L$fuA¡ Ðepf¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ s¡dp„ âdpZ_p Öìe_p„ S>
v$i®_ \pe R>¡ A_¡ Äepf¡ Ad¡ s¡ S> âdpZ_p Öìe_¡ iyÙÖìepr\®L$_e¡ N°lZ L$fu_¡ s¡_¡ iyÙpÐdp =
`fd`pqfZprdL$cph L$luA¡, Ðepf¡ s¡Ap¡ `ep®e\u rcß, A`qfZprd = Ly$V$õ\ ip¡ ¡ R>¡, L¡$ S>¡_y„
A[õsÒh S> _\u, S>¡ L$v$u iyÙ cpNê$` A\p®s¹ A¡L$p„s iyÙê$` dmhp_p¡ S> _\u] A¡V$gp dpV$¡ rkÙ \pe
R>¡ L¡$- S>¡d s¡ AiyÙ kyhZ®dpmpdp„ AÞe ^psyAp¡_p¡ k„ep¡N R>sp„ `Z hpõshdp„ `fk„ep¡N rh_p_y„
rcßê$`\u iyÙ kyhZ®_y„ A[õsÒh rkÙ \pe R>¡ s¡hu S> fus¡ Æhpqv$L$ _h `v$p\p£dp„ iyÙ Æh_y„
A[õsÒh rkÙ R>¡.'' AÞe\p _rl, A\p®s¹ s¡ AiyÙ `ep®ep¡ rkhpe s¡ L$pm¡ ÆhÐh AÞe L$p„C S> _\u
s¡ |Z® Æh S> s¡ ê$` `qfZd¡g R>¡, dpV$¡ s¡dp„ S> iyÙpÐdp Ry>`pe¡g R>¡. Ap S> cph_p A_yk„ p_ ê$`
ÖóV$p„sp¡ lh¡ `R>u_u Np\pAp¡dp„ Ap ¡g R>¡, s¡ V|$„L$dp„ S>ZphuA¡ R>uA¡:-
Np\p 166:- dp„ L$uQX$ krls S>m_y„ Dv$plfZ R>¡, s¡ L$uQX$ krls S>mdp„ S> iyÙ S>m
Ry>`pe¡g R>¡.
Np\p 167:- dp„ Ar‚_y„ ÖóV$p„s R>¡, D`Qpf\u Ar‚_p¡ ApL$pf s¡_p bmsZ A_ykpf \hp
67
R>sp„, s¡ dpÓ Ar‚ S> R>¡ AÞe L$p„C`Z ê$` _\u A\p®s¹ bmsZê$` _\u, Ap S> hps kdekpf Np\p
6dp„ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$ op_ o¡eê$` `qfZdhp„ R>sp„ `Z s¡ opeL$ S> R>¡.
Np\p 168:- dp„ v$ ®Z_y„ ÖóV$p„s R>¡, v$ ®Zdp„ AgN AgN ârstbb lp¡hp R>sp„, s¡_¡ Np¥Z
L$fpsp„ S> dpÓ õhÃR> v$ ®Z S> R>¡, hpõshdp„ Ðep„ AÞe L$p¡C _\u.
Np\p 169:- dp„ õaV$uL$_y„ ÖóV$p„s R>¡, s¡ õaV$uL$dp„ L$p¡C`Z Tp„e `X¡$, s¡\u L$fu_¡ s¡ s¡hp f„N_y„
cpkhp R>sp„, õhê$`\u s¡ s¡hp f„N_y„ \B S>sy„ _\u; õhê$`\u s¡ õhÃR> S> fl¡ R>¡.
Np\p 170:- dp„ op__y„ ÖóV$p„s R>¡, op_ o¡e_¡ ÅZsp„ o¡eê$` \sy„ _\u, `Z S>¡hy„ s¡dp„ o¡e_¡
Np¥Z L$fp¡ sp¡, Ðep„ opeL$ S> lpS>f R>¡; Ap S> fus R>¡ kçeÁv$i®__u, Ap S> hps kdekpf ïgp¡L$
271dp„ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡.
Np\p 171:- dp„ kdyÖ_y„ ÖóV$p„s R>¡, kdyÖ_u hpey\u â¡qfs gl¡fp¡ DW$su lp¡hp R>sp„, s¡ dpÓ
kdyÖê$` S> fl¡ R>¡, hpeyê$` \su _\u; `f„sy kdyÖê$` S> fl¡ R>¡.
Np\p 172:- dp„ _dL$_y„ ÖóV$p„s R>¡, _dL$ fkp¡Bdp„ AÞeê$` \B S>sy„ _\u, R>sp„ Aop_u Æh
s¡ _dL$_p¡ õhpv$ gB iL$sp¡ _\u Äepf¡ op_uÆh c¡v$op_\u _dL$_p¡ õhpv$ (iyÙpÐdp_p¡ õhpv$) gB
g¡ R>¡. Ap S> hps_¡ ApNm_u Np\pAp¡dp„ ÖY$ L$fph¡ R>¡ s¡ lh¡ Å¡Ciy„:-
Np\p 178 AÞhep\®:- ""A¡ _h `v$p\p£\u rcß kh®\p iyÙÖìe_u rkrÙ \B iL$su _\u,
(dpV$¡ L$p¡CA¡ s¡hp c°ddp„ fl¡hp_u S>~f _\u L¡$ `ep®e\u rcß kh®\p iyÙ Öìe D`gå^ \i¡) L$pfZ
L¡$- kp^__p¡ Acph lp¡hp\u A¡ iyÙ Öìe_u D`g[å^ \B iL$su _\u,''Ap S> hps Ad¡ |h£
S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$ s¡ AiyÙ `ep®ep¡ rkhpe AÞe L$p¡C Öìe S> _\u, AÐepf¡ sp¡ s¡ |Z® Öìe S> s¡
`ep®eê$`dp„ ìe¼s \C fl¡g R>¡ s¡ `ep®ep¡\u rcß L$p¡C iyÙcph_u rkrÙ \pe L$B fus¡? A\p®s¹ Å¡ \pe
sp¡ s¡ dpÓ c°ddp„ S> \pe, AÞe\p _rl s¡ S> hps AÓ¡ S>Zph¡g R>¡.
Np\p 186 AÞhep\®:- ""s¡\u iyÙsÒh (A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp) L$p„B A¡
_hsÒhp¡\u rhgnZ (A\p®s¹ rcß) A\p¯sfê$` _\u `f„sy L¡$hm _h sÒh k„b„ u rhL$pfp¡_¡ bpv$ L$fsp„
(A\p®s¹ Np¥Z L$fsp„) A¡ _h sÒh S> iyÙ R>¡''
A\p®s¹ s¡ _h sÒh S> `fd`pqfZprdL$ cph_p b_¡gp lp¡hp\u A\p®s¹ °yhê$` iyÙpÐdp S> s¡
_hsÒhê$` `qfZd¡g lp¡hp\u s¡ _hsÒhdp„ S> Ry>`pe¡g R>¡, A\p®s¹ s¡ _hsÒhdp„\u AiyrÙ _¡ Np¥Z
L$fsp„ S> Ö[óV$_p rhjeê$` iyÙpÐdp lpS>f S> R>¡.
Np\p 189 AÞhep\®:- "" yÎe A_¡ `p` krls A¡ kps sÒhp¡_¡ S> _h `v$p\® L$l¡hpdp„ Apìep
R>¡, s\p c|sp\®_e¡ Apîe L$f¡gp kçeÁv$i®__p hpõsrhL$ rhje R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ Ö[óV$_p rhjeê$` R>¡.
_h sÒh_u kpQu îÙp_y„ õhê$`
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje68
cphp\®:- "" |h£ Np\p 186dp„ L$üy„ lsy„ L¡$-_hsÒhp¡\u iyÙpÐdp L$p¡C Sy>v$p¡ `v$p\® _\u. `Z s¡
_h sÒhp¡ k„b„^u rhL$pfp¡_¡ R>p¡X$sp„ (Np¥Z L$fsp„-bpv$ L$fsp„) A¡ _hsÒh S> iyÙ R>¡
(`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp R>¡) _h sÒhp¡ k„b„ u rhL$pfp¡ _¡ L¡$hu fus¡ R>p¡X$pe s¡_p¡ D`pe Ap
Np\pdp„ v$ip®ìep¡ R>¡ L¡$-c|sp\®_e hX¡$ s¡ _h sÒhp¡_p¡ Apîe L$fhp¡ s¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡ (Ö[óV$_p¡
rhje R>¡). îu kdekpf_u Np\p 11dp„ `Z L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$ "ìehlpf_e Ac|sp\® R>¡ s\p iyÙ_e c|sp\®
R>¡ A¡d Fjuíhfp¡A¡ (cNhp_¡) v$ip®ìey„ R>¡, S>¡ Æh c|sp\®_p¡ Apîe L$f¡ R>¡ s¡ Æh r_òe\u
kçeÁÖ[óV$ R>¡' Ðepf `R>u A¡ S> ip÷_u Np\p 13dp„ L$üy„ L¡$ ""c|sp\®_e\u ÅZ¡g Æh, AÆh, yÎe,
`p`, Apöh, k„hf, r_S>®fp, b„ A_¡ dp¡n A¡ _h sÒhp¡ kçe¼¹Ðh R>¡.'' hmu A¡ Np\p_u V$uL$pdp„
L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$ Ap _h sÒhp¡dp„ c|sp\®_e\u A¡L$ Æh S> âL$pidp_ R>¡, A¡d s¡ A¡L$`Z¡ âL$pisp¡
iyÙ_eÜpfp A_ychpe R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ Ap A_yc|rs s¡ ApÐd¿eprs S> R>¡ s\p ApÐd¿eprs s¡ kçeÁv$i®_
R>¡ Ap Np\pdp„ "c|sp\®_e¡ Apîe L$f¡gp _h `v$p\p£ kçeÁv$i®__p hpõsrhL$ rhje R>¡' A¡d L$üy„ R>¡
`Z A¡ dpÓ L$\_`Ùrs_p¡ c¡v$ R>¡-Apiec¡v$ _\u. Al] "c|sp\®_e¡ Apîe L$f¡gp _h`v$p\p£
kçeÁv$i®__p rhje R>¡' A¡d L$l¡hp_y„ L$pfZ A¡ R>¡ L¡$- i„L$pL$pf¡ â\d Np\p 142 \u 149dp„ _h `v$p\p£
b_u iL$sp _\u A¡d L$üy„ lsy„, A_¡ Ðepf `R>u Np\p 179-180dp„ A¡ _h`v$p\p£_¡ ApÐdp\u kh®\p
rcß lp¡hp_y„ L$üy„ lsy„, Ap bß¡ L$\_p¡ v$p¡jey¼s R>¡ A¡d ÖY$ L$fhp dpV$¡ Aphu `Ùrs Al] N°lZ
L$fu R>¡.
ApNm Np\p 218-219dp„ i„L$pL$pf afu\u L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ Äepf¡ _hsÒhp¡dp„ kçeÁÖ[óV$_¡ r_òe\u
dpÓ ApÐdp_u D`g[å^ \pe R>¡ A_¡ A¡ S> iyÙD`g[å^ R>¡ sp¡ `R>u kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje-_h`v$p\®
iu fus¡ b_u iL¡$? s¡_y„ kdp^p_ Np\p 220 \u 223dp„ A¡d L$ey R>¡ L¡$- rdÕepÖ[óV$ s\p kçeÁÖ[óV$
bß¡_¡ _h `v$p\p£_p¡ A_ych sp¡ R>¡ `f„sy rdÕepÖ[óV$_¡ s¡ (A_ych) rhi¡jê$ ¡ (A\p®s¹ rhcphcphê$`
`ep®eê$ ¡) s\p kçeÁÖ[óV$_¡ s¡ (A_ych) kpdpÞeê$ ¡ (A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdpê$ ¡)
\pe R>¡ s¡\u s¡ bß¡dp„ A¡ A_ych_p õhpv$_p¡ saphs R>¡, A_¡ A¡ hps Np\p 224 \u 225dp„ ÖóV$p„s
Ap`u_¡ rkÙ L$fu R>¡.
_hsÒhp¡dp„ kpdpÞe`Z¡ ApÐdp_¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$ L¡$hp¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ s¡ Np\p 194\u 196dp„ S>Zpìey„
R>¡. A_¡ Ðepf `R>u iyÙ_e_p rhjeê$` ApÐdp_y„ õhê$` îukdekpf_u Np\p 14_¡ A_ykfu_¡ Np\p
234 \u 237dp„ Apàey„ R>¡, hmu Np\p 403 s\p „QpÝepeu |hp® ® Np\p 532_p cphp\®dp„ `Z
iyÙ_e_p Apîe\u S> ^d® \pe A¡d L$üy„ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ \pe A¡d kdS>hy„).
69
A¡ âdpZ¡ c|sp\®_e_p Apîe\u S> kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ \B iL¡$ R>¡ A¡d Ap Np\pdp„ S>Zpìey„
R>¡. Ap L$\_ AÝepÐdcpjp\u R>¡, ApNdcpjpdp„ D`pv$p_ s\p r_rdÑ bß¡_¡ S>Zphhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.
s¡\u Ðep„ "Æh A_¡ L$d®' hN¡f¡_u Ahõ\p L¡$hu lp¡e Ðepf¡ kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ \pe? s¡ S>Zphhpdp„ Aph¡
R>¡'' A\p®s¹ Ö[óV$_p rhjeê$` iyÙpÐdp_u D`g[å^ _h sÒh_¡ ÅZsp„ L¡$hu fus¡ \pe R>¡ s¡ AÓ¡ v$f¡L$_¡
õ`óV$ kdÅh¡g R>¡.
Np\p 192 AÞhep\®:- ""Æh_p õhê$`_¡ Q¡s_p L$l¡ R>¡ s¡ Q¡s_p Al] kpdpÞeê$`\u A¡V$g¡
ÖìeÖ[óV$A¡ r_f„sf A¡L$ âL$pf¡ lp¡e R>¡ (s¡_¡ S> `fd`pqfZprdL$ cph, iyÙpÐdp, L$pfZiyÙ`ep®e hN¡f¡
_pdp¡\u Ap¡mMpe R>¡, s¡ hõsy_p¡ kpdpÞecph R>¡ A\p®s¹ hõsy_¡ `ep®e\u Å¡sp„ s¡ `ep®e_p¡
kpdpÞecph R>¡) s\p rhi¡jê$`\u A¡V$g¡ `ep®eÖ[óV$A¡ s¡ Q¡s_p ¾$d |h®L$ b¡ âL$pf_u R>¡ (A\p®s¹
Ap¥v$reL$, D`id, nep¡ id cphê$` AiyÙ A\hp npreL$ cphê$` iyÙ A¡d b¡ âL$pf_u lp¡e R>¡) `Z
s¡ eyN`s A¡V$g¡ A¡L$ kp\¡ _tl (A\p®s¹ Äepf¡ npreL$cph rhi¡j cphê$` lp¡e R>¡ Ðepf¡ s¡ Ap¥v$¡reL$
hN¡f¡ê$` _\u lp¡sp¡ A\p®s¹ bß¡ kp\¡ _\u lp¡sp).''
A\p®s¹ iyÙsÒh A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp A¡ L$p„B _hsÒhp¡\u rhgnZ
A\p®s¹ rcß A\p¯sfê$` _\u `f„sy L¡$hm _h sÒh k„b„ u rhL$pfp¡_¡ bpv$ L$fsp„ S> A\p®s¹ Np¥Z L$fsp„
S> A¡ _h sÒh S> iyÙ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp S> R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ S> Ö[óV$_p
rhjeê$` R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ A ¡npA¡ _h sÒh_¡ ÅZsp„ kçeÁv$i®_ L$l¡hpe R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ õ\|m\u S>
k|ÿddp„ S>hpe A\p®s¹ âNV$\u S> AâNV$dp„ S>hpe A\p®s¹ ìe¼s\u S> Aìe¼sdp„ S>hpe A¡ S>
r_ed R>¡.
_h sÒh_u kpQu îÙp_y„ õhê$`
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje70
18
kçeÁv$i®__y„ gnZ
lh¡ kçeÁv$i®__y„ gnZ S>Zph¡ R>¡; „QpÝepeu DÑfp ®_u Np\pAp¡:-
Np\p 215 AÞhep\®:- ""s\p L¡$hm ApÐdp_u D`g[å^ (A\p®s¹ "ly„ ApÐdp Ry>„' A¡hu kdS>)
`Z kçeÁv$i®__y„ gnZ b_u iL$su _\u `f„sy Å¡ s¡ D`g[å^ "iyÙ' rhi¡jZkrls lp¡e A\p®s¹ iyÙ
ApÐdp¡ g[å^ lp¡e (A\p®s¹ dpÓ "iyÙpÐdp' dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' lp¡e) sp¡ S> s¡ kçeÁv$i®__y„ gnZ \B
iL¡$ R>¡. Å¡ s¡ ApÐdp¡ g[å^ AiyÙ lp¡e sp¡ s¡ kçeÁv$i®__y„ gnZ b_u iL$su _\u.''
Ap`Z¡ S>¡ c¡v$op__u hps |h£ L$f¡g s¡ S> AÓ¡ S>Zph¡g R>¡, c¡v$op_ê$` õh A_¡ `f b¡
A ¡npA¡ lp¡e R>¡; A¡L$, `fÖìeê$` L$dp£, ifuf, Of, dL$p_, v$yL$p_, `Ð_u, yÓ hN¡f¡\u ly„ rcß Ry>„ s¡hy„
AÞe Öìe kp\¡_y„ c¡v$op_ê$` õh-`f lp¡e R>¡. A_¡ s¡ `R>u\u S>¡ buSy>„ õh-`f R>¡ s¡ S> kçeÁv$i®__y„
L$pfZ A_¡ gnZ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ buÅ c¡v$op_ê$` õh-`fdp„, õhê$` dpÓ iyÙpÐdp s¡ õh A_¡ `fê$`
sdpd AiyÙcphp¡, L¡$ S>¡ L$dp£ ( yv¹$Ng) _p r_rdÑ¡ \pe R>¡; s¡ AiyÙcphp¡ \pe R>¡ sp¡ dpfp„dp„ S>
A\p®s¹ ApÐdp S> s¡ cphê$` `qfZd¡ R>¡, `f„sy s¡ cphp¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fhp S>¡hy„ _\u L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ `f_p
r_rdÑ¡ \pe R>¡ A_¡ buSy>„ s¡ nrZL$ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ rkÙp¡_p ApÐdpdp„ D`gå^ _\u. s¡\u s¡ cphp¡
rÓL$pmê$` _\u A_¡ s¡\u dpÓ rÓL$pmu °yhê$` iyÙpÐdp L¡$ S>¡ ÓZ¡ L$pm¡ v$f¡L$ Æhp¡dp„ D`gå^ R>¡ A_¡
s¡ S> A ¡npA¡ "kh® Æhp¡ õhcph\u rkÙ kdp_ S> R>¡' A¡d L$l¡hpe R>¡ s¡ cphdp„ S> A\p®s¹ s¡
"iyÙpÐdp' dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp„ kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ \pe R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u S> iyÙ ApÐdp_u D`g[å^_¡
kçeÁv$i®__y„ gnZ L$üy„ R>¡.
Np\p 221 AÞhep\®:- ""hõsy (A¡V$g¡ |Z®hõsy, s¡_p¡ L$p¡C A¡L$ cpN A¡d _l]) kçeÁop_uAp¡_¡
kpdpÞeê$`\u (`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`\u, iyÙÖìeper\®L$_e_p rhjeê$`\u, iyÙpÐdpê$`\u A\p®s¹
L$pfZiyÙ`ep®eê$`\u) A_ychdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ s¡\u s¡ hõsy (A¡V$g¡ |Z®hõsy) L¡$hm kpdpÞeê$`\u iyÙ
L$l¡hpe R>¡, s\p rhi¡j c¡v$p¡_u A ¡npA¡ AiyÙ L$l¡hpe R>¡''
71
cphp\®:- ""rdÕepÖ[óV$ Æh_¡ fpN s\p `f kp\¡ A¡L$Ðhby[Ý^ fl¡hp\u `fhõsydp„ BóV$-
Ar_óV$`Zp_u L$ë`_p füp L$f¡ R>¡ s\p s¡ A¡hp Aop_de fpNÜ¡j_p L$pfZ\u hõsy_p hõsy Zp_p¡
ârscpk _ L$fsp„ dpÓ BóV$-Ar_óV$`Zpê$`\u S> (A\p®s¹ dpÓ rhi¡jcphp¡_p¡ S> A_ych L$f¡ R>¡
L$pfZ s¡ `ep®eÖ[óV$ S> lp¡e R>¡) hõsy _p¡ A_ych L$f¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh_¡ Aop_de fpNÜ¡j_p¡
Acph (A\p®s¹ s¡_¡ dpÓ iyÙ Öìepepr\®L$_e_u Ö[óV$ lp¡hp\u, fpNÜ¡j Np¥Z L$fu, iyÙ_p¡ S> A_ych
L$f¡ R>¡ s¡\u kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh_¡ Aop_de fpNÜ¡j_p¡ Acph) \ep¡ lp¡hp\u s¡ `f hõsydp„ BóV$-Ar_óV$
L$ë`_p\u frls \B_¡ hõsy Zp_p¡ S> A_ych L$f¡ R>¡ (dpÓ iyÙpÐdp_p¡-kpdpÞecph_p¡ S> A_ych
L$f¡ R>¡).''
Np\p 234-237 AÞhep\®:- ""A¡L$ op__y„ S> `pÓ lp¡hp\u s\p bÙ-õ ©óV$pqv$ cphp¡_p¡
A`pÓ lp¡hp\u (A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' _rl lp¡hp\u) kçeÁÖ[óV$ `p¡sp_¡ âÐen |h®L$ õ`óV$ âL$pf\u
rhi¡j (rhcphcph) frls, AÞe_p k„ep¡Nfrls, QmpQmsp frls s\p AÞe`Zp\u frls (A\p®s¹
Ap¥v$¡reL$ Apqv$ cphp¡\u frls) õhpv$_p¡ Apõhpv$ L$f¡ R>¡. s\p b„ frls, s\p Aõ ©óV$, iyÙ, rkÙ
kdp_ (s¡\u S> s¡_¡ v$¡i¡ rkÙÐh_p¡ A_ych \pe R>¡), iyÙ õaqV$L$ kdp_, kv$pe ApL$pi kdp_
`qfN°l frls B[ÞÖep¡\u D ¡rns A_„s op_-v$i®_-hue®de Ars[ÞÖekyMpqv$L$ A_„s õhpcprhL$
NyZp¡ krls `p¡sp_p ApÐdp_y„ îÝ^p_ L$fhphpmp¡ lp¡e R>¡. s¡\u Å¡L¡$ hpõshdp„ kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh
op_d|rs®hpmp¡ R>¡ sp¡ `Z âk„N\u A\p®s¹ y{$jp\®_u r_b®msp\u s¡_¡ AÞe `v$p\p£_u `Z BÃR>p \B
Åe R>¡ sp¡ Z s¡_¡ L©$sp\® S>¡hp `fd D ¡npcph hs£ R>¡.''
kçeÁv$i®__y„ gnZ
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje72
19
kçeÁÖ[óV$_¡ cp¡N b„ _y„ L$pfZ _\u
ApNm, Qp¡\p A_¡ `p„Qdp NyZõ\p_L$ey¼s Æh cp¡N cp¡Nh¡ R>¡ sp¡ L¡$d cp¡Nh¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡dp„
s¡_¡ b„ _\u A¡ L$B A ¡npA¡ L$l¡hpe R>¡ s¡_y„ õ`róV$L$fZ L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ B[ÞÖeS>ÞekyM,
hpõshdp„ sp¡ v$y:M S> R>¡.
Np\p 239 AÞhep\®:- ""L$pfZ L¡$ kyM S>¡hp S>Zphhphpmp s¡ B[ÞÖeS>ÞekyM, v$y:Mê$`
am_¡ Ap`hphpmp„ lp¡hp\u v$y:Mê$` S> R>¡. s¡\u s¡ kyMpcpk ÐepNhp ep¡Áe R>¡, s\p kh®\p Ar_óV$
A¡ v$y:Mp¡_p„ S>¡ L$d®, l¡sy (r_rdÑ) R>¡ s¡ `Z ÐepNhp ep¡Áe R>¡ (A\p®s¹ v$y:Mp¡_p„ r_rdÑ S>¡ L$d® R>¡ s¡
`Z ÐepNhp ep¡Áe R>¡).''
S>¡ Æhp¡ Aop_u R>¡ s¡_¡ sp¡ B[ÞÖeS>ÞekyMê$` kyMpcpk râe lp¡hp\u r_ed\u v$y:Mê$` S>
R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ v$y:M_y„ S>¡ L$pfZ R>¡ s¡hp„ L$dp£ Aphp kyMp¡ âÐe¡_p ApL$j®Z\u A_¡ s¡hp kyMp¡_¡ fpQu-
dpQu_¡ cp¡Nhhp\u b„ pe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ L$pmp„sf¡ v$y:M Ap`hphpmp S> b_¡ R>¡. Äepf¡ ApÐdop_u s¡hp
kyMp¡_¡ D ¡npcph\u-`p¡sp_u r_b®msp kdÆ_¡ cp¡Nh¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u s¡_¡ Aë`b„ \pe R>¡ Mfp¡ `Z
s¡ Aë`_u A ¡npA¡ _rlhs A\p®s¹ b„ \sp¡ _\u A¡d S> L$l¡hpe R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡_¡ s¡ kyMdp„ "ly„ `Ï„'
lp¡sy„ _\u A_¡ S>¡d fp¡Nu_¡ v$hp dpV$¡_p¡ Apv$f fp¡N dV$¡ Ðep„ ky u S> lp¡e R>¡ s¡d ApÐdop_u_¡ `Z
B[ÞÖeS>ÞekyM_p¡ Apv$f `p¡sp_p y{$jp\®_u r_b®msp R>¡ Ðep„ ky u S> lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ ApÐdop_u s¡hp
kyM_¡ k¡hsp¡ \L$p¡ `Z s¡_¡ `p¡sp_p y{$jp\®_u r_b®msp kdÆ_¡ y{$jp\®dp„ hue® ap¡fhhp A„sf\u
\_N_sp¡ lp¡e R>¡ s¡\u S> s¡ A ¡npA¡ s¡hp kyM s¡ cp¡Nh¡ R>sp„ s¡_¡ b„ L$pfL$ _\u s¡d L$l¡hpe R>¡.
Np\p 256 AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡d S>mp¡_¡ Mfpb ~r^f Q|khp\u s©óZp_p buS>c|s frs Å¡hpdp„
Aph¡ R>¡ s¡ S> âdpZ¡ (Aop_u) k„kpfu Æhp¡dp„ `Z A¡ rhjep¡dp„ kyrls`Ï„ (kp{„$ dp_hp\u, Apv$f
lp¡hp\u, ApL$j®Z lp¡hp\u) dp_hp\u s©óZp_p buS>c|s frs (Apkr¼s) Å¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡'' A\p®s¹
rhjep¡_u Aphu Apkr¼s R>p¡X$hp S>¡hu R>¡ A¡ hps Ahíe Ýep_dp„ fpMhp S>¡hu R>¡. L$pfZ L¡$:-
73
Np\p 258 AÞhep\®:- ""k„ |Z® L$\__p¡ kpfp„i Ap R>¡ L¡$- Al] S>Ns S>¡_¡ kyM L$l¡ R>¡ s¡
kh® v$y:M S> R>¡; s\p s¡ v$y:M ApÐdp_p¡ ^d® _rl lp¡hp\u kçeÁÖ[óV$Ap¡_¡ s¡ v$y:Mê$` kp„kpqfL$ kyMp¡_u
Arcgpjp \su _\u.'' A\p®s¹ kçeÁÖ[óV$Ap¡_¡ kyM_p ApL$j®Z_p¡ Arcâpe lp¡sp¡ _\u.
Np\p 271 \u 276 AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡d fp¡N_u ârsq¾$ep L$fsp¡ L$p¡B fp¡Nu y{$j s¡ fp¡NAhõ\pdp„
fp¡N_p `v$_¡ CÃR>sp¡ _\u A\p®s¹ kfp¡N Ahõ\p_¡ Qplsp¡ _\u (A\p®s¹ op_u `p¡s¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap S>¡
ly„ fpN-Ü¡jê$` `qfZdy„ Ry>„ s¡ dpfu fp¡NN°õs Ahõ\p R>¡ L$pfZ s¡Z¡ iyÙpÐdp_p¡ õhpv$ A_ych¡g R>¡
sp¡ afu-afu s¡ s¡hu fpNN°õs = fp¡NN°õs Ahõ\p L¡$d BÃR>¡? A\p®s¹ _\u CÃR>sp¡) sp¡ `R>u buÆ
hMs fp¡N DÐ`Þ_ \hp_u BÃR>p_p rhjedp„ (A\p®s¹ _hu_ L$d®b„ \pe A¡hp L$pfZp¡dp„ sp¡ s¡ âhs£
S> iy„ L$pd? A\p®s¹ y{$jp\®_u _bmpB _ lp¡e sp¡ _ S> âhs£) sp¡ L$l¡hy„ S> iy„? A\p®s¹ afu\u fp¡N_u
DÐ`rÑ sp¡ s¡ BÃR>hp_p¡ S> _\u. A¡ S> âdpZ¡ Äepf¡ cphL$dp£Üpfp `uqX$s \sp¡ L$d®S>Þe q¾$epAp¡_¡
L$fhphpmp¡ op_u L$p¡C`Z L$d® v$_u CÃR>p L$fsp¡ _\u sp¡ `R>u s¡ C[ÞÖep¡_p rhjep¡_p¡ Arcgpju R>¡
A¡d ¼ep Þepe\u L$lu iL$pe? -L$d®dpÓ_¡ _rl BÃR>hphpmp s¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$_¡ h¡v$_p_p¡ ârsL$pf `Z
ArkÙ _\u (A\p®s¹ ârsL$pf lp¡e R>¡), L$pfZ L¡$ -L$jpeê$` fp¡Nkrls s¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$_¡ h¡v$_p_p¡ ârsL$pf
_hu_ fp¡Npqv$_¡ DÐ`Þ_ L$fhpdp„ L$pfZê$` L$lu iL$psp¡ _\u. (A\p®s¹ s¡_¡ s¡ h¡v$_p_p¡ ârsL$pf A\p®s¹
fp¡N_u v$hp sfuL¡$ k¡h¡g cp¡N _hu_ L$dp£_p b„ ê$` L$lu iL$psp¡ _\u) s¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$ cp¡Np¡_y„ k¡h_ L$fsp¡
lp¡hp R>sp„ `Z hpõshdp„ cp¡Np¡_y„ k¡h_ L$fhphpmp¡ L$l¡hpsp¡ _\u L$pfZ L¡$ fpNfrls (A\p®s¹ fpNdp„
"ly„ `Ï„' _\u A¡hp¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$) Æh_¡ L$sp®by[Ý^ rh_p L$f¡gp L$d® fpN_p L$pfZ _\u. Å¡L¡$ L$p¡B-L$p¡B
kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh_¡ A\p®s¹ S>OÞehs} (A\p®s¹ Qp¡\p NyZõ\p_L$hpmp) kçeÁÖ[óV$_¡ L$d®Q¡s_p s\p
L$d®amQ¡s_p lp¡e R>¡ (A\p®s¹ L$sp®-cp¡¼sp cph Å¡hp dm¡ R>¡) sp¡ `Z hpõshdp„ s¡ op_Q¡s_p S> R>¡
(L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ v$¡Musp L$sp®-cp¡¼sp cphdp„ "ly„ `Ï„' _ lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ op_Q¡s_p S> R>¡) L$d®dp„ s\p
L$d®amdp„ fl¡hphpmu Q¡s_p_y„ am b„ \pe R>¡ `f„sy s¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$_¡ Aop_de fpN_p¡ Acph lp¡hp\u
(A\p®s¹ fpNdp„ "ly„ `Zp'_p¡ Acph lp¡hp\u) b„ \sp¡ _\u s¡\u s¡ op_Q¡s_p S> R>¡.''
kçeÁÖ[óV$_¡ cp¡N b„ _y„ L$pfZ _\u
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje74
20
r_rdÑ-D`pv$p__u õ`óV$sp
lh¡ ApNdcpjp\u kdÅh¡ R>¡ L¡$ kçeÁv$i®__u âp[às ¼epf¡ \pe R>¡? „QpÝepeu DÑfp ®_u
Np\p:-
Np\p 378 AÞhep\®:- ""v$¥h (L$d®) ep¡N\u, L$pmpqv$L$ g[å^Ap¡_u âp[às \sp„ k„kpfkpNf
(_p¡ qL$_pfp¡) r_L$V$ Aphsp„ A\hp cìecph_p¡ rh`pL$ \sp„ Æh, kçeÁv$i®__¡ âpàs L$f¡ R>¡.''
AÓ¡ Äepf¡ kçeÁv$i®_ \pe Ðepf¡ e\p\® r_rdÑ_y„ op_ L$fph¡g R>¡, A\p®s¹ L$pe®ê$ ¡ sp¡ D`pv$p_
õhe„ S> `qfZd¡ R>¡ `f„sy Ðepf¡ e\p\® r_rdÑ_u lpS>fu AQ|L$ S> lp¡e R>¡. s¡\u L$lu iL$pe L¡$ ""L$pe®
r_rdÑ\u sp¡ \sy„ S> _\u, `f„sy r_rdÑ hNf `Z \sy„ S> _\u''A_¡ s¡\u S> rS>_pNddp„ Æh_¡
`s__p L$pfZc|s r_rdÑp¡\u v$|f fl¡hp_p¡ D`v$¡i W$¡f W$¡f Ap ¡g R>¡ A_¡ s¡ ep¡Áe S> R>¡.
AÞe\p L$p¡B A¡L$p„s¡ A¡d dp_¡ L¡$ r_rdÑ sp¡ `fd AL$sp® S> R>¡, A_¡ õhÃR>„v$¡ L$fu Nd¡ s¡hp
r_rdÑp¡_y„ k¡h_ L$f¡, sp¡ s¡_¡ r_ed\u rdÕepÐhu A_¡ A_„sk„kpfu S> kdS>hp¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡_¡ r_rdÑ_y„
e\p\® op_ S> _\u. s¡\u S> L$üy„ L¡$ r_òe\u L$pe® r_rdÑ\u sp¡ \sy„ S> _\u L$pfZ L¡$ D`pv$p_ õhe„
S> L$pe®ê$ ¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡ _rl L¡$ r_rdÑ, `f„sy L$pe® r_rdÑ hNf `Z \sy„ _\u S> L$pfZ L¡$ Äepf¡ L$p¡C`Z
L$pe® \pe Ðepf¡ s¡_¡ ep¡Áe r_rdÑ_u lpS>fu AQ|L$ S>-Arh_pcph¡ S> lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u S> dydyny Æh
rhh¡L¡$ L$fu l„d¡ip _bmp r_rdÑp¡\u bQhp_u S> L$p¡rijp¡ L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ s¡_p `s__p L$pfZ b_u iL¡$
R>¡ A_¡ Ap S> r_rdÑ D`pv$p__u e\p\® kdS>Z R>¡; r_rdÑ-D`pv$p__u rhi¡j R>ZphV$ ApNm
kdekpf_p r_rdÑ-D`pv$p__p Ar^L$pfdp„ `Z L$fuiy„.
75
21
D`ep¡N A_¡ g[å^ê$` kçeÁv$i®_
„QpÝepeu DÑfp ®_u Np\p:-
Np\p 404 AÞhep\®:- ""ApV$gy„ rhi¡j R>¡ L¡$- kçeÁv$i®_ A_¡ õhp_ych A¡ bß¡dp„
rhjdìeprá R>¡. L$pfZ L¡$ "kçeÁv$i®__u kp\¡ D`ep¡Nê$` õhp_yc|rs lp¡e S>' Aphu kdìeprá _\u
(A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®__u lpS>fu kde¡ õhpÐdp_yc|rsê$` A_ych lp¡e `Z R>¡ A_¡ _\u `Z lp¡sp¡ s¡\u
kdìeprá A\p®s¹ Arh_pcph D`[õ\rs _\u lp¡su) `f„sy g[å^dp„ A\p®s¹ g[å^ê$` (op__u gå^
A_¡ D`ep¡N A¡hu b¡ Ahõ\pAp¡ lp¡e R>¡, s¡dp„ g[å^ê$` Ahõ\pdp„) õhp_yc|rs_u kp\¡ kçeÁv$i®__u
kdìeprá R>¡ (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®__u lpS>fudp„ op_dp„ g[å^ê$ ¡ õhp_yc|rs_u lpS>fu Arh_pcph
A\p®s¹ AQ|L$ S> lp¡e R>¡).''
A\p®s¹ |h£ „QpÝepeu DÑfp ®_u Np\p 215 dp„ S>Zpìep A_ykpf ApÐdp_u D`g[å^ "iyÙ'
rhi¡jZ krls lp¡e A\p®s¹ iyÙp¡ ep¡Nê$` õhpÐdp_yc|rsê$` A_ych krls lp¡e sp¡ S> s¡ kçeÁv$i®__y„
gnZ \B iL¡$ R>¡ A_¡ Å¡ s¡ ApÐdp¡ g[å^ AiyÙ lp¡e sp¡ s¡ kçeÁv$i®__y„ gnZ b_u iL$su _\u
`f„sy s¡ iyÙp¡ ep¡Nê$` õhpÐdp_yc|rsê$` A_ych_y„ kpsÐe nrZL$ S> lp¡hp R>sp„ s¡_y„ kpsÐe gå^ê$`
sp¡ kçeÁv$i®__u lpS>fu kde¡ AQ|L$ S> lp¡e R>¡.
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje76
22
õhp_yc|rs hNf_u îÙp
lh¡ õhp_yc|rs hNf_u îÙp rhi¡ S>Zph¡ R>¡- „QpÝepeu DÑfp ®_u Np\p:-
Np\p 423 AÞhep\®:- ""õhp_yc|rs rh_p_u îÙp (A\p®s¹ L$p¡B A¡d dp_¡ L¡$ _h sÒh_u îÙp
s¡ S> kçeÁv$i®_ A\hp kpQp v$¡h-Ny{$-^d®_u îÙpê$` kçeÁv$i®_ dp_sp„ lp¡e sp¡ s¡hu õhp_yc|rs
rh_p_u îÙp) kdurQ_ (kpQu-L$pe®L$pfu) îÙp lp¡su _\u s¡\u S>¡ kçeÁv$i®__p gnZc|s îÙp
ep¡rNL$~qY$-r_~r¼s\u (A\p®s¹ õhp_yc|rsê$` ep¡N krls_u) rkÙ A\®hpmu R>¡ (A\p®s¹ kpQu R>¡-
L$pe®L$pfu R>¡) s¡ `Z hpõshdp„ õhp_yc|rs_u dpaL$ Arh~Ù L$\_ R>¡ (s¡hu îÙpê$` kçeÁv$i®_ s¡
õhp_yc|rsê$` kçeÁv$i®_ S> R>¡)''
A\p®s¹ õhp_yc|rs hNf_u îÙp L$pe®L$pfu _\u A\p®s¹ |h£ S>Zpìep A_ykpf dpÓ ìehlpf_e_¡
S> dpÞe L$f_pfp dp¡V$p cpN_p S>¥_p¡ A¡hy„ dp_¡ R>¡ L¡$- kçeÁv$i®_ A¡V$g¡ kps/_h sÒhp¡_u
(õhpÐdp_yc|rs hNf_u) îÙp A\hp kpQp v$¡h-Ny{$-ip÷_u (õhpÐdp_yc|rs hNf_u) îÙp.
kçeÁv$i®__u Ap ìep¿ep ìehlpf_e_p `n_u R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡hu õhp_yc|rs rh_p_u îÙp kdurQ_
(kpQu-L$pe®L$pfu) îÙp lp¡su _\u s¡\u S>¡ kçeÁv$i®__p gnZc|s îÙp ep¡rNL$~qY$-r_~r¼s\u A\p®s¹
õhpÐdp_yc|rsê$` ep¡N krls_u rkÙ A\®hpmu R>¡ A\p®s¹ kpQu R>¡ = L$pe®L$pfu R>¡ A_¡ s¡ kdurQ_
(kpQu-L$pe®L$pfu) îÙp `Z hpõshdp„ õhp_yc|rs_u dpaL$ Arh~Ù L$\_ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡hu îÙpê$`
kçeÁv$i®_ s¡ õhp_yc|rsê$` kçeÁv$i®_ S> R>¡. A\p®s¹ S>¡ A¡L$_¡ A\p®s¹ ApÐdp_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ s¡ S> kh®_¡
A\p®s¹ kps/_h sÒhp¡_¡ A_¡ kpQp v$¡h-Ny{$-ip÷_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ A¡L$ ApÐdp_¡ ÅZsp„ S> s¡
Æh kpQp v$¡h sÒh_p¡ A„i¡ A_ych L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u S> s¡ kpQp v$¡h_¡ A„sf\u Ap¡mM¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡d
kpQp v$¡h_¡ ÅZsp„ S> A\p®s¹ (õhpÐdp_yc|rs krls_u) îÙp \sp„ S> s¡ Æh s¡hp v$¡h b_hp_p dpN£
Qpgsp kpQp Ny{$_¡ `Z A„sf\u Ap¡mM¡ R>¡ A_¡ kp\¡-kp\¡ s¡ Æh s¡hp v$¡h b_hp_p¡ dpN® bsphsp
kpQp ip÷_¡ `Z Ap¡mM¡ R>¡.
77
r_òe kçeÁv$i®__u kpQu ìep¿ep Aphu lp¡hp R>sp„ ìehlpf_e_p `nhpmp_¡ kçeÁv$i®__u
Aphu kpQu ìep¿ep dpÞe _\u lp¡su A\hp s¡Ap¡ Aphu ìep¿ep_p¡ S> rhfp¡ L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u L$fu_¡
s¡Ap¡ kçeÁv$i®_ A¡V$g¡ kps/_h sÒhp¡_u L$l¡hpsu (õhpÐdp_yc|rs hNf_u) îÙp A\hp kpQp v$¡h-
Ny{$-ip÷_u L$l¡hpsu (õhpÐdp_yc|rs hNf_u) îÙp A¡V$gy„ S> dp_sp„ lp¡C_¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ õhpÐdp_yc|rs
hNf_u îÙp A_¡ õhpÐdp_yc|rs krls_u îÙp hÃQ¡_p¡ afL$ Mbf lp¡sp¡ _\u A\hp Mbf L$fhp
dp„Nsp _\u; s¡\u L$fu s¡Ap¡ kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$ S>¡ ^d®_p¡ `pep¡ R>¡ s¡_p rhi¡ S> AÅZ flu_¡ ApMu tS>v$Nu
q¾$ep-^d® DÑd fus¡ L$fhp R>sp„ `Z k„kpf_p A„s dpV$¡_p¡ ^d® `pdsp _\u L¡$ S>¡ L$~Zp D`Åhsu
hps R>¡.
õhp_yc|rs hNf_u îÙp
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje78
23
kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh_p¡ r_rh®rQqL$ÐkpNyZ
kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh, dpÓ iyÙpÐdpdp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp¡ lp¡hp R>sp„ `p¡sp_¡ buÅ k„kpfu Æhp¡,
S>¡hp¡ S> A\p®s¹ L$dp£\u dgu_ `Z A_ych L$fsp¡ lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u L$fu_¡ s¡ `p¡sp_¡ AÞe k„kpfu
Æhp¡\u JQp¡ dp_u_¡ s¡d_p âÐe¡ O©Zp hN¡f¡_p cphp¡ L$fsp¡ _\u, s¡ S> s¡_p¡ r_rh®rQqL$ÐkpNyZ R>¡ s¡d
S>Zph¡ R>¡, s¡ AÞe kh£ k„kpfu Æhp¡_¡ `Z `p¡sp_p S>¡hp¡ S> A\p®s¹ õhê$`\u rkÙ kdp_ S> kdS>¡
(ÅZ¡) R>¡.
„QpÝepeu DÑfp ®_u Np\p:-
Np\p 584 AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡d S>mdp„ L$p„B (Nv$gudrg_sp) fl¡ R>¡. W$uL$, A¡ S> âdpZ¡ Äep„
ky u Æhdp„ AiyrQê$` A¡hp„ L$dp£ R>¡ Ðep„ ky u ly„ (A\p®s¹ kçeÁÖ[óV$ = op_u) A_¡ s¡ kh® k„kpfuÆhp¡
kpdpÞeê$`\u (A\p®s¹ kdp_ fus\u) r_òe`|h®L$ L$dp£\u drg_ R>¡ (A¡hp¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$_p¡
r_rh®rQqL$ÐkpNyZ).'' A\p®s¹ kçeÁÖ[óV$ = op_u Æh_¡ L$p¡C`Z Æh âÐe¡ syÃR>cph _\u lp¡sp¡ `f„sy
kh£ Æhp¡ âÐe¡ s¡d_¡ kdcph = kpçecph lp¡e R>¡ s¡ S> kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh_p¡ r_rh®rQqL$ÐkpNyZ R>¡.
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24
kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡_u ep¡Áesp
kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡_u Æh_u ep¡Áesp rhi¡ S>Zph¡ R>¡, „QpÝepeu DÑfp ®_u Np\pAp¡:-
Np\p 724 AÞhep\®:- ""A¡ ApW$¡ d|mNyZp¡ (hX$_p V$¡V$p, `u`f, L$Wy$df, Ddf s\p `pL$f A¡
`p„Q¡ nufh©n_¡ Dv$çbf L$l¡ R>¡. s¡ Ók tlkp_p õ\p_ R>¡ s¡_p¡ ÐepN s\p ÓZ "dL$pf' A¡V$g¡ L¡$ d^,
dp„k A_¡ dqv$fp A¡ ÓZ_p¡ r_ed\u ÐepN A¡ AóV$d|mNyZ R>¡; A\hp `p„Q AÏh°sp¡_y„ `pg_ _¡
d^-dp„k-d y_p¡ r_fprsQpf ÐepN s¡ îphL$_p ApW$ d|mNyZ R>¡- |. Ny{$v$¡h îu L$p_Æõhpdu_p
îphL$^d®âL$pi D`f_p âhQ_p¡ ©›$-45) õhcph\u A\hp Ly$m`f„ fp\u `Z Aph¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹
N©lõ\p¡_¡ âpàs \pe R>¡ s\p Ap õ`óV$ R>¡ L¡$ A¡ d|mNyZp¡ rh_p Æhp¡_¡ kh® âL$pf_p h°s s\p kçeL¹$Ðh
lp¡B iL$sp„ _\u.'' A\p®s¹ d|mNyZp¡_¡ Æh_u kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡_u ep¡Áespê$` L$üp.
"fÐ_L$f„X$L$ îphL$pQpf' ïgp¡L$ 66 A_ykpf- ""dyr_Ap¡dp„ DÑd NZ^fpqv$L$ v$¡h d^ÐepN,
dp„kÐepN A_¡ d yÐepN kp\¡ `p„Q AÏh°sp¡_¡ N©lõ\p¡_p ApW$ d|mNyZ L$l¡ R>¡.''
|. Ny{$v$¡h îu L$p_Æõhpdu_p îphL$^d®âL$pi D`f_p âhQ_p¡ ©›$-45 D`f ApNm S>Zph¡
R>¡ L¡$- ""Al] îphL$_¡ d^-dp„k hN¡f¡_p¡ ÐepN lp¡hp_y„ L$üy„, `f„sy A¡ Ýep_ fpMhy„ L¡$ `l¡gu c|rdL$pdp„
kp^pfZ rS>opky_¡ `Z d^-dp„k-d y-fprÓcp¡S>_ hN¡f¡ suh° `p`_p„ õ\p_p¡_p¡ sp¡ ÐepN S> lp¡e
S>, _¡ îphL$_¡ sp¡ ârsop |h®L$-r_ed\u s¡_p¡ ÐepN lp¡e R>¡.''
Np\p 740 AÞhep\®:- ""N©lõ\p¡A¡ `p¡sp_u ir¼s A_ykpf ârsdpê$`\u h°s A\hp rh_p
ârsdpê$`\u h°s, A¡ âdpZ¡ bß¡ âL$pf_p¡ k„ed `Z `pg_ L$fhp¡ Å¡BA¡.'' A\p®s¹ kh£ S>_p¡A¡ dpÓ
ApÐdgn¡ A\p®s¹ ApÐdâp[às A\£ k„ed `Z `pg_ L$fhp¡ Å¡BA¡.
Ap S> hps `fdpÐdâL$pi-dp¡npr^L$pf Np\p 64dp„ Ap fus¡ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- "" „Q`fd¡r›$_¡
h„v$_, `p¡sp_p Aiyc L$dp£_u t_v$p A_¡ A`fp^p¡_u âperòspqv$ (ârs¾$dZ) rhr^\u r_h©rÑ, Ap b y„
yÎe_y„ L$pfZ R>¡, dp¡n_y„ L$pfZ _\u, A¡V$gp dpV$¡ `l¡gu Ahõ\pdp„ `p`_¡ v$|f L$fhp dpV$¡ op_u y{$j
Ap b y„ L$f¡ R>¡, L$fph¡ R>¡ A_¡ L$fhphpmp_¡ kp{„$ ÅZ¡ R>¡ sp¡ `Z r_rh®L$ë` iyÙp¡ ep¡N Ahõ\pdp„ op_u
Æh Ap ÓZ¡dp„\u A¡L$`Z _ L$f¡, _ L$fph¡ A_¡ L$fhphpmp_¡ kp{„$ _ ÅZ¡ (L$pfZ L¡$ r_rh®L$ë`
iyÙp¡ ep¡N Ahõ\pdp„ op_u Æh_¡ L$p¡C S> rhL$ë` _\u lp¡sp).'' A\p®s¹ c|rdL$p A_ykpf D`v$¡i lp¡e
R>¡ AÞe\p _rl, A¡L$p„s¡ _rl.
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje80
25
iycp¡`ep¡N r_S>®fp_y„ L$pfZ _\u
„QpÝepeu DÑfp ®_u Np\p:-
Np\p 762 AÞhep\®:- ""by[Ý^_u d„v$sp\u Aphu `Z Api„L$p _ L$fhu L¡$- iycp¡ ep¡N, A¡L$
v$¡i\u `Z r_S>®fp_y„ L$pfZ \pe R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ iycD`ep¡N, Aiyc_¡ gph_pf lp¡hp\u (A\p®s¹ S>¡Ap¡
iyc D`ep¡Ndp„ ^d® kdS>¡ R>¡ A_¡ iyc D`ep¡N\u `Z r_S>®fp dp_¡ R>¡ A¡hp¡ A¡L$ hN® S>¥_ kdpS>dp„
R>¡, s¡Ap¡_¡ AÓ¡ kdÅh¡g R>¡ L¡$ õhpÐdp_yc|rsê$` r_òe kçeÁv$i®_ rh_p_p¡ iycD`ep¡N r_ed\u
ApÐdpdp„ Aë` iyc_u kp\¡ kp\¡ dp¡l_uepqv$ Opsu L$dp£_p¡ Apöh `Z L$fph¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ dp¡l_uepqv$
Opsu L$dp£ r_ed\u Æh_¡ v$y:M_p L$f_pfp R>¡, A\p®s¹ Aiyc_¡ gph_pfp R>¡ A\p®s¹ iycD`ep¡N Æh_¡
k„kpf\u dy¼s L$fphsp¡ _\u A¡d kdÅhhy„ R>¡. `f„sy AÓ¡ iycD`ep¡N_p¡ r_j¡ _ kdS>hp¡, _rl sp¡
gp¡L$p¡ õhÃR>„v$¡ Aiyc S> ApQfi¡; AÓ¡ DØ¡i iyc R>p¡X$phu, Aiyc dp„ gC S>hp_p¡ _\u `f„sy r_S>®fp
dpÓ iyÙ D`ep¡N\u S> \pe R>¡ s¡d S>Zphhy„ R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$ iyc D`ep¡N) s¡ r_S>®fp_p¡
l¡sy \B iL$sp¡ _\u s\p _ sp¡ s¡ iyc `Z L$lu iL$pe R>¡.''
A¡V$gp dpV$¡ iyc D`ep¡N\u r_S>®fp _ kdS>hu A_¡ Ap Np\p\u iyc_p¡ r_j¡ `Z _
kdS>hp¡ A\p®s¹ iyc D`ep¡N s¡ iyÙ D`ep¡N_y„ (r_S>®fp_y„) L$pfZ _\u `f„sy s¡ iyc D`ep¡N iyc
cphp¡_y„ (A\p®s¹ rhsfpN v$¡h-Ny{$-ip÷_p k„ep¡N_y„) L$pfZ Ahíe R>¡ s¡\u dpÓ-dpÓ ApÐdp_p gn¡
A\p®s¹ ApÐdp_u âp[às_p A\£ (kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡) S>¡ ep¡Áespê$` iycD`ep¡N R>¡ s¡ A ¡npA¡ ApQfhp
ep¡Áe R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ Æh_¡ Aiyc D`ep¡Ndp„ fl¡hp_p¡ D`v$¡i sp¡ L$p¡C S> ip÷ Ap`sp _\u A_¡ s¡\u
L$fu_¡ yÎe(iyc) _¡ l¡e kdÆ_¡ õhÃR>„v$¡ L$p¡B Aiyc D`ep¡Nê$ ¡ `qfZdsp¡ lp¡e sp¡ s¡, `p¡sp_p A_„s
k„kpf_¡ h^pfhp_p¡ S> D`pe ApQfu fl¡g R>¡, A¡d kdS>hy„.
AÓ¡ iycD`ep¡N_¡ r_S>®fp_y„ L$pfZ dp_¡g _\u, L$pfZ L¡$ NyZî¡Zu r_S>®fp_y„ A¡L$ dpÓ L$pfZ
iyÙp¡ ep¡N S> R>¡, s¡ A ¡npA¡ iycD`ep¡N ( yÎe) l¡e R>¡ `f„sy L$p¡C õhÃR>„v$¡ AÞe\p kdÆ_¡ Å¡
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yÎe_¡ l¡e L$lu `p`ê$ ¡ `qfZd¡ sp¡, A¡hp¡ sp¡ L$p¡C`Z ApQpe® cNh„sp¡_p¡ D`v$¡i S> _\u A_¡ A¡hu
A ¡np `Z _\u; fÐ_L$f„X$L$ îphL$pQpf ïgp¡L$ 148dp„ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""`p` Æh_p¡ iÓy R>¡ A_¡
^d® Æh_p¡ rdÓ R>¡, A¡d r_òe L$fsp¡ \L$p¡ îphL$ Å¡ ip÷_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡, sp¡ s¡ r_òe\u î¡›$ opsp A\hp
L$ëepZ_p¡ opsp \pe R>¡.'' A_¡ ApÐdp_yipk_ Np\p 8 dp„ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""`p`\u v$y:M A_¡
^d®\u kyM A¡ hps gp¥qL$L$dp„ `Z S>Ns¹ ârkÙ R>¡ A_¡ kh® kdSy> d_yóep¡ `Z A¡d S> dp_¡ R>¡.
sp¡ S>¡Ap¡ kyM_p A\} lp¡e s¡dZ¡ `p` R>p¡X$u r_f„sf ^d® A„NuL$pf L$fhp¡.''
s¡\u r_ed\u dpÓ dpÓ ApÐdgn¡ iycdp„ S> fl¡hy„ ep¡Áe R>¡ A¡hp¡ Adpfp¡ Arcâpe R>¡, S>¡d
L¡$ CóV$p¡ v$¡i Np\p 3dp„ L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$:- ""h°sp¡ Üpfp v$¡h`v$ âpàs L$fhy„ kp{„$ R>¡, `Z Af¡ Ah°sp¡Üpfp _fL$-
`v$ âpàs L$fhy„ kp{„$ _\u. S>¡d R>pep A_¡ sp`dp„ b¡ku fpl Å¡_pfp b„_¡ ( y{$jp¡) dp„ dp¡V$p¡ saphs
R>¡, s¡d (h°s A_¡ Ah°s_y„ ApQfZ L$f_pf b„_¡ y{$jp¡dp„ dp¡V$p¡ saphs R>¡.)''
ApNm ApÐdp_yipk_ Np\p 239_u V$uL$pdp„ `Z „qX$s îu V$p¡X$fdgÆA¡ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$-
""r_òe Ö[óV$A¡ Å¡sp„ A¡L$ iyÙp¡ ep¡N S> D`pv$¡e R>¡. iycpiyc kh® rhL$ë`p¡ ÐepÄe R>¡. s\pr` s¡hu
s\pê$` v$ipk„ ßsp âpàs _ \pe Ðep„ ky u s¡ S> v$ip_u (iyÙp¡ ep¡Nê$` v$ip_u) âp[às_p gn |h®L$
âiõs ep¡N (iycD`ep¡Nê$`) âh©rÑ D`pv$¡e R>¡. A\p®s¹ iyc hQ_, iyc A„s:L$fZ A_¡ iyc L$pep-
`qf[õ\rs Apv$fZue R>¡-âi„k_ue R>¡. `f„sy dp¡ndpN®_p¡ kpnps¹ L$pfZ _\u sp¡ `Z iyÙp¡ ep¡N âÐe¡
h©rÑ_p¡ âhpl L$p¡C A„i¡ grns \ep¡ R>¡, s¡hp gnhp_ Æh_¡ `f„ fpA¡ L$pfZê$` \pe R>¡.'' A_¡
ApÐdp_yipk_ Np\p 240dp„ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""â\d Aiycp¡ ep¡N R|>V$¡ sp¡ s¡_p Acph\u `p`
A_¡ sˆr_s ârsL|$m ìepLy$mspê$` v$y:M õhe„ v$|f \pe, A_¡ A_y¾$d¡ iyc_p `Z R|>V$hp\u yÎe, s\p
sˆr_s A_yL|$m ìepLy$msp-S>¡_¡ k„kpf `qfZpdu Æhp¡ kyM L$l¡ R>¡, s¡_p¡ `Z Acph \pe......'' dpV$¡
L$p¡C õhÃR>„v$¡ Aiyc D`ep¡Nê$ ¡ _ `qfZd¡ A¡hu Adpfu rh_„rs R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ A¡d L$fsp„ sp¡ Ap`_p
ch_p `Z W$¡L$pZp _l] fl¡, S>¡ hps AÐe„s L$~Zp D`Åh¡ s¡hu R>¡.
iycp¡ ep¡N r_S>®fp_y„ L$pfZ _\u
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje82
26
kçeÁv$i®_ rh_p Öìe QpqfÓ
„QpÝepeu DÑfp ®_u Np\p:-
Np\p 769 AÞhep\®:- ""s\p S>¡ kçeÁv$i®_ rh_p Öìe QpqfÓ s\p îysop_ lp¡e R>¡ s¡ _
sp¡ kçe¼¹op_ R>¡ s\p _ kçeL¹$QpqfÓ R>¡, ANf R>¡ sp¡ s¡ op_ s\p QpqfÓ, dpÓ L$d®b„ _¡ S>
L$fhphpmp„ R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ AÓ¡ â\d S>Zpìep„ A_ykpf L$p¡C `p¡sp_¡ Öìe QpqfÓ\u S> A\hp nep¡ id op_\u
S>, Ad¡ dp¡ndpN®dp„ S> R>uA¡ A¡d kdS>sp lp¡e A_¡ A¡d kdÅhsp lp¡e, sp¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ dpV$¡ gpg bÑu
kdp_ Ap Np\p R>¡. A\p®s¹ L$p¡C_¡ `Z Aæepkê$` Öìe QpqfÓ g¡hp_p¡ L$p¡C S> bp^ _\u, `f„sy
s¡_p\u Å¡ L$p¡C `p¡sp_¡ L©$s-L©$Ðe kdS>sp„ lp¡e A\hp kdÅhsp„ lp¡e A_¡ `p¡sp_¡ R>Ìy$„ A\hp kpsdy„
NyZõ\p_L$ dp_sp„ lp¡e A\hp d_phsp„ lp¡e A_¡ îphL$ `p¡sp_¡ `p„Qdp„ NyZõ\p_L$dp„ [õ\s kdS>sp„
lp¡e A\hp kdÅhsp„ lp¡e sp¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ dpV$¡ Ap Np\p gpg brÑ kdp_ A\p®s¹ kph^p_ L$fhp dpV$¡
R>¡. A¡V$g¡ Å¡ L$p¡C Aphy„ _ kdS>sp„, `p¡sp_¡ dpÓ ApÐdpgn¡ A\p®s¹ ApÐdâp[às A\£ Aæepkê$`
QpqfÓ dp_sp„, kdS>sp„ lp¡e A_¡ s¡_p A\£ S> îysop_ Apfp^sp lp¡e sp¡ s¡Ap¡ L$d®b„ _p L$pfZ\u
A„i¡ bQu iL¡$ R>¡ A_¡ |h£ S>Zpìep A_ykpf `p¡sp_y„ L$ëepZ `Z L$fu iL¡$ R>¡.
