schedule b5 – non- price evaluation criteria
TRANSCRIPT
Schedule B5 – Non- Price Evaluation Criteria
Technical Skills (personnel)
- Qualifications and competence of proposed key personnel.
Ali Hamidi:
Zoe Hamidi:
- Level of technical support. Experience and responsibility level of other expert supportthe Project Team may draw on.
As the business manager, Zoe Hamidi draws on an extensive career in communications(Bachelor’s degree in communications), data analysis/reporting and vender/contract management, end-to-end business management including finance/accounting.
As the technical lead, Ali Hamidi draws on a 10 year career in the ITS industry as well as an extensive IT project management and data analysis/reporting career working for major Australian telecommunications companies. Detailed knowledge of world-wide best practises in the ITS industry drawn on from international ITS consulting for road government agencies throughout the world has enabled AZH to be an industry leader in ITS consultation and especially providing governments advice regarding best methods to go from potential ITS solutions to actual implementation while meeting all legislative requirements.
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Methodology
- Understanding of project and client needs and proposed procedures to achieve project outcomes.
AZH has developed into an ITS industry leader based on a core foundational practise of understanding before action. Our company motto of “driving innovation through education” succinctly summarises that we strive to educate ourselves and our customers regarding any consultancy projects before proceeding. We believe that at least 60% of the time spent on a project should consist of planning; the other 40% is the implementation/reporting etc. This ensures all known and initially unknown customer requirements are conveyed and documented before commencing a project. Additionally, we understand the majority of our customers do not possess a detailed understanding of the ITS industry; they generally only have a high level idea of what they technology could achieve. For this reason, we also understand that the planning/consultation phase should be a two-way process, in that we endeavour to adapt our customer’s requirements through reverse engineering their business requirements which are not always defined or documented. All these requirements are gathered via face-to-face meetings, teleconferences, road-side meetings, ITS manufacturer meetings etc. Essentially, we manage any ITS field-trials/consultation/scoping-study end-to-end by determining the following:
1. Legislative guidelines and requirements of the ITS technology in question;a. Ie/ what transport/road law can the ITS technology be used for detection
and/or data collection and/or infringement.2. ITS technology Gazettal Requirements for the relevant regulatory program(s);
a. Ie/ does the ITS technology require gazettal for the relevant ITS technology.
3. ITS Field Trial requirements;a. Ie/ what does the ITS technology require(communications, trigger
systems, custom in-road housings etc) to enable accurate data to be collected for the field-trial.
4. Scoping Study report detaila. Ie/ what amount of detail does the customer require in the scoping study
report to achieve the outcome. This is further discussed in the next two sections of the tender response.
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- Method of programming and identification of key elements and resources required and available.
We run all ITS consultation projects and field trials/scoping studies in the following methodology:
1) Consultation(as described in the previous question)2) Customer/business requirements documentation3) Upon confirmation from the customer that the ITS business requirements are
accurate, we proceed to the scheduling/ project-management stage. This stage ensures cost and time KPI’s are met and the business outcomes required by the customer are met.
4) Managing ITS trials with the customer and end-users(usually enforcement officers in their respective jurisdiction). It is critical to involve the end-users to ensure their business requirements are met with the ITS technology being trialled/consulted upon.
5) Scheduling ITS trials on the road side or other specified location. This involves planning with state authorities(such as RMS), local councils, human resources(enforcement officers, police officers etc).
6) Running ITS field-trials on the road side or other specified location for a specified length of time to gather the required amount of data to test the proof of concept of the ITS technology being trialled.
7) Once the required amount of data has been gathered during the field-trial, we move to the reporting and analysis phase. This phase is the most complex as we ensure we translate technical data into layman terms for our customers to be able to make an informed decision regarding this ITS technology and potential implementations which meet legislative requirements moving forward. The following is an adaptable high-level layout we use to document our scoping studies:
a. Purpose.b. Background(documents the business problem that the ITS technology aims to
resolve).c. ITS technology and Theory.d. Method of testing.e. Results.f. Conclusion.g. Proposal/Recommendations for implementation of this ITS technology while
meeting legislative guidelines/requirements.h. Appendix containing all related data etc.
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8) Submission of draft document to customer for review. Several meetings are now held to explain the contents of the scoping study to the customer. Particular attention is paid to translating the technical information into understandable and implementable solutions for the customer. Generally, the customer uses this opportunity to educate themselves, and their organisation on the potential business and road-safety benefits of implementing the ITS technology.
9) Reviews and final submission of scoping study documents, data-sets etc.10) Final Meetings held with end-users and customer to update on the conclusion of the
ITS trial and provide any further assistance.
- Innovation/creative quality of proposal.
Following on from the above response for “methodology”, we spend a large portion of the planning phase understanding what format the customer would like the proposal and reports in. All customers are different and we appreciate the fact that if the customer cannot understand what we have provided, then we have not performed our role adequately. For this reason, we innovate and adapt our proposals, ITS field-trials and scoping study reports according to the customer’s understanding of the ITS technology in question and also the outcome they seek, as well as taking into account the most efficient way that the ITS technology can be trialled. For example, one field trial we performed for RMS (Houston Radar over-length vehicle detection system) required to be mounted at Galston Gorge which was a high risk road for pedestrians/humans to attend. AZH proposed a safe and lower cost option for RMS to achieve the same outcomes without any human needing to physically attend site for the field-trial. We added mobile communications and CCTV functionality in the Houston Radar technology to enable us to run the field-trial remotely and also providing a safer option and lower cost to RMS. A customer with little understanding generally requires more innovative ideas and implementation options. A customer with a detailed understanding of the applications of the ITS technology generally needs very little creative/innovative options and generally require more documentation surrounding legislative requirements and especially risks of using the ITS technology etc which AZH has developed into an industry leader.
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Past Performance/Demonstrated Experience with heavy vehicle ITS regulatory technology trials (Time, Cost, Quality)
- Record of performance on similar projects including standard of outputs: Provide a list of all heavy vehicle ITS regulatory technology trials performed during the past two years AND attach at least two detailed reports produced for these trials
Below is a list of HV ITS field trials and scoping study reports AZH has performed in the past 2 years:
HV ITS Trial Regulatory Function Completion on time including meeting milestones and deadlines.
Completion within agreed
budget.
Achievement of quality aspects.
FLIR Thermal Trial at Picton Rd Defective brake detection. Yes Yes Yes-accepted by client
SICK high-speed dimension scanner at Marulan HVSS
Over-dimension vehicles Yes Yes Yes-accepted by client
TIRTL/Optris Thermal sensor at Mt Ousley Rd
Defective brake detection. Yes Yes Yes-accepted by client
TIRTL/LTI dimension scanner at Marulan HVSS
Over-dimension vehicles Yes Yes Yes-accepted by client
Houston radar trial at Galston Gorge
Over Length heavy vehicles
Yes Yes Yes-accepted by client
PAT Dynamic portable scale trial at Sydney on-road site
Low-cost and low-time over-mass vehicle detection.
Yes Yes Yes-accepted by client
HAENNI Dynamic portable scale trial at Lismore on-road site
Low-cost and low-time over-mass vehicle detection.
