scada classification by-rahul mehra
TRANSCRIPT
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SCADA SYSTEMSCADA SYSTEMCLASSIFICATIONCLASSIFICATION
By- Rahul MehraBy- Rahul Mehra
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AGENDAAGENDA IntroductionIntroduction
HistoryHistory What is SCADA?What is SCADA?
Classifications of a SCADA systemClassifications of a SCADA system Elements of SCADA system?Elements of SCADA system? Where is SCADA used?Where is SCADA used? What types of SCADA are there?What types of SCADA are there?
Purpose of this researchPurpose of this research ConclusionConclusion
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONSCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) System System
HistoryHistory Why SCADA?Why SCADA? Definition of SCADADefinition of SCADA
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HISTORYHISTORY Egyptian supervisoryEgyptian supervisory First half of the 20First half of the 20thth century century Development from telemetry systemDevelopment from telemetry system Weather predictionsWeather predictions Rail road tracksRail road tracks Two way systemTwo way system 1960s idea for supervisory1960s idea for supervisory 1970s radio system1970s radio system
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WHY SCADA?WHY SCADA? Saves Time and MoneySaves Time and Money
Less traveling for workers (e.g. helicopter ride)Less traveling for workers (e.g. helicopter ride) Reduces man-power needsReduces man-power needs Increases production efficiency of a companyIncreases production efficiency of a company Cost effective for power systemsCost effective for power systems Saves energySaves energy
ReliableReliable Supervisory control over a particular systemSupervisory control over a particular system
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WHAT IS SCADA?WHAT IS SCADA? Supervisory Control and Data AcquisitionSupervisory Control and Data Acquisition SupervisorySupervisory
Operator/s, engineer/s, supervisor/s, etcOperator/s, engineer/s, supervisor/s, etc ControlControl
MonitoringMonitoring LimitedLimited TelemetryTelemetry Remote/LocalRemote/Local
Data acquisitionData acquisition Access and acquire information or data from the Access and acquire information or data from the equipment equipment Sends it to different sites through telemetrySends it to different sites through telemetry Analog / DigitalAnalog / Digital
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CLASSIFICATIONSCLASSIFICATIONS Anatomy of a SCADA system?Anatomy of a SCADA system?
Elements of SCADAElements of SCADA Levels of SCADALevels of SCADA
Where is SCADA used? Where is SCADA used? Different applications of SCADA systems?Different applications of SCADA systems?
What types of SCADA are there?What types of SCADA are there? Component manufacturers and system manufacturers Component manufacturers and system manufacturers of the SCADA systems?of the SCADA systems?
Automation SolutionsAutomation Solutions SoftwareSoftware HardwareHardware
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ELEMENTS OF ELEMENTS OF SCADASCADA
Elements of a SCADA systemElements of a SCADA system Sensors and actuatorsSensors and actuators RTUs/PLCsRTUs/PLCs CommunicationCommunication MTUMTU
Front End ProcessorFront End Processor SCADA serverSCADA server Historical/Redundant/Safety ServerHistorical/Redundant/Safety Server HMI computerHMI computer HMI softwareHMI software
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SENSORSSENSORSTypes of sensors:Types of sensors:
Pressure sensorsPressure sensors Temperature sensorsTemperature sensors Light sensorsLight sensors Humidity sensorsHumidity sensors Wind speed sensorsWind speed sensors Water level sensorsWater level sensors Distance sensorsDistance sensors
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ACTUATORSACTUATORSActuators:Actuators:
ValvesValves PumpsPumps MotorsMotors
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RTUSRTUSRTU – Remote Terminal UnitRTU – Remote Terminal Unit
Intelligent to control a process and multiple processesIntelligent to control a process and multiple processes Data logging and alarm handlingData logging and alarm handling ExpandableExpandable Asks the field devices for informationAsks the field devices for information Can control IEDs (Intelligent Electronic Device)Can control IEDs (Intelligent Electronic Device) Slave/Master deviceSlave/Master device
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ALARMSALARMSTypes of alarms:Types of alarms:
Good alarmsGood alarms Critical failure alarmsCritical failure alarms
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SAFETY INSTRUMENTED SAFETY INSTRUMENTED SYSTEMSSYSTEMS
Actions:Actions:
Override the normal control systemOverride the normal control system Take over the actuatorsTake over the actuators
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PLCSPLCSPLC – Programmable Logic ControllerPLC – Programmable Logic Controller
Ladder logicLadder logic Industrial computer that replaced relaysIndustrial computer that replaced relays Not a protocol converterNot a protocol converter Cannot control IEDsCannot control IEDs Communication compatibilitiesCommunication compatibilities Takes actions based on its inputsTakes actions based on its inputs
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COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATIONCommunication systems:Communication systems:
Switched Telephone NetworkSwitched Telephone Network Leased linesLeased lines Private Network (LAN/RS-485)Private Network (LAN/RS-485) InternetInternet Wireless Communication systemsWireless Communication systems
Wireless LANWireless LAN Global System for Mobile CommunicationGlobal System for Mobile Communication (GSM) Network (GSM) Network Radio modemsRadio modems
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COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION CONT.CONT.
