satcom intro and future

7/29/2019 Satcom intro and future

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DEVELOPMENT IN SATELLITE COMMUNICATION ANDBROADBAND INTERNET

By

Guru Hariharan

Chief Executive

BSES TELECOM LTD


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The number of Internet Subscribers in India is likely to double to 7.9

million by the end of the year, making it the fastest growing market

in Asia,India had two million Internet users at the end of 2000, more thantriple the total a year earlier.

The current six million frequent Internet Subscribers in India will increaseto a staggering 40 million by the year-end 2005. Gartner projects thenumber of real Internet Subscribers to reach 7.9 million by year-end 2001

Current Internet Market Scenario

Highlights of New Telecom Policy

Category 'A' - whole of India

Category 'B' - 20 telecom circles: Delhi, Mumbai, Calcutta, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Bangalore,

Hyderabad and Pune.

Category 'C' - secondary switching areas of DoT.

A company can get any number of licenses.There shall be no limit on number of licenses that can be granted to a company in a particular

area.

International connectivity would be through gateways of DoT, VSNL or authorized public/

government organizations. Private ISPs will be allowed to provide gateways only after obtaining

security clearance. Direct interconnectivity between two separately licensed ISPs shall be

permitted.

ISPs will be free to fix their own tariff. However, TRAI may review tariffs at any time.Telephony on the Internet is not permitted.


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Why need satellite and fiber backbone ?

Existing Monopoly Of VSNL

VSNL is India's monopoly carrier of international telecom traffic.

services include telephony, telex and telegraph.

Also provides a host of value-added services. gateway packet data transmission, electronic

data interchange Internet, International Maritime Satellite (Inmarsat) mobile services,

satellite uplinking, private leased channels, video conferencing etc.

It is at present the monopoly gateway access provider for international data transmission

and Internet.

VSNL's monopoly on the international gateways has been removed with private parties

setting up Internet gateways.

Submarine Cable NetworkThe submarine gateway opens up a new

revolution in the Field of IT technology having

a terra byte Capacity with 100% commitment

for faster communication.

Major Submarine Cable Network Players InIndiaFLAG TELECOM

SEA-ME-WE 3

DISHNET

I 2 I NETWORKS


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Why Satellite ?

Satellite can fill in pockets where other technologies cant reach.

Global coverage.

Broadcast applications such as the delivery of the same

information to a large group of users.

High speed reliability.

Less packet loss.

Supporting DVB platforms for broadband applications.

Communication at terrestial links


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Role of Satellites in Telecom Industry

Web browsing

WWW browsing, FTP access, and also electronic mail. High end users, Telecommuters and Small Office/Home

Office users desire high bandwidth access, which cannot be satisfied by common technologies

Information dissemination and broad-/mulitcastSatellite networks are better media to deliver bulk data, anywhere and anytime. Some illustrative examples include

maps and situation awareness data, stock market and financial numbers, battlefield information, and medical data.

Data broadcast, such as Webcasting, network news, and TV programs can be very expensive for point-to-point

networks, but is ideally suited to broadcast satellites. Therefore, GEO satellites are far more suitable for these

applications than is the traditional terrestrial network

Videoconferencing

Video conferencing applications use data compression to allow two-way multi-user video conferencing

connections to work over limited bandwidth channels. The PSTN infrastructure of today limits the video

conferencing to one-on one, point-to-point sessions. Networks with downstream bandwidth rates as the

Satellite based networks can provide the required capabilities for multi user simultaneous sessions where the

downstream data combines several sites participating in the conference.

Corporate ApplicationsA major application for businesses is the extension of their Intranet or corporate network to all of their

subsidiaries. With satellite, all subsidiaries in the spot beam of the satellite have instant access to the

database at their headquarters.

Some typical examples are :-

News agencies for distribution of high resolution images,


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Distance Learning

Access to remote site containing educational oriented data as electronic library, lectures etc. can be achieved by

students anywhere in the Satellite coverage area. The content can be transmitted via the high-speed satellite

channel either individually to each student or simultaneously to sub groups on a multicast like system

Internet Service Providers

ISPs are companies that provide a range of IP based services including Internet access and related connectivity,

web hosting, data warehousing and targeted information services. ISPs can effectively use satellite communication

to provide fast Internet access to subscribers or businesses, which are out of reach of DSL or cable modem

providers. One of the services taking advantage of the satellites broadcast nature is Webcasting, where Video or

Audio signals such as news, interviews, or reports are broadcast over the Internet.