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õh-`f rhje_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fhphpmp¡ `Z ApÐdop_u lp¡e
„QpÝepeu DÑfp ®_u Np\pAp¡:-
Np\p 845 AÞhep\®:- ""s¡ nep¡ irdL$op__y„ rhL$ë``Ï„ (A\p®s¹ `f`v$p\®_¡ ÅZhpê$`
D`ep¡N) op_Q¡s_p_y„ bp^L$ L$pfZ \B iL$sy„ _\u. (A\p®s¹ Å¡ L$p¡C A¡d dp_sp„ lp¡e L¡$ Æh `f_¡
ÅZ¡ R>¡ A¡d dp_sp„ rdÕepÐhu \B S>hpe R>¡ A\hp Æh `f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ A¡d dp_sp„ kçeÁv$i®__¡
bp^ \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ \sy„ _\u, sp¡ AÓ¡ kdÅh¡ R>¡ L¡$ op__y„ `f_¡ ÅZhy„ s¡ kçeÁv$i®_
dpV$¡ bp^L $L$pfZ _\u), L$pfZ L¡$ S>¡ NyZ_u S>¡ `ep®e \pe R>¡ s¡ L$\„rQs¹ sv¹$ê$` (s¡ NyZê$`) S> \pe
R>¡ s¡\u nep¡ irdL$op__p¡ rhL$ë` op_Q¡s_pê$` iyÙop__p¡ h¡fu _\u.''
A\p®s¹ Äepf¡ op_ `f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ s¡ op_NyZ `p¡s¡ S> s¡ ApL$pf¡ \sp¡ lp¡hp R>sp„, s¡
`p¡sp_y„ õhs:rkÙ A\p®s¹ °yhê$` A\p®s¹ op_`Ï„ R>p¡X$sp¡ _\u A_¡ s¡\u S> s¡ `f_¡ ÅZhpê$`
op_NyZ_y„ `qfZd_ op_kpdpÞeê$` op_Q¡s_p_p¡ (iyÙop__p¡) h¡fu _\u, bp^L$ _\u, A¡d
kdÆ_¡ Aphp¡ X$f lp¡e sp¡ S>~f L$pY$u _p„Mhp¡ AphíeL$ R>¡; Ap S> hps ApNm ÖY$ L$fph¡ R>¡.:-
Np\p 858 AÞhep\®:- ""op_p¡ ep¡N_p õhcph_p¡ drldp„ S> L$p¡C A¡hp¡ R>¡ L¡$ s¡ (op_p¡ ep¡N)
âv$u`_u dpaL$ õh, s\p `f bß¡_p ApL$pf_p¡ A¡L$kp\ âL$piL$ R>¡.'' Ap Np\pdp„ op__p¡ õh-`f
âL$piL$ õhcph v$ip®h¡g R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ S> op__p¡ drldp `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡.
Np\p 860 AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡ õhpÐdp¡ ep¡Nu S> R>¡ s¡ S> r_òe\u D`ey¼s R>¡ A¡hy„ _\u
(A\p®s¹ S>¡ dpÓ õhD`ep¡Nu R>¡ s¡ S> kçeÁÖ[óV$ R>¡ A¡hy„ _\u), s\p S>¡ `f`v$p\p£ ep¡Nu R>¡ s¡ S>
r_òe\u D`ey¼s R>¡ A¡hy„ _\u (A\p®s¹ S>¡ dpÓ `f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ s¡ S> kçeNÖ[óV$ R>¡ A¡hy„ `Z _\u),
`f„sy Dce (bß¡) rhje_¡ rhje L$fhphpmp¡ S> (ÅZhphpmp¡ S>) D`ey¼s A\p®s¹ D`ep¡N L$fhphpmp¡
lp¡e R>¡ A¡hp¡ r_ed R>¡, A¡ âdpZ¡ q¾$ep_p¡ AÝeplpf L$fhp¡ Å¡BA¡.'' A\p®s¹ kçe¼op_ õh-`f_p
op_ A_¡ rhh¡L$ krls S> lp¡e R>¡, AÞe\p _rl.
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje84
cphp\®:- ""dpÓ õh rhje_p¡ hp dpÓ `f rhje_p¡ S> D`ep¡N L$fhphpmp¡ L$p¡B D`ep¡Nhpmp¡
lp¡e R>¡ A¡hy„ _\u, `f„sy õh-`f rhje_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fhphpmp¡ `Z ApÐdpop_u lp¡e R>¡.''
s¡\u Æh `f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ A¡d dp_sp„ rdÕepÐhu \B S>hpe R>¡ A\hp Æh `f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ A¡d
dp_sp„ kçeÁv$i®__¡ bp^ \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ \sy„ _\u Aphp¡ L$p¡C X$f lp¡e sp¡ R>p¡X$u v$¡hp¡ A_¡
DgVy$„ op_ (ApÐdp) `f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ A¡hy„ L$l¡hp„/dp_hpdp„ L$p¡C S> bp^ _\u L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ S> op__u
Ap¡mMpZ R>¡ AÞe\p sp¡ s¡ op_ S> _\u.
Np\p 877 AÞhep\®:- ""fpNpqv$L$ cphp¡_u kp\¡ b„ _u ìeprá R>¡ `Z op__p rhL$ë`p¡_u kp\¡
b„ _u ìeprá _\u (A\p®s¹ ApÐdp `f_¡ ÅZ¡ sp¡ s¡_p\u L$p¡C S> b„ _\u, dpÓ s¡ = ApÐdp s¡dp„
fpNÜ¡j L$f¡ s¡_p\u S> b„ \pe R>¡, A_¡ s¡\u dpÓ `f_y„ ÅZhy„ A\hp S>Zphy„ s¡dp„ s¡_¡ b„ _u ìeprá
_\u A\p®s¹ s¡_p\u L$p¡C S> b„ _\u) A\p®s¹ op_ rhL$ë`p¡_u kp\¡ Ap b„ _u Aìeprá S> R>¡ `f„sy
fpNpqv$L$p¡_u kp\¡ S>¡hu b„ _u ìeprá R>¡ s¡hu op_rhL$ë`p¡_u kp\¡ ìeprá _\u.''
A\p®s¹ ApÐdp Mf¡Mf `p¡sp_p op_dp„ fQpsp ApL$pfp¡_¡ S> ÅZ¡ R>¡ `f_¡ ÅZsp¡ _\u
(Ap„M_u L$uL$u_u S>¡d) A¡hu op__u ìehõ\p lp¡hp„ R>sp„, A\p®s¹ ApÐdp `f k„b^u_p `p¡sp_p
o¡epL$pfp¡_¡ S> ÅZ¡ R>¡, A_¡ s¡hy„ `f_y„ ÅZhy„ L$p¡C S> fus¡ kçeÁv$i®_dp„ bp^L$ _\u s\p s¡hy„ `f_y„
ÅZhy„ L$p¡C S> fus¡ b„ _y„ L$pfZ `Z _\u; DgVy$„, s¡ A ¡npA¡ õhdp„ S>hp_u kuX$u S>~f R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ hps
|h£ Ad¡ rhõspf\u kdÅh¡g S> R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ õ\|m\u S> k|ÿddp„ S>hpe A\p®s¹ âNV$\u S> AâNV$dp„
S>hpe A\p®s¹ ìe¼s\u S> Aìe¼sdp„ S>hpe A¡ S> r_ed R>¡.
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âhQ_kpf A_ykpf kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Np\p 33 V$uL$p:- ""S>¡d cNhp_, eyN`v¹ `qfZdsp kdõs Q¥sÞerhi¡jp¡hpmp L¡$hmop_
hX¡$, A_pqv$r_^_-r_óL$pfZ-Akp^pfZ-õhk„h¡Ûdp_-Q¥sÞekpdpÞe S>¡_p¡ drldp R>¡ s\p
Q¡sL$õhcph hX¡$ A¡L$`Ï„ lp¡hp\u S>¡ L¡$hm (-A¡L$gp¡, r_c£m, iyÙ, AM„X$) R>¡...''
Aphp¡ R>¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje A_¡ s¡ Q¥sÞekpdpÞe lp¡hp\u A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ kh® rhi¡jcphp¡_p¡
Acph lp¡hp\u S> iyÙpÐdp_¡ = Ö[óV$_p rhje_¡ AtgNN°pü L$üp¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ Ap S> A ¡npA¡
AtgNN°lZ_p bp¡g kdS>hp„ S>~fu R>¡, AÞe\p _rl A\p®s¹ A¡L$p„s¡ _rl L$pfZ L¡$ A¡L$p„ssp¡ A_„s
`fphs®__y„ L$pfZ \hp knd R>¡.
Np\p 80 cphp\®:- ""Al¯scNhp_ A_¡ `p¡sp_p¡ ApÐdp r_òe\u kdp_ R>¡; hmu
Al¯scNhp_ dp¡lfpNÜ¡j frls lp¡hp_¡ gu ¡ s¡d_y„ õhê$` AÐe„s õ`óV$ R>¡, s¡\u Å¡ Æh Öìe-NyZ-
`ep®e`Z¡ s¡ (Al¯scNhp__p) õhê$`_¡ d_ hX¡$ â\d kdÆ g¡ sp¡ "Ap S>¡ "ApÐdp' "ApÐdp' A¡hp¡
A¡L$ê$` (L$\„rQs k×i) rÓL$prmL$ âhpl s¡ Öìe R>¡, s¡_y„ S>¡ A¡L$ê$` fl¡sy„ Q¥sÞeê$` rhi¡jZ s¡ NyZ
R>¡ A_¡ s¡ âhpldp„ S>¡ nZhs} ìersf¡L$p¡ s¡ `ep®e R>¡' A¡d `p¡sp_p¡ ApÐdp `Z Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e`Z¡
s¡_¡ d_ hX¡$ ¿epgdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. A¡ fus¡ rÓL$prmL$ r_S> ApÐdp_¡ d_ hX¡$ ¿epgdp„ gC_¡ `R>u-S>¡d
dp¡suAp¡_¡ A_¡ ^p¡mpi_¡ lpfdp„ S> A„sN®s L$fu_¡ L¡$hm lpf_¡ ÅZhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ s¡d-ApÐd`ep®ep¡_¡
A_¡ Q¥sÞeNyZ_¡ ApÐdpdp„ S> A„sN®rc®s L$fu_¡ (kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje) L¡$hm ApÐdp_¡ ÅZsp„
`qfZpdu-`qfZpd-`qfZrs_p c¡v$_p¡ rhL$ë` _pi `pdsp¡ S>sp¡ lp¡hp\u Æh r_[ó¾$e rQÞdpÓ cph_¡
(iyÙp¡ ep¡N) `pd¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u dp¡l (-v$i®_dp¡l) r_fpîe \ep¡ \L$p¡ rh_pi `pd¡ R>¡.
Å¡ Apd R>¡, sp¡ dp¡l_u k¡_p D`f rhS>e d¡mhhp_p¡ D`pe d¢ âpàs L$ep£ R>¡'' -A¡d L$üy„.
A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$ey.
ïgp¡L$ 7:- ""S>¡Z¡ AÞe Öìe\u rcßsp Üpfp (â\d c¡v$op_) ApÐdp_¡ A¡L$ bpSy> Mk¡X$ép¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje86
R>¡ (A\p®s¹ `fÖìep¡\u AgN v$ip®ìep¡ R>¡) s\p S>¡Z¡ kdõs rhi¡jp¡_p kd|l_¡ kpdpÞe_u A„v$f d‚
L$ep£ R>¡ (rÜrse c¡v$op_) (A\p®s¹ kdõs `ep®ep¡_¡ Öìe_u A„v$f X|$bu Ne¡gp v$ip®ìep R>¡) -A¡hp¡ S>¡
Ap, DÙs dp¡l_u gÿdu_¡ (-F>rÙ_¡, ip¡cp_¡) g|„V$u g¡_pfp¡ iyÙ_e (A\p®s¹ iyÙp¡ ep¡N A\p®s¹
kçeÁv$i®_ = õhpÐdp_yc|rs), s¡Z¡ DÐL$V$ rhh¡L$ hX¡$ sÒh_¡ (ApÐdõhê$`_¡) rhh¼s (âNV$) L$ey R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$ey R>¡.
Np\p 240 V$uL$p:- ""S>¡ y{j A_¡L$p„sL¡$s_ (-A_¡L$p„sey¼s) ApNdop__p bm\u, kL$m
`v$p\p£_p o¡epL$pfp¡ kp\¡ rdrgs \sy„ rhiv$ A¡L$ op_ (o¡epL$pfp¡ A\p®s¹ op_pL$pfp¡ L¡$ S>¡ op__p S>
b_¡g lp¡hp\u s¡ ApL$pfp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> op_kpdpÞedpÓ "iyÙpÐdp' L¡$ S>¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡
s¡ S> âpàs \pe R>¡) S>¡_p¡ ApL$pf R>¡ A¡hp ApÐdp_¡ ('iyÙpÐdp'_¡) îÙsp¡ A_¡ A_ychsp¡ \L$p¡
(A\p®s¹ îÙp_p¡ A_¡ A_ych_p¡ rhje A¡L$ S> R>¡), ApÐdpdp„ S> r_Ðer_òm h©rÑ_¡ CÃR>sp¡
\L$p¡,...,'' AÓ¡ kçeÁv$i®_ âp[às_u rhr^ S>Zph¡g R>¡.
87
29
r_edkpf A_ykpf kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
lh¡ Ap`Z¡ îu r_edkpf ip÷\u ÅZuiy„ L¡$ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje iy„ R>¡? A_¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$
i¡_y„ h¡v$_ L$f¡ R>¡? s¡ L$ep„ cphp¡dp„ f¼s lp¡e R>¡? hN¡f¡-.
ïgp¡L$ 22:- ""klS>op_ê$`u kpd°pÄe S>¡_y„ kh®õh R>¡ A¡hp¡ iyÙQ¥sÞede dpfp ApÐdp_¡
ÅZu_¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙÖìepr\®L$_e¡ L$fu `p¡sp_¡ iyÙpÐdp ÅZu_¡), ly„ Ap r_rh®L$ë` \pD.'' A\p®s¹
iyÙQ¥sÞede ApÐdp s¡ S> kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡_¡ cphsp S> Æh r_rh®L$ë` \pe R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 23:- ""×ri-orá-h©rsõhê$` (v$i®_op_QpqfÓê$ ¡ `qfZdsy„) A¡hy„ S>¡ A¡L$ S>
Q¡s_kpdpÞeê$` (A\p®s ¹ iyÙÖìepr\®L $_e_p rhjeê$` dpÓ kpdpÞeÆh-iyÙpÐdp-
`fd`pqfZprdL$cph) r_S> ApÐdsÒh, s¡ dp¡n¡ÃRy>Ap¡_¡ (dp¡n_p¡) ârkÙ dpN® R>¡; Ap dpN® rh_p
dp¡n _\u.''
A\p®s¹ Ap kpdpÞeÆhdpÓ L¡$ S>¡_¡ klS>`qfZpdu A\hp sp¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` `Z
L$l¡hpe R>¡ s¡ S> Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje R>¡, A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡ A_¡ s¡_p\u S> kçeÁv$i®_ \sp„,
s¡_¡ S> ârkÙ dp¡n_p¡ dpN® L$üp¡ L$pfZ L¡$ kçeÁv$i®_\u S> s¡ dpN®dp„ âh¡i R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 24:- ""`fcph lp¡hp R>sp„ (A\p®s¹ rhcphê$` Ap¥v$preL$cph lp¡hp R>sp„, s¡ Ap¥v$preL$
cph_¡ iyÙÖìepr\®L$_e¡ L$fu `fcph S>Zph¡g R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ L$dp£ A\p®s¹ `f_u A ¡npA¡ = r_rdÑ¡
lp¡e R>¡), klS>NyZdrZ_u MpZê$ A_¡ |Z®op_hpmp iyÙpÐdp_¡ (`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$ iyÙpÐdp_¡)
A¡L$_¡ S>¡ (c¡v$op_¡ L$fu) suÿZby[Ý^hpmp¡ iyÙÖ[óV$ (A\p®s¹ iyÙÖìepr\®L$Qny\u) y{j cS>¡ R>¡
(A\p®s¹ s¡ iyÙ cphdp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$f¡ R>¡), s¡ y{$j `fd îuê$`u L$prd_u_p¡ (dyr¼sky„v$fu_p¡) hëgc b_¡
R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ Æh iyÙpÐdpdp„ A¡L$Ðh L$fu_¡ kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs \sp„ dp¡ndpN®dp„ âh¡i `pdu_¡ Ahíe
dyr¼s_¡ `pd¡ R>¡.
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje88
ïgp¡L$ 25:- ""A¡ fus¡ `f NyZ`ep®ep¡ lp¡hp R>sp„ (A\p®s¹ ApÐdp Ap¥v$preL$ cphê$ ¡ `qfZdsp¡
lp¡hp R>sp„ A\p®s¹ ApÐdp AiyÙê$ ¡ `qfZd¡g lp¡hp R>sp„), DÑd y{$jp¡_p ùv$eL$dmdp„ (A\p®s¹
d_dp„) L$pfZ-ApÐdp rhfpS>¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` L$pfZ`fdpÐdp rhfpS>¡ R>¡-gndp„
fl¡ R>¡). `p¡sp\u DÐ`ß A¡hp s¡ `fb°ûdê$` kdekpf_¡ - L¡$ S>¡_¡ sy„ cÆ füp¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡dp„ sy„
"ly„ `Ï„' L$fu füp¡ R>¡) s¡_¡, l¡ cìekpv$|®g (cìep¡Ñd), sy„ iuO° cS> (dpÓ s¡dp„ S> D`ep¡N fpM),
sy„ s¡ R>¡.'' ApQpe® cNh„s L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ "sy„ s¡ R>¡' A\p®s¹ sy„ dpÓ s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' (A¡L$Ðh) L$f, L¡$ S>¡
kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡ A_¡ s¡_p¡ S> A_ych \sp„ kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ \C Åe R>¡, s¡\u L$l¡ R>¡ sy„ s¡
R>¡, Ap S> kçeÁv$i®__u fus R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 26:- ""ÆhÐh L$hrQs¹ kv¹$NyZp¡ krls rhgk¡ R>¡-v$¡Mpe R>¡, L$hrQs¹ AiyÙê$` NyZp¡
krls rhgk¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ L$p¡C Æh âNV$ NyZp¡ krls S>Zpe R>¡ A_¡ L$p¡C_p NyZp¡ AiyÙê$ ¡ `qfZd¡g
lp¡hp\u AiyÙ cpk¡ R>¡), L$hrQs¹ klS> `ep®ep¡ krls rhgk¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ L$p¡C L$pe®kdekpfê$`
`qfZd¡g lp¡e R>¡) A_¡ L$hrQs¹ AiyÙ `ep®ep¡ krls rhgk¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ L$p¡B Æhp¡ k„kpfdp„ AiyÙ
`ep®ep¡ krls `qfZd¡gp S>Zpe R>¡) Ap b^p\u krls lp¡hp R>sp„ `Z (A\p®s¹ L$p¡B âNV$cph iyÙê$ ¡
R>¡ A\hp L$p¡B âNV$cph AiyÙê$` lp¡hp R>sp„) `Z S>¡ Ap b^p\u frls R>¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ iyÙ, AiyÙ
cphp¡ê$` S>Zph¡g sdpd rhi¡jcphp¡\u frls R>¡ A\p®s¹ Ap¥v$reL$, D`irdL$, nep¡ irdL$ A_¡
npre¼cphp¡\u frls R>¡) A¡hp Ap ÆhÐh_¡ (A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` `qfZdsp iyÙpÐdpê$`
L$pfZ kdekpf_¡ - L$pfZ iyÙ `ep®e_¡) ly„ kL$m A\®_u rkrÙ dpV$¡ kv$p _dy„ Ry>„, cphy„ Ry>„.'' L$pfZ
L¡$ s¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u s¡ cphdp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp„ kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡\u
dp¡nepÓp_p¡ âpf„c \pe R>¡ A_¡ L$pm¡ L$fu dp¡n \sp„ S> kL$m A\®_u rkrÙ \pe R>¡, Aphp¡ cph Ap
Np\pdp„ ìe¼s L$f¡g R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 30:- ""kL$m dp¡lfpNÜ¡jhpmp¡ S>¡ L$p¡C y{$j `fdNy{$_p QfZL$dmeyNg_u k¡hp_p
âkpv$\u (A\p®s¹ `fdNy{$ `pk¡\u sÒh kdÆ_¡) - r_rh®¼ë` klS> kdekpf_¡ (A\p®s¹
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` L$pfZ kdekpf_¡) ÅZ¡ R>¡, s¡ y{$j `fdîuê$`u ky„v$fu_p¡ râeL$p„s \pe R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ Ap L$pm¡ Ap r_rh®L$ë` klS> kdekpf_¡ ÅZhphpmp_¡ `fdNy{$ L$üp„ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ Ap L$pm¡
kçeÁv$i®_ey¼s Æhp¡ bly S> S|>S> lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ s¡hp `fdNy{$_p L$üp A_ykpf r_rh®¼ë` klS>
kdekpf_¡ S>¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ A_ych¡ R>¡ s¡ kçeÁv$i®_ey¼s \C_¡ r_ed\u dy¼s \pe R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 34:- ""(Adpfp ApÐdõhcphdp„) rhcph Aks¹ lp¡hp\u (A\p®s¹ AÐepf¡ cg¡ Adpfp
ApÐdpdp„ Ap¥v$¡reL$cphê$` rhcph lp¡e `f„sy s¡ nrZL$ R>¡, s¡ ÓZ¡ L$pm¡ fl¡hphmp¡ _\u, s¡\u Aks¹
89
R>¡) s¡_u Ad_¡ tQsp _\u; Ad¡ sp¡ ùv$eL$dmdp„ [õ\s (A\p®s¹ d_dp„ S>¡ iyÙÖìepr\®L$_e_p
rhjeê$` klS> kdekpfê$` dp{„$ õhê$` R>¡ s¡dp„ [õ\s), kh® L$d®\u rhdy¼s, iyÙApÐdp_¡ A¡L$_¡
kss A_ychuA¡ R>uA¡, L$pfZ L¡$ AÞe L$p¡C âL$pf¡ dyr¼s _\u, _\u, _\u S>.'' A\p®s¹ AÞe L$p¡C cph
D`pv$¡e _\u AÞe L$p¡C cph cS>hp S>¡hp¡ _\u; A¡L$ dpÓ iyÙpÐdp_¡ cS>sp S>, A_ychsp S> A_¡
s¡dp„ S> [õ\fsp L$fsp„ S> dyr¼s klS> S> R>¡ AÞe L$p¡C fus¡ _\u, _\u, _\u S>(cpf Ap`hp ÓZ
hMs "_\u' L$üy„ R>¡).
Np\p 19 AÞhep\®:- ""Öìepr\®L$_e¡ Æhp¡ |h®L$r\s `ep®ep¡\u ìersqfL$s (frls) R>¡;
`ep®e_e¡ Æhp¡ s¡ `ep®e\u k„ey¼s R>¡, Ap fus¡ Æhp¡ b„_¡ _ep¡\u k„ey¼s R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ A¡L$ S> k„kpfu Æh_¡ Å¡hp_u = A_ychhp_u Ö[óV$c¡v$¡ c¡v$ R>¡, s¡ Æhdp„ L$p¡C cpN
iyÙ A\hp L$p¡C cpN AiyÙ A¡hy„ _\u. `f„sy A ¡npA¡ A\p®s¹ ÖìeÖ[óV$A¡ A\hp `ep®eÖ[óV$A¡ s¡ S>
Æh A_y¾$d¡ iyÙ A\hp AiyÙ cpk¡ R>¡; Ap\u Å¡ L$p„C L$fhp_y„ lp¡e sp¡- s¡ dpÓ Ö[óV$ bv$ghp_u R>¡,
AÞe L$p„C _rl.
ïgp¡L$ 36:- ""S>¡Ap¡ b¡ _ep¡_p k„b„ _¡ _rl Dëg„Osp \L$p (A\p®s¹ L$p¡C`Z hps A ¡npA¡
kdS>hphpmp„ A\p®s¹ A¡L$p„s¡ iyÙ A\hp A¡L$p„s¡ AiyÙ L$l¡hphpmp„-dp_hphpmp„ A¡ bß¡ rdÕepÐhu,
Äepf¡ A ¡npA¡ iyÙ A_¡ A ¡npA¡ AiyÙ dp_hphpmp„-L$l¡hphpmp„ _ep¡_p k„b„ _¡ _rl Dëg„ sp
Æhp¡ kdS>hp„) `fdrS>__p `pv$ „L$S>eyNgdp„ dÑ \e¡gp c°df kdp_ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ A¡hp Æhp¡
`fdrS>_ê$` A¡hp `p¡sp_p iyÙpÐdpdp„ -`fd`pqfZprdL$cphdp„-L$pfZkdekpfdp„-L$pfZiyÙ`ep®edp„
dÑ R>¡.) A¡hp S>¡ kÐ y{$jp¡ s¡Ap¡ iuO° kde-kpf_¡ (L$pe® kdekpf_¡) Ahíe `pd¡ R>¡. ©Õhu D`f
ds_p L$\_\u kS>S>_p¡_¡ iy„ ãm R>¡ (A\p®s¹ S>Ns_p S>¥_¡sf v$i®_p¡_p„ rdÕep L$\_p¡\u kÄS>_p¡_¡
ip¡ gpc R>¡?)''A\p®s¹ S>¡ L$p¡C v$i®_ Ap iyÙpÐdpê$` L$pfZkdekpf_¡ AÞe L$p¡C fus¡ A\p®s¹ A¡L$p„s¡
iyÙ kdS>¡ R>¡ A\hp A¡L$p„s¡ AiyÙ kdS>¡ R>¡ s¡ `Z S>¥_¡sf v$i®_ S> R>¡ A\p®s¹ rdÕepv$i®_ S> R>¡.
r_edkpf A_ykpf kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje90
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Ýep_ rhi¡
lh¡ Ap`Z¡ \p¡Xy„$L$ Ýep_ rhi¡ kdÆ_¡ `R>u ApNm h^uA¡. L$p¡C`Z hõsy -ìer¼s-
`qf[õ\su Apqv$ D`f d__y„ A¡L$pN°sp |h®L$ _y„ tQs_ Ýep_ L$l¡hpe R>¡. Ap`Z¡ AÐepf ky u Å¡ey„ L¡$
d__y„ kçeÁv$i®_dp„ M|bS> dlÐh R>¡, S>¡d L¡$ kdpr^s„Ó Np\p 35dp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""S>¡_y„ d_ê$`u
S>g fpN-Ü¡jpqv$ sf„Np¡\u Q„Qg \sy„ _\u, s¡ ApÐdp_p e\p\® õhê$`_¡ v$¡M¡ R>¡-A_ych¡ R>¡, s¡
ApÐdsÒh_¡ buÅ¡ dpZk- fpN-Ü¡jpqv$\u ApLy$rgs rQÑhpmp¡ (d_hpmp¡) dpZk v$¡Mu iL$sp¡ _\u.''
A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje s¡ `Z d_ \L$u S> tQs_ \pe R>¡ A_¡ Ars[ÞÖe õhp_yc|rs L$pm¡ `Z
s¡ cphd_ S> Ars[ÞÖeop_ê$` `qfZd¡ R>¡.
s¡\u L$fu_¡ d_ L$ep rhje D`f tQs_ L$f¡ R>¡ A\hp d_ L$ep rhjep¡dp„ A¡L$pN°sp L$f¡ R>¡ s¡_p
D`f S> b„ A_¡ dp¡n_p¡ Ap^pf R>¡. S>¡d L¡$ `fdpÐdâL$pi-dp¡npr^L$pf Np\p 140dp„ S>Zph¡g
R>¡ L¡$-""`p„Q C[ÞÖep¡_p õhpdu d__¡ sd¡ hidp„ L$fp¡, s¡ d__p hi \hp\u s¡ `p„Q C[ÞÖAp¡ hidp„
\C Åe R>¡. S>¡d L¡$ h©n_p d|m_p¡ _pi \sp„ `p„v$X$p r_òe\u k|L$pC Åe R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ d_ S> b„ _y„
L$pfZ R>¡ A_¡ d_ S> dyr¼s_y„ L$pfZ R>¡.
Ap hps L$p¡CA¡ A¡L$p„s¡ _ kdS>hu, Ap hps A ¡npA¡ L$l¡hpdp„ Aphu R>¡; L$pfZ L¡$ S>¡ d_
R>¡ s¡ S> kçeÁv$i®__y„ r_rdÑ L$pfZ R>¡ A_¡ b„ _y„ `Z r_rdÑ L$pfZ R>¡ A¡ A ¡npA¡ rhh¡L$ |h®L$ Ap
hps L$l¡hpdp„ Aphu R>¡. S>¡d L¡$ `fdpÐdâL$pi-dp¡npr^L$pf Np\p 157dp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""S>¡Ap¡A¡
d__¡ iuO° S> hidp„ L$fu_¡ `p¡sp_p ApÐdp_¡ `fdpÐdpdp„ _ d¡mìep¡ (A\p®s¹ õhpÐdp_yc|rs _ L$fu),
l¡ rióe! S>¡Ap¡_u Aphu ir¼s _\u, s¡ ep¡N\u iy„ L$fu iL¡$? (A\p®s¹ s¡hp Æhp¡ AÝepÐdep¡N\u
õhpÐdp_yc|rsê$` apev$p¡ gC iL$sp„ _\u)'' Ap fus¡ dp¡ndpN®dp„ d__y„ M|b S> dlÐh lp¡hp\u OZp„
N°„\p¡dp„ Ýep_ rhi¡ OÏ„ b y„ S>Zphhpdp„ Apìey„ R>¡, `f„sy AÓ¡ s¡_p¡ dpÓ \p¡X$p¡L$ Dëg¡M L$fu_¡ Ap`Z¡
ApNm h^uiy„.
Ýep_ iyc, Aiyc A_¡ iyÙê$` ÓZ âL$pf¡ lp¡e R>¡, s¡_p Qpf âL$pf R>¡ - Aps®Ýep_,
fp¡ÖÝep_, ^d®Ýep_ A_¡ iy¼gÝep_; Ap Qpf âL$pf_p„ `Z ¡V$p„ âL$pfp¡ R>¡. rdÕepÐhu Æhp¡_¡
Aps®Ýep_ A_¡ fp¡ÖÝep_ _pd_p b¡ Aiyc Ýep_ klS> S> lp¡e R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡hp„ S> Ýep__p„, s¡Ap¡_¡
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A_pqv$_p k„õL$pf R>¡; R>sp„ s¡ âeÐ_ |h®L$ d__¡ Aiycdp„ S>sy„ AV$L$phu iL¡$ R>¡. s¡ d__¡ Aiycdp„ S>sy„
AV$L$phhp_u Aphu fusp¡ R>¡, S>¡d L¡$- ApÐdgn¡ ip÷p¡_p¡ Aæepk, ApÐdõhê$`_y„ tQs_, R> Öìep¡ê$`
gp¡L$_y„ tQs_, _h sÒhp¡_y„ tQs_, cNhp__u Apop_y„ tQs_, L$d®-rh`pL$_y„ tQs_, L$d®_u rhrQÓsp_y„
tQs_, gp¡L$_p õhê$`_y„ tQs_ hN¡f¡ s¡ L$fu iL¡$ R>¡. Aphy„ rdÕepÐhu Æhp¡_y„ Ýep_ `Z iycê$` ^d®Ýep_
L$l¡hpe R>¡, _rl L¡$ iyÙê$` ^d®Ýep_; s¡\u s¡_¡ A |h® r_S>®fp_y„ L$pfZ dpÞey„ _\u L$pfZ L¡$ A |h® r_S>®fp
dpV$¡ s¡ Ýep_ kçeÁv$i®_ krls lp¡hy„ AphíeL$ R>¡ A\p®s¹ iyÙê$` ^d®Ýep_ lp¡hy„ AphíeL$ R>¡.
kçeÁÖ[óV$_¡ Ap D`fp„s iyÙpÐdp_y„ Ýep_ dy¿e lp¡e R>¡ L¡$ S>¡\u L$fu s¡ NyZî¡Zu r_S>®fp Üpfp
NyZõ\p_L$ Apfp¡lZ L$fsp„ L$fsp„ ApNm iy¼gÝep_ê$` Ar‚\u kh® Opsu L$dp£_p¡ _pi L$fu,
L¡$hgop_-L¡$hgv$i®_ âpàs L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ L$pm¡ L$fu rkÙÐh_¡ `pd¡ R>¡.
^d®Âep__p ¡V$p âL$pfp¡ê$` sdpd Âep__p âL$pfdp„ ApÐdp S> L¡$ÞÖdp„ R>¡ A\p®s¹ L$p¡C`Z
kçe¼¹Ýep_ s¡_¡ S> L$l¡hpe L¡$ S>¡dp„ ApÐdp„ S> L¡$ÞÖdp„ lp¡e A_¡ ApÐdâp[às S> s¡_y„ gn lp¡e. OZp„
A¡hy„ dp_¡ R>¡ L¡$ ApÐdop_ A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ Âep_ hNf \sy„ S> _\u sp¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ Ad¡ L$luA¡ R>uA¡
L¡$ Mf¡Mf kçeÁv$i®_ c¡v$op_ hNf \sy„ S> _\u, Âep_ hNf sp¡ \pe R>¡. s¡\u kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡_u
AphíeL$sp s¡ Âep_ _\u `f„sy ip÷p¡ \u kpfu fus¡ r_Z®e L$f¡g sÒh_y„ op_ A_¡ kçeÁv$i®__p„ rhje
_y„ op_ A_¡ s¡ op_ \ep„ bpv$ e\p\® c¡v$op_ \sp„ S> `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdpdp„ "ly„ `Ï„'
\sp„ ('kp¡l„' \sp„) S> õhpÐdp_yc|rs |h®L$ kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$¡ R>¡; s¡\u ApN°l Âep__p¡ _rl `f„sy e\p\®
sÒhr_Z®e_p¡ fpMhp¡ AphíeL$ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S> L$fhp ep¡Áe R>¡.
AÞedrs_p Ýep_, S>¡hp„ L¡$- L$p¡C A¡L$ tbv$y D`f A¡L$pN°sp L$fph¡, sp¡ L$p¡C ïhpkp¡ïhpk D`f
A¡L$pN°sp L$fph¡ A\hp sp¡ AÞe L$p¡C fus¡, `Z S>¡_p\u v$¡lpÝepk S> ÖY$ \sp¡ lp¡e A¡hp„ L$p¡C`Z Ýep_
Mf¡Mf sp¡ Aps®Ýep_ê$` S> R>¡. Aphp Ýep_\u d__¡ \p¡X$uL$ ip„rs dmsu lp¡hp\u gp¡L$p¡ R>¡sfpe Åe
R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ S> kpQy„ Ýep_ dp_hp„ gpN¡ R>¡. buSy>„, ïhpkp¡ïhpk Å¡hp\u A_¡ s¡_p¡ kpfp¡ Aæepk lp¡e,
s¡_¡ L$jpe_p¡ Dv$ch \pe s¡_u ÅZ \hp„ R>sp„, `p¡s¡ L$p¡Z R>¡ A¡_y„ õhpÐdp_yc|rs |h®L$_y„ op_ _rl
lp¡hp\u, Aphp b^p„ S> Ýep_p¡ Aps®Ýep_ê$` S> `qfZd¡ R>¡. s¡ Aps®Ýep__y„ am R>¡ rse¯QNrs, Äepf¡
¾$p¡ , dp_, dpep-L$`V$ê$` Ýep_ s¡ fp¡ÖÝep_ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_y„ am R>¡ _fL$Nrs; ^d®Ýep__p ¡V$p âL$pfp¡dp„
ApÐdp S> L¡$ÞÖdp„ lp¡hp\u S> s¡_¡ kçe¼¹Ýep_ L$l¡hpe R>¡.
d__¡ QL$pkhp dpV$¡ `p¡sp_¡ iy„ Nd¡ R>¡? s¡ QL$pkhy„, Ap R>¡ ApÐdâp[às_y„ b¡fp¡duV$f-
\dp£duV$f. Ap âï__p¡ DÑf tQshhp¡. Äep„ ky u DÑfdp„ L$p¡C`Z kp„kpqfL$ CÃR>p/ApL$p„np lp¡e Ðep„
ky u `p¡sp_u Nrs k„kpf sfa_u kdS>hu A_¡ Äepf¡ DÑf- A¡L$ dpÓ ApÐdâp[às, A¡hp¡ lp¡e sp¡
kdS>hy„ L¡$ Ap`_p k„kpf_p¡ qL$_pfp¡ bly _ÆL$ Aphu Ne¡g R>¡; dpV$¡ s¡ dpV$¡_p¡ y{$jp\® h^pfhp¡.
Ýep_ rhi¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje92
31
kp^L$_¡ kgpl
kp^L$ ApÐdpA¡ kp¥ â\d sp¡ `p¡sp_y„ gn v$yr_ep D`f\u lV$phu_¡ ""ly„ A_¡ L$dp£''ApV$gy„ S>ê$f
kdÆ g¡hp S>¡hy„ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ A_pqv$\u S>¡ dpfu fMX$`Ë$u Qpg¡ R>¡ s¡ L$dp£_¡ L$pfZ¡ S> R>¡. s¡ L$dp£ L$p„C
dpÓ yv¹$Ngê$` _\u, s¡ L$dp£ A¡V$g¡ dpfp S> |h£ L$f¡gp cphp¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_p„ r_rdÑ¡ s¡ yv¹$Ngp¡ L$d®ê$ ¡
`qfZd¡g R>¡. s¡\u kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ d_¡ Å¡ L$p¡CA¡ kp¥\u Ar^L$ v$y:Mu L$ep£ lp¡e sp¡ s¡ dpÓ _¡ dpÓ
"ly„' S> Ry>„, A\p®s¹ s¡ dpÓ dpfp S> |h£ L$f¡gp cphp¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_p r_rdÑ¡, yv¹$Ng L$d®ê$` \ep. A_¡ s¡
yv¹$Ngê$` L$dp£_p¡ Dv$e \sp„ S> ly„ s¡_p r_rdÑ¡ `qfZdu _¡ v$y:Mu \ep¡.
Å¡ ìehõ\p Aphu S> lp¡esp¡ ly„ A¡d L¡$d rhQpfu iLy„$ L¡$ L$p¡C AÞe ìer¼sA¡ d_¡ v$y:Mu L$ep£
A\hp dp{„$ Arls L$ey. L$pfZ Aphy„ rhQpfsp„ S> s¡ ìer¼s kp\¡_p kp„L$mê$` k„b„ dp„ A¡L$ _hu L$X$u
Dd¡fpe R>¡ A_¡ dpfp„ _hp L$dp£ b„ pe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_p Dv$e hMs¡ afu\u Aphu S> fus¡ _hp„ L$dp£ b„ php_u
k„cph_p Dcu S> fl¡i¡, Aphp„ A_yb„ _¡ S> A_„sp_yb„ u L$jpe L$l¡hpe R>¡.
buÅ„_p¡ v$p¡j Å¡hp\u Aps®Ýep_ A_¡ fp¥ÖÝep_ \pe R>¡, s¡ _ \pe s¡_p dpV$¡ kp^L$ Æh¡ v$y:M
L$pm¡ A¡hy„ rhQpfhy„ L¡$ - "Alp¡! d¢ Aphy„ v$yóL©$Ðe |h£ L$ey lsy„? sp¡ s¡ dpV$¡ dpfp rdÃR>prd v$y½$X$d! (Ap
R>¡ ârs¾$dZ) s¢ dpV$¡ ly„ `õsphp |h®L$ dpfu t_v$p L$~„ Ry>„ A_¡ lh¡ `R>u\u ly„ Aphp cph ¼epf¡e _rl
L$~„ A¡hu ârsop (`ÃQ¼MpZ) L$~„ Ry>„ (Ap R>¡ âÐep¿ep_) A_¡ S>¡ ìer¼s d_¡ dpfp„ Aphp cphp¡\u
(L$dp£\u) R>p¡X$phhpdp„ r_rdÑ \ep R>¡, s¡ dpfp `fd D`L$pfu R>¡ s¡\u s¡ ^Þehpv$_¡ `pÓ R>¡.' Aphy„
rhQpfsp„ s¡ ìer¼s âÐe¡ _rl fp¡j Aph¡ L¡$ _rl Acph Aph¡, Aphi¡ sp¡ dpÓ L©$sosp Aphi¡. A_¡
ly„ Aps®Ýep_ A_¡ fp¥ÖÝep_\u bQu_¡ iyccphê$` ^d®Âep_dp„ [õ\s fl¡hp\u A¡L$sp¡ s¡ ìer¼s kp\¡_u
kp„L$m s|V$u S>i¡ (h¡f R|>V$u S>i¡) A_¡ _hp„ v$y:Mv$peL$ L$dp£_p¡ b„ AV$L$u S>i¡. S>¡\u L$fu_¡ dydyny Æh¡
Aphy„ S> rhQpfhy„ A_¡ `p¡sp_¡ s\p kh£_¡ dpÓ iyÙpÐdp Å¡hpê$` (S>¡d |h£ A ¡npA¡ kdÅìep¡ R>¡
A¡hp¡, A¡L$p„s _rl) cphdp„ flu_¡ sÒh_p¡ r_Z®e A_¡ kçeÁv$i®_ S> L$fhp ep¡Áe R>¡.
AÓ¡ L$p¡C L$l¡ L¡$ Ap` sp¡ iyc_u hps L$fu füp R>p¡? s¡Ap¡_¡ Ad¡ L$lue¡ R>uA¡ L¡$ L$p¡C`Z Æh
r_f„sf L$p¡C _¡ L$p¡C (iyc A\hp Aiyc) Âep_/cph L$fu_¡ A_„sp_„s L$dp£\u b„OpC S> füp¡ R>¡ A_¡
93
Å¡ s¡ âeÐ_ |h®L$ ApÐdgn¡ iycdp„ _l] fl¡, sp¡ r_ed\u Aiycdp„ S> fl¡i¡ L¡$ S>¡_y„ am _fL$Nrs s\p
A_„s L$pm_u rse¯QNrs R>¡; Äepf¡ A¡L$ dpÓ ApÐdgn¡ S>¡ Æh iycdp„ âeÐ_ |h®L$ fl¡ R>¡, s¡_¡
d_yóeNrs, v$¡h, ip÷, Ny{$ s\p L¡$hmu â~r`s rS>_^d® hN¡f¡ dmhp_u k„cph_pAp¡ Dcu fl¡ R>¡ A_¡
s¡_p L$ëepZ_p v$fhpÅ Myëgp fl¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u S> A\p®s¹ s¡ S> A ¡npA¡ Ad¡ ApÐdgn¡ iycdp„ fl¡hp
L$lue¡ R>uA¡. `f„sy s¡dp„ A¡L$ dpÓ gn ApÐdâp[às S> lp¡hy„ Å¡CA¡, AÞe\p iyccph `Z
Aiyccph_u S>¡d S> Æh_¡ bp„O¡ R>¡ A_¡ A_„s k„kpfdp„ fMX$ph¡ R>¡, A_„s v$y:Mp¡_y„ L$pfZ b_¡ R>¡.
L$p¡C A¡d dp_¡ L¡$ dydyny Æh_¡ ep¡Áesp A¡_p L$pm¡ \C S>i¡, s¡_p dpV$¡ âeÐ__u S>~f _\u; sp¡
s¡Ap¡_¡ Ad¡ âï_ L$fuA¡ R>uA¡ L¡$ Ap` Æh_dp„ ¥kp¡, ârs›$p, `qfhpf hN¡f¡ dpV$¡ âeÐ_ L$fp¡ R>p¡? L¡$ `R>u
Ap` L$lp¡ R>p¡ L¡$ s¡ A¡_p L$pm¡ Aphu S>i¡, bp¡gp¡ Aphu S>i¡? sp¡ DÑf A ¡rns S> dm¡ R>¡ L¡$ Adp¡ s¡_p dpV$¡
âeÐ_ L$fuA¡ R>uA¡. sp¡ Ad¡ âï_ L$fuA¡ R>uA¡ L¡$ S>¡ hõsy A\hp k„ep¡Np¡ L$dp£ A_ykpf Ap` d¡m¡ Aphu_¡
dmhp_p R>¡ s¡_p dpV$¡ Ap` M|bS> âeÐ_ L$fp¡ R>p¡ `f„sy S>¡ ApÐdp_p Of_p¡ R>¡ A¡hp¡ y{$jp\® A\p®s¹
âeÐ_ |h®L$ ApÐdp_p DÙpf dpV$¡ D`f S>Zph¡g s\p AÞe ApQfZp¡ Æh_dp„ L$fhpdp„ D ¡np k¡hp¡ R>p¡.
sp¡ Ap` S>¥_ rkÙp„s_u A ¡np _ kdS>sp„ s¡_¡ AÞe\p S> kdÄep R>p¡ A¡hy„ S> L$l¡hy„ `X$i¡ L$pfZ L¡$ S>¥_
rkÙp„s A_ykpf L$p¡C`Z L$pe® \hp dpV$¡ `p„Q kdhpe_y„ lp¡hy„ AphíeL$ R>¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ ApÐdõhcphdp„
y{$jp\® A¡ D`pv$p_ L$pfZ lp¡C_¡ Å¡ Ap` s¡_u AhNZ_p L$fu dpÓ r_rdÑ_u fpl Å¡sp„ b¡ku fl¡ip¡
A\hp r_ers kpd¡ Å¡C b¡ku fl¡ip¡ sp¡ ApÐdâp[às \hu AÐe„s L$qW$_ R>¡. s¡\u L$fu_¡ dydyny Æh¡ `p¡sp_p¡
y{$jp\® Ar^L$dp„ Ar^L$ ApÐd^d® n¡Ó¡ âhsp®hhp¡ AphíeL$ R>¡ A_¡ \p¡X$p¡L$ (Aë`) S> L$pm Æh__u
S>~fuepsp¡_¡ AÆ®s L$fhpdp„ _p„Mhp¡ s¡ â\d AphíeL$sp R>¡.
S>¡d ApÐdp_yipk_ Np\p 78dp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""l¡ Æh! ApÐdL$ëepZ_¡ A\£ L„$CL$ eÐ_
L$f! L$f! L¡$d iW$ \C âdpv$u b_u fl¡ R>¡? Äepf¡ A¡ L$pm `p¡sp_u suh° Nrs\u Aphu `lp¢Qi¡, Ðepf¡
eÐ_ L$fhp R>sp„ `Z s¡ fp¡L$pi¡ _l] A¡d sy„ r_òe kdS>. ¼epf¡, ¼ep„\u A_¡ L¡$hu fus¡ A¡ L$pm AQp_L$
Aphu QX$i¡, s¡_u `Z L$p¡C_¡ Mbf _\u. A¡ v$yóV$ edfpS> Æh_¡ L$p„C `Z k|Q_p `lp¢QpX$ép rkhpe
A¡L$pA¡L$ lydgp¡ L$f¡ R>¡ s¡_p¡ L„$CL$ sp¡ ¿epg L$f. L$pm_u Aâls Afp¡L$ Nrs ApNm d„Ó-s„Ó A_¡
Ap¥j^pqv$ kh® kp^_ ìe\® R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ ApÐdL$ëepZ_¡ A\£ S> kh® y{$jp\® Apv$fhp¡.
ApNm ApÐdp_yipk_ Np\p 196dp„ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""Alp¡! S>Nsdp„ d|M® Æhp¡_¡ iy„
dyíL¡$g R>¡? s¡Ap¡ S>¡ A_\® L$f¡ s¡_y„ Apòe® _\u, `Z _ L$f¡ s¡ S> Mf¡Mf Apòe® R>¡. ifuf_¡ ârsqv$_
`p¡j¡ R>¡, kp\¡ kp\¡ rhjep¡_¡ `Z s¡Ap¡ k¡h¡ R>¡. s¡ dyM® Æhp¡_¡ L$p„C `Z rhh¡L$ _\u L¡$ rhj`p_ L$fu
AdfÐh CÃR>¡ R>¡! kyM hp„R>¡ R>¡! Arhh¡L$u Æhp¡_¡ L$p„C `Z rhh¡L$ L¡$ `p`_p¡ ce _\u. s¡d rhQpf `Z
_\u........''
kp^L$_¡ kgpl
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje94
Ad¡ Äepf¡ `p`-ÐepN rhi¡ S>ZphuA¡ R>uA¡, Ðepf¡ L$p¡C A¡d |R>¡ R>¡ L¡$ fprÓcp¡S>_ ÐepN
hN¡f¡ h°sp¡ A\hp ârsdpAp¡ sp¡ kçeÁv$i®_ bpv$ S> lp¡e R>¡ sp¡ Adp¡_¡ s¡ fprÓcp¡S>__p¡ ip¡ v$p¡j gpN¡?
sp¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ Adpfp¡ DÑf lp¡e R>¡ L¡$- fprÓcp¡S>__p¡ v$p¡j kçeÁÖ[óV$ L$fsp„ rdÕepÖ[óV$ _¡ Ar^L$ S> gpN¡
R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ rdÕepÖ[óV$ s¡_¡ fpQu-dpQu_¡ k¡hsp¡ (L$fsp¡) lp¡e R>¡ Äepf¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$ sp¡ AphíeL$ _ lp¡e,
Ar_hpe®sp _ lp¡e sp¡ Aphp„ v$p¡jp¡_y„ k¡h_ S> _\u L$fsp¡ A_¡ Å¡ L$p¡C L$pm¡ Aphp„ v$p¡jp¡_y„ k¡h_ L$f¡
R>¡ sp¡ `Z cu~ cph¡ A_¡ fp¡N_p Ap¥j^ sfuL¡$ L$f¡ R>¡, _rl L¡$ Ap_„v$\u A\hp õhÃR>„v$¡ L$pfZ L¡$
kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh_¡ sp¡ cp¡S>_ L$fhy„ `X¡$ R>¡ s¡ `Z dS>byfuê$` gpN¡ R>¡, fp¡Nê$` gpN¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_p\u
ÐhfpA¡ R|>V$L$pfp¡ S> CÃR>¡ R>¡.
Ap\u L$p¡C`Z âL$pf_p¡ R>m L$p¡CA¡ ^d®ip÷p¡dp„\u N°lZ _ L$fhp¡ L$pfZ L¡$ ^d®ip÷p¡dp„ v$f¡L$
hpsp¡ A ¡npA¡ lp¡e R>¡, s¡\u L$fu_¡ h°sp¡ A_¡ ârsdpAp¡ `p„Qdp NyZõ\p_L¡$ L$lu R>¡ s¡_p¡ A\® A¡hp¡
_ L$pY$hp¡ L¡$ AÞe L$p¡C r_ç_ c|rdL$phpmp„Ap¡ s¡_¡ Aæepk A\£ A\hp sp¡ `p`\u bQhp N°lZ _ L$fu
iL¡$. bëL¡$ kp¥A¡ Ahíe N°lZ L$fhp ep¡Áe S> R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ S>¡_¡ v$y:M râe _\u A¡hp Æhp¡ v$y:M_p
L$pfZê$` `p`p¡ L¡$hu fus¡ ApQfu iL¡$? A\p®s¹ _ S> ApQfu iL¡$.
dpÓ kdS>hp_u hps A¡V$gu S> R>¡ L¡$ kçeÁv$i®_ `l¡gp„_p„ AÏh°su A\hp sp¡ dlph°su A¡
`p¡sp_¡ A_y¾$d¡ `p„Qdp„ A\hp R>–$p-kpsdp„ NyZõ\p_L¡$ _ kdS>sp„ (dp_sp„) dpÓ ApÐdp\£ (A\p®s¹
ApÐdp_u âp[às A\£) Aæepkê$` N°lZ L$f¡g AÏh°su A\hp dlph°su kdS>hp„ (dp_hp„) A_¡
gp¡L$p¡_¡ `Z s¡d S> S>Zphhy„, L¡$ S>¡\u gp¡L$p¡_¡ R>¡sfhp_p¡ v$p¡j `Z _tl gpN¡.
s¡\u ip÷dp„\u L$p¡C`Z âL$pf_y„ R>m A\hp rh`fus A\p®s¹ R>¡sfpdZu hps N°lZ _ L$fhu
`f„sy s¡_¡ e\p\® A ¡npA¡ kdS>hy„ v$f¡L$ dydynyAp¡ dpV$¡ AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ v$f¡L$ ip÷dp„ õ`óV$
L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡g R>¡ L¡$ `X$hp_p¡ A\p®s¹ r_Qgp v$fÄS>¡ S>hp_p¡ sp¡ L$p¡C D`v$¡i Ap ¡ S> _l]_¡? D`v$¡i
sp¡ dpÓ D`f QY$hp dpV$¡ S> R>¡ A\p®s¹ L$p¡B `l¡gp„ NyZõ\p_L$hpmp¡ h°su lp¡e sp¡ s¡_¡ h°s R>p¡X$hp _\u
S>Zpìey„ `f„sy s¡_¡ A_yL|$m NyZõ\p_L$ âpàs L$fhp dpV$¡ âp¡Ðkprls L$f¡g R>¡; s¡_¡ AÞe\p N°lZ L$fu
h°s-`ÃQ¼MpZ R>p¡X$u v$¡hp _tl, s¡ sp¡ dlp A_\®_y„ L$pfZ R>¡. sp¡ A¡hp¡ sp¡ L$p¡C ApQpe® cNh„s D`v$¡i
Ap ¡ S> _tl_¡? A\p®s¹ L$p¡C S> _ Ap ¡ `f„sy Ap sp¡ dpÓ ApS>_p L$pm_p dp_hu_u h¾$sp S> R>¡ L¡$
s¡ s¡_¡ rh`fusê$ ¡ N°lZ L$f¡ R>¡, Ap S> fus¡ A_pqv$\u Ap`Z¡ ^d®_¡ rh`fusê$ ¡ N°lZ L$fsp„ Apìep
R>uA¡ A_¡ dpV$¡ S> A_pqv$\u fMX$uA¡ R>uA¡.
lh¡ sp¡ bk \pAp¡! bk \pAp¡! Aphu rh`fus âê$`Zp. S>¡d L¡$ y{$jp\®rkrÙ-D`pe Np\p
50dp„ `Z L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$- ""S>¡ Æh e\p\® r_òe õhê$`_¡ ÅÎep rh_p (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®__¡ `pçep
95
rh_p) s¡_¡ S> (A\p®s¹ s¡_¡ S> dpÓ iåv$ê$ ¡ N°lZ L$fu_¡) r_òe îÙp\u A„NuL$pf L$f¡ R>¡. s¡ d|M® bpü
q¾$epdp„ Apmky R>¡ A_¡ bpüq¾$epê$` ApQfZ_p¡ _pi L$f¡ R>¡.''
OZp„ kp^L$p¡_¡ âñ \pe R>¡ L¡$ Ad_¡ sÒh_p Aæepk R>sp„ ApÐdp_p¡ A_ych L¡$d \sp¡ _\u?
A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$d \sy„ _\u? s¡Ap¡_¡ Adpfp¡ DÑf R>¡ L¡$- S>¡d ep¡Áe L$pfZ Apàep hNf L$p¡C`Z
L$pe® \sy„ _\u s¡d h¥fpÁe Apìep hNf A\p®s¹ chfp¡N\u Ópk gpÁep hNf, kyM_u ApL$p„np R>p¡X$ép
hNf, L$p¡C`Z _e_p¡ `n A\hp kp„âv$preL$ dpÞesp_p¡ ApN°l R>p¡X$ép hNf A_¡ sÒh_¡ rh`fusê$ ¡
N°lZ L$fu_¡ õhpÐdp_yc|rs A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs \hy„ Ars rhL$V$ R>¡; s¡\u kh£ kp^L$p¡_¡ Adpfu
rh_„rs R>¡ L¡$ Ap` ep¡Áe L$pfZ Ap`p¡ A\p®s¹ h¥fpÁeê$` ep¡Áesp L¡$mhp¡ A_¡ `n-ApN°l R>p¡X$u_¡ sÒh_p¡
e\p\® r_Z®e L$fip¡ sp¡ kçeÁv$i®_ê$` L$pe® Ahíe \i¡ S> A¡hp¡ Adpfp¡ Arcâpe R>¡.
buSy>„, OZp„ kp^L$p¡_p¡ âñ lp¡e R>¡ L¡$ sd_¡ ApÐdp_p¡ A_ych \ep¡ Ðepf¡ iy„ \e¡g? A\p®s¹
ApÐdp_p A_ych L$pm¡ iy„ \pe? s¡Ap¡_¡ Adpfp¡ DÑf R>¡ L¡$- õhpÐdp_yc|rsL$pm¡ ifuf\u rcß A¡hp¡
rkÙk×i ApÐdp_p¡ A_ych \pe S>¡dp„ ifuf_p¡ L$p¡C`Z Ås_p¡ A_ych _ lp¡e S>¡d L¡$- OZp„ kp^L$p¡
Ad_¡ âñ L$fsp„ lp¡e R>¡ L¡$ Ad_¡ âL$pide ApÐdp_p¡ A_ych \ep¡ A\hp L$p¡C L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$- Ad¡ A¡L$v$d
lmhp„ awg S>¡hp„ \C Nep„ lp¡CA¡ s¡hp¡ A_ych \ep¡ A\hp L$p¡C L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$- Ad¡ fp¡dp„rQs \C Nep,
hN¡f¡. sp¡ Aphp kp^L$p¡_¡ Ad¡ S>ZphuA¡ R>uA¡ L¡$- Aphp c°dp¡\u R>¡sfphp S>¡hy„ _\u L$pfZ L¡$
õhpÐdp_yc|rsL$pm¡ ifuf_p¡ L$p¡C`Z Ås_p¡ A_ych lp¡sp¡ S> _\u dpÓ rkÙk×i ApÐdp_p¡ S>
A_ych lp¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ A„i¡ rkÙk×i Ap_„v$_p¡ A_ych lp¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ A„i¡ rkÙÐh_p¡ S> A_ych
lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ `R>u ApÐdp bpbs L$p¡C`Z âñ fl¡sp¡ S> _\u A¡V$gp¡ õ`óV$ A_ych lp¡e R>¡. A\p®s¹
õhpÐdp_yc|rs bpv$ ifuf\u c¡v$op_ hs®sy„ lp¡e R>¡, v$p. s.- õhpÐdp_yc|rs bpv$ Ap` v$ ®Z_u kpd¡
Äepf¡ `Z ÅAp¡ Ðepf¡ Ap` L$p¡B Óprls ìer¼s_¡ r_lpmsp lp¡ A¡hp¡ cph Aph¡ R>¡.
kçeÁv$i®__¡ `pçep bpv$, âhQ_kpf Np\p 202 A_ykpf, kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh_p¡ rhL$pk¾$d
Aphp¡ lp¡e R>¡- ""kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh `p¡sp_p õhê$`_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡-A_ych¡ R>¡, AÞe kdõs ìehlpfcphp¡\u
`p¡sp_¡ rcß ÅZ¡ R>¡. Äepf\u s¡_¡ õh-`f_p rhh¡L$ê$` c¡v$rhop_ âNV$ \ey„ lsy„ Ðepf\u S> s¡ kL$g
rhcphcphp¡_p¡ ÐepN L$fu Q|¼ep¡ R>¡ A_¡ Ðepf\u S> A¡Z¡ V$„L$p¡ÐL$uZ® r_S>cph A„NuL$pf L$ep£ R>¡. s¡\u
s¡_¡ _\u L$p„C ÐepNhp_y„ füy„ L¡$ _\u L$p„C N°lhp_y„-A„NuL$pf L$fhp_y„ füy„. õhcphÖ[óV$_u A ¡npA¡
Apd lp¡hp R>sp„, `ep®edp„ s¡ |h®bÙ L$dp£_p Dv$e_p r_rdÑ¡ A_¡L$ âL$pf_p rhcphcphp¡ê$ ¡ `qfZd¡
R>¡. A¡ rhcph`qfZrs _rl R|>V$su v$¡Mu_¡ s¡ ApLy$mìepLy$m `Z \sp¡ _\u s¡d S> kdõs rhcph`qfZrs_¡
kp^L$_¡ kgpl
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje96
V$pmhp_p¡ y{$jp\® L$ep® rh_p `Z fl¡sp¡ _\u. kL$g rhcph`qfZrs frls õhcphÖ[óV$_p Å¡fê$`
y{$jp\®\u NyZõ\p_p¡_u `qf`pV$u_p kpdpÞe ¾$d A_ykpf s¡_¡ `l¡gp Aiyc `qfZrs_u lpr_ \pe
R>¡ A_¡ `R>u ^ud¡ ^ud¡ iyc `qfZrs `Z R|>V$su Åe R>¡. Apd lp¡hp\u s¡ iyc fpN_p Dv$e_u
c|rdL$pdp„ N°l hpk_p¡ A_¡ Ly$Vy$„b_p¡ ÐepNu \C ìehlpffÐ_Óeê$` „QpQpfp¡_¡ A„NuL$pf L$f¡ R>¡. Å¡L¡$
op_cph\u s¡ kdõs iycpiyc q¾$epAp¡_p¡ ÐepNu R>¡ sp¡ Z `ep®edp„ iyc fpN _rl R|>V$sp¡ lp¡hp\u
s¡ |hp£¼s fus¡ „QpQpf_¡ N°lZ L$f¡ R>¡.''
