sarco sizing software
TRANSCRIPT
STEAMcalc V5UK
Opening sheetCLICK 'NO'IN THE DIALOGUE BOXTHEN PRESS INDEX
BUTTONINDEX
INDEX
IndexSTEAMcalc 12.8 : Mar 10 2005Comment1Comment2BOILER
HOUSEAIR HEATER BATTERIESFLASH VESSELSTDS blowdownHeating capacity
kWFlash vessel sizingCondensate return and F & ASteam load
kg/hSafety valve sizingFeedwater & pressure and
F&AMulti-sectionBoiler kW to F & AHumidifier loadHotwell
tank heat loss costsHotwell tank chemical savingsPRESSURE REDUCING
VALVESSAFETY VALVESHotwell tank height above feedpumpSuperheating
and drying effectSize discharge & inlet
pipesAccumulatorsCalculate fault flowDeaeratorsHEAT EXCHANGERSSTEAM
PIPESHeating load, control valve & stallMISC. UTILITIESFind
flow on velocityWater/water heat exchangerSteamtablesFind velocity
& pressure dropStall chart - constant flow secondaryConversion
tablesSize pipe on velocitykW to kg/h steamSize pipe on pressure
dropSTEAM METERSHeat needed to raise temperatureRunning loadEffect
of density compensationPipe surface areasWarm-up loadEffect of
dryness fractionPipe cross-sectional areasSuperheated steam
pipesWind speed correction factorsRadiation losses
(table)TANKSInteractive steam loopVolumes and areasMixing water at
different temps.CONDENSATE PIPESWater tanks - losses and loadsHeat
losses from water pipesDrain and discharge linesOil tanks - losses
and loadsHeat losses from oil pipesCoil sizingHeat losses from flat
surfacesSTEAM VALVE SIZINGSparge pipe sizingFind flowHeating air in
a tankFind KvFind P1LEAKS / ORIFICES / NOZZLESFind P2Steam leaks
through holesSuperheated steamSteam leaks through trapsSteam leaks
through valve stemsWATER APPLICATIONSSteam flow through
nozzlesWater flow through an orificeAir leaks through holes
NOTESa) OPENINGWhen opening the spreadsheet, you will have
seen two consecutive dialogue boxes. The first asked you to enable
macros, you should press Enable Macros. The second asked if you
wanted to update links to another workbook, you must press No to
reveal an index buttonb) COPYING to discThe spreadsheet may take a
small time to open from the CD. If you have enough space on your PC
(Version 5.0 uses about 15MB), copy STEAMcalc to your C drive (or
drag & drop to your desktop), from where it should open more
quickly. c) COPYING individual modules1. Right click on the module
name tag (at the bottom of the spreadsheet) to reveal a dialogue
box2. Left click on Move or Copy 3. Under To book: pick (new book)
4. IMPORTANT : ALWAYS Choose Create a copy and press OK button.The
current module with any entered data will be copied to a separate
spreadsheet. To save this module with this screen data, save this
new spreadsheet in a file of your choosing in the normal manner.d)
PRINTINGTo print the current module:1. Left click File in the
toolbar and Print in the drop down box. 2. Press the Properties
button to reveal the printer dialogue box and press the Basics
button.3. Under 'Orientation', choose the Landscape setting and
press OK. (. . . then press OK in the first dialogue box).e) SCREEN
SETTINGThis spreadsheet is best viewed in 1024 x 768 properties
screen setting. You may not see all the boxes and buttons with an
800 x 600 setting. If you don't want to change your screen setting,
altering the screen size in the toolbar may help to reveal the full
page in that module.To change screen setting:1. Minimise all
current programs, place cursor on the desktop, right click mouse2.
Pick Properties3. Pick Settings4. Set desktop area to 1024 x768
pixels and pick OKf) SUPPORTPlease note that this software is not
official Spirax Sarco software, and cannot be supported.
Regarding the Comments boxesSome modules have additional
notes, available via red 'Comments' boxes where appropriate. To see
these comments, switch on the 'comments indicator'. This can be
done from the toolbar at the top of the spreadsheet as follows:1.
Pick ' Tools ', ' Options ', ' View '2. In the ' Comments '
section, pick ' Comment indicator only '3. Press ' OK '
button
You know:Pipe sizeVelocity
You know:Pipe sizeFlowLength
You know:FlowVelocityLength
You know:P1P2FlowLength
TDS blowdown
Find flow on velocity
Size pipe on pressure drop
Running load
Warm-up load
Size discharge & inlet pipes
Heating capacity kW
Steam load kg/h
Multi-section
Superheating and drying effect
Heating load, control valve & stall
Steamtables
Conversion tables
Volumes and areas
Heat needed to raise temperature
kW to kg/h steam
Find flow
Condensate return and F & A
Find velocity & pressure drop
Feedwater & pressure and F&A
Water/water heat exchanger
Hotwell tank heat loss costs
Hotwell tank chemical savings
Hotwell tank height above feedpump
Boiler kW to F & A
Pipe surface areas
Wind speed correction factors
Drain and discharge lines
Superheated steam pipes
Superheated steam
Safety valve sizing
Flash vessel sizing
Flash vessel sizing
Safety valve sizing
Interactive steam loop
Sparge pipe sizing
Find Kv
Water tanks - losses and loads
Oil tanks - losses and loads
Coil sizing
Mixing water at different temps.
Calculate fault flow
Find P2
Accumulators
Effect of density compensation
Effect of dryness fraction
Steam leaks through holes
Steam leaks through traps
Steam leaks through valve stems
Steam flow through nozzles
Water flow through an orifice
Air leaks through holes
Radiation losses (table)
Size pipe on velocity
Heat losses from water pipes
Heat losses from oil pipes
Heat losses from flat surfaces
Heating air in a tank
Humidifier load
Find P1
WATER APPLICATIONS
Deaerators
Stall chart - constant flow secondary
Pipe cross-sectional areas
pipe CSACalculate cross sectional area from pipe boreData
inputPipe boremm0csa0mm20csa0.00000m2MAIN MENU
MAIN MENU
WaterWATER APPLICATIONSWater Valve SizingFind flowFind KvFind
Pressure dropWater pipesMass flowVolumetric flowWater tanksWater
tanks - losses and loadsMAIN MENU
Find flow
Find Kv
Find Pressure drop
Mass flow
Volumetric flow
MAIN MENU
Water tanks - losses and loads
SteamtablePropertyABCDEFGtemp
F-0.177243.8398611.4834531.13110.0000876297-0.000000027986.594Liquid
spec vol
ft3/lb-0.0000005280.00002994610.00015218740.00006625120.000000000800.01596Vapou
spev vol ft3/lb1-200
psia-0.48799304.7176149.8299035-16.4552740.0009474745-0.000001363419.53953200-1500
psia0.002662457.5802-0.1769590.826862-0.00000046020.0000000001-2.3928Liquid
enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.151155673.67140411.62255830.8326670.0000874117-0.000000026254.55TemperaturePressureSATURATED
STEAM TABLE TAKEN FROMlatent enthalpy
Btu/lb0.008676153-1.3049844-8.2137368-16.37649-0.0000430430.00000000981045.81ENCYCLOPEDIA
OF CHEMICAL PROCESSING & DESIGN (JOHN J. McKETTA)total enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.141292.2582253.401480214.4380780.0000422262-0.00000001571100.5Cbar
abar gLiquid entropy Btu/b
R-0.0001677720.0042726880.010480480.058015090.000000091-00.11801Latententropy
Btu/b
R0.0000345444-0.00275287-0.00733044-0.14263733-0.000000034901.8556532.880.05Enter
gauge pressureTotal entropy Btu/b
R-0.00014769330.00126179460.00344201-0.084941280.0000000689-01.9736445.810.10Liquid
internal energy
Btu/lb-0.15494393.66212111.63262830.821370.0000876248-0.000000026554.5653.970.15PressureTempENTHALPY
kJ/kgENTROPY kJ/kg KSPEC VOL m3/kgVapour internal energy
Btu/lb-0.09939511.939612.42835410.98188640.000027372-0.00000001061040.0360.060.20bar
g16oChfhfghgsfsfgsgvfvg64.970.25bar
a17.013204.3871.31921.72793.22.36944.02456.39370.00120.116569.100.30satsuperPressure
psiax246.756552root
x15.7084866235x260888.7959549287x315024709.3452697ln
x5.508402231272.700.35K=477273Superheattemp
F40075.870.40250164Enter steam tempdegCLiquid spec vol
ft3/lb0.0186m3/lb=0.0005277406m3/kg=0.0011634699lb to kg
=0.45359278.700.45root15.813495747812.801419550200Vapou spev vol
ft3/lb*Btu to kJ =1.05581.330.50-204sub saturatedsub
saturateddegCEnter steam tempdegCA = (1+ 0.00126T)
=0.000000.00000.0001-200
psia1m3/lb=0.0378523284m3/kg=0.0834501675ft3 to m3
=0.02831783.720.550.067assume 1assume 1m3/kg0B = sqrt vg sat
=0.34130.000405405Superheated speed of sound0m/sSuperheated speed
of sound200-1500
psia2m3/lb=0.0528481439m3/kg=0.116510308785.940.600.0000C = A x B
=0Liquid enthalpy Btu/lb375kJ/lb=395.21kJ/kg=871.388.010.65D = C2
=0Enter on saturation Tempdeg Clatent enthalpy
Btu/lb826kJ/lb=871.68kJ/kg=1921.7-0.0389.950.700.00bar
a-0.9-0.90Approximate pressure0.0bar gtotal enthalpy
Btu/lb1201kJ/lb=1266.99kJ/kg=2793.2-0.991.780.75sub atmosphericbar
a00.000Liquid entropy Btu/lb R0.5660kJ/lb R =0.5970862291kJ/kg R
=1.3163508816kJ/kg C =2.369431586893.500.80500Saturated speed of
sound500m/sSaturated speed of soundLatententropy Btu/b R0.9613kJ/lb
R =1.0141645736kJ/kg R =2.235851985kJ/kg C
=4.024533573195.140.85Total entropy Btu/b R1.5272kJ/lb R
=1.611196214kJ/kg R =3.5520825191kJ/kg C =6.393748534496.710.90MAIN
MENULiquid internal energy Btu/lb374kJ/lb =394.3449028757kJ/kg
=869.498.200.95Vapour internal energy Btu/lb1116kJ/lb
=1177.018818976kJ/kg
=2594.999.631.00100.001.0130.00101.401.0630.05102.661.1130.10103.871.1630.15Liquid
spec vol m3/kg105.101.2130.20Vapou spev vol
m3/kg*106.261.2630.251-14 bar a107.391.3130.3014 -100 bar
a0.117108.501.3630.35Liquid enthalpy kJ/kg109.551.4130.40latent
enthalpy kJ/kg110.581.4630.45total enthalpy
kJ/kg111.611.5130.50Liquid entropy kJ/kg0C112.601.5630.55Total
entropy kJ/kg0C113.561.6130.60Latent entropy
kJ/kg0C114.511.6630.65Liquid internal energy
kJ/kg869.4115.401.7130.70Vapour internal energy
kJ/kg2594.9116.281.7630.75117.141.8130.80117.961.8630.85118.801.9130.90119.631.9630.95120.422.0131.00121.212.0631.05121.962.1131.10122.732.1631.15123.462.2131.20124.182.2631.25124.902.3131.30125.592.3631.35126.282.4131.40126.962.4631.45127.622.5131.50128.262.5631.55128.892.6131.60129.512.6631.65130.132.7131.70130.752.7631.75131.372.8131.80131.962.8631.85132.542.9131.90133.132.9631.95133.693.0132.00134.253.0632.0517.013204.26871.31921.72793.22.3694.0256.3940.00120.1165134.823.1132.10135.363.1632.15135.883.2132.20136.433.2632.25136.983.3132.30137.503.3632.35138.013.4132.40138.533.4632.45139.023.5132.50139.523.5632.55140.003.6132.60140.483.6632.65140.963.7132.70141.443.7632.75141.923.8132.80142.403.8632.85142.863.9132.90143.283.9632.95143.754.0133.00144.674.1133.10145.464.2133.20146.364.3133.30147.204.4133.40148.024.5133.50148.844.6133.60149.644.7133.70150.444.8133.80151.234.9133.90151.965.0134.00152.685.1134.10153.405.2134.20154.125.3134.30154.845.4134.40155.555.5134.50156.245.6134.60156.945.7134.70157.625.8134.80158.285.9134.90158.926.0135.00159.566.1135.10160.206.2135.20160.826.3135.30161.456.4135.40162.086.5135.50162.686.6135.60163.276.7135.70163.866.8135.80164.466.9135.90165.047.0136.00165.607.1136.10166.167.2136.20166.737.3136.30167.297.4136.40167.837.5136.50168.387.6136.60168.897.7136.70169.437.8136.80169.957.9136.90170.508.0137.00171.028.1137.10171.538.2137.20172.038.3137.30172.538.4137.40173.028.5137.50173.508.6137.60174.008.7137.70174.468.8137.80174.938.9137.90175.439.0138.00175.889.1138.10176.379.2138.20176.839.3138.30177.279.4138.40177.759.5138.50178.209.6138.60178.649.7138.70179.089.8138.80179.539.9138.90179.9710.0139.00180.4110.1139.10180.8310.2139.20181.2610.3139.30181.6810.4139.40182.1010.5139.50182.5110.6139.60182.9110.7139.70183.3110.8139.80183.7210.9139.90184.1311.01310.00184.9211.21310.20185.6811.41310.40186.4911.61310.60187.2511.81310.80188.0212.01311.00188.7812.21311.20189.5212.41311.40190.2412.61311.60190.9712.81311.80191.6813.01312.00192.3813.21312.20193.0813.41312.40193.7713.61312.60194.4313.81312.80195.1014.01313.00195.7714.21313.20196.4314.41313.40197.0814.61313.60197.7214.81313.80198.3515.01314.00198.9815.21314.20199.6115.41314.40200.2315.61314.60200.8415.81314.80201.4516.01315.00202.0416.21315.20202.6216.41315.40203.2116.61315.60203.7916.81315.80204.3817.01316.00204.9417.21316.20205.4917.41316.40206.0517.61316.60206.6117.81316.80207.1718.01317.00207.7518.21317.20208.3018.41317.40208.8418.61317.60209.3718.81317.80209.9019.01318.00210.4319.21318.20210.9619.41318.40211.4719.61318.60211.9819.81318.80212.4720.01319.00212.9820.21319.20213.4920.41319.40213.9920.61319.60214.4820.81319.80214.9621.01320.00216.1521.51320.50217.3522.01321.00218.5322.51321.50219.6523.01322.00220.7623.51322.50221.8524.01323.00222.9424.51323.50224.0225.01324.00225.0825.51324.50226.1226.01325.00228.1527.01326.00230.1428.01327.00232.0529.01328.00233.9330.01329.00235.7831.01330.00237.5532.01331.00239.2833.01332.00240.9734.01333.00242.6335.01334.00244.2636.01335.00245.8637.01336.00247.4238.01337.00248.9539.01338.00250.4240.01339.00251.9441.01340.00253.3442.01341.00254.7443.01342.00256.1244.01343.00257.5045.01344.00258.8246.01345.00260.1347.01346.00261.4348.01347.00262.7349.01348.00264.0050.01349.00265.2651.01350.00266.4552.01351.00267.6753.01352.00268.8454.01353.00270.0255.01354.00271.2056.01355.00272.3357.01356.00273.4558.01357.00274.5559.01358.00275.6560.01359.00276.7361.01360.00277.8062.01361.00278.8563.01362.00279.8964.01363.00280.9265.01364.00281.9566.01365.00282.9567.01366.00283.9568.01367.00284.9369.01368.00285.9070.01369.00286.8571.01370.00287.8072.01371.00288.7573.01372.00289.6974.01373.00290.6075.01374.00291.5176.01375.00292.4177.01376.00293.9178.01377.00294.2079.01378.00295.1080.01379.00295.9681.01380.00296.8182.01381.00297.6683.01382.00298.5084.01383.00299.3585.01384.00300.2086.01385.00301.0087.01386.00301.8188.01387.00302.6189.01388.00303.4190.01389.00304.2091.01390.00305.7793.01392.00307.2495.01394.00308.8397.01396.00310.3299.01398.00311.79101.013100.00313.24103.013102.00314.67105.013104.00316.08107.013106.00317.46109.013108.00318.83111.013110.00320.17113.013112.00321.50115.013114.00322.81117.013116.00324.10119.013118.00325.38121.013120.00
This is a simple approximation of pressure, but close enough
for most practical purposes.
