scale: preliminary analysis - energy.gov...h 2 concept overview & @ scale: preliminary analysis...

Concept Overview&H2 PreliminaryAnalysis@Scale:

Energysystem-widebenefitsofincreased May23, 2017 H2 implementaOon

November2016WorkshopReportavailableat hQp://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy17osO/68244.pdfH2@Scalewebinaravailableat hQp://energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/downloads/h2-scale-potenOal-opportunity-webinar

THEAmes Lab

H2@ScaleWorkshop-May23, 2017 1

  

 

 

ElectricityUse:AEO2016

Over 6million Americans workinthe energysector

U.S. uses 3700 TWh electricityand7.2 billionbarrelsoil

annually

U.S. oil Importsin 2016>$100

billion

Air polluOon causes200,000 premature

deathsannually intheU.S.

EnergySystem Challenges

• EvolvingmulG-sector requirements o TransportaOon

o Industrial o Electricity

Howdowe supplyall these servicesinthe

most beneficial manner?

OilUse: hQps://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=33&t=6 Oilimportcosts: hQps://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/staOsOcs/historical/petr.txt EnergySectorJobs: hQps://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2017/01/f34/2017%20US%20Energy%20and%20Jobs%20Report_0.pdf AirpolluOondeaths:Fabio Caiazzo, Akshay Ashok, IanA. Waitz, SteveH.L. Yim, StevenR.H.BarreQ, AirpolluOonandearlydeathsintheUnitedStates.PartI: QuanOfyingtheimpactofmajorsectorsin2005, AtmosphericEnvironment, Volume79, November2013, Pages198-208


WhereistheGrid Headed?HowWill It Get There?

75

%VariableRe

newab

leEne

rgy

(of a

nnua

l ene

rgy)

10.10.010.001 100010010

25

50

100

Credit: B.Kroposki, NREL

80

5

23

Alaska Village

Ireland Cont.USA

42

Denmark*

ActualOperaGngSystem

35

Maui

14

CA*

WWSIS

CA50%

Lanai ModeledSystem

ERGIS

REF

54

DOE 2050 Goals 35%Wind (404GW) 19%PV (632GW)

Deep DecarbonizaGon 1400GWwind 900GWSolar

78

20 Germany* Methods

Much

Note:%VREin2015

Extremely Difficult

harder

idenOfied

WWSIS=WesternWindandSolarIntegraOonstudy ERGIS=EasternRenewableGeneraOonIntegraOonStudy*PartofalargersynchronousACpowersystem System Size (GW) REF=RenewableElectricityFuturesStudy

3

"Ifyou can't solvea problem, enlargeit"

President Dwight D.Eisenhower Source: hQps://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/whitehouse.gov/files/images/first-family/34_dwight_d_eisenhower%5B1%5D.jpg


REGridplusbaIerystorageConceptual H2 atScaleEnergySystem*

*IllustraOveexample, notcomprehensive H2@ScaleWorkshop-May23, 2017 5

  

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

H2@Scale Vision • AIributes

o Large-scale, clean, energy-carryingintermediateforuseacrossenergysectors o IncreasedpenetraOonofvariablerenewablepowerandnucleargeneraOon o ImprovedeconomicsofthermalpowergeneraOon(nuclear, CSP, geothermal)

throughhybridizaOon o IncreasedH2frommethane(carboncapture/usepotenOal)

• Benefits o Increasedenergysectorjobs(GDPimpact) o ManufacturingcompeOOveness(lowenergycosts) o Enhancedenergysecurity(reducedimports, systemflexibility/resiliency) o EnhancednaOonalsecurity(domesOcproducOon(metals), localresources) o Improvedair(water)qualityviareducedemissions(criteriapollutants, GHGs) o Decreasedenergysystemwaterrequirements.

GeJng all thesebenefitsin asingleenergy system significantlyenhancesvalue proposiGon.


6%CAGR,2009-2016

MarketpotenGal (million metric tonne H2 /year)

H2 Demand Technical PotenGal Use

IndustrialUse

Refineries&CPI§ 8*

Metals 5

Ammonia 5

NaturalGas 7

Biofuels 4

LightDutyVehicles 28

OtherTransport 3

Total 60

CurrentU.S.market:≈10MMT/yr

Global H2 produc5onrevenue: 1

Totalmarketpoten5al:

Preliminary Results

60MMT/yr § CPI:ChemicalProcessingIndustrynotincludingmetals, biofuels, orammonia *CurrentpotenOalusedduetolackofconsistentfutureprojecOons LightdutyvehiclecalculaOonbasis:190,000,000light-dutyFCEVsfrom hQp://www.nap.edu/catalog/18264/transiOons-to-alternaOve-vehicles-and-fuels 1.GlobalhydrogenGeneraOonMarketbyMerchant&CapOveType, Distributed&CentralizedGeneraOon, ApplicaOon&Technology-Trends&Forecasts (2011-2016)


TechnicalPotenGalSupplyfromRenewables EIA2015current consumpGon (quads/yr)

Requiredtomeetdemandof 60MMT/yr (quads/yr)

Technical PotenGal (quads/yr)

SolidBiomass 4.7 15 20

WindElectrolysis 0.7 9 170

SolarElectrolysis 0.1 9 1,364

Preliminary Results

TotaldemandincludinghydrogenissaGsfiedby≈6%ofwind, <1%ofsolar,and≈100%ofbiomasstechnicalpotenGal


PotenGalSupplyfromFossil&NuclearResources

Hydrogencanbe producedfrom diverse domesGc

Preliminary Results

resources to meet aggressivegrowth in demand H2@ScaleWorkshop-May23, 2017 9

H2@ScaleWorkshop-May23,2017 10

ImprovingtheEconomicsofElecroly=cH2

0.0CapacityFactor

CostofElectricityCapitalCost

Efficiency(LHV)

Intermi^entintegra=on

R&DAdvances

1kgH2≈1gallonofgasolineequivalent(gge)

H2@ScaleWorkshop-May23,2017 11

H2StorageandDistribu=on

Developmentofsafe,reliable,andeconomicstorageanddistribu=onsystems.

