sap2000 demo 2013.pdf

HK PolyU CSE20201 prepared by S. Zhu

SAP2000 Demo - 1/24

CEE 20201 Structural Mechanics

SAP2000 (version 14) Tutorial

To run SAP2000 (version 14), click

Start > All Programs > Computers and Structures > SAP2000 14 > SAP2000

The SAP2000 software provides exhaustive manual and help files. Besides the demo presented in this file,

the following files or examples will be helpful to you when you learn how to use this software:

A brief introduction of SAP2000:

Help Menu > Documentation > Manuals > Getting Started

A step-by-step tutorial similar to this file

Help Menu > Documentation > Tutorials > Introductory Tutorials

Many verification examples:

Help Menu > Documentation > Analysis Verification > Title Page and Contents

The files of these examples are located in the following directory:

C:\Program Files\Computers and Structures\SAP2000 14\Verification


SAP2000 Demo - 2/24

Given:

The overhanging beam has been fabricated with a projected arm BD on it. The structure supports a vertical

load of 3.6 kN at point A. Assume hinge supports at C and E, hinge connection at D and rigid connection at

B. All members are made of structural steel ( ). The sectional properties for

each member are shown below

Member DE:

Member AC and BD:

Find:

i) Axial force in DE

ii) Axial force diagram for AC

iii) Shear Diagram for AC

iv) Moment Diagram for AC

v) Displacement at A


SAP2000 Demo - 3/24

The following pages outline the major steps used to perform the analysis using SAP2000:

Step 1 Define Geometry (Grid, Nodes, Elements, Restraints)

Step 2 Define and Assign Element Properties (Materials, Cross-sections)

Step 3 Define Loading

Step 4 Analyze

Step 5 Examine and Record Output

Step 6 Troubleshooting

Step 7 Present Results


SAP2000 Demo - 4/24

STEP 1 - DEFINE GEOMETRY (Grid, Nodes, Elements, Restraints)

1) Decide on Dimensions choose

from pull down menu on lower

right, (e.g. N, mm, C)

2) Create New Model (or File

Menu > New Model)

3) Click Grid Only, and Enter the

grid information as shown in

screen

4) Choose one of the windows to

Display axes xz ( button)

5) Add Nodes (Click on grid)

( button)

(Esc to stop adding)

Dimensions

Axes xz

(easiest for 2-D in SAP2000) New

Model

Add

Node

Add

Element

XZ


SAP2000 Demo - 5/24

6) Add Elements (Click on end

nodes)

( button)

(Esc to stop adding)

Notes About Geometry Inputs

Can combine steps 5 and 6 with Quick Draw Option ( button)

Can adjust grid lines by double-clicking on line. When moving, can also glue joints to grid lines so that the nodes and lines move together.

Can move joint by right-clicking on joint and entering new location coordinates. (Can also assign joints a letter, such as A, in this screen.)

Can show joint/element labels, restraints, by choosing View Menu > Set Display Options > marking desired boxes.

Zoom Pan Views

QuickDraw

Save


SAP2000 Demo - 6/24

7) Define Restrains

Select Nodes (When nodes

are selected, dashed Xs appear)

Click

Assign Menu > Joints >

Restrains

Enter information as shown

in screen.

8) IMPORTANT:

SAP2000 defaults to beam

elements. To create truss

elements (rods), release

moment restraints at ends of

members

Select member DE

Click

Assign Menu > Frame/Cable

> Release/Partial Fixity >

Choose Start and End for

Moment 33 (Major)

Notes About Saving Your File

Dont forget to Save your file while you are inputting the information. (You dont want to waste your time entering it twice if something goes wrong.)

The only file you really need to save for later use is the file with the extension: *.SDB. This file contains all of your input information and can be analyzed again in SAP2000 (or emailed to others if you

are having problems.)


SAP2000 Demo - 7/24

STEP 2 - DEFINE & ASSIGN ELEMENT PROPERTIES (Materials, Cross-Sections)

9) Define Materials

Click

Define Menu > Materials >

Add New Material

10) Define Cross-Sectional

Geometry

Click

Define Menu > Section

Properties > Frame Sections

> Add New Property

Frame Section Property Type:

Select Other

Click General

Name: BEAM

Material: MAT4DEMO

Cross-Sectional (axial) Area =

600 Moment of Inertia about 3 axis

= 5e6

Shear Area in 2 direction = 0

(if neglecting shear

deformation)

Our

Material

Entered

E

Beam A

To neglect

shear

deformation

Beam I


SAP2000 Demo - 8/24

Create as many cross sections as

needed

Name: ROD

Material: MAT4DEMO

Cross-Sectional (axial) Area =

100

Note about Entering Cross-Sections:

Can also select a specific cross-sectional geometry (such as steel wide flange sections) and have SAP2000 calculate the Area and Moment of Inertia for you. In that case, to neglect shear deformation,

you would need to select Modification Factors and set Shear 2 = 0.