The specific volume is calculated using the expression:vsuper
= {vg [1+(0.00126 x Tso)]^2}which gives a result close enough to
superheated steam tables for most practical purposes
MAIN MENU
Conversion tablesPressurem w.g.kPabarpsikg/cm2ins
w.g.0.00bar0.00bar0.0kPa0.00bar0.00bar0.00bar0.00kPa0.00m w.g.0.0m
w.g.0kPa0kPa0.0kPa0.00kg/cm20.00kg/cm20.00kg/cm20.00kg/cm20.0m
w.g.0.00m w.g.0.00psi0.0psi0.0psi0.0m w.g.0.0psi0.00kg/cm20.00ins
w.g.0ins w.g.0ins w.g.0ins w.g.0ins
w.g.0.00psiTemperatureOCOFKR0K0R0OC0OF0OF0OC0OF0OCMAIN
MENU0R0K0R0KWater flowL/sm3/hkg/hlb/hUK
g/h0.00m3/h0.00L/s0.00L/s0.00L/s0.00L/s0kg/h0kg/h0.00m3/h0.00m3/h0.00m3/h0lb/h0lb/h0lb/h0kg/h0kg/h0UK
g/h0UK g/h0UK g/h0UK g/h0lb/hMass
flowkg/hkg/slb/hlb/s0.000kg/s0lb/h0.000lb/s0kg/h0lb/h0.000lb/s0kg/h0.000kg/s0.000lb/s0kg/h0.000kg/s0lb/hHeat
flowWkWkcal/hkcal/sBtu/h0.0kW0W0W0W0W0kcal/h0kcal/h0.000kW0.0kW0.0kW0.000kcal/s0.0kcal/s0.000kcal/s0kcal/h0kcal/h0Btu/h0Btu/h0Btu/h0Btu/h0.0kcal/sTotal
heatGJMJkJ0MJ0kJ0.000MJ0kJ0.000GJ0.000GJ192216bar gsteam
Press0.00tonnes steam0.00kg steam0.000kg steam0000000
By entering a steam pressure, you can calculate the amount of
steam that will deliver the relevant quantity of heat by CONDENSING
at that pressure
MAIN MENU
DearatorsEstimating the amount of steam needed to raise the
temperature of deaerator water0lb/hThe heat balance equation states
that the heat in the incoming water plus heat supplied by the
steam32oFequals the heat in the water and the condensed steam, at
the final temperature32oFmin h1 + ms h = (min +
ms)h21,150Btu/lbwhere:0lb/hmin =Water entering DA1500.9994h1 =Heat
in the water at the incoming temperature1601.0001h2 =Heat in the
water at the outgoing temperature1701.0011hg =Total heat in
saturated steam1801.0022ms =Steam needed to raise the water
temperature to the required temperature1901.00362001.0051To find
the steam needed to raise the water temperature (ms)2101.0068The
equation is transposed to solve for ms i.e.ms =min (h2 - h1)/ (hg -
h2)2201.00822301.0108Enter data2401.0129Mass flow of water entering
the DA (min)kg/h02501.0153Temperature of water entering the
DAoC02601.0177Temperature of water leaving the DAoC0h10Boiler
pressurebar g0h200ResultTotal heat in the steam (h)0kJ/kg2,676Mass
flow of steam needed to heat the water (ms)0kg/h0entering
sh=1.0038216leaving sh=1.0038216MAIN MENU
From steam tables
MAIN MENU
Dearator steamtablePropertyABCDEFGtemp
F-0.177243.8398611.4834531.13110.0000876297-0.000000027986.594Liquid
spec vol
ft3/lb-0.0000005280.00002994610.00015218740.00006625120.000000000800.01596Vapou
spev vol ft3/lb1-200
psia-0.48799304.7176149.8299035-16.4552740.0009474745-0.000001363419.53953200-1500
psia0.002662457.5802-0.1769590.826862-0.00000046020.0000000001-2.3928Liquid
enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.151155673.67140411.62255830.8326670.0000874117-0.000000026254.55TemperaturePressureSATURATED
STEAM TABLE TAKEN FROMlatent enthalpy
Btu/lb0.008676153-1.3049844-8.2137368-16.37649-0.0000430430.00000000981045.81ENCYCLOPEDIA
OF CHEMICAL PROCESSING & DESIGN (JOHN J. McKETTA)total enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.141292.2582253.401480214.4380780.0000422262-0.00000001571100.5Cbar
abar gLiquid entropy Btu/b
R-0.0001677720.0042726880.010480480.058015090.000000091-00.11801Latententropy
Btu/b
R0.0000345444-0.00275287-0.00733044-0.14263733-0.000000034901.8556532.880.05Enter
gauge pressureTotal entropy Btu/b
R-0.00014769330.00126179460.00344201-0.084941280.0000000689-01.9736445.810.10Liquid
internal energy
Btu/lb-0.15494393.66212111.63262830.821370.0000876248-0.000000026554.5653.970.15PressureTempENTHALPY
kJ/kgENTROPY kJ/kg KSPEC VOL m3/kgVapour internal energy
Btu/lb-0.09939511.939612.42835410.98188640.000027372-0.00000001061040.0360.060.20bar
g0oChfhfghgsfsfgsgvfvg64.970.25bar
a1.013100.0418.72256.92675.71.30596.04777.35370.00101.671069.100.30Pressure
psiax14.692552root x3.8330864848x2215.8710842727x33171.6971309731ln
x2.687340698772.700.35Superheattemp F21275.870.40Enter steam
tempdegCLiquid spec vol
ft3/lb0.0167m3/lb=0.0004733427m3/kg=0.0010435429lb to kg
=0.45359278.700.4500Vapou spev vol ft3/lb*Btu to kJ
=1.05581.330.50-100sub saturatedsub saturateddegCEnter steam
tempdegCA = (1+ 0.00126T) =0.000000.00000.0001-200
psia27m3/lb=0.7579741616m3/kg=1.6710483466ft3 to m3
=0.02831783.720.551.223assume 1assume 1m3/kg0B = sqrt vg sat
=1.29270.000200-1500
psia30m3/lb=0.858958177m3/kg=1.89368017385.940.600.0000C = A x B
=0Enter on saturation Tempdeg CLiquid enthalpy
Btu/lb180kJ/lb=189.91kJ/kg=418.788.010.65D = C2 =0Approximate
pressure0.0bar glatent enthalpy
Btu/lb970kJ/lb=1023.72kJ/kg=2256.9-0.0389.950.700.00bar
a-0.9-0.9000.000total enthalpy
Btu/lb1150kJ/lb=1213.70kJ/kg=2675.7-0.991.780.75sub atmosphericbar
aLiquid entropy Btu/lb R0.3119kJ/lb R =0.3290906505kJ/kg R
=0.7255212845kJ/kg C =1.30593831293.500.80Latententropy Btu/b
R1.4445kJ/lb R =1.5239995637kJ/kg R =3.3598466545kJ/kg C
=6.04772397895.140.85Total entropy Btu/b R1.7565kJ/lb R
=1.8531054417kJ/kg R =4.08540151kJ/kg C
=7.353722718196.710.90Liquid internal energy Btu/lb180kJ/lb
=189.8661890835kJ/kg =418.698.200.95Vapour internal energy
Btu/lb1078kJ/lb =1136.7917044304kJ/kg
=2506.299.631.00100.001.0130.00101.401.0630.05102.661.1130.10103.871.1630.15Liquid
spec vol m3/kg105.101.2130.20Vapou spev vol
m3/kg*106.261.2630.251-14 bar a1.671107.391.3130.3014 -100 bar
a108.501.3630.35Liquid enthalpy kJ/kg109.551.4130.40latent enthalpy
kJ/kg110.581.4630.45total enthalpy kJ/kg111.611.5130.50Liquid
entropy kJ/kg0C112.601.5630.55Total entropy
kJ/kg0C113.561.6130.60Latent entropy kJ/kg0C114.511.6630.65Liquid
internal energy kJ/kg418.6115.401.7130.70Vapour internal energy
kJ/kg2506.2116.281.7630.75117.141.8130.80117.961.8630.85118.801.9130.90119.631.9630.95120.422.0131.00121.212.0631.05121.962.1131.10122.732.1631.15123.462.2131.20124.182.2631.25124.902.3131.30125.592.3631.35126.282.4131.40126.962.4631.45127.622.5131.50128.262.5631.55128.892.6131.60129.512.6631.65130.132.7131.70130.752.7631.75131.372.8131.80131.962.8631.85132.542.9131.90133.132.9631.95133.693.0132.00134.253.0632.051.01399.97418.72256.92675.71.3066.0487.3540.00101.6710134.823.1132.10135.363.1632.15135.883.2132.20136.433.2632.25136.983.3132.30137.503.3632.35138.013.4132.40138.533.4632.45139.023.5132.50139.523.5632.55140.003.6132.60140.483.6632.65140.963.7132.70141.443.7632.75141.923.8132.80142.403.8632.85142.863.9132.90143.283.9632.95143.754.0133.00144.674.1133.10145.464.2133.20146.364.3133.30147.204.4133.40148.024.5133.50148.844.6133.60149.644.7133.70150.444.8133.80151.234.9133.90151.965.0134.00152.685.1134.10153.405.2134.20154.125.3134.30154.845.4134.40155.555.5134.50156.245.6134.60156.945.7134.70157.625.8134.80158.285.9134.90158.926.0135.00159.566.1135.10160.206.2135.20160.826.3135.30161.456.4135.40162.086.5135.50162.686.6135.60163.276.7135.70163.866.8135.80164.466.9135.90165.047.0136.00165.607.1136.10166.167.2136.20166.737.3136.30167.297.4136.40167.837.5136.50168.387.6136.60168.897.7136.70169.437.8136.80169.957.9136.90170.508.0137.00171.028.1137.10171.538.2137.20172.038.3137.30172.538.4137.40173.028.5137.50173.508.6137.60174.008.7137.70174.468.8137.80174.938.9137.90175.439.0138.00175.889.1138.10176.379.2138.20176.839.3138.30177.279.4138.40177.759.5138.50178.209.6138.60178.649.7138.70179.089.8138.80179.539.9138.90179.9710.0139.00180.4110.1139.10180.8310.2139.20181.2610.3139.30181.6810.4139.40182.1010.5139.50182.5110.6139.60182.9110.7139.70183.3110.8139.80183.7210.9139.90184.1311.01310.00184.9211.21310.20185.6811.41310.40186.4911.61310.60187.2511.81310.80188.0212.01311.00188.7812.21311.20189.5212.41311.40190.2412.61311.60190.9712.81311.80191.6813.01312.00192.3813.21312.20193.0813.41312.40193.7713.61312.60194.4313.81312.80195.1014.01313.00195.7714.21313.20196.4314.41313.40197.0814.61313.60197.7214.81313.80198.3515.01314.00198.9815.21314.20199.6115.41314.40200.2315.61314.60200.8415.81314.80201.4516.01315.00202.0416.21315.20202.6216.41315.40203.2116.61315.60203.7916.81315.80204.3817.01316.00204.9417.21316.20205.4917.41316.40206.0517.61316.60206.6117.81316.80207.1718.01317.00207.7518.21317.20208.3018.41317.40208.8418.61317.60209.3718.81317.80209.9019.01318.00210.4319.21318.20210.9619.41318.40211.4719.61318.60211.9819.81318.80212.4720.01319.00212.9820.21319.20213.4920.41319.40213.9920.61319.60214.4820.81319.80214.9621.01320.00216.1521.51320.50217.3522.01321.00218.5322.51321.50219.6523.01322.00220.7623.51322.50221.8524.01323.00222.9424.51323.50224.0225.01324.00225.0825.51324.50226.1226.01325.00228.1527.01326.00230.1428.01327.00232.0529.01328.00233.9330.01329.00235.7831.01330.00237.5532.01331.00239.2833.01332.00240.9734.01333.00242.6335.01334.00244.2636.01335.00245.8637.01336.00247.4238.01337.00248.9539.01338.00250.4240.01339.00251.9441.01340.00253.3442.01341.00254.7443.01342.00256.1244.01343.00257.5045.01344.00258.8246.01345.00260.1347.01346.00261.4348.01347.00262.7349.01348.00264.0050.01349.00265.2651.01350.00266.4552.01351.00267.6753.01352.00268.8454.01353.00270.0255.01354.00271.2056.01355.00272.3357.01356.00273.4558.01357.00274.5559.01358.00275.6560.01359.00276.7361.01360.00277.8062.01361.00278.8563.01362.00279.8964.01363.00280.9265.01364.00281.9566.01365.00282.9567.01366.00283.9568.01367.00284.9369.01368.00285.9070.01369.00286.8571.01370.00287.8072.01371.00288.7573.01372.00289.6974.01373.00290.6075.01374.00291.5176.01375.00292.4177.01376.00293.9178.01377.00294.2079.01378.00295.1080.01379.00295.9681.01380.00296.8182.01381.00297.6683.01382.00298.5084.01383.00299.3585.01384.00300.2086.01385.00301.0087.01386.00301.8188.01387.00302.6189.01388.00303.4190.01389.00304.2091.01390.00305.7793.01392.00307.2495.01394.00308.8397.01396.00310.3299.01398.00311.79101.013100.00313.24103.013102.00314.67105.013104.00316.08107.013106.00317.46109.013108.00318.83111.013110.00320.17113.013112.00321.50115.013114.00322.81117.013116.00324.10119.013118.00325.38121.013120.00
This is a simple approximation of pressure, but close enough
for most practical purposes.