Yes Yes Yes-accepted by client
As requested, attached are two examples of a scoping study produced following end-to-end field-trial management of ITS technology. We have provided one scoping study which the customer required extensive and a high level detail and high level of innovative/creative reporting due to their minimal understanding of the technology, implementation and suitable applications; this is the “AZH Scoping Study 1 - FLIR Thermal Camera Scoping Study” document attached. Also attached is an example of a much less detailed scoping study as the customer had an extensive understanding of the ITS technology, implementation and application; this is the “AZH Scoping Study - SICK FPS”. This shows our adaptability to the customer to deliver the outcomes sought.
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AZH Scoping Study 1 - FLIR Thermal Camer
AZH Scoping Study - SICK FPS.pdf
- Completion on time including meeting milestones and deadlines.
Commented in the table. Met all milestones and deadlines for all projects.
- Completion within agreed budget.
Commented in the table. Met all budgets for all projects.
- Achievement of quality aspects.
Commented in the table. Met all quality aspects for all ITS field trials and scoping study reports. All scoping study reports have been accepted by the client.
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SICK Free Flow Vehicle Profiling System
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SICK Free Flow Vehicle Profiling System
Scoping Study
for Roads & Maritime Services heavy vehicle over-dimension screening.
1st May 2017.
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Contents
1.0 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………….. Page 3
2.0 Overview of work ………………………………………………………………………………… Page 3
3.0 Recorded Data (Overview) …………………………………………………………………. Page 4
4.0 Comparison………………………………………………………………………………………… Page 9
4.1 General Observations ………………………………………………………… Page 10
4.2 Length results summary………………………………………………………… Page 11
4.3 Width results summary…………………………………………………………. Page 12
4.4 Height results summary…………………………………………….………….. Page 13 5.0 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………………………. Page 14
Appendix A Results Chart Description ……………………………………………………… Page 15
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1.0 Introduction
A SICK Free Flow Vehicle Profiling System (FPS) has been installed at the RMS Heavy Vehicle Checking Station – 12 Mile Creek(Pacific highway South-Bound) in the screening lane.
The intent of this Proof of Concept (POC) trial was for Road Maritime Services (RMS) to install a FPS for pre-screening of all heavy vehicles with Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM) greater than eight tonne and compare the dimensional values to manual measurements using conventional techniques. The purpose of the installation is to prove the FPS’s accuracy and ensure the suitability of the system for heavy vehicle dimensional measurement at high speeds.
This will enable RMS to automatically screen heavy vehicles which are over dimension (height, width, length). The result being that RMS can intercept heavy vehicles which are over-dimension, and conversely, not intercept vehicles which are compliant so as not to interrupt freight transport.
2.0 Overview of workThree scanners and one computer were installed and commissioned on a gantry above the screening lane at 12 Mile Creek inspection station
Figure 2.0.1
A total of 53 Vehicles were compared.
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3.0 Recorder Data (overview)
Vehicle FPS DataRMS Manual
MeasureCompari
sonComment
Number Length Width* Height km/h Length Width Height Length Width Height
001 16.63 3.02 3.62 65 16.68 0 3.794 0.05 -3.02 0.174HEIGHT - Difficult to measure manually
WIDTH - Noise Point
002 8.54 2.32 2.39 69.7 8.45 2.33 2.37 -0.09 0.01 -0.02HEIGHT - Missed Stack (measured tailor
003 19.41 2.72 3.96 36.2 19.48 0 4.01 0.07 -2.72 0.05 WIDTH - Hard to manual measure004 18.86 2.63 3.99 59.8 19.03 2.55 4.014 0.17 -0.08 0.024 WIDTH - Hard to manual measure
005 18.91 2.62 3.54 40.1 18.9 2.68 3.57 -0.01 0.06 0.03
006 18.08 2.71 4.5 54.7 17.84 2.7 4.59 -0.24 -0.01 0.09
HEIGHT - Manual measure hard to get as
cannot touch loaded cars
007 17.39 2.64 4.21 56.6 17.1 2.6 4.28 -0.29 -0.04 0.07
HEIGHT - only 1 data point on stack (may
have missed highest point)HEIGHT - only 1 data point on stack (may
008 17.32 2.68 3.86 52.5 17.45 2.59 3.98 0.13 -0.09 0.12have missed highest point)
WIDTH - Can’t measure the outer pointswith tape
009 7.7 2.72 3.38 57.2 7.76 2.58 3.372 0.06 -0.14 -0.008WIDTH - Truck Curtain bulging when
driving010 10.48 2.63 3.32 46 10.5 2.5 3.32 0.02 -0.13 0
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011 14.67 2.61 3.48 56.1 14.9 2.54 3.5 0.23 -0.07 0.02
012 21.73 2.66 4.24 40.7 21.44 2.66 4.26 -0.29 0 0.02LENGTH - Vehicle may be longer when
driving?
013 19.44 2.62 3.67 54.2 19.37 2.6 3.64 -0.07 -0.02 -0.03014 10.61 2.6 4.2 54.1 10.67 2.5 4.22 0.06 -0.1 0.02
015 19.83 2.68 4.3 51.9 19.75 2.63 4.323 -0.08 -0.05 0.023 WIDTH - cannot measure width manual016 18.97 2.67 3.88 59.4 18.9 2.62 3.906 -0.07 -0.05 0.026
017 17.73 2.64 4.29 53.1 17.66 2.51 4.28 -0.07 -0.13 -0.01 WIDTH - Could not measure manually
018 20.19 2.61 3.26 52.2 20.75 2.52 3.265 0.56 -0.09 0.005Length - Unknown issue with length
(possibly missed end of vehicle)
019 11.23 2.61 3.85 51.8 11.27 2.55 3.91 0.04 -0.06 0.06
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Vehicle FPS DataRMS Manual
MeasureCompari
sonComment
Number LengthWidth
* Height km/h Length Width Height Length Width Height
020 18.74 3.01 4.43 45 18.93 2.6 4.29 0.19 -0.41 -0.14HEIGHT - Cannot manually measure
WIDTH - Noise
021 18.99 2.63 3.66 51.8 18.27 2.51 3.838 -0.72 -0.12 0.178HEIGHT - FPS Missed stack
Length - Noise at front of vehicle022 23.76 2.63 4.37 54.8 23.535 2.59 4.356 -0.225 -0.04 -0.014
023 22.11 2.74 3.94 75.3 22.36 2.72 3.987 0.25 -0.02 0.047024 8.94 2.61 3.39 27.7 8.805 2.59 3.405 -0.135 -0.02 0.015
025 19.37 2.63 4.02 52.9 19.25 2.6 4.048 -0.12 -0.03 0.028