Section

Name

*Select

Material*

(Dont

forget)

Can check A,

I if entered a

Rectangular

Section, etc.

Can set shear

factor=0 to

neglect shear

def. if

entered a

Rectangular

Section, etc.


SAP2000 Demo - 9/24

11) Assign Section Definitions

to approriate elements

Click to [select] elements

Assign Menu > Frames > Frame

Sections

Assign ROD to member DE

Assign BEAM to member AB,

BC and BD

Will

assign to

selected

(dashed)

elements


SAP2000 Demo - 10/24

STEP 3 - DEFINE LOADING (Locations, Magnitude, Load Case)

12) Assign Loads

Click to [select] node 1

Assign Menu > Joint Loads >

Forces

Note about Assign Loads:

Note that default is add to existing loads (not replace) - (Make sure you are not applying double loads, etc.)

Can also assign distributed loads for frames Assign Menu > Frame Loads > Distributed

12) Assign Load Case

Define Menu > Load Patterns

If dont want to include self-weight, must make

multiplier = 0 and Change

Load

Neg.

Direction

ADD

Or

REPLACE?

Neglecting

Self Weight

To Accept

Change


SAP2000 Demo - 11/24

STEP 4 - ANALYZE

13) Define Analysis Options

Analyze Menu > Set Analysis

Options

Select Plane Frame (for 2-D

planar frame available degrees

of freedom are only ux ,uz, and

ry)

14) Run

Press key

Select Dead, and Click Run Now

Run /

Analyze

For Plane

Frame in

XZ plane


SAP2000 Demo - 12/24

STEP 5 - EXAMINE AND RECORD OUTPUT

(Displacements, Reactions, Bar Forces. All can be found under Display Menu)

14) Show Deformed Shape

Display Menu > Show

Deformed Shape

* Make sure displacing in direction consistent with

restraints and loads

* Make sure of right magnitude (deflections not

larger than structure

dimensions)

* Below (in box on right) the options chose: Wire

Shadow and Cubic Curve * To impress your friends,

you can click

Start Animation

15 ) Examine Reactions

Display Menu > Show Forces

/Stresses > Joints

* Is global equilibrium satisfied?

16) Examine Internal Bar

Forces

Display Menu > Show Forces

/Stresses > Frames/Cables

* For 2-D structure, please show the following in

sequence:

Axial

Shear 2-2

Moment 3-3


SAP2000 Demo - 13/24

(These refer to local axes 2

and 3)

* Can do fill (solid) diagram or Show values on diagram

* Truss member DE should have zero moment and shear

in members!!!!!

* Can right-click to get diagram of a single member

(and move cursor for values

along length)

Note about Making Changes to the Model:

If your results dont make sense and you want to edit the model, you must Unlock it ( key) and run it again after youve made your changes

Lock /

Unlock


SAP2000 Demo - 14/24

STEP 6 - TROUBLESHOOTING (Common Errors)

* Self-weight was included when not desired (program includes as default) * Error in units (make sure consistent throughout, including for sections and material properties) * Restraints incorrect * Loads in wrong place or too large (programs default is to add to existing, not to replace) * Simplifying assumptions incorrect * Didnt specify truss members when needed to (release moment restraints from ends) * Didnt select correct material when defined frame sections


SAP2000 Demo - 15/24

STEP 7 PRESENT RESULTS Graphics & Input and Output for SAP2000 In-Lab Example

Notes:

Accompanying graphics are helpful. Try to wisely choose what you will printout. It is often a good idea to show Axial Force, Shear Force, and Moment Diagrams with their values labeled. A graphic of

the undeformed shape with joint numbering, section names, etc. can also be useful for someone trying to

make sense of the data tables.

When submitting data to someone else, think about how you can make it easier for that person to read. (Its usually not a good idea to hand someone 40 pages of printouts with no notations and expect them to spot errors or assumptions.) In the data below, the information that is crucial to the analysis (and

different from the default values) is circled with notations. Also, page breaks have been added to group

similar information together.

To print the graphic on the screen: File Menu > Print Graphics

Structural Model

Support Reactions


SAP2000 Demo - 16/24

Axial Force Diagram

Shear Force Diagram

Bending Moment Diagram

Deformed Shape


SAP2000 Demo - 17/24

Input/Output files were generated by choosing

(1) File Menu > Print Tables, and then check the following items.