The specific volume is calculated using the expression:vsuper
= {vg [1+(0.00126 x Tso)]^2}which gives a result close enough to
superheated steam tables for most practical purposes
Water pipe DPWater pipe pressure dropCommentm =0kg/sEnter
Datadia=0m1005.6Water temperatureoC0csa=0m20rel
roughDensityviscosityMass
flowkg/h0100.003751004.850.001490863.70.001Pipe boremm0kg/s
=0150.0029151001.470.001130432.90.001Coeff. of friction ' f '0d
=0200.002125997.7420.000888712.10.001Length of pipemetres0m
=0250.001735993.6720.0007195841.70.0010d5
=0320.001345989.250.0005969831.30.001Relative
roughness0.0000400.001155984.4660.0005054061.10.001Reynold's
No.00.00000500.0008765979.3120.000435238.70.00010650.0006775973.7790.0003802526.70.0001Results800.0005785967.8560.0003363445.70.0001Pressure
drop/m0Pa/m01000.0004495961.5330.000300684.40.0001Pressure
drop/m0.000bar/100m1250.00035105954.7990.0002712743.50.0001Pressure
drop0.00bar0.01500.0003115947.6390.00024670330.00010125940.0410.000225924Velocity0.00m/s0.0135931.9880.000208161145923.4630.000192824Volume
flow0.0L/min0L/s155914.4480.000179462Volume
flow0.00L/s0165904.920.0001677220.0000000000000175894.8550.000157327Density0kg/m3185884.2260.000148055Viscosity0.0000000Pa
s195872.9990.000139Main menuVolume flow
f
Determine the coefficient of friction 'f' from the graph,
using the two values from the blue boxes Follow the red arrows on
the graph for the following example :Reynolds number = 40 000
Relative roughness = 0.001 f = 0.0062
Generally, aim for velocities less than 2 m/s,no higher than 3
m/s for pipes up to DN150 (6"), and no higher than 4 m/s for larger
distribution pipes.
Generally, aim for pressure drops between 200 and 400
Pa/m
The equations used are standard equations derived from
D'Arcy's Equation and are quoted in various sources.Results are for
new, or clean used pipes. For old or rusty pipes, double the
pressure loss.Relative roughness has been taken from Table C4.5 in
the CIBSE Guide Volume C and refers to medium black steel pipe to
BS1387. Relative roughness varies with pipe diameter.The Reynold's
number is calculated from the equation: Re = u d r / mwhere:Re =
Reynold's number (no dimension)u = Velocity of water (m/s)d = Pipe
diameter (m)r = Density of water (kg/m3)m = Dynamic viscosity (kg/m
s) or (Pa s)The specific pressure loss is taken from Eqn. C4.26
from the CIBSE Guide: Dpl = 3.24 f m2 / d5 rwhere:Dpl = Specific
pressure loss (Pa/m)f = Friction factor (dimensionless)m = Mass
flowrate (kg/s)d = Pipe diameter (metres)r = Density of water
(kg/m3)The density and dynamic viscosity of water are taken from
thermodynamic tables from NEL
Main menu
Volume flow
Water pipe DP2Water pipe pressure dropCommentm =0kg/sEnter
Datadia=0m1005.6Water temperatureoC0csa=0m20rel
roughDensityviscosityVolume
flowL/min0100.003751004.850.001490863.70.001Pipe boremm0kg/s
=0150.0029151001.470.001130432.90.001Coeff. of friction ' f '0d
=0200.002125997.7420.000888712.10.001Length of pipemetres0m
=0250.001735993.6720.0007195841.70.0010d5
=0320.001345989.250.0005969831.30.001Relative
roughness0400.001155984.4660.0005054061.10.001Reynold's
No.00.00000500.0008765979.3120.000435238.70.00010650.0006775973.7790.0003802526.70.0001Results800.0005785967.8560.0003363445.70.0001Pressure
drop/m0Pa/m1000.0004495961.5330.000300684.40.0001Pressure
drop/m0.000bar/100m01250.00035105954.7990.0002712743.50.0001Pressure
drop0.00bar0.01500.0003115947.6390.00024670330.00010125940.0410.000225924Velocity0.00m/s0.0135931.9880.0002081610145923.4630.000192824Mass
flow0kg/h155914.4480.000179462Mass
flow0.00kg/s0165904.920.0001677220.0000000000000175894.8550.000157327Density0kg/m3185884.2260.000148055Viscosity0.0000000Pa
s195872.9990.000139Main menuMass flow
f
Determine the coefficient of friction 'f' from the graph,
using the two values from the blue boxes Follow the red arrows on
the graph for the following example :Reynolds number = 40 000
Relative roughness = 0.001 f = 0.0062
Generally, aim for pressure drops between 200 and 400
Pa/m
Generally, aim for velocities less than 2 m/s,no higher than 3
m/s for pipes up to DN150 (6"), and no higher than 4 m/s for larger
distribution pipes.
The equations used are standard equations derived from
D'Arcy's Equation and are quoted in various sources.Results are for
new, or clean used pipes. For old or rusty pipes, double the
pressure loss.Relative roughness has been taken from Table C4.5 in
the CIBSE Guide Volume C and refers to medium black steel pipe to
BS1387. Relative roughness varies with pipe diameter.The Reynold's
number is calculated from the equation: Re = u d r / mwhere:Re =
Reynold's number (no dimension)u = Velocity of water (m/s)d = Pipe
diameter (m)r = Density of water (kg/m3)m = Dynamic viscosity (kg/m
s) or (Pa s)The specific pressure loss is taken from Eqn. C4.26
from the CIBSE Guide: Dpl = 3.24 f m2 / d5 rwhere:Dpl = Specific
pressure loss (Pa/m)f = Friction factor (dimensionless)m = Mass
flowrate (kg/s)d = Pipe diameter (metres)r = Density of water
(kg/m3)The density and dynamic viscosity of water are taken from
thermodynamic tables from NEL
Main menu
Mass flow
AccumulatorCommentHorizontal AccumulatorData inputBoiler
Pressurebar g0Boiler MCRkg/h0Flow during the overloadkg/h0Overload
time periodminutes0MIN time between overloadsminutes0Off-peak
demandkg/h0Distribution pressurebar g0Length of vesselm0Diameter of
vesselm0MIN tank volume req'd0.0m3 (A)0Actual tank volume0.0m3
(B)Nominal water depth in tank B0.0mMIN water mass req'd to produce
necessary flash0kg0L water0.000m3 steamWater surface
area0.0m2Vessel vol req'd for enough water at 90% full0.0m30L
waterSteam required per cycle0kgActual vessel size0.0m3 full0L
waterFlash generated0.0%0.0m0vessel spaceAccumulator pressure at
end of overload0.0bar gMAX allowable release rate0kg/m2h at0.0bar
g0.0m20V2 steam space0.00.0MAX allowable release rate0kg/m2h
at0.0bar gRequired release rate0kg/m2h0kg at 90% full0V1 steam
space00.0MIN evap.capacity req'd0kg/h per cycle0kg101.3P1MAX
evap.capacity available0kg/hkg/h per cycle0.00% flash0.0P2Time
needed to recharge0.0minutes110kg/m2h at100P1 temp0kg/m2h at100P2
temp00.0P2 revised for TMAINPOSITIVE CHECK LISTNEGATIVE CHECK
LIST0kg/h per cycle0.0P2 gaugeMENU10100kg/h per
cycle20200minutes3030The required release rate is too
high40405050Take-off velocity is OKDANGER : Take-off velocity is
too high00Required release rate is OKThe required release rate is
too highEvaporation capacity is OKEvaporation capacity is too
low00Recharge time is OKDANGER : Not enough time to
recharge!Recharge time is OK0Water capacity is OKThe accumulator is
too small00
Measure tank length from here to here
Alter vessel dimensions so that (A) is less than (B)
This the minimum tank volume for this service
By altering the length and diameter of the vessel, this is the
figure you are adjusting to be equal to or greater than A, which is
the minimum tank volume.
This has to be less than the box above
This has to be more than the box above
Five main criteria need to be satisfied when installing an
accumulator, and the positive check list must all be true for the
accumulator to do its job.1. There must be enough water surface
area in the accumulator for the release of steam to be within a
reasonable velocity. If the take-off velocity is too high,
excessive turbulence and water carryover might occur. A good rule
of thumb is that the take-off velocity will be about right when the
steam release rate (measured in kg/m2 per hour) is 100 times the
absolute storage pressure in bar a.2. The evaporation capacity has
to be enough to satisfy the overload condition for the period of
time the overload exists. This depends on the water surface area
and the allowable release rate of steam based on item 1 above.3.
The accumulator can only supply a finite amount of steam over a
finite period of time, and relies upon the fact that the boiler
will run below capacity at off-peak loads and can recharge the
accumulator in time for the next overload. This depends on the size
of the overload and its duration, the time between overloads, the
off-peak load and its duration, and the boiler capacity.4. There
has to be enough volume of water in the accumulator to produce the
required amount of flash steam during overload.5. The release rate
of steam will fall as the accumulator pressure falls. The required
release rate of steam has to be lower than the MIN allowable
release rate at the end of the discharge cycle. If it is higher,
the only real solution is to increase the size of the
accumulator.
This is the boiler's maximum continuous rating, NOT the
boiler's F&A rating
If it takes too long to recharge the vessel, consider the
following:1. Reduce the off-peak demand, by shedding steam supplies
to non-essential plant.2. Increase the boiler MCR by returning more
condensate, utilising flash steam etc . . .3. If 2 & 3 cannot
provide a solution, the accumulator principle will not work on this
project. The only real solution is to add another boiler.