S>¡ ^d®dp„ (A\p®s¹ S>¥_ rkÙp„sdp„) ""kh® Æhp¡ õhcph\u rkÙ kdp_ S> R>¡'' A¡d L$üy„ lp¡e
s¡\u kh® Æhp¡ _¡ `p¡sp_p kdp_ S> Å¡sp„, ¼ep„e h¡f-rhfp¡ _¡ AhL$pi S> ¼ep„\u lp¡e? A\p®s¹
rhïhd¥Óu_u cph_p S> lp¡e. A_¡ s¡hp„ ^d®dp„ ^d®_p S> _pd¡ h¡f-rhfp¡ A_¡ TOX$p \pe sp¡, s¡dp„
kdS>hy„ L¡$ Ahíe Ap`Z¡ ^d®_y„ lpv$® kdÄep S> _\u dpV$¡ ¼ep„e ^d® A\£ h¡f - rhfp¡ L¡$ TOX$p _
lp¡e L$pfZ L¡$ ^d® v$f¡L$_u kdS>Z A_ykpf v$f¡L$_¡ `qfZdhp_p¡ A_¡ s¡\u s¡dp„ dsc¡v$ Ahíe fl¡hp_p
S> `f„sy s¡ ds-c¡v$ _¡ ds-c¡v$\u ArOL$, L$p¡C fpN-Ü¡j_p L$pfZ ê$` h¡f-rhfp¡ A_¡ TOX$p_y„ ê$`
Ap`hy„ s¡, s¡ S> ^d® dpV$¡ d©ÐeyO„V$ kdp_ R>¡.
Ap\u Adp¡ sp¡ kh£ _¡ A¡L$ S> hps S>ZphuA¡ R>uA¡ L¡$ ^d®_¡ _pd¡ Aphp„ h¡f-rhfp¡ A_¡
TOX$pAp¡ lp¡esp¡ s¡_¡ Msd L$fu v$¡hp„ A_¡ kh£ S>_p¡A¡ `p¡sp_p d_dp„\u `Z L$pY$u _p„Mhp AÞe\p s¡
h¡f-rhfp¡ A_¡ TOX$pAp¡ Ap`_¡ dp¡n sp¡ v$|f, A_„s k„kpf_y„ S> L$pfZ b_i¡. s¡\u S>¡_¡ S>¡ h¡f-
rhfp¡ lp¡e s¡ ndphu v$¡hp¡ S> rlsphl R>¡ A_¡ c|gu S>hp¡S> rlsphl R>¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ S> rS>_^d®_y„ rls
kdpe¡gy„ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ Aphp¡ h¡f-rhfp¡ A_¡ TOX$p `Z ^d®_¡ rh`fusê$ ¡ N°lZ L$f¡g R>¡ s¡_y„ S> am
R>¡; AÞe\p S>¡Z¡ ^d® kçeL¹$ê$ ¡ N°lZ L$f¡g lp¡e s¡_p d_dp„ h¡f-rhfp¡ L¡$d DW$¡? A\p®s¹ dpÓ L$~Zp
S> S>Þd¡, _rl L¡$ h¡f-rhfp¡ A\hp TOX$p, Ap kdS>hp_u hps R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u kh£ S>_p¡A¡ ^d®
r_rdÑ_p h¡f-rhfp¡ A\hp TOX$p c|gu_¡ kÐe ^d®_p¡ a¡gphp¡ L$fhp S>¡hp¡ R>¡ A¡d Adp{„$ dp_hy„ R>¡.
97
32
r_edkpf A_ykpf Ýep_ A_¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
ApNm Ap`Z¡ r_edkpf_u Np\pAp¡ s\p ïgp¡L$p¡ Å¡Ciy„ L¡$ S>¡dp„ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje A_¡
kçeÁÖ[óV$_p„ Âep__p¡ rhje, W$fhp_p¡ rhje S>Zph¡g R>¡.
Np\p 38 AÞhep\®:- ""Æhpqv$ bpü sÒh l¡e R>¡; L$dp£ pr^S>r_s NyZ`ep®ep¡\u ìersqf¼s
ApÐdp ApÐdp_¡ D`pv$¡e R>¡.'' AÓ¡ S>¡ Æhpqv$ rhi¡jê$` (A\p®s¹ `ep®eê$`) sÒhp¡ l¡e L$üp„ R>¡ A\p®s¹
L$dp£_p r_rdÑ¡ \e¡g Æh_p rhi¡jcphp¡ (A\p®s¹ rhcph `ep®ep¡) _¡ l¡eê$` S>Zph¡g R>¡ s¡_p¡ A\®
A¡hp¡ R>¡ L¡$ s¡ cphp¡dp„ kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡ "ly„ `Ï„' _\u L$fhp_y„ s¡ A ¡npA¡ s¡ l¡eê$` R>¡. Äepf¡ s¡ `ep®ep¡
(A\p®s¹ |Z® Öìe)dp„ Ry>`pe¡g kpdpÞecph A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp kçeÁv$i®__p¡
rhje lp¡hp\u ApÐdp_¡ D`pv$¡e R>¡, s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fhp ep¡Áe R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ rÓL$pmu iyÙcph R>¡
A_¡ iyÙÖìepr\®L$_e_p Qny\u ApÐdp dpÓ s¡V$gp¡ S> R>¡ A_¡ s¡hp¡ S> (iyÙ S>) R>¡. s¡\u Ap iyÙpÐdp
rkhpe_p sdpd cphp¡ Æhdp„ S> \sp„ lp¡hp„ R>sp„, s¡ AÞe_p gn¡ \sp„ lp¡hp\u, s¡dp„ kçeÁv$i®__p
A\£ "ly„ `Ï„' (A¡L$Ðh) L$fhp S>¡hy„ _\u s¡\u s¡ A ¡npA¡ s¡Ap¡ Æh_p cph S> _\u s¡d |h£ S>Zph¡g
R>¡, s¡ S> cph ApNm Np\pdp„ v$ip®ìep¡ R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 60:- ""kss`Z¡ AM„X$ op__u (A\p®s¹ S>¡ op_ rhL$ë`hpmy„ R>¡ s¡ M„X$ M„X$ R>¡ s¡\u
s¡ op_pL$pfp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> AM„X$ op__u âp[às \pe R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S> `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp
L$l¡hpe R>¡) kv$cph_phpmp¡ ApÐdp (A\p®s¹ ""ly„ AM„X$ op_ Ry>„'' A¡hu kpQu cph_p S>¡_¡ r_f„sf hs£
R>¡ s¡ ApÐdp) k„kpf_p Op¡f rh¼ë`_¡ `pdsp¡ _\u, `f„sy r_rh®L$ë` kdpr^_¡ âpàs L$fsp¡ \L$p¡
`f`qfZsu\u v$|f, A_y d, A_O (v$p¡j frls, r_ó`p`, dmfrls) rQÞdpÓ_¡ (Q¥sÞedpÓ ApÐdp_¡)
`pd¡ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ s¡ Æh kçeÁv$i®_ `pd¡ R>¡; s¡ Æh ApÐdop_u \pe R>¡.
Np\p 43 AÞhep\®:- ""ApÐdp (`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp) r_v$¯X$, r_ܯv$, r_d®d,
r_:ifuf, r_fpg„b, r_fpN, r_v$p£j, r_d|®Y$ A_¡ r_c®e R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 64:- ""S>¡ ApÐdp cìesp hX¡$ â¡qfs lp¡e, s¡ ApÐdp ch\u rhdy¼s \hp (A\p®s¹
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje98
kçeÁÖ[óV$ \hp A_¡ dp¡ndpN®dp„ ApNm h^hp) A\£ r_f„sf Ap ApÐdp_¡ (A\p®s¹ D`f S>Zph¡g
iyÙpÐdp_¡) cÅ¡ L¡$ S>¡ (ApÐdp) A_y d op__¡ Apr^_ R>¡, S>¡ klS> NyZdrZ_u MpZ R>¡, S>¡
(kh®) sÒhp¡dp„ kpf R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ r_S> `qfZsu_p kyMkpNfdp„ d‚ \pe R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 66:- ""S>¡ A_pLy$m R>¡, AÃeys R>¡, S>Þd-d©Ðey-fp¡Npqv$ frls R>¡, klS> r_d®m
kyMpd©sde R>¡, s¡ kdekpf_¡ (A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp L¡$ S>¡_¡ L$pfZ kdekpf
A\hp L$pfZiyÙ `ep®e `Z L$l¡hpe R>¡ s¡_¡) ly„ kdfk (A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ S> A¡L$ fk \C _¡, s¡dp„ S>
A¡L$Ðh L$fu_¡) hX¡$ kv$p |Sy>„ Ry>„.'' A\p®s¹ ly„ kv$p kdekpfê$`-`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp_u S>
cph_p cphy„ Ry>„.
Np\p 44 AÞhep\®:- ""ApÐdp (iyÙ Öìepr\®L$_e_p¡ rhje A¡hp¡ iyÙpÐdp) r_N°\, _ufpN,
r_:iëe, kh®v$p¡jrhdy¼s, r_óL$pd, r_:¾$p¡ , r_dp®_ A_¡ r_d®v$ R>¡.'' ApNm ApQpe® cNh„s L$l¡ R>¡
L¡$ ÷u - y{$j Apqv$L$ `ep®ep¡, fk-N„ -hZ®-õ`i® A_¡ k„õ\p_ s¡d S> k„l__ hN¡f¡ ê$` yv¹$Ng_u
`ep®ep¡ sp¡ ApÐdp_u _\u S> `f„sy s¡hp S>¡ cph ApÐdpdp„ \pe R>¡ s¡dp„ `Z dp{„$ "ly„ `Ï„' _\u s¡_p\u
ìersqf¼s S>¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph ê$` iyÙpÐdp R>¡, s¡dp„ S> dpÓ dp{„$ "ly„ `Ï„' R>¡; s¡\u L$fu_¡ s¡hp¡
Æh L$p¡C`Z tgN\u (A\p®s¹ rhi¡jê$` `qfZd_\u-`ep®e\u) N°lZ \pe s¡hp¡ _\u, s¡hp¡ Æh dpÓ
Aìe¼sê$` R>¡ A_¡ s¡ |h£ S>Zpìep A_ykpf cphd__p¡ rhje \pe R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S> iyÙ Öìepr\®L$_e_p
rhjeê$` iyÙpÐdp_u A ¡npA¡ ""kh® Æhp¡ õhcph\u rkÙ kdp_ S> R>¡'' A¡d L$l¡hpe R>¡ A_¡ s¡hp¡
iyÙpÐdp S> D`pv$¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ A¡L$Ðh L$fhp ep¡Áe R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 73:- """iyÙr_òe_e\u dyr¼sdp„ s¡d S> k„kpfdp„ saphs _\u' Apd S> Mf¡Mf,
sÒh rhQpfsp„ iyÙ sÒh_p frkL$ y{$jp¡ L$l¡ R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ iyÙÖìepr\®L$_e\u Æh ÓZ¡ L$pm k„ |Z® iyÙ S> R>¡ _rl L¡$ Æh_p¡ L$p¡C cpN iyÙ A_¡
buÅ¡ cpN AiyÙ. _e `Ùrsdp„ |Z®Öìe (âdpZ_y„ Öìe S>) drg_ `ep®eê$` A\hp |Z®iyÙê$`
hN¡f¡, A ¡npA¡ L$l¡hpe R>¡ A_¡ s¡d S> kdÅe R>¡, AÞe\p A¡L$p„s¡ _rl; Å¡ s¡_¡ A¡L$p„s¡ drg_ A\hp
iyÙê$` dp_hpdp„ Aph¡sp¡ s¡ S>¥_v$i®_ bpü S> kdS>hp„. ApNm ApQpe® cNh„s kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs
L$fhp„ dpV$¡ L$C fus¡ A_¡ i¡_p\u c¡v$op_ L$fhy„ s¡ S>Zph¡ R>¡, S>¡d L¡$- _pfL$pqv$ `ep®ep¡, dpN®Zp õ\p_p¡,
NyZõ\p_p¡, Æhõ\p_p¡, bpm-h©Ù hN¡f¡ ifuf_u Ahõ\pAp¡, fpN-Ü¡jê$` L$jpep¡ ly„ _\u, ly„ s¡_p¡
L$sp®, L$pfresp _\u A\hp A_ydp¡v$L$ `Z _\u A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ dpfp¡ L$p¡C L$sp®cph _\u A_¡ s¡_¡ kpfp„
dp_sp¡ `Z _\u.
Np\p 82 AÞhep\®:- ""Aphp¡ c¡v$-Aæepk \sp„ Æh dÂeõ\ \pe R>¡ (A\p®s¹ op_u_¡
99
gå^dp„ iyÙpÐdp A_¡ D`ep¡Ndp„ hs®dp_ v$ip lp¡hp\u, op_u s¡ hs®dp_ AiyÙv$ipdp„\u dy¼s \hp_p„
D`pe sfuL¡$ QpqfÓ N°lZ hN¡f¡ L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_p\u s¡ kpnps¹ iyÙpÐdpê$` dyr¼s d¡mhu iL¡$ _rl L¡$ yÎe_p
gnê$` QpqfÓ A\p®s¹ Ap y{$jp\® iyÙpÐdp_p Apîe¡, L$dp£\u dyr¼s d¡mhhp dpV$¡ S> lp¡e R>¡, AÞe\p
_rl), s¡\u QpqfÓ \pe R>¡. s¡_¡ (QpqfÓ_¡) ÖY$ L$fhp r_rdÑ¡ ly„ ârs¾$dZpqv$ L$lui.''
Np\p 83 AÞhep\®:- ""hQ_fQ_p_¡ R>p¡X$u_¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ ârs¾$dZk|Ó ê$` hQ_ fQ_p R>¡
s¡ rhL$ë`ê$` lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ R>p¡X$u_¡ r_rh®L$ë` iyÙpÐdp_¡ cphhp¡, A_ychhp¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ S> [õ\f \hy„ s¡
S> ârs¾$dZpqv$_y„ gn R>¡ A_¡ Å¡ s¡ gn S> rkÙ \C S>sy„ lp¡e, sp¡ s¡ hQ_fQ_pê$` ârs¾$dZ_u
AphíeL$sp |fu \C Åe R>¡), fpNpqv$cphp¡_y„ r_hpfZ L$fu_¡ (A\p®s¹ Æh_p fpNpqv$ S>¡ cphp¡ R>¡ s¡_¡
Âep_dp„ _ g¡sp A\p®s¹ s¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fu_¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ fpNpqv$cphp¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' _rl L$fu_¡), S>¡ ApÐdp_¡
(`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp_¡) Ýeph¡ R>¡, s¡_¡ (`fdp\®) ârs¾$dZ lp¡e R>¡.''
Np\p 92 AÞhep\®:- ""DÑdp\® (DÑd `v$p\®) ApÐdp R>¡ (s¡ iyÙpÐdpdp„) s¡dp„ [õ\s
dyr_hfp¡ L$d®_¡ lZ¡ R>¡ s¡\u Âep_ S> (iyÙpÐdp_y„ Âep_ S>) Mf¡Mf DÑdp\® _y„ ârsL$dZ R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 122:- ""kdõs rhcph_¡ s\p ìehlpfdpN®_p fÐ_Óe_¡ R>p¡X$u_¡ (A\p®s¹ kdõs
rhcph_¡ Np¥Z L$fu A_¡ ìehlpf fÐ_Óe_p„ kh® rhL$ë`p¡ ip„s L$fu_¡) r_S>sÒh h¡v$u (r_S> ApÐd
sÒh_¡ ÅZ_pf - A_ych_pf) drsdp_ y{$j iyÙ ApÐdsÒhdp„ r_es (Å¡X$pe¡gy„) A¡hy„ S>¡ A¡L$
r_S>op_, buSy>„ îÙp_ A_¡ hmu buSy>„ QpqfÓ s¡_p¡ Apîe L$f¡ R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 123:- ""ApÐdÝep_ rkhpe_y„ buSy>„ b y„ Op¡f k„kpf_y„ d|m R>¡ (A\p®s¹ Ýep_ dpÓ
iyÙpÐdp_y„ S> î¡›$ R>¡) A_¡ Ýep_ Ýe¡epqv$L$ kys` (A\p®s¹ Ýep_, Ýe¡e hN¡f¡_p rhL$ë`hpmy„ iyc s`
`Z) L$ë`_pdpÓ fçe R>¡ (A\p®s¹ Mf¡Mf kp{„$ _\u, L$ë`_pdpÓ kp{„$ R>¡); A¡hy„ ÅZu_¡ ^udp_
(by[Ý^dp_ y{$j) klS> `fdp_„v$ê$`u `ue|j_p |fdp„ X|$bsp„ (gu_ \sp„) A¡hp klS> `fdpÐdp_p¡
(`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` L$pfZ `fdpÐdp_p¡) A¡L$_p¡ Apîe L$f¡ R>¡.''
Np\p 93 AÞhep\®:- ""(iyÙApÐdp_p) Âep_dp„ gu_ kp y kh® v$p¡jp¡_p¡ `qfÐepN L$f¡ R>¡;
s¡\u Ýep_ S> (A\p®s¹ s¡ iyÙpÐdp_y„ Ýep_ S>) Mf¡Mf kh® ArsQpf_y„ ârs¾$dZ R>¡.''
Np\p 95 AÞhep\®:- ""kdõs S>ë`_¡ (hQ_ rhõspf_¡ A\p®s¹ rhL$ë`p¡_¡) R>p¡X$u_¡ (A\p®s¹
Np¥Z L$fu_¡) A_¡ A_pNs iyc-Aiyc _y„ r_hpfZ L$fu_¡ (A\p®s¹ iycpiyc cphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fu_¡
A\p®s¹ iyc-Aiyc cphp¡_p rhL$ë`p¡_¡ R>p¡X$u_¡ A\p®s¹ kh® rhcphcphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fu_¡ A\p®s¹
kdekpf Np\p-6 A_ykpf_p¡ cph A\p®s¹ S>¡ âdÑ `Z _\u A_¡ AâdÑ `Z _\u A¡hp¡ A¡L$
opeL$cphê$`) S>¡ ApÐdp_¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙÖìepr\®L$_e _p rhjeê$` iyÙpÐdp_¡) Ýeph¡ R>¡ s¡_¡ (r_òe)
r_edkpf A_ykpf Ýep_ A_¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje100
âÐep¿ep_ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ kh® y{$jp\® dpÓ ApÐd[õ\fspê$` QpqfÓ dpV$¡ S> L¡$ S>¡ kpnps L¡$hmop__y„
L$pfZ R>¡.
Np\p 96 AÞhep\®:- ""L¡$hmop_ õhcphu, L¡$hmv$i®_õhcphu, kyMde A_¡ L¡$hmir¼s
õhcphu s¡ ly„ Ry>„; A¡d op_u tQsh¡ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ op_u `p¡sp_¡ L$pfZ kdekpfê$` iyÙpÐdp S> A_ych¡
R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 128:- ""kdõs dyr_S>_p¡_p ùv$eL$dm_p¡ (d__p¡) l„k A¡hp¡ S>¡ Ap ipïhs (rÓL$pmu
iyÙ) L¡$hmop__u dyrs®ê$ (op_dpÓ), kL$mrhdm Ö[óV$de (iyÙ Öìer\®L$_e_p¡ rhje-iyÙÖìeÖ[óV$_p¡
rhje A¡hp¡ iyÙpÐdp), ipïhs Ap_„v$ê$`, klS> `fd Q¥sÞe ir¼sde (`fd`pqfZprdL$ op_de)
`fdpÐdp S>eh„s R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ s¡_¡ S> cphhp S>¡hp¡ R>¡, s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fhp„ ep¡Áe R>¡.
Np\p 97 AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡ r_S> cph_¡ R>p¡X$sp¡ _\u (A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` klS>
`qfZd_, ÓZ¡ L$pm¡ A¡hy„ _¡ A¡hy„ S> \hp\u A\p®s¹ D`S>hp\u A_¡ s¡ S> s¡_p¡ r_S> cph lp¡hp\u,
S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$ s¡ r_S>cph_¡ R>p¡X$sp¡ _\u A_¡ buSy>„ op_u_¡ gå^ê$ ¡ s¡ S> cph fl¡sp¡ lp¡hp_u
A ¡npA¡ `Z L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$ r_S>cph _¡ R>p¡X$sp¡ _\u) L$p„C `Z `f cph_¡ N°lsp¡ _\u (A\p®s¹ L$p¡C`Z
`fcph dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' _ L$fsp¡ lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ N°lsp¡ _\u A¡d L$üy„ R>¡), kh®_¡ ÅZ¡-v$¡M¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡_¡
op_dpÓ cphdp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' lp¡hp\u kh®_¡ ÅZ¡-Å¡h¡ R>¡ `f„sy `fdp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp¡ _\u), s¡
""ly„ Ry>„'' (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp s¡ ""ly„ Ry>„.'') A¡d op_u tQsh¡ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ A_ych¡ R>¡ A_¡ Ýeph¡ R>¡
A\p®s¹ s¡ S> Ýep__p¡ A_¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 129:- ""ApÐdp ApÐdpdp„ r_S> Ap[ÐdL$ NyZp¡\u kd©Ù ApÐdp_¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp_¡)
-A¡L$ „Qdcph_¡ (A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` ApÐdp_¡) ÅZ¡ R>¡ A_¡ v$¡M¡ R>¡ (A_ych¡ R>¡); s¡
klS> A¡L$ „Qdcph_¡ (A\p®s¹ ApÐdp_p klS> `qfZd_ê$` „Qdcph - `fd`pqfZprdL$cph_¡)
A¡Z¡ R>p¡X$ép¡ _\u S> A_¡ AÞe A¡hp `fdcph_¡ (A\p®s¹ Ap¥v$¡reL$, D`id A_¡ nep¡ id cph_¡)
L¡$ S>¡ Mf¡Mf `p¥v¹$NrgL$ rhL$pf R>¡ s¡_¡ -A¡ N°lsp¡ _\u ("ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp¡ _\u) S>.''
ïgp¡L$ 133:- ""S>¡ dyr¼skpd°pÄe_y„ d|m R>¡ (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$
kçeÁv$i®_ A¡ dyr¼skpd°pÄe_y„ d|m R>¡) A¡hp Ap r_ê$`d, klS> `fdp_„v$hpmp rQÖz _¡ (Q¥sÞe_p
õhê$`_¡ = kpdpÞe op_dpÓ_¡) A¡L$_¡ X$püp y{$jp¡A¡ kçe¼ âL$pf¡ N°lhy„ ep¡Áe R>¡ (A\p®s¹ A¡L$
kpdpÞe op_dpÓ cph L¡$ S>¡ klS> `qfZd_ey¼s `fd`pqfZprdL$cph R>¡ s¡dp„ S> X$püp y{$jp¡A¡
"ly„ `Ï„' L$fhp„ ep¡Áe R>¡); s¡\u l¡ rdÓ! sy„ `Z dpfp D`v$¡i_p kpf_¡ (A\p®s¹ Ap S> kh® rS>_pNdp¡_p¡
kpf R>¡ A\p®s¹ kde_p¡ kpf R>¡ A\p®s¹ kdekpf_¡) kp„cmu_¡, syf„s S> DN° Z¡ Ap Q¥sÞe
QdÐL$pfdpÓ âÐe¡ sp~„ hgZ L$f''
101
A\p®s¹ sy„ `Z s¡_¡ S> gndp„ g¡ A_¡ s¡dp„S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$f L¡$ S>¡\u sy„ `Z ApÐdop_u sfuL¡$
`qfZdu S>Ci A\p®s¹ s_¡ `Z kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ \i¡; A\p®s¹ AÓ¡ kçeÁv$i®__u fus S>Zph¡g R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 135:- ""dpfp klS> kçeÁv$i®_dp„, iyÙ op_dp„, QpqfÓdp„, kyL©$s A_¡ v$yóL©$sê$`u
L$d®Ü„v$_p k„ÞepkL$pmdp„ (A\p®s¹ kdekpf Np\p-6 A_ykpf_p¡ cph A\p®s¹ S>¡ âdÑ `Z _\u A_¡
AâdÑ `Z _\u A¡hp¡ A¡L$ opeL$cphê$`) k„hfdp„ A_¡ iyÙ ep¡Ndp„ (iyÙp¡ ep¡Ndp„) s¡ `fdpÐdp„ S>
R>¡ (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_pqv$ b^pe_p¡ Apîe - Ahg„b_ iyÙpÐdp S> R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ rkÙkd S> cph R>¡);
dyr¼s_u âp[àsdpV$¡ S>Nsdp„ buÅ¡ L$p¡C`Z `v$p\® _\u, _\u.'' A\p®s¹ Ö[óV$_p rhje_u S> ÖY$sp
L$fph¡g R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 136:- ""S>¡ L$epf¡L$ r_d®m v$¡Mpe R>¡, ¼epf¡L$ r_d®m s¡d S> Ar_d®m v$¡Mpe R>¡, hmu
¼epf¡L$ Ar_d®m v$¡Mpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ iyÙ _e (ÖìeÖ[óV$) \u r_d®m S>Zpe R>¡, âdpZÖ[óV$\u r_d®m
s¡d S> Ar_d®m v$¡Mpe R>¡ A_¡ AiyÙ_e (`ep®eÖ[óV$) \u Ar_d®m v$¡Mpe R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u Aop_u _¡
dpV$¡ S>¡ Nl_ R>¡ (A¡V$g¡ S> OZp„ gp¡L$p¡ ApÐdp_¡ A¡L$p„s¡ iyÙ A\hp AiyÙ Opfu g¡ R>¡ A_¡ buÅ„ gp¡L$p¡
ApÐdp_p¡ A¡L$ cpN iyÙ A_¡ A¡L$ cpN AiyÙ A¡hu OpfZp L$fu g¡ R>¡), s¡ S> - L¡$ S>¡Z¡ r_S>op_ê$`u
v$u`L$ hX¡$ `p` rsrdf_¡ _óV$ L$ey R>¡ s¡ S> (A\p®s¹ S>¡Z¡ âopR>uZu A\p®s¹ suh°by[Ý^ hX¡$ kh®
rhcphcph_¡ Np¥Z L$fu_¡ S>¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp N°lZ L$ep£ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„'
L$ey R>¡ A_¡ s¡d L$fsp„ S> kçeÁv$i®_ê$` v$u` âNV$phu_¡ `p` rsrdf_¡ _óV$ L$ey R>¡, s¡ S> iyÙpÐdp)
kÐ y{$jp¡_p (op_u_p) ùv$eL$dmê$`u Ofdp„ (d_dp„) r_òe`Z¡ k„[õ\s R>¡ (kpfu fus¡ [õ\fsp
`pd¡gy„ R>¡).''
Np\p 102 AÞhep\®:- ""op_v$i®_gnZhpmp¡ ipïhs A¡L$ ApÐdp dpfp¡ R>¡; bpL$u_p b^p
k„ep¡NgnZhpmp cphp¡ dpfp\u bpü R>¡.''
Ap c¡v$op__u Np\p R>¡ s¡dp„ kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡_y„ c¡v$op_ L$C fus¡ L$fhy„ s¡ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$ S>¡
""Å¡hp - ÅZhphpmp¡ ApÐdp R>¡ s¡ ly„''A_¡ AÞe kh£ cphp¡ (o¡ep¡) s¡dp„ Np¥Z L$fhp_p lp¡hp\u S>
s¡ cphp¡ bpü L$üp„ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡_p\u S> c¡v$op_ L$fhp_y„ R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 148:- ""sÒhdp„ r_óZps by[Ý^hpmp Æh_p ùv$eL$dmê$` Aæe„sfdp„ (cphd_dp„)
S>¡ ky[õ\s (kpfu fus¡ [õ\fsp `pd¡gy„) R>¡, s¡ klS> sÒh (`fd`pqfZprdL$chê$` klS> `qfZprd
iyÙpÐdp) S>eh„s R>¡ (s¡ S> kh®õh R>¡). s¡ klS> s¡S>¡ dp¡lp„ L$pf_p¡ _pi L$ep£ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ v$i®_dp¡l_p¡
D`id, nep¡ id A\hp sp¡ ne L$f¡g R>¡) A_¡ s¡ (klS> s¡S>) (kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje) r_S> fk_p
a¡gph\u âL$pisp op__p âL$pidpÓ R>¡.''
r_edkpf A_ykpf Ýep_ A_¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje102
ïgp¡L$ 149:- ""hmu, S>¡ (klS> sÒh = iyÙpÐdp) AM„qX$s R>¡ (A\p®s¹ ApÐdpdp„ L$p¡C cpN
iyÙ A_¡ L$p¡C cpN AiyÙ A¡d _\u, |Z® ApÐdp-AM„X$ ApÐdp S> ÖìeÖ[óV$A¡ iyÙpÐdpê$` S>Zpe
R>¡), ipïhs R>¡ (A\p®s¹ ÓZ¡ L$pm A¡hp¡_¡ A¡hp¡ D`S>¡ R>¡ = `qfZd¡ R>¡), kL$m v$p¡j\u v$|f R>¡ (A\p®s¹
kL$m v$p¡j\u c¡v$op_ L$f¡g lp¡hp\u s¡ iyÙpÐdp kL$m - v$p¡j\u v$|f R>¡), DÐL©$óV$ R>¡ (A\p®s¹
rkÙk×icph R>¡), chkpNfdp„ X|$b¡gp Æhkd|l_¡ (A\p®s¹ kh® k„kpfuÆhp¡_¡) _p¥L$p kdp_ R>¡
(A\p®s¹ dyr¼s_y„ L$pfZ R>¡ A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡) A_¡ âbm k„L$V$p¡_p kd|lê$`u v$php_m_¡
(A\p®s¹ L$p¡C`Z âL$pf_p D`kN®ê$` k„L$V$p¡dp„ `p¡s¡ ip„s fl¡hp) dpV$¡ S>m kdp_ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp_y„
Ahg„b_ g¡sp„ S> k„L$V$p¡ Np¥Z \C Åe R>¡, `f \C Åe R>¡), s¡ klS> sÒh _¡ ly„ âdp¡v$\u kss _dy„
Ry>„.'' A\p®s¹ âdp¡v$\u kss cphy„ Ry>„, s¡_y„ S> Ýep_ L$~„ Ry>„.
Np\p - 107 AÞhep\®:- ""_p¡L$d® A_¡ L$d®\u frls (A\p®s¹ â\d, yv¹$Ng\u c¡v$op_ L$ey
L¡$ S>¡ ApÐdp\u âNV$ rcß R>¡) s\p rhcphNyZ`ep®ep¡\u ìersqf¼s (A\p®s¹ buSy>„, ApÐdp S>¡ L$dp£
_p r_rdÑ¡ rhcphcph ê$` A\p®s¹ Ap¥v$¡reL$ cph ê$` `qfZd¡ R>¡ s¡_p\u c¡v$op_ L$ey A\p®s¹ s¡ cphp¡
\pe R>¡ sp¡ ApÐdpdp„ S>-dpfpdp„ S> `f„sy s¡ cph dp{„$ õhê$` _ lp¡hp\u s¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' _rl L$fsp„
A\p®s¹ s¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> s¡_p\u frls iyÙpÐdp âpàs \pe R>¡, s¡hp) ApÐdp_¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙ
ApÐdp_¡) S>¡ Ýeph¡ R>¡, s¡ îdZ_¡ (`fd) Apgp¡Q_p R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ - 152:- ""Op¡f k„kpf_p d|m A¡hp„ kyL©$s A_¡ v$yóL©$s _¡ kv$p Apgp¡Qu Apgp¡Qu_¡
(A\p®s¹ A\p®s¹ kdekpf Np\p-6 A_ykpf_p¡ cph A\p®s¹ S>¡ âdÑ `Z _\u A_¡ AâdÑ `Z _\u
A¡hp¡ A¡L$ opeL$cphê$` A_¡ buSy>„, AÓ¡ yÎe A_¡ `p`, b„_¡_¡ Op¡f k„kpf_p d|m L$üp„, s¡_p rhi¡
Ad¡ |h£ S>Zpìep A_ykpf kdS>hy„ A\p®s¹ bß¡ ApÐdp_¡ b„ _ê$` lp¡C_¡ k„kpf\u dyr¼s dpV$¡
CÃR>_ue _\u R>sp„ L$p¡CA¡ A¡hy„ _ kdS>hy„ L¡$ `p` _¡ yÎe, A¡ b„_¡ l¡e lp¡hp\u Ap`Z_¡ `p` L$fhp_p¡
`fhp_p¡ dm¡g R>¡. s¡hy„ kdS>i¡ s¡ r_ed\u A_„sk„kpfu S> R>¡ `f„sy `p`_p¡ rhQpf `Z _rl L$fsp„,
dpÓ ApÐdgn¡ kyL©$s L$fhp S>¡hy„ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ iyccph `Z iyÙcph\u rh~Ùcph lp¡hp\u, iyÙcphdp„
"ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp„ A\hp dpÓ iyÙcph_p„ gn¡ cg¡ Ap` r_ed\u iycdp„ S> flp¡ `Z s¡_p D`f
Apv$fcph¡ _rl. Apv$fcph dpÓ iyÙcph D`f S> A_¡ fl¡hy„ `Z R>¡ iyÙcphdp„ S> `f„sy Å¡ Ap`
iyÙcph\u õMrgs \ph A\hp iyÙcph_u âp[às _ \C lp¡esp¡ iyÙcph_p„ gn¡ fl¡hy„ r_ed\u
iycdp„ S>. Aiyccph_p¡ sp¡ `X$R>pep¡ `Z g¡hp ep¡Áe _\u, s¡\u AÓ¡ L$p¡CA¡ R>m N°lZ L$fu iyccph
R>p¡X$u_¡ Aiyc_y„ ApQfZ _ L$fhy„. ÓuSy>„, AÓ¡ Ö[óV$_p rhjeê$` iyÙpÐdp CóV$ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡dp„ kyL©$s A_¡
v$yóL©$sê$` rhcphcph_¡ kv$p Apgp¡Qu Apgp¡Qu_¡ A\p®s¹ AÐe„s Np¥Z L$fu_¡) ly„ r_ê$`pr^L$ (õhpcprhL$)
NyZhpmp iyÙpÐdp_¡ ApÐdp\u S> Ahg„by„ Ry>„. (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdpdp„ S> fl¡hp_p¡ âeÐ_ L$~„ Ry>„) `R>u
103
(A\p®s¹ s¡_p\u S>) ÖìeL$d®õhê$` kdõs âL©$rs_¡ AÐe„s _pi `dpX$u_¡ (A\p®s¹ OpsuL$d®_p¡ _pi L$fu
L¡$hmop_-L¡$hmv$i®_ê$`) klS> rhgksu op_ gÿdu_¡ ly„ `pdui.'' A\p®s¹ kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh_¡ `Z
Ýep__p rhjeê$` iyÙpÐdp S> R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ - 155:- ""S>¡Z¡ op_Äep¡rs hX¡$ (A\p®s¹ op_dpÓcph_p Ahg„b_¡) `p`rsrdf_p
y„S>_p¡ _pi L$ep£ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡_y„ "ly„ `Ï„' op_dpÓcph = `fd`pqfZprdL$cphdp„ S> lp¡hp\u kh®
`p`p¡_p Dv$eê$` Ap¥v$¡reL$ cph_¡ AÐe„s Np¥Z L$ep® R>¡) A_¡ S>¡ yfpZ (k_ps_ A\p®s¹ rÓL$pmu iyÙ)
R>¡ A¡hp¡ ApÐdp `fd k„eduAp¡_p rQÑL$dmdp„ (cphd_dp„) õ`óV$ R>¡. s¡ ApÐdp k„kpfu Æhp¡_p
hQ_-d_p¡dpN®\u Ars¾$p„s R>¡ (hQ_ A_¡ d_\u õ`óV$ L$fu iL$hp A\hp ìe¼s L$fu iL$hp ep¡Áe
_\u). Ap r_L$V$ `fd y{$jdp„ (A\p®s¹ Ap r_L$V$dp„ S> dp¡n `pdhp ep¡Áe y{$jdp„) rhrO ip¡ A_¡
r_j¡ ip¡?''
A\p®s¹ Aphp iyÙpÐdpdp„ d‚ fl¡hphpmp `fd y{$j, L$p¡C rhrO A_ykf¡ A\hp _ A_ykf¡
sp¡ s¡d_¡ s¡dp„ L$p¡C S> v$p¡j _\u s¡\u s¡d_p„ dpV$¡ L$p¡C rhrO- r_j¡ _\u A¡d S>Zph¡g R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 156:- ""S>¡ kL$m B[ÞÖep¡_p kd|l\u DÐ`Þ_ \sp„ L$p¡gplg\u rhdy¼s R>¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡
op_ kL$m B[ÞÖep¡\u \pe R>¡ s¡hp„ op_pL$pf ê$` rhi¡j, S>¡dp„ Np¥Z R>¡ s¡hy„ kpdpÞeop_ R>¡), S>¡ _e
A_¡ A_e_p kd|l\u v$|f (A\p®s¹ _eprss R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ _ep¡ rhL$ë`pÐdL$ lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ kçeÁv$i®__y„
rhjeê$` õhê$`, kh£ rhL$ë`p¡\u frls R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ _epsus) lp¡hp R>sp„ ep¡NuAp¡_¡ (A\p®s¹
ApÐdop_uAp¡_¡) Np¡Qf R>¡ (A\p®s¹ r_Ðe gå^ê$` A_¡ ¼epf¡L$ D`ep¡Nê$` R>¡), S>¡ kv$p rihde R>¡
(A\p®s¹ rkÙk×icph R>¡), DÐL©$óV$ R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ Aop_uAp¡_¡ `fd v$|f R>¡ (L$pfZ L¡$ s¡Ap¡ iyÙpÐdp_¡
A¡L$p„s¡ N°lZ L$fhp_p¡ âepk L$f¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡hp¡ s¡ R>¡ _l], s¡hu s¡_u L$ë`_p L$fu N°lZ L$fhp_p¡ âepk
L$f¡ R>¡ s¡\u s¡Ap¡ dpÓ c°ddp„ S> fl¡ R>¡ A_¡ kÐeõhê$` \u Å¡S>_p¡ v$|f fl¡ R>¡) A¡hy„ Ap A_O (iyÙ)
Q¥sÞede klS>sÒh AÐe„s S>eh„s (afu afu Ahg„b_ L$fhp ep¡Áe) R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 157:- ""r_S> kyMê$`u ky p_p kpNfdp„ (AÓ¡ A¡L$ Mygpkp¡ S>~fu R>¡ L¡$- L$p¡C hN® A¡hy„
dp_¡ R>¡ L¡$ ep¡N `ÙrsA¡ kyOpfk_y„ `p_ L$fhp\u ApÐdp_p¡ A_ych \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ \pe
R>¡. s¡Ap¡_¡ A¡L$ hps AÓ¡ kdS>hp„ S>¡hu R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ Ars[ÞÖe Ap_„v$ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ õhpÐdp_yc|rs\u Aph¡ R>¡
s¡_¡ S> ip÷p¡dp„ ky p_p¡ kpNf A\p®s¹ ky pfk L$lep¡ R>¡, `f„sy L$p¡C ipfuqfL$ q¾$ep A\hp sp¡ yv¹$Ngê$`u
fk rhi¡_u Al] hps _\u, L$pfZ L¡$ A_ychL$pm¡ L$p¡C v$¡lcph S> lp¡sp¡ _\u, `p¡s¡ dpÓ iyÙpÐdpê$`
S> lp¡e R>¡ sp¡ yv¹$Ngê$`u fk_u hps S> ¼ep„\u lp¡e? A\p®s¹ _ S> lp¡e) X|$bsp Ap iyÙpÐdp_¡ ÅZu_¡
cìe Æh `fd Ny{$ Üpfp (Ap op__p¡ âpe: Acph lp¡hp\u s¡_u v$yg®csp bsphhp `fdNy{$ iåv$
r_edkpf A_ykpf Ýep_ A_¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje104
hp`ep£ R>¡) ipïhs kyM_¡ `pd¡ R>¡; s¡\u, c¡v$_p Acph_u Ö[óV$A¡ (A\p®s¹ õhp_yc|rsdp„ L$p¡C S> c¡v$
_\u A\p®s¹ Ðep„ Öìe-`ep®eê$`u c¡v$ A\hp sp¡ `ep®e _p r_j¡ ê$` hN¡f¡ L$p¡C S> c¡v$ _\u, s¡dp„ sp¡
dpÓ ÖìeÖ[óV$ S> dlÐh_u R>¡ L¡$ S>¡dp„ `ep®e S>Zpsu S> _\u A\p®s¹ |Z® Öìe dpÓ iyÙpÐdpê$` S>
S>Zpe R>¡; A¡hu Ö[óV$A¡) S>¡ rkrÙ\u DÐ`Þ_ \sp„ kp¥¿e (A\p®s¹ Ars[ÞÖe Ap_„v$, _rl L¡$
yv¹$Ngê$`u ky pfk) hX¡$ iyÙ R>¡ A¡hp L$p¡C (Av¹$c|s) klS> sÒh_¡ (`fd-`pqfZprdL$cphê$`
iyÙpÐdp_¡) ly„ `Z kv$p Ars A |h® fus¡ AÐe„s cphy„ Ry>„.''
ïgp¡L$ 158:- ""kh® k„N\u r_dy®L$s, r_dp£lê$`, A_O A_¡ `fcph\u dy¼s A¡hp Ap
`fdpÐdsÒh_¡ (Aphu fus¡ c¡v$op_ |h®L$ N°lZ L$f¡g iyÙpÐdp_¡) ly„ r_hp®Zê$`u ÷u\u DÐ`Þ_ \sp
A_„N kyM_¡ (Ars[ÞÖekyM_¡) dpV$¡ r_Ðe k„cphy„ Ry>„ (kçe¼`Z¡ cphy„ Ry>„-A_ychy„ Ry>„) A_¡ âZdy„
Ry>„.
ïgp¡L$ 159:- ""r_S> cph\u rcß A¡hp kL$m rhcph_¡ R>p¡X$u_¡ (A\p®s¹ AÓ¡ c¡v$op__u fus
bsph¡g R>¡) A¡L$ r_d®m rQÞdpÓ_¡ (op_kpdpÞeê$` `fd`pqfZprdcph_¡) ly„ cphy„ Ry>„. k„kpfkpNf_¡
sfu S>hp dpV$¡, Ac¡v$ L$l¡gp (D`f S>¡ fus¡ Ac¡v$ kdÅìey„ R>¡ s¡ fus¡ Ac¡v$ L$l¡gp) dyr¼s_p dpN®_¡
`Z ly„ r_Ðe _dy„ Ry>„.''
ïgp¡L$ 160:- ""S>¡ L$d®_p v$|f`Zp_¡ gu ¡ (A\p®s¹ L$dp£ A_¡ s¡_p r_rdÑ¡ \hphpmp cphp¡ \u
c¡v$op_ L$fhp\u s¡ Np¥Z \B Ne¡g R>¡ A_¡ `p¡sp_¡ iyÙpÐdp âpàs \e¡g R>¡ s¡_¡ gu ¡) âNV$
klÅhõ\p |h®L$ (A\p®s¹ klS>`qfZd_ê$` `fd`pqfZprdL$ cph L¡$ S>¡ „Qdcph `Z L$l¡hpe R>¡
s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fu) fl¡gp¡ R>¡, S>¡ ApÐdr_›$p`fpeZ (ApÐd[õ\s) kdõs dyr_Ap¡_¡ dyr¼s_y„ d|m
R>¡ (A\p®s¹ Aphp iyÙpÐdpdp„ S> ""ly„ `Ï„''L$fhp S>¡hy„ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_y„ S> Ýep_ L$fhp S>¡hy„ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡_¡
S> k¡hhp\u dyr¼s dm¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ î¡Zu d„X$pe R>¡ A_¡ L¡$hmop_-L¡$hmv$i®_ âpàs L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ Apey
ne¡ dp¡n `pd¡ R>¡ s¡\u iyÙpÐdp_¡ dyr¼s_y„ d|m L$üy„ R>¡) S>¡ A¡L$pL$pf R>¡ (A\p®s¹ kv$p A¡hp¡_¡ A¡hp¡ S>
D`S>sp¡ lp¡hp\u rÓL$pmu iyÙ A\p®s¹ ÓZ¡ L$pm A¡L$ S>¡hp¡ S> R>¡ s¡\u s¡_¡ rÓL$pmu °yh `Z L$l¡hpe R>¡),
S>¡ r_S> fk_p a¡gphp\u cf |f lp¡hp_¡ gu ¡ (AÓ¡ r_S>fk L$üp¡ L¡$ S>¡ ApÐdp_p¡ Aê$`u Ars[ÞÖe
Ap_„v$ R>¡, _rl L¡$ L$p¡C ê$`u yv¹$Ng Öìeê$` ky pfk) `rhÓ R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ yfpZ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ k_ps_ R>¡-
ÓZ¡ L$pm¡ A¡hp¡ _¡ A¡hp¡ S> D`S>sp¡ \L$p¡ s¡ klS> `qfZd_ê$` `fd-`pqfZprdL$cph L$l¡hpe R>¡),
s¡ iyÙ-iyÙ (A\p®s¹ `fdiyÙ) A¡L$ „Qd cph kv$p S>eh„s R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 161:- ""A_pqv$ k„kpf\u kdõs S>_sp_¡ (-S>_kd|l_¡) suh° dp¡l_p Dv$e_¡ gu ¡
op_Äep¡rs kv$p dÑ R>¡, L$pd_¡ hi R>¡ (AÓ¡ ApQpe®cNh„s¡ S>_sp_u [õ\rs_y„ bep_ L$f¡g R>¡ L¡$-
105
Ap` kp¥ rhje - L$jpedp„ fs R>p¡ A_¡ D`v$¡i `Z Ap ¡g R>¡ L¡$ Ap` s¡ rhje -L$jpedp„ fs`Ï„-
hi`Ï„ R>¡v$u_¡-R>p¡X$u_¡ op_Äep¡rs_p¡ A_ych L$fp¡) A_¡ r_S> ApÐdL$pe®dp„ d|Y$ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ k„kpf_u
sdpd lp¢riepfu lp¡hp R>sp„ `p¡sp_p ApÐdp_u âp[às dpV$¡ ep¡Áe L$pm_u fpl Å¡sp¡ A\p®s¹ r_ershpv$u
b_u_¡ b¡ku fl¡ R>¡ A_¡ `p¡sp_p¡ |Z® y{$jp\® k„kpf dpV$¡ hp`f¡ R>¡ A_¡ r_S> ApÐdL$pe®dp„ d|Y$ R>¡
A\p®s¹ y{$jp\®lu_ R>¡). dp¡l_p Acph\u Ap op_Äep¡rs iyÙcph_¡ `pd¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$
cph_p A_ych_ A_¡ k¡h_\u î¡Zu dp„X$u_¡ dp¡l_p¡ Acph L$fu op_Äep¡rs A\p®s¹ kçeÁÖ[óV$
ApÐdp, L¡$hmop_-L¡$hmv$i®_ê$` iyÙcph_¡ âpàs L$f¡ R>¡) L¡$ S>¡ iyÙcph¡ qv$ipd„X$m_¡ ^hrgs (A\p®s¹
Dˆhm) L$ey R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡\u ÓZ L$pm-ÓZ gp¡L$ klS> S>Zpe R>¡) A_¡ klS> Ahõ\p_¡ âNV$ L$fu
R>¡ (A\p®s¹ kh® NyZp¡_u kpnps¹ iyÙ v$ip âNV$ L$f¡g R>¡).'' Ap S> fus R>¡ rkÙÐh_u âp[às_u.
ïgp¡L$ 167:- ""iyc A_¡ Aiyc\u frls iyÙ Q¥sÞe_u cph_p (A\p®s¹ rhcphcph frls
iyÙpÐdp A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph_u S> cph_p L¡$ S>¡ cph îu kdekpf Np\p R> dp„ L$üp„
A_ykpf- âdÑ `Z _\u A_¡ AâdÑ `Z _\u, dpÓ A¡L$ opeL$cph R>¡) dpfp A_pqv$ k„kpffp¡N_y„
DÑd Ap¥j^ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ S>¡ r_rh®L$ë` ApÐdpõhê$` R>¡ A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp R>¡ s¡ S> kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
R>¡ A_¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$_¡ ApNm_u kp^_pdp„ s¡ S> Ýep__p¡ `Z rhje R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 170:- ""S>¡Z¡ klS> s¡S>\u (A\p®s¹ klS> `qfZd_ê$` `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`
iyÙpÐdp_¡ cphhp\u) fpNê$`u A„ L$pf_p¡ _pi L$ep£ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ fpNê$`u rhcph cph_p¡ S>¡_p
cphhp\u _pi \e¡g R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡_p L$pfZ¡ husfpNsp Aphu R>¡), S>¡ dyr_hfp¡_p d_dp„ hk¡ R>¡
(A\p®s¹ dyr_hfp¡ s¡_y„ S> Ýep_ L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ S> k¡h¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ S> h^pf¡ _¡ h^pf¡ [õ\fsp
L$fhp_p¡ y{$jp\® L$f¡ R>¡), S>¡ iyÙ - iyÙ (S>¡ A_pqv$-A_„s iyÙ) R>¡, S>¡ rhjekyMdp„ fs Æhp¡_¡
kh®v$p v$yg®c R>¡ (A\p®s¹ dydynyÆh¡ sdpd rhje - L$jpe âÐe¡_p¡ Apv$f R>p¡X$u v$¡hp¡ S>~fu R>¡ A\p®s¹
AÐe„s AphíeL$sp rkhpe s¡_y„ S>fp `Z k¡h_ _ L$fhp\u s¡_p âÐe¡_p¡ Apv$f Åe R>¡; s¡_u `funp
A\£ ""d_¡ iy„ Nd¡ R>¡?'' A¡hp¡ âï_ `p¡sp_¡ yR>u_¡ s¡_p¡ DÑf s`pkhp¡ A_¡ Å¡ DÑfdp„ k„kpf A\hp
k„kpf_p kyMp¡ âÐe¡_p¡ ApL$j®Z/Apv$f cph lp¡e, sp¡ kdS>hy„ L¡$ d_¡ lSy> rhje- L$jpe _p¡ Apv$f
R>¡, k„kpf_p¡ Apv$f R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ R>p¡X$hp S>¡hp¡ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ A_„s `fphs®_ L$fphhp knd R>¡), S>¡ `fd
kyM_p¡ kdyÖ R>¡, S>¡ iyÙ op_ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡ op_kpdpÞe dpÓ R>¡) A_¡ S>¡Z¡ r_Öp_p¡ _pi L$ep£ R>¡
(A\p®s¹ Ap iyÙpÐdp_¡ cphsp„ S>¡Ap¡A¡ L¡$hmop_ - L¡$hmv$i®_ âpàs L$ey R>¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ Ap cph_p_p bm¡
S> t_Öp_p¡ _pi \ep¡ R>¡) s¡ Ap (iyÙpÐdp) S>eh„s R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡ iyÙpÐdp S> kh®õh R>¡).''
ïgp¡L$ 190:- ""S>¡Z¡ r_Ðe Äep¡rs (A_pqv$-A_„s iyÙcphê$` `fd`pqfZprdL$cph) hX¡$
rsrdf y„S>_p¡ _pi L$ep£ R>¡, S>¡ Apqv$-A„s frls R>¡ (A\p®s¹ ÓZ¡ L$pm¡ iyÙ S> R>¡), S>¡ `fd L$mp krls
r_edkpf A_ykpf Ýep_ A_¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje106
R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ Ap_„v$d|rs® R>¡ - A¡hp A¡L$ iyÙpÐdp_¡ S>¡ Æh iyÙpÐdpdp„ ArhQm d_hpmp¡ \B_¡ r_f„sf
Ýeph¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡_y„ S> Ýep_ L$f¡ R>¡), s¡ Ap ApQpffpri (QpqfÓhp_) Æh iuO° ÆhÞdyL$s \pe
R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 193:- ""Ap Ýep_ R>¡, Ap Ýe¡e R>¡, Ap Ýepsp R>¡, A_¡ ¡gy„ am R>¡ - Aphu
rhL$ë`Åmp¡\u S>¡ dy¼s R>¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ r_rh®L$ë` iyÙpÐdp R>¡) s¡_¡ ly„ _dy„ Ry>„ (õshy„ Ry>„, kçe¼ âL$pf¡
cphy„ Ry>„).''
A\p®s¹ s¡_y„ S> ly„ Ýep_ ^~„ Ry>„ A_¡ s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$~„ Ry>„ L¡$ S>¡\u ly„ r_rh®L$ë` \pD Ry>„
A\p®s¹ A_ychy„ Ry>„; A\p®s¹ L$p¡C`Z rhL$ë`ê$` Ýep_ L$fsp„ Ap iyÙpÐdp _y„ r_rh®L$ë` Ýep_ DÑd R>¡,
ApQfZue R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ kçeÁv$i®_ `R>u S> lp¡e R>¡.
Np\p 123 AÞhep\®:- ""k„ed, r_ed _¡ s` \u s\p ^d®Ýep_ _¡ iy¼gÝep_\u S>¡ ApÐdp_¡
Ýeph¡ R>¡ s¡_¡ `fd kdpr^ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ kçeÁÖ[óV$ _u ApNm_u c|rdL$pdp„ S>¡ L$fhpep¡Áe R>¡ A\p®s¹
S>¡ klS> \pe R>¡ s¡_y„ hZ®_ L$f¡g R>¡ A_¡ AÞep¡A¡ s¡ Aæepk ê$ ¡ `Z L$fhp ep¡Áe R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 202:- ""Mf¡Mf kdspfrls (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_frls L$pfZ L¡$ kçeÁÖ[óV$_¡ S> kpQu
kdsp S>Zph¡g R>¡) ers_¡ A_k_pqv$ s`ïQfZp¡\u am _\u (A\p®s¹ dyr¼sê$` am _\u `f„sy
k„kpfê$` am R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ l¡e R>¡ s¡\u L$üy„ L¡$ am _\u); dpV$¡, l¡ dyr_! kdsp_y„ Ly$gd„qv$f A¡hy„ S>¡ A_pLy$m
r_S> sÒh (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp) s¡_¡ cS>.''
A\p®s¹ kh®â\d iyÙpÐdp_y„ S> tQs_, r_Z®e, gn A_¡ ep¡Áesp L$fu kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$fhp
ep¡Áe R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ `R>u\u S> kh£ s`ïQfZ_y„ A |h® am A\p®s¹ dyr¼sê$` am dm¡ R>¡, AÞe\p _rl.
ïgp¡L$ 207:- ""ly„ - kyM_¡ BÃR>_pfp¡ ApÐdp- AS>Þd A_¡ Arh_piu A¡hp r_S> ApÐdp_¡
ApÐdp hX¡$ S> ApÐdpdp„ [õ\s flu_¡ hpf„hpf cphy„ Ry>„''S>¡ L$p¡C `fd kyM_p CÃRy>L$ R>¡ s¡d_¡ dpV$¡ A¡L$
dpÓ iyÙpÐdp_y„ S> gn A_¡ iyÙpÐdp_y„ S> Ýep_ î¡›$ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡_p\u S> dyr¼s dmi¡.
ïgp¡L$ 211:- ""Ap A_O (r_v$p£j = iyÙ) ApÐdsÒh S>eh„s R>¡- L¡$ S>¡Z¡ k„kpf_¡ Aõs
L$ep£ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ k„kpf_p Aõs dpV$¡ A\p®s¹ dyr¼s dpV$¡ Ap iyÙpÐdp S> ifZc|s-k¡hhpep¡Áe R>¡),
S>¡ dlpdyr_NZ_p Ar^_p\_p (NZ^fp¡_p) ùv$epfthv$dp„ (d_dp„) [õ\s R>¡, S>¡Z¡ ch_y„ L$pfZ sÆ
v$u y„ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ Ap cphdp„ [õ\f \C Åe s¡_¡ lh¡ `R>u L$p¡C ch fl¡ S> _l] L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ dy¼s
S> \C Åe), S>¡ A¡L$p„s¡ iyÙ âNV$ \ey„ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ kh®\p iyÙ`Z¡ õ`óV$ S>Zpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡
ÓZ¡L$pm¡ iyÙ S> lp¡e R>¡ `f„sy kçeÁv$i®_ \hp\u, s¡ A¡L$p„s¡ iyÙ A\p®s¹ ÓZ¡ L$pm¡ iyÙ S> R>¡, s¡ âNV$
\ep¡ A\p®s¹ A_ychdp„ Apìep¡ dpV$¡ â\d\u s¡ iyÙ S> lp¡hp„ R>sp„ s¡_p¡ A_ych _ lp¡hp\u, A_yc|rs_u
107
A ¡npA¡ s¡ âNV$ \ey„ L$l¡hpe) A_¡ S>¡ kv$p (V$„L$p¡ÐL$uZ® Q¥sÞekpdpÞeê$` - A\p®s¹ o¡ep¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„
S> S>¡ ÅZhp-Å¡hphpmp¡ i¡j fl¡ R>¡, s¡ ÓZ¡L$pm s¡hp¡ _¡ s¡hp¡ S> op_kpdpÞeê$` lp¡hp\u, V$„L$p¡ÐL$uZ®
L$l¡hpe R>¡; buÆ fus¡ o¡e rhi¡j R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S>¡_y„ b_¡g R>¡- A\p®s¹ op__y„, s¡_¡ kpdpÞeop_ A\p®s¹
Q¥sÞe kpdpÞe L$l¡hpe R>¡) r_S> drldpdp„ gu_ lp¡hp R>sp„ kçeÁÖ[óV$Ap¡_¡ Np¡Qf(A_yc|rsdp„ Aph¡)
R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 216:- ""Ap õhs:rkÙ op_ (A\p®s¹ D`f S>Zpìep A_ykpf_y„ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`
kpdpÞeop_) `p` yÎeê$`u h__¡ bpm_pfp¡ Ar‚ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ A |h® r_S>®fp_y„ L$pfZ R>¡) dlp
dp¡lp„ L$pf_piL$ (A\p®s¹ dp¡l_p¡ _pi L$fu_¡ Aqfl„s `v$ A`ph_pf R>¡) Arsâbm s¡S>de R>¡,
rhdyr¼s_y„ d|m R>¡ A_¡ r_ê$`pr^ dlpAp_„v$kyM_y„ (A\p®s¹ Ars[ÞÖe kpïhsp kyM_y„) v$peL$ R>¡.
chch_p¡ Ýh„i L$fhpdp„ r_ yZ (A\p®s¹ dyr¼s A`ph_pf) A¡hp Ap op__¡ ly„ r_Ðe |Sy>„ Ry>„.'' A\p®s¹
s¡_¡ r_Ðe cphy„ Ry>„ A_¡ s¡dp„ S> [õ\fsp_p¡ y{$jp\® L$~„ Ry>„.