026 25.73 2.66 4.34 62.3 25.66 2.505 4.309 -0.07 -0.155 -0.031WIDTH: Manual measure at back of trailer
027 25.82 2.64 4.15 53.2 2.56 4.135 -25.82 -0.08 -0.015
LENGTH: could not measure as truck not
parked straight in bay028 8.84 2.59 2.87 53.5 8.86 2.49 3.162 0.02 -0.1 0.292 HEIGHT: Missed Stack
029 25.55 2.67 4.39 47.9 25.5 2.52 4.385 -0.05 -0.15 -0.005 WIDTH: VPS picked up budge in curtain030 17.42 2.61 4.22 51.3 17.53 2.57 4.222 0.11 -0.04 0.002
031 20.17 2.66 4.17 53.5 19.85 2.55 4.141 -0.32 -0.11 -0.029 LENGTH - Difficult to measure manually032 14.52 2.61 3.47 61.6 14.8 2.53 3.49 0.28 -0.08 0.02
033 24.88 2.65 4.24 60.5 25.04 2.46 4.28 0.16 -0.19 0.04
034 17.33 2.57 3.01 56.9 17.14 2.48 2.926 -0.19 -0.09 -0.084HEIGHT - Missed thin protrusion (about
40mm thickness)
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035 18.35 2.66 3.93 54.9 18.34 2.57 3.923 -0.01 -0.09 -0.007WIDTH - Budging curtain, could not
measure
036 14.8 2.59 3.92 56.8 14.94 2.54 3.93 0.14 -0.05 0.01Comment: Very shiny Vehicle (milktruck)
HEIGHT: Used Stack however tarp was037 14.32 2.69 3.59 53.3 14.17 2.64 3.65 -0.15 -0.05 0.06 higher point (couple not measure
manually)038 16.22 2.62 3.84 49.6 16.04 2.54 3.845 -0.18 -0.08 0.005
039 26.26 2.64 4.5 61.4 25.98 2.59 4.6 -0.28 -0.05 0.1
HEIGHT: FPS Missed the Peak of the height
measurement040 25.56 3.05 4.26 49.6 25.71 4.237 0.15 -3.05 -0.023 WIDTH: Noise on measurement
041 19.67 2.64 4.05 42.3 19.6 2.6 4.052 -0.07 -0.04 0.002
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Vehicle FPS DataRMS Manual
MeasureCompari
sonComment
Number Length Width* Height km/h Length Width Height Length Width Height042 16.91 2.61 4.04 58.4 16.98 2.505 4.097 0.07 -0.105 0.057 HEIGHT: Did not capture full Stack
043 26.14 2.66 4.47 56.8 25.9 2.55 4.645 -0.24 -0.11 0.175HEIGHT: Point cloud missing Top Points
Changed Config - BoxLengthMaxY = 6000 (was 4500)
044 6.11 2.06 2.2 37.3 6.2 1.98 2.269 0.09 -0.08 0.069045 19.09 2.62 3.28 55.5 19.2 2.52 3.293 0.11 -0.1 0.013
046 15.81 2.6 4.08 59.5 17.86 2.53 4.074 2.05 -0.07 -0.006LENGTH: Possible issue with speed
measurement on FPSHEIGHT: FPS Missed Stack
047 25.52 2.61 3.87 51.2 24.12 2.55 4.31 -1.4 -0.06 0.44 LENGTH: Possible issue with speedmeasurement on FPS
048 21.49 3.19 4.22 54.6 20.8 3.15 4.225 -0.69 -0.04 0.005
LENGTH: May have influence from Flags
(Driver Confirmed 20.8 is correct)049 10.34 2.57 3.66 53.6 10.4 2.51 3.71 0.06 -0.06 0.05
050 7.31 2.43 2.59 52.3 7.11 2.35 2.64 -0.2 -0.08 0.05051 8.24 2.61 3.14 53.1 8.3 2.54 3.134 0.06 -0.07 -0.006052 17.15 2.73 3.69 44.1 17.2 2.6 3.729 0.05 -0.13 0.039 Width Could not manual measure053 10.23 2.57 2.68 46.8 9.9 2.46 2.68 -0.33 -0.11 0
Table 3.0.1
* FPS Width measurement ignores the first 2.6m of the vehicle to attempt to exclude vehicle mirrors
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4.0 Comparison
Some data has been excluded from the analysis. Data has been excluded if there was an issue with the manual measurement (such as RMS inspectors did not measure outer most point) or if there was an issue with the FPS measurement (such as “noise” being created on highly shiny surfaces)
Length Average Variance3, 6 = -0.1% (0.013m) with an average speed of 53.2 km/h over 45 vehicles
Width Average Variance4, 6 = -2.57% (0.064m) with an average speed of 53.3 km/h over 40 vehicles
Height Average Variance5, 6 = +0.38% (0.012m) with an average speed of 51.9 km/h over 39 vehicles
Expected FPS Performance:
DescriptionTypical measurement accuracy Comment(95% of vehicles)
Length 1 ±1.000 mm (σ=500mm) Speed < 80 km/hWidth 2 ±100 mm (σ=50mm) Speed < 80 km/hHeight 2 ±30 mm (σ=15mm) Speed < 80 km/hTable 4.0.1
1 Project separated vehicles with a minimum gap of 2.0m.2 For width and height measurement, the object cross section must be > 100mm and a remission of >2% (= antennas might not be detected). For width / height measurement the scanner frequency is 75 Hz.3 Length Variance formula = (Manual Length – FPS Length) / Manual Length 4 Width Variance formula = (Manual Width – FPS Width) / Manual Width5 Height Variance formula = (Manual Height – FPS Height) / Manual Height6 Figures do not include “data has been excluded from the analysis” noted in section 4.0
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4.1 General Observations
Some measurements were very hard to compare due to accessibility of measurement point for manual measurement.
The more manual measurements carried out the more accurate they became in in comparison to the FPS System.
Manual measurements made often varied in accuracy based on the person carrying out the measurement.
Comparison of width measurements were particularly problematic due too difficulty accessing the widest pointso manually measuring between widest pointso spurious objects being measured by the FPS such as flags straps and
small branches (on log trucks)
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4.2 Length
FPS measurement allowable error = ±1.00mManual measurement uncertainty = ±0.11m
Chart 4.2.1Please note: Excluded Vehicles # are 012, 018, 021, 027, 031, 046, 047 and 048.
Image 4.2.1 (Vehicle 020) Image 4.2.2 (Vehicle 060)
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4.3 Width
FPS measurement allowable error = ±0.10mManual measurement uncertainty = ±0.03m
Chart 4.3.1Please note: Excluded Vehicles # are 001, 003, 004, 008, 009, 015, 017, 020, 026, 029, 035, 040 and 052.
Image 4.3.1 (Vehicle 021) Image 4.3.2 (Vehicle 025)
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4.4 Height
FPS measurement allowable error = ±0.03mManual measurement uncertainty = ±0.04m
Chart 4.4.1Please note: Excluded Vehicles # are 001, 002, 006, 007, 008, 020, 021, 028, 034, 037, 039, 042, 043 and 047.
Image 4.4.1 (Vehicle 012) Image 4.4.2 (Vehicle 048)
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5.0 Conclusion
Final results indicate that the FPS is operating within accuracy specification for length, width and height. However, the comparison data for width measurement proved to be unreliable due to the factors mentioned above.