(2) File Menu > Print Tables, and then check the following items.

SAP2000Demo.SDB SAP2000 v14.0.0 - License #28D9F 11 November 2009

cse Page 19 of 25

INPUT DATA Table: Active Degrees of Freedom

Table: Active Degrees of Freedom UX UY UZ RX RY RZ

Yes No Yes No Yes No

Table: Connectivity - Frame

Table: Connectivity - Frame Frame JointI JointJ IsCurved Length CentroidX CentroidY CentroidZ GUID

mm mm mm mm 1 1 2 No 1800.00 1200.00 0.00 300.00 2 2 3 No 1200.00 2700.00 0.00 300.00 3 2 4 No 600.00 2100.00 0.00 600.00 4 4 5 No 1500.00 2700.00 0.00 1350.00

Table: Frame Release Assignments 1 - General, Part 1 of 2

Table: Frame Release Assignments 1 - General, Part 1 of 2 Frame PI V2I V3I TI M2I M3I PJ V2J V3J TJ M2J M3J

4 No No No No No Yes No No No No No Yes

Table: Frame Release Assignments 1 - General, Part 2 of 2

Table: Frame Release Assignments 1 - General,

Part 2 of 2 Frame PartialFix

4 No

In XZ plane

Truss element, release the end moments

BC

CD

AB

DE


cse Page 20 of 25

Table: Frame Section Assignments Table: Frame Section Assignments

Frame SectionType AutoSelect AnalSect DesignSect MatProp

1 General N.A. BEAM BEAM Default 2 General N.A. BEAM BEAM Default 3 General N.A. BEAM BEAM Default 4 General N.A. ROD ROD Default

Table: Frame Section Properties 01 - General, Part 1 of 4

Table: Frame Section Properties 01 - General, Part 1 of 4 SectionName Material Shape t3 t2 Area TorsConst I33 I22 AS2 AS3

mm mm mm2 mm4 mm4 mm4 mm2 mm2 BEAM Mat4Demo General 457.200 254.000 600.00 1.00 5000000.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 ROD Mat4Demo General 457.200 254.000 100.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 1.00


Table: Frame Section Properties 01 - General, Part 2 of 4 SectionName S33 S22 Z33 Z22 R33 R22 ConcCol ConcBeam Color TotalWt TotalMass

mm3 mm3 mm3 mm3 mm mm N N-s2/mm BEAM 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000 1.000 No No White 166.26 0.017 ROD 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.000 1.000 No No White 11.55 1.177E-03


Table: Frame Section Properties 01 - General, Part 3 of 4 SectionName FromFile AMod A2Mod A3Mod JMod I2Mod I3Mod MMod WMod GUID

BEAM No 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 ROD No 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000

BC

CD

AB

DE

Abeam = 600 mm2

Ibeam = 5000000 mm4

A(Shear) beam = 0 mm2

(heglecting shear deformation) Arod = 100 mm2


cse Page 21 of 25

Table: Frame Section Properties 01 - General, Part 4 of 4 Table: Frame Section Properties 01 - General, Part 4 of 4

SectionName Notes

BEAM Added 11/10/2009 9:32:19 PM ROD Added 11/10/2009 9:36:50 PM

Table: Joint Coordinates

Table: Joint Coordinates Joint CoordSys CoordType XorR Y Z SpecialJt GlobalX GlobalY GlobalZ GUID

mm mm mm mm mm mm 1 GLOBAL Cartesian 300.00 0.00 300.00 Yes 300.00 0.00 300.00 2 GLOBAL Cartesian 2100.00 0.00 300.00 Yes 2100.00 0.00 300.00 3 GLOBAL Cartesian 3300.00 0.00 300.00 Yes 3300.00 0.00 300.00 4 GLOBAL Cartesian 2100.00 0.00 900.00 Yes 2100.00 0.00 900.00 5 GLOBAL Cartesian 3300.00 0.00 1800.00 Yes 3300.00 0.00 1800.00

Table: Joint Loads - Force

Table: Joint Loads - Force Joint LoadPat CoordSys F1 F2 F3 M1 M2 M3 GUID

N N N N-mm N-mm N-mm 1 DEAD GLOBAL 0.00 0.00 -3600.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table: Joint Restraint Assignments

Table: Joint Restraint Assignments Joint U1 U2 U3 R1 R2 R3

3 Yes Yes Yes No No No 5 Yes Yes Yes No No No

A B C D E

F = -3.6 kN

C E Two pin supports


cse Page 22 of 25

Table: Load Case Definitions, Part 1 of 2 Table: Load Case Definitions, Part 1 of 2

