sargassum cinereum biomass for removal of lead: kinetics ... · potential use of sargassum cinereum...

Potential use of Sargassum cinereumbiomass for removal of Lead: Kinetics, biomass for removal of Lead: Kinetics,

Isotherms, Thermodynamic and

Characterization Studies

Kishore Kumar Kadimpati

Siva Jyothi Jonna

Point Point Point Point Point Point Point Point and Nonpoint Sourcesand Nonpoint Sourcesand Nonpoint Sourcesand Nonpoint Sourcesand Nonpoint Sourcesand Nonpoint Sourcesand Nonpoint Sourcesand Nonpoint Sources

Collection and preparation of biomass

Collected from Andaman Nicobar islands, washed

thoroughly to remove debris, shade dried

powdered in domestic mixer. Powdered biomass

is rinsed with demineralized water and dried in

oven at 70°C, sieved trough 100 sieve and

stored in dehumidifier for further studies.

Mallareddy College of Pharmacy

stored in dehumidifier for further studies.

The major advantages of biosorption over conventionaltreatment methods include

¯ Low cost

¯ High efficiency

¯ Minimization of chemical and biological

sludge

¯ No additional nutrient requirement


¯ No additional nutrient requirement

¯ Regeneration of biosorbent and

¯ Possibility of metal recovery

To determine the metal calculations in the parameters the

following equation is used:

MODEL CALCULATION

Where qe = metal uptake (mg/g).

V = volume of metal solution (lit).

Ci = Initial concentration (mg/L).

Cf = Final concentration (mg/L).

w = Mass of the adsorbent (gm).

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55In

itia

l L

ead

(II)

co

ncen

trati

on

, m

g/L

Pb (II)-Equilibrium time


5

10

15

20

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Init

ial L

ead

(II)

co

ncen

trati

on

, m

g/L

Time, min

5 g/L 10 g/L 15 g/L 20 g/L

4

6

8q

e, m

g/g

Effect of pH


0

2

0 20 40 60 80

Ce, mg/L

pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6

60

65

70

75

80

85

0 50 100 150 200

% R

em

ov

al

of

Lead

(II)

Initial Pb (II) concentration, mg/L

pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6

7

8

Effect of Initial metal Conc.


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0 50 100 150 200

qe, m

g/g

Initial Pb(II) concentration, mg/L

pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6

60

65

70

75

80

85

% R

em

ov

al

of

Pb

(II

)Effect of Biomass weight


45

50

55

60

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Biomass weight, g/L

24.8 mg/L 48.3 mg/L 96.3 mg/L 148.2 mg/L 186.7 mg/L

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

qe

, m

g/g

Effect of Biomass weight


0

5

10

15

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Biomass weight, g/L


65

70

75

80

85

% R

em

ov

al

of

Lead

(II)

Effect of Temperature


55

60

295 300 305 310 315 320 325

Temperature, °°°°K


0.6

0.7

0.8

Pb(II)- Freundlich Isotherm TEMP0

K KF{mg g-

1)(mg L

-1)n} n R

2

298 2.95053 1.283532 0.9981

308 4.762116 1.216545 0.9997

313 6.343077 1.162115 0.9987

323 9.206615 1.130454 0.9998


-0.2

-0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2

log

qe

log Ce

298 K 308 K 313 K 323 K

16

Pb(II)- Langmuir Isotherm

Ce/qe=Ce/qm

+1/KLqm

Temp qm 1/KL KL R2

298 298 9.756098 50.93659 0.019632 0.9698

308 308 10.02004 66.52505 0.015032 0.9482

313 313 12.67427 109.4829 0.009134 0.9931

323 323 14.51379 154.3541 0.006479 0.9694


4

7

10

13

4 24 44 64 84

Ce/q

e

Ce, mg/L

298 K 308 K 313 K 323 K

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

log

(C

ad

/Ce)

Pb(II)- Thermodynamics


0

0.003075 0.003125 0.003175 0.003225 0.003275 0.003325 0.0033751/T


CT ∆∆∆∆H ∆∆∆∆S T ∆∆∆∆g=h-ts

24.86 -35.0393 -104.488 298 31.10235

48.319 -30.0725 -89.5282 308 27.54462

96.34 -30.1357 -90.4626 313 28.28465

148.23 -25.8506 -77.5612 323 25.02643

186.71 -24.7362 -74.5437 31.10235

�Enthalpy Change is negative, so the process is

Exothermic nature.