In addition, minimum detectable object size needs to be taken into consideration when using this system for screening vehicles at high speeds
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Appendix A – Results Chart Description
Sample Data
Vehicle reference Vehicle Speed (km/h) VPS Measurement Manual Measurement Deviation (m) Deviation (%) = VPS measurement Manual measurementnumber (m) (m) Deviation / Manual allowable error (m) uncertainty (m)
Measurement * 1001924 5.58 2.000 1.921 -0.079 -4.11% ± 0.05 ± 0.081918 5.9904 3.000 2.969 -0.031 -1.04% ± 0.05 ± 0.081931 6.5772 4.000 4.002 +0.002 +0.05% ± 0.05 ± 0.08
Red dotted line indicates allowable error in VPS measurement (as per
SICK specification)
Parameter being measured (Length, Width or Height)
Error bars indicate potential error in manual measurement based on advice from RMS
Blue marker indicates deviation of manual measurement form VPS measurement
Vehicle reference number
Vehicle speed at time of measurement
Zero on the Y axis
represents the VPS measurement point
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FLIR Thermal Camera: Field Trial and Scoping Study
1
FLIR Thermal Camera: Field Trial and Scoping Study
for Roads & Maritime Services heavy vehicle brake and tyre defect detection.
15th March 2017.
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1. PURPOSE 3
2. BACKGROUND 3
3. TECHNOLOGY AND THEORY 4
4. METHOD 4
5. RESULTS 6
6. CONCLUSION 12
7. PROPOSAL FOR FUTURE AUTOMATED INSPECTION SYSTEM 13
8. APPENDIX 1 – IMAGING FAST MOVING OBJECTS 16
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11. Purpose This report details the trial conducted for the Roads & Maritime Services (RMS), which tested the efficacy of thermal imaging technology for assessing potential defects on heavy vehicles. The trial was conducted over during the month of February 2017, at the Picton Road heavy vehicle inspection station near Wilton NSW 2571.
Currently the inspection of vehicles is on a randomised basis. Each vehicle inspection takes around thirty minutes and the number of vehicles inspected is a very small percentage of the total vehicles travelling on the road. Over the two full days of trials, fourteen trucks were inspected by the team.
An automated thermal inspection system will allow trucks with potential defects to be identified for manual inspection. This would allow the inspectors’ time to be used more effectively, by allowing targeted rather than random inspections to take place.
The methods used and the results of the trial are summarised within this report, along with a summary of how the technology can be applied for automated inspection.
2. Background During the 12 months to the end of June 2016, 208 people died from 182 fatal crashes involving heavy trucks or buses. These included:
• 111 deaths from 96 crashes involving articulated trucks• 79 deaths from 68 crashes involving heavy rigid trucks• 25 deaths from 22 crashes involving buses.
Statistics published January 2014 show that one in seven (15%) single heavy vehicle crashes had an equipment failure reported for that truck. Of these faults, brake failure made up 16%, tyre failure made up 22% and wheel/suspension failure made up 6% of documented incidents. Thermal imaging has the potential to detect these types of faults, which equate to 44% of total equipment related failures.
Source http://roadsafety.transport.nsw.gov.au/downloads/heavy-truck-crash-data0114.pdf
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33. Technology and Theory Thermal imaging cameras, such as the FLIR A615, detect and display differences in temperatures by detecting the intensity of thermal radiation. The FLIR A615 thermal imaging camera can accurately measure the temperature of more than 300,000 separate points, simultaneously. The raw sensor data from the camera is sent to an industrial processor, over Ethernet connection, where the processor assesses and analyses the images, in real-time.
Preliminary investigations have determined that conditions such as malfunctioning brakes, overheated bearings and other tire risks, can be detected by thermal anomalies that are identifiable by the thermal imaging camera. For example, defective or non-functioning brakes are typically colder than a vehicle's operational brakes. This difference is clearly visible on a thermal image.
4. Method During the trial, the camera was mounted in the centre of the road as shown below. The camera used was a Flir A655sc with 45° horizontal field of view lens. Thermal footage was captured over two days with a variety of different truck types. Anomalies detected by the system were flagged with the RMS inspection staff for further investigation.
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Tests were also performed to determine the ability of the FLIR line of cameras to capture fast moving vehicles. Cameras were set up as shown below for a view of trucks travelling more than 80km/h.
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55. Results A total of fourteen trucks were analysed with five trucks showing signs of a fault. All five trucks identified by the thermal camera as showing a fault, were verified as genuine defects by the inspectors during manual examination. The thermal imaging system made no false detections.
5.1 Analysis method Alarming was based on differential temperature variances. An area box was placed on either side of the image frame; each box captured one wheel as it passed through the frame. The maximum temperature within the area was calculated and trended over time.
If brakes are functioning correctly the differential in maximum temperature measured for the left and right wheel will be within a small window, for example 5°C. If the differential between the left and right “area maximum” varied by more than 20°C this identified a potential fault condition.
One of the major benefits of the “relative” thermal differential approach, rather than alarming based on absolute thresholds, is that the system does not need to be adjusted for system and environmental variables (i.e. ambient temperature, speed of vehicle etc.). This technique is used successfully for many thermographic inspection systems in process control applications.
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55.2 Table of results The table below summarises the captured thermal video files and the results of analysis. All video files were captured with full radiometric data enabling further detailed analysis in post processing. Note: ‘X’ indicates that an axle was unable to be read. This resulted from factors such as inadequate camera field of view or obscured vision, see appendix discussion of lens selection.
Truck Number File Number Axles Ax1 Diff Ax2 Diff Ax3 Diff Ax4 Diff Ax5 Diff Ax6 Diff 2017-02- 02T091637382.fcf 1 6 11.9 7 4 0 1 1 2017-02- 02T092942689.fcf 2 5 X 4 7 9 1 2017-02- 02T094709546.fcf 3 3 2 2 0 2017-02- 02T100302610.fcf 4 6 1 X X 3 22 0 2017-02- 02T103138685.fcf 5 3 4 4 2 2017-02- 02T103447682.fcf 5 3 3 2 5 2017-02- 02T104200283.fcf 6 1 0 2017-02- 02T105137703.fcf 6 1 1 2017-02- 02T112053873.fcf 7 3 0 3 2 2017-02- 02T113717593.fcf 8 3 X 10 0 2017-02- 02T114221072.fcf 9 6 4 5 6 1 9 X 2017-02- 02T130256151.fcf 10 4 5 5 7 X 2017-02- 03T084059345.fcf 11 6 21 11 18 X X X 2017-02- 03T093507925.fcf 12 2 X 4 2017-02- 03T094314759.fcf 13 3 23 10 3 3 51 25 2017-02- 03T101724303.fcf 14 6 26 8 0 20 7 10
5.3 Image analysis The image sequence of truck four below shows the final three axles (six axle truck). The temperature difference between the brake on each side of axle five can clearly be seen.
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The image below shows the final three axles of truck five. The temperature difference on these axles is less than 10°C
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The image below shows the final two axles of truck nine. The temperature difference between the brakes on these axles is 40°C. The truck was grounded as a result of this discovery.
The image sequence below shows the final two axles of truck thirteen. The large temperature difference on axles five and six can clearly be seen.