ïgp¡L$ 220:- ""S>¡ chce_p lf_pfp Ap kçe¼¹Ðh_u, iyÙ op__u A_¡ QpqfÓ_u chR>¡v$L$
(A\p®s¹ Ap kçeÁv$i®_, iyÙop_ A\p®s¹ kçe¼op_ A_¡ s¡dp„ S> [õ\fsp L$fhpê$` QpqfÓ_¡
chce_p lf_pfp L$üp„ R>¡ A\p®s¹ dyr¼sv$psp L$üp„ R>¡) Asyg cr¼s r_f„sf L$f¡ R>¡, s¡ L$pd¾$p¡ pqv$
kdõs v$yóV$ `p`kd|l\u dy¼s rQÑhpmp¡ Æh - îphL$ lp¡ L¡$ k„edu lp¡- r_f„sf c¼s R>¡, c¼s R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ S>¥_ rkÙp„s A_ykpf Aphu Ac¡v$ cr¼s S> L$pe®L$pfu R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u s¡hu S> cr¼s CÃR>hu.
ïgp¡L$ 227:- ""Ap ArhQrgs - dlpiyÙ - fÐ_Óehpmp, dyr¼s_p l¡syc|s r_ê$`d -
klS>- op_v$i®_QpqfÓê$` (A\p®s¹ op_-v$i®_-QpqfÓ hN¡f¡ A_„s NyZp¡ _y„ klS> `qfZd_ê$`
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp), r_Ðe ApÐdpdp„ (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp L¡$ S>¡ r_Ðe iyÙê$` A¡hp¡ _¡ A¡hp¡
S> D`S>¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ `qfZd¡ R>¡ s¡hp r_Ðe ApÐdpdp„) ApÐdp_¡ Mf¡Mf kçe¼ âL$pf¡ õ\p`u_¡ (A\p®s¹
s¡_p¡ S> A_ych L$fu_¡ A_¡ s¡_y„ S> Ýep_ ^fu_¡) Ap ApÐdp Q¥sÞeQdÐL$pf_u (kpdpÞe Q¡s_pê$`
`fd`pqfZprdL$ cph_u) cr¼s hX¡$ r_frsie (AÅ¡X$) Of_¡- L¡$ S>¡dp„\u rh`v$pAp¡ v$|f \C R>¡ A_¡
S>¡ Ap_„v$\u cìe R>¡ s¡_¡-AÐe„s âpàs L$f¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ rkrÙê$`u ÷u_p¡ õhpdu \pe R>¡.'' A\p®s¹
iyÙpÐdp_p Ýep_ \u S> Aqfl„s \pe R>¡ A_¡ `R>u rkÙ \C dy¼s \pe R>¡.
Np\p 137:- V$uL$p_p¡ ïgp¡L$:- ""ApÐdpâeÐ_kp ¡n rhrióV$ S>¡ d_p¡Nrs (A\p®s¹ _p¡C[ÞÖê$`
d_ Üpfp S>¡, ApÐdp_¡ õhp_ych \pe R>¡ s¡), s¡_p¡ b°ûdp„ k„ep¡N \hp¡ (A\p®s¹ õhpÐdp_yc|rs \pe
R>¡ A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdpdp„ = b°ûdp„ "ly„ `Ï„' = kp¡l„ L$fsp„ S> kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs \pe R>¡) s¡_¡ ep¡N L$l¡hpdp„
Aph¡ R>¡.''
r_edkpf A_ykpf Ýep_ A_¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje108
S>¥_ rkÙp„s A_ykpf ep¡N_u Ap ìep¿ep R>¡ A_¡ Ap S> ep¡N ApÐdp dpV$¡ rlsL$f R>¡ Äepf¡
AÞe ep¡Np¡, dpÓ rhL$ë`ê$` Aps®Ýep__p„ L$pfZp¡ lp¡hp\u k¡hhp S>¡hp _\u; s¡\u S> ApNm ep¡N
cr¼shpmp Æh_u ìep¿ep L$f¡ R>¡, s¡ S> cr¼s_y„ `Z õhê$` R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 228:- ""S>¡ Ap ApÐdp ApÐdp_¡ ApÐdp kp\¡ r_f„sf Å¡X¡$ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ A¡L$ dpÓ
iyÙpÐdp_y„ S> Ýep_ L$f¡ R>¡, A_ych_ L$f¡ R>¡), s¡ dyr_ïhf r_òe\u ep¡Ncr¼shpmp¡ R>¡.''
Np\p 138 AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡ kp y kh® rhL$ë`p¡_p Acphdp„ (A\p®s¹ r_rh®L$ë`õhê$`
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphdp„) ApÐdp_¡ Å¡X¡$ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$f¡ R>¡), s¡ ep¡Ncr¼shpmp¡ R>¡;
buÅ_¡ ep¡N L$C fus¡ lp¡e?''A\p®s¹ Aphp õhpÐdp_yc|rsê$` ep¡N rkhpe_p buÅ _¡ ep¡N dpÞep¡ S>
_\u A\p®s¹ buÅ„ L$p¡C ep¡N L$pe®L$pfu _\u.
ïgp¡L$ 229:- ""c¡v$_p¡ Acph lp¡sp„ (A\p®s¹ Ac¡v$cph¡ iyÙpÐdp_¡ cphsp A\p®s¹ A_ychsp)
A_yÑd (î¡›$) ep¡N cr¼s lp¡e R>¡; s¡_p hX¡$ ep¡NuAp¡_¡ ApÐdpg[å^ê$` A¡hu s¡ (ârkÙ) dyr¼s \pe
R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ Aphp¡ ep¡N S> dyr¼s_y„ L$pfZ R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u Ac¡v$cph¡ iyÙpÐdp S> cphhp ep¡Áe R>¡ AÞe
L$p¡C _rl.
Np\p 139 AÞhep\®:- ""rh`fus Arcr_h¡i_p¡ `qfÐepN (A\p®s¹ dspN°l, lW$pN°l, hN¡f¡_p¡
ÐepN) L$fu_¡ S>¡ S>¥_L$r\s sÒhp¡dp„ ApÐdp_¡ Å¡X¡$ R>¡, s¡_p¡ r_S> cph (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp_yc|rs) s¡
ep¡N R>¡.''
Np\p 140 AÞhep\®:- ""h©jcpqv$ rS>_hf¡ÞÖp¡ A¡ fus¡ ep¡N_u DÑd cr¼s L$fu_¡ r_h©®rs
kyM_¡ `pçep; s¡\u ep¡N_u (Aphu) DÑd cr¼s_¡ sy„ ^pfZ L$f (_rl L¡$ h¡hgp„h¡X$pê$` cr¼s A\hp
ìer¼sfpNê$` cr¼s).''
ïgp¡L$ 233 - ""A y_c®hkyM_u (dyr¼skyM_u) rkrÙ A\£ ly„ iyÙ ep¡N_u (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdpdp„
"ly„ `Ï„' L$fhphpmp ep¡N_u) DÑd cr¼s L${„ Ry>„ (A\p®s¹ s¡_¡ S> afu afu cphy„ Ry>„), k„kpf_u Op¡f
curs\u kh® Æhp¡ r_Ðe s¡ DÑd cr¼s L$fp¡.'' A\p®s¹ kh£_¡ s¡ S> iyÙ ep¡N_u cr¼s_u S> â¡fZp
Ap ¡ R>¡, _rl L¡$ h¡hgp„h¡X$pê$` cr¼s_u A\hp ìer¼sfpNê$` cr¼s_u.
Np\p 141 AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡ AÞehi _\u (A\p®s¹ S>¡ |Z® c¡v$op_ L$fu_¡ dpÓ iyÙpÐdpdp„ S>
"ly„ `Ï„' L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u S>¡ L$p¡C L$dp£_p¡ Dv$e lp¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ Dv$e Aph¡ R>¡ s¡_¡ kdsp cph¡ cp¡Nh¡ R>¡
A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ kp~„-Mfpb A\p®s¹ BóV$-Ar_óV$ by[Ý^ _\u L$fsp¡, s¡\u s¡ AÞehi _\u) s¡_¡ (r_òe-
`fd) AphíeL$ L$d® L$l¡ R>¡. (A\p®s¹ s¡ Æh_¡ AphíeL$ L$d® R>¡ A¡d `fd ep¡Nuíhfp¡ L$l¡ R>¡) (Aphp¡) L$d®_p¡
rh_pi L$f_pfp¡ ep¡N (A\p®s¹ A¡hy„ S>¡ Ap AphíeL$ L$pe®) s¡ r_hp®Z_p¡ dpN® R>¡ A¡d L$ley„ R>¡.''
109
ïgp¡L$ 238:- ""õhhisp\u DÐ`Þ_ AphíeL$-L$d®õhê$` Ap kpnps¹ ^d® r_ed\u (Qp¡½$k)
k[ÃQv$p_„v$ d|rs® ApÐdpdp„ (ks-rQs-Ap_„v$ õhê$` ApÐdpdp„ A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`
ApÐdpdp„) Arsie`Z¡ lp¡e R>¡. s¡ Ap (ApÐd[õ\s-^d®), L$d®ne L$fhpdp„ Ly$im A¡hp¡ r_hp®Z_p¡
A¡L$ dpN® R>¡. s¡_p\u S> ly„ (A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fu_¡ ly„) iuO° L$p¡C (Av¹$cys) r_rh®L$ë` kyM_¡
âpàs L${„ Ry>„.'' A\p®s¹ õhpÐdp_yc|rsdp„ Av$¹cys-Ars[ÞÖe r_rh®L$ë` Ap_„v$ S> lp¡e R>¡ s¡_¡ ly„ âpàs
L${„ Ry>„.
ïgp¡L$ 239:- ""L$p¡C ep¡Nu õhrlsdp„ gu_ fl¡sp¡ \L$p¡ iyÙÆhp[õsL$pe (A\p®s¹ |Z® Æh L¡$ S>¡
âdpZ_p¡ rhje R>¡ s¡dp„\u rhcphcph A\p®s¹ `fgn¡/L$d®_p gn¡ \hphpmp cphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S>,
A\p®s¹ s¡ Æh_¡ ÖìeÖ[óV$\u r_lpmsp S> s¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙÆhp[õsL$pe âpàs \pe R>¡
s¡, `p¡sp_p) rkhpe_p AÞe `v$p\®_¡ hi \sp¡ _\u, Apd S>¡ ky[õ\s fl¡hy„ A¡ r_ê$[¼s (A\p®s¹
Ahi`Zp_p¡ ìeyÐ`rs A\®) R>¡ A¡d L$fhp\u (A\p®s¹ `p¡spdp„ gu_ flu `f_¡ hi _rl \hp\u)
v$yqfsê$`u (v$yóL$d®ê$`u) rsrdf y„S>_p¡ S>¡Z¡ _pi L$ep£ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡ L$p¡C`Z âL$pf_p `p`p¡ ApQfsp¡ _\u
A¡hp¡ A\p®s¹ cphdyr_) A¡hp s¡ ep¡Nu_¡ kv$p âL$pidp_ Äep¡rs hX¡$ (A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`
L$pfZ kdekpfê$` kv$p âL$pidp_ Äep¡rs hX¡$) klS> Ahõ\p (A\p®s¹ L$pe®kdekpfê$`u dyr¼s)
âNV$hp\u Ad|s® Ï„ (rkÙÐh_u âp[às) \pe R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 241:- ""L$rmL$pmdp„ (A\p®s¹ hs®dp_ ly„X$pAhkr ®Zu „Qd Apfpdp„) `Z L$ep„L$ L$p¡CL$
cpÁeipmu Æh rdÕepÐhpqv$ê$` dmL$pv$h\u frls (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ krls) A_¡ kÙ^d®fnpdrZ
A¡hp¡ kd\® dyr_ \pe R>¡. S>¡Z¡ A_¡L$ `qfN°lp¡_p¡ rhõspf_¡ R>p¡X$ep¡ R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ `p`ê$`u AV$hu_¡
bpm_pfp¡ Ar‚ R>¡ s¡ Ap dyr_ Ap L$pm¡ c|smdp„ ( ©Õhu D`f) s¡d S> v$¡hgp¡L$dp„ v$¡hp¡\u `Z kpfu
fus¡ |Åe R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ Aphp kd\® dyr_ L$p¡CL$ rhfgp S> lp¡e R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ AÐe„s Apv$f_¡ `pÓ R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 242:- ""Ap gp¡L$dp„ s`òep® kdõs kyby[Ý^Ap¡_¡ âpZàepfu R>¡; s¡ ep¡Áe s`òep®
(A\p®s¹ dpÓ ApÐdgn¡ A_¡ dyr¼s_p gn¡) kp¡ CÞÖp¡_¡ `Z kss h„v$_ue R>¡. s¡_¡ `pdu_¡ S>¡ L$p¡C Æh
L$pdpÞ^L$pfey¼s k„kpf\u S>r_s kyMdp„ fd¡ R>¡, s¡ S>X$drs Af¡f¡ ! L$rm\u lZpA¡gp¡ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹
QpqfÓ A\hp s`òep® A„NuL$pf L$ep® bpv$ `Z Å¡ L$p¡C Æh_¡ L$pd-cp¡N âÐe¡ Apv$f Æh„s fl¡ R>¡ sp¡
s¡hp Æh_¡ S>X$drs L$l¡g R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡hp¡ Æh `p¡sp_p¡ A_„s k„kpf Æh„s fpMhphpmp¡ R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 243:- ""S>¡ Æh AÞehi (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ frls) R>¡ s¡ cg¡ dyr_h¡i^pfu lp¡e
sp¡ Z k„kpfu R>¡, r_Ðe v$y:M_p¡ cp¡Nh_pf R>¡; S>¡ Æh õhhi (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ krls) R>¡ s¡
Æh_dyL$s R>¡, rS>_¡ïhf\u qL»$rQs¹ Þe|_ R>¡.''
r_edkpf A_ykpf Ýep_ A_¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje110
A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ krls dyr_dp„ rS>_¡ïhfv$¡h L$fsp„ S>fpL$ S> DZ` R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡hp„ dyr_
iuO° S> rS>_¡ïhf`Ï„ `pdhp ep¡Áe R>¡ A_¡ kçeÁv$i®_ frls dyr_h¡i^pfuAp¡_¡ `Z kp¥â\ddp„ â\d
kçeÁv$i®_ `pdhp„ S>¡hy„ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡_p hNf dp¡ndpN® S> i~ \sp¡ _\u A¡hp¡ D`v$¡i `Z R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 244:- ""Apd lp¡hp\u S> rS>__p\_p dpN®_¡ rhi¡ dyr_hN®dp„ õhhi dyr_ (A\p®s¹
kçeÁv$i®_ krls kdsp^pfu dyr_) kv$p ip¡c¡ R>¡; A_¡ AÞehi dyr_ _p¡L$f_p„ kd|lp¡dp„ fpS>hëgc
_p¡L$f kdp_ ip¡c¡ R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ kh® k„kpfuS>_ ê$` _p¡L$fp¡dp„ s¡ fpS>hëgc A\p®s¹ JQu `v$huhpmp _p¡L$f_u S>¡d
ip¡c¡ R>¡ s¡_p\u h^pf¡ _rl, A\p®s¹ s¡hp„ dyr_ `Z JQu `v$huhpmp k„kpfu S> R>¡ A¡d S>Zphu_¡
kçeÁv$i®__p¡ S> drldp kdÅh¡g R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ A¡L$ dpÓ kh£ Æhp¡_¡ L$s®ìe R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 245:- ""dyr_hf v$¡hgp¡L$pqv$_p L$g¡i âÐe¡ frs sÅ¡ A_¡ r_hp®Z_p„ L$pfZ_y„ L$pfZ
(A\p®s¹ r_hp®Z_p„ L$pfZê$` r_òe QpqfÓ_y„ L$pfZ A¡hp„ kçeÁv$i®__p rhje) A¡hp klS>`fdpÐdp_¡
cÅ¡- (A\p®s¹ S>¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡ s¡hp¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph L¡$ S>¡ ApÐdp_y„ klS> `qfZd_
R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u S> s¡_¡ klS> `fdpÐdpê$` L$l¡hpe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp„ kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡
r_òe QpqfÓ_y„ L$pfZ R>¡, s¡\u Ap kçeÁv$i®_p rhje_¡ r_hp®Z_p L$pfZ_y„ L$pfZ L$l¡hpe R>¡) L¡$ S>¡
klS>`fdpÐdp `fdp_„v$de R>¡, kh®\p (A\p®s¹ ÓZ¡ L$pm¡-A¡L$p„s¡) r_d®m op__y„ fl¡W$pZ R>¡,
r_fphfZõhê$` R>¡ A_¡ _e-A_e_p kd|l\u (ky_ep¡ s\p Ly$_ep¡_p kd|l\u A\p®s¹ rhL$ë`dpÓ\u)
v$|f (A\p®s¹ r_rh®L$ë`) R>¡.''
Np\p 145 AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡ Öìe NyZ `ep®ep¡dp„ (A\p®s¹ s¡d_p„ rhL$ë`p¡dp„) d_ Å¡X¡$ R>¡, s¡
`Z AÞehi R>¡; dp¡lpÞ^L$pf frls îdZp¡ Apd L$l¡ R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ D`f S>ZpìepA_ykpf S>¡ r_rh®L$ë` iyÙpÐdp R>¡ s¡dp„ S> D`ep¡N gNphhp S>¡hp¡ R>¡
AÞe\p _rl. Ap A ¡npA¡ c¡v$ ê$` ìehlpf l¡e R>¡, s¡_p¡ D`ep¡N hõsy_y„ õhê$` kdÅhhp„ dpÓ S>
R>¡- S>¡d L¡$ Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e A\hp DÐ`pv$-ìee- °yh A_¡ A_„s NyZp¡ hN¡f¡; `f„sy s¡ kh£ c¡v$p¡
rhL$ë`ê$` lp¡hp\u A_¡ hõsy_y„ õhê$` Ac¡v$ lp¡hp\u, c¡v$ê$` ìehlpf\u hõsy S>¡d R>¡ s¡d kdÆ_¡
c¡v$dp„ _ fl¡sp„, Ac¡v$dp„ S> fdhp„ S>¡hy R>¡.
AÓ¡ L$p¡C_¡ rhL$ë` \pe L¡$ Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje sp¡ `ep®e\u frls Öìe R>¡ _¡?
DÑf- Aphp¡ rhL$ë` L$fhp\u Ðep„ Ü¡s_p¡ S>Þd \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ A¡L$ Ac¡v$ Öìedp„ Öìe A_¡
`ep®eê$ Ü¡s_p¡ S>Þd \hp\u, Ac¡v$_p¡ A_ych \sp¡ _\u; A\p®s¹ Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje Ac¡v$, iyÙÖìepepr\®L$
_e¡ L$fu "iyÙpÐdp' R>¡ A_¡ iyÙÖìepepr\®L$_edp„ `ep®e AÐe„s Np¥Z \C S>hp\u S>Zpsu S> _\u
111
A\hp s¡_p¡ rhL$ë` `Z Aphsp¡ _\u s¡\u Ac¡v$ê$` iyÙpÐdp_p¡ A_ych \B Åe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡dp„ rhcph
`ep®e AÐe„s Np¥Z R>¡. Ap S> fus R>¡ r_rh®L$ë` kçeÁv$i®__u A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ Öìe_¡ `ep®e frls âpàs
L$fhp_p¡ A\hp L$p¡C`Z rhcphcph_p r_j¡ _p¡ rhL$ë` _ L$fsp„, dpÓ Ö[óV$_p rhjeê$` "iyÙpÐdp' _¡
S> iyÙÖìepepr\®L$ _e¡ L$fu N°lZ L$fsp„, AÞe kh® Ap`d¡m¡ S> AÐe„s Np¥Z \C Åe R>¡.
`f„sy S>¡Ap¡ Apd _ L$fsp r_j¡ _p¡ S> ApN°l fpM¡ R>¡, s¡Ap¡ dpÓ r_j¡ ê$` rhL$ë`dp„ S> fl¡
R>¡ A_¡ r_rh®L$ë` õhê$`_p¡ A_ych L$fu iL$sp„ _\u `f„sy s¡Ap¡ dpÓ c°ddp„ S> fl¡ R>¡ A_¡ `p¡sp_¡
kçeÁÖ[óV$ kdÆ_¡ A_„s `fphs®__¡ Apd„ÓZ Ap ¡ R>¡, S>¡ L$~Zp D`Åhsu hps R>¡
ïgp¡L$ 246:- ""S>¡d BÞ^_ey¼s Ar‚ h©rÙ `pd¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ Äep„ ky u BÞ^_ R>¡ Ðep„ ky u
Ar‚_u h©rÙ \pe R>¡), s¡d Äep„ ky u Æhp¡_¡ tQsp (rhL$ë`p¡) R>¡ Ðep„ ky u k„kpf R>¡.'' A\p®s¹
r_rh®L$ë` õhê$` "iyÙpÐdp' S> D`pv$¡e R>¡.
Np\p 146 AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡ `fcph_¡ `qfÐepNu_¡ (A\p®s¹ Ö[óV$dp„ AÐe„s Np¥Z L$fu_¡)
r_d®m õhcphhpmp ApÐdp_¡ Ýeph¡ R>¡, s¡ Mf¡Mf ApÐdhi R>¡ (A\p®s¹ õhhi R>¡) A_¡ s¡_¡
(r_òe-`fd) AphíeL$ L$d® (rS>_p¡) L$l¡ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ ApÐdÝep_ A¡ `fd AphíeL$ R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 249:- ""r_hp®Z_y„ L$pfZ A¡hp¡ S>¡ rS>_¢Ö_p¡ dpN® (R>¡) s¡_¡ Ap fus¡ ÅZu_¡ (A\p®s¹
rS>_¡ÞÖL$r\s r_hp®Z_p¡ dpN® AÓ¡ kdÅìep A_ykpf S> R>¡, AÞe\p _rl; s¡\u s¡_¡ Ap fus¡ ÅZu_¡)
S>¡ r_hp®Zk„ v$p_¡ `pd¡ R>¡, s¡_¡ ly„ afuafu_¡ h„v$y Ry>„.''
ïgp¡L$ 252:- ""S>¡Z¡ r_S> fk_p rhõspfê$`u |f hX¡$ `p`_¡ kh® sfa\u ^p¡C _p„¿ep R>¡
(A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdpdp„ `p`ê$` kh£ rhcphcph AÐe„s Np¥Z lp¡hp\u A\p®s¹ S>Zpsp S> _ lp¡hp\u A_¡
s¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' `Z _ lp¡hp\u Apd L$ley„ R>¡), S>¡ klS> kdspfk\u |Z® cf¡gp¡ lp¡hp\u `rhÓ R>¡
(A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp kh®NyZp¡_p klS> `qfZd_ê$` `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` klS> kdspfk\u |Z®
lp¡e R>¡), S>¡ yfpZ (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp k_ps_-rÓL$pm iyÙ) R>¡, S>¡ õhhi d_dp„ kv$p ky[õ\s R>¡
(A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ ey¼s_¡ s¡ cph kv$p gå^ê$ ¡ lp¡e R>¡) A_¡ S>¡ iyÙ rkÙ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp,
rkÙ cNhp_ kdp_ iyÙ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S> A ¡npA¡ "kh® Æhp¡ õhcph\u rkÙ kdp_ S> R>¡' L$l¡hpe
R>¡) A¡hp¡ klS> s¡S>fpridp„ d‚ Æh (A\p®s¹ õhÐdp_yc|rs ey¼s Æh) S>eh„s R>¡.''
Np\p 147 AÞhep\®:- ""Å¡ sy„ (r_òe `fd) AphíeL$_¡ CÃR>¡ R>¡ sp¡ sy„ ApÐdpõhcphp¡dp„
(A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdpdp„) [õ\fcph L$f¡ R>¡; s¡_p\u Æh_¡ kpdpreL$NyZ k„ |Z® \pe R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ S>¡ Æh
iyÙpÐdpdp„ S> [õ\fcph L$f¡ R>¡, s¡_¡ S> L$pe®L$pfu = kpQu kpdpreL$ L$l¡g R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ S> A |h® r_S>®fp
\pe R>¡.
r_edkpf A_ykpf Ýep_ A_¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje112
ïgp¡L$ 256:- ""ApÐdp_¡ Ahíe dpÓ klS>-`fd-AphíeL$_¡ A¡L$_¡ S> L¡$ S>¡ AOkd|l_y„
(v$p¡jkd|l_y„) _piL$ R>¡ A_¡ dyr¼s_y„ d|m (L$pfZ) R>¡ s¡_¡ S>- Arsie`Z¡ L$fhy„ (A\p®s¹ klS>-
`fd-AphíeL$ A¡ L$p¡C ipfuqfL$ A\hp ip[åv$L$ q¾$ep _ lp¡hp\u, dpÓ d__u S> q¾$ep R>¡ A\p®s¹
Ars[ÞÖe Ýep_ê$` lp¡hp\u Arsie`Z¡ L$fhp„ L$ley„ R>¡). (A¡d L$fhp\u) kv$p r_S> fk_p a¡gph\u
|Z® cf¡gp¡ lp¡hp_¡ gu ¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdpdp„ dpÓ r_S> NyZp¡_y„ klS> `qfZd_ S> N°lZ \pe R>¡ L¡$
S>¡ |Z® lp¡hp_¡ gu ¡) `rhÓ _¡ yfpZ (k_ps_-rÓL$pm) A¡hp¡ s¡ ApÐdp hpZu\u v$|f (hQ_ ANp¡Qf)
A¡hp L$p¡C klS> ipïhs kyM_¡ (rkÙp¡_p kyM_¡) `pd¡ R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 257:- ""õhhi dy_]Ö_¡ (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_-op_-QpqfÓey¼s dy_]Ö_¡) DÑd
õhpÐdtQs_ (r_ÅÐdp_ych_) lp¡e R>¡, A_¡ Ap (r_ÅÐdp_ych_ê$`) AphíeL$ L$d® (s¡_¡)
dyr¼skp¥¿e_y„ (rkÙÐh_y„) L$pfZ \pe R>¡.''
Np\p 151 AÞhep\®:- ""S>¡ ^d®Ýep__¡ iyL$gÝep_dp„ `qfZs R>¡ s¡ `Z A„sfpÐdp R>¡,
Ýep_rhlu_ (A\p®s¹ Ap b„_¡ Ýep_ rhrl_) îdZ brlfpÐdp„ R>¡ A¡d ÅZ.''
Np\p 154 AÞhep\®:- ""Å¡ L$fu iL$pe sp¡ Alp¡! Ýep_de (õhpÐdp_yc|rsê$` iyÙpÐdp_p
Ýep_de) ârs¾$dZpqv$ L$f; Å¡ sy„ ir¼srhlu_ lp¡e (A\p®s¹ Å¡ s_¡ kçeÁv$i®_ \ey„ _ lp¡e A_¡ s¡\u
L$fu_¡ iyÙpÐdp_yc|rsê$` Ýep_ L$fhp ir¼srhlu_ lp¡e) sp¡ Ðep„ ky u (A\p®s¹ Äep„ ky u kçeÁv$i®_
_ \pe Ðep„ ky u) îÙp_ S> (A\p®s¹ AÓ¡ S>Zph¡g sÒh_u s¡ S> fus\u îÙp) L$s®ìe (A\p®s¹ L$fhp
S>¡hu) R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 264:- ""Akpf k„kpfdp„, `p`\u cf |f L$rmL$pm_p¡ rhgpk lp¡sp„, Ap r_v$p£j
rS>__p\_p„ dpN®_¡ rhi¡ dyr¼s _\u, dpV$¡ Ap L$pmdp„ AÝepÐdÝep_ L¡$d lp¡B iL¡$? s¡\u
r_d®mby[Ý^hpmpAp¡ chce_p¡ _pi L$f_pfu Ap (D`f S>Zpìep A_ykpf_u) r_ÅÐdîÙp_¡ A„NuL©$s
L$f¡ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ Ap L$pmdp„ kçeÁv$i®_ AÐe„s v$yg®c lp¡hp\u `p¡sp_p ApÐdp_u AÓ¡ S>Zpìep_ykpf
îÙp `fd L$s®ìe R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ S> L$pe®L$pfu = kpQu cr¼s R>¡.
Np\p 156 AÞhep\®:- ""_p_p âL$pf_p (AgN AgN A_¡L$ âL$pf_p„) Æhp¡ R>¡, _p_p âL$pf_y„
L$d® R>¡, _p_p âL$pf_u g[å^ R>¡, s¡\u õhkdep¡ (õh^d}Ap¡) A_¡ `fkdep¡ (`f^d}Ap¡) kp\¡
hQ_rhhpv$ hS>®hpep¡Áe R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ sÒh dpV$¡ L$p¡C S> hpv$-rhhpv$, h¡f-rhfp¡ , TOX$p L$epf¡e L$fhp S>¡hp _\u L$pfZ L¡$
s¡_p\u sÒh_p¡ S> `fpS>e \pe R>¡, A\p®s¹ ^d® S> gS>hpe R>¡ A_¡ b„_¡ `np¡_¡ L$p¡C S> ^d® âp[às
\su _\u, s¡\u s¡hp„ hpv$-rhhpv$, h¡f-rhfp¡ , TOX$p ÐeS>hp S> ep¡Áe R>¡.
113
ïgp¡L$ 271:- ""l¡eê$` A¡hp¡ S>¡ L$_L$ A_¡ L$prd_u k„b„ u dp¡l s¡_¡ R>p¡X$u_¡ (A\p®s¹ dydyny Æh¡
ApÐdâp[às A\£ Ap dp¡l R>p¡X$hp S>¡hp¡ R>¡), l¡ rQÑ! (A\p®s¹ Q¡s_!) r_d®m kyM_¡ A\£ (A\p®s¹
AtsrÖekyM_¡ A\£) `fd Ny{$ Üpfp ^d®_¡ âpàs L$fu_¡ sy„ AìeN°ê$` (ip„sõhê$`u) `fdpÐdpdp„
(A\p®s¹ r_rh®L$ë` `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` rÓL$pmu iyÙ ApÐdpdp„)- L¡$ S>¡ (`fdpÐdp - iyÙpÐdp)
r_Ðe Ap_„v$hpmp¡ R>¡, r_ê$`d NyZp¡\u Ag„L©$s R>¡ A_¡ qv$ìe op_hpmp¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙ kpdpÞe
op_hpmp¡ iyÙpÐdp) R>¡ s¡dp„- iuO° âh¡i L$f.'' A\p®s¹ kh£ dydyny Æhp¡_¡ L$_L$ A_¡ L$prd_u k„b„ u
dp¡l R>p¡X$u_¡ iyÙpÐdpdp„ S> iuO° "ly„ `Ï„' L$fu s¡_u S> A_yc|rsdp„ A¡L$ê$` \C S>hp_u â¡fZp L$f¡g
R>¡ A\p®s¹ kh£ dydyny Æhp¡_¡ s¡ S> L$s®ìe R>¡.
Np\p 159 V$uL$p_p¡ ïgp¡L$:- ""hõsy_p¡ e\p\® r_Z®e s¡ kçeÁop_ R>¡, s¡ kçeÁop_, v$uhp_u
dpaL$ õh_p A_¡ (`f) `v$p\p£_p r_Z®epÐdL$ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ Ap kçeÁop_ A¡ S> rhh¡L$ey¼s op_ R>¡ L¡$
S>¡ iyÙpÐdpdp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsy„ lp¡hp R>sp„, ApÐdp_¡ hs®dp_ fpN-Ü¡jê$` AiyrÙ\u dy¼s L$fphhp dpV$¡,
rhh¡L$ey¼s dpN® A„NuL$pf L$fph¡ R>¡) s\p ârdrs\u (orá\u) L$\„rQs¹ rcß (A\p®s¹ S>¡ ÅZhy„ \pe R>¡
s¡ rhi¡j A\p®s¹ op_pL$pf R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ op__y„ S> b_¡g lp¡hp R>sp„ s¡ op_pL$pf_¡ Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje âpàs L$fhp„
Np¥Z L$fhp_p lp¡hp\u A_¡ s¡ op_pL$pf A_¡ op_ L$\„rQs¹ Ac¡v$ lp¡hp\u A\p®s¹ A¡L$p„s¡ c¡v$ _rl
lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ L$\„rQs¹ rcß L$lep„) R>¡.''
Np\p 164 AÞhep\®:- ""ìehlpf_e\u op_ `fâL$piL$ R>¡; s¡\u v$i®_ `fâL$piL$ R>¡;
ìehlpf_e\u ApÐdp `fâL$piL$ R>¡ s¡\u v$i®_ `fâL$piL$ R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ S>¡ op_ R>¡ A\hp v$i®_ R>¡, s¡ S> ApÐdp R>¡ A_¡ `fâL$pi_dp„ (A\p®s¹ o¡epL$pfê$`
op__p `qfZd_dp„) kpdpÞeop_ A_¡ o¡epL$pf A\p®s¹ op_pL$pf A¡hp c¡v$ lp¡hp\u, õh\u L$\„rQs¹
rcß L$l¡hpe R>¡. A\p®s¹ õh, Ac¡v$ A_¡ r_rh®L$ë` õhê$` R>¡ Äepf¡ `fâL$pi_dp„ o¡epL$pfê$` S>¡ op__y„
`qfZd_ \pe R>¡ s¡ rhL$ë`ê$` R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u s¡ c¡v$ê$` lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ ìehlpfê$` L$üy„ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ c¡v$
s¡ ìehlpf A_¡ Ac¡v$ s¡ r_òe Aphu S> rS>_pNd_u fus R>¡.
Np\p 170 AÞhep\®:- ""op_ Æh_y„ õhê$` R>¡, s¡\u ApÐdp ApÐdp_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡, Å¡ op_
ApÐdp_¡ _ ÅZ¡ sp¡ ApÐdp\u ìersqf¼s (Sy>v$y„) W$f¡!''
Np\p 171 Np\p A_¡ AÞhep\®:- ""f¡ ! (A¡V$gp dpV$¡ S>) Æh R>¡ s¡ op_ R>¡, _¡ op_ R>¡
s¡ Æh R>¡, s¡ L$pfZ¡ r_S>`fâL$piL$ op_ s¡d S> Ö[óV$ R>¡. - ApÐdp_¡ op_ ÅZ, A_¡ op_ ApÐdp
R>¡ A¡d ÅZ; Apdp„ k„v$¡l _\u. s¡\u op_ s¡d S> v$i®_ õh`fâL$piL$ R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ Äep„ `Z op_\u L$\_ \ey„ lp¡e Ðep„ |Z®ApÐdp S> kdS>hp¡ A_¡ s¡ D`fp„s L$p¡CL$
r_edkpf A_ykpf Ýep_ A_¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje114
ip÷p¡dp„ op__¡ kpL$pf D`ep¡Nhpmy„ lp¡hp_p L$pfZ¡ `f_¡ ÅZhphpmy„ L$üy„ R>¡ A_¡ v$i®__¡ r_fpL$pf
D`ep¡Nhpmy„ lp¡hp_p L$pfZ¡ õh_¡ ÅZhphpmy„ L$üy„ R>¡, s¡ hps_p¡ D`fp¡¼s Np\pAp¡\u r_j¡ L$f¡g R>¡.
Np\p 172 AÞhep\®:- ""ÅZsp„ A_¡ v$¡Msp lp¡hp R>sp„ (A\p®s¹ L¡$hmu cNh„s õh`f_¡ ÅZ¡
v$¡M¡ sp¡ `Z) L¡$hmu_¡ CÃR>p |h®L$ (hs®_) lp¡sy„ _\u, s¡\u s¡d_¡ "L¡$hmop_u' L$üp R>¡, hmu s¡\u
Ab„ L$ L$üp R>¡''L$pfZ s¡d_¡ `fdp„ CóV$ - Ar_óV$ by[Ý^ _\u A\p®s¹ `f_y„ ÅZhy„ Æh_¡ v$p¡jL$pfL$
_\u, `f„sy `fdp„ CóV$ - Ar_óV$ by[Ý^ S> r_ed\u v$p¡jL$pfL$ A\p®s¹ b„ _y„ L$pfZ R>¡ S>¡ hps Ad¡
|h£ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 287:- ""ApÐdp_¡ op_v$i®_ê$` ÅZ A_¡ op_v$i®__¡ ApÐdp ÅZ; õh A_¡ `f A¡hp
sÒh_¡ (kdõs `v$p\p£_¡) ApÐdp õ`óV$`Z¡ âL$pi¡ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ Äep„ `Z op_\u A\hp v$i®_\u
L$\_ \ey„ lp¡e Ðep„ s¡_¡ A ¡npA¡ |Z®ApÐdp S> kdS>hp¡ A_¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ r_ed\u õh-`f âL$piL$
kdS>hp„.
ïgp¡L$ 297 - ""cphp¡ `p„Q R>¡, S>¡dp„ Ap `fd „Qd cph (`fd`pqfZprdL$cph) r_f„sf
õ\peu R>¡ (A\p®s¹ ÓZ¡ L$pm¡ A¡hp¡_¡ A¡hp¡ S> klS> `qfZd_ê$` iyÙcph¡ D`S>¡ R>¡ s¡ A ¡npA¡
õ\peu L$üp¡ R>¡), k„kpf_p„ _pi_y„ L$pfZ R>¡ A_¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$Ap¡_¡ Np¡Qf (A\p®s¹ A_ychdp„ Aph¡)
R>¡, by[Ý^dp_ y{$j kdõs fpNÜ¡j_p kd|l_¡ R>p¡X$u_¡ (A\p®s¹ ÖìeÖ[óV$A¡ L$fu kdõs rhcphcph_¡
AÐe„s Np¥Z L$fu_¡) s¡d S> s¡ `fd „Qdcph_¡ ÅZu_¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp_u A_yc|rs L$fu_¡) A¡L$gp¡
(A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp_u A_yc|rs `R>u_u kp^_p Aæe„sf lp¡hp\u A¡L$gp¡ L$üp¡ R>¡ A\hp Ap L$pmdp„
kçeÁv$i®__u v$yg®csp v$ip®hhp A¡L$gp¡ L$üp¡ R>¡), L$rmeyNdp„ `p`h__p Ar‚ê$` dyr_hf sfuL¡$ ip¡c¡
R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ S>¡ by[Ý^dp_ y{$j `fd`pqfZprdL$cph_p¡ DN° Z¡ Apîe L$f¡ R>¡, s¡ S> y{$j `p`h__¡
bpmhpdp„ Ar‚ kdp_ dyr_hf R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 299 - ""ApÐdp_u Apfp^_p frls Æh_¡ kp`fp^ (A`fp^u) NZhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡
(s¡\u) ly„ Ap_„v$d„qv$f ApÐdp_¡ (iyÙpÐdp_¡) r_Ðe _dy„ Ry>„''A\p®s¹ ApÐdp_p gn rkhpe_u kh£
kp^_p-Apfp^_p A`fp^ey¼s L$lu L$pfZ L¡$ s¡_y„ am A_„sk„kpf S> R>¡.
Ap fus¡ r_edkpf ip÷dp„ r_ed\u L$pfZ kdekpfê$` r_S> iyÙpÐdp L¡$ S>¡
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` A\p®s¹ klS> `qfZd_ê$` R>¡ s¡_¡ S> ÅZhp_y„, s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fhp_y„,
s¡_¡ S> cS>hp_y„ A_¡ s¡dp„ S> [õ\fsp„ L$fhp_y„ L$üy„ R>¡; Ap S> dp¡n dpN®_p¡ r_ròs r_ed A\p®s¹ ¾$d
R>¡, s¡\u s¡_¡ r_ròs r_ed_p¡ kpf A\p®s¹ r_edkpf L$üp¡ R>¡.
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`„Qp[õsL$pe k„N°l_u Np\pAp¡
lh¡ Ap`Z¡ îu „Qp[õsL$pe k„N°l ip÷_u \p¡X$uL$ Np\pAp¡ Å¡Ciy„:-
Np\p 165 AÞhep\®:- ""iyÙk„âep¡N\u (iyÙê$` `qfZd¡g âÐe¡ cr¼scph\u) v$y:Mdp¡n
\pe R>¡ A¡d Å¡ Aop_ _¡ gu ¡ op_u (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ frls nep¡ idop__u) dp_¡, sp¡ s¡
`fkdefs Æh R>¡. "Al¯spqv$ âÐe¡ cr¼s - A_yfpNhpmu d„v$iyrÙ\u ¾$d¡ dp¡n \pe R>¡' A¡hy„ Å¡
Aop__¡ gu ¡ (iyÙpÐdk„h¡v$__p Acph_¡ gu ¡, fpNp„i_p gu ¡) op_u_¡ (A\p®s¹ nep¡ idop_u_¡)
`Z d„v$ y{$jp\®hpmy„ hgZ hs£, sp¡ Ðep„ ky u s¡ `Z kyÿd `fkdedp„ fs R>¡''A\p®s¹ iyccphê$`
rS>_cr¼s\u dyr¼s dm¡ R>¡ A¡hy„ S>¡ dp_¡ s¡ rdÕepÐhu R>¡.
Np\p 166 AÞhep\®:- ""Als, rkÙ, Q¥Ðe (Alspqv$_u ârsdp), âhQ_ (ip÷), dyr_NZ
A_¡ op_ âÐe¡ cr¼sk„ ß Æh OÏ„ yÎe bp„ ¡ R>¡, `f„sy s¡ Mf¡Mf L$d®_p¡ ne L$fsp¡ _\u.''
A\p®s¹ dp¡ndpN® dpÓ õhpÐdp_yc|rsê$` kçeÁv$i®_ rkhpe dmsp¡ S> _\u, s¡ S> ÖY$ L$fphhy„
R>¡ dpV$¡ kh£S>_p¡A¡ kçeÁv$i®_ A\£ S> kh® âeÐ_p¡ L$fhp„; s¡ S> hps lh¡ ApNm `Z S>Zph¡ R>¡.
Np\p 169 AÞhep\®:- ""dpV$¡ dp¡np\} Æh (dydyny) r_:k„N (A\p®s¹ `p¡sp_¡ iyÙpÐdê$`
A_ychu_¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ cph rÓL$pm r_:k„N R>¡) A_¡ r_d®d (A\p®s¹ kh£ âÐe¡ ddsp ÐeÆ_¡ A\p®s¹
kh® k„ep¡Ncphdp„ Apv$f R>p¡X$u_¡ r_d®d) \C_¡ rkÙp¡_u (Ac¡v$) cr¼s (iyÙApÐdÖìedp„ [õ\fspê$`
`fdpr\®L$ rkÙcr¼s) L$f¡ R>¡, s¡\u s¡ r_hp®Z_¡ `pd¡ (A\p®s¹ dy¼s \pe) R>¡.'' Ad¡ |h£ S>Zpìep
A_ykpf iyÙpÐdp_u Ac¡v$ cr¼s S> dp¡ndpN®dp„ L$pe®L$pfu R>¡ _rl L¡$ h¡hgp„h¡X$pê$` cr¼s A\hp
ìer¼sfpNê$` cr¼s.
Np\p 172 AÞhep\®:- ""s¡\u dp¡nprcgpju Æh (dydyny) kh®Ó qL»$rQs¹ `Z fpN _ L$fp¡; A¡d
L$fhp\u s¡ cìe Æh husfpN \C chkpNf_¡ sf¡ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ dp¡nprcgpju Æh¡ ds, „\, k„âv$pe,
ìer¼srhi¡j, hN¡f¡ ¼ep„e fpN L$fhp S>¡hp¡ _\u.
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje116
34
AóV$`plyX$_u Np\pAp¡
lh¡ Ap`Z¡ AóV$`plyX$ ip÷_u \p¡X$uL$ Np\pAp¡ Å¡Ciy„ -
"v$i®_ `plyX$' Np\p 8 A\®:- ""S>¡ y{$jp¡ v$i®_dp„ c°óV$ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ rdÕepÐhu R>¡) s\p op_
QpqfÓdp„ `Z c°óV$ R>¡ s¡ y{$jp¡ c°óV$dp„ `Z rhi¡j (Ars) c°óV$ R>¡, L$p¡C sp¡ v$i®_ krls R>¡ `f„sy
op_-QpqfÓ s¡d_¡ lp¡sp _\u, s\p L$p¡C A„sf„N v$i®_\u c°óV$ R>¡ sp¡ `Z op_-QpqfÓ_y„ kpfu fus¡
`pg_ L$f¡ R>¡ (AÓ¡ op_ A¡V$g¡ rS>_pNd_y„ nep¡ id op_ g¡hy„), A_¡ S>¡ v$i®_ op_-QpqfÓ Ap
ÓZ¡\u c°óV$ R>¡ s¡Ap¡ sp¡ AÐe„s c°óV$ R>¡; s¡Ap¡ `p¡s¡ sp¡ c°óV$ R>¡ `f„sy bpL$u_p A\p®s¹ `p¡sp_p rkhpe
AÞe S>_p¡_¡ `Z c°óV$ L$f¡ R>¡.''
Ap Np\p\u õ`óV$ \pe R>¡ L¡$ rS>_rkÙp„s_¡ rhi¡ A_¡L$p„s âhs£ R>¡ A\p®s¹ rS>_rkÙp„sdp„ v$f¡L$
L$\_ A ¡npA¡ S> lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u L$fu L$p¡C õhÃR>„v$¡ A¡d L$l¡ L¡$ kçeÁv$i®_ rkhpe Aæepkp\£ A_¡
`p`\u bQhp„ `Z Atlkpqv$ h°s-s` _ lp¡e, s¡Ap¡_¡ AÓ¡ c°óV$\u `Z Ars c°óV$ L$üp„ A_¡ AÞep¡_¡
`Z s¡Ap¡ c°óV$ê$` âhs®hhphpmp L$lep„ R>¡.
A\p®s¹ Ap L$pm¡ kçeÁv$i®_ Ars v$yg®c lp¡hp_¡ L$pfZ¡, Å¡ L$p¡C rdÕepÐhu Æh (A\p®s¹ v$i®_
rhrl_ Æh A\hp v$i®_ c°óV$ Æh) op_ A\hp QpqfÓ_u Apfp^_p L$f¡ R>¡ sp¡ s¡dp„ L$p„C S> Mp¡Vy$„ _\u,
dpÓ s¡ op_ A_¡ QpqfÓ s¡_¡ dyr¼s A`phhp ir¼sdp_ _rl lp¡hp\u A_¡ NyZõ\p_L$ A_ykpf _
lp¡hp\u, s¡ s¡_¡ dpÓ Aæepkê$` A_¡ iyc cphê$` S> R>¡; `f„sy s¡_u L$p¡C d_pC _\u, DgVy$„ s¡_¡ dpV$¡
AÓ¡ âp¡Ðkpl_ Ap ¡g R>¡; S>¡\u kh£A¡ rS>_rkÙp„s kh® A ¡npA¡ kdS>hp¡ AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡, _rl
L¡$ A¡L$p„s¡ L$pfZ L¡$ A¡L$p„s A_¡L$p¡_p `fd Arls_y„ L$pfZ \hp knd R>¡.
"cph `plyX$' Np\p 86 A\®:- ""A\hp S>¡ y{$j ApÐdp_¡ CóV$ L$fsp¡ _\u (A\p®s¹ S>¡_y„ gn
ApÐdp âp[às _\u), s¡_y„ õhê$ ÅZsp¡ _\u (A\p®s¹ ApÐdõhê$ ê$ hõsyìehõ\p_y„ kÐe op_ _\u),
A„NuL$pf L$fsp¡ _\u (A\p®s¹ ApÐdp_¡ A_ychsp¡ _ lp¡hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ rdÕepÐhu R>¡) A_¡ kh® âL$pf_p kdõs
yÎe L$f¡ R>¡ sp¡ `Z rkrÙ (dp¡n) `pdsp¡ _\u `f„sy s¡ y{$j k„kpfdp„ S> c°dZ L$f¡ R>¡.''
117
A\p®s¹ S>¡_y„ gn ApÐdp âp[às _\u s¡hp¡ Æh kh® âL$pf_p kdõs yÎe L$f¡ R>¡ sp¡ `Z rkrÙ
(dp¡n) `pdsp¡ _\u `f„sy s¡ y{$j k„kpfdp„ S> c°dZ L$f¡ R>¡ dpV$¡ kh£ dp¡n¡ÃRy>Ap¡A¡ |h£ Ap`Z¡ Å¡ey„
s¡d A¡L$ dpÓ ApÐdp_p gn¡ S> iycdp„ fl¡hy„ A_¡ Aiyc_p¡ ÐepN L$fhp¡ A¡hp¡ R>¡ rhh¡L$. A\p®s¹
`p`_p¡sp¡ ÐepN S> A_¡ A¡L$ dpÓ ApÐdâp[às_¡ gn¡ S>¡ cph lp¡e s¡ r_ed \u iyc S> lp¡e, Aphu
R>¡ klS>ìehõ\p `f„sy S>¡ L$p¡C Ap_p\u rh`fus N°lZ L$f¡ sp¡ s¡_p sp¡ lh¡ `R>u_p chp¡_p `Z W$¡L$pZp
_rl fl¡ A_¡ rS>_^d® hN¡f¡ê$` DÑd k„ep¡Np¡ `Z âpàs \hp„ v$yg®c \C `X$i¡. s¡\u ip÷dp„\u R>m
N°lZ _ L$fhy„, AÞe\p A_„sk„kpf c°dZ S> dmi¡ L¡$ S>¡ A_„s v$y:M_y„ L$pfZ R>¡.
"dp¡n `plyX$' Np\p 9 A\®:- ""rdÕepÖ[óV$ y{$j `p¡sp_p v$¡l kdp_ buÅ_p v$¡l_¡ Å¡C_¡, A¡
v$¡l AQ¡s_ R>¡ sp¡ `Z, rdÕepcph\u ApÐdcph Üpfp OZp¡ âeÐ_ L$fu_¡, s¡_¡ `f_p¡ ApÐdp S> dp_¡
R>¡, A\p®s¹ kdS>¡ R>¡.''
rdÕepÐhu Æh Ap S> fus¡ v$¡lcph yóV$ L$f¡ R>¡. Å¡ s¡ kpnps¹ kdp¡kfZdp„ `Z Åe sp¡
cNhp__p v$¡l_¡ S> ApÐdp dp_u_¡ A\hp Å¡ s¡ d„qv$fdp„ Åe sp¡ cNhp__u d|rs®ê$` v$¡l_¡ S> ApÐdp
dp_¡ R>¡ A_¡ |S>¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡d L$fu_¡ s¡ `p¡sp_p¡ v$¡lpÝepk S> `pL$p¡ L$f¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ v$¡lpÝepk S> ÖY$ L$f¡ R>¡.
Np\p 18 A\®:- ""k„kpf_p v$y:M Ap`hphpmp op_phfZpqv$L$ v$yóV$ ApW$ L$dp£\u frls R>¡
(A\p®s¹ S>¡ kçeÁv$i®__p rhjeê$` iyÙpÐdp R>¡ s¡dp„ ÖìeÖ[óV$A¡ L$fu kh® rhcphcph Aõs \ep¡ R>¡
A\p®s¹ AÐe„s Np¥Z \C Nep¡ R>¡ s¡\u s¡ v$yóV$ ApW$ L$dp£\u frls L$üp¡ R>¡) S>¡_¡ L$p¡C_u D`dp Ap`u
iL$pe _rl A¡hp¡ A_y d R>¡, S>¡_y„ op_ A¡ S> ifuf R>¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ kpdpÞe op_dpÓ cph R>¡ s¡ S>,
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp R>¡ s¡ S>), S>¡_p¡ _pi _\u A¡hp¡ Arh_piu-r_Ðe R>¡ A_¡ iyÙ
A\p®s¹ rhL$pf frls R>¡ s¡ L¡$hmop_deu ApÐdp (A\p®s¹ kh£ NyZp¡_p klS>`qfZd_ê$`
`fd`pqfZprdL$cph L¡$ S>¡_¡ iyÙpÐdp `Z L$l¡hpe R>¡ s¡_p„ kh£ NyZp¡ iyÙ S> `qfZd¡ R>¡ s¡ A ¡npA¡
L¡$hmop_deu L$üp¡ R>¡ A_¡ buSy>„ D`f S>Zpìep A_ykpf S>¡_y„ op_ A¡ S> ifuf R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡
op_dpÓ cph lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ L¡$hmop_deu L$üp¡ R>¡) rS>_ cNhp_ kh®o¡ L$lep¡ R>¡, s¡ S> õhÖìe
[A\p®s¹ s¡ S> dp{„$ õh R>¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ S> dpf¡ "ly„ `Ï„ (A¡L$Ðh)' L$fhp S>¡hy R>¡ s¡ A ¡npA¡ s¡_¡ õhÖìe
L$üp¡] R>¡.'' Ap `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp S> D`pv$¡e R>¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp„
õhpÐdp_yc|rsê$` kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$¡ R>¡ s¡d Ap Np\pdp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡.
Np\p 20 A\®:- ""ep¡Nu-Ýep_u-dyr_ R>¡ s¡ rS>_hfcNhp__p ds\u iyÙpÐdp_¡ Ýep_dp„
Ýeph¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ A¡L$ dpÓ iyÙpÐdp_y„ S> Ýep_ L$fhp S>¡hy„ R>¡ s¡ S> DÑd R>¡ _¡ s¡_p Ýep_\u S> ep¡Nu
L$l¡hpe R>¡), s¡\u r_hp®Z_¡ âpàs L$f¡ R>¡, sp¡ s¡_p\u iy„ õhN®gp¡L$ âpàs _ \B iL¡$? Ahíe S> âpàs
\C iL¡$ R>¡.''
AóV$`plyX$_u Np\pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje118
A\p®s¹ A_¡L$ gp¡L$p¡ õhN®_u âp[às_¡ A\£ _p_p âL$pf_p„-A_¡L$ D`pep¡ L$fsp„ Å¡hp dm¡ R>¡ sp¡
s¡ D`pe \u sp¡ L$v$pQ nrZL$ õhN® âpàs \pe `Z A\hp _ `Z \pe, `f„sy `f„ fpdp„ sp¡ s¡_¡ A_„s
k„kpf S> dm¡ R>¡; Äepf¡ iyÙpÐdp_y„ A_ych_ A_¡ Ýep_\u dyr¼s dm¡ R>¡ A_¡ dyr¼s _ dm¡ Ðep„ ky u
õhN® A_¡ õhN® S>¡hy„ S> kyM lp¡e R>¡, s¡\u kh£A¡ s¡_y„ S> Ýep_ L$fhp ep¡Áe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ dyr¼s_p¡ dpN®
R>¡ A_¡ s¡ dpN®dp„ õhN® sp¡ klS> S> lp¡e R>¡, s¡_u dp„NZu _\u lp¡su A¡d S>Zph¡g R>¡.
Np\p 66 AÞhep\®:- ""Äep„ ky u d_yóe C[ÞÖep¡_p rhjep¡dp„ `p¡sp_p d__¡ Å¡X¡$gy„ fpM¡ R>¡
(A\p®s¹ d_dp„ C[ÞÖep¡_p rhjep¡ âÐe¡ Apv$fcph hs£ R>¡) Ðep„ ky u ApÐdp_¡ ÅZsp¡ _\u (L$pfZ
L¡$ s¡_y„ gn rhjep¡ R>¡ ApÐdp _rl. s¡\u L$fu_¡ S> |h£ Ad¡ L$ley„ lsy„ L¡$ "d_¡ iy„ Nd¡ R>¡?' A¡ dydyny
Æh¡ Å¡sp fl¡hy„ A_¡ s¡_p\u `p¡sp_u ep¡Áesp_u s`pk L$fsp„ fl¡hu A_¡ Å¡ ep¡Áesp _ lp¡e sp¡ s¡_p¡
y{$jp\® L$fhp¡ AphíeL$ R>¡) s¡\u rhjep¡\u rhfL$s rQshpmp ep¡Nu-Ýep_u-dyr_ S> ApÐdp_¡ ÅZ¡
R>¡.'' Ap Np\pdp„ ApÐdâp[às dpV$¡_u ep¡Áesp S>Zph¡g R>¡.
"iug `plyX$' Np\p 4 A\®:- ""Äep„ ky u Ap Æh rhjebm A\p®s¹ rhjep¡_¡ hi fl¡ R>¡ Ðep„
ky u op__¡ ÅZsp¡ _\u A_¡ op__¡ ÅÎep rh_p L¡$hm rhjep¡\u rhf¼s \hp dpÓ\u S> `l¡gp
bp„ ¡gp L$dp£_p¡ _pi \sp¡ _\u.''
A\p®s¹ rhjerhfr¼s A¡ L$p¡C Ýe¡e _\u `f„sy kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$ S>¡ Ýe¡e R>¡ s¡_p dpV$¡_u AphíeL$
ep¡Áesp R>¡ A_¡ s¡ `Z A¡L$dpÓ ApÐdpgn¡ S> lp¡hu Å¡CA¡ L¡$ S>¡\u s¡_p\u ApNm ApÐdop_ \sp„
S>, A |h® r_S>®fp S>Zph¡g R>¡; `f„sy ApÐdop__p gn hNf_u dpÓ rhjerhfr¼s L$d® M`phhpdp„
L$pe®L$pfu _\u A¡d S>Zph¡g R>¡, A\p®s¹ dydyny Æhp¡A¡ A¡L$ dpÓ ApÐdgn¡ rhjerhfqL$s L$fhu AÐe„s
AphíeL$ R>¡.
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kçeÁv$i®_ A_¡ dp¡ndpN®
Al] ky u S>¡ cphp¡ Ap`Z¡ ÖY$ L$ep® s¡ A¡ R>¡ L¡$- kçeÁv$i®_ A_¡ `R>u\u dp¡ndpN® A_¡
dyr¼s dpV$¡ v$f¡L¡$ gndp„ g¡hp S>¡hu L$p¡C hõsy lp¡e sp¡ s¡ R>¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje L¡$ S>¡
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` A\p®s¹ ApÐdp_p klS>`qfZd_ê$` iyÙpÐdp R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ dyr¼s_y„ L$pfZ lp¡C_¡,
L$pfZ kdekpf A\hp L$pfZiyÙ `ep®e sfuL¡$ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡, s¡_p OZp„ _pdp¡ âep¡S>hpdp„ Aph¡
R>¡; `f„sy s¡dp„\u iåv$p¡ _rl `L$X$sp„, A¡L$ dpÓ iyÙpÐdpê$` cph S>¡d L$üp¡ R>¡ s¡d gndp„ g¡hp¡ AphíeL$
R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡_p hNf dp¡n dpN®dp„ âh¡i S> _\u. Ap L$pfZ¡ c¡v$op_ L$fphhp, AÝep[ÐdL$ ip÷p¡ s¡_¡
"õhsÒh' ê$` ApÐdp dp_¡ R>¡ A_¡ bpL$u_p S>¡ ApÐdp_p sdpd cphp¡ R>¡ s¡_p¡ ApÐdpdp„ "_L$pf' L$f¡
R>¡, s¡ _¡ S> "_¡su _¡su' ê$` `Z L$l¡hpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ r_òe_eê$` _L$pf `Z L$l¡hpe R>¡. S>¡\u L$fu_¡
kdekpf A\hp r_edkpf S>¡hp„ AÝep[ÐdL$ ip÷p¡_p¡ âpZ-lpv$® dpÓ Ap iyÙpÐdp S> R>¡ A_¡ s¡
ip÷p¡ c¡v$op__p ip÷p¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡\u L$fu dydynyÆhp¡ `p¡sp_p rhcphcph\u c¡v$op_ L$fu, "iyÙpÐdp' _p¡
A_ych L$f¡ A_¡ kçeÁv$i®__u âp[às L$fu dp¡ndpN®dp„ ApNm h^u `f„ fpA¡ dy¼s \pe, A¡ S> Ap
ip÷_p¡ A¡L$dpÓ DØ¡i R>¡. s¡\u Ap ip÷p¡_¡ Ap DØ¡i\u A\p®s¹ Ap A ¡npA¡ kdS>hp AÐe„s
AphíeL$ R>¡, _rl L¡$ A¡L$p„s¡.