Protocols:Protocols:
MODBUSMODBUS DNP 3.0DNP 3.0 FieldbusFieldbus Controller Area Network (CAN)Controller Area Network (CAN) ProfibusProfibus DirectNetDirectNet TCP/IPTCP/IP EthernetEthernet
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FRONT END FRONT END PROCESSORPROCESSOR
Front End ProcessorFront End Processor
Gathers all communications and converts them Gathers all communications and converts them into SCADA friendly communication into SCADA friendly communication Communication interface between several RTUCommunication interface between several RTU channels and the host Master Station computer channels and the host Master Station computer
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SCADA SERVERSCADA SERVERSCADA ServerSCADA Server
It can be a Web serverIt can be a Web server Data loggingData logging Analyzing dataAnalyzing data Serve the clients through a firewallServe the clients through a firewall Clients connected in the corporation or connectedClients connected in the corporation or connected outside through internet outside through internet Real-time decision makerReal-time decision maker Asks RTU for informationAsks RTU for information
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HISTORICAL HISTORICAL SERVERSERVER
Historical/Safety/Redundant ServerHistorical/Safety/Redundant Server
Logs the data from the SCADA server and Logs the data from the SCADA server and stores it as a backup, in case of a disaster stores it as a backup, in case of a disaster It is basically a safety serverIt is basically a safety server
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HMI COMPUTERHMI COMPUTERHuman Machine Interface ComputerHuman Machine Interface Computer
Access on the SCADA ServerAccess on the SCADA Server Control the systemControl the system Operator InterfaceOperator Interface SoftwareSoftware
User friendlyUser friendly Programmable (C, C++)Programmable (C, C++)
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DCSDCSDCS – Distributed Control SystemDCS – Distributed Control System
Process oriented – tendency to do somethingProcess oriented – tendency to do something Not event oriented – does not depend on circumstancesNot event oriented – does not depend on circumstances Local control over the devicesLocal control over the devices Subordinate to SCADASubordinate to SCADA
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LEVELS OF SCADALEVELS OF SCADAFour levels of SCADA systemFour levels of SCADA system
Level IV - EnterpriseLevel IV - Enterprise Corporate LAN/WANCorporate LAN/WAN World Wide WebWorld Wide Web Virtual Private NetworkVirtual Private Network Firewall for remote usersFirewall for remote users
Level III – SCADA / MTULevel III – SCADA / MTU Operator WorkstationsOperator Workstations ControlControl Engineering WorkstationsEngineering Workstations Servers – Data loggingServers – Data logging
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LEVELS OF SCADA LEVELS OF SCADA CONT.CONT.
Four levels of SCADA systemFour levels of SCADA system
Level II – TelecommunicationLevel II – Telecommunication FiberFiber RadioRadio Telephone leased lineTelephone leased line ProtocolsProtocols
Level I – FieldLevel I – Field DevicesDevices RTUs / PLCsRTUs / PLCs SensorsSensors
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LEVEL IV - LEVEL IV - ENTERPRISEENTERPRISE
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LEVEL III - SCADALEVEL III - SCADA
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LEVEL II AND ILEVEL II AND ITELECOMMUNICATION AND FIELDTELECOMMUNICATION AND FIELD
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WHERE IS SCADA WHERE IS SCADA USED?USED?
