SCENE SAFETYSCENE SAFETY & &

SECURITYSECURITY

Lesson Objectives

• Identify types of incident hazards

• Identify requirements for scene safety

• Establish hot, warm and cold zones

• Identify types of suspicious activity

Timeline in an Incident

• For first response to be successful in an incident, time is critical– Recognizing imminent threat may prevent

incident– Rescue of victims must occur in the first

hours – Do not expect outside support

Key PointKey PointTerrorists have means, motive, opportunity

and will pick the time and location.Terrorist weapons have far-reaching effects

Recognizing symptoms may be the first clue. The success of the 1st responders efforts will

depend on how well they are trained.

Types of Hazards

Hazards from initial event• Chemical

• Biological • Radiological

• Physical

Deliberate hazards

Hazards from secondary

device

Hazards Resulting from the Initial Event

• Routes of exposure– Inhalation– Skin contact– Ingestion– Injection

Hazards Resulting from theInitial Event

• Blood borne pathogen safety

• Chemical safety

• Radiological safety

• Light source safety

• Confined space safety

• Personal protective equipment

Secondary Device

• Increasingly common

• Survive the ‘secondary’

Women’s Health Clinic–1997

• 9:30 a.m. Bomb explodes

• 10:30 a.m. Second bomb explodes

Otherside Lounge–1997

• Police are called to a ‘shooting,’ but it is a bomb

• Second bomb is hidden nearby

Finding the Secondary DeviceFinding the Secondary Device

• Survey the area

• Be suspicious of ANYTHING out of place

• Watch for suspicious persons

Finding the Secondary Device

• If you find an improvised explosive device, LEAVE!

• Evacuate the area immediately

• Call the experts

Scene SafetyScene SafetyAfter surveying the scene:

• Set up zones

HOT

WARM

COLD Control the scene

The The HotHot Zone Zone• Center = center of the incident/explosion

• First perimeter = location of the farthest piece of evidence

• ‘y’ = distance between the center and perimeter

shrapnel

y

y=100 meters

The The WarmWarm Zone Zone• Half the distance

• Likely place for a second device

• Distance between Hot and Warm zone is ‘x’

X=50 meters

x

The The ColdCold Zone Zone

• Where the incident command post is set up

• Choose the point which provides the most safety

CP

SCENE SCENE SAFETYSAFETY

Scene SafetyScene Safety

• Scene Safety Plan establishes policies and procedures to protect workers and the public from the potential hazards posed by work at a dangerous work site.

• Scene Safety Plan should be developed before site activities proceed and should be modified as needed.

Scene SafetyScene Safety

At a minimum, the plan should consists of :• Name key personnel and alternates responsible

for scene safety• Describe the risks associated with each

operation conducted• Confirm that personnel are adequately trained

to perform their job.• Describe the PPE to be worn by the responders• Describe any site-specific medical surveillance

requirements

Scene SafetyScene SafetyAt a minimum, the plan should consists of :• Describe the program for detection of hazards,

if needed• Describe the actions to be taken to mitigate

existing hazards• Define site control measures and include a site

map• Establish decontamination procedures for

personnel and equipment, wherever necessary• Follow SOP’s• Follow a contingency plan for safe & effective

response to emergencies.

Scene SafetyScene Safety

• Ensure that there is an evacuation plan and an escape route

• Minimize the number of people on the scene

• Set up the triage area outside the event area

Scene SafetyScene Safety

• No radios or cell phones

• Unexploded devices may still be armed

• Know the nature of your surroundings

Suspicious ActivitySuspicious Activity

• Multiple false alarms may mean you are being watched– Route– Methods– Resources

Key Points

• There will be need for extra personnel and equipment.

• Use of highest level of protection against agents release will be necessary.

• Early identification of the weapon is crucial but do not enter hazard zone.

• Signs and symptoms must be reported immediately.

• Some Agents will be extremely toxic.

The 4 Don’tsThe 4 Don’ts

Key RulesKey Rules

•Responders can become complacent•Bystanders may do things to complicate matters

Don’t Don’t become become a victima victim

Don’t Don’t rush inrush in

Don’t Taste, Don’t Taste, Eat, Smell, Eat, Smell,

TouchTouch

Don’t Don’t assume assume anythinganything

The 4 Don’ts

Did you Know?

• An improvised mask made by soaking a clean cloth in a solution of one table spoon of baking soda in a cup of water can provide some protection against chemical & biological agents.

• Covering all parts of body will protect against contact hazards.

You must Know !

• Food /Water contamination or absorption thorough skin are possible attack routes.

• Decontaminating against chemical vapours can be done by scrubbing with large amounts warm soapy water or a mixture of 10 parts water to 1 part bleach.

• If water not available, talcum powder or Atta are excellent means of decontamination from liquid agents.

You Must • Remain alert to unusual happening in your

locality, like droplets of oily films, dead or dying animals, unexplained odours etc.

• Question people dressed unusually or wearing breathing protection particularly in areas were large number of people assemble.

• Seek medical attention for victims reporting symptoms of nausea, breathing difficulty, convulsions, disorientation, or patterns of illness inconsistent with natural disease.

Remember,Civil Defence means

• Preserving yourself always comes first.

• Your alertness can help in containing the consequences of an attack.

• The authorities will depend on you for timely warnings.

• Your contribution in augmenting the existing emergency services will be necessary.

PLAN! TRAIN! PRACTICE!PLAN! TRAIN! PRACTICE!

• Preplanning is essential

• Train the way you plan to respond

• Practice varying your response

SummarySummary• Types of incident hazards

• Scene safety

• Hot, warm and cold zones

• Types of suspicious activity

Any Questions

?