LowandHighTemperatureH2Genera=on

H2U=liza=on

Developmentoflowcost,durable,and

intermi^entH2generaEon.

Developmentofthermally

integrated,lowcost,durable,andvariableH2generaEon.

H2asgame-changingenergy

carrier,revoluEonizingenergysectors.

FutureElectricalGrid

Analysis

Founda=onalScience

WhatisneededtoachieveH2atScale?

-

H2@ScaleBigIdea NaGonal Laboratory Team

SteeringCommiIee: BryanPivovar(lead, NREL), AmgadElgowainy(ANL), RichardBoardman(INL), ShannonBragg-SiQon (INL); AdamWeber(LBNL), RodBorup(LANL), MarkRuth

(NREL), JamieHolladay(PNNL), ChrisMoen(SNL), Don Anton(SRNL)

H2@Scalehasmovedbeyond thisNaOonalLabteamto includeDOEoffices, and industrial/otherstakeholders.


LowT GeneraGon: RodBorup(lead, LANL);Jamie

Holladay(PNNL); ChristopherSan

Marchi(SNL);Hector ColonMercado (SRNL);Kevin

Harrison(NREL);Ted Krause(ANL);Adam Weber(LBNL);David

Wood(ORNL)

HighT GeneraGon: JamieHolladay (lead, PNNL);Jim O'Brien(INL);Tony McDaniel(SNL);Ting He(INL);MikePenev (NREL);BillSummers (SRNL);Maximilian Gorensek (SRNL); JefferyStevenson (PNNL);Mo Khaleel

(ORNL)

UGlizaGon: RichardBoardman (lead, INL);Don Anton(SRNL);

AmgadElgowainy (ANL);BobHwang

(SNL);MarkBearden (PNNL);MarkRuth

(NREL);Colin McMillan(NREL); TingHe(INL); Michael Glazoff (INL);ArtPontau

(SNL); Kriston Brooks (PNNL);Jamie

Holladay(PNNL); ChristopherSan

Marchi(SNL);Mary Biddy(NREL);Geo Richards(NETL)

Storage and DistribuGon: DonAnton(lead, SRNL);ChrisSan

Marchi(SNL); Kriston Brooks(PNNL);Troy

Semelsberger (LANL);

SalvadorAceves (LLNL);Thomas

GenneQ(NREL);Jeff Long(LBNL);Mark Allendorf (SNL);

MarkBowdenPNNL; Tom Autrey PNNL

Future Electric Grid:

CharlesHanley (lead, SNL);Art

Anderson(NREL); BryanHannegan (NREL);ChrisSan Marchi(SNL);Ross GuQromson (SNL); Michael Kintner

Meyer(PNNL);Jamie Holladay(PNNL);

Rob Hovsapian (INL)

FoundaGonal Science:

AdamWeber(lead, LBNL); Voja

Stamekovic (ANL); NenadMarkovic

(ANL);FrancesHoule (LBNL);Morris Bullock(PNNL);

AaronAppel(PNNL); WendyShaw (PNNL); Tom

Jaramillo(SLAC); Jens Norskov (SLAC);

Mark Hartney (SLAC), Vitalij

Pecharsky (Ames); AlexHarris(BNL)

Analysis: MarkRuth(lead, NREL);Amgad

Elgowainy(co-lead, ANL);JoshEichman (NREL);Joe Cordaro (SRNL);Salvador

Aceves(LLNL);Max Wei(LBNL);Karen Studarus(PNNL); ToddWest(SNL); Steve Wach (SRNL); RichardBoardman

(INL);David Tamburello(SRNL); SuzanneSinger

(LLNL)

                 

   

H2@ScaleInvolvesManyStakeholders Blue:Highengagementandsupport Green: Engagedwithinterest/support Orange: Limitedengagement

• Fossil Black: LiQleengagement

• Nuclear • Wind • Solar

• Grid/UGliGes • Electrolysis • Industrial Gas • AutoOEMs/supplychain • FuelsProducGon(Oil,Biomass) • Metals/Steel • Ammonia

StakeholdergroupspresenGngat• Regulators • Analysis thisworkshopareidenGfiedwith • Investors ovals.


12/29/16

MoGvaGonforFutureImpact 27September2016|GENEVA- AnewWHOair MorethanhalfUSpopulaGon qualitymodelconfirmsthat92%oftheworld’s lives amid dangerous air populaOonlivesinplaceswhereairquality polluGon levelsexceedWHOlimits. hQps://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/apr/20/

dangerous-air-polluOon-us-populaOon-report

12/29/161/15/99

Credit:Warren Gretz –NRELPix07070.jpg Credit:Bryan Pivovar

EnergyandenvironmentalchallengesgrowasthepopulaGon grows and economies advance H2@Scale wouldhelpmeetchallenges


scale: preliminary analysis - energy.gov...h 2 concept overview & @ scale: preliminary analysis...

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