saving for a rainy day suppose you earned extra money by having a part-time job. at first, you might...
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Saving for a Rainy DaySaving for a Rainy Day
Suppose you earned extra money by having a Suppose you earned extra money by having a part-time job. At first, you might be tempted part-time job. At first, you might be tempted to spend all of the money, but then you to spend all of the money, but then you decide to open a bank accountdecide to open a bank account..
1. What are the benefits of having a bank 1. What are the benefits of having a bank account? account?
2. What do you have to do if you need some of 2. What do you have to do if you need some of this money? this money?
3. What might your body do when it has more 3. What might your body do when it has more energy than it energy than it needs to carry out its activities?needs to carry out its activities?
4. What does your body do when it needs energy?4. What does your body do when it needs energy?
Interest Grabber - DO NOW – 2minutes
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Energy and LifeEnergy and Life
A.A.Autotrophs and HeterotrophsAutotrophs and Heterotrophs
B.B.Chemical Energy and ATPChemical Energy and ATP
1.1. ATP and ADPATP and ADP
2.2. Releasing Energy From Releasing Energy From ATPATP
3.3. Using Biochemical EnergyUsing Biochemical Energy
C.C.ATP and GlucoseATP and Glucose
Photosynthesis: An OverviewPhotosynthesis: An Overview
A.A. Investigating PhotosynthesisInvestigating Photosynthesis1.1. Van Helmont’s ExperimentVan Helmont’s Experiment
2.2. Priestley’s ExperimentPriestley’s Experiment
3.3. Jan IngenhouszJan Ingenhousz
B.B. The Photosynthesis EquationThe Photosynthesis Equation
C.C. Light and PigmentsLight and Pigments
WHAT IS ON THE CARDS FOR TODAY?
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Autotrophs & Autotrophs & HeterotrophsHeterotrophs
AutotrophsAutotrophs Organisms which Organisms which
make their own make their own foodfood
HeterotrophsHeterotrophs Organisms which Organisms which
can not make their can not make their own foodown food
ASK THE ASK THE AUDIENCE 1AUDIENCE 1
Grab your remotes and get Grab your remotes and get ready to answer the following ready to answer the following
questions…questions…
Car
nivore
Her
bivore
Om
nivore
Sap
rophy
te
25% 25%25%25%
What am What am I?I?
1.1. CarnivoreCarnivore
2.2. HerbivoreHerbivore
3.3. OmnivoreOmnivore
4.4. SaprophyteSaprophyte
Car
nivore
Her
bivore
Om
nivore
Sap
rophy
te
25% 25%25%25%
What am What am I?I?
1.1. CarnivoreCarnivore
2.2. HerbivoreHerbivore
3.3. OmnivoreOmnivore
4.4. SaprophyteSaprophyte
Car
nivore
Her
bivore
Om
nivore
Sap
rophy
te
25% 25%25%25%
What am What am I?I?
1.1. CarnivoreCarnivore
2.2. HerbivoreHerbivore
3.3. OmnivoreOmnivore
4.4. SaprophyteSaprophyte
Pro
ducer
Consu
mer
Het
rotro
ph
Sap
rophy
te
25% 25%25%25%
What am What am I?I?
1.1. ProducerProducer
2.2. ConsumerConsumer
3.3. HetrotrophHetrotroph
4.4. SaprophyteSaprophyte
Det
rivore
Consu
mer
Auto
troph
Sap
rophy
te
25% 25%25%25%
What am What am I?I?
1.1. DetrivoreDetrivore
2.2. ConsumerConsumer
3.3. AutotrophAutotroph
4.4. SaprophyteSaprophyte
Car
nivore
Her
bivore
Om
nivore
Sap
rophy
te
25% 25%25%25%
What am What am I?I?
1.1. CarnivoreCarnivore
2.2. HerbivoreHerbivore
3.3. OmnivoreOmnivore
4.4. SaprophyteSaprophyte
Auto
troph
Her
bivore
Consu
mer
Sap
rophy
te
25% 25%25%25%
What am What am I?I?
1.1. AutotrophAutotroph
2.2. HerbivoreHerbivore
3.3. ConsumerConsumer
4.4. SaprophyteSaprophyte
WELL PLAYEDWELL PLAYED
ENERGY AND WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE
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WHERE IS THE ENERGY???? REALLY???????
BUT
Adenosine TriphosphateAdenosine Triphosphate
ADP ATP
Energy
Energy
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) + Phosphate Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Partiallychargedbattery
Fullychargedbattery
Comparison of ADP and ATP to a Battery
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ATP and GlucoseATP and Glucose
ATPATP GlucoseGlucose
Short Term Short Term Long Term StorageLong Term Storage
Transfers energy very Transfers energy very quicklyquickly
Takes longer to get Takes longer to get energy outenergy out
Can’t store energy very Can’t store energy very long. (breaks down to long. (breaks down to ADP and loses energy)ADP and loses energy)
Can store energy very Can store energy very well. 1 molecule of well. 1 molecule of glucose can hold 90 glucose can hold 90 times more energy than times more energy than ATP.ATP.
Trapping EnergyTrapping Energy
Have you ever used a solar-powered Have you ever used a solar-powered calculator? No matter where you go, as calculator? No matter where you go, as long as you have a light source, the long as you have a light source, the calculator works. You never have to put calculator works. You never have to put batteries in it.batteries in it.
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1. A solar-powered calculator uses solar cells 1. A solar-powered calculator uses solar cells that are found in rows along the top of the that are found in rows along the top of the calculator. Into what kind of energy is the calculator. Into what kind of energy is the light energy converted so that the calculator light energy converted so that the calculator works?works?