This water depth means the vessel is filled to its nominal
volume of 90%
A nominal figure based upon a factor of 100 times the absolute
pressure
A nominal figure based upon a factor of 100 times the absolute
pressure
This figure has to be bigger than the boiler MCR in the above
box.
MAIN
Steamtable (5)PropertyABCDEFGtemp
F-0.177243.8398611.4834531.13110.0000876297-0.000000027986.594Liquid
spec vol
ft3/lb-0.0000005280.00002994610.00015218740.00006625120.000000000800.01596Vapou
spev vol ft3/lb1-200
psia-0.48799304.7176149.8299035-16.4552740.0009474745-0.000001363419.53953200-1500
psia0.002662457.5802-0.1769590.826862-0.00000046020.0000000001-2.3928Liquid
enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.151155673.67140411.62255830.8326670.0000874117-0.000000026254.55TemperaturePressureSATURATED
STEAM TABLE TAKEN FROMlatent enthalpy
Btu/lb0.008676153-1.3049844-8.2137368-16.37649-0.0000430430.00000000981045.81ENCYCLOPEDIA
OF CHEMICAL PROCESSING & DESIGN (JOHN J. McKETTA)total enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.141292.2582253.401480214.4380780.0000422262-0.00000001571100.5Cbar
abar gLiquid entropy Btu/b
R-0.0001677720.0042726880.010480480.058015090.000000091-00.11801Latententropy
Btu/b
R0.0000345444-0.00275287-0.00733044-0.14263733-0.000000034901.8556532.880.05Enter
gauge pressureTotal entropy Btu/b
R-0.00014769330.00126179460.00344201-0.084941280.0000000689-01.9736445.810.10Liquid
internal energy
Btu/lb-0.15494393.66212111.63262830.821370.0000876248-0.000000026554.5653.970.15PressureTempENTHALPY
kJ/kgENTROPY kJ/kg KSPEC VOL m3/kgVapour internal energy
Btu/lb-0.09939511.939612.42835410.98188640.000027372-0.00000001061040.0360.060.20bar
g0oChfhfghgsfsfgsgvfvg64.970.25bar
a1.013100.0418.72256.92675.71.30596.04777.35370.00101.671069.100.30Pressure
psiax14.692552root x3.8330864848x2215.8710842727x33171.6971309731ln
x2.687340698772.700.35Superheattemp F21275.870.40Enter steam
tempdegCLiquid spec vol
ft3/lb0.0167m3/lb=0.0004733427m3/kg=0.0010435429lb to kg
=0.45359278.700.4500Vapou spev vol ft3/lb*Btu to kJ
=1.05581.330.50-100sub saturatedsub saturateddegCEnter steam
tempdegCA = (1+ 0.00126T) =0.000000.00000.0001-200
psia27m3/lb=0.7579741616m3/kg=1.6710483466ft3 to m3
=0.02831783.720.551.223assume 1assume 1m3/kg0B = sqrt vg sat
=1.29270.000200-1500
psia30m3/lb=0.858958177m3/kg=1.89368017385.940.600.0000C = A x B
=0Enter on saturation Tempdeg CLiquid enthalpy
Btu/lb180kJ/lb=189.91kJ/kg=418.788.010.65D = C2 =0Approximate
pressure0.0bar glatent enthalpy
Btu/lb970kJ/lb=1023.72kJ/kg=2256.9-0.0389.950.700.00bar
a-0.9-0.9000.000total enthalpy
Btu/lb1150kJ/lb=1213.70kJ/kg=2675.7-0.991.780.75sub atmosphericbar
aLiquid entropy Btu/lb R0.3119kJ/lb R =0.3290906505kJ/kg R
=0.7255212845kJ/kg C =1.30593831293.500.80Latententropy Btu/b
R1.4445kJ/lb R =1.5239995637kJ/kg R =3.3598466545kJ/kg C
=6.04772397895.140.85Total entropy Btu/b R1.7565kJ/lb R
=1.8531054417kJ/kg R =4.08540151kJ/kg C =7.353722718196.710.90MAIN
MENULiquid internal energy Btu/lb180kJ/lb =189.8661890835kJ/kg
=418.698.200.95Vapour internal energy Btu/lb1078kJ/lb
=1136.7917044304kJ/kg
=2506.299.631.00100.001.0130.00101.401.0630.05102.661.1130.10103.871.1630.15Liquid
spec vol m3/kg105.101.2130.20Vapou spev vol
m3/kg*106.261.2630.251-14 bar a1.671107.391.3130.3014 -100 bar
a108.501.3630.35Liquid enthalpy kJ/kg109.551.4130.40latent enthalpy
kJ/kg110.581.4630.45total enthalpy kJ/kg111.611.5130.50Liquid
entropy kJ/kg0C112.601.5630.55Total entropy
kJ/kg0C113.561.6130.60Latent entropy kJ/kg0C114.511.6630.65Liquid
internal energy kJ/kg418.6115.401.7130.70Vapour internal energy
kJ/kg2506.2116.281.7630.75117.141.8130.80117.961.8630.85118.801.9130.90119.631.9630.95120.422.0131.00121.212.0631.05121.962.1131.10122.732.1631.15123.462.2131.20124.182.2631.25124.902.3131.30125.592.3631.35126.282.4131.40126.962.4631.45127.622.5131.50128.262.5631.55128.892.6131.60129.512.6631.65130.132.7131.70130.752.7631.75131.372.8131.80131.962.8631.85132.542.9131.90133.132.9631.95133.693.0132.00134.253.0632.051.01399.97418.72256.92675.71.3066.0487.3540.00101.6710134.823.1132.10135.363.1632.15135.883.2132.20136.433.2632.25136.983.3132.30137.503.3632.35138.013.4132.40138.533.4632.45139.023.5132.50139.523.5632.55140.003.6132.60140.483.6632.65140.963.7132.70141.443.7632.75141.923.8132.80142.403.8632.85142.863.9132.90143.283.9632.95143.754.0133.00144.674.1133.10145.464.2133.20146.364.3133.30147.204.4133.40148.024.5133.50148.844.6133.60149.644.7133.70150.444.8133.80151.234.9133.90151.965.0134.00152.685.1134.10153.405.2134.20154.125.3134.30154.845.4134.40155.555.5134.50156.245.6134.60156.945.7134.70157.625.8134.80158.285.9134.90158.926.0135.00159.566.1135.10160.206.2135.20160.826.3135.30161.456.4135.40162.086.5135.50162.686.6135.60163.276.7135.70163.866.8135.80164.466.9135.90165.047.0136.00165.607.1136.10166.167.2136.20166.737.3136.30167.297.4136.40167.837.5136.50168.387.6136.60168.897.7136.70169.437.8136.80169.957.9136.90170.508.0137.00171.028.1137.10171.538.2137.20172.038.3137.30172.538.4137.40173.028.5137.50173.508.6137.60174.008.7137.70174.468.8137.80174.938.9137.90175.439.0138.00175.889.1138.10176.379.2138.20176.839.3138.30177.279.4138.40177.759.5138.50178.209.6138.60178.649.7138.70179.089.8138.80179.539.9138.90179.9710.0139.00180.4110.1139.10180.8310.2139.20181.2610.3139.30181.6810.4139.40182.1010.5139.50182.5110.6139.60182.9110.7139.70183.3110.8139.80183.7210.9139.90184.1311.01310.00184.9211.21310.20185.6811.41310.40186.4911.61310.60187.2511.81310.80188.0212.01311.00188.7812.21311.20189.5212.41311.40190.2412.61311.60190.9712.81311.80191.6813.01312.00192.3813.21312.20193.0813.41312.40193.7713.61312.60194.4313.81312.80195.1014.01313.00195.7714.21313.20196.4314.41313.40197.0814.61313.60197.7214.81313.80198.3515.01314.00198.9815.21314.20199.6115.41314.40200.2315.61314.60200.8415.81314.80201.4516.01315.00202.0416.21315.20202.6216.41315.40203.2116.61315.60203.7916.81315.80204.3817.01316.00204.9417.21316.20205.4917.41316.40206.0517.61316.60206.6117.81316.80207.1718.01317.00207.7518.21317.20208.3018.41317.40208.8418.61317.60209.3718.81317.80209.9019.01318.00210.4319.21318.20210.9619.41318.40211.4719.61318.60211.9819.81318.80212.4720.01319.00212.9820.21319.20213.4920.41319.40213.9920.61319.60214.4820.81319.80214.9621.01320.00216.1521.51320.50217.3522.01321.00218.5322.51321.50219.6523.01322.00220.7623.51322.50221.8524.01323.00222.9424.51323.50224.0225.01324.00225.0825.51324.50226.1226.01325.00228.1527.01326.00230.1428.01327.00232.0529.01328.00233.9330.01329.00235.7831.01330.00237.5532.01331.00239.2833.01332.00240.9734.01333.00242.6335.01334.00244.2636.01335.00245.8637.01336.00247.4238.01337.00248.9539.01338.00250.4240.01339.00251.9441.01340.00253.3442.01341.00254.7443.01342.00256.1244.01343.00257.5045.01344.00258.8246.01345.00260.1347.01346.00261.4348.01347.00262.7349.01348.00264.0050.01349.00265.2651.01350.00266.4552.01351.00267.6753.01352.00268.8454.01353.00270.0255.01354.00271.2056.01355.00272.3357.01356.00273.4558.01357.00274.5559.01358.00275.6560.01359.00276.7361.01360.00277.8062.01361.00278.8563.01362.00279.8964.01363.00280.9265.01364.00281.9566.01365.00282.9567.01366.00283.9568.01367.00284.9369.01368.00285.9070.01369.00286.8571.01370.00287.8072.01371.00288.7573.01372.00289.6974.01373.00290.6075.01374.00291.5176.01375.00292.4177.01376.00293.9178.01377.00294.2079.01378.00295.1080.01379.00295.9681.01380.00296.8182.01381.00297.6683.01382.00298.5084.01383.00299.3585.01384.00300.2086.01385.00301.0087.01386.00301.8188.01387.00302.6189.01388.00303.4190.01389.00304.2091.01390.00305.7793.01392.00307.2495.01394.00308.8397.01396.00310.3299.01398.00311.79101.013100.00313.24103.013102.00314.67105.013104.00316.08107.013106.00317.46109.013108.00318.83111.013110.00320.17113.013112.00321.50115.013114.00322.81117.013116.00324.10119.013118.00325.38121.013120.00
This is a simple approximation of pressure, but close enough
for most practical purposes.