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All graphs above show the “area maximum” values from each area box trended over time, as the truck moves over the camera. The peaks in the response show the points where each axle (pair of wheels) move through the analysis boxes. The peaks for left and right align closely for good functioning brake sets. For malfunctioning brake sets the differential between these peaks is significant.
In one case seen during the trial, the peaks for both wheels of an axle correlated closely. However, the peaks were both significantly lower than the peaks for the immediately prior and following axles. This indicated a brake issue for both wheels on the axle. This highlighted the requirement for a secondary analysis mechanism to identify this type of potential defect, see discussion and recommendations below.
55.4 High speed results The images below show a side view of trucks travelling more than 80km/h. Images were taken with three different cameras; A65, A655sc and A6753sc. Both uncooled micro bolometer based cameras performed poorly for the high-speed tests. The rolling shutter type effect on both the A65 and A615 results in significant distortion of images. The cooled detector of the A6753sc enables very clear images to be captured. An explanation of these results and the camera attributes that impact high speed imaging is given in the appendix of this document. Note: quality of high speed images is NOT linked to camera frame rate – see appendix for detailed explanation.
FLIR A65
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FLIR A655sc
FLIR A6753sc
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66. Conclusion Thermal imaging technology can effectively identify truck brake issues when monitoring the underbody of a passing vehicle. All anomalies detected by the trial system were confirmed by RMS inspectors and the system made no “false positive” detections.
Differential temperature between the left and right wheel, within a single frame from the camera, was an effective analysis method. Identifying non-functioning brake sets for an entire axle will also require analysis of temperatures for leading and trailing wheels.
Truck speed has a significant impact on image quality. Selecting a suitable camera for each installation location will be important to ensure accurate results.
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77. Proposal for future Automated Inspection System The automated thermal inspection system will scan all trucks, rather than a small sample set. It will identify and flag any truck with a potential defect, alerting the RMS roadside inspectors of a probable fault so that a manual inspection can be carried out. This will allow targeted rather than random inspections to take place, improving the value of inspection time, increasing defect detection rates and improving overall road safety.
7.1 Camera selection The developed system is compatible with most cameras within the FLIR A-Series range. This will allow different cameras to be used in different locations to maximise the price benefit of each installation. For example:
• <20km/hr vehicle speed = 75007-0101 FLIR A65, 7.5mm FOV 90° × 69°= this camera can be used in areas where vehicle speed is slow and/or installation is within a tightly confined space
• <50km/hr vehicle speed = 55001-0105 FLIR A615, 6.5mm FOV 80° × 64.4° (92.8° diagonal) = this camera will be the standard unit used
• <120km/hr vehicle speed = FLIR A6650 13mm (low distortion) = this camera can be used in areas where vehicles are travelling at very high speeds or very accurate measurements are required
See appendix notes on high speed imaging and lens selection for detail on the reasoning behind the cameras selected.
7.2 Analysis methods Each brake/wheel will be assessed against the brake/wheel on the opposite side (i.e. left vs right) and against the leading and trailing brake/wheel (i.e. axle 5 left side compared to axle 4 and 6 left side). The assessment will be made based on a relative temperature differential comparing the maximum measured temperature for each brake/wheel. The alarm threshold will be determined by a percentage of measured temperature peak, rather than an absolute temperature differential. See appendix note on motion blur and relative temperature differentials.
7.3 System inputs The system will ideally require trigger inputs from supporting infrastructure, such as the CEOS TIRTL system. The inputs required are triggers for:
• Vehicle start• Wheel set 1• Wheel set 2
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• Wheel set 3• Wheel set xxxx etc.• Vehicle finish
77.4 Physical installation The fixed placement inspection system will consist of a camera installed within the road surface. The camera will be located 500m – 1km prior to the inspection station so that, if a defect is detected, the truck can be directed to stop for further manual inspection.
Infrared radiation can transmit through an appropriately specified wire mesh with minimal signal degradation. The proposed design will use a wire mesh, coated with non-slip grip surface on the upper side. This will ensure the surface is safe for motorists to cross. An extensive design review and testing of this aspect of the system will be required before a system rollout.
Cables within the road will connect the camera to a road side control box. The control box will be low powered, enabling solar powered operation if no primary power source is available.
A wireless connection to the inspection station will be enabled to allow RMS inspection staff to be alerted to an approaching, potentially defective vehicle.
The following render represents a potential layout of the fixed placement inspection system.
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77.5 Interface to RMS systems The system will provide flexible and open interfaces to other systems. For example, the following outputs can be made available if required:
• RMS Truckscan system • SMS and email based alarming and diagnostics• Serial communication over RS232/RS485• IP network communication and alarms• SQL data base and image library• Analogue outputs, e.g. 4-20mA temperature levels• Digital relay contact outputs for alarms• Interfaces to suit proprietary systems
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88. Appendix 1 – Imaging Fast Moving Objects
8.1 A65 vs A655sc In high-speed testing, images from the A655sc were better than those from the A65. The table below highlights the specifications of each camera.
PRODUCT NAME FLIR A65 F=13 MM FLIR A655SC 45° IR RESOLUTION 640 × 512 pixels 640 × 480 pixels THERRMAL < 0.05°C @ +30°C / 50 mK < 0.03°C @ +30°C / 30 mK SENSITIVITY/NETD FIELD OF VIEW (FOV) 45° × 37° 45° × 34° (55° diagonal) FOCAL LENGTH 13 mm 13.1 mm SPATIAL RESOLUTION 1.31 mrad 1.23 mrad (IFOV) F--NUMBER 1.25 1.0 IMAGE FREQUENCY 30 Hz 50 Hz (100/200 Hz with windowing) DETECTOR TIME Typical 12 ms Typical 8 ms CONSTANT ACCURACY ±5°C or ±5% of reading ±2°C or ±2% of reading
8.2 Camera properties impacting high speed capture It is a misconception that image frequency (frame rate) is the most significant specification impacting high speed thermal image capture. The detector time constant, F-number and NETD are the specifications that have the greatest impact on image quality in these cases. The thermal time constant is a measure of how quickly the infrared detector itself reacts to fast changes in the incoming radiation. It is completely unrelated to the frame rate. Faster frame rates will often simply allow a greater number of “bad” images to be captured, without improving the image quality in any way.
8.3 Explanation of uncooled micro bolometer sensor cameras The A65 and A655sc are both uncooled micro bolometer detector cameras. Uncooled cameras are lower cost, smaller, lighter and have lower power consumption than cooled cameras. The pixels of an uncooled camera are made from a material whose electrical resistance changes significantly with temperature. The most common materials for this application are Vanadium Oxide or Amorphous Silicon. Thermal energy is focused on the pixel and the pixel physically heats up or cools down. Since the resistance of the pixel varies with temperature, its value can be measured and mapped back to the target temperature via a calibration process. Each pixel of the sensor has a finite mass and hence a thermal time constant. Time constants for modern micro bolometer cameras are generally between 8-12 ms. However, this does not mean that the pixel can be read out every 8-12 ms and provide an accurate answer. The rule of thumb for a first order system responding to step input is that it takes five time constants to reach steady state (i.e. within 1% of final value).