2. Recall that plants use light energy from the 2. Recall that plants use light energy from the sun to make food. Into what kind of energy is sun to make food. Into what kind of energy is the light energy converted by plants?the light energy converted by plants?
3. Most plants, no matter what size or shape 3. Most plants, no matter what size or shape they are, have some parts that are green. they are, have some parts that are green. Which parts of a plant are usually green? Which parts of a plant are usually green?
4. What does the green color have to do with 4. What does the green color have to do with the plant’s ability to convert light energy into the plant’s ability to convert light energy into the energy found in the food it makes?the energy found in the food it makes?
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How Did We How Did We Discover Discover
Photosynthesis??Photosynthesis????
Jan Van Helmont’sJan Van Helmont’sExperiment (1600’s)Experiment (1600’s)
Wanted to find Wanted to find out if plants out if plants grew by taking grew by taking nutrients out of nutrients out of soil.soil. After 5 yearsAfter 5 years
Plant Mass 75kgPlant Mass 75kg Soil Mass Soil Mass
unchangedunchanged Van Helmont Van Helmont
accounts for the accounts for the “Hydrate” “Hydrate” carbohydratecarbohydrate
Joseph Priestley’sJoseph Priestley’sExperiment (Early 1700’s)Experiment (Early 1700’s)
Plants Plants release release oxygenoxygen
Jan Ingenhousz’sJan Ingenhousz’sExperimentExperiment
Showed Showed that the that the effects in effects in Priestley’s Priestley’s experiment experiment only only occurredoccurred when the when the plant was plant was exposed to exposed to lightlight..
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6 CO2 + 6 H2O
C6H12O6 + 6O2
WHATWHAT ABSORBS ABSORBS THIS THIS
SUNLIGHT?SUNLIGHT?
PigmentsPigmentsChlorophyll AChlorophyll A
Chlorophyll BChlorophyll B
Absorption of Light byChlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b
V B G YO R
Chlorophyll b
Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll Light Absorption…
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Why do leaves change Why do leaves change colors?colors?
ChlorophylChlorophyll a – Greenl a – Green
ChlorophylChlorophyll b - Redl b - Red
ASK THE ASK THE AUDIENCE 2AUDIENCE 2
Grab your remotes and get Grab your remotes and get ready to answer the following ready to answer the following
questions…questions…
Which color in the Which color in the spectrum does spectrum does
chlorophyll a absorb chlorophyll a absorb the most?the most?
1.1. VioletViolet
2.2. IndigoIndigo
3.3. BlueBlue
4.4. GreenGreen
5.5. YellowYellow
6.6. OrangeOrange
7.7. RedRed
Which color in the Which color in the spectrum does spectrum does
chlorophyll b absorb chlorophyll b absorb the most?the most?
1.1. VioletViolet
2.2. IndigoIndigo
3.3. BlueBlue
4.4. GreenGreen
5.5. YellowYellow
6.6. OrangeOrange
7.7. RedRed
Which color in the Which color in the spectrum is least spectrum is least
absorbed?absorbed?
1.1. VioletViolet
2.2. IndigoIndigo
3.3. BlueBlue
4.4. GreenGreen
5.5. YellowYellow
6.6. OrangeOrange
7.7. RedRed
HOMEWORKHOMEWORK Learn for Quick Quiz at the Learn for Quick Quiz at the
beginning of your next lesson.beginning of your next lesson. Complete Question 1 – 5 (Section Complete Question 1 – 5 (Section
Assessment) on pg 207.Assessment) on pg 207.
Let us Look Into the Let us Look Into the FutureFuture
It is 100 years in the future and you are a It is 100 years in the future and you are a research scientist. An enormous volcanic research scientist. An enormous volcanic eruption has recently sent huge quantities of eruption has recently sent huge quantities of dust and ash into the atmosphere.dust and ash into the atmosphere.
Working with a partner, make a list of how Working with a partner, make a list of how this event will affect each of the following:this event will affect each of the following: 1. photosynthesis1. photosynthesis 2. plant life2. plant life 3. animal life3. animal life 4. human societies4. human societies
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8–38–3 The Reactions of The Reactions of PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesisA.A. Inside a ChloroplastInside a Chloroplast
B.B.NADPHNADPH
C.C.Light-Dependent ReactionsLight-Dependent Reactions
D.D.The Calvin CycleThe Calvin Cycle
E.E.Factors Affecting Factors Affecting PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
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Photosynthesis
includes
of
take place intakes place in uses
to produce to produce
use
Light-dependentreactions
Calvin cycle
Thylakoidmembranes Stroma NADPHATPEnergy from
sunlight
ATP NADPH O2 Chloroplasts High-energysugars
Section 8-3
Concept Map
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Chloroplast
Light
O2
Sugars
CO2
Light-Dependent Reactions
CalvinCycle
NADPH
ATP
ADP + PNADP+Chloroplast
Section 8-3
Figure 8-7 Photosynthesis: An Overview
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HydrogenIon Movement
Photosystem II
InnerThylakoidSpace
ThylakoidMembrane
Stroma
ATP synthase
Electron Transport Chain Photosystem I ATP Formation
Chloroplast
Section 8-3
Figure 8-10 Light-Dependent Reactions
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ChloropIast
CO2 Enters the Cycle
Energy Input
5-CarbonMoleculesRegenerated
Sugars and other compounds
6-Carbon SugarProduced
Section 8-3
Figure 8-11 Calvin Cycle
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