S>¡d L¡$ Ap ip÷p¡ hp„Qu_¡ gp¡L$p¡ A¡d L$l¡hp gpN¡ L¡$ dpfpdp„ sp¡ fpN R>¡ S> _l], ly„ fpN L$fsp¡
S> _\u, hN¡f¡ A_¡ s¡Ap¡ s¡_p DØ¡iê$` c¡v$op_ _ L$fsp„, s¡_p¡ S> Ap^pf gC õhÃR>„v$¡ fpN-Ü¡jê$ ¡
S> `qfZd¡ A_¡ s¡ `Z S>fpe Aakp¡k hNf, Ap_p\u dp¡V$u L$~Zsp„ iy„ lp¡e? A\p®s¹ Ap_p\u dp¡Vy$„
`s_ iy„ lp¡e? A\p®s¹ Ap dlp`s_ S> R>¡. L$pfZ L¡$ S>¡ ip÷p¡ c¡v$op_ L$fu_¡ dy¼s \hp dpV$¡_p R>¡,
s¡_¡ gp¡L$p¡ A¡L$p„s¡ iåv$k: kdÆ_¡-ÅZu_¡ õhÃR>„v$¡ `qfZdu, `p¡sp_p A_„s k„kpf_y„ L$pfZ \pe R>¡
A_¡ s¡Ap¡ dp_¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ad¡ b y„ S> kdÆ Nep, Ad¡ AÞep¡ L$fsp„ JQp/dp¡V$p„ R>uA¡ L$pfZ L¡$ AÞep¡_¡
sp¡ Ap hps_u Mbf S> _\u L¡$ ApÐdp fpN L$fsp¡ S> _\u, ApÐdpdp„ fpN R>¡ S> _l] hN¡f¡; Ap R>¡
õhÃR>„v$¡ iåv$p¡_¡ `L$X$u_¡ A¡L$p„sê$` `qfZd_ L¡$ S>¡ kdekpf A\hp r_edkpf S>¡hp ip÷_y„ âep¡S>_
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje120
S> _\u. DgV$p¡ fpN s¡ ApÐdpdp„ S>hp_u kuX$u R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ S>¡ fpN R>¡ s¡ ApÐdp_p¡ rhi¡jcph R>¡ L¡$
S>¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> iyÙpÐdp S>Zpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ kh£ rhi¡jcphp¡ kp^_ê$` R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„
S> s¡ S>¡_p b_¡gp R>¡ s¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph kpÝeê$` R>¡. Ap S> fus R>¡ kçeÁv$i®__u. L$pfZ L¡$
õ\|m\u S> k|ÿddp„ S>hpe A\p®s¹ âNV$\u S> AâNV$dp„ S>hpe A\p®s¹ ìe¼s\u S> Aìe¼sdp„ S>hpe
A¡ S> r_ed R>¡. AÝep[ÐdL$ ip÷p¡ c¡v$op_ L$fphhp dpV$¡ rhcphcph _¡ Æh_p _\u A¡d L$l¡ R>¡ L$pfZ
L¡$ s¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' _\u L$fhp_y„ A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡ dpÓ "iyÙpÐdp'dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fhp_y„ lp¡C_¡ Ap
ip÷p¡dp„ Æh_p AÞe cphp¡_¡ yv¹$Ng cphp¡ A\p®s¹ `fcphp¡ L$üp R>¡ _rl L¡$ õhÃR>„v$¡ `qfZdhp dpV$¡.
A\p®s¹ ApÐdpdp„ fpN \sp¡ S> _\u, A¡hp¡ Ap ip÷_p¡ Arcâpe S> _\u, `f„sy s¡ fpNê$`
rhcphcph\u c¡v$op_ L$fphhp dpV$¡ s¡_¡ yv¹$Ng_p¡ S>Zph¡g R>¡. S>¥_ rkÙp„s_p¡ rhh¡L$ sp¡ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ "ly„
`Ï„' dpÓ iyÙpÐdpdp„ A_¡ op_ âdpZ_y„ A\p®s¹ AiyÙê$ ¡ `qfZd¡g |Z® ApÐdp_y„ A_¡ s¡hp¡ rhh¡L$
L$fu, s¡ dydyny s¡hp fpNê$` Dv$ecph\u l„d¡ip dpV$¡ dy¼s \hp_p¡ âeÐ_ ( y{$jp\®) Apv$f¡ R>¡, _rl L¡$
s¡ dpfp _\u, ly„ L$fsp¡ _\u hN¡f¡ L$lu_¡ s¡_¡ `p¡jhp_p¡ õhÃR>„v$ ApQf¡ R>¡.
Aphu R>¡ rh`fus kdS>Z_u L$~Zp, A\p®s¹ rhcphcph op_u A\hp dydyny Æh_¡ A¡L$
kde `Z kl_ L$fhp S>¡hp¡ gpNsp¡ _\u L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ cph sp¡ ApÐdp_¡ (A\p®s¹ d_¡) b„ _ê$` R>¡,
v$y:Mê$` R>¡ s¡\u Aphp cph_y„ `p¡jZsp¡ L$p¡C (op_u A\hp dydyny L$p¡C) `Z _ L$f¡; A¡V$g¡ S>¡ õhÃR>„v$¡
Aphp cphp¡_y„ `p¡jZ L$f¡ R>¡, s¡ `p¡sp_y„ `fd Arls S> L$fu füp R>¡ A_¡ s¡Ap¡ ip÷p¡_p¡ dd® S> kdÄep
_\u, Aphy„ AÐe„s Aakp¡kkl-L$~Zpkl L$l¡hy„ AphíeL$ S> R>¡.
Ad¡ Al] ky u S>¡ iyÙpÐdp_y„ hZ®_ L$ey s¡ S> Ad¡ hpf„hpf A_ychuA¡ R>uA¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ S>
iåv$p¡dp„ hZ®_ L$fhp_p¡ Ad¡ âeÐ_ L$f¡g R>¡, L¡$ S>¡ iL$e _\u S> L$pfZ L¡$ s¡_¡ iåv$p¡dp„ cNhp_ `Z
L$lu iL$sp _\u. s¡\u L$fu_¡ Ad¡ Ap`_¡ rh_„su L$fuA¡ R>uA¡ L¡$ Ap` Al] ky u L$f¡g õ`óV$sp\u A_¡
ApNm kdekpf_p Ap^pf¡ rhi¡j õ`óV$sp L$fhp_p R>uA¡, s¡ b„_¡_p¡ dd® kdÆ_¡ Ap` `Z
"õhsÒh' _p¡ A_ych L$fp¡ A_¡ `fdkyM-ip„rs-`fdp_„v$ê$` dyr¼s `pdp¡; bk A¡ S> A¡L$dpÓ DØ¡i\u
Ap kh® gM¡g R>¡.
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kdekpf A_ykpf kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
îu kdekpf |h®f„N Np\p 2 Np\p\®:- ""l¡ cìe! S>¡ Æh v$i®_-op_-QpqfÓdp„ [õ\s \C
flep¡ R>¡ s¡_¡ r_òe\u õhkde ÅZ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ v$i®_-op_-QpqfÓ A_¡ A_„sp NyZp¡_p klS>
`qfZd_ê$` `fd-`pqfZprdL$cphdp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' õ\p`u_¡ s¡dp„ S> [õ\s \e¡g R>¡ s¡ õhkde
A\p®s¹ kçeÁÖ[óV$ ÅZ); A_¡ S>¡ Æh yv¹$Ng L$dp£_p„ âv$¡ip¡dp„ [õ\s \e¡g R>¡ s¡_¡ `fkde (A\p®s¹
S>¡ rhcphcph krls_p Æhdp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$f¡ R>¡ s¡_¡ rdÕepÐhuÆh) ÅZ.''
AÓ¡ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ Afukp_p ×óV$p„s\u S>¡d Afukp_p õhÃR>Ðhê$` `qfZd_dp„ S>¡ "ly„
`Ï„' L$f¡ R>¡ s¡ õhkde A\p®s¹ ârstbbp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fu_¡ dpÓ Afukp_¡ ÅZhp¡ -S>¡d L¡$ ApÐdp_p
klS> `qfZd_ ê$` `fd`pqfZprdL$cph = op_kpdpÞecph = r_[ó¾$ecphdp„ ârstbbê$ ¡ bpL$u_p
Qpf cphp¡ fl¡g R>¡ sp¡ s¡ Qpf cphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fu_¡ dpÓ õhÃR>Ðhê$` `fd`pqfZprdL$ cph =
"õhkde'dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fhy„. Apd L$C fus¡ \C iL¡$ ? sp¡ s¡_u fus ApQpe® cNh„s¡. Np\p-11dp„
L$sL$amê$` by[Ý^\u Apd \C iL¡$ A¡d S>Zph¡g R>¡. A_¡ Np\p 294dp„ âopR>uZu hX¡$ Ap S> âq¾$ep
L$fhp_y„ S>Zph¡g R>¡. AÓ¡ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ `ep®e frls_y„ Öìe A¡V$g¡ L¡$ ApÐdp_p Qpf cphp¡_¡ Np¥Z
L$fu_¡ = frls L$fu_¡ „Qd cphê$` Öìe_u âp[às L¡$ S>¡ L$sL$am ê$` by[Ý^\u A\hp âopê$`u R>uZu\u
S> \C iL¡$ s¡d R>¡ AÞe\p _l]. ApQpe® cNh„s¡ L$p¡C cp¥rsL$ R>uZu\u Æhdp„ c¡v$op_ L$fhp_y„ _\u
L$üy„ L$pfZ L¡$ Æh A¡L$ Ac¡v$-AM„X$-op_O_ê$` Öìe R>¡. dpV$¡ s¡ `ep®e frls_y„ Öìe âpàs L$fhp dpV$¡
âopR>uZuê$` by[Ý^\u Qpf cph_¡ Np¥Z L$fu i¡j fl¡g A¡L$ dpÓ cph L¡$ S>¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`
R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ kv$p A¡hp¡ _¡ A¡hp¡ S> D`S>¡ R>¡ s¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fhp_y„ L$üy„ R>¡, s¡_¡ S> "õhkde' L$üp¡ R>¡
L¡$ S>¡_¡ ÅZsp„ S> kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$¡ R>¡.
Np\p 2 V$uL$p:- ApQpe® cNh„s V$uL$pdp„ S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡$- ""....Ap Æh `v$p\® L¡$hp¡ R>¡? kv$pe
`qfZpd õhê$` õhcphdp„ fl¡gp¡ lp¡hp\u (`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` lp¡hp\u) DÐ`pv$-ìee- °p¥ìe_u
A¡L$spê$` A_yc|rs (A\p®s¹ A_yc|rs Ac¡v$ Öìe_u S> lp¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ A_yc|rs ê$` cNhp_ ApÐdp
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje122
= ÆhfpÅ = Öìe `ep®e_u A¡L$spê$` lp¡e R>¡. L$pfZ `ep®e _ lp¡e sp¡ s¡ Öìe S> _ lp¡e A¡V$g¡ L¡$
cp¥rsL$ R>uZu\u `ep®e_¡ _ L$pY$sp„, âopR>uZu\u `fcphê$` Qpf cphp¡_¡ L$pY$u_¡ A¡V$g¡ L¡$ Np¥Z L$fu_¡
S>¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` = klS>ch_ê$` ApÐdp i¡j fl¡ s¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp„ S> A_yc|rs âNV$¡
R>¡, s¡ A_yc|rs) S>¡_y„ gnZ R>¡ A¡hu kÑp\u krls R>¡... hmu L¡$hp¡ R>¡ ? `p¡sp_p A_¡ `fÖìep¡_p„
ApL$pfp¡_¡ âL$pihp_y„ kpdÕe® lp¡hp\u (A¡V$g¡ L¡$ õh `f âL$piL$`Ï„ õhpcprhL$ R>¡ s¡dp„ `Z Å¡ `f_¡
L$pY$u _p„Mip¡ sp¡ õh S> _l] fl¡. L$pfZ L¡$ Äep„ `f_y„ âL$pi_ \pe R>¡ s¡ õh sp¡ op_ S> R>¡ = ApÐdp
S> R>¡. Ðep„ `Z âL$pi_ Np¥Z L$fhp_y„ R>¡, r_j¡ _l]; `f âL$pi_ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> op_ = ApÐdcph
= opeL$cph âpàs \pe R>¡) S>¡Z¡ kdõs ê$`_¡ âL$pi_p~„ A¡L$ê$` `Ï„ âpàs L$ey R>¡. (A\p®s¹ S>¡
kdõs ê$`_¡ âL$pi¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> - S>¡ cph = op_ i¡j fl¡ R>¡ s¡ S> op_ê$` A¡L$`Ï„
âpàs L$ey R>¡. A¡V$g¡ L¡$ op_O_`Ï„ âpàs L$ey R>¡.) Ap rhi¡jZ\u, op_ `p¡sp_¡ S> ÅZ¡ R>¡, `f_¡
_\u ÅZsy„ A¡d A¡L$pL$pf S> dp__pf_p¡, s\p `p¡sp_¡ _\u ÅZsy„ `Z `f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ A¡d A_¡L$pL$pf
S> dp__pf_p¡, ìehÃR>¡v$ \\p¡. (AÓ¡ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ L$p¡C`Z A¡L$p„s dpÞesp rS>_ds bpü R>¡
A_¡ A¡hy„ S>¡ L$\_ R>¡ L¡$ A„s¡ sp¡ A_¡L$p„s `Z kçeL$ A¡L$p„s `pdhp dpV$¡ S> R>¡ - s¡_p¡ lpv$® A¡hp¡ S>
R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ `p„Q cphê$` Æh_y„ hZ®_ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ A_¡L$p„sê$` R>¡ s¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` kçe¼ A¡L$p„s
`pdhp dpV$¡ R>¡. _rl L¡$ "ApÐdp Mf¡Mf `f_¡ ÅZsp¡ S> _\u' A\hp "L$p¡C`Z A ¡np A¡ ApÐdpdp„
fpN Ü¡j R>¡ S> _l]' hN¡f¡ A¡L$p„s âê$`ZpAp¡ê$` L¡$ S>¡ rS>_ds bpü S> NZpe R>¡)... Äepf¡ Ap
(Æh), kh® `v$p\p£_p„ õhcph_¡ âL$pihpdp„ kd\® A¡hp L¡$hmop__¡ DÐ`Þ_ L$f_pfu c¡v$op_Äep¡rs_p¡
Dv$e \hp\u, kh® `fÖìep¡\u R|>V$u v$i®_op_õhcphdp„ (AÓ¡ kh® NyZ kdS>hp) r_es h©rÑê$`
(A[õsÒhê$`) (`ep®eê$` = `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` = L$pfZiyÙ`ep®eê$`) ApÐdsÒh kp\¡
A¡L$ÐhNs`Z¡ hs£ R>¡ (dpÓ s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$f¡ R>¡) Ðepf¡ v$i®_-op_-QpqfÓdp„ (AÓ¡ kh® NyZ
kdS>hp) [õ\s lp¡hp\u eyN`v$ õh_¡ A¡L$Ðh |h®L$ ÅZsp¡ s\p õh-ê$ ¡ A¡L$Ðh |h®L$ `qfZdsp¡ (A\p®s¹
dpÓ klS> ApÐd `qfZrsê$` = `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` = L$pfZiyÙ`ep®eê$` ApÐdpdp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„'
L$fsp¡) A¡hp¡ s¡ "õhkde' (kçeÁv$i®_u R>¡) A¡d âsus L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡,... dp¡l s¡_p Dv$e A_ykpf
âh©rÑ_p Ap^u_`Zp\u, v$i®_op_õhcphdp„ r_es h©rÑê$` ApÐdsÒh\u (A\p®s¹ Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje =
L$pfZiyÙ`ep®e = `fd`pqfZprdL$cph\u) R|>V$u `f Öìe_p r_rds\u DÐ`Þ_ dp¡lfpNÜ¡jpqv$ cphp¡
kp\¡ A¡L$ÐhNs `Z¡ (A¡L$`Ï dp_u_¡) (`p„Q cphê$` Æhdp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fu_¡) hs£ R>¡ Ðepf¡.... s¡
"`fkde' R>¡ (A¡V$g¡ L¡$ rdÕepÐhu S> R>¡.)
Np\p 3 Np\p\®:- ""A¡L$Ðhr_òe_¡ âpàs S>¡ kde R>¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡Z¡ dpÓ iyÙpÐdpdp„ S> "ly„
`Ï„' L$fu_¡ kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$ey R>¡, s¡hp¡ ApÐdp) s¡ gp¡L$dp„ b ¡e ky„v$f R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡hp¡ Æh cg¡
123
_fL$dp„ lp¡e L¡$ õhN®dp„ lp¡e A\p®s¹ v$y:Mdp„ lp¡e L¡$ kyMdp„ lp¡e `f„sy s¡ ky„v$f A\p®s¹ õhdp„ [õ\s R>¡)
s¡\u A¡L$Ðhdp„ buÅ_p kp\¡ b„ _u L$\p (A\p®s¹ b„ ê$` rhcphcphp¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp„ S> rdÕepÐh_p¡
Dv$e \hp\u) rhk„hpv$-rhfp¡ L$f_pfu (A\p®s¹ k„kpfdp A_„s v$y:Mê$` am v$¡hphpmu) R>¡.'' A_¡
buSy>„, S>¡ ApÐdÖìe AÞe L$d®-_p¡L$d®ê$` yv¹$NgÖìe_u kp\¡ b„ pC_¡ fl¡g R>¡ s¡dp„ rhk„hpv$ R>¡ A\p®s¹
v$y:M R>¡, Äepf¡ s¡ S> ApÐdÖìe s¡ yv¹$NgÖìe_u kp\¡_p b„ _\u dy¼s \pe R>¡ Ðepf¡ s¡ ky„v$f R>¡ A\p®s¹
Aìepbp^ kyMu R>¡.
Np\p 4 Np\p\®:- ""kh® gp¡L$_¡ L$pdcp¡Nk„b„ u b„ _u L$\p sp¡ kp„cmhpdp„ Aphu NC R>¡
(A\p®s¹ k„kpfuS>_ s¡dp„ sp¡ M|b S> lp¢riepf lp¡e S> R>¡), `qfQedp„ Aphu NC R>¡ A_¡ A_ychdp„
`Z Aphu NC R>¡ (A\p®s¹ buÅ_¡ s¡d L$fsp„ Å¡ep R>¡ A_¡ `p¡s¡ `Z s¡ ê$` `qfZdu A_ych L$f¡g
R>¡) s¡\u kygc R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡ s¡_¡ bfp¡bf kdS>¡ R>¡ _¡ s¡_¡ S> A¡L$ dpÓ Æh__p gnê$` dp_u_¡,
s¡_u `pR>m S> v$p¡X¡$ R>¡); `Z rcß ApÐdp_y„ (A\p®s¹ c¡v$-op_¡ L$fu âpàs ""iyÙpÐdp_y') A¡L$`Ï„ lp¡hy„
L$v$u kp„cþey„ _\u (A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' = A¡L$Ðh L$fhp ep¡Áe R>¡ s¡hy„ L$v$u kp„cþey„ S> _\u),
`qfQedp„ Apìey„ _\u (A\p®s¹ hpsdp„ A\hp hp„Qhpdp„ A\hp D`v$¡idp„ Apìey„ _\u), A_¡
A_ychdp„ Apìey„ _\u (s¡\u s¡_¡ A_ycìey„ `Z _\u A\p®s¹ õhpÐdp_yc|rs `Z _\u) s¡\u A¡L$ s¡
kygc _\u.''
`p„Q C[ÞÖep¡_p S>¡ rhje R>¡ s¡dp„\u iåv$ A_¡ ê$`_¡ L$pd L$l¡hpe R>¡ s\p N„ , fk A_¡
õ`i®_¡ cp¡N L$l¡hpe R>¡, `p„Q¡ dmu_¡ L$pd-cp¡N L$l¡hpe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_p rhi¡ dp¡V$pcpN_p gp¡L$p¡_¡ fk
lp¡hp\u (L¡$ S>¡dp„ fk fpMhp S>¡hp¡ _\u) s¡_u L$\p kygc R>¡ `f„sy Ap L$pm¡ iyÙpÐdp_u hps Ars v$yg®c
R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ Ad¡ AÓ¡ (kdekpfdp„) S>Zphhp_p R>uA¡, A¡hp¡ cph R>¡ ApQpe® cNh„s_p¡ Ap Np\pdp„.
Np\p 5 Np\p\®:- ""s¡ A¡L$ÐhrhcL$s (A\p®s¹ Ac¡v$ê$` A_¡ c¡v$ê$`) ApÐdp_¡ ly„ ApÐdp_p
r_S> h¥ch hX¡$ v$¡MpXy„$ Ry>„; (A\p®s¹ S>Zphy„ Ry>„), Å¡ ly„ v$¡MpXy„$ sp¡ âdpZ (õhuL$pf) L$fhy„ A_¡ Å¡ L$p¡C
W$¡L$pZ¡ Q|L$u ÅJ sp¡ R>m (A\p®s¹ DgVy$„-rh`fus-_yL$kp_L$pfL$) _ N°lZ L$fhy„.'' A\p®s¹ Ap ip÷\u
õhÃR>„v$ N°lZ L$fu_¡ sd¡ R>¡sfpC ÅAp¡ s¡hy„ _ L$fsp„ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ õhÃR>„v$ A_„s k„kpf_y„ L$pfZ R>¡,
A¡d ApQpe® cNh„s¡ Ap Np\pdp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡.
Np\p 6 Np\p\®:- ""S>¡ opeL$ cph R>¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ op_kpdpÞeê$`, klS> `qfZd_ê$`
`fd-`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp R>¡) s¡ Aâds `Z _\u A_¡ âds `Z _\u (A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ kh®
rhi¡j cphp¡_p¡ Acph R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ kpdpÞeop_dpÓ cph A\p®s¹ NyZp¡_p klS>`qfZd_ê$`
kpdpÞecph S> R>¡ L¡$ S>¡dp„ rhi¡j_p¡ Acph S> lp¡e R>¡), -A¡ fus¡ A¡_¡ iyÙ L$l¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ hs®dp_dp„
kdekpf A_ykpf kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje124
iyÙ _ lp¡hp„ R>sp„ s¡_p¡ S>¡ kpdpÞecph R>¡ s¡ rÓL$pmu iyÙ lp¡hp_p„ L$pfZ¡ s¡_¡ iyÙ L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡);
hmu S>¡ opeL$`Z¡ S>Zpep¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ ÅZhphpmp¡ R>¡) s¡ sp¡ s¡ S> R>¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ ÅZhp_u q¾$ep
R>¡ s¡dp„\u ârstbbê$` o¡e A\p®s¹ op_pL$pf_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> opeL$ A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`
iyÙpÐdp S>Zpe R>¡, A_ychdp„ Aph¡ R>¡; Ap S> kçeÁv$i®__u fus R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡ ÅZhphpmp¡ R>¡ s¡
S> opeL$ R>¡), buÅ¡ L$p¡C _\u.''
A\p®s¹ opeL$ buÅ¡ A_¡ ÅZhp_u q¾$ep buÆ A¡hy„ _\u A\p®s¹ opeL$ S> ÅZhpê$ ¡
`qfZd¡g R>¡; s¡\u S> ÅZ_q¾$epdp„\u op_pL$pfê$` ârstbb Np¥Z L$fsp„ S>, opeL$ lpS>fplpSy>f S>
R>¡ A\p®s¹ ApÐdpdp„\u Aâds A_¡ âds A¡ b„_¡ rhi¡jcphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> opeL$cph âpàs \pe
R>¡. |h£ Ad¡ A¡ hps rkÙ L$f¡g S> R>¡ L¡$ `ep®e opeL$cph_u S> b_¡g R>¡, A¡V$g¡ s¡dp„\u rhi¡jcph_¡
Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> opeL$ A\p®s¹ kpdpÞecph âNV$ \pe R>¡, âpàs \pe R>¡; Ap S> fus R>¡ kçeÁv$i®__u.
Np\p 6 V$uL$p:- ""S>¡ `p¡s¡ `p¡sp\u S> rkÙ lp¡hp\u (A\p®s¹ L$p¡C\u DÐ`ß \ep¡ _rl lp¡hp\u)
A_pqv$ kÑpê$` R>¡, L$qv$ rh_pi `pdsp¡ _rl lp¡hp\u A_„s R>¡, r_ÐeDÛp¡sê$` lp¡hp\u (A\p®s¹ klS>
ApÐd `qfZd_ê$` = `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` = L$pfZiyÙ`ep®eê$` lp¡hp\u) nrZL$ _\u A_¡ õ`óV$
âL$pidp_ Äep¡rs R>¡ A¡hp¡ S>¡ opeL$ A¡L$ "cph' R>¡ (A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph R>¡), s¡ k„kpf_u
Ahõ\pdp„ A_pqv$ b„ `ep®e_u r_ê$`Zp\u (A ¡np\u) nuf_uf_u S>¡d L$d® yv$Ngp¡ kp\¡ A¡L$ê$` lp¡hp
R>sp„, (A¡V$g¡ L¡$ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` Æh_p klS> `qfZd_dp„ S> bpL$u_p Qpf cph \pe R>¡ L¡$
S>¡ Ad¡ |h£ S>Zph¡g S> R>¡ A_¡ kdekpf Np\p 164-165dp„ `Z S>Zph¡g S> R>¡ L¡$- ""k„o Ap÷hp¡
L¡$ S>¡ Æhdp„ S> \pe R>¡ s¡Ap¡ Æh_p S> A_Þe `qfZpd R>¡'' = Æh S> s¡ ê$ ¡ `qfZd¡g R>¡ A\p®s¹
Æhdp„ A¡L$ iyÙ cpN-A_¡ buÅ¡ AiyÙ cpN A¡d _l] kdS>sp„, kdS>hp_y„ A¡d R>¡ L¡$ Æh Dv$e
- nep¡ id cph ê$` `qfZd¡g R>¡ A\p®s¹ Æhdp„ R|>`pe¡g õhÃR>Ðhê$` S>¡ Æh_y„ `qfZd_ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡
`fd`pqfZprdL$cph L$l¡hpe R>¡ s¡ cph S> AÞe Qpfcph_p¡ kpdpÞecph R>¡ A\p®s¹ Æhdp„ AÞe Qpf
cphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fu_¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphdp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp„ S> A¡L$ opeL$ cph A_ychpe R>¡. Ap S>
A_ych_u rhr^ R>¡. S>¡dL¡$, fpN-Ü¡jê$` `qfZd¡g Æh fpNu-Ü¡ju S>Zpsp¡ lp¡hp R>sp„ - hs®dp_dp„
s¡ ê$` lp¡hp R>sp„, s¡ fpN-Ü¡j_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> `fd`pqfZprdL$cph S>Zpe R>¡ s¡ s¡_p¡ "õh'cph R>¡
L¡$ S>¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp„ S> s¡ Æh "õhkde' = kçeÁv$i®_u \pe R>¡.) Öìe_p õhcph_u A ¡np (D`f
S>Zph¡g Öìe_p¡ "õh'cph = `fd`pqfZprdL$cph = L$pfZiyÙ`ep®e)\u Å¡hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ v$yf„s
L$jpeQ¾$_p Dv$e_u (A\p®s¹ L$jpe_p kd|l_p A`pf Dv$ep¡_u) rhrQÓsp_p hi¡ âhs®sp S>¡ yÎe-
`p`_¡ DÐ`Þ_ L$f_pf kdõs A_¡L$ê$` iyc-Aiyc cphp¡ s¡d_p õhcph¡ `qfZdsp¡ _\u. (A\p®s¹
Öìe_p¡ õhcph s¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ âdÑ `Z _\u A_¡ AâdÑ `Z _\u; s¡ dpÓ
125
A¡L$ opeL$ cphê$` R>¡) s¡\u âdÑ `Z _\u A_¡ AâdÑ `Z _\u; s¡ S> kdõs AÞeÖìep¡_p„
cphp¡\u (A\p®s¹ Æh_p Qpf cph L¡$ S>¡dp„ AÞe Öìe_y„ _¥rdrÑL$`Ï„ R>¡) rcß`Z¡ (A\p®s¹ Æh_p
Qpfcphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ „Qd cphê$` = `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`) D`pkhpdp„ Aphsp¡ "iyÙ' L$l¡hpe
R>¡. (AÓ¡ A¡ kdS>hy„ S>~fu R>¡ L¡$ fpN L$p¡C`Z A ¡npA¡ Æhdp„ _\u, hN¡f¡ê$` A¡L$p„s âê$`Zp
rS>_ds bpü R>¡. s¡\u s¡hu âê$`Zp L$fhphpmp A_¡ s¡dp„ AV$hpe¡g cp¡mp Æhp¡ = s¡d dp_hphpmp
cp¡mp Æhp¡ c°ddp„ flu_¡ Ars DÑd A¡hp¡ dp_h S>Þd A_¡ husfpN ^d® A¡m¡ Nydph¡ R>¡ A_¡
husfpNu b_hp_p¡ A¡L$ Ad|ëe Ahkf Nydph¡ R>¡.)
hmu, v$pü_p (-bmhpep¡Áe `v$p\®_p) ApL$pf¡ \hp\u Ar‚_¡ v$l_ L$l¡hpe R>¡ (A\p®s¹ op__¡
o¡epL$pf¡ `qfZdhp\u õh-`f_¡ ÅZhphpmy„ L$l¡hpe R>¡) sp¡ Z v$püL©$s AiyÙsp s¡_¡ _\u, s¡hu fus¡
o¡epL$pf \hp\u s¡ "cph' (op_pL$pf) _¡ opeL$`Ï„ ârkÙ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ op__y„ õh`f_¡ ÅZhy„ ârkÙ
R>¡) sp¡ Z o¡eL©$s AiyÙsp s¡_¡ _\u. (L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ o¡e_¡ o¡eê$ ¡ = sv$ê$ ¡ `qfZdu_¡ ÅZsy„ _\u
A\p®s¹ op__¡ o¡e kp\¡ ìepàeìep`L$ k„b„ _\u; s¡_¡ `p¡sp_p ApL$pf = op_pL$pf kp\¡ ìepàeìep`L$
k„b„ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_p\u AiyÙsp s¡_pdp„ âh¡i `pdsu _\u); L$pfZ L¡$ o¡epL$pf Ahõ\pdp„ (A¡V$g¡ L¡$ õh-
`f_¡ ÅZhp_p L$pm¡) S>¡ opeL$`Z¡ (ÅZhphpmp sfuL¡$) S>¡ S>Zpep¡ s¡ õhê$`-âL$pi__u (õhê$`
ÅZhp_u = A¡V$g¡ L¡$ s¡ o¡e_¡ op_pL$pf sfuL¡$ Å¡sp„ A_¡ s¡_¡ S> op_ê$ ¡ Å¡sp„ A\p®s¹ o¡ep¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„
S> `fd`pqfZprdL$cph A_ychpe R>¡. Afukp_p Dv$plfZ âdpZ¡ ârstbb_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S>
Afukp_y„ õhÃR>Ðh S>Zpe R>¡, s¡hu) Ahõ\pdp„ `Z, v$uhp_u S>¡d, L$sp®-L$d®_y„ A_Þe`Ï„ lp¡hp\u
(A¡V$g¡ L¡$ S>¡ õhÃR>Ðhê$` `qfZd_ = `fd`pqfZprdL$ê$` = op_kpdpÞe = r_[ó¾$ecph R>¡ L¡$ S>¡
õh`f_¡ ÅZhphpmp rhi¡jcph_p¡ S> kpdpÞecph R>¡, dpV$¡ Å¡ `f_p„ ÅZhp_p¡ r_j¡ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡
sp¡ s¡ õhÃR>Ðh_p¡ = cNhp_ ApÐdp_p r_j¡ ê$` `qfZdi¡ A_¡ kdÄep hNf r_j¡ L$fhphpmp„
c°d_¡ = c°rds v$ip_¡ `pdi¡ A_¡ Ap Ad|ëe d_yóe S>Þd A_¡ husfpN_y„ ipk_ dþey„ s¡ ìe\®
Nydphi¡. A\p®s¹ S>¡ ÅZhphpmp¡ R>¡ s¡) opeL$ S> R>¡ - `p¡s¡ ÅZ_pfp¡ dpV$¡ `p¡s¡ L$sp® A_¡ `p¡sp_¡
ÅÎep¡ dpV$¡ `p¡s¡ S> L$d®...'' [AÓ¡ õh-`f_y„ ÅZhy„ A¡ cNhp_ ApÐdpdp„ S>hp_u kuX$u ê$ ¡ v$ip®h¡g
R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ õ\|g\u S> k|ÿddp„ S>hpe A\p®s¹ âNV$\u S> AâNV$dp„ S>hpe A\p®s¹ ìe¼s\u S>
Aìe¼sdp„ S>hpe A¡ S> r_ed R>¡. L$pfZ L¡$ opeL$ S> `p¡s¡ ÅZ_pfp¡ R>¡. ÅZhy„ A_¡ opeL$
(ÅZ_pf)_¡ A_Þe`Ï„ bsphu_¡ ÅZhy„ (ârstbb) Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> opeL$ (ÅZ_pf) S>Zpe R>¡
dpV$¡ kuX$u ê$` R>¡.]''
cphp\®dp„ „qX$s S>eQ„v$Æ S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡$ ""....'opeL$' A¡hy„ _pd `Z s¡_¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp_¡
= Ö[óV$_p rhje_¡ = `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` ApÐdp_¡) o¡e_¡ ÅZhp\u Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ L$pfZ
kdekpf A_ykpf kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje126
L¡$ o¡e_y„ ârstbb Äepf¡ TmL¡$ R>¡ Ðepf¡ op_dp„ s¡hy„ S> A_ychpe R>¡. sp¡ Z o¡eL©$s AiyÙsp
s¡_¡ _\u L$pfZ L¡$ S>¡hy„ o¡e op_dp„ ârscprks \ey„ s¡hp¡ opeL$_p¡ S> A_ych L$fsp„ (o¡e_¡
Np¥Z L$fsp„ Ðep„) opeL$ S> R>¡. "Ap ly„ ÅZ_pfp¡ Ry>„ s¡ ly„ S> Ry>„, AÞe L$p¡C _\u' A¡hp¡ `p¡sp_¡
`p¡sp_p¡ Ac¡v$ê$` A_ych \ep¡ Ðepf¡ A¡ ÅZhpê$` q¾$ep_p¡ L$sp® `p¡s¡ S> R>¡ A_¡ S>¡Z¡ ÅÎey„
s¡ L$d® `Z `p¡s¡ S> R>¡. [AÓ¡ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ "ApÐdp Mf¡Mf `f_¡ ÅZsp¡ _\u' A¡hu
hpsp¡ L$fu_¡ ApÐdpdp„ S>hp_p¡ fõsp¡ (kuX$u) b„ L$fu_¡ iy„ dmi¡? dpÓ c°d S> dmi¡, L$pfZ
`f_¡ ÅZhp_p¡ r_j¡ L$fsp„ ÅZ_pf_p¡ S> r_j¡ \pe R>¡.] Aphp¡ A¡L$ opeL$`ZpdpÓ (ÅZhphpmp¡)
`p¡s¡ iyÙ R>¡ - Ap iyÙ_e_p¡ rhje R>¡. (AÓ¡ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ â\d S>¡ "Ö[óV$_p rhje'
rhi¡ S>Zpìey„ s¡d `ep®e\u frls Öìe - A¡V$g¡ L¡$ ârstbb\u frls A¡V$g¡ L¡$ ârstbb_¡ Np¥Z
L$fsp„ S> Ðep„ ÅZ_pf ê$ ¡ opeL$ S> lpS>f R>¡, s¡ S> Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje R>¡. s¡ S> `fd`pqfZprdL$cph
R>¡, s¡ S> L$pfZiyÙ`ep®e R>¡. s¡ S> L$pfZiyÙ`fdpÐdp R>¡. s¡ S> kdekpfê$` ÆhfpÅ R>¡. A¡V$g¡
Al]ep L$p¡C S> cp¥rsL$ R>uZu_u S>~f _\u L$pfZ L¡$ ApÐdp Ac¡v$ - AM„X$ R>¡. A¡dp„\u L$p„C
S> _uL$m¡ s¡d _\u A_¡ Å¡ L$pY$hp_u L$p¡rij \i¡ sp¡ ApÐdp `p¡s¡ S> _uL$mu S>i¡ A\p®s¹ ApÐdp_p¡
S> gp¡ \i¡. A_¡ L$pY$_pf `p¡s¡ ApL$pi_p awg_u dpaL$ c°ddp„ S> fpQi¡ s¡\u Al]ep âopê$`u
R>uZu_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fu_¡ = L$sL$amê$` by[Ý^ |h®L$ s¡ ârstbbê$` A\p®s¹ Dv$e nep¡ idê$` cphp¡_¡
Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> Ðep„ kpnps iyÙpÐdpê$` `fd`pqfZprdL$cph lpS>f S> R>¡. Ap S> kçeÁv$i®__u
rhr^ R>¡, L¡$ S>¡ ApQpe® cNh„s¡ A_¡ „qX$sÆA¡ Np\p-6dp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡.)''
„qX$sÆ ApNm S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡ ""$....Al] A¡d `Z ÅZhy„ L¡$ rS>_ds_y„ L$\_ õepÜpv$ê$` R>¡
s¡\u AiyÙ_e_¡ kh®\p AkÐep\® _ dp_hp¡; (AÓ¡ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ |h£ S>Zpìep A_ykpf Np\p
: 164-165dp„ cphp÷hp¡_¡ Æh\u A_Þe L$üp R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u L$fu_¡ "Æhdp„ L$p¡C`Z A ¡npA¡ fpN
\sp¡ _\u' S>¡hu âê$`ZpAp¡ rS>_ds bpü R>¡) L$pfZ L¡$ õepÜpv$ âdpZ¡ iyÙsp A_¡ AiyÙsp - b„_¡
hõsy_p ^d® R>¡ A_¡ hõsy d® R>¡. s¡ hõsy_y„ kÐh R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡ hõsy S> R>¡ = ApÐdp S> R>¡) (AÓ¡
kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ Np\p : 164-165dp„ S>Zpìep A_ykpf fpN-Ü¡jê$` `qfZpd \pe sp¡ ApÐdpdp„
S> R>¡ - ApÐdp S> A¡ ê$ ¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡. A_¡ A¡ `qfZd__u lpS>fudp„ `Z fpN-Ü¡j_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„
S> s¡dp„ R|>`pe¡g `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` = kdekpfê$` = L$pfZiyÙ`ep®eê$` ApÐdp lpS>f S> R>¡);
AiyÙsp `fÖìe_p k„ep¡N\u \pe R>¡ A¡ S> a¡f R>¡... AiyÙ_e_¡ AkÐep\® L$l¡hp\u A¡d _ kdS>hy„
L¡$ ApL$pi_p awg_u S>¡d s¡ hõsy d® kh®\p S> _\u. (A\p®s¹ S>¡d R>¡ s¡d kdS>hy„ A\p®s¹ s¡ R>¡, `Z
s¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> opeL$ lpS>f S> R>¡, AÞe\p) A¡d kh®\p A¡L$p„s kdS>hp\u rdÕepÐh R>¡ (AÓ¡
„qX$sÆA¡ A¡L$p„s âê$`Zp L$fsp„ gp¡L$p¡_¡ kph^p_ L$ep® R>¡) dpV$¡ õepÜpv$_y„ ifZ gC iyÙ_e_y„ Apg„b_
127
L$fhy„ (A\p®s¹ Æh_¡ `p„Q cphê$` ÅZu Qpf cph Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> kçe¼ A¡L$p„sê$` iyÙr_òe_e_p¡
rhje A¡hp¡ iyÙpÐdp = `fd`pqfZprdL$cph âNV$ \pe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_y„ Apg„b_ L$fhy„) Å¡CA¡.....''
Np\p 7 Np\p\®:- ""op_u_¡ QpqfÓ, v$i®_, op_-A¡ ÓZ cph ìehlpf\u L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡
(A\p®s¹ op_u_¡ A¡L$ dpÓ Ac¡v$cphê$` "iyÙpÐdpdp„' S> "ly„ `Ï„' lp¡hp\u, S>¡ `Z rhi¡j cphp¡ R>¡
A_¡ S>¡ `Z c¡v$ê$` cphp¡ R>¡ s¡ ìehlpf L$l¡hpe R>¡); r_òe\u op_ `Z _\u, QpqfÓ `Z _\u, v$i®_
`Z _\u (A\p®s¹ r_òe\u L$p¡C c¡v$ iyÙpÐdpdp„ _\u, s¡ A¡L$ Ac¡v$ kpdpÞecphê$` lp¡hp\u s¡dp„
c¡v$ê$`cphp¡ A_¡ rhi¡jcphp¡ A¡ b„_¡ cphp¡ _\u), op_u sp¡ A¡L$ iyÙ opeL$ S> R>¡.'' A\p®s¹
iyÙr_òe_e_p¡ rhje dpÓ Ac¡v$ A¡hp¡ iyÙpÐdp S> R>¡.
Np\p 7 V$uL$p:- ""..... L$pfZ L¡$ A_„s ^dp£hpmp A¡L$ ^d}dp„ (A\p®s¹ c¡v$\u kdÆ_¡
Ac¡v$ê$` A_yc|rsdp„) S>¡ r_óZps _\u A¡hp r_L$V$hs} rióeS>__¡, ^d}_¡ Ap¡mMph_pfp L¡$V$gpL$
^dp£ hX¡$ (A\p®s¹ c¡v$p¡ hX¡$), D`v$¡i L$fsp ApQpep£_p¡- Å¡L¡$ ^d® A_¡ ^d}_p¡ õhcph\u Ac¡v$ R>¡ sp¡
`Z _pd\u c¡v$ D`Åhu (Ac¡v$ Öìedp„ Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e A¡d c¡v$ D`Åhu) ìehlpfdpÓ\u S>
A¡hp¡ D`v$¡i R>¡ L¡$ op_u_¡ v$i®_ R>¡, op_ R>¡, QpqfÓ R>¡. `f„sy `fdp\®\u (A\p®s¹ hpõshdp„) Å¡hpdp„
Aph¡ sp¡ A_„s `ep®ep¡_¡ A¡L$ Öìe `u Ney„ lp¡hp\u S>¡ A¡L$ R>¡... (A\p®s¹ S>¡ Öìe ÓZ¡ L$pm¡ s¡ s¡
`ep®eê$` `qfZdsy„ lp¡hp R>sp„ `p¡sp_y„ Öìe`Ï„ R>p¡X$éy„ _\u - S>¡d L¡$ dpV$u OV$, t`X$ ê$ ¡ `qfZdhp
R>sp„ dpV$u`Ï„ R>p¡X$su _\u A_¡ v$f¡L$ `ep®edp„ s¡ dpV$u`Ï„ ìepàe-ìep`L$ k„b„ \u R>¡ dpV$¡ `ep®e
A_„su lp¡hp R>sp„ s¡ Öìe sp¡ A¡L$ S> R>¡.)...A¡L$ iyÙ opeL$ S> R>¡.''
Np\p 8 Np\p\®:- ""S>¡d A_pe® (çg¡ÃR>) S>__¡ A_pe®cpjp rh_p L$p„C `Z hõsy_y„ õhê$`
N°lZ L$fphhp L$p¡C kd\® _\u s¡d ìehlpf rh_p `fdp\®_p¡ D`v$¡i L$fhp L$p¡C kd\® _\u. (A\p®s¹
rdÕepÐhu_¡ c¡v$ê$` ìehlpfcpjp hNf hõsy_y„ õhê$` kdÅhhp L$p¡C kd\® _\u, s¡\u Ac¡v$ sÒhdp„
AgN-AgN âL$pf¡ c¡v$ê$` ìehlpf L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡, S>¡d L¡$- Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e, op_-v$i®_-QpqfÓ,
DÐ`pv$-ìee- °yh, 47 ir¼s hN¡f¡, s¡ dpÓ kdÅhhp dpV$¡ R>¡; _l] L¡$ A_ychhp L$pfZ A_ych sp¡
e\p\® A¡hp Ac¡v$ ApÐdp_p¡ S> lp¡e R>¡ = \pe R>¡. A\p®s¹ `fdpr\®L$ ApÐdpdp„ L$p¡C S> c¡v$ _ kdS>hp
A_¡ Äep„ ky u c¡v$dp„ lip¡ Ðep„ ky u Ac¡v$_p¡ A_ych _l] S> \pe L$pfZ L¡$ c¡v$ sp¡, ìehlpfê$`-
D`QpfdpÓ Aop_u_¡ õhê$` N°lZ L$fphhp `pX¡$g R>¡, Mf¡Mf R>¡ _l].)''
Np\p 11 Np\p\®:- ""ìehlpf_e Ac|sp\® R>¡ (A\p®s¹ D`f S>Zpìep A_ykpf c¡v$ê$`
ìehlpf Ac|sp\® R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ S>¡ c¡v$dp„ S> fd¡ R>¡ s¡ ¼epf¡e kçeÁv$i®__p rhjeê$` Ac¡v$ Öìe_p¡
A_ych L$fu S> iL$sp¡ _\u A_¡ buSy>„, r_òe\u Öìe Ac¡v$ lp¡hp\u S>¡ c¡v$ D`Åhu_¡ L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡
kdekpf A_ykpf kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje128
R>¡, s¡hp„ ìehlpfê$`-D`Qpfê$` c¡v$p¡ Apv$fZue _\u A\p®s¹ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fhp ep¡Áe _\u, s¡\u Ac|sp\®
R>¡) A_¡ iyÙ_e c|sp\® R>¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙ_e_p¡ rhje Ac¡v$ê$` ""iyÙpÐdp' R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡
rhje lp¡hp\u Apv$fZue R>¡ - c|sp\® R>¡) A¡d Fjuíhfp¡A¡ v$ip®ìey„ R>¡, S>¡ Æh c|sp\®_p¡ (A\p®s¹
iyÙpÐdp_p¡) Apîe L$f¡ R>¡ s¡ Æh r_òe\u kçeÁÖ[óV$ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ L$p¡C`Z Æh Ac¡v$ê$` iyÙpÐdpdp„
S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fu_¡ A_¡ s¡_y„ S> A_ych_ L$fu_¡ kçeNÖ[óV$ \C iL¡$ R>¡ AÞe\p _rl.
Np\p 11 V$uL$p:- ""ìehlpf_e b^p¡e Ac|sp\® lp¡hp\u (c¡v$ê$` ìehlpf L¡$ S>¡ dpÓ ApÐdp_p
õhê$`_y„ N°lZ L$fphhp lõsphg„b_ê$` ÅZu_¡ â~àep¡ R>¡ s¡) ArhÛdp_, AkÐe, Ac|s A\®_¡
âNV$ L$f¡ R>¡. (A¡V$g¡ L¡$ S>¡hp¡ Ac¡v$ ApÐdp R>¡ s¡hp¡ s¡_p\u A\p®s¹ ìehlpf ê$` c¡v$\u hZ®hpsp¡
_\u).... Ap hps ×óV$p„s\u bsphuA¡ R>uA¡:- (ÖóV$p„sdp„ Æh_¡ = ApNdp¡dp„ hZ®ìep A_ykpf
`p„Qcph krls bsphu s¡dp„\u D`pv$¡e A¡hp¡ Æh L¡$ S>¡ Qpfcphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> „Qdcphê$` =
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` = Ö[óV$_p rhjeê$` âNV$ \pe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ "kdekpf' S>¡hp ApÝep[ÐdL$ ip÷_p¡
âpZ R>¡ s¡_¡ N°lZ L$fph¡ R>¡.) S>¡d âbm L$pv$h_p dmhp\u (âbm Dv$e-nep¡ id cph krls)
S>¡_p¡ klS> A¡L$ r_d®mcph (`fd`pqfZprdL$cph) rsfp¡c|s (ApÃR>pqv$s) \C Nep¡ R>¡ A¡hp S>m_p¡
A_ych L$fph_pf (Aop_u) y{$jp¡ - S>m A_¡ L$pv$h_p¡ rhh¡L$ _l] L$f_pf OZp sp¡, s¡_¡ (S>m_¡ =
Æh_¡) drg_ S> A_ych¡ R>¡ (Dv$e nep¡ id ê$` S> A_ych¡ R>¡); `Z L¡$V$gp„L$ (op_u) `p¡sp_p
lp\\u _pM¡gp L$sL$am (r_d®mu Ap¥jr^ = by[Ý^ê$`u-âopR>uZu)_p `X$hpdpÓ\u D`S>¡gp S>m-
L$pv$h_p rhh¡L$`Zp\u (A¡V$g¡ L$pv$h S>mdp„ lp¡hp R>sp„ S>m_¡ õhÃR> A_ychu iL$_pf = ApÐdp
hs®dp_dp„ Dv$e, nep¡ id ê$ ¡ `qfZd¡g lp¡hp R>sp„ s¡dp„ Ry>`pA¡g A¡V$g¡ L¡$ Dv$e A_¡ nep¡ id
cph_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> S>¡ cph âNV$ \pe R>¡ s¡ A\p®s¹ Dv$e A_¡ nep¡ id cph S>¡_p¡ b_¡g R>¡ s¡
A\p®s¹ A¡L$ klS> ApÐd `qfZd_ê$`-`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` ApÐdp_¡), `p¡sp_p y{$jp\® Üpfp
Aprhc|®s L$fhpdp„ Aph¡gp klS> A¡L$ r_d®mcph`Zp_¡ (`fd`pqfZprdL$cph_¡) gu ¡, s¡_¡ (S>m_¡
= ApÐdp_¡) r_d®m S> A_ych¡ R>¡, A¡hu fus¡ âbm L$d®_p dmhp\u S>¡_p¡ klS> A¡L$ opeL$cph
(`fd`pqfZprdL$cph) rsfp¡c|s \C Nep¡ R>¡ A¡hp ApÐdp_p¡ A_ych L$f_pf y{$jp¡ (Aop_uAp¡) -
ApÐdp A_¡ L$d®_p¡ rhh¡L$ _rl L$f_pfp, ìehlpf\u rhdp¡rls ùv$ehpmpAp¡ sp¡, s¡_¡ (ApÐdp_¡) S>¡dp„
cphp¡_y„ rhïhê$``Ï„ (A_¡L$ê$``Ï„) âNV$ R>¡ A¡hp¡ A_ych¡ R>¡, `Z c|sp\®v$i}Ap¡ (iyÙ_e_¡
v$¡M_pfpAp¡ = op_uAp¡) `p¡sp_u by[Ý^\u _p„M¡gp iyÙ_e (âopR>uZu) A_ykpf bp¡ \hpdpÓ\u
D`S>¡gp ApÐdp-L$d®_p rhh¡L$`Zp\u (c¡v$op_\u), `p¡sp_p y{$jp\® Üpfp Aprhc|®s L$fhpdp„ Aph¡gp
klS> A¡L$ opeL$cph`Zp_¡ (`fd`pqfZprdL$cph_¡) gu ¡ s¡_¡ (ApÐdp_¡) S>¡dp„ A¡L$ opeL$cph
(`fd`pqfZprdL$cph) âL$pidp_ R>¡ A¡hp¡ A_ych¡ R>¡....''
129
cphp\®dp„ „qX$sÆA¡ kdÅh¡gy„ R>¡ L¡$- Æh_¡ "S>¡d R>¡ s¡d' kh®_e\u r_Z®e L$fu kçe¼
A¡L$p„sê$` iyÙ ÅZhp¡ ('ly„'`Ï„ L$fhy„), _l] L¡$ A¡L$p„s¡ A`qfZpdu A¡hp¡ iyÙ ÅZhp¡. s¡\u sp¡
rdÕepv$i®__p¡ S> âk„N Aph¡ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ rS>_hpZu õepÜpv$ê$` R>¡. âep¡S>_hi _e_¡ dy¿e - Np¥Z
L$fu_¡ L$l¡ R>¡ S>¡dL¡$ drg_ `ep®e_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> iyÙcphê$` `fd`pqfZprdL$cph lpS>f S> R>¡, _l]
L¡$ `ep®e_¡ cp¥rsL$ fus¡ AgN L$fu_¡. L$pfZ Ac¡v$ Öìedp„ cp¥rsL$ fus¡ `ep®e_¡ AgN L$fhp_u ìehõ\p
S> _\u s¡\u rhcphcph_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> (`ep®e frls_y„ Öìe) `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` Ac¡v$-AM„X$
ApÐdp_y„ N°lZ \pe R>¡, Ap S> kçeÁv$i®__u rhr^ R>¡.
Np\p 12 Np\p\®:- ""`fdcph_p (iyÙpÐdp_p) v$¡M_pfpAp¡_¡ (A_ych_pfpAp¡_¡) sp¡ iyÙ
(ApÐdp) _p¡ D`v$¡i L$f_pf iyÙ_e ÅZhpep¡Áe R>¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙ_e_p rhjeê$` iyÙpÐdp_p¡ S>
Apîe L$fhp ep¡Áe R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡_p Apîe\u S> î¡Zu dp„X$u _¡ s¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh Opsu L$dp£_p¡
_pi L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ L¡$hmu \pe R>¡), hmu S>¡ Æhp¡ A`fdcph¡ [õ\s R>¡ (A\p®s¹ rdÕepÐhu R>¡)
s¡Ap¡ ìehlpf Üpfp (A\p®s¹ c¡v$ê$` ìehlpfÜpfp hõsy õhê$` kdÅhu sÒhp¡_p¡ r_Z®e L$fphhp)
D`v$¡i L$fhp ep¡Áe R>¡.''
cphp\®dp„ „qX$s S>eQ„v$Æ S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡$- ""S>¡ L$p¡C Æh L¡$ S>¡ A`fdcph¡ [õ\s R>¡ (Aop_u
R>¡) s¡ ìehlpf R>p¡X¡$ (c¡v$ê$` A_¡ ìehlpf ^d®ê$` b„_¡) A_¡ s¡_¡ kpnps¹ iyÙp¡ ep¡N_u âp[às sp¡ \C
_\u (A\p®s¹ r_òe kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ \e¡g _\u) s¡\u DgV$p¡ Aiyc D`ep¡Ndp„ S> Aphu, c°óV$ \C,
Nd¡ s¡d õh¡ÃR>pê$ ¡ (õhÃR>„v$¡) âhs£ sp¡ _fL$pqv$ Nrs s\p `f„ fp r_Np¡v$_¡ âpàs \C k„kpfdp„ S>
c°dZ L$f¡ R>¡.''
AÓ¡ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ ApÐdp Aop_ Ahõ\pdp„ 24 L$gpL$ L$d®_p¡ b„ L$f¡ S> R>¡ S>¡\u L$fu_¡
L$~Zph„s ApQpe® cNh„sp¡A¡ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$ Äep„ ky u sÒh_p¡ r_Z®e A_¡ A_ych _ \pe Ðep„ ky u
s¡_p„ S> gn¡ (iyÙ_p S> A¡L$ dpÓ gn¡) r_ed\u iycdp„ S> fl¡hp S>¡hy„ R>¡ _l] L¡$ Aiycdp„ L$pfZ
L¡$ Aiyc\u sp¡ v$¡h-ip÷-Ny{ ê$` k„ep¡N dmhp `Z L$qW$_ \C Åe A¡d R>¡. Ap hpsdp„ S>¡_p¡ rhfp¡
lp¡e s¡ Ad_¡ dpa L$f¡ L$pfZ L¡$ Ap hps Ad¡ L$p¡C`Z `n frls-r_ó`ncph¡ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ kh£
ApQpe® cNh„sp¡A¡ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡ A_¡ Äep„-Äep„ (S>¡ `Z Np\pAp¡dp„) Ap hpsp¡_p¡ kh®\p r_j¡
L$fhp_y„ S>Zph¡g R>¡ s¡ A¡L$ dpÓ iyÙcph_p¡ gn L$fphhp S>Zph¡g R>¡; _l] L¡$ Aiyc cphdp„ fdhp
dpV$¡ A_¡ dyr_fpS>_¡ R>Ì$p NyZõ\p_L¡$ Ap hps_p¡ r_j¡ kpsdp NyZõ\p_ê$` Ac¡v$ ApÐdp_yc|rsdp„
[õ\f \C ApNm h^u_¡ L¡$hmop_ A_¡ dp¡n d¡mhhp S>Zph¡g R>¡, _l] L¡$ R>Ì$p NyZõ\p_L¡$ klS>
lp¡sp iyc_p¡ r_j¡ L$fu_¡ _uQ¡ `pX$hp-A\p®s¹ Arhfrs A\hp Aop_u \hp.
kdekpf A_ykpf kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje130
Ap\u kh£ dydynyS>_p¡_¡ Ap hps e\p\® - "S>¡d R>¡ s¡d' kdS>hu AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡; A\p®s¹
kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ Alp¡cph dpÓ dpÓ iyÙsp_p¡ S> lp¡hp¡ Å¡CA¡, iyc_p¡ _l] S> `Z Äep„ ky u
iyÙê$ ¡ _\u `qfZdsp¡ Ðep„ ky u fl¡hp_y„ sp¡ r_ed\u iycdp„ S>.
ïgp¡L$ 4:- ""r_òe A_¡ ìehlpf - A¡ b¡ _ep¡_¡ rhje_p c¡v$\u `fõ`f rhfp¡ R>¡, A¡
rhfp¡ _¡ _pi L$f_p~„ "õeps' `v$\u rQ[Þls S>¡ rS>_ cNhp__y„ hQ_ (hpZu) s¡dp„ S>¡ y{jp¡ fd¡ R>¡
(âQyf âurs krls Aæepk L$f¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ bß¡ _e_p¡ `n R>p¡X$u_¡ dÝeõ\ fl¡ R>¡) s¡ y{$jp¡ `p¡sp_u
d¡m¡ (AÞe L$pfZ rh_p) rdÕepÐhL$d®_p Dv$e_y„ hd_ L$fu_¡ Ap Arsieê$` `fdÄep¡rs âL$pidp_
iyÙ ApÐdp_¡ syf„s v$¡M¡ S> R>¡. (A\p®s¹ L$p¡Z v$¡M¡ R>¡ ? sp¡ L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ "õeps' hQ_p¡dp„ fdsp¡ y{$j _l]
L¡$ A¡L$p„s_p¡ ApN°lu y{j A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$ S>¡ kçe¼ A¡L$p„s ê$` lp¡hp R>sp„ ApN°lsp¡ A¡L$p„s_p¡ _
S> lp¡e, âê$`Zp A¡L$p„s_u _ S> lp¡e. âê$`Zp S>¡d R>¡ s¡d õeps¹ hQ_p¡ ê$ ¡ S> lp¡e.) L¡$hp¡ R>¡
kdekpfê$` iyÙ ApÐdp ? _hu_ DÐ`Þ_ \ep¡ _\u, `l¡gp„ L$d®\u ApÃR>pqv$s lsp¡ s¡ âNV$ ìer¼sê$`
\C Nep¡ R>¡. (A\p®s¹ `l¡gp„ S>¡ Aop_u_¡ Dv$e-nep¡ idê$ ¡ A_ychpsp¡ lsp¡ s¡ S> lh¡ op_u_¡
Dv$e-nep¡`idcphp¡ Np¥Z \C S>sp„ = L$fsp„ S> kdekpfê$` = `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` =
`fdÄep¡rsê$` âNV$ \pe R>¡ = S>Zpe R>¡ = A_ychpe R>¡ = ìer¼sê$` \pe R>¡) hmu L¡$hp¡ R>¡ ? kh®\p
A¡L$p„sê$` Ly$_e_p `n\u M„qX$s \sp¡ _\u, r_bp® R>¡. (A\p®s¹ S>¡Ap¡ kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡ kh®\p
A¡L$p„s_e_u âê$`Zpdp„ fpQ¡ R>¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ iyÙpÐdp L$v$u S> âpàs \pe s¡hp¡ _\u A¡d S> AÓ¡ S>Zph¡g
R>¡.)''
ïgp¡L$ 5:- Np\p 11 A_¡ 12 _¡ S> ÖY$ L$fph¡ R>¡, L¡$ S>¡ c¡v$ê$` ìehlpf_e R>¡ s¡ Aop_u_¡
dpÓ kdÅhhp dpV$¡ R>¡, `f„sy s¡d c¡v$ê$` ApÐdp R>¡ _l]. dpV$¡ Apîe sp¡ Ac¡v$ ê$` ApÐdp_p¡ =
iyÙpÐdp_p¡ L¡$ S>¡dp„ `fÖìep¡\u \sp„ cphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$f¡g R>¡, s¡_p¡ S> L$fhp_p¡ R>¡. s¡ ApÐdp S> D`pv$¡e
R>¡ A\p®s¹ Öìe-`ep®eê$` c¡v$ A\hp `ep®e_p r_j¡ ê$` c¡v$_p¡ S>¡Ap¡ Apîe L$f¡ R>¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ Ac¡v$
ApÐdp_p¡ AZkpf `Z Aphsp¡ _\u A\p®s¹ s¡Ap¡ c¡v$dp„ S> fd¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡Ap¡ rhL$ë`dp„ S> fd¡ R>¡
A_¡ c¡v$_p¡ S> Apv$f L$f¡ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡Ap¡_¡ r_j¡ rh_p_p¡ Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje S> dpÞe lp¡sp¡ _\u, Aphu
R>¡ L$~ZpS>_L$ `qf[õ\rs.