One way to understand a micro bolometer detector’s time response is to think about two buckets of water. One bucket is full of well-stirred ice water at 0°C and the other is at a rapid boil at 100°C. If we allow a micro bolometer camera with a 10ms time constant to stare at the ice water and then instantaneously switch to the boiling water (a 100°C step input), the plot of the resulting temperature would look like the below graph.
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The detector half time, is the time taken to reach one half of its final value. This is described in physics as: Half time = loge(2) x time constant
This simplifies to approximately 0.69 x time constant. Here we see that the micro bolometer reports 50°C at 7ms, or one half time, 75°C at two half times, 87.5°C at three half times etc. If we tried to read out this micro bolometer at the equivalent of 100 frames/sec or 10ms, the camera would report back 63°C and have an error of 37°C. The camera would accurately report the temperature of the pixel, but the pixel would not have reached the temperature of the scene that it was looking at. In general, it doesn’t make sense to run uncooled micro bolometers faster than about 30 frames/sec.
88.4 Motion blur and relative temperature analysis As explained in the analysis method, alarming of potential defects is based around relative, rather than absolute, temperature measurements. Because of this, if the pixel temperature reading has not fully reached the temperature of the scene it will have a lesser impact on the analysis. However, it will still have an impact. For example;
• There is a step change in temperature reading when an axle passes through the frame• From a background temperature of 20°C, left brake is 146°C and right brake is 120°C• In a perfect system, this would identify a temperature difference of 26°C and trigger and alarm
based on a 20°C differential threshold• However, if we have a time constant of 12ms and read out the frame at 16.7ms (60Hz) the
Half time is 0.69 x 12 ms = 8.28ms Half time per frame read is 16.67 / 8.28 ≈ 2 Therefore, around two half times or 75% Left brake reading is (146 – 20) x 0.75 = 94.5°C Right brake reading is (120 – 20) x 0.75 = 75°C Differential temperature is 94.5 – 75 = 19.5°C This would not trigger an alarm based on a 20°C differential threshold
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• One method to reduce this effect is to base the alarm threshold on a percentage of the measured temperature, rather than on an absolute threshold temperature.
88.5 Cooled detector cameras Cooled thermal imaging detectors are fundamentally different to uncooled systems. These cameras are also known as “photonic” detectors and measure infrared radiation by counting incoming photons of energy, rather than requiring individual pixel elements to increase in temperature.
Thermal imaging cameras with a cooled detector offer some advantages over thermal imaging cameras with an uncooled detector. However, they are more expensive. A modern cooled thermal imaging camera has an imaging sensor that is integrated with a cryocooler, which lowers the sensor temperature to cryogenic temperatures. This reduction in sensor temperature is necessary to reduce thermally-induced noise to a level below that of the signal from the scene being imaged.
For some high-speed applications, a cooled thermal imaging camera will be required.
Cryocoolers have moving parts made to extremely close mechanical tolerances that wear out over time, as well as helium gas that slowly works its way past gas seals. Eventually a rebuild for the cryocooler is required after 10,000-13,000 hours of operation. This is usually managed as part of a cameras annual service and calibration check process.
8.6 Lens specification Some images did not capture the left and right wheel within the one frame. This was due to the relatively narrow angle of the lens used during the trial (45° horizontal FOV). Future system implementations should use a wider field of view lens (i.e. >80° horizontal FOV) to ensure that both wheels are always captured and analysis box placement can be more flexible.
Using two narrower field of view cameras to capture each side of the truck was considered as an option. However, this would require absolute calibrations of the cameras be closely aligned and require very tight timing parameters.
The lane width where the cameras are likely to be installed is 3.5m. Cameras will be installed on an angle to give a better view of the vehicle underside. The overall field of view of the camera will be around 4m wide.
All cameras specified have approximately one megapixel detector size, i.e. 640x480. Over 4m width, this means that each pixel is around 6.25mm2 in size. As a rule of thumb, for all thermal imaging cameras, it is important to have 4x4 pixels (16 pixels) covering any measurement spot. This relates to the detector element size (i.e. 17μm) vs the incoming radiation wavelength (i.e. 12μm). This means that we will have a minimum measureable spot size of around 25mm2, this measurement spot size is suitable for the application.
The pixel size is also known as the iFoV, or instantaneous field of view. The iFoV is calculated as the pixel size (17μm) divided by the lens focal length (i.e. 17μm ÷ 13.1mm 1.29 mrad). The number in mrad, or milliradians, is a useful value because it enables the pixel size at a given distance to be calculated easily – simply multiply the distance in meters by the iFoV in mrad. For example, at 1m = 1.29mm, at 2m = 2.59mm, 4m = 5.19mm, 10m = 12.9mm etc.
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Attachment A - Covering Letter (Tender Form) [Print on your company’s letterhead]
[Date]
Roads and Maritime Services 20-44 Ennis RoadMilsons Point NSW 2061Attention: [insert name of RFT Manager]
Dear Sir/Madam
[INSERT NAME OF RFT & RFT REF NO]
In accordance with the terms of the above Request for Tender (RFT) we offer to provide the services the subject of this RFT. The terms of our offer are set out in our tender which is constituted by the following documents:
a) this letter;b) a Professional Services Contract (Construction Industry) Agreement Form and all
schedules, annexures and attachments referred to in it;c) the following addenda:
i) [respondent to insert the list of all of the addenda issued by RMS].
We acknowledge that we have received the addenda listed above and that we have taken them into account in preparing this tender. We confirm that the information provided in our tender is accurate at the date of this statement and has been provided after making all due enquiries.
Acceptance
Our tender remains open for acceptance until the end of the Tender Validity Period referred to in the Details in the RFT. We understand that RMS is not bound to accept the lowest priced tender, or any tender, it may receive. Page 20 C73 Ed 2 / Rev 10
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Compliance with RFT and Code of Practice We confirm that, having made diligent inquiries of all relevant personnel, we have complied with all applicable requirements of the RFT and the NSW Government Code of Practice for Procurement.
No Collusion We warrant that in preparing our Tender submission that we did not communicate (verbally or otherwise) or have any arrangement or arrive at any understanding with any other tenderer which in any way reduced, or could have the effect of reducing, the competitiveness of the assessment process.
Our confidentiality obligations We confirm that we have complied with our confidentiality obligations in relation to this RFT. No further revisions
In reviewing the RFT and in preparing our tender, we confirm that we have sought appropriate legal advice and guidance.
Acknowledgment We acknowledge and agree that:
� the RFT does not create any legal relationship or obligations on RMS and we submit our tender fully understanding and accepting all of the terms of the RFT;
� RMS does not warrant or assume any responsibility for, or make any representations about, the accuracy, suitability or completeness of the RFT;
� RMS does not owe any duty of care or other responsibility to us with respect to the RFT;
� we have examined all information relevant to the risks, contingencies and other circumstances having an effect on our tender and our tender reflects those risks, contingencies and circumstances; and
� RMS will be relying upon each of the representations and warranties given by us in our tender in selecting the successful tenderer.