�Gibbs free Energy change is negative it indicates

spontaneous process.

Pb(II)- Kinetics

First order kinetics

-0.4

-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

log

(q

e-q

t)


-1.2

-1

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Time, min

0.25 g 0.50 g 0.75 g 1 g

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

t/q

t, m

in m

g/g

Pb(II)- Kinetics

Pseudo Second order kinetics

B.W qe qe2*constant K

0.1 g 7.686395 237.9238 0.001355

0.25 g 4.00641 96.43634 0.01037

0.5 g 2.816901 54.77959 0.018255

1 g 2.250731 33.49399 0.029856


0

10

20

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Time, min

0.25 g 0.50 g 0.75 g 1 g

�From the Equilibrium kinetics second –

order model is well satisfied.

Unloaded S. cenereum


Pb (II) loaded S. cenereum

S.No Band shift position, cm-1

DescriptionUn loaded

Biomass

Loaded with

Pb2

1 2947.68 2918 C–H stretching vibrations due to lignins

(Ahmet et al., 2007)

2 2145.97 2156 Thiocyanate (–SCN)

3 1925.97 1964 Combination of aromatic bonds

4 1508.85 --------- –NH stretching vibration at peptidic bond of

protein (Hui and Yu, 2007)


protein (Hui and Yu, 2007)

5 1459.80 1439 Symmetric bending vibrations of alkane

bonds (–CH3) (Ahmet et al., 2007)

6 1098.65 1078 C–N, PO34 (ortho phosphate) and organic

siloxanes (Deepa et al., 2007)

6 1007.60 1013 C–O characterized by polysaccharides in the

biomass (Sujoy and Arun, 2007)

7 876.73 865 (–CH)- 1,3 substitution at aromatic aryl rings

8 798.80 --------- presence of siliceous (Si–C) (Vítor et al,

2009)

Unloaded S. cenereum

After Pb+2 adsorption the particles have

granular, complex, uneven and porous

surface textures that were not found in

the native biomass S. Cinereum algal

powder. The similar results were

observed in case of Cd+2, Cu+2 on the

surface of the Acacia leucocephala bark

powder (Subbaiah et al., 2010).


Pb (II) loaded S. cenereum

powder (Subbaiah et al., 2010).

• Uptake of metal ions by adsorbent increases with increases in

adsorbate concentration.

• Uptake of metal ions increases with increase in pH of solution up to

certain extent and then decreases.

• Decline in sorption capacity with increasing the temperature may be

attributed to the physical adsorption.

Conclusions


• From the linear Isotherm analysis it is clear that the Freundlich

Isotherm well satisfied than Langmuir models.

• The coefficients of the model equation are good agreement with the

values obtained in graphical analysis.

• The metal uptaking capacity is 7.22 mg/g at pH 5.

• The significant change in the wave number reveals, that the

involvement of the C–H stretching vibrations (lignins) (Ahmet

et al., 2007) and Thiocynates in the biosorption process

• After Pb+2 adsorption the particles have

granular, complex, uneven and porous surface textures

that were not found in the native biomass S. Cinereum

algal powder.


algal powder.

• S. Cinereum is promising biomass useful for the removal of

Pb(II) from waste water.

Authors are thankful to DST-SERB

(SERB/F/4631/2013-14 dated 17.10.2013) for

the financial support for this work.


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sargassum cinereum biomass for removal of lead: kinetics ... · potential use of sargassum cinereum...

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