Main SCADA applications:Main SCADA applications: Water and WastewaterWater and Wastewater PowerPower Oil and GasOil and Gas Research facilitiesResearch facilities TransportationTransportation Security systemsSecurity systems Siren systemsSiren systems IrrigationIrrigation Communication controlCommunication control
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SCADA EXAMPLESSCADA EXAMPLESSCADA examples:SCADA examples:
Gas control systemsGas control systems Water control systemsWater control systems Power systemsPower systems
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GAS SCADAGAS SCADA
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WATER SCADAWATER SCADA
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POWER SCADAPOWER SCADA
powerpowercontrolcontrol
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SCADA SYSTEM SCADA SYSTEM TYPESTYPES
Three types of basic SCADA systems:Three types of basic SCADA systems:
Basic SCADABasic SCADA One machine processOne machine process One RTU and MTUOne RTU and MTU
Integrated SCADAIntegrated SCADA Multiple RTUsMultiple RTUs DCSDCS
Networked SCADANetworked SCADA Multiple SCADAMultiple SCADA
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BASIC SCADABASIC SCADA
Car manufacturing robotCar manufacturing robot Room temperature controlRoom temperature control
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INTEGRATED INTEGRATED SCADASCADA
Water systemsWater systems Subway systemsSubway systems Security systemsSecurity systems
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NETWORKED NETWORKED SCADASCADA
Power systemsPower systems CommunicationCommunication systems systems
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AUTOMATION AUTOMATION SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONS
SCADA system manufacturersSCADA system manufacturers
Modular SCADA, UKModular SCADA, UK MOSCAD, MotorolaMOSCAD, Motorola Rockwell AutomationRockwell Automation ABCOABCO ABBABB LantronixLantronix
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SCADA HARDWARESCADA HARDWARESCADA Hardware manufacturersSCADA Hardware manufacturers
Rockwell Allen BradleyRockwell Allen Bradley General Electric (GE)General Electric (GE) EmersonEmerson Schneider ElectricSchneider Electric
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SCADA SOFTWARESCADA SOFTWARESCADA Software manufacturersSCADA Software manufacturers
Intellution (Fix 32)Intellution (Fix 32) Iconics (Genesis32 v7.0)Iconics (Genesis32 v7.0) Wonderware (InTouch)Wonderware (InTouch) Citect (CitectSCADA 5.42)Citect (CitectSCADA 5.42) National Instruments (Lookout SCADA)National Instruments (Lookout SCADA)
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PURPOSE OF THIS PURPOSE OF THIS RESEARCHRESEARCH
Develop a teaching module for a general SCADA systemDevelop a teaching module for a general SCADA system Develop a general model of a SCADA systemDevelop a general model of a SCADA system Use LabView and wireless communication computersUse LabView and wireless communication computers to illustrate an example of the SCADA system to illustrate an example of the SCADA system Study the vulnerabilities of the SCADA systemStudy the vulnerabilities of the SCADA system Create a freshman introduction moduleCreate a freshman introduction module Create an upper level course for SCADACreate an upper level course for SCADA
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WHAT IS NEXT?WHAT IS NEXT? Use the Laptop1 to generate the wells, tanks, servers, RTUsUse the Laptop1 to generate the wells, tanks, servers, RTUs PLCs and the front end processor through SubVIs PLCs and the front end processor through SubVIs
Use the Laptop2 to be the HMI Computer that connects toUse the Laptop2 to be the HMI Computer that connects to Laptop1 and reads the data and also affect the devices Laptop1 and reads the data and also affect the devices
And Laptop3 to simulate an attack at the SCADA systemAnd Laptop3 to simulate an attack at the SCADA system
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CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION There are thousands of SCADA systems installed and theyThere are thousands of SCADA systems installed and theycan be completely different from each other, in terms ofcan be completely different from each other, in terms oftheir structures but they all have common elements andtheir structures but they all have common elements anda common purpose – to supervise control and collect data.a common purpose – to supervise control and collect data.
There are three types of SCADA systems that describeThere are three types of SCADA systems that describeall of the SCADA systems.all of the SCADA systems.
Communication is the most significant part of SCADACommunication is the most significant part of SCADA
Power and communication systems are most likely to Power and communication systems are most likely to get attacked by terrorists.get attacked by terrorists.