Yours sincerely _________________________________
Signature [insert name], [insert title] as authorised signatory for [insert your company’s full company name and ABN]
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Schedule B1 - Executive summary
(a) an overview of your approach;
AZH has approached this tender submission on the core foundation of transparency. We sincerely believe in the high quality of our work related to this tender and we have ensured this tender submission is honest, transparent and simple to review by RMS.
(b) factors which you consider important for RMS to consider; and
AZH believes that RMS must consider the following factors when reviewing AZH’s tender submission, and any other vendor’s submissions in general for the scope of this RFT:
• Demonstrated examples of previous heavy vehicle ITS field trials and scoping studies. As this is a niche industry, it takes years for a person to skill up for this relevant area of knowledge. We have provided two demonstrated scoping study examples as requested and can provide all others if requested. AZH understands that the successful tenderers must be able to hit the ground running which we are most certainly able to do as demonstrated.
• Dedication to quality of work. Also because this is a niche industry, RMS must have trust in the recommendations from any ITS consultation vendor as these recommendations are potentially used for implementation of such technologies and also need to stand up to legal questioning where required. As demonstrated in section B5 of this tender response, all our previous work in ITS field-trials/scoping studies have been accepted and praised by the customer. We have met 100% of our cost and time requirements.
(c) any other relevant information to assist RMS to better understand your tender.
No
Schedule B2 - Company profile
a) full name and ABN (and ACN if a company or ARBN if a foreign company);
Company Name: AZH CONSULTING PTY. LTD. ACN Number: 615 844 954ABN Number: 22615844954
(b) brief company history;
XXX
(c) overview of products and services provided by the company;
• Scoping Studies
• End-to-end trial management;
• Business Analysis
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• Business Intelligence and Reporting Insights
• Technology vendor liaison;
• Customer liaison
• WHS management
(d) number of years carrying on a business providing services the subject of this RFT;
AZH has been providing field-trial, consultation/scoping study report services for heavy vehicle ITS for over the past two financial years., This includes 7 field-trials and scoping study reports for the RMS.
(e) financial stability of the company and annual revenue over the last 12 months of your business providing services similar to those sought in this RFT;
The company has had an annual revenue turnover of $400k in the past 12 months directly relating to providing similar services required in this RFT.
(f) the name, title, address, direct telephone and fax numbers and email address of the designated person in the company who will be RMS’s primary contact during the evaluation process;
Primary content during tender process is listed below, if you require to contact for any documentation or further questioning please contact the primary contact point.
Ali HamidiOperation Manager
(g) details regarding the ownership and control of your company to assist RMS to make any assessment necessary under clause 5.4; and
(h) any other relevant information to assist RMS to better understand your tender.
AZH Consulting PTY LTD is 100% owned and operated by Zoe Hamidi, who is the current director of the company.
Schedule B3 - Other parties If your Tender involves other parties, you must include the following information about those other parties in this section:
This tender submission does not involve any other parties. All questions in this section B3 are hence not applicable.
(a) full legal name, ACN/ARBN and ABN of the company;
(b) description of the involvement of that company in your Tender;
(c) description of your relationship with that company;
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(d) details of that company’s track record in performing the role envisaged in your Tender; and
(e) any other relevant information to assist RMS to better understand your tender.
*** If your Tender does not involve other parties then you must state so.
Schedule B5 – Non- Price Evaluation Criteria
Technical Skills (personnel)
- Qualifications and competence of proposed key personnel.
Ali Hamidi:
Zoe Hamidi:
- Level of technical support. Experience and responsibility level of other expert support the Project Team may draw on.
As the business manager, Zoe Hamidi draws on an extensive career in communications(Bachelor’s degree in communications), data analysis/reporting and vender/contract management, end-to-end business management including finance/accounting.
As the technical lead, Ali Hamidi draws on a 10 year career in the ITS industry as well as an extensive IT project management and data analysis/reporting career working for major Australian telecommunications companies. Detailed knowledge of world-wide best practises in the ITS industry drawn on from international ITS consulting for road government agencies throughout the world has enabled AZH to be an industry leader in ITS consultation and especially providing governments advice regarding best methods to go from potential ITS solutions to actual implementation while meeting all legislative requirements.
Methodology
- Understanding of project and client needs and proposed procedures to achieve project outcomes.
AZH has developed into an ITS industry leader based on a core foundational practise of understanding before action. Our company motto of “driving innovation through education” succinctly summarises that we strive to educate ourselves and our customers regarding any consultancy projects before proceeding. We believe that at least 60% of the time spent on a project should consist of planning; the other 40% is the implementation/reporting etc. This ensures all known and initially unknown customer requirements are conveyed and documented before commencing a project. Additionally, we understand the majority of our customers do not possess a detailed understanding of the ITS industry; they generally only have a high level idea of what they technology could achieve. For this reason, we also
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understand that the planning/consultation phase should be a two-way process, in that we endeavour to adapt our customer’s requirements through reverse engineering their business requirements which are not always defined or documented. All these requirements are gathered via face-to-face meetings, teleconferences, road-side meetings, ITS manufacturer meetings etc. Essentially, we manage any ITS field-trials/consultation/scoping-study end-to-end by determining the following:
1. Legislative guidelines and requirements of the ITS technology in question;a. Ie/ what transport/road law can the ITS technology be used for detection
and/or data collection and/or infringement.2. ITS technology Gazettal Requirements for the relevant regulatory program(s);
a. Ie/ does the ITS technology require gazettal for the relevant ITS technology.
3. ITS Field Trial requirements;a. Ie/ what does the ITS technology require(communications, trigger
systems, custom in-road housings etc) to enable accurate data to be collected for the field-trial.
4. Scoping Study report detaila. Ie/ what amount of detail does the customer require in the scoping study
report to achieve the outcome. This is further discussed in the next two sections of the tender response.
- Method of programming and identification of key elements and resources required and available.
We run all ITS consultation projects and field trials/scoping studies in the following methodology:
1) Consultation(as described in the previous question)2) Customer/business requirements documentation3) Upon confirmation from the customer that the ITS business requirements are
accurate, we proceed to the scheduling/ project-management stage. This stage ensures cost and time KPI’s are met and the business outcomes required by the customer are met.
4) Managing ITS trials with the customer and end-users(usually enforcement officers in their respective jurisdiction). It is critical to involve the end-users to ensure their business requirements are met with the ITS technology being trialled/consulted upon.
5) Scheduling ITS trials on the road side or other specified location. This involves planning with state authorities(such as RMS), local councils, human resources(enforcement officers, police officers etc).
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6) Running ITS field-trials on the road side or other specified location for a specified length of time to gather the required amount of data to test the proof of concept of the ITS technology being trialled.
7) Once the required amount of data has been gathered during the field-trial, we move to the reporting and analysis phase. This phase is the most complex as we ensure we translate technical data into layman terms for our customers to be able to make an informed decision regarding this ITS technology and potential implementations which meet legislative requirements moving forward. The following is an adaptable high-level layout we use to document our scoping studies:
a. Purpose.b. Background(documents the business problem that the ITS technology aims to
resolve).c. ITS technology and Theory.d. Method of testing.e. Results.f. Conclusion.g. Proposal/Recommendations for implementation of this ITS technology while
meeting legislative guidelines/requirements.h. Appendix containing all related data etc.