The specific volume is calculated using the expression:vsuper
= {vg [1+(0.00126 x Tso)]^2}which gives a result close enough to
superheated steam tables for most practical purposes
MAIN MENU
Steamtable (6)PropertyABCDEFGtemp
F-0.177243.8398611.4834531.13110.0000876297-0.000000027986.594Liquid
spec vol
ft3/lb-0.0000005280.00002994610.00015218740.00006625120.000000000800.01596Vapou
spev vol ft3/lb1-200
psia-0.48799304.7176149.8299035-16.4552740.0009474745-0.000001363419.53953200-1500
psia0.002662457.5802-0.1769590.826862-0.00000046020.0000000001-2.3928Liquid
enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.151155673.67140411.62255830.8326670.0000874117-0.000000026254.55TemperaturePressureSATURATED
STEAM TABLE TAKEN FROMlatent enthalpy
Btu/lb0.008676153-1.3049844-8.2137368-16.37649-0.0000430430.00000000981045.81ENCYCLOPEDIA
OF CHEMICAL PROCESSING & DESIGN (JOHN J. McKETTA)total enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.141292.2582253.401480214.4380780.0000422262-0.00000001571100.5Cbar
abar gLiquid entropy Btu/b
R-0.0001677720.0042726880.010480480.058015090.000000091-00.11801Latententropy
Btu/b
R0.0000345444-0.00275287-0.00733044-0.14263733-0.000000034901.8556532.880.05Enter
gauge pressureTotal entropy Btu/b
R-0.00014769330.00126179460.00344201-0.084941280.0000000689-01.9736445.810.10Liquid
internal energy
Btu/lb-0.15494393.66212111.63262830.821370.0000876248-0.000000026554.5653.970.15PressureTempENTHALPY
kJ/kgENTROPY kJ/kg KSPEC VOL m3/kgVapour internal energy
Btu/lb-0.09939511.939612.42835410.98188640.000027372-0.00000001061040.0360.060.20bar
g0oChfhfghgsfsfgsgvfvg64.970.25bar
a1.013100.0418.72256.92675.71.30596.04777.35370.00101.671069.100.30Pressure
psiax14.692552root x3.8330864848x2215.8710842727x33171.6971309731ln
x2.687340698772.700.35Superheattemp F21275.870.40Enter steam
tempdegCLiquid spec vol
ft3/lb0.0167m3/lb=0.0004733427m3/kg=0.0010435429lb to kg
=0.45359278.700.4500Vapou spev vol ft3/lb*Btu to kJ
=1.05581.330.50-100sub saturatedsub saturateddegCEnter steam
tempdegCA = (1+ 0.00126T) =0.000000.00000.0001-200
psia27m3/lb=0.7579741616m3/kg=1.6710483466ft3 to m3
=0.02831783.720.551.223assume 1assume 1m3/kg0B = sqrt vg sat
=1.29270.000200-1500
psia30m3/lb=0.858958177m3/kg=1.89368017385.940.600.0000C = A x B
=0Enter on saturation Tempdeg CLiquid enthalpy
Btu/lb180kJ/lb=189.91kJ/kg=418.788.010.65D = C2 =0Approximate
pressure0.0bar glatent enthalpy
Btu/lb970kJ/lb=1023.72kJ/kg=2256.9-0.0389.950.700.00bar
a-0.9-0.9000.000total enthalpy
Btu/lb1150kJ/lb=1213.70kJ/kg=2675.7-0.991.780.75sub atmosphericbar
aLiquid entropy Btu/lb R0.3119kJ/lb R =0.3290906505kJ/kg R
=0.7255212845kJ/kg C =1.30593831293.500.80Latententropy Btu/b
R1.4445kJ/lb R =1.5239995637kJ/kg R =3.3598466545kJ/kg C
=6.04772397895.140.85Total entropy Btu/b R1.7565kJ/lb R
=1.8531054417kJ/kg R =4.08540151kJ/kg C =7.353722718196.710.90MAIN
MENULiquid internal energy Btu/lb180kJ/lb =189.8661890835kJ/kg
=418.698.200.95Vapour internal energy Btu/lb1078kJ/lb
=1136.7917044304kJ/kg
=2506.299.631.00100.001.0130.00101.401.0630.05102.661.1130.10103.871.1630.15Liquid
spec vol m3/kg105.101.2130.20Vapou spev vol
m3/kg*106.261.2630.251-14 bar a1.671107.391.3130.3014 -100 bar
a108.501.3630.35Liquid enthalpy kJ/kg109.551.4130.40latent enthalpy
kJ/kg110.581.4630.45total enthalpy kJ/kg111.611.5130.50Liquid
entropy kJ/kg0C112.601.5630.55Total entropy
kJ/kg0C113.561.6130.60Latent entropy kJ/kg0C114.511.6630.65Liquid
internal energy kJ/kg418.6115.401.7130.70Vapour internal energy
kJ/kg2506.2116.281.7630.75117.141.8130.80117.961.8630.85118.801.9130.90119.631.9630.95120.422.0131.00121.212.0631.05121.962.1131.10122.732.1631.15123.462.2131.20124.182.2631.25124.902.3131.30125.592.3631.35126.282.4131.40126.962.4631.45127.622.5131.50128.262.5631.55128.892.6131.60129.512.6631.65130.132.7131.70130.752.7631.75131.372.8131.80131.962.8631.85132.542.9131.90133.132.9631.95133.693.0132.00134.253.0632.051.01399.97418.72256.92675.71.3066.0487.3540.00101.6710134.823.1132.10135.363.1632.15135.883.2132.20136.433.2632.25136.983.3132.30137.503.3632.35138.013.4132.40138.533.4632.45139.023.5132.50139.523.5632.55140.003.6132.60140.483.6632.65140.963.7132.70141.443.7632.75141.923.8132.80142.403.8632.85142.863.9132.90143.283.9632.95143.754.0133.00144.674.1133.10145.464.2133.20146.364.3133.30147.204.4133.40148.024.5133.50148.844.6133.60149.644.7133.70150.444.8133.80151.234.9133.90151.965.0134.00152.685.1134.10153.405.2134.20154.125.3134.30154.845.4134.40155.555.5134.50156.245.6134.60156.945.7134.70157.625.8134.80158.285.9134.90158.926.0135.00159.566.1135.10160.206.2135.20160.826.3135.30161.456.4135.40162.086.5135.50162.686.6135.60163.276.7135.70163.866.8135.80164.466.9135.90165.047.0136.00165.607.1136.10166.167.2136.20166.737.3136.30167.297.4136.40167.837.5136.50168.387.6136.60168.897.7136.70169.437.8136.80169.957.9136.90170.508.0137.00171.028.1137.10171.538.2137.20172.038.3137.30172.538.4137.40173.028.5137.50173.508.6137.60174.008.7137.70174.468.8137.80174.938.9137.90175.439.0138.00175.889.1138.10176.379.2138.20176.839.3138.30177.279.4138.40177.759.5138.50178.209.6138.60178.649.7138.70179.089.8138.80179.539.9138.90179.9710.0139.00180.4110.1139.10180.8310.2139.20181.2610.3139.30181.6810.4139.40182.1010.5139.50182.5110.6139.60182.9110.7139.70183.3110.8139.80183.7210.9139.90184.1311.01310.00184.9211.21310.20185.6811.41310.40186.4911.61310.60187.2511.81310.80188.0212.01311.00188.7812.21311.20189.5212.41311.40190.2412.61311.60190.9712.81311.80191.6813.01312.00192.3813.21312.20193.0813.41312.40193.7713.61312.60194.4313.81312.80195.1014.01313.00195.7714.21313.20196.4314.41313.40197.0814.61313.60197.7214.81313.80198.3515.01314.00198.9815.21314.20199.6115.41314.40200.2315.61314.60200.8415.81314.80201.4516.01315.00202.0416.21315.20202.6216.41315.40203.2116.61315.60203.7916.81315.80204.3817.01316.00204.9417.21316.20205.4917.41316.40206.0517.61316.60206.6117.81316.80207.1718.01317.00207.7518.21317.20208.3018.41317.40208.8418.61317.60209.3718.81317.80209.9019.01318.00210.4319.21318.20210.9619.41318.40211.4719.61318.60211.9819.81318.80212.4720.01319.00212.9820.21319.20213.4920.41319.40213.9920.61319.60214.4820.81319.80214.9621.01320.00216.1521.51320.50217.3522.01321.00218.5322.51321.50219.6523.01322.00220.7623.51322.50221.8524.01323.00222.9424.51323.50224.0225.01324.00225.0825.51324.50226.1226.01325.00228.1527.01326.00230.1428.01327.00232.0529.01328.00233.9330.01329.00235.7831.01330.00237.5532.01331.00239.2833.01332.00240.9734.01333.00242.6335.01334.00244.2636.01335.00245.8637.01336.00247.4238.01337.00248.9539.01338.00250.4240.01339.00251.9441.01340.00253.3442.01341.00254.7443.01342.00256.1244.01343.00257.5045.01344.00258.8246.01345.00260.1347.01346.00261.4348.01347.00262.7349.01348.00264.0050.01349.00265.2651.01350.00266.4552.01351.00267.6753.01352.00268.8454.01353.00270.0255.01354.00271.2056.01355.00272.3357.01356.00273.4558.01357.00274.5559.01358.00275.6560.01359.00276.7361.01360.00277.8062.01361.00278.8563.01362.00279.8964.01363.00280.9265.01364.00281.9566.01365.00282.9567.01366.00283.9568.01367.00284.9369.01368.00285.9070.01369.00286.8571.01370.00287.8072.01371.00288.7573.01372.00289.6974.01373.00290.6075.01374.00291.5176.01375.00292.4177.01376.00293.9178.01377.00294.2079.01378.00295.1080.01379.00295.9681.01380.00296.8182.01381.00297.6683.01382.00298.5084.01383.00299.3585.01384.00300.2086.01385.00301.0087.01386.00301.8188.01387.00302.6189.01388.00303.4190.01389.00304.2091.01390.00305.7793.01392.00307.2495.01394.00308.8397.01396.00310.3299.01398.00311.79101.013100.00313.24103.013102.00314.67105.013104.00316.08107.013106.00317.46109.013108.00318.83111.013110.00320.17113.013112.00321.50115.013114.00322.81117.013116.00324.10119.013118.00325.38121.013120.00
This is a simple approximation of pressure, but close enough
for most practical purposes.
The specific volume is calculated using the expression:vsuper
= {vg [1+(0.00126 x Tso)]^2}which gives a result close enough to
superheated steam tables for most practical purposes
MAIN MENU
tank volume1Tank,
rectangularLlength..m0Wwidth......m0Hheight..m0depthliquid
depth.....m0VOLUME & WEIGHT:0volume, total0m300litresHliquid
depth0volume, liquid only0m30.000.0000litresmm0WSG of liquid
..0.000m00.00mmass of liquid0kgL00AREAS:0.00marea of sides, front
& back, [email protected] ea0.0area of sides, left & right, [email protected]
ea0.0area of top & bottom, [email protected] ea(this is also the area of
the surface of the liquid)0.0half radians=1.5707963total area of
the 4 vertical sides0.0m20.0total area of top + bottom0.0m20.0total
surface area0.0m20.01 radian=57.2883513686degreesMAIN MENUTotal
circlemm3hI have checked both volume and SAdiameterradiuspi
r2liquid depthr - hcos theta1theta1 degsin theta1ABCylinder, flat
ends, vertical or horizontalagainst water level, and both
these10.00.00.0000.000.000.0000.00.00000.0000Llength or height
0.00mare correct. SA has been checked1radians=0.000Ddiameter
.0.00mheightwith Pythagoras geometry2volumes full0.0m3D0.00STK
23/10/020.0under halffull0litres0.00m00area triangle OABarea sector
OABcircumference0.0mm0.00.000m20.000m2area of top & bottom,
[email protected] of cylindrical surface0.0m20.0water surface
m20.00m2use this one0.000m2exposed surface area above
ground0.0m20.0liquid depthcos theta2theta1 degsin theta2YZ0.0over
half0.000.000.00.00000.00000.0radians=0.000Horizontal cylinder
onlyarea triangle OYZdouble arealiquid
depth.0.00m0000130.000m20m2free space0.00m0.00free space0.00liquid
depth as a % of D0%0liquid depth as a % of D0%area sector OXYdouble
areafull width area of waterliquid volume0.00m30.00liquid volume,
m30.000m30.000m20m20.0000m2liquid volume0Litres0liquid
volume0Litresplus0.0000m2liquid volume as a % of total cylindrical
volume0.0%0liquid volume as a % of total cylindrical volume0%width
of water0=0.000m2Surface area of water0.00m200.000213
L
L
D
liquid depth
free space
This figure does not include the surface area of the tank
bottom. The calculation therefore assumes the oil tank sits on the
ground.