ïgp¡L$ 6:- AÓ¡ ApQpe® cNh„s S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ _h sÒh_u `qf`pV$u R>¡ s¡_¡ R>p¡X$u_¡ (A\p®s¹
Np¥Z L$fu_¡) Å¡sp-s¡ cph_¡ A_ychsp„ S> ApÐdp âpàs \pe R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 7:- dp„ ApQpe® cNh„s Np\p 13_p¡ S> cph ìe¼s L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$ _h sÒhdp„ ìepá A¡hu
ApÐdÄep¡rs (A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph) _h sÒhp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> A¡L$ AM„X$ ApÐdÄep¡rs
(A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph) âpàs \pe R>¡.
131
Np\p 13 Np\p\®:- ""c|sp\® _e\u ÅZ¡g (A\p®s¹ Ac¡v$ A¡hp iyÙ_e\u ÅZ¡g) Æh,
AÆh hmu yÎe, `p` s\p Apöh, k„hf, r_S>®fp, b„ A_¡ dp¡n -A¡ _hsÒh kçe¼Ðh R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ Ac¡v$ A¡hp iyÙ_e\u S>¡ A¡d ÅZ¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap kh£ _hsÒhê$` `qfZd¡g Æh rhi¡j
A ¡npA¡ _hsÒhê$` cpk¡ R>¡, `Z Ac¡v$ iyÙ_e Üpfp Ap _hsÒh S>¡_p b_¡gp R>¡ s¡ A¡L$ dpÓ
kpdpÞecphê$` A\p®s¹ Ac¡v$ iyÙÆhÐhcphê$` "iyÙpÐdp' S> R>¡ A_¡ s¡hu fus¡ S>¡ _hsÒh_¡ ÅZ¡
R>¡ s¡_¡ S> kçeÁv$i®_ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ S> kçe¼Ðh R>¡; Ap Np\p "kdekpf'_p kpfê$ ¡ R>¡. kh®
Ar^L$pfp¡_p¡ Dëg¡M Ap Np\pdp„ L$fu kh£ Ar^L$pfp¡_p kpfê$ ¡ kçeÁv$i®_ ê$` ApÐdp_y„ õhê$`
kdÅh¡g R>¡.
Np\p 13 V$uL$p:- ""Ap Æhpqv$ _h sÒhp¡ c|sp\®_e\u ÅÎe¡ kçeÁv$i®_ S> R>¡. ( A¡ r_ed
L$üp¡) (c|sp\®_e\u A¡V$g¡ L¡$ Ac¡v$_e\u = Ap Æhpqv$ _h sÒhp¡ê$ ¡ ApÐdp S> `qfZd¡ R>¡ s¡\u s¡
_h sÒhp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> iyÙpÐdp_u âp[às \pe R>¡ = kçeÁv$i®_ \pe R>¡); L$pfZ L¡$ su\®_u
(ìehlpf^d®_u) âh©rÑ A\£ Ac|sp\® (ìehlpf) _e\u (Ap _h sÒhp¡) L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ (A¡V$g¡ L¡$
S>¡ Æh A`fdcph¡ [õ\s R>¡ - Aop_u R>¡ s¡_¡ çg¡ÃR>_u cpjpdp„ A¡V$g¡ L¡$ ApNd_u cpjpdp„ Æh_¡
Dv$e-D`id-nep¡ id-npreL$-`pqfZprdL$ A¡hp `p„Q cphê$ ¡ âê$`hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡) A¡hp Ap _h
sÒhp¡-S>¡d_p gnZ Æh, AÆh, yÎe, `p`, Ap÷h, k„hf, r_S>®fp, b„ A_¡ dp¡n R>¡-s¡d_pdp„
A¡L$`Ï„ âNV$ L$f_pf c|sp\®_e\u A¡L$`Ï„ âpàs L$fu (A\p®s¹ s¡ kh£ sÒhp¡ ê$ ¡ S>¡ ApÐdp `qfZd¡g
R>¡ s¡ bpü r_rdÑ_p cph A\hp Acph\u `qfZd¡g R>¡ s¡ _h sÒhp¡ê$` `qfZd¡g A¡hp ApÐdpdp„
rhi¡j cphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S>, A¡L$ Ac¡v$ A¡hp¡ klS> `qfZd_ê$` ApÐdp L¡$ S>¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`
R>¡ = kdekpfê$` R>¡ s¡ âpàs \pe R>¡ s¡_¡ âpàs L$fsp„ S>), iyÙ_e`Z¡ õ\`pe¡gp ApÐdp_u
A_yc|rs-L¡$ S>¡_y„ gnZ ApÐd¿eprs R>¡-s¡_u âp[às lp¡e R>¡ (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ê$` - kdekpfê$`
ApÐdp_u âp[às lp¡e R>¡.) (A\p®s¹ iyÙ_e\u _hsÒh_¡ ÅZhp\u ApÐdp_u A_yc|rs \pe R>¡ s¡
l¡sy\u Ap r_ed L$üp¡). Ðep„, rhL$pfu \hp ep¡Áe (ApÐdp) A_¡ rhL$pf L$f_pf (L$dp£)-A¡ b„_¡ yÎe
R>¡..., L$pfZ L¡$ A¡L$_¡ S> (ApÐdp_¡) `p¡sp_u d¡m¡ (õhcph\u) yÎe, `p`, Ap÷h, k„hf, r_S>®fp,
b„ , dp¡n_u D``rÑ (rk[Ý^-s¡ cphê$` ApÐdp_y„ `qfZdhy„) b_su _\u. s¡ b„_¡ Æh (cphL$d®)
A_¡ AÆh (ÖìeL$d®) R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡ båb¡dp„ A¡L$ Æh R>¡ _¡ buSy>„ AÆh R>¡).
bpü (õ\|g) Ö[óV$\u Å¡CA¡ sp¡:- Æh- yv$Ng_p A_pqv$ b„ `ep®e_u kdu` S>C_¡ A¡L$`Z¡
A_ych L$fsp„ Ap _h sÒhp¡ c|sp\® R>¡, kÐep\® R>¡, (A¡V$g¡ L¡$ ApNddp„ r_~r`s `p„Q cph ey¼s
Æhdp„ Ap _h sÒhp¡ c|sp\® R>¡, kÐep\® R>¡), A_¡ A¡L$ ÆhÖìe_p õhcph ('õh'_p¡ cph = "õh'_y„
kdekpf A_ykpf kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje132
klS>`qfZd_ê$`cph = `fd`pqfZprdL$cph = L$pfZiyÙ`ep®e = L$pfZiyÙ `fdpÐdpê$`cph)_u
kdu` S>C_¡ A_ych L$fsp„ s¡Ap¡ Ac|sp\® R>¡. AkÐep\® R>¡. ('kdekpf' S>¡hp AÝepÐd N°„\dp„
r_~r`s iyÙpÐdpê$` Æhdp„ s¡Ap¡ Ac|sp\® R>¡, AkÐep\® R>¡.) (Æh_p„ A¡L$pL$pf õhê$`dp„ s¡Ap¡ _\u)
s¡\u Ap _h sÒhp¡dp„ c|sp\®_e\u A¡L$ Æh S> âL$pidp_ R>¡...'' Ap S> Np\p_p„ cph ïgp¡L$ 8dp„
rhi¡j ê$ ¡ kdÅh¡g R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 8:- ""Ap fus¡ _h sÒhp¡dp„ OZp L$pm\u Ry>`pe¡gu Ap ApÐdÄep¡rs_¡ (A\p®s¹
ApÐdp_p Dv$e-nep¡ idê$` S>¡ cphp¡ R>¡ s¡ kh£ Æhp¡_¡ A_pqv$_p lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ Æh Aop_u R>¡
s¡, s¡ S> cphp¡dp„ fd¡ R>¡ R>sp„ `Z v$f¡L$ Æhdp„ A_pqv$\u `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` Ry>`pe¡gu
ApÐdÄep¡rs dp¥S|>v$ S> lp¡e R>¡, lpS>f S> lp¡e R>¡. dpÓ Dv$e-nep¡ idê$` cphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fu_¡ s¡_y„
gn L$fsp„ S> s¡ âpàs \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ _hsÒh_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S>, S>¡ kpdpÞe ÆhÐhcph i¡j fl¡
R>¡ s¡ ÓZ¡ L$pm¡ iyÙ lp¡hp\u L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$ _hsÒhdp„ OZp„ L$pm\u Ry>`pe¡gu ApÐdpÄep¡rs_¡), S>¡d hZp£_p
kd|ldp„ Ry>`pe¡gp A¡L$pL$pf kyhZ®_¡ blpf L$pY$¡ s¡d (A\p®s¹ AiyÙpÐdpdp„\u AiyrÙ _¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S>,
s¡dp„ Ry>`pe¡g A¡L$pL$pf = Ac¡v$ iyÙpÐdp kpnps¹ \pe R>¡ s¡d), iyÙ_e\u (A\p®s¹ D`f L$üp âdpZ¡
AiyÙ cphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S>) blpf L$pY$u âNV$ L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. dpV$¡ lh¡ l¡ cìe Æhp¡ ! l„d¡ip
Ap_¡ AÞe Öìep¡\u (A\p®s¹ yv¹$Ngê$` L$d®-_p¡L$d®\u) s\p s¡d_p\u \sp„ _¥rdrÑL$ cphp¡\u(A\p®s¹
Ap¥v$reL$ cphp¡\u) rcß (A\p®s¹ Ad¡ |h£ S>¡ b¡ âL$pf¡ c¡v$op_ L$fhp_y„ S>Zpìey„ R>¡ s¡d); A¡L$ê$` v$¡Mp¡.
Ap (Äep¡rs = `fd`pqfZprdL$cph), `v$¡-`v$¡ A\p®s `ep®e¡ `ep®e¡ A¡L$ê$` rQÐQdÐL$pfdpÓ DÛp¡sdp_
R>¡. (A\p®s¹ v$f¡L$ `ep®edp„ |Z® Æh ìe¼s \sp¡ S> lp¡hp\u A\p®s¹ `ep®edp„ |Z® Öìe lp¡hp\u S> Apd
S>Zph¡g R>¡. A\p®s¹ `ep®e S> hs®dp_ Æh Öìe R>¡, A¡d S>¡ Ad¡ |h£ S>Zph¡g R>¡ s¡ S> kdS> AÓ¡
ÖY$ \pe R>¡.)''
AÓ¡ A¡ kdS>hy„ S>~fu R>¡ L¡$ ApNd A_¡ AÝepÐddp„ S>fpe rhfp¡ _\u L$pfZ L¡$ ApNd\u
Æh_y„ õhê$` "S>¡d R>¡ s¡d' kdÆ_¡ A\p®s¹ Æh_¡ kh£ _e\u ÅZu_¡ AÝepÐdê$` iyÙ_e hX¡$ N°lZ
L$fsp„ S> kçeÁv$i®_ ê$` ApÐdÄep¡rs âNV$ \pe R>¡, âpàs \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ `ep®edp„ rhi¡jcph_¡ Np¥Z
L$fsp„ S> A¡L$ê$`-Ac¡v$ê$` rQÐQdÐL$pfdpÓ Äep¡rs A\p®s¹ kpdpÞecphê$` `fd`pqfZprdL$cph
lpS>f S> R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp„ õhpÐdp_yc|rs âNV$ \C iL¡$
R>¡; Ap S> kçeÁv$i®__u fus R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 9:- ""ApQpe® iyÙ_e_p¡ A_ych L$fu L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$-Ap kh® c¡v$p¡_¡ Np¥Z L$f_pf S>¡ iyÙ_e
(A¡V$g¡ L¡$ Æhdp„ c¡v$ê$`-Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e-DÐ`pv$-ìee- °yh A\hp Dv$e-D`id-nep¡ idê$`
133
cphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fu_¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`, kdekpfê$` iyÙ_e)_p¡ rhjec|s Q¥sÞe-QdÐL$pfdpÓ
(op_dpÓ = `fd`pqfZprdL$cphdpÓ) s¡S>: y„S> ApÐdp, s¡_p¡ A_ych \sp„ _ep¡_u gÿdu Dv$e
`pdsu _\u, (A\p®s¹ kh£ _ep¡ rhL$ë`ê$` S> R>¡ Äepf¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph kh£ rhi¡jcph frls
lp¡hp\u A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ L$p¡C S> rhL$ë` _ lp¡hp\u s¡dp„ _ep¡-r_n¡ p¡-õh-`fê$` cphp¡ _\u. Ðep„ dpÓ
A¡L$ Ac¡v$cphdp„ S> "ly„'`Ï„ R>¡, s¡\u) âdpZ Aõs_¡ âpàs \pe R>¡. A_¡ r_n¡ p¡_p¡ kd|l ¼ep„ S>sp¡
fl¡ R>¡ s¡ Ad¡ ÅZsp„ _\u. Ap\u Ar^L$ iy„ L$luA¡? Ü¥s S> ârscprks \sy„ _\u. (õhpÐdp_yc|rs_p
L$pmdp„ dpÓ ly„_p¡ S> Ap_„v$-h¡v$_ lp¡e R>¡ Ðep„ õh-`f ê$` L$p¡C Ü¥s lp¡sy„ S> _\u.)''
ïgp¡L$ 10:- ""iyÙ_e ApÐdp_p õhcph_¡ âNV$ L$fsp¡ ('õh'_p ch_ ê$` = õh_y„ klS>
`qfZd_ê$` = `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` âNV$ L$fsp¡) Dv$eê$` \pe R>¡. s¡ ApÐdõhcph_¡ L¡$hp¡ âNV$
L$f¡ R>¡ ? (A¡V$g¡ L¡$ s¡ âNV$ L$f¡gp¡ ApÐdõhcph L¡$hp¡ R>¡ ?) `fÖìe, `fÖìe_p„ cphp¡ s\p `fÖìe_p„
r_rdÑ\u \sp„ `p¡sp_p rhcphp¡-A¡hp `fcphp¡\u rcß L$f¡ R>¡. (A\p®s¹ `fÖìesp¡ âNV$ rcß R>¡ s¡\u
s¡_u kp\¡ s¡_p gnZ\u c¡v$op_ L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ `fÖìe_p„ r_rdÑ\u \sp„ `p¡sp_p S>¡ rhcphp¡ R>¡ s¡
Æhê$` R>¡ s¡\u s¡ rhcphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ rhcphp¡dp„ R|>`pe¡gu ApÐdÄep¡rs_¡ dy¿e L$f¡ R>¡) hmu
s¡, ApÐdõhcph kdõs`Z¡ |Z® R>¡-kdõs gp¡L$pgp¡L$_¡ ÅZ_pf R>¡-A¡d âNV$ L$f¡ R>¡; (AÓ¡
kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ `fd`pqfZprdL$ cph ê$` ApÐdp_y„ A¡V$g¡ L¡$ op__y„ gnZ-op__p¡ õhcph
ârstbb ê$ ¡ `f_¡ TmL$phhp_p¡ R>¡ s¡ ârstbb_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> Ðep„ Afukp_u S>¡d õhÃR>Ðhê$`
`qfZd_ lpS>f S> R>¡ A_¡ op__p¡ õhcph gp¡L$pgp¡L$_¡ TmL$phhp_p¡ R>¡ s¡\u L$fu_¡ S> s¡ "op_' _pd
`pd¡ R>¡ AÞe\p _rl. s¡ o¡eê$` TgL$__¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> Ðep„ op_dpÓê$` = `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`
= opeL$ lpS>f S> R>¡. s¡\u L$fu "ApÐdp Mf¡Mf `f_¡ ÅZsp¡ S> _\u' A¡hu âê$`Zp L$fu_¡ ApÐdp_p„
gnZ_p¡ Acph L$fhp\u ApÐdp_p¡ S> Acph \pe R>¡.) hmu s¡, ApÐdõhcph_¡ Apqv$-A„s\u frls
âNV$ L$f¡ R>¡ (`fd`pqfZprdL$cph s¡ ApÐdp_p¡ A_pqv$ A_„s "õh' ch_ ê$` "õh'cph R>¡ A_¡ s¡
rÓL$pm iyÙ lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ Apqv$-A„s\u frls L$üp¡ R>¡) hmu s¡ ApÐdõhcph_¡ A¡L$-kh® c¡v$cphp¡\u
(Ü¥scphp¡\u) frls A¡L$pL$pf-âNV$ L$f¡ R>¡. (kh® âL$pf_p c¡v$ê$`cphp¡ S>¡hp L¡$ - Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e,
op_-v$i®_-QpqfÓ, r_j¡ ê$` õh-`fê$` cphp¡\u frls âNV$ L$f¡ R>¡.) A_¡ S>¡dp„ kdõs k„L$ë`-
rhL$ë`_p kd|lp¡ rhge \C Nep R>¡ A¡hp¡ âNV$ L$f¡ R>¡. (A\p®s¹ Dv$e, nep¡ id cphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„
S> `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` ApÐdpdp„ L$p¡C S> k„L$ë`-rhL$ë`, _e-âdpZ-r_n¡ p¡ hN¡f¡ fl¡sp„ S>
_\u-A¡hp¡ ApÐdp âNV$ L$f¡ R>¡.) Aphp¡ iyÙ_e âL$piê$` \pe R>¡.''
Np\p 14 Np\p\®:- ""S>¡ _e ApÐdp_¡ b„ frls _¡ `f_p õ`i® frls, AÞe`Zp frls,
QmpQmsp frls, rhi¡j frls (A\p®s¹ rhi¡j_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> S>¡ A¡L$ kpdpÞecphê$` A\p®s¹
kdekpf A_ykpf kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje134
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` Æh R>¡ s¡ A\p®s¹ AÞe_p gn¡ \hp hpmp kh£ cphp¡ L¡$ S>¡ rhi¡j R>¡, s¡_p\u
frls S> lp¡e R>¡), AÞe_p k„ep¡N frls - A¡hp `p„Q cphê$` v$¡M¡ R>¡ s¡_¡, l¡ rióe! sy„ iyÙ_e ÅZ.''
A\p®s¹ S>¡d Ad¡ |h£ kdÅìey„ s¡d kh£ `fÖìe s\p `fÖìe_p gn\u \hphpmp ApÐdp_pcphp¡\u
(s¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fu_¡) c¡v$op_ L$fhp\u iyÙ_eê$` A\p®s¹ Ac¡v$ A¡hp¡ „Qdcphê$` kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
âpàs \pe R>¡.
Np\p 14 V$uL$p:- ""r_òe\u AbÙ-Aõ ©óV$ (ApÐdp_p Dv$e, D`id, nep¡ id A_¡
npreL$ A¡hp Qpf cphp¡\u AbÙ-Aõ ©óV$), A_Þe (R>sp„ ApÐdp_p `qfZd_ = `ep®e\u A_Þe
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` = L$pfZiyÙ`ep®eê$`), r_es (r_ed\u NyZp¡_p `qfZd_ê$`), Arhi¡j
(S>¡dp„ rhi¡jê$` Qpf¡e cphp¡_p¡ Acph R>¡ A¡hp¡, kpdpÞe `qfZd_ê$`-klS> `qfZd_ê$`) A_¡
Ak„ey¼s (L¡$ S>¡ D`f L$üp s¡hp Qpf cphp¡\u k„ey¼s _\u - s¡ Qpf cphp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> iyÙ_e_p¡
ApÐdp âpàs \pe R>¡ s¡hp¡ Ak„ey¼s) A¡hp ApÐdp_u S>¡ A_yc|rs s¡ iyÙ_e R>¡, A_¡ A¡ A_yc|rs
ApÐdp S> R>¡, A¡ fus¡ ApÐdp A¡L$ S> âL$pidp_ R>¡...''
ïgp¡L$ 11:- ""S>Ns_p âpZuAp¡ A¡ kçe¼ õhcph_p¡ A_ych L$fp¡ L¡$ Äep„ Ap bÙõ ©óV$ Apqv$
cphp¡ (D`f L$üp„ s¡ Qpf cphp¡) õ`óV$`Z¡ s¡ õhcph D`f sf¡ R>¡ (A¡V$g¡ L¡$ s¡ cphp¡ \pe R>¡ sp¡
ApÐdp_p `qfZpddp„ S> A\p®s¹ ApÐdpdp„ S>) sp¡ `Z (s¡Ap¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphdp„) ârs›$p `pdsp
_\u, L$pfZ L¡$ Öìeõhcph (Öìeê$` ApÐdp_p "õh'_y„ ch_ê$` "õh'cph) sp¡ r_Ðe R>¡ (A¡V$g¡ L¡$ A¡hp¡
_¡ A¡hp¡ S> \pe R>¡), A¡L$ê$` R>¡ (A_Þeê$` R>¡, Ac¡v$ R>¡ Ðep„ L$p¡C c¡v$ _\u) A_¡ Ap cphp¡ (A¡V$g¡
L¡$ AÞe Qpf cphp¡) Ar_Ðe R>¡, A_¡L$ê$` R>¡, `ep®ep¡ (Qpf cphê$` `ep®ep¡-rhcphcph) Öìe
õhcphdp„ âh¡i L$fsp _\u, D`f S> fl¡ R>¡ (s¡ Qpf cph `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` Öìeõhcphdp„
âh¡i `pdsp„ S> _\u L$pfZ L¡$ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` Öìeõhcph kpdpÞecphê$` R>¡ s¡\u s¡dp„
rhi¡jcph_p¡ sp¡ Acph S> lp¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ rhi¡jcphp¡ Öìe õhcphdp„ âh¡i L$fsp _\u, D`f S>
fl¡ R>¡) Ap iyÙ õhcph ('õh'_p ch_ê$` = `fd`pqfZprdL$cph) kh® Ahõ\pAp¡dp„ âL$pidp_
R>¡. (ApÐdpdp„ ÓZ¡L$pm R>¡ A¡V$g¡ S> rÓL$pmu iyÙ cphp¡ L$l¡hpe R>¡) A¡hp iyÙ õhcph_p¡, dp¡l frls
\C_¡ S>Ns A_ych L$fp¡; L$pfZ L¡$ dp¡lL$d®_p Dv$e\u DÐ`ß rdÕepÐhê$` Aop_ Äep„ ky u fl¡ R>¡
Ðep„ ky u A¡ A_ych e\p\® \sp¡ _\u.''
ïgp¡L$ 12:- ""Å¡ L$p¡C kyby[Ý^ (A¡V$g¡ L¡$ S>¡_¡ sÒhp¡_p¡ r_Z®e \ep¡ R>¡ s¡hp¡ L¡$ S>¡ kçeÁv$i®_
`pdhp_u |h®_u `ep®ep¡dp„ [õ\s R>¡ s¡hp¡) c|s, hs®dp_ A_¡ cprh A¡hp ÓZ¡ L$pm_p (L$dp£_p) b„ _¡
`p¡sp_p ApÐdp\u sÐL$pm-iuO° rcß L$fu_¡ (A\p®s¹ L$dp£ê$`u yv$Ngp¡_¡ `p¡sp\u rcß ÅZu-S>X$ ÅZu
`p¡sp_¡ Q¡s_ê$` A_ychu_¡) s\p s¡ L$d®_p Dv$e_p r_rdÑ\u \e¡g rdÕepÐh (Aop_)_¡ `p¡sp_p
135
bm\u ( y{$jp\®\u) fp¡L$u_¡ A\hp _pi L$fu_¡ (D`f ïgp¡L$ 11dp„ S>Zpìep âdpZ¡ Qpf cphp¡_¡ Np¥Z
L$fu_¡, `p¡sp_¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` A_ychsp„ S> rdÕepÐh D`id, nep¡ id A\hp ne_¡ `pd¡
R>¡ A\p®s¹ `p¡sp_¡ rÓL$pmu iyÙ cphê$` = `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` ÅZhp/A_ychhpê$` y{$jp\® L$f¡
A\p®s¹) A„sf„Ndp„ Aæepk L$f¡ - v$¡M¡ sp¡ Ap ApÐdp `p¡sp_p A_ych\u S> S>Zphpep¡Áe S>¡_p¡ âNV$
drldp R>¡ A¡hp¡ ìe¼s (A_ychNp¡Qf), °yh (r_òg), ipïhs, r_Ðe L$d®L$g„L$-L$v$®d\u frls
(`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`) A¡hp¡ `p¡s¡ õsyrs L$fhp ep¡Áe v$¡h rhfpS>dp_ R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 13:- ""A¡ fus¡ S>¡ |h®L$r\s iyÙ_eõhê$` ApÐdp_u A_yc|rs R>¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp_u
A_yc|rs R>¡) s¡ S> Mf¡Mf op__u A_yc|rs R>¡ A¡d ÅZu_¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ ApÐdp_u A_yc|rs R>¡ s¡
S> op__u A_yc|rs R>¡, s¡ b„_¡dp„ L$p¡C S> c¡v$ _\u) s\p ApÐdpdp„, ApÐdp_¡ r_òm õ\p`u_¡
(A\p®s¹ s¡ iyÙpÐdp_y„ r_òm-A¡L$pN° Z¡ Ýep_ L$fu_¡) "kv$p kh® sfa A¡L$ op_O_ ApÐdp R>¡' A¡d
v$¡Mhy„.'' A\p®s¹ S>¡ iyÙpÐdp R>¡ s¡_¡ op_ A ¡npA¡ op_O_, op_dpÓ, op_kpdpÞe, hN¡f¡ A_¡L$
_pdp¡\u Ap¡mMpe R>¡, AÓ¡ rhi¡j A¡V$gy„ S> L¡$ S>¡ NyZ\u iyÙpÐdp_¡ Å¡hpdp„ Aph¡ s¡ NyZde S>
|Z® Z¡ iyÙpÐdp S>Zpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdpdp„ L$p¡C c¡v$ S> _\u.
Np\p 15 Np\p\®:- ""S>¡ y{$j ApÐdp_¡ AbÙõ ©óV$ (A\p®s¹ L$p¡C`Z Ås_p b„ hNf_p¡
iyÙ A_¡ S>¡dp„ kh® rhcphcph AÐe„s Np¥Z \C Ne¡g lp¡hp\u, rhcphcph\u _rl õ`ip®e¡gp¡ A¡hp¡
L¡$ S>¡_¡ kçe¼ A¡L$p„sê$` `Z L$l¡hpe R>¡ s¡hp¡), A_Þe (s¡ `p¡s¡ r_f„sf `p¡sp_p ê$`dp„ S> `qfZdsp¡
lp¡hp\u AÞeê$` _rl \sp¡ A\p®s¹ s¡_p kh® NyZp¡_p klS> `qfZd_ey¼s `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`),
Arhi¡j (A\p®s¹ kh® rhi¡j S>¡dp„ Np¥Z \C Nep lp¡hp\u, dpÓ kpdpÞeê$` A\p®s¹ S>¡ Ap¥v$¡reL$pqv$ Qpf
cphp¡ R>¡ s¡ rhi¡j R>¡ `f„sy Ap `fd-`pqfZprdL$cphê$` „Qdcph kpdpÞecphê$` lp¡hp\u rhi¡j
frls lp¡e R>¡. S>¡d Ap`Z¡ |h£ Å¡ey„ s¡d, s¡ rhi¡jcphp¡ kpdpÞe_p„ S> b_¡gp lp¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ Æh
A¡L$ `pqfZprdL$cphê$` S> lp¡e R>¡, `f„sy rhi¡jdp„ S>¡ L$d®_p Dv$er_rdÑ¡ cphp¡ \pe R>¡, s¡ A ¡npA¡
s¡ `pqfZprdL$cph S> Ap¥v$reL$ hN¡f¡ _pd `pd¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ Ap¥v$reL$pqv$ cphp¡_p¡ kpdpÞe A\p®s¹
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphdp„ Acph lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ Arhi¡j) v$¡M¡ R>¡ s¡ kh® rS>_ipk__¡ v$¡M¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹
S>¡Z¡ A¡L$ ApÐdp ÅÎep¡ s¡Z¡ kh® ÅÎey„) - L¡$ S>¡ rS>_ipk_, bpü-Öìe îys s¡d S> Aæe„sf-
op_ê$` cphîyshpmy„ R>¡.''
Np\p 17-18 Np\p\®:- ""S>¡d L$p¡C ^__p¡ A\} y{$j (s¡d L$p¡C ApÐdp_p¡ A\} y{$j)
fpÅ_¡ ÅZu_¡ îÙp L$f¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ ÆhfpÅê$` iyÙpÐdp_¡ ÅZu_¡ îÙp L$f¡ R>¡), Ðepfbpv$ s¡_y„
âeÐ_ |h®L$ A_yQfZ L$f¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡ iyÙpÐdp_p¡ âeÐ_ |h®L$ A_ych L$fhp_p¡ y{jp\® L$f¡ R>¡)
A\p®s¹ ky„v$f fus¡ k¡hp L$f¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡_y„ S> hpf„hpf d__-tQs_-Ýep_-A_ych_ L$f¡ R>¡), A¡hu
kdekpf A_ykpf kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje136
S> fus¡ dp¡n_u BÃR>phpmpA¡ Æhê$`u fpÅ_¡ ÅZhp¡, `R>u A¡ fus¡ S> s¡_y„ îÙp_ L$fhy„ A_¡ Ðepf bpv$
s¡_y„ A_yQfZ L$fhy„ A\p®s¹ A_ych hX¡$ sÞde \C S>hy„.''
Np\p 35 Np\p\®:- ""S>¡d gp¡L$dp„ L$p¡C y{$j `fhõsy_¡ "Ap `fhõsy R>¡' A¡d ÅZ¡ Ðepf¡ A¡hy„
ÅZu_¡ `fhõsy_¡ ÐepN¡ R>¡, s¡hu fus¡ op_u kh® `fÖìep¡_p cphp¡_¡, "Ap `fcph R>¡' s¡d ÅZu_¡
s¡d_¡ R>p¡X¡$ R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ |h£ Å¡ey„ s¡d `f _p gn¡ \sp„ `p¡sp_p cphdp„ op_u_¡ "ly„ `Ï„' _ lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ R>p¡X¡$
R>¡ A¡d L$l¡hpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ `fgn¡ \sp„ cph_¡ op_u `p¡sp_u _bmpC kdS>¡ R>¡ A_¡ L$p¡C`Z Æh
`p¡sp_u _bmpC_¡ `p¡jhp CÃR>¡ _rl S>, s¡d op_u `Z s¡ `fgn¡ \sp„ cphp¡_¡ CÃR>sp¡ _\u A_¡
s¡\u S> s¡_p\u R|>V$hp_p âeÐ_p¡ Apv$f¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ ir¼s A_ykpf QpqfÓ N°lZ L$f¡ R>¡; Aphy„ R>¡
S>¥_rkÙp„s_y„ A_¡L$p„sde op_.
Np\p 36 Np\p\®:- ""A¡d ÅZ¡ L¡$, "dp¡l kp\¡ dpfp¡ L$p„C `Z k„b„ _\u, A¡L$ D`ep¡N
R>¡ s¡ S> ly„ Ry>„' (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®__p rhjedp„ dp¡lê$` rhcphcph _rl lp¡hp\u, Äepf¡ op_u
iyÙpÐdpdp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$f¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ s¡ dpÓ s¡V$gp¡ S> R>¡ s¡_¡ L$p¡C rhcphcph kp\¡ L$p¡C k„b„
_\u A\p®s¹ s¡_¡ A¡L$ dpÓ kpdpÞe D`ep¡Nê$` opeL$cphdp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' lp¡hp\u, s¡_p¡ Ðepf¡ dp¡l
kp\¡ L$p¡C k„b„ _\u, A¡L$ iyÙpÐdp R>¡ s¡ S> ly„ Ry>„) - A¡hy„ S>¡ ÅZhy„ s¡_¡ rkÙp„s_p A\hp
õh`f_p õhê$`_p ÅZ_pfp dp¡l\u r_d®dÐh L$l¡ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ op_u_¡ dp¡ldp„ "ly„ Ï„' A_¡ "dpfp`Ï„'
_\u, s¡\u op_u_¡ r_d®dÐh R>¡.
Np\p 38 Np\p\®:- ""v$i®_op_QpqfÓê$` `qfZd¡gp¡ ApÐdp (A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`
klS> v$i®_-op_-QpqfÓê$` `qfZd_ L$fsp¡ cph L¡$ S>¡ iyÙpÐdp R>¡, s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp¡ A¡hp¡
kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh) A¡d ÅZ¡ R>¡ L¡$:- r_òe\u ly„ A¡L$ Ry>„ (A\p®s¹ s¡ Ac¡v$_p¡ S> A_ych L$f¡ R>¡), iyÙ
Ry>„ (A\p®s¹ A¡L$ dpÓ iyÙpÐdpdp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' lp¡hp\u ly„ iyÙ Ry>„ A¡d A_ych¡ R>¡), v$i®_op_de Ry>„
(A\p®s¹ dpÓ ÅZhp-Å¡hp hpmp¡ S> Ry>„), kv$p Aê$`u Ry>„ (A\p®s¹ L$p¡C`Z ê$`u Öìedp„ A_¡ s¡_p \L$u
\sp„ cphp¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' _rl lp¡hp\u `p¡sp_¡ dpÓ Aê$`u S> A_ych¡ R>¡); L$p„C `Z AÞe `fÖìe
`fdpÏ dpÓ `Z dp{„$ _\u A¡ r_òe R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 32:- ""Ap op_kdyÖ cNhp_ ApÐdp (A\p®s¹ op_dpÓ iyÙpÐdp) rhc°dê$` ApX$u
Qpv$f_¡ kd|mNu Xy$bpX$u v$C_¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙ_e¡ L$fu, kh® rhcphcph_¡ AÐe„s Np¥Z L$fu, `ep®e_¡
Öìedp„ A„sN®s L$fu g¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ iyÙÖìepepr\®L$_e¡ L$fu iyÙpÐdpdp„ S> Ö[óV$ L$fu_¡) `p¡s¡ khp¯N
âNV$ \ep¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ A¡hp¡ iyÙpÐdp_p¡ A_ych \ep¡ R>¡); s¡\u lh¡ Ap kdõs gp¡L$ (A\p®s¹
137
kdõs rhL$ë`ê$` gp¡L$-rhcphê$` gp¡L$) s¡_p„ ip„s fkdp„ (A\p®s¹ AtsrÖe Ap_„v$ê$` A_yc|rsdp„)
A¡L$ukp\¡ S> AÐe„s d‚ \pAp¡ (A\p®s¹ `p¡sp_¡ r_rh®L$ë` A_ych¡ R>¡ s¡) L¡$hp¡ R>¡ ip„s fk (A\p®s¹
AtsrÖe Ap_„v$)? kdõs gp¡L$ `e¯s DR>mu flep¡ (A\p®s¹ Adp`, A_lv$, DÐL©$óV$) R>¡.'' Aphu
R>¡ ApÐdp_u A_yc|rs L¡$ S>¡ Ad¡ A_¡L$h¡mp A_ychuA¡ R>uA¡ A_¡ s¡ kh£ dydynyS>_p¡_¡ âpàs
\pe A¡d CÃR>uA¡ R>uA¡.
Ap fus¡ kçeÁv$i®__u rkrÙ \sp„, Al] S> kdekpf y~„ \B Åe R>¡; lh¡ `R>u_p¡ S>¡
rhõspf R>¡ s¡ sp¡ dpÓ rhõspf~rQ Æhp¡_¡, rhõspf\u Ap S> "iyÙpÐdp'dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fphu _¡,
kçeÁv$i®__u âp[às A\£, rhõspf\u c¡v$op_ kdÅh¡g R>¡. A\p®s¹ Ap Æh A_pqv$\u S>¡ _h
sÒhp¡ê$` AgN AgN h¡i¡ `qfZdu_¡ A_¡ `fdp„ L$sp®cph_¡ `p¡ju_¡ R>¡sfpe R>¡, s¡ R>¡sfpdZ_¡ R>su
L$fu_¡, s¡ R>¡sfpdZ v$|f L$fphhp dpV$¡ OZp„ rhõspf\u, kh£ cphp¡ kp\¡ c¡v$op_ L$fph¡g R>¡. L$p¡CA¡ A¡d
_ kdS>hy„ L¡$ _h sÒhê$` cphp¡ A¡L$p„s¡ Æh_p _\u A\p®s¹ Ap _h sÒhê$` cphp¡ R>¡ sp¡ Æh_p S>
`f„sy s¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fhp gpeL$ Ap cphp¡ _\u, s¡ A ¡npA¡ s¡_¡ Æh_p _\u A¡d L$ley„ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡
s¡ fus¡ S> kdS>hy„ Ars AphíeL$ R>¡; Å¡ L$p¡C A¡L$p„s¡ A¡d L$l¡ L¡$ Ap _h sÒhp¡ê$` cphp¡ dpfp cph
S> _\u, sp¡ s¡ c°dê$` `qfZdu_¡ A_„s k„kpf h^pf_pf b_i¡. s¡\u L$fu S>¡ A ¡npA¡ Äep„ S>¡ L$ley„
lp¡e s¡ S> A ¡np\u Ðep„ s¡ kdS>hy„ A_¡ s¡d S> ApQfhy„ AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡, AÞe\p sp¡ õhÃR>„v$¡
c°dê$` `qfZdu_¡ `p¡sp_¡ op_u dp_sp¡ s¡ Æh `p¡sp_y„ A_¡ AÞe A_¡L$_y„ Arls L$fsp¡, `p¡s¡ sp¡ c°óV$
R>¡ S> A_¡ AÞe A_¡L$p¡_¡ `Z c°óV$ L$fi¡.
kdekpf A_ykpf kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje138
37
kdekpf_p Ar^L$pfp¡_y„ rhl„Nphgp¡L$_
lh¡ Ad¡ rhõspf~rQ Æhp¡ dpV$¡ kdekpf ip÷_p kh£ Ar^L$pfp¡_y„ rhl„Nphgp¡L$_ L$fuiy„;
S>¡dp„ kh£ Ar^L$pfp¡_p¡ dpÓ kpf S> S>Zphuiy„, dpV$¡ rhõspf~rQ Æhp¡A¡ D`fp¡¼s |h®f„Ndp„ rhõspf\u
S>Zph¡g cph A_ykpf A_¡ kh£ Ar^L$pfp¡_p AÓ¡ S>Zph¡g kpf A_ykpf s¡ kh£ Ar^L$pfp¡_p¡ Aæepk
L$fhp¡, AÞe\p _rl A\p®s¹ õhÃR>„v$¡ _rl L$pfZ L¡$ õhÃR>„v$ S> Ap`Zp AÐepf ky u_p A_„s k„kpf_y„
L$pfZ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_¡ lh¡ `R>u ¼epf¡e `p¡jhp¡ _rl A¡hu Adpfu kh£ S>_p¡_¡ _d° rh_„rs R>¡.
1. Æh AÆh Ar^L$pf :- Ap Ar^L$pf Æh_¡, AÆhê$` L$d®-_p¡L$d® A_¡ s¡_p„ gn¡ \sp„
`p¡sp_p rhcphcphp¡\u c¡v$op_ L$fphhp A\£ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ kh£ cphp¡ S>¡hpL¡$- fk, N„ , õ`i®, ifuf,
k„õ\p_, k„l__, fpN, Ü¡j, dp¡l, rdÕepÐh, L$d®, `ep®rá, hN®, hN®Zp, õ` ®L$p¡, AÝepÐdõ\p_,
A_ycpNõ\p_, d_-hQ_ L$pep_p„ ep¡Np¡, b„ õ\p_p¡, Dv$eõ\p_p¡, dpN®Zp, [õ\rsb„ õ\p_,
k„L$g¡i õ\p_p¡, rhiyrÙõ\p_p¡, Æhõ\p_p¡ hN¡f¡ Æh_¡ _\u, A¡d L$ley„ R>¡; AÓ¡ âï_ \pe L¡$ s¡ cphp¡
Æh_¡ L¡$d _\u?
DÑf- s¡ cphp¡ b¡ âL$pf_p R>¡, A¡L$ sp¡ yv¹$Ngê$` R>¡ A_¡ buÅ Æh_p rhi¡jcphê$` R>¡; s¡dp„
S>¡ yv¹$Ngê$` R>¡ s¡ sp¡ Æh\u âNV$ rcß S> R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ Æh_p rhi¡jcphê$` R>¡ s¡ cphp¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„'
L$fhp S>¡hy„ _ lp¡hp\u A\p®s¹ s¡ kh® cphp¡\u rcß A¡hp¡ ""iyÙpÐdp' A¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje lp¡hp_u
A ¡npA¡, iyÙpÐdpê$` ÆhfpÅdp„ Ap cphp¡ _\u, s¡d L$ley„ R>¡. Aphy„ kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$fphhp A\£
L$üy„ R>¡ AÞe\p _rl, A¡L$p„s¡ _rl, s¡\u S>¡d R>¡ s¡d kdÆ_¡ dpÓ iyÙpÐdp L¡$ S>¡ Ap kh£ cphp¡\u rcß
R>¡, s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp„, õhpÐdp_yc|rs |h®L$ kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ \C iL¡$ R>¡ A_¡ Ðepf `R>u S> op_
dÝeõ\ \sp„ A\p®s¹ âdpZê$` \sp„ S> Æh_¡ S>¡d R>¡ s¡d ÅZ¡ R>¡ A_¡ rhh¡L¡$ L$fu ApÐd[õ\fspê$`
y{$jp\® |h®L$ kh® L$d®_p¡ ne L$fhp âÐe¡ L$pe®fs \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ kh® L$d®_p¡ ne L$fhp h°s-s`-Ýep_ê$`
y{$jp\® Apv$f¡ R>¡, Ap S> dp¡ndpN® R>¡ A\p®s¹ Ap S> rhr^ R>¡ dp¡nâp[às_u.
ïgp¡L$ 43:- ""Apd |hp£L$s Sy>v$p„ gnZ_¡ gu ¡ Æh\u AÆh rcß R>¡ s¡_¡ (AÆh_¡) s¡_u
139
d¡m¡ S> rhgksy„-`qfZdsy„ op_u y{$j A_ych¡ R>¡, sp¡ `Z Aop_u_¡ Adep®v$`Z¡ a¡gpe¡gp¡ dp¡l
(A_„sp_yb„ u QsyóV$eê$`) L¡$d _pQ¡ R>¡- A¡ Ad_¡ dlp Apòe® A_¡ M¡v$ R>¡!''A\p®s¹ ApQpe®
cNh„s_¡ Aop_u D`f `fd L${Zpcph hs£ R>¡, D`S>¡ R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 44:- ""Ap A_pqv$ L$pm_p dp¡V$p Arhh¡L$_p _pV$L$dp„ A\hp _pQdp„ hZp®qv$dp_ yv¹$Ng
S> _pQ¡ R>¡ (`qfZd¡ R>¡), AÞe L$p¡C _rl (iyÙpÐdp _rl), A_¡ Ap Æhsp¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp) fpNpqv$L$
yv¹$NgrhL$pfp¡\u rhgnZ (rcß), iyÙ Q¥sÞe^psyde d|rs® (A\p®s¹ op_O_) R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ Aphp¡ Æh
S> A_ychhp_p¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ Aphp¡ Æh S> kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 45:- ""Ap âdpZ¡ op_ê$`u L$fhs_p¡ (A\p®s¹ suh°by[Ý^ \u c¡v$op_ L$fhp_p¡) S>¡
hpf„hpf Aæepk (A\p®s¹ hpf„hpf c¡v$op__p¡ Aæepk L$fhp S>¡hp¡ R>¡) s¡_¡ _Qphu_¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡_p\u
c¡v$op_ L$fu_¡) Äep„ Æh A_¡ AÆh b„_¡ âNV$`Z¡ Sy>v$p _ \ep (A\p®s¹ s¡ c¡v$op_ê$`u L$fhs\u
A\p®s¹ âopR>uZu\u S>¡hp¡ AÆhê$` L$d®-_p¡L$d® A_¡ s¡_p gn¡ \e¡g kh® cphp¡\u rcß `p¡s¡ A\p®s¹
"iyÙpÐdp' âNV$rcß R>¡, A¡hp¡ A_ych \hp\u A\p®s¹ `p¡sp_u Ap AÆhê$` L$d®-_p¡L$d® A_¡ s¡_p gn¡
\e¡g kh® cphp¡\u âNV$rcß A_yc|rs \sp„ S>) Ðep„ sp¡ opspÖìe (A\p®s¹ ÅZhphpmp¡-iyÙpÐdp),
AÐe„s rhL$pkê$` \su `p¡sp_u âNV$ (A\p®s¹ âNV$ A_yc|rsõhê$`) rQÞdpÓir¼s hX¡$ rhïh_¡ ìep`u_¡
(A\p®s¹ L©$sL©$Ðe \C_¡ AtsrÖe Ap_„v$ê$` `qfZdu_¡ A_¡ õhrhïh_¡ ìep`u_¡), `p¡sp_u d¡m¡ S>
(A\p®s¹ klS>) Ars h¡N\u DN° Z¡ A\p®s¹ AÐe„s`Z¡ âL$piu _uL$þey„ (A\p®s¹ A¡hy„ klS>
kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ \C Ney„ L¡$ S>¡ õhÐdp_yc|rsê$` ks-rQs-Ap_„v$ õhê$` R>¡).''
2. L$sp®-L$d® Ar^L$pf :- Æh_p¡ buÅ¡ h¡i L$sp®-L$d®ê$` R>¡. Æh AÞe_p¡ L$sp® \pe R>¡ L¡$
S>¡_¡ s¡ D`pv$p_ê$ ¡ `qfZdphhp_¡ ir¼sdp_ S> _\u A\p®s¹ kh£ Öìep¡ `p¡sp_p D`pv$p_\u S> `p¡sp_u
`qfZsu L$f¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ `p¡sp_y„ L$pe® L$f¡ R>¡-`qfZd¡ R>¡, s¡dp„ AÞe Öìe r_rdÑ dpÓ S> lp¡e R>¡.
buSy>„, kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡ S>¡ dpÓ `p¡sp_p cph lp¡e s¡ S> A\p®s¹ "õh'cph lp¡e s¡dp„ S>
"ly„ `Ï„' L$fhp_y„ lp¡hp\u A_¡ s¡ kçeÁv$i®__p rhjeê$` "õh'cph, dpÓ kpdpÞecphê$` S> lp¡hp\u
s¡ r_[ó¾$ecph S> lp¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®__p rhjeê$` "õh'cphdp„ Dv$e-nep¡ idê$` L$sp®-
L$d®cph L¡$ S>¡ rhi¡jcph R>¡ s¡ _ lp¡hp\u, r_rdÑ s\p s¡_p gn¡ \e¡g rhi¡jcphp¡_p¡ s¡dp„ _L$pf S>
lp¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ r_rdÑ_p¡ S> _L$pf lp¡e R>¡, s¡ L$pfZ\u A_¡ s¡ A ¡npA¡ `Z r_rdÑ _¡ `fd AL$sp®
L$l¡hpe R>¡.
`f„sy Å¡ r_rdÑ _¡ L$p¡C A¡L$p„s¡ AL$sp® dp_¡ A_¡ õhÃR>„v$¡ _bmp r_rdÑp¡ _y„ S> k¡h_ L$f¡ sp¡
s¡ Æh A_„s k„kpfu \C, A_„s v$y:M_¡ âpàs \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ rhh¡L$ A¡hp¡ R>¡ L¡$- Æh kh® Mfpb
kdekpf_p Ar^L$pfp¡_y„ rhl„Nphgp¡L$_
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje140
r_rdÑp¡\u bQu_¡, ip÷ õhpÝepe hN¡f¡ kpfp r_rdÑp¡_y„ k¡h_ L$fu_¡, ÐhfpA¡ dp¡ndpN®dp„ ApNm h ¡
R>¡; _rl L¡$ A¡L$p„s¡ r_rdÑ_¡ AL$sp® dp_u_¡, õhÃR>„v$¡ kh® _bmp r_rdÑp¡_¡ k¡hsp¡, A_„s k„kpfu A\p®s¹
A_„s v$y:Mu \pe R>¡.
rhh¡L$uS>_ ÅZ¡ R>¡ L¡$ ""dpÓ r_rdÑ\u L$p„C S> \sy„ _\u A_¡ r_rdÑ hNf `Z L$p„C S> \sy„
_\u'' A\p®s¹ õh_y„ kçeÁv$i®_ê$` S>¡ `qfZd_ R>¡ s¡ dpÓ r_rdÑ dmhp\u \i¡, A¡d _rl `f„sy s¡_p
A\£ `p¡s¡ `p¡sp_p¡-D`pv$p_ ê$` y{$jp\® Apv$f¡ sp¡ S> \i¡ A\p®s¹ kh£S>_p¡A¡ kçeÁv$i®_ A\£ r_ers
hN¡f¡ L$pfZp¡ kpd¡ _ Å¡sp„, `p¡sp_p¡ y{$jp\® s¡ qv$ipdp„ ap¡fhhp¡ Ars AphíeL$ R>¡.
buSy>„, rhh¡L$u Æh kdS>¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ `p¡sp_p cphp¡ bNX¡$ R>¡ s¡, s¡hp„ r_rdÑp¡ dmsp„ bNX¡$ R>¡;
A¡d ÅZu, Mfpb r_rdÑp¡ \u s¡ r_f„sf v$|f S> fl¡hp_p¡ âeÐ_ L$f¡ R>¡, S>¡d L¡$ b°ûQe® A_¡
ApÐdÝep_ dpV$¡, cNhp_¡ A¡L$p„shpk_y„ k¡h_ L$fhp S>Zph¡g R>¡. Aphp¡ R>¡ rhh¡L$ r_rdÑ-D`pv$p_ ê$`
k„b„ _p¡, s¡\u s¡_¡ s¡ `qf ¡ndp„ S> kdS>hp¡, AÞe\p _tl; AÓ¡ kçeÁv$i®_ L$fphhp A\p®s¹ `f
D`f\u Ö[óV$ lV$phhp_¡ dpV$¡ r_rdÑ _¡ `fd AL$sp® L$üy„ R>¡, AÞe\p _tl.
ïgp¡L$ 69:- ""S>¡Ap¡ _e`n`ps_¡ R>p¡X$u (A\p®s¹ Ad¡ |h£ A_¡L$hpf S>Zpìep A_ykpf S>¡_¡
L$p¡C`Z A¡L$ _e_p¡ ApN°l lp¡e A\hp sp¡ L$p¡C ds- „\-ìer¼srhi¡jê$` `n_p¡ ApN°l lp¡e A_¡
S>¡Ap¡ s¡hp |hp®N°l-lW$pN°l R>p¡X$u iL¡$ R>¡ s¡Ap¡) õhê$`dp„ Nyá \B_¡ (A\p®s¹ õhdp„ A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdpdp„
S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fu_¡ kçeÁv$i®_ ê$` `qfZdu_¡) kv$p fl¡ R>¡ s¡Ap¡ S> (A\p®s¹ _e A_¡ `n_¡ R>p¡X¡$ R>¡
s¡hp dydyny Æhp¡ S> kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$fu iL¡$ R>¡ A_¡ s¡Ap¡ S>), S>¡d_y„ rQÑ rhL$ë`dmp¡\u frls ip„s
\ey„ R>¡ A¡hp \ep \L$p (A\p®s¹ r_rh®L$ë` ""iyÙpÐdp' _p¡ A_ych L$fsp„ \L$p), kpnps¹ Ad©s_¡ (A\p®s¹
A_yc|rsê$` Ars[ÞÖe Ap_„v$_¡) `uA¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ A_ych¡ R>¡).'' A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®__u âp[às A\£
kh£ S>_p¡A¡ _e A_¡ `n_p¡ ApN°l R>p¡X$hp S>¡hp¡ R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 90:- ""A¡ âdpZ¡ S>¡dp„ bly rhL$ë`p¡_u Åmp¡ Ap`p¡Ap` EW$¡ R>¡ A¡hu dp¡V$u _e`nL$np_¡
(_e_p ApN°l_¡-`n_¡) Ap¡m„Nu S>B_¡ (sÒhh¡v$u = kçeÁv$i®_u \B_¡) A„v$f A_¡ blpf (A\p®s¹
|Z® ApÐdpdp„) kdsp-fkê$`u A¡L$ fk S> S>¡_p¡ õhcph R>¡ A¡hp A_yc|rsdpÓ A¡L$ `p¡sp_p cph_¡
(`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` iyÙpÐdp_¡) `pd¡ R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 99:- ""AQm (A\p®s¹ ÓZ¡ L$pm¡ A¡hy„ _¡ A¡hy„ S> `qfZdsy„), ìe¼s (A_ychâÐen)
A_¡ rQÑir¼sAp¡_p kd|l_p cpf\u AÐe„s N„cuf (A\p®s¹ dpÓ op_O_ê$`) Ap op_Äep¡rs
(A\p®s¹ op_kpdpÞecphê$` opeL$ = iyÙpÐdp) A„sf„Ndp„ DN° Z¡ A¡hu fus¡ ÅÄhëedp_ \B L¡$-
ApÐdp Aop_dp„ (`f_p¡) L$sp® \sp¡ lsp¡ s¡ lh¡ L$sp® \sp¡ _\u (A\p®s¹ `f_y„ L$sp® Ï„ ^pfZ L$fsp„
141
cphdp„ A¡L$Ðh L$fsp¡ _\u) A_¡ Aop__p r_rdÑ¡ yv¹$Ng L$d®ê$` \sy„ lsy„ s¡ L$d®ê$` \sy„ _\u (A\p®s¹
Aop_ r_rdÑ¡ S>¡ b„ \sp¡ lsp¡ s¡, Aop_ S>sp„ S>, s¡_p r_rdÑ¡ \sp¡ b„ `Z lh¡ _\u); hmu
op_ op_ê$` S> fl¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ op_u `p¡sp_¡ kpdpÞeop_ê$` iyÙpÐdp S> A_ych¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ rÓL$pm
op_ê$` S> fl¡ R>¡) A_¡ yv¹$Ng yv¹$Ngê$` S> fl¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ op_u yv¹$Ng_¡ yv¹$Ngê$` A_¡ s¡_p\u
\sp„ cphp¡_¡ `Z s¡ ê$` S> ÅZu, s¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp _\u A\p®s¹ op_u Aphu fus¡ c¡v$op_ L$f¡ R>¡).''
Ap fus¡ kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ L$f¡ R>¡.
(3) yÎe-`p` Ar^L$pf :- Ap Ar^L$pfdp„ `Z kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$fphhp dpV$¡, S>¡
kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡ iyÙpÐdp R>¡ s¡dp„, b„ ê$` L$p¡C S> cphp¡ _ lp¡hp\u A\p®s¹ s¡dp„
kh£ rhcphcph_p¡ Acph lp¡hp\u, b„ dpÓ cph A\p®s¹ iyccph A_¡ Aiyccph, s¡ b„_¡ (Ö[óV$_p
rhjedp„) _\u A¡d S>Zphhp b„_¡ _¡ A¡L$ kdp_ L$üp„ R>¡. A\p®s¹ yÎe A_¡ `p` A\p®s¹ iyccph
A_¡ Aiyccph kçeÁv$i®__p rhjeê$` `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`-klS> `qfZd_ê$` iyÙpÐdpdp„ _
lp¡hp\u, b„_¡ kdp_ A ¡npA¡ l¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ b„_¡ rhcphcph lp¡hp\u-b„ ê$` lp¡hp\u A¡L$ kdp_
l¡e R>¡.
Al] L$p¡CA¡ A¡L$p„s¡ s¡d _ kdS>hy„ L$pfZ L¡$ Aiyccph¡ `qfZdhp_p¡ L$v$u L$p¡C D`v$¡i lp¡e
S> _rl, `f„sy AÓ¡ S>Zpìep A_ykpf kçeÁv$i®_ L$fphhp, b„_¡ cphp¡\u c¡v$op_ L$fpìey„ R>¡ A_¡
c¡v$op__u A ¡npA¡ b„_¡ kdp_ S> R>¡ _rl L¡$ AÞe\p.
Å¡ L$p¡C AÞe\p yÎe_¡ l¡e kdÆ_¡ A\hp sp¡ yÎe-`p`_¡ kdp_ ê$ ¡ l¡e kdÆ_¡, õhÃR>„v$¡
`p`ê$` A\p®s¹ Aiyc cph¡ `qfZdsp lp¡e, s¡dp„ S> fpQsp lp¡e sp¡ s¡, s¡Ap¡_¡ dlp A_\®_y„ L$pfZ
R>¡. Å¡ L$p¡C Aphu fus\u A¡L$p„s¡ kdÆ_¡, Aphu S> fus¡ A¡L$p„s¡ ârs`pv$_ L$fsy„ lp¡e sp¡, s¡ `p¡s¡ sp¡ c°óV$
R>¡ S> A_¡ AÞe A_¡L$p¡_¡ `Z c°óV$ L$fu füp R>¡; A\p®s¹ S>¥_ rkÙp„sdp„ rhh¡L$_u S> bp¡g-bpgp R>¡.
A\p®s¹ kh® L$\_ S>¡ A ¡npA¡ L$üy„ lp¡e s¡ S> A ¡np\u N°lZ L$fhy„ Å¡CA¡, s¡ S> rhh¡L$ R>¡; dpV$¡ kh®
dp¡np\}Ap¡A¡ |h£ S>Zpìep A_ykpf A¡L$ dpÓ ApÐdâp[às_p gn¡ r_ed\u iycdp„ S> fl¡hp ep¡Áe R>¡,
Ap S> rS>_rkÙp„s_p¡ kpf R>¡ s¡\u L$fu AÓ¡ S>Zpìep A_ykpf S> A\p®s¹ rhh¡L$ |h®L$ S> kh®S>_
kçeÁv$i®_ _¡ `pd¡ R>¡ A_¡ rhh¡L$ |h®L$ S> r_hp®Z_¡ `pd¡ R>¡.
Np\p 151 Np\p\®:- ""r_òe\u S>¡ `fdp\® R>¡ (A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`-klS>
`qfZd_ê$` iyÙpÐdp R>¡), kde R>¡, iyÙ R>¡, L¡$hmu R>¡, dyr_ R>¡, op_u R>¡, s¡ õhcphdp„
(iyÙpÐdpdp„) [õ\s dyr_Ap¡ r_hp®Z_¡ `pd¡ R>¡.''
Np\p 152 Np\p\®:- ""`fdp\®dp„ A[õ\s (A\p®s¹ rdÕepÖ[óV$) A¡hp¡ S>¡ Æh s` L$f¡ R>¡ s\p
kdekpf_p Ar^L$pfp¡_y„ rhl„Nphgp¡L$_
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje142
h°s ^pfZ L$f¡ R>¡, s¡_p„ s¡ kh® s` A_¡ h°s_¡ kh®op¡ bpms` A_¡ bpmh°s L$l¡ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ Ap
bpms` A_¡ bpmh°s R>p¡X$hp_y„ _\u L$l¡sp„ `f„sy s¡_p\u `Z `fd DÐL©$óV$ A¡hy„ ApÐdop_ âpàs L$fhp
dpV$¡ âp¡Ðkprls L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ `fdp\®dp„ [õ\s R>¡ s¡_¡ sp¡ r_ed\u ApNm h°s-s` hN¡f¡ Aph¡ S>
R>¡; Aphp¡ R>¡ rS>_ rkÙp„s_p¡ rhh¡L$ L¡$ S>¡ ApÐdp_¡ D`f QX$hp S> L$l¡ R>¡, _rl L¡$ AÞe\p A\p®s¹ h°s-
s` R>p¡X$u _uQ¡ `X$hp ¼epf¡e S>Zphsp¡ _\u.