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Types of Band

C-Band The frequency range between 3700 MHz to 4200

Ext C-Band The frequency range between 4.2 GHz to 6.8GHz Ext C-Band is an Improved

version of C-band

KuBand The frequency range from 10.7 GHz to 12.75 Ku-band requires smaller receiving

antenna thus has become the most popular method of broadcasting

Ka -Band The frequency range between 18 GHz to 24 GHz Ka Band operates on a very High

Frequency and is generally being used by Army and remote sensing organizations

Orbits

Typically Three known Orbits are existing Orbit type

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Altitude 700 (km )------ GMPCS

Medium Earth Orbit (MEO)10,000(Km) ---------- GMPCS

Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO)36,000 ( km ) --------- FSS / BSS

Satellites Needed For Global Coverage

LEO,s 40 + ( Iridium, Globalstar)

MEO,s 10 to 15 ( IcoGlobal )

GEO,s 3 to 4 (1) ( Intelsat Eutelsat ,Panamsat Thaicom and Newskies )


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S

er

v

e

r

s

Satellites Connecting ISP network

Terrestia link


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Major satellite with foot prints over India

Intelsat

Insat

Panamsat

Asiasat

Thaicom

Eutelsat

Singtel

Loral Cyberstar

Newskies

Top Five satellite system Operators as of year end 2000

Rank Operator Capacity

1 Intelsat 1,229

2 PanAmSat 846

3 GE American Comm 594

4 Eutelsat 498

5 New Skies 257


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Benefits of using Satellite communication

Ease of Implementation

Availability

Reliability

Network Management

Recovery

Security

Scalability

Flexibility

Lower Cost


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VSAT BASED CLOSE USER GROUP (CUG)

VSAT technology is appropriate for any organisation with

centralised management and data processing.

To minimise overall cost of the complete network

The shared hub :- Allows the use of low cost remote VSATterminals and optimises use of satellite capacity.


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Three different transmission schemes are used for interactive

hubbed VSAT networks:

PAMA

TDMA DAMA(Demand Assigned SCPC)

Shared Hub NetworksTo make VSAT networks more affordable it is possible to share the hub

between several users, thereby spreading the cost. In this case the hub is

usually owned by a service provider who retains overall control of the networkand who manages the hub itself. Each user, however, is allocated his own time

slots or carriers and can so operate his own private network using the shared

hub facility without any loss of privacy.


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Typical VSAT Network


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Hub Station

The hub station is usually a relatively large, high

performance earth station with an antenna diameter ofanything between 6 and 9m. The hub consists of a

network control centre which manages the network as

well as IDE (Indoor electronics) ODE (antenna + front

end RFT,) for the transmission and reception of signals.


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Interactive VSAT Networks

All the established interactive hubbed VSAT systems use

TDM/TDMA access as the primary access technique(having continous mode on outbounds and burst Mode

on inbounds).


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The principle characteristics of an interactive VSAT

network are

Remote user sites have several low bit rate data terminal

equipments (DTEs) operating at 1.2 to 9.6 kb/s. These areconnected through the VSAT network to a centralised host

processor. The DTEs are connected to the host through

an X.25 Packet

The amount of data transferred in each transaction is

relatively small, typically between 300 and 105 bits

A large number of VSAT terminals (10 to 10000)

share the same communications link using random

access.

Connections between remote VSAT terminals require a

double hop through the hub and are rarely used.


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The commercial geostationary communication satellite industry

1999 2000 2009*

No. of geostationary operators 43 46 50

No of satellites in operation** 212 233 240

No. of 36MHz equivalent transponders 5981 6531 12000

* forecast

** for all kind of services Digital Broadcasting Services ,Digital AudioBroadcasting ,Fixed Satellite Services and Mobile Satellite

Services .


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Major corporates using Satellites

National Stock Exchange

Bombay Stock ExchangeDelhi Stock Exchange

OTCEA

Corporates

ONGC

BPCL

HPCL

Defence Agencies (Remote Sensing)

Banking Sector ATMs, Instant Money Transfer ,anywhere Banking etc.

Education Institutions :- NCERT,UGC IGNOU etc,

Cable Operators

Online Trading


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VSAT/Satellite Service Providers

HCL ComnetHughes Telecom

Telstra V-Com

Bharti BT

Comsat Max

HFCL

ITI

Essel Shyam


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SATELLITE AND FIBER COMMUNICATIONS

Satellite and fiber play complementary roles in international networks.Fiber offers network builders

practically unlimited bandwidth but limited geographic reach while satellites can provide limited

bandwidth but essentially limitless reach.


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Conclusion :

Growth in the use of satellite systems have led to forecast that

global satellite capacity will grow in the next five years.This

expansion is linked to the growth of the Internet , which is

forecast to go from the current 320 million users doubling every

year .


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Thank You

satcom intro and future

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