Before entering liquid depth, you have to enter both length L
and diameter D in the two grey boxes above
MAIN MENU
Oil pipe heat lossesHEAT LOSSES FROM UNLAGGED OIL PIPES PER
METRE (FOOT) RUNOil temperatureNominal boreup to 10 oC10 - 27 oC27
- 38 oCHeatmmup to 50 oF50 - 80 oF80 - 100
oFLoss150.70.90.9W/moC0.40.50.5Btu/hr ft
oF200.71.11.1W/moC0.40.60.6Btu/hr ft
oF250.81.21.4W/moC1.40.70.8Btu/hr ft
oF402.11.71.9W/moC1.611.1Btu/hr ft
oF502.82.12.2W/moC1.61.21.3Btu/hr ft oFMAIN MENU
MAIN MENU
Water pipe heat lossesWATER PIPESNominal boreHEAT LOSS FOR
TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PIPE AND
AIRW/mmmin50oC60oC75oC100oC110oC125oC140oC150oC165oC195oC225oC280oC151/2"30406090130155180205235280375575203/4"3550701101601902202552903704656602514060901302002352753053554555658153211/4"507011016024029033037543555570010004011/2"55801201802703203754204856257901120502659515022033039546552060077097513906521/2"8012017026039046554061571591011501650803100140210300470560650740860109013801980100412017026038058507008209251065137017402520150617025037054081597011301290147019102430350020082203204706901040124014401650190024403100443025010270390570835125015101750199523002980378056003001231546067098014701760206023402690337044306450MAIN
MENU
MAIN MENU
Air heater kWCalculate the heating capacity (kW) of an air
heater batteryQ (kW) =1.3 x V x DTDtPropertyABCDEFG0.00temp
F-0.183.8411.4831.130.00-0.0086.59Data InputLiquid spec vol
ft3/lb-0.000.000.000.000.000.000.02Vapou spev vol ft3/lbVolumetric
air flowm3/s01-200 psia-0.49304.729.83-16.460.00-0.0019.54Air on
temperatureoC00200-1500 psia0.00457.58-0.180.83-0.000.00-2.39Air
off temperatureoCm3 /s00Liquid enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.153.6711.6230.830.00-0.0054.550latent enthalpy
Btu/lb0.01-1.30-8.21-16.38-0.000.001,045.81DToCtotal enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.142.263.4014.440.00-0.001,100.50oCoC1.01Liquid entropy
Btu/b R-0.000.000.010.060.00-0.000.12ResultsLatententropy Btu/b
R0.00-0.00-0.01-0.14-0.000.001.86Heating capacitykWTotal entropy
Btu/b R-0.000.000.00-0.080.00-0.001.97Btu/hLiquid internal energy
Btu/lb-0.153.6611.6330.820.00-0.0054.56Vapour internal energy
Btu/lb-0.101.942.4310.980.00-0.001,040.03MAIN MENUPressure
psiax14.69root x3.83x2215.87x33,171.70ln x2.69temp F211.95STEAM
LOADLiquid spec vol ft3/lb0.02m3/lb=0.00m3/kg=0.00lb to kg
=0.45Vapou spev vol ft3/lb*Btu to kJ =1.06Multi-section1-200
psia26.77m3/lb=0.76m3/kg=1.67ft3 to m3 =0.03200-1500
psia30.33m3/lb=0.86m3/kg=1.89Liquid enthalpy
Btu/lb180.01kJ/lb=189.91kJ/kg=418.67latent enthalpy
Btu/lb970.35kJ/lb=1,023.72kJ/kg=2,256.91total enthalpy
Btu/lb1,150.43kJ/lb=1,213.70kJ/kg=2,675.75Liquid entropy Btu/lb
R0.31kJ/lb R =0.33kJ/kg R =0.73kJ/kg C =1.31Latententropy Btu/b
R1.44kJ/lb R =1.52kJ/kg R =3.36kJ/kg C =6.05Total entropy Btu/b
R1.76kJ/lb R =1.85kJ/kg R =4.09kJ/kg C =7.35Liquid internal energy
Btu/lb179.97kJ/lb =189.87kJ/kg =418.58Vapour internal energy
Btu/lb1,077.53kJ/lb =1,136.79kJ/kg =2,506.20Liquid spec vol
m3/kgVapou spev vol m3/kg*1-14 bar a1.6714 -100 bar aLiquid
enthalpy kJ/kglatent enthalpy kJ/kgtotal enthalpy kJ/kgLiquid
entropy kJ/kg0CTotal entropy kJ/kg0CLatent entropy kJ/kg0CLiquid
internal energy kJ/kg418.58Vapour internal energy kJ/kg2,506.20
Steamcalc 5.xls
Steamcalc 5.xls
MAIN MENU
STEAM LOAD
Multi-section
Air heater RHCalculate the humidifier loadCommentData
InputDtPropertyABCDEFGSteamSteam0.00temp
F-0.183.8411.4831.130.00-0.0086.59Volumetric air
flowm3/skg/hkg/hLiquid spec vol
ft3/lb-0.000.000.000.000.000.000.02Battery air-on
temperatureoCVapou spev vol ft3/lbBattery air-on RH%01-200
psia-0.49304.729.83-16.460.00-0.0019.54Battery air-off
temperatureoC00200-1500 psia0.00457.58-0.180.83-0.000.00-2.39Steam
pressure in heater batterybar g00Liquid enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.153.6711.6230.830.00-0.0054.55Req'd RH after humidifier%m3
/sDT across heater batteryoC0latent enthalpy
Btu/lb0.01-1.30-8.21-16.38-0.000.001,045.81Resultstotal enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.142.263.4014.440.00-0.001,100.50Heater battery
loadkWoCoC1.01Liquid entropy Btu/b
R-0.000.000.010.060.00-0.000.12oCHeater battery steam
loadkg/h%RH%RHLatententropy Btu/b
R0.00-0.00-0.01-0.14-0.000.001.86%RHRH after battery%0Total entropy
Btu/b R-0.000.000.00-0.080.00-0.001.97RH after humidifier%Heat
req'd for airkWLiquid internal energy
Btu/lb-0.153.6611.6330.820.00-0.0054.56Humidifier steam
loadkg/hHeat req'd for water vapourkWVapour internal energy
Btu/lb-0.101.942.4310.980.00-0.001,040.030.000Condensate0Pressure
psiax14.69root x3.83x2215.87x33,171.70ln x2.690.00temp
F211.95Liquid spec vol ft3/lb0.02m3/lb=0.00m3/kg=0.00lb to kg
=0.45Vapou spev vol ft3/lb*Btu to kJ =1.061-200
psia26.77m3/lb=0.76m3/kg=1.67ft3 to m3 =0.03MAIN MENU200-1500
psia30.33m3/lb=0.86m3/kg=1.89Liquid enthalpy
Btu/lb180.01kJ/lb=189.91kJ/kg=418.67latent enthalpy
Btu/lb970.35kJ/lb=1,023.72kJ/kg=2,256.91total enthalpy
Btu/lb1,150.43kJ/lb=1,213.70kJ/kg=2,675.75Liquid entropy Btu/lb
R0.31kJ/lb R =0.33kJ/kg R =0.73kJ/kg C =1.31Latententropy Btu/b
R1.44kJ/lb R =1.52kJ/kg R =3.36kJ/kg C =6.05Total entropy Btu/b
R1.76kJ/lb R =1.85kJ/kg R =4.09kJ/kg C =7.35Liquid internal energy
Btu/lb179.97kJ/lb =189.87kJ/kg =418.58Vapour internal energy
Btu/lb1,077.53kJ/lb =1,136.79kJ/kg =2,506.20Liquid spec vol
m3/kgVapou spev vol m3/kg*1-14 bar a1.6714 -100 bar aLiquid
enthalpy kJ/kglatent enthalpy kJ/kgtotal enthalpy kJ/kgLiquid
entropy kJ/kg0CTotal entropy kJ/kg0CLatent entropy kJ/kg0CLiquid
internal energy kJ/kg418.58Vapour internal energy kJ/kg2,506.20
Steamcalc 5.xls
Systems operating at atmospheric pressure
MAIN MENU
moisture in airabsoluteTPsat kPa10.6747110820.674711082T
in0Cx00.0156303440RH10%000.6113x200.0036401910Moisture content
in0.0000kg water/kg dry air10.663460.05216x30-0.0000339820sp
vol0.784m3/kgPsat
120.71562x400.0000009660SH1.005kJ/kgC0.6113kPa30.767780.674711082hg
water in2501.3kJ/kg0.611340.81994hg water
out2501.3kJ/kg50.87210.071110.00375175370.0037517537Tout0CPsat
260.9432x =00.0002951860-7.30.002DT0C0.6113kPa71.0143x2
=00.00000835420-2.80.00381.0854x3 =00.000000126600.80.004air
flow0.000m3/s91.1565x4 =00.000000004603.80.005air
flow0.00kg/s101.22760.0955Moisture content at Tin0.0038kg water/kg
dry air6.40.006h to heat air0.0kJ/kg111.32318.60.007h to heat
air0.0kW121.418610.50.008water flow0.0000kg/s131.514112.30.009h to
heat water0.0kJ/kg141.609613.90.01h to heat
water0.00kW151.70510.1267815.40.011phi
Psat0161.8318816.80.012RH20%171.95866180.013req'd
RH30.00182.0854419.250.014Moisture content after hum0.00000kg
water/kg dry air192.2122220.250.015moisture inc due to hum0.00000kg
water/kg dry air202.3390.16621.250.016hum steam
load0kg/s212.50522.250.0170.0kg/h222.67123.20.018232.837240.019partial
press vap at T10.000kPa243.00324.80.02partial press air at
T1100.000kPa253.1690.215425.750.021sp.vol at
T10.784m3/kg263.384426.50.022273.599827.20.023283.815227.80.024294.030628.60.025304.2460.276429.20.026314.522429.80.027324.798830.40.028335.0752310.029345.351631.60.03355.6280.3512density1.2912142932.20.031365.979232.60.032densitySH376.330411.291214291.2912142933.20.033Tkg/m3kJ/kgK386.6816x00.004398210-1502.7931.026397.0328x200.000009550-1001.9801.009407.3840.4418-501.5341.005417.825801.2931.005428.2676201.2051.005438.7094401.1271.005449.1512601.0671.009459.5930.5512801.0001.0094610.14421000.9461.0094710.69541200.8981.0134811.24661400.8541.0134911.79781600.8151.0175012.3490.68181800.7791.0225113.03082000.7461.0265213.71262500.6751.0345314.39443000.6161.0475415.07623500.5661.0555515.7580.83644000.5241.0685616.59445717.43085818.26725919.10366019.941.0186120.9586221.9766322.9946424.0126525.031.2326626.2626727.4946828.7266929.9587031.191.4787132.6687234.1467335.6247437.1027538.581.7627640.3427742.1047843.8667945.6288047.392.0888149.4788251.5668353.6548455.7428557.832.4628660.2928762.7548865.2168967.6789070.142.8829173.0229275.9049378.7869481.6689584.553.369687.919791.279894.639997.99100101.35
moisture in air
Steamtable (7)
Air heater kgh
sat press
Air multi-sectionPropertyABCDEFGtemp
F-0.177243.8398611.4834531.13110.0000876297-0.000000027986.594Liquid
spec vol
ft3/lb-0.0000005280.00002994610.00015218740.00006625120.000000000800.01596Vapou
spev vol ft3/lb1-200
psia-0.48799304.7176149.8299035-16.4552740.0009474745-0.000001363419.53953200-1500
psia0.002662457.5802-0.1769590.826862-0.00000046020.0000000001-2.3928Liquid
enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.151155673.67140411.62255830.8326670.0000874117-0.000000026254.55TemperaturePressureSATURATED
STEAM TABLE TAKEN FROMlatent enthalpy
Btu/lb0.008676153-1.3049844-8.2137368-16.37649-0.0000430430.00000000981045.81ENCYCLOPEDIA
OF CHEMICAL PROCESSING & DESIGN (JOHN J. McKETTA)total enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.141292.2582253.401480214.4380780.0000422262-0.00000001571100.5Cbar
abar gLiquid entropy Btu/b
R-0.0001677720.0042726880.010480480.058015090.000000091-00.11801Latententropy
Btu/b
R0.0000345444-0.00275287-0.00733044-0.14263733-0.000000034901.8556532.880.05Enter
gauge pressureTotal entropy Btu/b
R-0.00014769330.00126179460.00344201-0.084941280.0000000689-01.9736445.810.10Liquid
internal energy
Btu/lb-0.15494393.66212111.63262830.821370.0000876248-0.000000026554.5653.970.15PressureTempENTHALPY
kJ/kgENTROPY kJ/kg KSPEC VOL m3/kgVapour internal energy
Btu/lb-0.09939511.939612.42835410.98188640.000027372-0.00000001061040.0360.060.20bar
g0.00oChfhfghgsfsfgsgvfvg64.970.25bar
a1.013100.0418.72256.92675.71.30596.04777.35370.00101.671069.100.30Pressure
psiax14.692552root x3.8330864848x2215.8710842727x33171.6971309731ln
x2.687340698772.700.35Superheattemp F21275.870.40Enter steam
tempdegCLiquid spec vol
ft3/lb0.0167m3/lb=0.0004733427m3/kg=0.0010435429lb to kg
=0.45359278.700.4500Vapou spev vol ft3/lb*Btu to kJ
=1.05581.330.50-100sub saturatedsub saturateddegCEnter steam
tempdegCA = (1+ 0.00126T) =0.000000.00000.0001-200
psia27m3/lb=0.7579741616m3/kg=1.6710483466ft3 to m3
=0.02831783.720.551.223assume 1assume 1m3/kg0B = sqrt vg sat
=1.29270.000200-1500
psia30m3/lb=0.858958177m3/kg=1.89368017385.940.600.0000C = A x B
=0Enter on saturation Tempdeg CLiquid enthalpy
Btu/lb180kJ/lb=189.91kJ/kg=418.788.010.65D = C2 =0Approximate
pressure0.0bar glatent enthalpy
Btu/lb970kJ/lb=1023.72kJ/kg=2256.9-0.0389.950.700.00bar
a-0.9-0.9000.000total enthalpy
Btu/lb1150kJ/lb=1213.70kJ/kg=2675.7-0.991.780.75sub atmosphericbar
aLiquid entropy Btu/lb R0.3119kJ/lb R =0.3290906505kJ/kg R
=0.7255212845kJ/kg C =1.30593831293.500.80Latententropy Btu/b
R1.4445kJ/lb R =1.5239995637kJ/kg R =3.3598466545kJ/kg C
=6.04772397895.140.85Total entropy Btu/b R1.7565kJ/lb R
=1.8531054417kJ/kg R =4.08540151kJ/kg C =7.353722718196.710.90MAIN
MENULiquid internal energy Btu/lb180kJ/lb =189.8661890835kJ/kg
=418.698.200.95Vapour internal energy Btu/lb1078kJ/lb
=1136.7917044304kJ/kg
=2506.299.631.00100.001.0130.00101.401.0630.05102.661.1130.10103.871.1630.15Liquid
spec vol m3/kg105.101.2130.20Vapou spev vol
m3/kg*106.261.2630.251-14 bar a1.671107.391.3130.3014 -100 bar
a108.501.3630.35Liquid enthalpy kJ/kg109.551.4130.40latent enthalpy
kJ/kg110.581.4630.45total enthalpy kJ/kg111.611.5130.50Liquid
entropy kJ/kg0C112.601.5630.55Total entropy
kJ/kg0C113.561.6130.60Latent entropy kJ/kg0C114.511.6630.65Liquid
internal energy kJ/kg418.6115.401.7130.70Vapour internal energy