ïgp¡L$ 111:- ""L$d®_e_p Apg„b_dp„ sÐ`f (A\p®s¹ L$d®_e_p `n`psu A\p®s¹ L$d®_¡ S>
kh®õh dp__pfp) y{$jp¡ X|$b¡gp R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡Ap¡ op__¡ ÅZsp„ _\u (A\p®s¹ op_ê$` ApÐdp_u
A\p®s¹ `p¡sp_u ir¼sdp„ rhïhpk _\u `f„sy L$d®_u A\p®s¹ `f_u ir¼sdp„ rhïhpk R>¡). op__e_p
BÃR>L$ y{$jp¡ `Z X|$b¡gp R>¡ (L$pfZ L¡$ s¡Ap¡_¡ A¡L$p„s¡ op__p¡ S> `n lp¡hp\u s¡Ap¡ L$d®_¡ L$p„C hõsy
S> dp_sp„ _\u A_¡ A¡L$p„s¡ r_òepcpkuê$ ¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡) L$pfZ L¡$ s¡Ap¡ õhÃR>„v$\u Ars d„v$-DÛdu
R>¡ (L$pfZ L¡$ s¡Ap¡ r_òepcpku lp¡hp\u, yÎe A_¡ `p`_¡ kdp_ê$ ¡ l¡e A\p®s¹ kh® A ¡npA¡ l¡e
A\p®s¹ A¡L$p„s¡ l¡e dp_sp„ lp¡hp\u, L$p¡C S> y{$jp\® _ L$fsp„, A¡L$p„s¡ kdS>¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡d S> bp¡g¡ R>¡
L¡$ ""ly„ sp¡ op_dpÓ S> Ry>„''A_¡ fpQ¡ R>¡ k„kpfdp„, A\p®s¹ ApÐdop_ dpV$¡_p¡ ep¡Áesp hN¡f¡ê$` Aæepk
`Z r_ershpv$uAp¡_u S>¡d _\u L$fsp„ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡Ap¡ dp_¡ R>¡ L¡$- ApÐdop_ dpV$¡_u ep¡Áesp sp¡ A¡_p
L$pm¡ Aphu S> S>i¡; Ap fus¡ `p¡sp_¡ op_dpÓ dp_sp„ A_¡ s¡hp S> c°ddp„ fl¡sp lp¡hp\u, ^d®dp„
ep¡Áesp L$fhp dpV$¡ d„v$ DÛdu R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u s¡Ap¡ rhje L$jpedp„ rh_p k„L$p¡Q¡ hs®sp lp¡e R>¡). (lh¡
e\p\® kdS>Zey¼s Æh_u hps R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$ R>¡) s¡ Æhp¡ rhïh_p D`f sf¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ rhïh_u
AÞe L$p¡C hõsydp„ S>¡d_y„ "ly„ `Ï„' A_¡ "dpfp `Ï„' _\u s¡\u s¡dp„ s¡Ap¡_¡ L$p¡C S> gNph _\u s¡\u
s¡ Æhp¡ rhïh_p D`f sf¡ R>¡) L¡$ S>¡Ap¡ `p¡s¡ r_f„sf op_ê$` \sp-`qfZdsp \L$p (A\p®s¹ `p¡sp_¡
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` A\p®s¹ klS> `qfZd_-ê$` A\p®s¹ kpdpÞeop_ê$` A_ychsp \L$p) L$d®
L$fsp„ _\u (A\p®s¹ L$p¡C`Z L$d® A\hp s¡_p r_rdÑ¡ \sp„ cphdp„ "ly„ `Ï„' A_¡ "dpfp `Ï„' L$fsp„ _\u,
L$sp®by[Ý^ `p¡jsp _\u) A_¡ ¼epf¡e âdpv$_¡ hi `Z \sp„ _\u (A\p®s¹ by[Ý^ |h®L$ õhdp„ fl¡hp_p¡
kss y{$jp\® L$f¡ R>¡).''
(4) ApöhAr^L$pf :- Ap Ar^L$pfdp„ `Z kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$fphhp dpV$¡ A\p®s¹ c¡v$op_
L$fphhp dpV$¡, S>¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡ iyÙpÐdp R>¡ s¡dp„ Apöhê$` cph _ lp¡hp\u A\p®s¹
s¡dp„ kh£ rhcphcph_p¡ Acph lp¡hp\u L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$- op_u_¡ Apöh _\u. A\p®s¹ op_u_¡ Apöhcph
ê$` S>¡ `p¡sp_y„ `qfZd_ R>¡ s¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' lp¡sy„ _\u A_¡ s¡dp„ L$sp® Ï„ `Z _\u L$pfZ L¡$ op_u s¡
cphê$` õh¡ÃR>pA¡ `qfZdsp _\u `f„sy bmS>bfu |h®L$ A\p®s¹ _bmpB_¡ L$pfZ¡ `qfZdsp lp¡hp\u
L$sp® `Ï„ _\u.
143
op_u_¡ Aë` Apöh \pe R>¡ Mfp¡, `f„sy op_u_¡ A_„sp_yb„ u L$jpep¡ A_¡ rdÕepÐh_p¡
Apöh _ lp¡hp\u `Z, op_u _¡ Apöh _\u A¡d L$üy„ R>¡; `f„sy Å¡ L$p¡C Ap hps A¡L$p„s¡ N°lZ L$fu
õhÃR>„v$¡ Apöhcphp¡_y„ k¡h_ L$f¡ A\hp L$p¡C `p¡sp_¡ op_u kdÆ_¡, õhÃR>„v$¡ Apöhcphp¡ _y„ k¡h_
L$f¡ sp¡, s¡ s¡_¡ dlp A_\®_y„ L$pfZ R>¡ A\p®s¹ Å¡ L$p¡C Aphu fus\u A¡L$p„s¡ kdÆ_¡, Aphu S> fus¡ A¡L$p„s¡
ârs`pv$_ L$fsy„ lp¡e sp¡, s¡ `p¡s¡ sp¡ c°óV$ R>¡ S> A_¡ AÞe A_¡L$p¡ _¡ c°óV$ L$fu füp¡ R>¡. A\p®s¹ S>¥_
rkÙp„sdp„ rhh¡L$_u S> â^p_sp R>¡ A\p®s¹ kh® L$\_ S>¡ A ¡npA¡ L$üy„ lp¡e s¡ S> A ¡np\u N°lZ L$fhy„
Å¡CA¡, s¡ S> rhh¡L$ R>¡; dpV$¡ kh® dp¡np\}Ap¡A¡ |h£ S>Zpìep A_ykpf A¡L$ dpÓ ApÐdâp[às_p gn¡
r_ed\u Apöh_p L$pfZp¡\u v$|f S> fl¡hp ep¡Áe R>¡, Ap S> rS>_rkÙp„s_p¡ kpf R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 116:- ""ApÐdp Äepf¡ op_u \pe Ðepf¡, `p¡s¡ `p¡sp_p kdõs by[Ý^ |h®L$ fpN_¡ r_f„sf
R>p¡X$sp¡ \L$p¡ A\p®s¹ _rl L$fsp¡ \L$p¡ (A\p®s¹ op_u_¡ Arcâpedp„ dpÓ dyr¼s lp¡B_¡ L$p¡C`Z fpNê$`
`qfZdhp_u A„idpÓ `Z BÃR>p lp¡su _\u) hmu S>¡ Aby[Ý^ |h®L$ fpN R>¡ s¡_¡ `Z Æshp_¡ hpf„hpf
(op_p_ych_ê$`) õhir¼s_¡ õ`i®sp¡ \L$p¡ A_¡ (A¡ fus¡) kdõs `fh©rs_¡-`f`qfZsu_¡ DM¡X$sp¡
(A\p®s¹ A |h® r_S>®fp L$fsp¡) op__p |Z®cphê$` \sp¡ \L$p¡, Mf¡Mf kv$p r_fpöh R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ Aphu R>¡ op__u kp^_p:- `p¡s¡ dpÓ iyÙpÐdpdp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp¡ A_¡ s¡_u S>
A_yc|rs L$fsp¡, by[Ý^ |h®L$ A\p®s¹ âeÐ_ |h®L$ A\p®s¹ |Z® ÅN©rs |h®L$, S>¡ `Z Dv$e Aph¡ R>¡ s¡_u
kpd¡ gX¡$ R>¡ A\p®s¹ Dv$e\u `fpõs \ep hNf A\p®s¹ Dv$edp„ cþep hNf, `p¡s¡ iyÙpÐdpdp„ S> hpf„hpf
[õ\fsp_p¡ âeÐ_ L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ Å¡ s¡hu [õ\fsp A„sfdyl|s®\u Ar^L$ \C Åe, sp¡ op_u kh® OpsuL$dp£
_p¡ _pi L$fu L¡$hmu \C Åe R>¡ A_¡ `R>u L$pm¡ L$fu dy¼s \C Åe R>¡; Aphp¡ R>¡ dp¡ndpN®.
ïgp¡L$ 120:- ""DÙs op_ (A\p®s¹ op_dpÓ) S>¡_y„ gnZ R>¡ A¡hp iyÙ_edp„ flu_¡ A\p®s¹
iyÙ_e_p¡ Apîe L$fu_¡ S>¡Ap¡ kv$pe A¡L$pN° Zp_p¡ S> Aæepk L$f¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdpdp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„'
L$fu, s¡_p¡ S> A_ych L$fu, s¡dp„ S> [õ\fsp_p¡ Aæepk L$f¡ R>¡) s¡Ap¡, r_f„sf fpNpqv$\u frls
rQÑhpmp hs®sp \L$p (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdpdp„ fpNpqv$_p¡ L$rZep¡ `Z _\u A_¡ s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp
\L$p), b„ frls A¡hp kdekpf_¡ (A\p®s¹ `p¡sp_p iyÙ ApÐdõhê$`_¡) v$¡M¡ R>¡- A_ych¡ R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 122:- ""Al] Ap S> spÐ`e® R>¡ L¡$ (A\p®s¹ Ap Ar^L$pf_p¡ Ap S> DØ¡i R>¡ L¡$) iyÙ_e
ÐepNhpep¡Áe _\u (A\p®s¹ dpÓ iyÙ_edp„ S> fl¡hp S>¡hy„ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡dp„ Apöh \sp¡ _\u); L$pfZ
L¡$ s¡_p AÐepN\u (L$d®_p¡) b„ \sp¡ _\u A_¡ s¡_p ÐepN\u b„ S> \pe R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 123:- ""^uf (QmpQmsp frls) A_¡ Dv$pf (kh® `v$p\p£dp„ rhõspfey¼s A\hp |Z®
ApÐdê$`) S>¡_p¡ drldp R>¡ A¡hp A_pqv$r_^_ op_dp„ (A\p®s¹ rÓL$pmu iyÙ op_ L¡$ S>¡
kdekpf_p Ar^L$pfp¡_y„ rhl„Nphgp¡L$_
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje144
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` op_ kpdpÞe dpÓ R>¡ s¡dp„) [õ\fsp bp„ sp¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp¡
A_¡ s¡_y„ S> A_ych_ L$fsp¡) iyÙ_e- L¡$ S>¡ L$dp£_¡ d|m\u _pi L$f_pfp¡ R>¡ s¡- `rhÓ ^d}
(kçeÁÖ[óV$) y{$jp¡A¡ L$v$u `Z R>p¡X$hp ep¡Áe _\u (A\p®s¹ r_f„sf N°lhp ep¡Áe R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ S>
[õ\fsp L$fhp S>¡hu R>¡, s¡_y„ S> Ýep_ L$fhp ep¡Áe R>¡). iyÙ_edp„ [õ\s s¡ y{$jp¡A¡ (A\p®s¹
õhÐdp_yc|rsdp„ [õ\s y{$jp¡A¡), blpf _uL$msp A¡hp„ `p¡sp_p„ op_qL$fZp¡_p kd|l_¡ (A\p®s¹ L$d®_p
r_rdÑ¡ `fdp„ S>su op__u rhi¡j ìer¼sAp¡_¡) Aë` L$pmdp„ kd¡V$u_¡, |Z®, op_O__p y„S>ê$` (dpÓ
op_O_ê$`), A¡L$, AQm, ip„s s¡S>_¡-s¡S>: y„S>_¡ v$¡M¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ A_ych¡ R>¡.''
(5) k„hf Ar^L$pf :- Ap Ar^L$pfdp„ ApQpe® cNh„s S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ kçeÁv$i®_ R>¡
A\p®s¹ S>¡ iyÙpÐdp_u A_yc|rs R>¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ S> [õ\fsp R>¡, s¡ S> kpnps¹ k„hf R>¡. s¡ L$pfZ¡ Ap
Ar^L$pfdp„ `Z ApQpe® cNh„s ApÐdp_p Ap¥v$reL$ cphp¡\u c¡v$op_ L$fphu Æhp¡_¡
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` ApÐdp_p klS>`qfZd_ê$` iyÙpÐdpdp„ S> õ\p ¡ R>¡ A_¡ L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ s¡
iyÙpÐdp_y„ h¡v$_, A_ych_ A_¡ [õ\fsp S> r_òe\u k„hf_y„ L$pfZ R>¡; s¡\u Aop_u _¡ L$pe®L$pfu k„hf
_\u, Äepf¡ op_u_¡ s¡ klS> S> lp¡e R>¡. S>¡d L¡$ -
ïgp¡L$ 129:- ""Ap kpnps¹ (kh® âL$pf¡) k„hf Mf¡Mf iyÙ ApÐdsÒh_u D`g[å^\u (A\p®s¹
kçeÁv$i®_\u) \pe R>¡; A_¡ s¡ iyÙ ApÐdsÒh_u D`g[å^ c¡v$rhop_\u S> \pe R>¡. dpV$¡ s¡
c¡v$rhop_ AÐe„s cphhp ep¡Áe R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ A¡L$ dpÓ c¡v$-rhop__p¡ S> y{$jp\® L$pe®L$pfu R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 130:- ""Ap c¡v$rhop_ Arh[ÃR>_^pfp\u (A\p®s¹ S>¡dp„ rhÃR>¡v$-rhn¡ _ `X¡$ A¡hp
AM„X$ âhplê$ ¡) Ðep„ ky u cphhy„ L¡$ Äep„ ky u `fcphp¡\u R|>V$u op_ op_dp„ S> W$fu Åe''A\p®s¹
L¡$hmu b_sp ky u ApS> c¡v$-op__p¡ Aæepk r_f„sf L$fhp ep¡Áe R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 131:- ""S>¡ L$p¡C rkÙ \ep R>¡ s¡ c¡v$-rhop_\u rkÙ \ep R>¡; S>¡ Å¡B b„ pep R>¡ s¡
s¡_p (c¡v$-rhop__p) S> Acph\u b„ pep R>¡''
A\p®s¹ c¡v$-rhop_ S>¥_ rkÙp„s_p¡ kpf R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ dpV$¡ S> Ap ""kdekpf''_pd_y„ |Z® ip÷
fQpey„ R>¡; s¡\u ""kdekpf''dp„ kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$fphhp ApÐdp_¡ kçeÁv$i®__p rhjeê$` iyÙpÐdp
ê$ ¡ S> N°lZ L$f¡g R>¡ A_¡ AÞecphp¡\u c¡v$op_ L$fph¡g R>¡.
(6) r_S>®fp Ar^L$pf :- Ap Ar^L$pfdp„ ApQpe® cNh„s S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ kçeÁv$i®_ R>¡
A\p®s¹ S>¡ iyÙpÐdp_u A_yc|rs A_¡ s¡dp„ [õ\fsp R>¡ s¡ S> kpnps¹ r_S>®fp R>¡, AÞe\p _rl. s¡ L$pfZ¡
Ap Ar^L$pfdp„ kpnps¹ r_S>®fp A\£ `Z c¡v$op_ S> L$fph¡g R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ A¡L$ dpÓ iyÙpÐdp_y„ ifZ g¡sp„
S> kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ \pe R>¡ A_¡ s¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$_¡ S> kpnps¹ r_S>®fp lp¡e R>¡, AÞe\p _tl. S>¡d L¡$ -
145
Np\p 195:- ""S>¡d h¥Û y{$j rhj_¡ cp¡Nhsp¡ A\p®s¹ Mpsp¡ R>sp„ dfZ `pdsp¡ _\u (L$pfZ L¡$
s¡_¡ s¡_u dpÓp, `Õe-A`Õe hN¡f¡_y„ op_ lp¡hp\u dfZ `pdsp¡ _\u), s¡d op_u yv¹$NgL$d®_p Dv$e_¡
cp¡Nh¡ R>¡ sp¡ `Z b„ psp¡ _\u''L$pfZ L¡$ op_u rhh¡L$u lp¡hp\u s¡ L$dp£_p Dv$e_¡ cp¡Nhsp¡ R>sp¡ s¡ ê$ \sp¡
_\u A\p®s¹ `p¡sp_¡ s¡ ê$ dp_sp¡ _\u, `f„sy `p¡sp_y„ "ly„ `Ï„' A¡L$ dpÓ iyÙcphdp„ lp¡hp\u A_¡ s¡ Dv$e_¡
QpqfÓ_u _bmpC_p L$pfZ¡ cp¡Nhsp¡ lp¡hp\u, s¡_¡ b„ _\u. A\p®s¹ s¡_p Arcâpedp„ cp¡N âÐe¡ S>fp
`Z Apv$fcph _\u S> L$pfZ s¡_p¡ |Z® Apv$fcph A¡L$ dpÓ õhsÒhê$` ""iyÙpÐdp' dp„ S> lp¡e R>¡ A_¡
s¡ A ¡npA¡ s¡_¡ b„ _\u `f„sy cp¡Ndp„ `Z A\p®s¹ cp¡N cp¡Nhsp `Z r_S>®fp R>¡, A¡d L$l¡hpe R>¡.
Np\p 205 Np\p\®:- ""op_NyZ\u frls (A\p®s¹ rhh¡L$ê$` op_\u frls) OZp„e gp¡L$p¡ (OZp„
âL$pf_p L$d® L$fhp R>sp„) Ap op_õhê$` `v$_¡ `pdsp _\u (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ `pdsp _\u); dpV$¡ l¡
cìe! Å¡ sy„ L$d®\u kh®\p dy¼s \hp CÃR>sp¡ lp¡ (A\p®s¹ A |h® r_S>®fp L$fhp CÃR>sp¡ lp¡) sp¡ r_es
A¡hp Ap_¡ (op__¡) (A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` A\p®s¹ ApÐdp_p klS>`qfZd__¡ L¡$ S>¡
kpdpÞeop_ê$` R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_¡ opeL$ A\hp iyÙpÐdp `Z L$l¡hpe R>¡, s¡_¡) N°lZ L$f (A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ S>
"ly„ `Ï„' L$fu, s¡_p¡ S> A_ych L$fu, kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ L$f).''
Np\p 206 Np\p\®:- ""(l¡ cìe âpZu!) sy„ Apdp„ r_Ðe fs A\p®s¹ âurshpmp¡ \p, Apdp„
r_Ðe k„syóV$ \p, A_¡ Ap_p\u s©á \p; (Apd L$fhp\u) s_¡ DÑd (DÐL©$óV$) kyM \i¡.'' A\p®s¹
""iyÙpÐdp'_p Apîe¡ S> dp¡ndpN® A_¡ dp¡n dmi¡ L¡$ S>¡ Apìepbp^ kyMê$` R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 162:- ""A¡ âdpZ¡ _hu_ b„ _¡ fp¡L$sp¡ A_¡ (`p¡s¡) `p¡sp_p ApW$ A„Np¡ krls lp¡hp_p
L$pfZ¡ (A\p®s¹ kçeÁÖ[óV$ `p¡s¡ kçeÁv$i®__p„ ApW$ A„N krls lp¡e R>¡ s¡ L$pfZ¡) r_S>®fp âNV$hp\u
|h®bÙ L$dp£_¡ _pi L$fu _pMsp¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh `p¡s¡ Ars fk\u (A\p®s¹ r_S>fkdp„ dõs \ep¡ \L$p¡)
Apqv$-dÝe-A„s frls op_ê$` \B_¡ (A\p®s¹ A_yc|rsdp„ dpÓ op_kpdpÞe S> R>¡, AÞe L$p„B _rl
lp¡hp\u L$üy„ L¡$ Apqv$-dÝe-A„s frls op_ê$` \B_¡) ApL$pi_p rhõspfê$`u f„Nc|rddp„ AhNpl_
L$fu_¡ (A\p®s¹ kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh_¡ dpV$¡ s¡ op_ê$` gp¡L$ S> s¡_p¡ kh® gp¡L$ lp¡hp\u, s¡ S> f„Nc|rddp„ frl_¡
A\p®s¹ rQv$pL$pidp„ AhNpl_ L$fu_¡) _©Ðe L$f¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ AtsrÖe Ap_„v$ _p¡ Apõhpv$ dpZ¡ R>¡-A |h®
Ap_„v$_¡ cp¡Nh¡ R>¡).''
(7) b„ Ar^L$pf :- op_u_¡ A¡L$ dpÓ klS> `qfZd_ê$` iyÙpÐdpdp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' lp¡sp
A_¡ s¡_p¡ S> A_ych L$fsp„ lp¡hp\u A_¡ s¡ cphdp„ b„ _p¡ kv$„sf Acph lp¡hp\u, op_u_¡ b„ _\u
A¡d L$l¡hpe R>¡.
kdekpf_p Ar^L$pfp¡_y„ rhl„Nphgp¡L$_
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje146
buSy>„, op_u_¡ rhh¡L$ ÅN°s \ep¡ lp¡hp\u, h¥Û S>¡d T¡f Mphp R>sp„ dfsp¡ _\u, s¡d op_u `Z
rhh¡L$ |h®L$ `p¡sp_p bm_u Mpdu_¡ gu ¡ A\p®s¹ `p¡sp_u _bmpC_¡ gu ¡ cp¡N cp¡Nhsp¡ lp¡hp R>sp„ `Z,
s¡_¡ OZp¡ S> Aë` b„ lp¡hp\u, s¡_¡ b„ _\u s¡d L$l¡hpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ op_u_¡ fpNdp„ A_¡ b„ _p„ AÞe
L$pfZp¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' _\u lp¡sy„ A_¡ `p¡s¡ b„ ê$` `Z õh¡ÃR>pA¡ `qfZdsp¡ _\u s¡\u, s¡ b„_¡ A ¡npA¡,
s¡_¡ b„ _\u A¡d L$l¡hpe R>¡.
ÓuSy>„, c¡v$op_ L$fphhp A_¡ kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$fphhp A¡L$ dpÓ iyÙpÐdp_y„ S> ifZ g¡hp_y„
lp¡hp\u L¡$ S>¡ Ö[óV$_p rhjeê$` iyÙpÐdpdp„ b„ _p¡ kv$„sf Acph S> R>¡, s¡ S> Ap Ar^L$pf_p¡ kpf R>¡.
Np\p 278-279 Np\p\®:- ""S>¡d õaqV$L$drZ iyÙ lp¡hp\u (A\p®s¹ op_u S>¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' L$f¡
R>¡ s¡ iyÙpÐdp `p¡s¡ iyÙ lp¡hp\u) fpNpqv$ê$ ¡ (fspi-Apqv$ê$ ¡) `p¡sp_u d¡m¡ `qfZdsp¡ _\u (A\p®s¹
op_u õh¡ÃR>pA¡ fpNê$` `qfZdsp¡ _\u-A\p®s¹ BÃR>p |h®L$ fpN L$fsp¡ _\u) `f„sy AÞe f¼s Apqv$
Öìep¡ hX¡$ s¡ f¼s (-fpsp¡) Apqv$ L$fpe R>¡, s¡d op_u A\p®s¹ (iyÙpÐdpdp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp¡) ApÐdp
iyÙ lp¡hp\u (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp `p¡s¡ iyÙ lp¡hp\u) fpNpqv$ê$ ¡ `p¡sp_u d¡m¡ `qfZdsp¡ _\u `f„sy AÞe
fpNpqv$v$p¡jp¡ hX¡$ (A\p®s¹ s¡_¡ ep¡Áe A¡hp L$d® _p Dv$e_p r_rdÑ_¡ L$pfZ¡) s¡ fpNu Apqv$ L$fpe R>¡
(A\p®s¹ s¡ `p¡sp_u _bmpB_¡ L$pfZ¡ fpNu-Ü¡ju \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ fpN-Ü¡jê$ ¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡).''
ïgp¡L$ 175:- ""k|e®L$p„sdrZ_u dpaL$ (A\p®s¹ k|e®L$p„sdrZ S>¡d `p¡sp\u S> Ar‚ê$ ¡ `qfZdsp¡
_\u, s¡_p Ar‚ê$` `qfZd_dp„ k|e®_y„ tbb r_rdÑ R>¡, s¡d) ApÐdp `p¡sp_¡ fpNpqv$L$_y„ r_rdÑ L$v$u
`Z \sp¡ _\u (A\p®s¹ iyÙpÐdp `p¡s¡ iyÙ lp¡hp\u, fpNpqv$ê$ ¡ `p¡sp_u d¡m¡ L$v$u `qfZdsp¡ _\u), s¡dp„
r_rdÑ `fk„N S> (`fÖìe_p¡ k„N S>) R>¡. - Aphp¡ hõsyõhcph âL$pidp_ R>¡ (kv$pe hõsy_p¡ Aphp¡
S> õhcph R>¡, L$p¡CA¡ L$f¡gp¡ _\u).''
A\p®s¹ Ap`Z¡ |h£ S>¡ ""r_rdÑ-D`pv$p_''_u QQp®dp„ Å¡ey„ L¡$ rhh¡L$u dydyny _bmp r_rdÑp¡_¡
sS>¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡_p\u v$|f S> fl¡ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ L¡$ hõsy_p¡ Aphp¡ S> õhcph R>¡ L¡$ Mfpb
r_rdÑ\u s¡_y„ `s_ \C iL¡$ R>¡; Aphp¡ R>¡ A_¡L$p„shpv$ S>¥_rkÙp„s_p¡. A\p®s¹ L$p¡C r_rdÑ_¡ A¡L$p„s¡
AL$sp® dp_¡ A_¡ s¡d S> âê$`Zp L$f¡ sp¡ s¡ rS>_ds bpü S> R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ `p¡sp_p A_¡ AÞe A_¡L$p¡_p
`s__y„ L$pfZ R>¡, s¡ S> hps Ap ïgp¡L$dp„ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- iyÙpÐdp `p¡s¡ iyÙ lp¡hp\u, fpNpqv$ê$ ¡
`p¡sp_u d¡m¡ L$v$u `qfZdsp¡ _\u `f„sy s¡dp„ r_rdÑ `fk„N S> R>¡- Aphp¡ hõsyõhcph âL$pidp_ R>¡
A\p®s¹ kv$pe hõsy_p¡ Aphp¡ S> õhcph R>¡, L$p¡CA¡ L$f¡gp¡ _\u A\p®s¹ r_rdÑ `p¡s¡ D`pv$p_ê$ ¡
`qfZdsy„ _ lp¡hp R>sp„ `Z s¡ AdyL$ k„Å¡Np¡dp„ D`pv$p__¡ Akf L$sp® R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ S> hõsyõhcph
L$üp¡ R>¡; s¡\u S> S>¥_ rkÙp„s_¡ rhh¡L¡$ L$fu N°lZ L$fpe R>¡ A_¡ A ¡npA¡ kdÅe R>¡, _rl L¡$ A¡L$p„s¡
L¡$ S>¡ dlp_ A_\®_y„ L$pfZ R>¡.
147
(8) dp¡n Ar^L$pf :- `fd `pqfZprdL$cphê$` A\p®s¹ klS> `qfZd_ey¼s iyÙpÐdpdp„
"ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp„ S> õhpÐdp_yc|rs |h®L$ kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ \pe R>¡ A_¡ `R>u s¡dp„ S> r_f„sf [õ\fsp
L$fsp„, ApÐdp n`L$î¡Zu dp„X$u_¡ kh® Opsu L$dp£_p¡ _pi L$fu L¡$hmop_-L¡$hmv$i®_ âpàs L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡
`R>u Apeyne¡ dp¡n `pd¡ R>¡; s¡ S> dp¡n_p¡ dpN® R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u kh£ Æhp¡_¡ iyÙpÐdp S> k¡hhp ep¡Áe
R>¡, Ap S> dp¡n Ar^L$pf_p¡ kpf R>¡.
Np\p 294 Np\p\®:- ""Æh s\p b„ r_es õhgnZp¡\u (`p¡s`p¡sp_p r_ròs gnZp¡\u)
R>¡v$pe R>¡ (A\p®s¹ Æh_y„ gnZ op_ R>¡ A_¡ b„ _y„ gnZ yv¹$Ng ê$` L$d®-_p¡L$d® A_¡ s¡_p r_rdÑ¡
\sp„ Æh_p cphp¡ ê$` R>¡); âopê$`u R>uZu hX¡$ (A\p®s¹ suh°by[Ý^ A\hp cNhrs âop hX¡$, s¡ b„_¡
hÃQ¡ c¡v$op_¡ L$fu) R>¡v$hpdp„ Aphsp (c¡v$op_ L$fsp„) s¡Ap¡ _p_p`Zp_¡ `pd¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ Sy>v$p `X$u Åe
R>¡ (A\p®s¹ Sy>v$p A_ychpe R>¡).'' A\p®s¹ ÖìeÖ[óV$dp„ dpÓ "iyÙpÐdp' ê$` Æh S> N°lZ \pe R>¡ A_¡
s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' \sp„ = L$fsp„ õhpÐdp_yc|rs krls kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ b„_¡ cphp¡dp„
âNV$ c¡v$op_ \C Åe R>¡.
Np\p 294 V$uL$p:- "".... ApÐdp_y„ õhgnZ Q¥sÞe R>¡, L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ kdõs i¡j Öìep¡\u
Akp^pfZ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ AÞe Öìep¡dp„ s¡ _\u). s¡ (Q¥sÞe) âhs®sy„ \Ly„$ (`qfZdsy„ \Ly„$) S>¡ S>¡ `ep®e_¡
ìep`u_¡ âhs£ R>¡ (A¡V$g¡ L¡$ S>¡ S>¡ `ep®eê$ ¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡) A_¡ r_hs®sy„ \Ly„$ S>¡ S>¡ `ep®e_¡ N°lZ L$fu_¡
r_hs£ R>¡ s¡ s¡ kdõs klhs} L¡$ ¾$dhs} `ep®ep¡ ApÐdp R>¡ A¡d grns L$fhy„.... (AÓ¡ kdS>hy„ L¡$
ApÐdÖìe Ac¡v$ S> R>¡ A_¡ s¡ Ac¡v$ ê$ ¡ S> `qfZd¡ R>¡ A¡V$g¡ S> L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$ kdõs klhs} L¡$ ¾$dhs}
`ep®ep¡ ApÐdp R>¡. S>¡ kh® â\d Öìe-NyZ-`ep®e_u kdS>Zdp„ S>Zph¡g s¡ S> cph AÓ¡ `Z ÖY$
S> \pe R>¡).''
Np\p 297 Np\p\®:- ""âop hX¡$ (A\p®s¹ op_ hX¡$ ApÐdp_¡) A¡d N°lZ L$fhp¡ L¡$- S>¡ Q¡s_pfp¡
R>¡ s¡ r_òe\u ly„ Ry>„ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ ÅZhp-Å¡hphpmp¡ R>¡, s¡ S> r_òe\u ly„ Ry>„ L$pfZ L¡$ op_ s¡ ApÐdp_y„
gnZ lp¡B_¡ ApÐdp dpÓ op_\u S> N°pü R>¡. `f„sy S>¡ kpdpÞeop_ R>¡, s¡ L¡$hmu_u S>¡d R>Úõ\_p
op__p¡ rhje \sy„ _\u, s¡ dpÓ A_yc|rs_p¡ rhje R>¡ s¡\u s¡ A_ychdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ `f„sy L¡$hmu S>¡d
ÅZ¡ R>¡ s¡d R>Úõ\_¡ ÅZhpdp„ Aphsy„ _ lp¡hp\u, kpdpÞeop__¡ s¡_p gnZ\u A\p®s¹ `v$p\®_p
op_\u A\p®s¹ `f_p op_\u N°lZ L$fu iL$pe R>¡. s¡\u A ¡npA¡ L$l¡hpe L¡$ "`f_y„ ÅZhy„ s¡ opeL$dp„
S>hp_u kuX$u R>¡' A\p®s¹ S>¡ sm D`f `f`v$p\® S>Zpe R>¡ s¡ sm S> kpdpÞeop_ R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡
o¡epL$pf R>¡ s¡ op__p¡ b_¡g lp¡hp\u Mf¡Mf s¡ op_pL$pf S> R>¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ ApL$pf_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S>, Ðep„
op_dpÓ A\p®s¹ kpdpÞeop_ê$` opeL$ S> R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` A\p®s¹ ApÐdp_p
op_NyZ_p klS> `qfZd_ê$` R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ S> iyÙpÐdp A\p®s¹ opeL$ L$l¡hpe R>¡, s¡ âpàs \pe R>¡
kdekpf_p Ar^L$pfp¡_y„ rhl„Nphgp¡L$_
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje148
A_¡ s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fsp„, õhpÐdp_yc|rs |h®L$ kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ \pe R>¡; Ap S> fus R>¡
kçeÁv$i®__u) bpL$u_p S>¡ cphp¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ o¡epL$pfp¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡ fpNÜ¡j hN¡f¡ rhcphcphp¡ R>¡)
s¡ dpfp\u `f R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡_p\u c¡v$op_ L$fhy„, L$B fus¡ L$fhy„? DÑf- s¡ fpNÜ¡j hN¡f¡ rhcphcphp¡_¡
AÐe„s Np¥Z L$fhp\u s¡ Ö[óV$dp„ S> Aphsp _\u, Ap S> c¡v$op__u fus R>¡) A¡d ÅZhy„.'' Ap S>
cph ApNm ÖY$ L$f¡ R>¡ -
Np\p 298-299 Np\p\®:- ""âop hX¡$ A¡d N°lZ L$fhp¡ L¡$- S>¡ v$¡M_pfp¡ (Å¡hphpmp¡) R>¡ s¡
r_òe\u ly„ Ry>„, bpL$u_p S>¡ cphp¡ R>¡ s¡ dpfp\u `f R>¡ A¡d ÅZhy„ A_¡ âop hX¡$ A¡d N°lZ L$fhp¡
L¡$- S>¡ ÅZ_pfp¡ R>¡ s¡ r_òe\u ly„ Ry>„, bpL$u_p S>¡ cphp¡ R>¡ s¡ dpfp\u `f R>¡ A¡d ÅZhy„.'' |h£ S>¡
kdÅìey„ R>¡, s¡_y„ S> AÓ¡-Ap Np\pAp¡dp„ ârs`pv$_ L$f¡g R>¡.
Np\p 306-307 Np\p\®:- ""ârs¾$dZ, ârskfZ, `qflpf, ^pfZp, r_h©rs, t_v$p, Nlp® A_¡
iyrÙ- A¡ ApW$ âL$pf_p¡ rhjLy„$c R>¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ |h£ S>Zpìey„ s¡d kdekpf ip÷ c¡v$op_ L$fphhp
dpV$¡_y„ lp¡C_¡ A\p®s¹ Ap ip÷dp„ A¡L$ dpÓ iyÙpÐdp_y„ S> gn L$fphhp_p¡ DØ¡i lp¡hp\u A_¡ s¡dp„ S>
"ly„ `Ï„' L$fphu, õhpÐdp_yc|rs |h®L$ kçeÁv$róV$ b_phhp_p¡ DØ¡i lp¡hp\u A_¡ s¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje
s\p kçeÁv$i®_ \ep bpv$ Ýep__p¡ rhje `Z iyÙpÐdp S> R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_y„ õhê$` kh® rhL$ë` frls A¡hy„
r_rh®L$ë` R>¡, s¡\u AÓ¡ S>Zph¡g kh£ rhL$ë`ey¼s cphp¡_¡ rhL$ë` A ¡npA¡ rhjLy„$c L$üp R>¡. L$pfZ
L¡$ Å¡ Æh AÓ¡ S>Zph¡g kh£ rhL$ë`ey¼s cphp¡dp„ S> fl¡ A_¡ ^d® \ep¡ dp_¡ sp¡, s¡ s¡_p dpV$¡ rhjLy„$c
kdp_ R>¡ L$pfZ s¡ `p¡sp_¡ Ap b^p„ L$pep£ L$fu_¡ L©$sL©$Ðe dp_¡ R>¡ A_¡ iyÙpÐdp_y„ gn `Z _ L$f¡, sp¡
Ap sdpd cphp¡ s¡_¡ rhjLy„$c kdp_ R>¡ A\p®s¹ AÓ¡ S>Zph¡g kh® A ¡npA¡ A_¡ r_rh®L$ë`
ApÐdõhê$`dp„ S> [õ\fsp L$fphhp A\£ A_¡ s¡_¡ S> `fd^d® õ\pr`s L$fhp A\£ Ap kh£ cphp¡ _¡
rhjLy„$c L$üp R>¡; L$p¡CA¡ s¡_¡ AÞe\p A\p®s¹ A¡L$p„s¡ N°lZ _ L$fhy„). Aârs¾$dZ, AârskfZ,
A`qflpf, A^pfZp, Ar_h©rs, At_v$p, ANlp® A_¡ AiyrÙ A¡ Ad©sLy„$c R>¡ (A\p®s¹ D`f_p kh£
cphp¡_p ApNm AÓ¡ A gNpX$u_¡ kh® rhL$ë`pÐdL$ cphp¡_p¡ r_j¡ L$f¡g R>¡ A\p®s¹ r_òe_e r_j¡ ê$`
lp¡hp\u A_¡ iyÙpÐdp rhL$ë`frls A\p®s¹ r_rh®L$ë`cphê$` lp¡hp\u L¡$ S>¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡ A_¡
`R>u\u Ýep__p¡ `Z rhje R>¡ A\p®s¹ [õ\fsp L$fhp_p¡ rhje R>¡ s¡dp„ S> fl¡hy„, s¡ Ad©s Ly„$c kdp_
R>¡ A\p®s¹ dyr¼s _y„ L$pfZ R>¡ dpV$¡ s¡ Ad©sLy„$c R>¡ s¡d S>Zph¡g R>¡).''
AÓ¡ L$p¡CA¡ R>m N°lZ _ L$fhp¡ A\p®s¹ rh`fus kdS>Z N°lZ _ L$fhu. S>¡ A ¡npA¡
D`ey®¼s cphp¡_¡ rhjLy„$c L$üp R>¡ s¡ kdÄep hNf A¡L$p„s¡ s¡_¡ rhjê$` kdÆ_¡ s¡_¡ R>p¡X$u _ v$¡hp A_¡
õhÃR>„v$¡ fpNÜ¡jê$` _ `qfZdhy„ L$pfZ L¡$ A¡ sp¡ Acìe A\hp v$|fcìe`Zp_u S> r_ip_u R>¡ A\p®s¹
s¡hp ApÐdp_¡ A_„s k„kpf kdS>hp¡.
149
S>¡d L¡$ kdpr^s„Ó Np\p 86dp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$- ""tlkpqv$L$ `p„Q Ah°sp¡dp„ A_yf¼s dpZk¡
Atlkpqv$L$ h°sp¡_y„ N°lZ L$fu_¡ Ah°sphõ\pdp„ \sp„ rhL$ë`p¡_p¡ _pi L$fhp¡ s\p Atlkpqv$L$ h°sp¡_p ^pfL¡$
op_õhcphdp„ gu_ \C h°sphõ\pdp„ \sp„ rhL$ë`p¡_p¡ _pi L$fhp¡ A_¡ `R>u Al¯s Ahõ\pdp„
L¡$hmop_\u ey¼s \C õhe„ S> `fdpÐdp \hy„-rkÙõhê$`_¡ âpàs L$fhy„.'' A\p®s¹ Aiyccph sp¡ _rl
S> A_¡ iyÙcph_p cp¡N¡ iyccph `Z _rl S>, rS>_ rkÙp„s_y„ v$f¡L$ L$\_ kp ¡n S> lp¡e R>¡ A_¡
Å¡ s¡_¡ L$p¡C r_f ¡n kdS>¡-dp_¡-N°lZ L$f¡ sp¡ s¡ s¡_p A_„s k„kpf_y„ L$pfZ \pe R>¡ s¡\u s¡hy„ L$fhp
ep¡Áe _\u _\u _\u S>.
(9) kh®rhiyÙ op_ Ar^L$pf :- Ap Ar^L$pf ""kdekpf''ip÷_y„ lpv$® R>¡ A\p®s¹ Ap
ip÷_p¡ DØ¡i R>¡ kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$fphhy„ A_¡ `R>u rkÙÐh A`phhy„. A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs
L$fphhp dpV$¡ c¡v$op_ L$fphhp, S>¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ rhje R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡ iyÙpÐdp R>¡ s¡dp„ L$p¡C rhcphcph
_ lp¡hp\u A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ kh£ rhcphcph_p¡ Acph lp¡hp\u, s¡ kh®rhiyÙ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ A_pqv$A_„s
rhiyÙ cph R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`, ApÐdp_p klS> `qfZd_ê$`, NyZp¡_p klS>
`qfZd_ê$`, op_dpÓ, kpdpÞeop_ê$`, kpdpÞe Q¡s_pê$`, klS> Q¡s_pê$`, L$pfZiyÙ`ep®eê$`,
L$pfZkdekpfê$`, Q¥sÞe A_yrh^peu `qfZpdê$`, L$pfZ `fdpÐdpê$` hN¡f¡ A_¡L$ _pdp¡\u Ap¡mMpe
R>¡ A¡d Ap Ar^L$pfdp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡.
s¡hp kh® rhiyÙ (A\p®s¹ rÓL$pm rhiyÙ) cphdp„ Æh_¡ "ly„ `Ï„' A\p®s¹ ""õh`Ï„''L$fphu
õhpÐdp_yc|rs L$fphu kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$fphhy„ A_¡ s¡ S> cphdp„ hpf„hpf [õ\fsp„ L$fsp„ s¡ Æh Opsu
L$dp£_p¡ _pi L$fu L¡$hmop_-L¡$hmv$i®_ âpàs L$f¡ A_¡ `R>u Apeyne¡ dp¡n `pd¡ A\p®s¹ rkÙ \pe
A\p®s¹ kh®-A\®-rkÙ L$f¡ A¡hy„ rkÙÐh A`phhy„ s¡ S> Ap ip÷_p¡ DØ¡i R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u s¡ A¡L$ dpÓ
iyÙpÐdp_¡ S> Ap ip÷dp„ ApÐdp L$üp¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S> cph_y„ ârs`pv$_ |Z® ip÷dp„ L$f¡g R>¡; s¡ cph
A¡V$g¡ S> kh®rhiyÙop_ A\p®s¹ kdekpf _p¡ kpf.
ïgp¡L$ 193:- ""kdõs L$sp®-cp¡L$sp Apqv$ cphp¡_¡ kçe¼ âL$pf¡ _pi `dpX$u_¡ (A\p®s¹ iyÙ
Öìepr\®L$ _e¡ L$fu Np¥Z L$fu_¡ A\p®s¹ ApÐdp_¡ ÖìeÖ[óV$\u N°lZ L$fu_¡) `v$¡-`v$¡ (A\p®s¹ Æh_u v$f¡L$
`ep®edp„ L$pfZ L¡$ S>¡ Öìe R>¡ s¡_p¡ hs®dp_ cph A\p®s¹ Ahõ\p S> `ep®e L$l¡hpe R>¡ A_¡ s¡ `ep®e
_¡ ÖìeÖ[óV$\u Å¡sp„- N°lZ L$fsp„ S> s¡dp„ fl¡g rhcphcphê$` AiyrÙ Ö[óV$dp„ Aphsu S> _ lp¡hp\u
kçe¼ âL$pf¡ _pi `pd¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ AÐe„s Np¥Z \B Åe R>¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ Ry>`pe¡g ApÐdÄep¡rs A\p®s¹
iyÙpÐdp A_ychdp„ Aph¡ R>¡, s¡hp¡ cph) b„ - dp¡n_u fQ_p\u v$|f hs®sp¡ (A\p®s¹ rÓL$pm
iyÙê$`cph-kpdpÞecph) iyÙiyÙ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ fpNpqv$L$ dm s¡d S> AphfZ-b„_¡\u frls R>¡ A¡hp¡),
kdekpf_p Ar^L$pfp¡_y„ rhl„Nphgp¡L$_
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje150
S>¡_y„ `rhÓ AQm s¡S> r_S>fk_p (op_fk_p, op_Q¡s_pê$`u fk_p) a¡gph\u cf |f R>¡ A¡hp¡ A_¡
S>¡_p¡ drldp V$„L$p¡ÐL$uZ® (A\p®s¹ A¡hp¡_¡ A¡hp¡ S> D`S>sp¡ lp¡hp\u) âNV$ R>¡ A¡hp¡ Ap op_ y„S> ApÐdp
âNV$ \pe R>¡ (A\p®s¹ A_ychdp„ Aph¡ R>¡).''
Np\p 308 Np\p\®:- ""S>¡ Öìe S>¡ NyZp¡\u D`S>¡ R>¡ s¡ NyZp¡\u s¡_¡ A_Þe ÅZ; S>¡d
S>Nsdp„ L$X$p„ Apqv$ `ep®ep¡\u kyhZ® A_Þe R>¡ s¡d''
A\p®s¹ S>¡ `ep®e R>¡ s¡ Öìe_u S> b_¡g R>¡ A\p®s¹ `ep®eê$` rhi¡j cph_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S>
kpnps¹ Öìe lpS>f S> R>¡ s¡\u S> `ep®eÖ[óV$dp„ S>¡ `ep®e R>¡ s¡ S> ÖìeÖ[óV$A¡ dpÓ Öìe S> R>¡, Ðep„
`ep®e AÐe„s Np¥Zê$ ¡ lp¡hp\u S>Zpsu S> _\u; Ap S> fus R>¡ iyÙ Öìe_u âp[às_u.
Np\p 309 (Np\p\®):- ""Æh A_¡ AÆh_p„ S>¡ `qfZpdp¡ k|Ódp„ v$ip®ìep R>¡, s¡ `qfZpdp¡\u
s¡ Æh A\hp AÆh_¡ A_Þe ÅZ.'' Ap S> L$pfZ R>¡ L¡$ Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje L¡$ S>¡ `ep®e\u frls Öìe
L$l¡hpe R>¡ s¡_¡ âpàs L$fhp_u rhr^ Np\p 294dp„ âopê$` R>uZu = cNhsu âop = op_õhê$` by[Ý^
= sÒh_p r_Z®e krls_u by[Ý^ L$lu. s¡\u L$fu_¡ rhcphê$` cph_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> iyÙ_eê$` =
kdekpfê$` ApÐdp âpàs \pe R>¡.
Np\p 318 Np\p\®:- ""r_h£v$âpàs (h¥fpÁe_¡ `pd¡gp) op_u duW$p-L$X$hp (kyM-v$y:Mê$`)
blyrh^ L$d®am_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡. s¡\u s¡ Ah¡v$L$ R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ s¡_¡ L$d®-_p¡L$d® A_¡ s¡_p Apîe\u \hphpmp
cphp¡ dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' _rl lp¡hp\u A\p®s¹ s¡ cphp¡\u `p¡sp_¡ rcß A_ychsp¡ lp¡hp\u s¡ rhi¡j cphp¡_¡
A\p®s¹ kyM-v$yM_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ R>sp„ Ah¡v$L$ R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 205:- ""Ap Al¯s_p ds_p A_yepeuAp¡ A\p®s¹ S>¥_p¡ `Z ApÐdp_¡, kp„¿edsuAp¡_u
S>¡d, (kh®\p) AL$sp® _ dp_p¡; c¡v$op_ \ep„ `l¡gp„ s¡_¡ (A\p®s¹ rdÕepÖ[óV$_¡) r_fÞsf L$sp® dp_p¡,
A_¡ c¡v$op_ \ep `R>u (A\p®s¹ kçeÁÖ[óV$_¡) DÙs op_^pddp„ r_ròs A¡hp (A\p®s¹ dpÓ
kpdpÞeop_dp„ [õ\s A¡hp) Ap õhe„ âÐen ApÐdp_¡ L$sp® Zp rh_p_p¡, AQm, A¡L$ `fd opsp S>
v$¡Mp¡'' A\p®s¹ op_kpdpÞeê$` iyÙpÐdp dpÓ opsp S> R>¡, s¡ kpdpÞecph `fd AL$sp® R>¡ `f„sy S>¡_¡
s¡ cph_p¡ A_ych _\u A¡hp¡ Aop_u Å¡ `p¡sp_¡ AL$sp® dp_¡ sp¡ s¡ A¡L$p„s `pM„X$dsê$` kp„¿edsu
S>¡hp¡ \pe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ s¡_¡ A_„s k„kpf_y„ L$pfZ \pe R>¡.
Np\p 356 (Np\p\®):- ""S>¡d MX$u `f_u _\u, MX$u s¡ sp¡ MX$u S> R>¡, s¡d opeL$
(ÅZ_pfp¡, ApÐdp) `f_p¡ _\u (opeL$ A¡V$g¡ ÅZ_pf lp¡hp R>sp„ õh-`f_¡ ÅZhp_p¡ õhcph lp¡hp
R>sp„ s¡ `fê$ ¡ `qfZdu_¡ ÅZsp¡ _rl lp¡hp\u s¡ `f_p¡ _\u. `f„sy õh-`f_¡ ÅZhy„ s¡ sp¡ "õh'_y„ S>
151
`qfZd_ R>¡), opeL$ (õh-`f S>¡ ÅZ_pf) s¡ sp¡ opeL$ S> R>¡. (ârstbb_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ dpÓ
`fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` opeL$ S> R>¡.)''
ïgp¡L$ 215:- ""S>¡Z¡ iyÙ Öìe_p r_ê$`Zdp„ by[Ý^_¡ õ\p`u-gNpX$u R>¡ A_¡ S>¡ sÒh_¡
A_ych¡ R>¡, (A\p®s¹ S>¡ kçeÁ×róV$ R>¡) s¡ y{$j_¡ A¡L$ Öìe_u A„v$f L$p¡C`Z AÞe Öìe fl¡gy„ rbgLy$g
(L$v$pr`) cpksy„ _\u. (S>¡d Afukpdp„ ârstbb lp¡hp R>sp„ op_u Afukpdp„ L$p¡C AÞe `v$p\® L¡$ S>¡
ârstbbê$` R>¡ s¡ s¡dp„ O|ku Ne¡g ÅZsp¡ _\u A\p®s¹ op_u s¡_¡ Afukp_y„ S> `qfZd_ ÅZ¡ R>¡.
A\p®s¹ Ðep„ ârstbb_¡ Np¥Z L$fu_¡ Afukp_¡ Afukpê$ ¡ S> A_ych¡ R>¡ s¡d) op_ o¡e_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡
(A\p®s¹ op__y„ õh-`f âL$piL$`Ï„ R>¡, "ApÐdp Mf¡Mf `f_¡ ÅZsp¡ _\u' A¡hy„ õhê$` _\u) s¡ sp¡
Ap op__p iyÙ õhcph_p¡ Dv$e R>¡ Apd R>¡. (A\p®s¹ op_ õhcph\u S> õh-`f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ A¡hy„
S> R>¡.) sp¡ `R>u gp¡L$p¡ (Aop_u = rdÕepÐhu gp¡L$p¡) op__¡ AÞe Öìe kp\¡ õ`i® lp¡hp_u dpÞesp\u
ApLy$m by[Ý^hpmp \ep \L$p (A\p®s¹ Aop_u = rdÕepÐhu op_ `f_¡ ÅZ¡ sp¡ op__¡ `f kp\¡ õ`i®
\C Ne¡g dp_u_¡ ApLy$m by[Ý^hpmp \ep \L$p) sÒh\u (iyÙ õhê$`\u) (A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_\u) ip
dpV$¡ Ãeys \pe R>¡ ?'' A\p®s¹ Aphy„ kçe¼ õhê$` R>¡ õh-`f âL$piL$_y„, S>¡_¡ AÞe\p kdS>sp„/dp_sp„
rdÕepÐh_p¡ S> v$p¡j Aph¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ s¡_¡ A_„s k„kpf_y„ L$pfZ \pe R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 222:- "" |Z® (A\p®s¹ A¡L$ cpN iyÙ A_¡ buÅ¡ cpN AiyÙ A¡d _rl `f„sy S>¡
âdpZ_p rhjeê$` |Z® ApÐdp R>¡ s¡ S> |Z® ApÐdp ÖìeÖ[óV$A¡ |Z® iyÙê$` âpàs \pe R>¡), A¡L$
(A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ L$p¡C cpN _\u A\hp c¡v$ _\u A¡hp¡), AÃeys A_¡ iyÙ (A\p®s¹ v$f¡L$ kde¡ A¡hp¡ _¡
A¡hp¡ iyÙ cph¡ `qfZdsp¡, âNV$ \sp¡ A\p®s¹ rhL$pf frls) A¡hy„ op_ S>¡_p¡ drldp R>¡ (A\p®s¹ op_
s¡ ApÐdp_y„ gnZ lp¡B_¡, ApÐdp dpÓ op_\u S> N°pü R>¡ A_¡ s¡ S> s¡_p¡ drldp R>¡) A¡hp¡ Ap opeL$
ApÐdp (A\p®s¹ op_kpdpÞeê$` `fd`pqfZprdL$cph L¡$ S>¡ kh£ NyZp¡_p A\p®s¹ Öìe_p klS>
`qfZd_ê$` iyÙpÐdp R>¡ s¡-ÅZhphpmp¡ R>¡) s¡ (Akdu`hs}) L¡$ Ap (kdu`hs}) o¡e `v$p\p£\u
(A\p®s¹ `f `v$p\®_¡ ÅZsp„) S>fp `Z rhq¾$ep `pdsp¡ _\u, S>¡d v$uhp¡ âL$píe `v$p\p£\u rhq¾$ep `pdsp¡
_\u s¡d (A\p®s¹ `f_¡ ÅZsp„ ApÐdp_y„ S>fp`Z A_\® \sy„ _\u A_¡ buSy>„ op_kpdpÞecph `f_¡
ÅZhpê$` nep¡ idcph¡ `qfZd¡ R>¡ R>sp„ s¡ `p¡sp_y„ op_kpdpÞe`Ï„ A\p®s¹ `fd-`pqfZprdL$cph
`Ï„ R>p¡X$sp¡ _\u A\p®s¹ s¡ L$p¡C rhq¾$ep `pdsp¡ _\u A\p®s¹ s¡ `fd AL$sp® S> fl¡ R>¡, v$ ®Z_p ÖóV$p„s_u
S>¡d âL$píe `v$p\p£\u rhq¾$ep `pdsp¡ _\u), sp¡ `R>u A¡hu hõsy [õ\rs_p op_\u frls S>¡d_u by[Ý^
R>¡ A¡hp Aop_u Æhp¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡_¡ Ap hps _\u b¡ksu L¡$- S>¡ cph rhi¡jdp„ `f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ s¡ S>
cph kpdpÞeê$ ¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$`-klS>`qfZd_ê$`-iyÙpÐdpê$`-`fd AL$sp®cph R>¡ A_¡
s¡ `f_¡ ÅZsp„, S>fp `Z rhq¾$ep `pdsp¡ _\u; A¡hp Æhp¡_¡ Aop_u Æhp¡ dp_hp„, A¡hp Aop_u
kdekpf_p Ar^L$pfp¡_y„ rhl„Nphgp¡L$_
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje152
Æhp¡) `p¡sp_u klS> Dv$pku_sp_¡ L¡$d R>p¡X¡$ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ s¡ Aop_u Æhp¡ `p¡sp_p `fd-
`pqfZprdL$cphê$ -klS>`qfZd_ê$ -op_ kpdpÞecph_p¡ A_ych L¡$d L$fsp„ _\u?) A_¡ fpNÜ¡jde
L¡$d \pe R>¡? (A¡d ApQpe®v$¡h¡ ip¡Q L$ep£ R>¡ A\p®s¹ L$~Zp L$fu R>¡).''
A\p®s¹ hõsyõhê$` S>¡d R>¡ s¡d kdÆ_¡ kh£S>_p¡ kçeÁv$i®_ `pd¡ A¡hp¡ S> ApQpe®v$¡h_p¡
DØ¡i R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡ L$p¡C AÓ¡ S>Zph¡g hõsyõhê$`\u rh`fus dpÞesp `p¡jsp lp¡e A\hp âê$`Zp
L$fsp„ lp¡e sp¡, s¡Ap¡A¡ ÐhfpA¡ `p¡sp_u dpÞesp e\p\® L$fu g¡hu AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡\u s¡Ap¡
c°ddp„\u blpf _uL$mu iL¡$ A_¡ `p¡sp_y„ s\p AÞe A_¡L$p¡_p Arls_y„ L$pfZ b_sp„ bQu iL¡$ A_¡
hs®dp_ dp_hch kp\®L$ L$fu iL¡$.
ïgp¡L$ 232:- "" |h£ Aop_cph\u L$f¡gp„ S>¡ L$d® s¡ L$d®ê$`u rhjh©np¡_p„ am_¡ S>¡ y{$j (s¡_p¡
õhpdu \B_¡) cp¡Nhsp¡ _\u A_¡ Mf¡Mf `p¡sp\u S> (ApÐdõhê$`\u S>-s¡_p A_ych\u S>) s©á
R>¡, s¡ y{$j, S>¡ hs®dp_ L$pm¡ fdZue R>¡ (A\p®s¹ Ars[ÞÖe Ap_„v$ey¼s R>¡) A_¡ crhóedp„ `Z S>¡_y„
am fdZue R>¡ A¡hu r_óL$d®-kyMde (A\p®s¹ rkÙv$ipê$`) v$ip„sf_¡ `pd¡ R>¡.''
A\p®s¹ Ap Ar^L$pf_p¡ dd® A¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ iyÙpÐdpdp„ [õ\s R>¡ A¡hp¡ kçeÁÖ[óV$ Æh, dpÓ
ÅZ`Zpdp„ S> fl¡sp¡ lp¡hp\u AÐepf¡ `Z Ars[ÞÖe Ap_„v$dp„ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_y„ crhóe `Z s¡ S> R>¡
A\p®s¹ crhóedp„ rkÙ_p A_„s kyMp¡ s¡_¡ AphL$pfhp Dcp S> R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u s¡ S> kh£_¡ L$s®ìe R>¡
A\p®s¹ r_òe\u iyÙpÐdp S> kh£S>_p¡_¡ ifZc|s R>¡.
153
38
kdekpf_p `qfrióV$dp„\u A_¡L$p„s_y„ õhê$`
hõsy_y„ õhê$` A_¡L$p„sde R>¡ A_¡ "s¡ S>¡d R>¡ s¡d S>' kdS>hy„ AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡, AÞe\p
rdÕepÐh_p¡ _pi i¼e S> _\u. A_¡L$p„s_y„ õhê$` "kdekpf'_p `qfrióV$dp„ S>Zph¡g R>¡ s¡_p D`f
\p¡X$p¡L$ âL$pi `pX$uiy„.