Case Type InitialCond ModalCase BaseCase DesTypeOpt DesignType AutoType RunCase CaseStatus GUID

DEAD LinStatic Zero Prog Det DEAD None Yes Finished

Table: Load Case Definitions, Part 2 of 2

Table: Load Case Definitions, Part 2 of 2 Case Notes

DEAD

Table: Load Pattern Definitions

Table: Load Pattern Definitions LoadPat DesignType SelfWtMult AutoLoad GUID Notes

DEAD DEAD 0.000000

Table: Material List 2 - By Section Property

Table: Material List 2 - By Section Property Section ObjectType NumPieces TotalLength TotalWeight

mm N BEAM Frame 3 3600.00 166.26 ROD Frame 1 1500.00 11.55

Table: Material Properties 01 - General

Table: Material Properties 01 - General Material Type SymType TempDepen

d Color GUID Notes

Mat4Demo Steel Isotropic No Blue ASTM A36 added 11/10/2009

8:55:11 PM

Neglecting Self-weight


cse Page 23 of 25

Table: Material Properties 02 - Basic Mechanical Properties

Table: Material Properties 02 - Basic Mechanical Properties Material UnitWeight UnitMass E1 G12 U12 A1

N/mm3 N-s2/mm4 N/mm2 N/mm2 1/C Mat4Demo 7.6973E-05 7.8490E-09 200000.00 76923.08 0.300000 1.1700E-05

E = 200 GPa

24/25

OUTPUT DATA

SAP2000 v14.0.0 11/10/09 23:18:33 Table: Element Forces - Frames, Part 1 of 2 Frame Station OutputCase CaseType P V2 V3 T M2 mm N N N N-mm N-mm 1 0.00 DEAD LinStatic 0.00 3600.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 450.00 DEAD LinStatic 0.00 3600.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 900.00 DEAD LinStatic 0.00 3600.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 1350.00 DEAD LinStatic 0.00 3600.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 1800.00 DEAD LinStatic 0.00 3600.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 0.00 DEAD LinStatic -7200.00 -1800.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 400.00 DEAD LinStatic -7200.00 -1800.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 800.00 DEAD LinStatic -7200.00 -1800.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 1200.00 DEAD LinStatic -7200.00 -1800.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 0.00 DEAD LinStatic 5400.00 7200.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 300.00 DEAD LinStatic 5400.00 7200.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 600.00 DEAD LinStatic 5400.00 7200.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 0.00 DEAD LinStatic 9000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 750.00 DEAD LinStatic 9000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 1500.00 DEAD LinStatic 9000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Table: Element Forces - Frames, Part 2 of 2 Frame Station OutputCase M3 FrameElem ElemStation mm N-mm mm 1 0.00 DEAD 0.00 1-1 0.00 1 450.00 DEAD -1620000.00 1-1 450.00 1 900.00 DEAD -3240000.00 1-1 900.00 1 1350.00 DEAD -4860000.00 1-1 1350.00 1 1800.00 DEAD -6480000.00 1-1 1800.00 2 0.00 DEAD -2160000.00 2-1 0.00 2 400.00 DEAD -1440000.00 2-1 400.00 2 800.00 DEAD -720000.00 2-1 800.00 2 1200.00 DEAD 2.328E-10 2-1 1200.00 3 0.00 DEAD 4320000.00 3-1 0.00 3 300.00 DEAD 2160000.00 3-1 300.00 3 600.00 DEAD 0.00 3-1 600.00 4 0.00 DEAD 0.00 4-1 0.00 4 750.00 DEAD 0.00 4-1 750.00 4 1500.00 DEAD 0.00 4-1 1500.00

AB

BC

BD

DE

Axial Shear

Moment No Shear in truss element

No Moment in truss element

25/25

Table: Joint Displacements Joint OutputCase CaseType U1 U2 U3 R1 R2 R3 mm mm mm Radians Radians Radians 1 DEAD LinStatic 0.072000 0.000000 -10.425600 0.000000 -0.007320 0.000000 2 DEAD LinStatic 0.072000 0.000000 -0.748800 0.000000 -0.001488 0.000000 3 DEAD LinStatic 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 -0.000192 0.000000 4 DEAD LinStatic -0.302400 0.000000 -0.721800 0.000000 -0.000192 0.000000 5 DEAD LinStatic 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 Table: Joint Reactions Joint OutputCase CaseType F1 F2 F3 M1 M2 M3 N N N N-mm N-mm N-mm 3 DEAD LinStatic -7200.00 0.00 -1800.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 DEAD LinStatic 7200.00 0.00 5400.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Fx Fz M

x z y

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