kJ/kg2506.2116.281.7630.75117.141.8130.80117.961.8630.85118.801.9130.90119.631.9630.95120.422.0131.00121.212.0631.05121.962.1131.10122.732.1631.15123.462.2131.20124.182.2631.25124.902.3131.30125.592.3631.35126.282.4131.40126.962.4631.45127.622.5131.50128.262.5631.55128.892.6131.60129.512.6631.65130.132.7131.70130.752.7631.75131.372.8131.80131.962.8631.85132.542.9131.90133.132.9631.95133.693.0132.00134.253.0632.051.01399.97418.72256.92675.71.3066.0487.3540.00101.6710134.823.1132.10135.363.1632.15135.883.2132.20136.433.2632.25136.983.3132.30137.503.3632.35138.013.4132.40138.533.4632.45139.023.5132.50139.523.5632.55140.003.6132.60140.483.6632.65140.963.7132.70141.443.7632.75141.923.8132.80142.403.8632.85142.863.9132.90143.283.9632.95143.754.0133.00144.674.1133.10145.464.2133.20146.364.3133.30147.204.4133.40148.024.5133.50148.844.6133.60149.644.7133.70150.444.8133.80151.234.9133.90151.965.0134.00152.685.1134.10153.405.2134.20154.125.3134.30154.845.4134.40155.555.5134.50156.245.6134.60156.945.7134.70157.625.8134.80158.285.9134.90158.926.0135.00159.566.1135.10160.206.2135.20160.826.3135.30161.456.4135.40162.086.5135.50162.686.6135.60163.276.7135.70163.866.8135.80164.466.9135.90165.047.0136.00165.607.1136.10166.167.2136.20166.737.3136.30167.297.4136.40167.837.5136.50168.387.6136.60168.897.7136.70169.437.8136.80169.957.9136.90170.508.0137.00171.028.1137.10171.538.2137.20172.038.3137.30172.538.4137.40173.028.5137.50173.508.6137.60174.008.7137.70174.468.8137.80174.938.9137.90175.439.0138.00175.889.1138.10176.379.2138.20176.839.3138.30177.279.4138.40177.759.5138.50178.209.6138.60178.649.7138.70179.089.8138.80179.539.9138.90179.9710.0139.00180.4110.1139.10180.8310.2139.20181.2610.3139.30181.6810.4139.40182.1010.5139.50182.5110.6139.60182.9110.7139.70183.3110.8139.80183.7210.9139.90184.1311.01310.00184.9211.21310.20185.6811.41310.40186.4911.61310.60187.2511.81310.80188.0212.01311.00188.7812.21311.20189.5212.41311.40190.2412.61311.60190.9712.81311.80191.6813.01312.00192.3813.21312.20193.0813.41312.40193.7713.61312.60194.4313.81312.80195.1014.01313.00195.7714.21313.20196.4314.41313.40197.0814.61313.60197.7214.81313.80198.3515.01314.00198.9815.21314.20199.6115.41314.40200.2315.61314.60200.8415.81314.80201.4516.01315.00202.0416.21315.20202.6216.41315.40203.2116.61315.60203.7916.81315.80204.3817.01316.00204.9417.21316.20205.4917.41316.40206.0517.61316.60206.6117.81316.80207.1718.01317.00207.7518.21317.20208.3018.41317.40208.8418.61317.60209.3718.81317.80209.9019.01318.00210.4319.21318.20210.9619.41318.40211.4719.61318.60211.9819.81318.80212.4720.01319.00212.9820.21319.20213.4920.41319.40213.9920.61319.60214.4820.81319.80214.9621.01320.00216.1521.51320.50217.3522.01321.00218.5322.51321.50219.6523.01322.00220.7623.51322.50221.8524.01323.00222.9424.51323.50224.0225.01324.00225.0825.51324.50226.1226.01325.00228.1527.01326.00230.1428.01327.00232.0529.01328.00233.9330.01329.00235.7831.01330.00237.5532.01331.00239.2833.01332.00240.9734.01333.00242.6335.01334.00244.2636.01335.00245.8637.01336.00247.4238.01337.00248.9539.01338.00250.4240.01339.00251.9441.01340.00253.3442.01341.00254.7443.01342.00256.1244.01343.00257.5045.01344.00258.8246.01345.00260.1347.01346.00261.4348.01347.00262.7349.01348.00264.0050.01349.00265.2651.01350.00266.4552.01351.00267.6753.01352.00268.8454.01353.00270.0255.01354.00271.2056.01355.00272.3357.01356.00273.4558.01357.00274.5559.01358.00275.6560.01359.00276.7361.01360.00277.8062.01361.00278.8563.01362.00279.8964.01363.00280.9265.01364.00281.9566.01365.00282.9567.01366.00283.9568.01367.00284.9369.01368.00285.9070.01369.00286.8571.01370.00287.8072.01371.00288.7573.01372.00289.6974.01373.00290.6075.01374.00291.5176.01375.00292.4177.01376.00293.9178.01377.00294.2079.01378.00295.1080.01379.00295.9681.01380.00296.8182.01381.00297.6683.01382.00298.5084.01383.00299.3585.01384.00300.2086.01385.00301.0087.01386.00301.8188.01387.00302.6189.01388.00303.4190.01389.00304.2091.01390.00305.7793.01392.00307.2495.01394.00308.8397.01396.00310.3299.01398.00311.79101.013100.00313.24103.013102.00314.67105.013104.00316.08107.013106.00317.46109.013108.00318.83111.013110.00320.17113.013112.00321.50115.013114.00322.81117.013116.00324.10119.013118.00325.38121.013120.00
This is a simple approximation of pressure, but close enough
for most practical purposes.
The specific volume is calculated using the expression:vsuper
= {vg [1+(0.00126 x Tso)]^2}which gives a result close enough to
superheated steam tables for most practical purposes
MAIN MENU
Boiler kW ratingCalculate steam load on an air heater
batteryPropertyABCDEFGm (kg/h) =4 680 x V x DTbar gtemp
F-0.183.8411.4831.130.00-0.0086.59hfgLiquid spec vol
ft3/lb-0.000.000.000.000.000.000.02Vapou spev vol ft3/lbData
Input1-200 psia-0.49304.729.83-16.460.00-0.0019.54200-1500
psia0.00457.58-0.180.83-0.000.00-2.39Steam pressurebar g0.000Liquid
enthalpy Btu/lb-0.153.6711.6230.830.00-0.0054.55Volume flowm3/sm3/s
airflow0latent enthalpy
Btu/lb0.01-1.30-8.21-16.38-0.000.001,045.81Air on
temperatureoC00total enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.142.263.4014.440.00-0.001,100.50Air off
temperatureoC00Liquid entropy Btu/b
R-0.000.000.010.060.00-0.000.120.00oCoC00.00Latententropy Btu/b
R0.00-0.00-0.01-0.14-0.000.001.86hfgkJ/kgTotal entropy Btu/b
R-0.000.000.00-0.080.00-0.001.97Steam temperatureoC atMinimum steam
pressure of0.0bar g required-0.90Liquid internal energy
Btu/lb-0.153.6611.6330.820.00-0.0054.56ResultsVapour internal
energy Btu/lb-0.101.942.4310.980.00-0.001,040.03Steam
flowratekg/hlb/hBtu/hPressure psiax14.69root
x3.83x2215.87x33,171.70ln x2.69temp F211.9599.97tempCLiquid spec
vol ft3/lb0.02m3/lb=0.00m3/kg=0.00lb to kg =0.45Vapou spev vol
ft3/lb*Btu to kJ =1.06MAIN MENUComment1.011-200
psia26.77m3/lb=0.76m3/kg=1.67ft3 to m3 =0.03200-1500
psia30.33m3/lb=0.86m3/kg=1.89HEATING CAPACITYLiquid enthalpy
Btu/lb180.01kJ/lb=189.91kJ/kg=418.67latent enthalpy
Btu/lb970.35kJ/lb=1,023.72kJ/kg=2,256.91MULTI SECTIONtotal enthalpy
Btu/lb1,150.43kJ/lb=1,213.70kJ/kg=2,675.75Liquid entropy Btu/lb
R0.31kJ/lb R =0.33kJ/kg R =0.73kJ/kg C =1.31Latententropy Btu/b
R1.44kJ/lb R =1.52kJ/kg R =3.36kJ/kg C =6.05Total entropy Btu/b
R1.76kJ/lb R =1.85kJ/kg R =4.09kJ/kg C =7.35Liquid internal energy
Btu/lb179.97kJ/lb =189.87kJ/kg =418.58Vapour internal energy
Btu/lb1,077.53kJ/lb =1,136.79kJ/kg =2,506.20Liquid spec vol
m3/kgVapou spev vol m3/kg*1-14 bar a1.6714 -100 bar aLiquid
enthalpy kJ/kglatent enthalpy kJ/kgtotal enthalpy kJ/kgLiquid
entropy kJ/kg0CTotal entropy kJ/kg0CLatent entropy kJ/kg0CLiquid
internal energy kJ/kg418.58Vapour internal energy kJ/kg2,506.20
This is the steam pressure in the heater battery, not the
pressure onto the control valve
This module calculates the steam load based upon the heat load
and the steam pressure in the battery. The steam temperature in the
battery must be higher than the required air-off temperature to
give heat transfer. It is assumed that the battery is sized to
operate at the steam pressure and air temperatures entered.
MAIN MENU
HEATING CAPACITY
MULTI SECTION
Condensate and F&A1000PressureTempENTHALPY kJ/kgENTROPY
kJ/kg KSPEC VOL m3/kgbar g0oChfhfghgsfsfgsgvfvgPropertyABCDEFGbar
a1.01399.97418.72256.92675.71.3066.0487.3540.00101.67100temp
F-0.177243.8398611.4834531.13110.0000876297-0.000000027986.5940Liquid
spec vol
ft3/lb-0.0000005280.00002994610.00015218740.00006625120.000000000800.01596Vapou
spev vol ft3/lbSection 1 in temp0oCa =1-200
psia-0.48799304.7176149.8299035-16.4552740.0009474745-0.000001363419.53953Calculate
load shared in multi-section heater batteriesSection 1 out temp0oCb
=0200-1500
psia0.002662457.5802-0.1769590.826862-0.00000046020.0000000001-2.3928Section
1 delta T0oC0Liquid enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.151155673.67140411.62255830.8326670.0000874117-0.000000026254.55Data
inputlatent enthalpy
Btu/lb0.008676153-1.3049844-8.2137368-16.37649-0.0000430430.00000000981045.81Section
2 in tempoCa =total enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.141292.2582253.401480214.4380780.0000422262-0.00000001571100.5Steam
pressure in batteriesbar g =00Section 2 out temp0oCb =0Liquid
entropy Btu/b
R-0.0001677720.0042726880.010480480.058015090.000000091-00.11801100Air
in TempoC0Section 2 delta T0oC0Latententropy Btu/b
R0.0000345444-0.00275287-0.00733044-0.14263733-0.000000034901.85565Air
off tempoC0Total entropy Btu/b
R-0.00014769330.00126179460.00344201-0.084941280.0000000689-01.97364Total
battery heat loadkW(Retrieve from 'Heating capacity' if
required)0Section 3 in tempoCLiquid internal energy
Btu/lb-0.15494393.66212111.63262830.821370.0000876248-0.000000026554.56No
of sections0Section 3 out temp0oCVapour internal energy
Btu/lb-0.09939511.939612.42835410.98188640.000027372-0.00000001061040.030Section
3 delta T0oCCondensate pressurebar g10Condensate liftmetres1Section
4 in tempoCsteam Pressure psiax14.692552root
x3.8330864848x2215.8710842727x33171.6971309731ln
x2.687340698702Section 4 out temp0oCstall % =temp F212ResultsMAIN
MENUSteam full load0kg/h0Section 4 delta T0oCLiquid spec vol
ft3/lb0.0167m3/lb=0.0004733427m3/kg=0.0010435429lb to kg
=0.453592Vapou spev vol ft3/lb*Btu to kJ =1.055All sections stall
at0% loadHeating capacity1001-200
psia27m3/lb=0.7579741616m3/kg=1.6710483466ft3 to m3 =0.028317Total
stall load0kg/h0Tsteam100oCa-b0oC200-1500
psia30m3/lb=0.858958177m3/kg=1.893680173at an air inlet temperature
of0oC0a100oCa/b1.0000Liquid enthalpy
Btu/lb180kJ/lb=189.91kJ/kg=418.7b100oCln a/b0.0000latent enthalpy
Btu/lb970kJ/lb=1023.72kJ/kg=2256.9total enthalpy
Btu/lb1150kJ/lb=1213.70kJ/kg=2675.7Liquid entropy Btu/lb
R0.3119kJ/lb R =0.3290906505kJ/kg R =0.7255212845kJ/kg C
=1.30593831200000000000000000ln a/b0.0000Latententropy Btu/b
R1.4445kJ/lb R =1.5239995637kJ/kg R =3.3598466545kJ/kg C
=6.047723978000000000000000000Total entropy Btu/b R1.7565kJ/lb R
=1.8531054417kJ/kg R =4.08540151kJ/kg C
=7.35372271810000000antilog0.0000Liquid internal energy
Btu/lb180kJ/lb =189.8661890835kJ/kg =418.6Vapour internal energy
Btu/lb1078kJ/lb =1136.7917044304kJ/kg =2506.20000000000000Liquid
spec vol m3/kgtot cond P0.0bar g00000000000000000Vapou spev vol
m3/kg*x14.692552root
x3.8330864848x2215.8710842727x33171.6971309731ln
x2.68734069870090.001-14 bar a1.67121214 -100 bar acond temp C
=100.01Liquid enthalpy kJ/kgdelta - T deg C0000latent enthalpy
kJ/kgtotal enthalpy kJ/kg1Liquid entropy kJ/kg0Ctdc1Total entropy
kJ/kg0CTs - tout100.0Latent entropy kJ/kg0Ctin=0Liquid internal
energy kJ/kg418.6Vapour internal energy kJ/kg2506.2
&F
OC
Air flow
Air flow
No entry assumes discharge to atmopheric pressure
No entry assumes no lift
&F
MAIN MENU
Heating capacity
CondsizBoilers rated in kWBoiler output is reduced due to the
effect of the feedwater temperaturems =kW x 3 6000(hg - feedwater
enthalpy)0Data input0Boiler ratingkW000Boiler pressurebar
g00Feedwater temperatureoC2,676000000Results2,6760Boiler steam
output0kg/h of steamNominal heat output0kW000Reduction in boiler
rating0%000Check your feedwater temperature !MAIN MENU
MAIN MENU
Feedwater & Pressure and F&APressureTempENTHALPY
kJ/kgENTROPY kJ/kg KSPEC VOL m3/kgbar g0oChfhfghgsfsfgsgvfvgbar
a1.01399.97418.72256.92675.71.3066.0487.3540.00101.6710PropertyABCDEFGtemp
F-0.177243.8398611.4834531.13110.0000876297-0.000000027986.594Liquid
spec vol
ft3/lb-0.0000005280.00002994610.00015218740.00006625120.000000000800.01596Vapou
spev vol ft3/lbThe effect of CONDENSATE RETURN on boiler
rating1-200
psia-0.48799304.7176149.8299035-16.4552740.0009474745-0.000001363419.5395300200-1500
psia0.002662457.5802-0.1769590.826862-0.00000046020.0000000001-2.3928Data
input00Liquid enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.151155673.67140411.62255830.8326670.0000874117-0.000000026254.55000latent
enthalpy
Btu/lb0.008676153-1.3049844-8.2137368-16.37649-0.0000430430.00000000981045.8100Boiler
rated atbar g0total enthalpy
Btu/lb-0.141292.2582253.401480214.4380780.0000422262-0.00000001571100.5Boiler
operating atbar g000this entry is now irrelevantLiquid entropy
Btu/b
R-0.0001677720.0042726880.010480480.058015090.000000091-00.11801000Maximum
plant loadkg/h000Latententropy Btu/b
R0.0000345444-0.00275287-0.00733044-0.14263733-0.000000034901.85565000T
sat% Condensate Return%00Total entropy Btu/b
R-0.00014769330.00126179460.00344201-0.084941280.0000000689-01.97364099.97Condensate
temperaturedeg C10Liquid internal energy
Btu/lb-0.15494393.66212111.63262830.821370.0000876248-0.000000026554.56Condensate
temperatureMake-up temperaturedeg C00Vapour internal energy
Btu/lb-0.09939511.939612.42835410.98188640.000027372-0.00000001061040.03001hfg2256.9kJ/kg.