ïgp¡L$ 247 (`R>u_u V$uL$p)- ""..... hmu, Äepf¡ s¡ op_dpÓ cph A¡L$ op_-ApL$pf_y„ N°lZ
L$fhp dpV$¡ A_¡L$ o¡epL$pfp¡_p„ ÐepN hX¡$ `p¡sp_p¡ _pi L$f¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph_u A_yc|rs
dpV$¡ A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_ âpàs L$fhp„ dpV$¡ "Æh Mf¡Mf `f_¡ ÅZsp¡ _\u' A¡d âê$`Zp L$fu_¡ op_dp„
S>¡ A_¡L$ o¡ep¡_p„ ApL$pf \pe R>¡ s¡d_p¡ ÐepN L$fu_¡ `p¡sp_¡ _óV$ L$f¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ o¡ep¡_p„ ÐepNdp„
op_kpdpÞe A\p®s¹ `fd`pqfZprdL$cph _óV$ \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ "ApÐdp Mf¡Mf `f_¡ ÅZsp¡ _\u'
A¡d L$l¡sp„ op__p _pi_p¡ âk„N Aph¡ R>¡. s¡ S> hps A ¡np gNphu_¡ L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ kdÆ iL$pe
`Z Ap hps A¡L$p„s¡ kÐe _\u) Ðepf¡ `ep®ep¡\u A_¡L$`Ï„ âL$pisp¡ \L$p¡ A_¡L$p„s S> s¡_¡ `p¡sp_p¡ _pi
L$fhp v$¡sp¡ _\u. (A\p®s¹ A_¡L$p„s S> bmhp_ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_p L$pfZ¡ ApÐdp_¡ õh-`f âL$piL$`Ï„
õhpcprhL$ R>¡) 4......Äepf¡ Ap op_dpÓ cph, ÅZhpdp„ Aphsp„ A¡hp„ `fÖìep¡_p `qfZd__¡ gu ¡
ops©Öìe_¡ `fÖìe`Z¡ dp_u_¡-A„NuL$pf L$fu_¡ _pi `pd¡ R>¡, (A\p®s¹ ApÐdp Mf¡Mf `f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡
`f„sy `f_¡ ÅZhpê$ ¡ s¡ Äepf¡ õhe„ `qfZd¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ s¡_¡ `fÖìeê$` dp_u_¡-s¡_¡ `fÖìeê$` A„NuL$pf
L$fu, `p¡s¡ _pi `pd¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ rdÕepÐh yóV$ L$f¡ R>¡), Ðepf¡ (s¡ op_dpÓcph_y„ A\p®s¹ o¡ep¡_¡)
õhÖìe\u kÐ`Ï„ âL$pisp¡ \L$p¡ A_¡L$p„s S> s¡_¡ rS>hpX¡$ R>¡-_pi `pdhp v$¡sp¡ _\u. 5.... Äepf¡ Ap
op_dpÓ cph Ar_Ðe op_rhi¡jp¡ hX¡$ (A\p®s¹ `f_¡ ÅZhpê$ ¡ `qfZdu_¡) `p¡sp_y„ r_Ðe op_kpdpÞe
M„qX$s \ey„ dp_u_¡ _pi `pd¡ R>¡, Ðepf¡ (s¡ op_dpÓ cph_y„) op_kpdpÞe ê$`\u r_Ðe`Ï„ âL$pisp¡
\L$p¡ A_¡L$p„s S> s¡_¡ rS>hpX¡$ R>¡-_pi `pdhp v$¡sp¡ _\u. (A\p®s¹ S>¡Ap¡ A¡hy„ dp_¡ R>¡ L¡$ "ApÐdp Mf¡Mf
`f_¡ ÅZsp¡ _\u A¡d dp_sp„ S> kçeÁv$i®_ \pe R>¡' s¡ c|gcf¡gy„ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ `f_y„ ÅZhy„ A\hp
S>Zphy„ ¼epf¡e kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡ bp^pL$pfL$ \sy„ _\u, L¡$dL¡$- s¡ `f_p ÅZhp_p `qfZd_ê$` `p¡sp_p
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje154
rhi¡j ApL$pfp¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> kdekpfê$` = `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` cph_u âp[às \pe R>¡,
kçeÁv$i®_ \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ Mf¡Mf sp¡ "`f_y„ ÅZhy„ s¡ õhdp„ S>hp_u kuX$uê$` R>¡' L$pfZ L¡$ õ\|m\u
S> k|ÿddp„ S>hpe A\p®s¹ âNV$\u S> AâNV$dp„ S>hpe A\p®s¹ ìe¼s\u S> Aìe¼sdp„ S>hpe A¡ S>
r_ed R>¡.) 13..... (Ap S> cph ïgp¡L$ 143dp„ `Z v$ip®h¡g R>¡ L¡$ klS> op__p `qfZd_ hX¡$
`fd`pqfZprdL$cph hX¡$ Ap op_dpÓ `v$ = kdekpfê$` ApÐdp L$d®\u Mf¡Mf ìepá _\u S>, L$d®\u
Æsu iL$pe s¡hp¡ _\u S>, dpV$¡ r_S> op__u L$mp_p„ bm\u-drsop_pqv$ê$`-o¡epL$pfê$` `qfZd_\u
Ap `v$_¡ = kdekpfê$` `v$_¡ = `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` `v$_¡ Aæepkhp_¡ S>Ns kss âepk L$fp¡.
AÓ¡ ApÐdp_y„ `f_y„ ÅZhy„ S>¡ R>¡ s¡_¡ kuX$u sfuL¡$ = Apg„b_ sfuL¡$ hp`fu_¡ kdekpfê$` cNhp_
ApÐdp_u âp[às dpV$¡ âepk L$fhp_y„ = Aæepkhp_y„ L$üy„ R>¡.)
hmu, Äepf¡ s¡ op_dpÓcph r_Ðe op_kpdpÞe_y„ N°lZ L$fhp dpV$¡ (kdekpfê$`
`fd`pqfZprdL$cph_p N°lZ dpV$¡ = kçeÁv$i®_ dpV$¡) Ar_Ðe op_ rhi¡jp¡_p ÐepN hX¡$ `p¡sp_p¡
_pi L$f¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ op__p rhi¡jp¡_p¡ ÐepN L$fsp„ S> `p¡s¡ `p¡sp_¡ _óV$ L$f¡ R>¡). Ðepf¡ (s¡ op_ dpÓ
cph_y„) op_rhi¡jê$`\u Ar_Ðe`Ï„ âL$pisp¡ \L$p¡ A_¡L$p„s S> s¡_¡ `p¡sp_p¡ _pi L$fhp v$¡sp¡ _\u.
(A\p®s¹ A¡d dp_sp„ L¡$ "ApÐdp Mf¡Mf `f_¡ ÅZsp¡ S> _\u' sp¡ o¡ep¡_p = Ar_Ðe op_ rhi¡jp¡_p
ÐepN hX¡$ `p¡sp_p¡ S> _pi \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ `p¡s¡ c°dê$` `qfZd¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ `p¡s¡ rdÕepÐhê$` `qfZd¡
R>¡. buSy>„, op_ rhi¡jê$` `ep®ep¡ A\p®s¹ rhcph `ep®e_p¡ ÐepN L$fsp„ `Z op__p¡ = `p¡sp_p¡ _pi
\pe R>¡ A_¡ `p¡s¡ c°ddp„ S> fl¡ R>¡ dpV$¡ rS>_pNddp„ "`ep®e frls Öìe' dpV$¡ op_ rhi¡jp¡_p¡ ÐepN
_l] A\p®s¹ rhcph `ep®e_p¡ ÐepN _lu `f„sy s¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fhp_y„ S> rh^p_ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ A_¡L$p„s õhê$`
ApÐdp_p¡ _pi \hp v$¡sp¡ _\u rdÕepÐh ê$ ¡ `qfZdphsp¡ _\u) 14.......''
ïgp¡L$ 250:- ""`iy A\p®s¹ kh®\p A¡L$p„shpv$u Aop_u, bpü `v$p\p£_¡ N°lZ L$fhp_p
(op__p) õhcph_u Arsiesp_¡ gu ¡ (AÓ¡ S>Zpìey„ R>¡ L¡$ ApÐdp `f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ s¡ s¡_p õhcph_u
Arsiesp R>¡), Qpf¡ sfa (kh®Ó) âNV$ \sp„ A_¡L$ âL$pf_p o¡epL$pfp¡\u S>¡_u ir¼s rhiuZ® \C NC
R>¡ A¡hp¡ \C_¡ kdõs`Z¡ s|V$u S>sp¡ \L$p¡ (A\p®s¹ M„X$M„X$ê$` A_¡L$ê$` - \C S>sp¡ \L$p¡. A\p®s¹
Aop_u_¡ M„X$M„X$ê$` rhi¡j cphp¡dp„ fl¡g op_ kpdpÞecph S>Zpsp¡ _\u = AM„X$ cph S>Zpsp¡
_\u dpV$¡ M„X$ M„X$ê$` rhi¡jcphp¡_p¡ r_j¡ L$f¡ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ s¡_p\u AM„X$op__p¡ = kpdpÞeop__p¡
_pi dp_¡ R>¡ A¡d `p¡s¡) _pi `pd¡ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ Aop_ `pd¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ A_¡L$ o¡ep¡_p ApL$pfp¡ op_dp„
S>Zpsp„ op__u ir¼s_¡ rR>ß-rcß M„X$M„X$ê$` \C S>su dp_u_¡ A\p®s¹ Aop_u A¡d L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ Äep„
ky u ApÐdp `f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ A¡d dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ Ðep„ ky u kçeÁv$i®_ \i¡ _rl = kdekpfê$` ApÐdp
âpàs \i¡ _rl A_¡ s¡\u S> A¡L$p„s¡ A¡hu âê$`Zp L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$-'ApÐdp Mf¡Mf `f_¡ ÅZsp¡ S> _\u'
155
s¡hp gp¡L$p¡_¡ AÓ¡ `iy A\p®s¹ kh®\p A¡L$p„shpv$u Aop_u L$üp„ R>¡.). A_¡ A_¡L$p„s_p¡ ÅZ_pf sp¡
(op_u = kçeÁv$i®_u), kv$pe Dqv$s (âL$pidp_ = op_ kpdpÞecph = `fd`pqfZprdL$cph =
kdekpfê$`cph) A¡L$Öìe`Zp_¡ gu ¡ (M„X$ M„X$ê$` cpksp op_dp„ R|>`pe¡g AM„X$ op_`Zp_u
A_yc|rs_¡ gu ¡) c¡v$_p c°d_¡ _óV$ L$fsp¡ \L$p¡ (A\p®s¹ o¡ep¡_p c¡v$¡ op_dp„ kh®\p c¡v$ `X$u Åe R>¡
A¡hp c°d_¡ _pi L$fsp¡ \L$p¡ - A¡V$g¡ L¡$ Å¡ op__¡ `f_y„ ÅZ`Ï„ dp_uA¡ sp¡ kçeÁv$i®_ _ \pe s¡hp
c°d_p¡ _pi L$fsp¡ \L$p¡) S>¡ A¡L$ R>¡ A_¡ S>¡_y„ A_ych_ (kdekpfê$` = `fd`pqfZprdL$cphê$` =
op_kpdpÞeê$` A¡L$ Ac¡v$ ApÐdp) r_bp® R>¡ A¡hp op__¡ v$¡M¡ R>¡-A_ych¡ R>¡.'' Aphy„ R>¡
S>¥_ipk__y„ A_¡L$p„sde op_.
ïgp¡L$ 261-cphp\®:- ""A¡L$p„shpv$u op__¡ kh®\p A¡L$pL$pf-r_Ðe âpàs L$fhp_u hp„R>p\u
D`S>su-rhZksu Q¥sÞe`qfZrs\u Sy>v$y„ L$p„CL$ op__¡ CÃR>¡ R>¡; (S>¡dL¡$ `f_¡ S>Zphp_p¡ r_j¡
L$fu_¡ A\hp sp¡ `ep®e_p¡ Ö[óV$_p rhjedp„ r_j¡ L$fu_¡); `f„sy `qfZpd (`ep®e = o¡e) rkhpe
Sy>v$p¡ L$p¡C `qfZpdu lp¡sp¡ _\u (Ap\u o¡e A\hp `ep®e_¡ L$pY$sp„ |Z® Öìep¡_p¡ S> gp¡ \pe R>¡
L¡$ S>¡\u `qfZpdu lp\ Aphsp¡ _\u = kçeÁv$i®_ âNV$ \sy„ _\u `f„sy dpÓ c°d_y„ S> kpd°pÄe
a¡gpe R>¡.) õepÜpv$u sp¡ A¡d dp_¡ R>¡ L¡$ - Å¡L¡$ Öìe¡ op_ r_Ðe R>¡ sp¡ `Z ¾$di: D`S>su-rhZksu
Q¥sÞe`qfZrs_p ¾$d_¡ gu ¡ op_ Ar_Ðe `Z R>¡ (A\p®s¹ op_kpdpÞe, r_Ðe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_y„ op_rhi¡j
b_¡gy„ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ Ar_Ðe R>¡); A¡hp¡ S> hõsyõhcph R>¡.'' Ap hps kh£ S>_p¡A¡, kçeÁv$i®_ A\£,
õhuL$pfhu AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 262:- ""Ap fus¡ A_¡L$p„s A\p®s¹ õepÜpv$ Aop_d|Y$ âpZuAp¡_¡ op_dpÓ ApÐdÐh
ârkÙ L$fsp¡ õhed¡h A_ychpe R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 265-cphp\®:- ""S>¡ kÐ y{jp¡ A_¡L$p„s kp\¡ kyk„Ns Ö[óV$ hX¡$ A_¡L$p„sde hõsy[õ\rs_¡
v$¡M¡ R>¡, s¡Ap¡ A¡ fus¡ õepÜpv$_u iy[Ý^_¡ `pdu_¡-ÅZu_¡, rS>_v$¡h_p dpN®_¡-õepv¹$hpv$Þepe_¡-_rl
Dëg„Osp \L$p, op_õhê$` \pe R>¡.'' A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®_u \pe R>¡.
ïgp¡L$ 270:- ""A_¡L$ âL$pf_u r_S> ir¼sAp¡_p kdyv$pede Ap ApÐdp _ep¡_u Ö[óV$\u
M„X$M„X$ê$` L$fhpdp„ Aphsp„ sÐL$pm _pi `pd¡ R>¡ (Å¡ L$p¡C`Z _e_¡ A¡L$p„s¡ N°lZ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ A\hp
L$p¡C`Z _e_u A¡L$p„s âê$`Zp L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ A\hp L$p¡C`Z _e_p¡ A¡L$p„s `n L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡
ApÐdp M„X$ M„X$ê$` \sp„ sÐL$pm _pi `pd¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ rdÕepÐhu \pe R>¡ A_¡ A_„s k„kpf h^pf¡ R>¡)
dpV$¡ ly„ A¡d A_ychy„ Ry>„ L¡$ S>¡dp„\u M„X$p¡_¡ r_fpL©$s (brlóL©$s) L$fhpdp„ Apìep _\u (A¡V$g¡ L¡$ s¡
M„X$M„X$ê$` o¡e lp¡ L¡$ rhcph `ep®e lp¡ s¡_¡ ApÐdpdp„\u v$|f _ L$fhp) R>sp„ S>¡ AM„X$ R>¡, A¡L$ R>¡, A¡L$p„s
ip„s R>¡ (A¡V$g¡ L¡$ M„X$M„X$ê$` rhi¡j cphdp„ AM„X$ kpdpÞecph fl¡g R>¡-Ry>`pe¡g R>¡. s¡\u M„X$ M„X$
kdekpf_p `qfrióV$dp„\u A_¡L$p„s_y„ õhê$`
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje156
cph_p¡ r_j¡ _\u s¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> AM„X$cph âpàs \pe R>¡) (A\p®s¹ L$d®_p Dv$e_p¡ g¡i `Z
_\u A¡hp AÐe„s ip„s cphde R>¡ `fd`pqfZprdL$cphde R>¡) A_¡ AQm R>¡ (A\p®s¹ L$d®_p Dv$e\u
Qmpìey„ Qmsy„ _\u) A¡h„y Q¥sÞedpÓ s¡S> "ly„ Ry>„'.'' Aphu R>¡ kçeÁv$i®__p rhje_¡ âpàs L$fhp_u
fus.
ïgp¡L$ 271-cphp\®:- ""op_dpÓ cph (`fd`pqfZprdL$cph) ÅZ_q¾$epê$` lp¡hp\u
op_õhê$` R>¡ (AÓ¡ kdS>hy„ A¡d L¡$ S>¡Ap¡ Aop_u R>¡ A_¡ S>¡Ap¡_¡ ApÐdpâp[às_u sg` `Z R>¡
s¡Ap¡A¡ op_ L¡$ S>¡ ApÐdp_y„ gnZ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ õh-`f_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ s¡_p¡ kuX$u sfuL¡$ D`ep¡N L$fu_¡ ApÐdp_p
op_dpÓ õhê$`_u âp[às L$fhu A\p®s¹ S>¡ o¡e_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ s¡ ÅZ_pfp¡ s¡ S> ly„ Ry>„ A¡d tQshhy„ A_¡
s¡ ÅZ_ q¾$ep hMs¡ S> o¡e_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S>, r_j¡ L$fsp„ _l] s¡ epv$ fpMhy„, kpdpÞeop_ê$`-
op_dpÓcph_u âp[às \pe R>¡) hmu s¡ `p¡s¡ S> _uQ¡ âdpZ¡ o¡eê$` R>¡ (o¡e R>¡ s¡ op_ S> R>¡ - A_¡
op_ R>¡ s¡ opeL$ S> R>¡. sp¡ `f_¡ ÅZhp_p¡ = o¡e_¡ ÅZhp_p¡ r_j¡ L$fsp„ op__p¡ r_j¡ \pe R>¡
= op_ dpÓ cph_p„ Acph_p¡ âk„N Aph¡ R>¡). bpü o¡ep¡ op_\u Sy>v$p„ R>¡, op_dp„ ¡ksp„ _\u;
o¡ep¡_p ApL$pf_u TgL$ op_dp„ Aphsp„ op_ o¡epL$pf ê$` v$¡Mpe R>¡ `f„sy A¡ op__p„ S> L$ëgp¡gp¡
(sf„Np¡) R>¡. (Äepf¡ o¡e_¡ ÅZhp_p¡ r_j¡ L$fsp„ op_ L$ëgp¡gp¡_p¡ S> r_j¡ \pe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ õhe„
op_dpÓ `p¡s¡ S> R>¡. dpV$¡ o¡e_¡ ÅZhp_p¡ r_j¡ L$fsp„ S> op_dpÓcph_p Acph_p¡ âk„N Aph¡ R>¡,
S>¡_y„ `qfZpd A¡L$dpÓ c°dê$` `qfZd_ S> R>¡.) s¡ op_L$ëgp¡gp¡ S> op_ hX¡$ S>Zpe R>¡. (AÓ¡ A¡
kdS>hy„ S>~fu R>¡ L¡$ Np\p : 6_u V$uL$pdp„ S>Zpìep A_ykpf op_ L$ëgp¡gp¡ = o¡epL$pf A_¡ op_dpÓ
A¡ b„_¡ Arcß S> R>¡ - A_Þe S> R>¡ A_¡ s¡_y„ A\p®s¹ L$sp®-L$d®_y„ A_Þe`Ï„ lp¡hp\u S> s¡ opeL$
R>¡) Ap fus¡ `p¡s¡ S> `p¡sp\u ÅZhpep¡Áe lp¡hp\u (A¡V$g¡ L¡$ op_ L$ëgp¡gp¡ A_¡ op_ A_Þe ê$ ¡ S>
R>¡. A_¡ Å¡ s¡dp„ L$ëgp¡gp¡_p¡ r_j¡ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ A\p®s¹ `f o¡e_¡ ÅZhp_p¡ r_j¡ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡
sp¡ s¡ r_j¡ opeL$_p¡ S> kdS>hp¡. L$pfZ L¡$ L$sp®-L$d®_y„ A_Þe`Ï„ lp¡hp\u o¡epL$pf opeL$ S> R>¡)
op_dpÓcph (`fd`pqfZprdL$cph) S> o¡eê$` R>¡ [AÓ¡ Å¡ o¡ep¡_¡ ÅZhp_p¡ r_j¡ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡
sp¡ op_ dpÓ cph_p¡ (kdekpfê$`cph_p¡) S> r_j¡ \sp„ s¡Ap¡_¡ ApÐdp_u âp[às \su _\u] hmu
`p¡s¡ S> (op_dpÓcph) `p¡sp_p¡ (o¡eê$` cph = op_ L$ëgp¡gp¡_p¡) ÅZ_pf lp¡hp\u op_dpÓ cph
S> opsp R>¡ = opeL$ R>¡ (A\p®s¹ S>¡ o¡e_¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ s¡ S> ly„ Ry>„ = Ðep„ o¡ep¡_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S> ly„ âNV$
\pe R>¡ _l] L¡$ o¡ep¡_¡ ÅZhp_p¡ r_j¡ L$fsp„). Ap âdpZ¡ op_dpÓ cph op_, o¡e, opsp A¡ ÓZ¡
cphp¡ey¼s kpdpÞerhi¡jõhê$` hõsy R>¡, (kpdpÞe-rhi¡jdp„ r_ed A¡hp¡ R>¡ L¡$ rhi¡j_¡ L$pY$sp„
kpdpÞe S> _uL$mu Åe R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ rhi¡j kpdpÞe_y„ S> b_¡g lp¡hp\u, rhi¡j_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp„ S>
kpdpÞe lpS>f \pe R>¡ A¡d kdS>hy„ dpV$¡ op_, o¡e, opspdp„\u L$p¡C`Z A¡L$_p¡ r_j¡ s¡ ÓZ¡_p¡
157
A¡V$g¡ L¡$ opeL$_p¡ S> r_j¡ R>¡ A¡d kdS>hy„). "Aphp¡ op_dpÓcph ly„ Ry>„' A¡d A_ych L$f_pf y{$j
A_ych¡ R>¡. (A\p®s¹ Ap S>¡ ÅZ¡ R>¡ s¡ ly„ Ry>„ `R>u s¡ ÅZhy„ õh_y„ lp¡e L¡$ `f_y„ lp¡e `f„sy AÓ¡ A¡
kdS>hy„ dlÐh_y„ R>¡ L¡$ L$p¡C`Z fus¡ A¡V$g¡ L¡$ õh_y„ A\hp `f_y„, L$p¡C`Z ÅZ`Ï„ _L$pfsp„ S>
ApÐdp_p¡-opeL$_p¡ _L$pf lp¡hp\u s¡ rS>_ds bpü S> R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ kdekpf Np\p-2_u V$uL$pdp„ `Z
õ`óV$ S>Zph¡g S> R>¡.)''
Ap S> hps ïgp¡L$ 140:-dp„ `Z S>Zph¡g R>¡ L¡$ ""A¡L$ opeL$cph\u cf¡gp dlpõhpv$_¡ g¡sp¡,
(A¡ fus¡ op_dp„ A¡L$pN° \sp„ buÅ¡ õhpv$ Aphsp¡ _\u dpV$¡) Ü„Üde õhpv$_¡ g¡hp Akd\® (Ðep„ õh-
`f _\u dpÓ ly„ Ry>„) (A\p®s¹ hZp®qv$L$, fpNpqv$L$ s\p nep¡ irdL$ op__p c¡v$p¡_¡ õhpv$ g¡hp_¡ Akd\®
= dpV$¡ A¡d L$lu iL$pe L¡$ A_yc|rs_p L$pm¡ ApÐdp `f_¡ ÅZsp¡ _\u) ApÐdp_p A_ych_p õhpv$_p
âcph_¡ Ap^u_ \ep¡ lp¡hp\u r_S> hõsyh©rÑ_¡ (ApÐdp_u iyÙ `qfZrs_¡ = `fd`pqfZprdL$cph_¡
= kdekpfê$`cph_¡ = L$pfZiyÙ`ep®e_¡) ÅZsp¡-Apõhpv$sp¡ (A\p®s¹ ApÐdp_p ArÜsue õhpv$_p
A_ychdp„\u blpf _l] Aphsp¡ = A\p®s¹ Ðep„ L$p¡C S> õh-`f _\u, Ðep„ Öìe `ep®e A¡hp¡ L$p¡C S>
c¡v$ _\u, L$pfZ L¡$ hs®dp_ `ep®edp„ S> |Z® Öìe A„sN®s R>¡ = kdpe¡g R>¡.) Ap ApÐdp op__p
rhi¡jp¡_p Dv$e_¡ Np¥Z L$fsp¡ (AÓ¡ kdS>hp_y„ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ rhi¡jp¡_p¡ r_j¡ _\u s¡_¡ dpÓ Np¥Z L$ep® R>¡.
Ap S> fus R>¡ A_ych_u) kpdpÞedpÓ op__¡ Aæepksp¡, kL$m op__¡ A¡L$`Zpdp„ gph¡ R>¡ - A¡L$ê$ ¡
âpàs L$f¡ R>¡.''
ïgp¡L$ 275:- ""klS> (`p¡sp_p "õh'cphê$`) ('õh'_p klS> ch_ê$` = "õh'_y„ klS>
`qfZd_ = `fd`pqfZprdL$cph = L$pfZiyÙ`ep®e) s¡S>: y„S>dp„ (op_dpÓdp„) ÓZ gp¡L$_p `v$p\p£
d‚ \sp„ lp¡hp\u (op_dpÓ A¡hp ApÐdp_p¡ õhcph S> õh-`f_¡ ÅZhp_p¡ R>¡ s¡\u L$fu_¡ kh£ o¡ep¡
S>Zpe R>¡ = ÅZ¡ R>¡) S>¡dp„ A_¡L$ c¡v$p¡ \sp„ v$¡Mpe R>¡ (A\p®s¹ op_dpÓ cph_y„ o¡eê$ ¡ `qfZd_
v$¡Mpe R>¡ = \pe R>¡. R>sp„ s¡_p\u X$fu_¡ L$p„C S>¡ op_dpÓ cph_p¡ õhcph R>¡, o¡e_¡ ÅZhp_p¡, s¡_p¡
r_j¡ L$p¡C L$pm¡ \C iL¡$ s¡d _\u.) sp¡ `Z S>¡_y„ A¡L$ S> õhê$` R>¡ (kpdpÞecph M„X$M„X$ \sp¡ _\u,
s¡ Ac¡v$ S> fl¡ R>¡ dpV$¡ `f_¡ ÅZhpdp„ X$fhp_u L$p¡C S> hps _\u.)....''
kh®S>_p¡ Ap kdekpfê$` iyÙpÐdpdp„ [õ\s \pAp¡ A_¡ Ane kyM_u âp[às L$fp¡ A¡ S>
cph_p kl Ad¡ ApV$gy„ rhõspf\u gM¡g R>¡ R>sp„ dpfu R>v¹$dõ\ v$ip_¡ L$pfZ¡, Ap yõsL$dp„ L$p„C`Z
c|g-Q|L$ \C lp¡e sp¡ Ap` ky pfu_¡ hp„Qip¡ A_¡ dpfp\u rS>_pop rh~Ù L$p„C`Z gMpey„ lp¡e sp¡ dpfp„
rÓrh ¡ rÓrh ¡ rdÃR>prd v$y½$X„$!
kdekpf_p `qfrióV$dp„\u A_¡L$p„s_y„ õhê$`
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje158
39
bpf cph_p
Ar_Ðe cph_p- kh£ k„ep¡Np¡ Ar_Ðe R>¡, Ndsp A\hp AZNdsp A¡hp s¡ L$p¡C S> k„ep¡N
dpfu kp\¡ r_Ðe fl¡hphpmp„ _\u, s¡\u s¡_p¡ dp¡l A\hp v$y:M_p¡ ÐepN L$fhp¡-s¡dp„ "ly„ `Ï„' A_¡
dpfp`Ï„ ÐepNhy„.
AifZ cph_p- dpfp `p`p¡_p Dv$eh¡mp„ d_¡ dpsp-r`sp, `Ð_u- yÓ, ¥kp¡ hN¡f¡ L$p¡C S>
ifZê$` \C iL¡$ s¡d _\u, s¡Ap¡ dp{„$ v$y:M gC iL¡$ s¡d _\u, s¡\u s¡Ap¡_p¡ dp¡l ÐepNhp¡-s¡Ap¡dp„
dpfp`Ï„ ÐepNhy„ `f„sy afS> yf¡ yfu bÅhhu.
k„kpf cph_p- k„kpf A¡V$g¡ k„kfZ-fMX$`Ë$u A_¡ s¡dp„ A¡L$ kde_p„ kyM_u kpd¡
A_„sL$pm_y„ v$y:M dm¡ R>¡; sp¡ A¡hp¡ k„kpf L$p¡_¡ Nd¡? A\p®s¹ _ S> Nd¡ A_¡ s¡ dpV$¡ A¡L$ dpÓ gn
k„kpf\u Ry>V$hp„_y„ S> fl¡hy„ Å¡CA¡.
A¡L$Ðh cph_p- A_pqv$\u ly„ A¡L$gp¡ S> fMXy„$ Ry>„, A¡L$gp¡ S> v$y:M cp¡Nhy„ Ry>„; dfZ kde¡
dpfu kp\¡ L$p¡C S> Aphhp_y„ _\u, dp{„$ L$l¡hpsy„ A¡hy„ ifuf `Z _rl, sp¡ dpf¡ i¼e lp¡e s¡V$gy„ `p¡spdp„
S> (ApÐdpdp„ S>) fl¡hp_p¡ âeÐ_ L$fhp¡.
AÞeÐh cph_p- ly„ L$p¡Z Ry>„? s¡ tQshhy„ A\p®s¹ |h£ S>Zpìep„ A_ykpf yv¹$Ng A_¡ yv¹$Ng
(L$d®) Aprîs cphp¡\u `p¡sp_¡ Sy>v$p¡ cphhp¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ S> "ly„ `Ï„' L$fhy„, s¡_p¡ S> A_ych L$fhp¡, s¡_¡
S> kçeÁv$i®_ L$l¡hpe R>¡. s¡ S> Ap Æh__y„, A¡L$ dpÓ gn A_¡ L$s®ìe lp¡hy„ Å¡CA¡.
AiyrQ cph_p- d_¡, dpfp„ ifuf_¡ ky„v$f bsphhp_p„ = iZNpfhp_p S>¡ cph R>¡ A_¡
rhÅsue_p„ ifuf_y„ ApL$j®Z R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ ifuf_u QpdX$u_¡ lV$phsp„ S> dpÓ dp„k, gp¡lu, `~„, dm, d|Ó
hN¡f¡ S> S>Zpe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ AiyrQê$` S> R>¡ A¡hy„ tQshu `p¡sp_p„ ifuf_p¡ A_¡ rhÅsue_p„ ifuf_p¡ dp¡l
ÐeS>hp¡, s¡dp„ d|„Tphy„ (dp¡rls \hy„) _rl.
Apöh cph_p- yÎe A_¡ `p`, A¡ bß¡ dpfp (ApÐdp) dpV$¡ Apöh R>¡; s¡\u rhh¡L¡$ L$fu
â\d `p`p¡_p¡ ÐepN L$fhp¡ A_¡ A¡L$ dpÓ ApÐdâp[às_p gn¡ iyccphdp„ fl¡hy„ L$s®ìe R>¡.
159
k„hf cph_p- kpQp (L$pe®L$pfu) k„hf_u i~Aps kçeÁv$i®_\u S> \pe R>¡, s¡\u s¡_p gn¡
`p`p¡_p¡ ÐepN L$fu, A¡L$ dpÓ kpQp k„hf_p gn¡ Öìek„hf `pmhp¡.
r_S>®fp cph_p- kpQu (L$pe®L$pfu) r_S>®fp_u i~Aps kçeÁv$i®_\u S> \pe R>¡, s¡\u s¡_p
gn¡ `p`p¡_p¡ ÐepN L$fu, A¡L$ dpÓ kpQu r_S>®fp_p gn¡ e\pir¼s s` ApQfhy„.
gp¡L$õhê$` cph_p- â\d gp¡L$_y„ õhê$` ÅZhy„, `R>u tQshhy„ L¡$ ly„ A_pqv$\u Ap gp¡L$dp„ kh£
âv$¡i¡ A_„suhpf S>_çep¡ A_¡ dfZ `pçep¡; A_„sp v$y:Mp¡ cp¡Nìep„, lh¡ ¼ep„ ky u Ap Qpgy fpMhy„ R>¡?
A\p®s¹ s¡_p A„s dpV$¡ kçeÁv$i®_ AphíeL$ R>¡, sp¡ s¡_u âp[às _p¡ D`pe L$fhp¡. buSy>„ gp¡L$dp„ fl¡g
A_„sp rkÙ cNh„sp¡ A_¡ k„¿epsp Aqfl„s cNh„sp¡ A_¡ kp y cNh„sp¡_¡ h„v$Zp L$fhu, A_¡
Ak„¿epsp îphL$-îprhL$pÆAp¡ s\p kçeÁÖ[óV$Æhp¡_u A_ydp¡v$_p L$fhu, âdp¡v$ L$fhp¡.
bp¡r^ v$yg®c cph_p- bp¡r^ A¡V$g¡ kçeÁv$i®_, A_pqv$\u Ap`Zu fMX$`Ë$u_y„ Å¡ L$p¡C L$pfZ
lp¡e sp¡ s¡ R>¡ kçeÁv$i®__p¡ Acph; s¡\u kdÅe R>¡ L¡$ kçeÁv$i®_ L¡$V$gy„ v$yg®c R>¡, L$p¡CL$ ApQpe®
cNh„s¡ sp¡ L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$- hs®dp_ L$pmdp„ kçeÁÖ[óV$, Ap„Nmu_p h¡Y$¡ NZu iL$pe A¡V$gp„ S> lp¡e R>¡.
^d®õhê$` cph_p- hs®dp_ L$pmdp„ ^d®õhê$`dp„ OZu rhL©$rsAp¡ âh¡iu Q|L¡$g lp¡hp\u,
kÐe^d®_u ip¡ A_¡ s¡_y„ S> tQs_ L$fhy„; kh® y{$jp\® s¡_¡ `pdhpdp„ gNphhp¡.
bpf cph_p
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje160
40tQs_ L$rZL$pAp¡
♦ A¡L$ kdqL$s `pA¡ rb_p, s`-S>`-q¾$ep ap¡L$; S>¥kp dyv$p® rk_Npf_p, kdS> L$l¡ rsgp¡L$. A\p®s¹kçeÁv$i®_ hNf_u kh® q¾$ep-s`-S>`-îphL$`Ï„-nyëgL$`Ï„-kp y Ï„ hN¡f¡ dX$v$p_¡ iZNpfhp„S>¡hy„ r_f\®L$ R>¡. AÓ¡ L$l¡hp_p¡ cphp\® A¡ R>¡ L¡$ Aphp„ kçeÁv$i®_ hNf_u q¾$ep-s`-S>`-
îphL$`Ï„-nyëgL$`Ï„-kp y Ï„ ch_p¡ A„s L$fhp„ L$pe®L$pfu _\u A\p®s¹ s¡ _ L$fhy„ A¡d _rl `f„sys¡dp„ S> k„sp¡jpC _ S>hy„ A\p®s¹ s¡_p\u S> `p¡sp_¡ L©$s-L©$Ðe _ kdS>sp„, kh® âeÐ_ A¡L$ dpÓr_òe kçeÁv$i®__u âp[às A\£ S> L$fhp„.
♦ cNhp__p„ v$i®_ L$C fus¡ L$fhp„? cNhp__p„ NyZp¡_y„ tQs_ L$fhy„ A_¡ cNhp_, cNhp_ b_hpS>¡ dpN£ Qpëep„ s¡ dpN£ Qpghp_p¡ ÖY$ r_^p®f L$fhp¡ s¡ S> kpQp v$i®_ R>¡.
♦ k„ |Z® k„kpf A_¡ kp„kpqfL$ kyMp¡ âÐe¡_p h¥fpÁe hNf A\p®s¹ k„kpf A_¡ kp„kpqfL$ kyMp¡_u ~rQ
krls dp¡ndpN®_u i~Aps \hu AÐe„s v$yg®c R>¡ A\p®s¹ kçeÁv$i®__u âp[às \hu AÐe„s v$yg®cR>¡.
♦ Æh_¡ Qpf k„op/k„õL$pf-Aplpf, d¥\y_, `qfN°l A_¡ ce A_pqv$\u R>¡, s¡\u s¡_p rhQpfp¡ klS>lp¡e R>¡. s¡hp„ rhQpfp¡\u S>¡_¡ R|>V$L$pfp¡ Å¡Csp¡ lp¡e s¡Ap¡A¡ `p¡sp_p¡ s¡_p sfa_p¡ Ndp¡ s`pkhp¡ A\p®s¹
Äep„ ky u Ap k„opAp¡ Nd¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡dp„ kyM cpk¡ R>¡, S>¡dL¡$- L|$sfp _¡ lpX$Ly„$ Qykhp Ap`sp„s¡_¡ s¡ spmhpdp„ OkpC_¡ gp¡lu _uL$m¡ R>¡, L¡$ S>¡_¡ s¡ A¡d kdS>¡ R>¡ L¡$ gp¡lu lpX$L$pdp„\u _uL$m¡ R>¡A_¡ s¡\u s¡_¡ s¡_p¡ Ap_„v$ \pe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ dpÓ s¡_p¡ c°d S> R>¡. Ap fus¡ Äep„ ky u Ap Aplpf, d¥\y_,
`qfN°l A_¡ ce A\p®s¹ bmhp__p¡ X$f A_¡ _bmp_¡ X$fphhp„/v$bphhp„ Nd¡ R>¡ Ðep„ ky u s¡ Æh_¡s¡_p rhQpfp¡ klS> lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ s¡\u s¡_p k„kpf_p¡ A„s \sp¡ _\u. s¡\u dp¡n¡ÃRy>A¡ Ap A_pqv$_pDgV$p k„õL$pfp¡_¡ d|m\u L$pY$hp_p¡ y{$jp\® Apv$fhp_p¡ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_p dpV$¡ kh®â\d Ap k„opAp¡ âÐe¡_p¡
Apv$f _uL$mhp¡ AphíeL$ R>¡, s¡\u kh® `y{$jp\® s¡Ap¡ âÐe¡ h¥fpÁe \pe s¡_p dpV$¡ S> gNphhp¡AphíeL$ R>¡ L¡$ S>¡_p dpV$¡ kv¹$hp„Q_ A_¡ kpQu kdS>Z AphíeL$ R>¡.
♦ sd_¡ iy„ Nd¡ R>¡? Ap R>¡ ApÐdâp[às_y„ b¡fp¡duV$f-\dp£duV$f. Ap âï__p¡ DÑf tQshhp¡. Äep„ ky u
DÑfdp„ L$p¡C`Z kp„kpqfL$ CÃR>p/ApL$p„np lp¡e Ðep„ ky u `p¡sp_u Nrs k„kpf sfa_u kdS>hu A_¡Äepf¡ DÑf- A¡L$ dpÓ ApÐdâp[às, A¡hp¡ lp¡e sp¡ kdS>hy„ L¡$ Ap`_p k„kpf_p¡ qL$_pfp¡ bly _ÆL$Aphu Ne¡g R>¡. dpV$¡ s¡ dpV$¡_p¡ y{$jp\® h^pfhp¡.
♦ sd_¡ iy„ Nd¡ R>¡? Ap R>¡ sdpfu cr¼s_y„ b¡fp¡duV$f-\dp£duV$f. A\p®s¹ cr¼sdpN®_u ìep¿ep A¡ R>¡L¡$ S>¡ Ap`_¡ Nd¡ R>¡, s¡ sfa Ap`_u klS> cr¼s kdS>hu. cr¼sdpN® A¡V$g¡ h¡hgp„h¡X$p„ê$` A\hp
161
ìer¼sfpNê$` cr¼s _ kdS>hu, `f„sy S>¡ Ap`_¡ Nd¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ S>¡dp„ Ap`_u ~rQ R>¡ s¡ sfa S>Ap`_u |Z® ir¼s L$pd¡ gpN¡ R>¡; s¡\u S>¡_¡ ApÐdp_u ~rQ ÅNu R>¡ A_¡ dpÓ s¡_p¡ S> rhQpf Aph¡R>¡, s¡_u ârá_p S> D`pep¡ rhQpfpe R>¡, sp¡ kdS>hy„ L¡$ dpfu cr¼s e\p\® R>¡ A\p®s¹ ly„ kpQp
cr¼sdpN£ Ry>„. A\p®s¹ Äep„ ky u sd_¡ iy„ Nd¡ R>¡ _p DÑfdp„ L$p¡C`Z kp„kpqfL$ CÃR>p/ApL$p„nplp¡e A\hp L$p¡C ìer¼s lp¡e Ðep„ ky u `p¡sp_u cr¼s k„kpf sfa_u kdS>hu A_¡ Äepf¡ DÑf-A¡L$ dpÓ ApÐdâp[às, A¡hp¡ lp¡e sp¡ kdS>hy„ L¡$ Ap`_p k„kpf_p¡ qL$_pfp¡ bly _ÆL$ Aphu Ne¡g
R>¡. A\p®s¹ cr¼s A¡V$g¡ k„h¡N kdS>hp¡ L¡$ S>¡ h¥fpÁe A\p®s¹ r_h£v$ krls S> ApÐdâp[às dpV$¡L$pe®L$pfu R>¡.
♦ Acev$p_, op_v$p_, Aßv$p_, ^_v$p_, Ap¥j^v$p_ dp„ Acev$p_ Ars î¡›$ R>¡. dpV$¡ kh£A¡ fp¡tS>v$p
Æh_dp„ S>eZp fpMhu AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡.
♦ ^_ yÎe\u âpàs \pe R>¡ L¡$ dl¡_s\u A\p®s¹ y{$jp\®\u? DÑf- ^_ _u âp[àsdp„ yÎe_p¡ apmp¡Ar^L$ R>¡ A_¡ dl¡_s A\p®s¹ y{$jp\®_p¡ apmp¡ Ap¡R>p¡ R>¡. L$pfZ L¡$ S>¡_p¡ S>Þd ^_hp_ Ly$Vy$„bdp„ \pe
R>¡ s¡_¡, L$p¡C`Z âeÐ_ hNf S> ^_ âpàs \pe R>¡ A_¡ „ pdp„ OZu dl¡_s L$fsp„ gp¡L$p¡ `Z, ^_Nydphsp„ S>Zpe R>¡. ^_ L$dphhp dpV$¡ âeÐ_ AphíeL$ R>¡, `f„sy L¡$V$gp¡? L$pfZ L¡$ OZp„ gp¡L$p¡_¡ blyAp¡R>p„ âeÐ_¡ Ar^L$ ^_ âpàs \sy„ v$¡Mpe R>¡, Äepf¡ L$p¡C_¡ OZp„ âeÐ_ R>sp„ Ap¡Ry>„ ^_ âpàs \sy„S>Zpe R>¡; s¡\u A¡ r_ròs \pe R>¡ L¡$ ^_ âeÐ_ L$fsp„ yÎe_¡ Ar^L$ hf¡g R>¡. s¡\u S>¡_¡ ^_ dpV$¡
dl¡_s L$fhu AphíeL$ gpNsu lp¡e s¡Ap¡A¡ `Z h^pf¡dp„ h^pf¡ A^p£ kde S> A\p£ pS>®_dp„ A_¡Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>p¡ A^p£ kde sp¡ ^d®dp„ S> gNphhp„ ep¡Áe R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ ^d®\u A_„s L$pm_y„ v$y:M V$m¡R>¡ A_¡ kp\¡ kp\¡ `yÎe_p„ L$pfZ¡ ^_ `Z klS> S> âpàs \pe R>¡. S>¡d OJ hphsp„ kp\¡ Opk
Ap`d¡m¡ S> âpàs \pe R>¡, s¡d kÐe^d® L$fsp„ `p`p¡ lmhp„ b_¡ R>¡ A_¡ yÎe suh° b_¡ R>¡ s¡\uchL$V$u _u kp\¡ kp\¡ ^_ A_¡ kyM Ap`d¡m¡ S> âpàs \pe R>¡ A_¡ crhóedp„ Aìepbp^ kyMê$`dyr¼s dm¡ R>¡.
♦ `y{$jp\®\u ^d® \pe A_¡ `yÎe\u ^_ dm¡. A\p®s¹ `|Z® `y{$jp\® ^d®dp„ gNphhp¡ A_¡ ^_L$dphhpdp„ Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>p¡ kde h¡X$ahp¡ L$pfZ L¡$ ^_ dl¡_s_p A_y`psdp„ ( = âdpZdp„ =PROPORTIONATE) _\u dmsy„ `f„sy ^_ yÎe_p A_y psdp„ dm¡ R>¡.
♦ L$dp£_p¡ S>¡ b„ \pe R>¡, s¡_p„ Dv$eL$pm¡ ApÐdp_p„ L¡$hp„ cph \i¡? A\p®s¹ s¡ L$dp£_p Dv$eL$pm¡ _hp„L$dp£ L¡$hp„ b„ pi¡, s¡_¡ s¡ L$d®_p¡ A_yb„ L$l¡hpe R>¡; s¡ A_yb„ Arcâpe_y„ am R>¡, dpV$¡ kh® y{$jp\®Arcâpe bv$gphhp„ gNphhp¡ A\p®s¹ Arcâpe_¡ kçe¼ L$fhpdp„ gNphhp¡.
♦ õhê$`\u ly„ rkÙkd lp¡hp„ R>sp„, fpN-Ü¡j dpfp„ L$g„L$ kdp_ R>¡ dpV$¡ s¡_¡ ^p¡hp_p„ (V$pmhp_p„)Ýe¡e |h®L$, ^Ni A_¡ ¥e®krls ^d® y{$jp\® Apv$fhp¡.
tQs_ L$rZL$pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje162
♦ k„sp¡j, kfmsp, kpv$Nu, kdsp, krlóÏsp, kl_iugsp, _d°sp, gOysp, rhh¡L$ ApÐdâp[às_u
ep¡Áesp dpV$¡ Æh_dp„ L¡$mhhp„ AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡.
♦ s`õepdp„ _hhpX$ rhiyÙ b°ûQe® Ars î¡›$ R>¡.
♦ k„kpfu Æhp¡ r_rdÑhpku lp¡e R>¡. L$pe®ê$` sp¡ r_ed\u D`pv$p_ S> `qfZd¡ R>¡, `f„sy s¡ D`pv$p_dp„
L$pe® \pe Ðepf¡ r_rdÑ_u lpS>fu Arh_pcph¡ lp¡e S> R>¡; A\p®s¹ rhh¡L¡$ L$fu dydynyÆh kdS>¡ R>¡
L¡$ L$pe® cg¡ dpÓ D`pv$p_dp„ \pe, f„sy s¡\u L$fu_¡ p¡sp_¡ õhÃR>„v$¡ L$p¡C`Z r_rdÑ k¡hhp_p¡ fhp_p¡
_\u dmu S>sp¡ A_¡ s¡\u S> s¡Ap¡ _bmp r_rdÑp¡\u cu~cph¡ v$|f S> fl¡ R>¡.
♦ kp^L$ ApÐdpA¡ V$u.hu., rk_¡dp, _pV$L$, dp¡bpCg, CÞV$f_¡V$ hN¡f¡ S>¡hp„ _bmp r_rdÑp¡\u v$|f S>
fl¡hy„ AphíeL$ R>¡ L$pfZ L¡$ Nd¡ s¡V$gp„ kpfp„ cphp¡_¡ afu S>sp„ hpf _\u gpNsu. buSy>„ Ap b^p„ S>
_bmp r_rdÑp¡ A_„s k„kpf A\p®s¹ A_„s v$y:M_u âp[às_p L$pfZ b_hp„ knd R>¡.
♦ dpsp-r`sp_p D`L$pfp¡ _p¡ bv$gp¡ L$p¡Cfus¡ hpmu iL$psp¡ _\u, A¡L$ dpÓ s¡Ap¡_¡ d® dpX$u_¡ S> hpmu
iL$pe R>¡. s¡\u dpsp-r`sp_u k¡hp L$fhu. dpsp-r`sp _p¡ õhcph A_yL|$m _ lp¡e sp¡ `Z s¡Ap¡_u
k¡hp yf¡ yfu L$fhu A_¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ ^d® `dpX$hp¡, s¡_p dpV$¡ â\d `p¡s¡ ^d® `pdhp¡ AphíeL$ R>¡.
♦ ^d® _ gS>hpe s¡_¡ dpV$¡ kh® S>¥_p¡A¡ `p¡sp_p„ Ly$Vy$„bdp„, ìehkpedp„-v$yL$p_, Ap¡qak hN¡f¡dp„ s\p
kdpS> kp\¡_p¡ `p¡sp_p¡ ìehlpf kpfp¡ S> lp¡e s¡_y„ Ýep_ fpMhy„ S>~fu R>¡.
♦ A ¡np, ApN°l, Apkr¼s, Al„L$pf L$pY$u _pMhp„ AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡.
♦ õhv$p¡j Å¡hp¡, `f v$p¡j _tl, `f NyZ Å¡hp¡ A_¡ s¡ N°lZ L$fhp¡ AÐe„s AphíeL$ R>¡.
♦ A_pqv$_u C[ÞÖep¡_u Nygpdu R>p¡X$hp„ S>¡hu R>¡.
♦ S>¡ C[ÞÖep¡_p rhjep¡dp„ S>¡V$gu Apkr¼s h^pf¡, S>¡V$gp¡ S>¡ B[ÞÖep¡_p¡ v$yf-D`ep¡N h^pf¡; s¡V$gu s¡
B[ÞÖep¡ crhóedp„ A_„sL$pm ky u dmhp_u k„cph_p„ Ap¡R>u.
♦ dpfp S> ¾$p¡ , dp_, dpep, gp¡c dpfp L$Ë$f iÓy R>¡, bpL$u rhïhdp„ dpfp¡ L$p¡B iÓy S> _\u.
♦ A¡L$ A¡L$ L$jpe A_„s `fphs®_ L$fphhp ir¼sdp_ R>¡ A_¡ dpfpdp„ s¡ L$jpep¡_p¡ hpk R>¡, sp¡ dp{
iy„ \i¡? dpV$¡ ÐhfpA¡ kh® L$jpep¡ _p¡ _pi CÃR>hp¡ A_¡ s¡_p¡ S> y{$jp\® Apv$fhp¡.
♦ Al„L$pf A_¡ ddL$pf A_„s k„kpf_y„ L$pfZ \hp knd R>¡, s¡\u s¡_p\u bQhp_p D`pe L$fhp„.
♦ t_v$p dpÓ `p¡sp_u L$fhu A\p®s¹ `p¡sp_p v$yNy®Zp¡_u S> L$fhu, buÅ_p v$yNy®Zp¡ Å¡C_¡ kp¥ â\d `p¡s¡
`p¡sp_p„ cph s`pkhp A_¡ Å¡ s¡ v$yNy®Zp¡ `p¡spdp„ lp¡e sp¡ L$pY$u _p„Mhp„ A_¡ s¡d_p âÐe¡ D ¡npcph
A\hp L$~Zpcph fpMhp¡ L$pfZ L¡$ buÅ_u t_v$p\u sp¡ Ap`Z_¡ OZp¡ L$d®b„ \pe R>¡ A\p®s¹ L$p¡C
buÅ_p Of_p¡ L$Qfp¡ `p¡sp_p Ofdp„ W$pghsp„ _\u S>, s¡d buÅ_u t_v$p L$fhp\u s¡d_p L$dp£ kpa
\pe R>¡ Äepf¡ dpfp L$dp£_p¡ b„ \pe R>¡.
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♦ Cjp® L$fhu lp¡e sp¡ dpÓ cNhp__u S> L$fhu A\p®s¹ cNhp_ b_hp dpV$¡ cNhp__u Cjp® L$fhu,AÞe\p _rl; A¡ rkhpe L$p¡C_u `Z Cjp® L$fhp\u A_„s v$y:M v$¡hphpmp A_„s L$dp£_p¡ b„ \peR>¡ A_¡ Æh hs®dp_dp„ `Z v$y:Mu \pe R>¡.
♦ ÅN©rs - lf kde¡ fpMhu A\hp L$gpL¡$-L$gpL¡$ `p¡sp_p d__p„ `qfZpd_u QL$pkZu L$fsp„ fl¡hu,s¡_y„ hgZ L$C sfa R>¡ s¡ Å¡hy„ A_¡ s¡dp„ S>~fu ky pfp L$fhp„. gn A¡L$ dpÓ ApÐdâp[às S> fpMhy„A_¡ s¡ cph ÖY$ L$fsp„ fl¡hp¡.
♦ A_„sL$pm ky u fl¡hp_p b¡ S> õ\p_p¡ R>¡:- A¡L$, rkÙAhõ\p A_¡ buSy>„, r_Np¡v$. `l¡gpdp„ A_„skyM R>¡ A_¡ buÅdp„ A_„s v$y:M R>¡, Ap\u `p¡sp_p crhóe_¡ gndp„ g¡sp„ kh£S>_p¡A¡ `p¡sp_p kh®âeÐ_p¡ A\p®s¹ y{$jp\® A¡L$dpÓ dp¡np\£ S> L$fhp ep¡Áe R>¡.
♦ S>¡ \pe s¡ kpfp dpV$¡-A¡d dp_hy„. S>¡\u L$fu Aps®Ýep_ A_¡ fp¥ÖÝep_\u bQu iL$pe R>¡. A\p®s¹_hp„ L$dp£_p Apîh\u bQu iL$pe R>¡.
♦ dpf¡ L$p¡_p¡ `n = L$p¡_u sfa¡Z L$fsp„ fl¡hu? A\p®s¹ dpf¡ ¼ep¡ k„âv$pe A\hp ¼ep ìer¼srhi¡j_u
sfa¡Z L$fsp„ fl¡hu? DÑf- dpÓ `p¡sp_u S> A\p®s¹ `p¡sp_p ApÐdp_u S> sfa¡Z L$fsp„ fl¡hu L$pfZL¡$ s¡dp„ S> dpfp¡ DÙpf R>¡, AÞe L$p¡C_u sfa¡Z (`n) _rl L$pfZ L¡$ s¡dp„ dpfp¡ DÙpf _\u, _\u,_¡ _\u S> L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ sp¡ fpNÜ¡j_y„ L$pfZ \pe R>¡ `f„sy Äepf¡ `p¡sp_p ApÐdp_u S> sfa¡Z L$fhpdp„Aph¡ Ðepf¡ s¡dp„ kh£ op_u_u sfa¡Z kdpe Åe R>¡.
♦ S>¥_ L$l¡hpsp„ gp¡L$p¡A¡ fprÓ_p L$p¡C`Z L$pe®¾$d-cp¡S>_ kdpf„c _ fpMhp„ Å¡CA¡. âk„N¡ awg A_¡aV$pL$X$p„_p¡ D`ep¡N _ L$fhp¡ Å¡CA¡.
♦ gÁ_ A¡ kp^L$ dpV$¡ dS>byfu lp¡e R>¡, _rl L¡$ DÅZu L$pfZ L¡$ S>¡ kp^L$p¡ |Z® b°ûQe® _ `pmu iL$sp„
lp¡e s¡d_¡ dpV$¡ gÁ_-ìehõ\p_p¡ klpfp¡ g¡hp ep¡Áe R>¡ L¡$ S>¡\u L$fu_¡ kp^L$ `p¡sp_p¡ k„kpf, r_rh®Â_¡îphL$^d® A_ykpf ìerss L$fu iL¡$ A_¡ `p¡sp_u dS>byfu `Z ep¡Áe dep®v$p krls yfu L$fu iL¡$.Aphp„ gÁ__p DS>hZp„ _ lp¡e L$pfZ L¡$ L$p¡C `p¡sp_u dS>byfu_¡ DÐkh b_phu, DÅZu L$fsp„
S>Zpsp _\u. s¡\u kp^L¡$ gÁ_ bly S> S>~fu lp¡e sp¡ S> L$fhp„ A_¡ s¡ `Z kpv$pC\u. buSy>„, AÓ¡S>Zpìep A_ykpf gÁ__¡ dS>byfu kdÆ_¡ L$p¡CA¡ gÁ_-qv$hk hN¡f¡_u DÅZu L$fhp S>¡hu _\uA\p®s¹ s¡ qv$hk¡ rhi¡j ^d® L$fhp S>¡hp¡ R>¡ A_¡ A¡hu cph_p cphp¡ L¡$ lh¡ d_¡ Ap gÁ_ê$` dS>byfu
crhóedp„ ¼epf¡e _ lÅ¡! L¡$ S>¡\u L$fu ly„ ÐhfpA¡ ApÐdL$ëepZ L$fu iLy„$ A_¡ rkÙÐh âpàs L$fu iLy„$.
♦ S>Þd A¡ ApÐdp_¡ A_pqv$_p¡ gpN¡g chfp¡N R>¡, _rl L¡$ DÅZu L$pfZ L¡$ S>¡_¡ S>Þd R>¡ s¡_¡ dfZAhíe R>¡ A_¡ S>Þd-dfZ_y„ v$y:M A_„sy lp¡e R>¡ A\p®s¹ Äep„ ky u ApÐdp_u S>Þd-dfZê$`
OV$dpm Qpg¡ R>¡, Ðep„ ky u s¡_¡ A_„s v$y:Mp¡\u R|>V$L$pfp¡ dmsp¡ _\u A\p®s¹ v$f¡L¡$ A¡L$ dpÓ rkÙÐhA\p®s¹ S>Þd-dfZ\u L$ped dpV$¡_p¡ R|>V$L$pfp¡ S> CÃR>hp ep¡Áe R>¡. s¡\u Aphp„ S>Þd_p DS>hZp„
tQs_ L$rZL$pAp¡
Ö[óV$_p¡ rhje164
_ lp¡e L$pfZ L¡$ L$p¡C `p¡sp_p fp¡N_¡ DÐkh b_phu, DÅZu L$fsp„ S>Zpsp _\u. s¡\u kp^L¡$ AÓ¡S>Zpìep A_ykpf S>Þd_¡ A_„s v$y:Mp¡_y„ L$pfZ A¡hp¡ chfp¡N kdÆ_¡, S>Þd-qv$hk hN¡f¡_uDÅZu L$fhp S>¡hu _\u A\p®s¹ s¡ qv$hk¡ rhi¡j ^d® L$fhp S>¡hp¡ R>¡ A_¡ A¡hu cph_p cphp¡ L¡$
lh¡ d_¡ Ap S>Þd L¡$ S>¡ A_„s v$y:Mp¡_y L$pfZ A¡hp¡ chfp¡N R>¡, s¡ crhóedp„ ¼epf¡e _ lÅ¡!
A\p®s¹ kp^L¡$ A¡L$ dpÓ rkÙÐh_u âp[às A\£ A\p®s¹ AS>Þdp b_hp A\£ S> kh® y{$jp\®
gNphhp S>¡hp¡ R>¡.
♦ A_pqv$\u yv$Ng_p dp¡ldp„ A_¡ s¡_p dpV$¡_u S> dpfpdpfudp„ Æh v$„X$psp¡ Apìep¡ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡_p
dp¡l_p am ê$ ¡ s¡ A_„sp v$y:Mp¡ cp¡Nhsp¡ Apìep¡ R>¡, s¡\u ÐhfpA¡ yv$Ng_p¡ dp¡l ÐeS>hp S>¡hp¡ R>¡.
s¡ dpÓ iåv$dp„ _rl, S>¡d L¡$- ^d®_u KQu KQu hpsp¡ L$fhphpmp„ `Z yv$Ng_p dp¡ldp„ akpe¡gp„
S>Zpe R>¡ A\p®s¹ Ap Æh A_pqv$\u Aphu S> fus¡ `p¡sp_¡ R>¡sfsp¡ Apìep¡ R>¡ s¡\u kh£ ApÐdp\}_¡
Adpfu rh_„su R>¡ L¡$ Ap ¡ Ap`_p Æh_dp„ AÐe„s kpv$pC A`_phu yv$Ng_u S>~fueps b_¡ s¡V$gu
OV$pX$hu A_¡ ÅhÆh v$f¡L$ Ås_p `fuN°l_u dep®v$p L$fhu A\p®s¹ k„sp¡j L¡$mhhp¡ `fd AphíeL$
R>¡ L¡$ S>¡\u p¡s¡ A¡L$dpÓ ApÐdâp[às_p gn dpV$¡ S> Æh_ Æhu iL¡$ L¡$ S>¡\u s¡ p¡sp_p Æh_¡ A_„sp
v$y:Mp¡\u bQphu iL¡$ R>¡ A_¡ A_„s Aìepbp^ kyM âpàs L$fu iL¡$ R>¡.
♦ ApÐdp\}_¡ L$p¡C`Z ds- „\-k„âv$pe-ìer¼srhi¡j_p¡ ApN°l, lW$pN°l, L$v$pN°l, |h®N°l A\hp n
_ S> lp¡hp¡ Å¡CA¡ L$pfZ L¡$ s¡ ApÐdp_¡ dpV$¡ A_„sL$pm_u b¡X$u kdp_ R>¡ A\p®s¹ s¡ ApÐdp_¡
A_„sL$pm fMX$ph_pf R>¡. ApÐdp\}_¡ dpV$¡ kp{„$ s¡ dp{„$ A_¡ kpQy„ s¡ dp{„$ lp¡hy„ Ars AphíeL$ R>¡
L¡$ S>¡\u L$fu_¡ s¡ ApÐdp\} `p¡sp_u Mp¡V$u dpÞespAp¡_¡ R>p¡X$u_¡ kÐe_¡ kfmsp\u N°lZ L$fu iL¡$ A_¡
s¡ S> s¡_u ep¡Áesp L$l¡hpe R>¡.
♦ ApÐdp\}A¡ v$„c\u l„d¡ip v$|f S> fl¡hy„ Å¡CA¡ A\p®s¹ s¡_¡ d_-hQ_ A_¡ L$pep_u A¡L$sp kp^hp_p¡
Aæepk r_f„sf L$fsp„ S> fl¡hp¡ Å¡CA¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ AX$QZ ê$` k„kpf\u bQsp fl¡hy„ Å¡CA¡.
♦ ApÐdp\}A¡ A¡L$ S> hps Ýep_dp„ fpMhp S>¡hu R>¡ L¡$ Ap dpfp Æh__p¡ R>¡ëgp¡ qv$hk R>¡ A_¡ Å¡
Ap d_yóechdp„ d¢ ApÐdâp[às _ L$fu sp¡ lh¡ A_„s, A_„s, A_„s,......... L$pm `R>u `Z
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