. . this entry is now irrelevantdeg
C00rating1.6710Resultshg2675.7kJ/kgrunning1.6710Minimum boiler
rating required0kg/h F & A000steam Pressure psiax14.692552root
x3.8330864848x2215.8710842727x33171.6971309731ln x2.6873406987evap
factor=1Dry steam output0kg/h000temp F212Condensate
return0kg/h0None0Liquid spec vol
ft3/lb0.0167m3/lb=0.0004733427m3/kg=0.0010435429lb to kg =0.453592%
Make-up0%10000Vapou spev vol ft3/lb*Btu to kJ
=1.0550Make-up0kg/h0001-200
psia27m3/lb=0.7579741616m3/kg=1.6710483466ft3 to m3
=0.0283170Feedwater temp0deg C0000200-1500
psia30m3/lb=0.858958177m3/kg=1.89368017300Feedwater
enthalpy0kJ/kg00Liquid enthalpy
Btu/lb180kJ/lb=189.91kJ/kg=418.7latent enthalpy
Btu/lb970kJ/lb=1023.72kJ/kg=2256.9total enthalpy
Btu/lb1150kJ/lb=1213.70kJ/kg=2675.7000Liquid entropy Btu/lb
R0.3119kJ/lb R =0.3290906505kJ/kg R =0.7255212845kJ/kg C
=1.305938312Latententropy Btu/b R1.4445kJ/lb R =1.5239995637kJ/kg R
=3.3598466545kJ/kg C =6.047723978Total entropy Btu/b R1.7565kJ/lb R
=1.8531054417kJ/kg R =4.08540151kJ/kg C =7.3537227181Liquid
internal energy Btu/lb180kJ/lb =189.8661890835kJ/kg =418.6MAIN
MENUFEEDWATER & PRESSURE and F & AVapour internal energy
Btu/lb1078kJ/lb =1136.7917044304kJ/kg =2506.2diff0Liquid spec vol
m3/kgVapou spev vol m3/kg*x14.692552root
x3.8330864848x2215.8710842727x33171.6971309731ln
x2.687340698790.001-14 bar a1.67121214 -100 bar acond temp C
=100.0Liquid enthalpy kJ/kglatent enthalpy kJ/kgtotal enthalpy
kJ/kg1Liquid entropy kJ/kg0CTotal entropy kJ/kg0CLatent entropy
kJ/kg0CLiquid internal energy kJ/kg418.6Vapour internal energy
kJ/kg2506.2
MAIN MENU
FEEDWATER & PRESSURE and F & A
Flash vesselSize condensate drain lines & trap discharge
linesSystem 1System 2System 3CondensateSteam pressures9.0bar g%
DP0.9441.943.0bar gbar glowhigh0.5bar g backpressure0Condensate
rate3,000kg/h04810424040400kg/hkg/h1101010TRAP pressure 124TRAP
pressure 224TRAP pressure
324210106,564015110144lowhigh44lowhigh44lowhigh3101001102151101Drains40hf7636411515trap
P hf6056411515Trap Press hf4196411515150410100Commentpipe nominal
bore81.0mm40110404015415151502200150hf468hfg2,2268421515Cond P
hf468hfg2,2268421515Cond Press hf468hfg2,2268421515510100no
lift33161544v1.1477m3/kg10431515v1.1477m3/kg10431515v1.1477m3/kg1043151561010Lift67815condense0.0010m3/kg%
flash13.3%12441515condense0.0010m3/kg%
flash6%12441515condense0.0010m3/kg%
flash-2%12441515710101015144515151445151514451515810101215164615151646151516461515910101415Discharges100flash
load398kg/h%Vol c/f0.6%18471515flash load25kg/h%Vol
c/f1%18471515flash load0kg/h%Vol
c/f0%184715152501010101001002501001615000Cond
load2,602kg/h20481515Cond load375kg/h20481515Cond
load0kg/h20481515111015Condensate pressure1bar
g1815252525224915152249151522491515121015pipe nominal
bore25mm2015flash load456.3741m3/h244101515flash
load28m3/h244101515flash
load0m3/h2441015151310156057,1692215100Cond load2.6024m3/hcond
velocity1.4m/s264111515Cond load0m3/hcondensate
velocity1.4m/s264111515Cond load0m3/hcondensate
velocity1.4m/s2641115151001410151001 + 2
=85100100024151001001000284121515284121515284121515151515no
lift2615area for flash0.0046m2304131515area for
flash0.0004m2304131515area for flash0.000m2304131515161520422kg/h
flashlift422281580area for cond0.0005m2flash
velocity28m/s324141515area for cond0.0001m2flash
velocity20m/s324141515area for cond0.000m2flash
velocity0m/s3241415152001715202,978kg/h condensateno
lift80202,978030158020802000total area0.0051m2344151520total
area0.0005m2344151520total
area0.000m2344151520181520Lift3215d20.0065m23 m/s
datum364161520d20.0006m23 m/s datum364161520d20.000m23 m/s
datum3641615201915203415d0.0806m384171520d0.0243m384171520d0.000m384171520201520Condensate
pressure1bar g3615404181520404181520404181520212025pipe nominal
bore0mm38158081mm42419152025mm4241915200mm4241915208022202580008004015808080080101001,00010,000100,000444201520101001,00010,000100,000444201520101001,00010,000100,0004442015202320251
+ 2 + 3 =04215MAIN
MENU0.500.600.881.342.004642120250.500.600.881.342.004642120250.500.600.881.342.00464212025242025no
lift4415484222025484222025484222025252025lift4615GO TO
CHARTS3.47lookup factor5042320252.54lookup
factor5042320250.00lookup factor504232025262532no lift4815factor
=1.110.98524242025factor =0.811.47524242025factor
=0.003.79524242025272532Lift50155442520255442520255442520252825325215fact
10-1003.79564262532fact 10-1004564262532fact
10-10045642625322925325415fact 100 -10001.47584272532fact 100
-10001584272532fact 100 -100015842725323025325615fact 1000
-100000.98604282532fact 1000 -100001604282532fact 1000
-1000016042825323125325815fact 10000 -1000001.29624292532fact 10000
-1000001624292532fact 10000
-1000001624292532322532601564430253264430253264430253233324062156643125326643125326643125323432406415684322532684322532684322532353240661570433324070433324070433324036324068157243432407243432407243432403732407015744353240744353240744353240383240721576436324076436324076436324039324074157843732407843732407843732404032407615804383240804383240804383240414050781582439324082439324082439324042405080158444032408444032408444032404340508215864414050864414050864414050444050841588442405088442405088442405045405086159044340509044340509044340504640508815924444050924444050924444050474050901594445405094445405094445405048405092159644640509644640509644640504940509415984474050984474050984474050504050961510044840501004484050100448405051506598151021494050102149405010214940505250651001510415040501041504050104150405053506510215106151506510615150651061515065545065104151081525065108152506510815250655550651061511015350651101535065110153506556506510815112154506511215450651121545065575065110151141555065114155506511415550655850651121511615650651161565065116156506559506511415118157506511815750651181575065605065116151201585065120158506512015850656150651181512215950651221595065122159506562506512015124160506512416050651241605065635065122151261615065126161506512616150656450651241512816250651281625065128162506565506512615130163506513016350651301635065666580128151321645065132164506513216450656765801301513416550651341655065134165506568658013215136166658013616665801361666580696580134151381676580138167658013816765807065801361514016865801401686580140168658071658013815142169658014216965801421696580726580140151441706580144170658014417065807365801421514617165801461716580146171658074658014415148172658014817265801481726580756580146151501736580150173658015017365807665801481515217465801521746580152174658077658015015154175658015417565801541756580786580152151561766580156176658015617665807965801541515817765801581776580158177658080658015615160178658016017865801601786580818010015815162179658016217965801621796580828010016015164180658016418065801641806580838010016215166181801001661818010016618180100848010016415168182801001681828010016818280100858010016615170183801001701838010017018380100868010016815172184801001721848010017218480100878010017015174185801001741858010017418580100888010017215176186801001761868010017618680100898010017415178187801001781878010017818780100908010017615180188801001801888010018018880100918010017815182189801001821898010018218980100928010018015184190801001841908010018419080100938010018215186191801001861918010018619180100948010018415188192801001881928010018819280100958010018615190193801001901938010019019380100968010018815192194801001921948010019219480100978010019015194195801001941958010019419580100988010019215196196801001961968010019619680100998010019415198197801001981978010019819780100100801001961520019880100200198801002001988010010110015019815202199801002021998010020219980100102100150200152041100801002041100801002041100801001031001502021520611011001502061101100150206110110015010410015020415208110210015020811021001502081102100150105100150206152101103100150210110310015021011031001501061001502081521211041001502121104100150212110410015010710015021015214110510015021411051001502141105100150108100150212152161106100150216110610015021611061001501091001502141521811071001502181107100150218110710015011010015021615220110810015022011081001502201108100150111100150218152221109100150222110910015022211091001501121001502201522411101001502241110100150224111010015011310015022215226111110015022611111001502261111100150114100150224152281112100150228111210015022811121001501151001502261523011131001502301113100150230111310015011610015022815232111410015023211141001502321114100150117100150230152341115100150234111510015023411151001501181001502321523611161001502361116100150236111610015011910015023415238111710015023811171001502381117100150120100150236152401118100150240111810015024011181001501211001502381524211191001502421119100150242111910015012210015024015244112010015024411201001502441120100150123100150242152461121100150246112110015024611211001501241001502441524811221001502481122100150248112210015012510015024615250112310015025011231001502501123100150126100150248152521124100150252112410015025211241001501271001502501525411251001502541125100150254112510015012810015025215256112610015025611261001502561126100150129100150254152581127100150258112710015025811271001501301001502561526011281001502601128100150260112810015013110015025815262112910015026211291001502621129100150132100150260152641130100150264113010015026411301001501331001502621526611311001502661131100150266113110015013410015026415268113210015026811321001502681132100150135100150266152701133100150270113310015027011331001501361001502681527211341001502721134100150272113410015013710015027015274113510015027411351001502741135100150138100150272152761136100150276113610015027611361001501391001502741527811371001502781137100150278113710015014010015027615280113810015028011381001502801138100150141100150278152821139100150282113910015028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