8) Submission of draft document to customer for review. Several meetings are now held to explain the contents of the scoping study to the customer. Particular attention is paid to translating the technical information into understandable and implementable solutions for the customer. Generally, the customer uses this opportunity to educate themselves, and their organisation on the potential business and road-safety benefits of implementing the ITS technology.
9) Reviews and final submission of scoping study documents, data-sets etc.10) Final Meetings held with end-users and customer to update on the conclusion of the
ITS trial and provide any further assistance.
- Innovation/creative quality of proposal.
Following on from the above response for “methodology”, we spend a large portion of the planning phase understanding what format the customer would like the proposal and reports in. All customers are different and we appreciate the fact that if the customer cannot understand what we have provided, then we have not performed our role adequately. For this reason, we innovate and adapt our proposals, ITS field-trials and scoping study reports according to the customer’s understanding of the ITS technology in question and also the outcome they seek, as well as taking into account the most efficient way that the ITS technology can be trialled. For example, one field trial we performed for RMS (Houston Radar over-length vehicle detection system) required to be mounted at Galston Gorge which was a high risk road for pedestrians/humans to attend. AZH proposed
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a safe and lower cost option for RMS to achieve the same outcomes without any human needing to physically attend site for the field-trial. We added mobile communications and CCTV functionality in the Houston Radar technology to enable us to run the field-trial remotely and also providing a safer option and lower cost to RMS. A customer with little understanding generally requires more innovative ideas and implementation options. A customer with a detailed understanding of the applications of the ITS technology generally needs very little creative/innovative options and generally require more documentation surrounding legislative requirements and especially risks of using the ITS technology etc which AZH has developed into an industry leader.
Past Performance/Demonstrated Experience with heavy vehicle ITS regulatory technology trials (Time, Cost, Quality)
- Record of performance on similar projects including standard of outputs: Provide a list of all heavy vehicle ITS regulatory technology trials performed during the past two years AND attach at least two detailed reports produced for these trials
Below is a list of HV ITS field trials and scoping study reports AZH has performed in the past 2 years:
HV ITS Trial Regulatory Function Completion on time including meeting milestones and deadlines.
Completion within agreed
budget.
Achievement of quality aspects.
FLIR Thermal Trial at Picton Rd Defective brake detection. Yes Yes Yes-accepted by client
SICK high-speed dimension scanner at Marulan HVSS
Over-dimension vehicles Yes Yes Yes-accepted by client
TIRTL/Optris Thermal sensor at Mt Ousley Rd
Defective brake detection. Yes Yes Yes-accepted by client
TIRTL/LTI dimension scanner at Marulan HVSS
Over-dimension vehicles Yes Yes Yes-accepted by client
Houston radar trial at Galston Gorge
Over Length heavy vehicles
Yes Yes Yes-accepted by client
PAT Dynamic portable scale trial at Sydney on-road site
Low-cost and low-time over-mass vehicle detection.
Yes Yes Yes-accepted by client
HAENNI Dynamic portable scale trial at Lismore on-road site
Low-cost and low-time over-mass vehicle detection.
Yes Yes Yes-accepted by client
As requested, attached are two examples of a scoping study produced following end-to-end field-trial management of ITS technology. We have provided one scoping study which the
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customer required extensive and a high level detail and high level of innovative/creative reporting due to their minimal understanding of the technology, implementation and suitable applications; this is the “AZH Scoping Study 1 - FLIR Thermal Camera Scoping Study” document attached. Also attached is an example of a much less detailed scoping study as the customer had an extensive understanding of the ITS technology, implementation and application; this is the “AZH Scoping Study - SICK FPS”. This shows our adaptability to the customer to deliver the outcomes sought.
- Completion on time including meeting milestones and AZH Scoping Study 1 - FLIR Thermal Camer
AZH Scoping Study - SICK FPS.pdf
deadlines.
Commented in the table. Met all milestones and deadlines for all projects.
- Completion within agreed budget.
Commented in the table. Met all budgets for all projects.
- Achievement of quality aspects.
Commented in the table. Met all quality aspects for all ITS field trials and scoping study reports. All scoping study reports have been accepted by the client.
Schedule B6 - References
In this section, you should list organisations who are prepared to provide a reference for you and to whom you have provided services of a similar nature and scope as those the subject of this RFT. It is preferable if these referees include customers who have recently acquired those services.
You must provide the following information for each referee:
(a) name of the organisation;
Roads and Maritime Services
(b) name, title, address and telephone number of the person we can contact;
Name: Jai Singh
Address: 110 george street Parramatta
Phone:
(c) services provided;
• ITS field trial end-to-end management
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• ITS scoping study reports• ITS consultation and recommendations for road safety
(d) organisation’s industry;
Consultation services
(e) scale of operations in terms of quantity of services, dollar value and any other relevant factors; and
• Quantity: AZH has been providing field-trial, consultation/scoping study report services for heavy vehicle ITS for over the past two financial years. This includes 7 field-trials and scoping study reports for the RMS.
• Dollar Value: The cost of each project depends solely on the requirements and scope of the customer which translates into a certain amount of time and resources estimated to be spent on each project. We provide value for money and attempt where possible to provide fixed price proposals to enable our customers to simplify their financial accounting processes.
(f) any other relevant information to assist RMS to better understand your tender.
AZH is happy to provide any additional information to assist RMS in the tender review.
Please note that we may contact your nominated referees or other customers for reference checking without advising you.
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SICK Free Flow Vehicle Profiling System
1
SICK Free Flow Vehicle Profiling System
Scoping Study
for Roads & Maritime Services heavy vehicle over-dimension screening.
1st May 2017.
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Contents
1.0 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………….. Page 3
2.0 Overview of work ………………………………………………………………………………… Page 3
3.0 Recorded Data (Overview) …………………………………………………………………. Page 4
4.0 Comparison………………………………………………………………………………………… Page 9
4.1 General Observations ………………………………………………………… Page 10
4.2 Length results summary………………………………………………………… Page 11
4.3 Width results summary…………………………………………………………. Page 12
4.4 Height results summary…………………………………………….………….. Page 13 5.0 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………………………. Page 14
Appendix A Results Chart Description ……………………………………………………… Page 15
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1.0 Introduction
A SICK Free Flow Vehicle Profiling System (FPS) has been installed at the RMS Heavy Vehicle Checking Station – 12 Mile Creek(Pacific highway South-Bound) in the screening lane.
The intent of this Proof of Concept (POC) trial was for Road Maritime Services (RMS) to install a FPS for pre-screening of all heavy vehicles with Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM) greater than eight tonne and compare the dimensional values to manual measurements using conventional techniques. The purpose of the installation is to prove the FPS’s accuracy and ensure the suitability of the system for heavy vehicle dimensional measurement at high speeds.
This will enable RMS to automatically screen heavy vehicles which are over dimension (height, width, length). The result being that RMS can intercept heavy vehicles which are over-dimension, and conversely, not intercept vehicles which are compliant so as not to interrupt freight transport.
2.0 Overview of workThree scanners and one computer were installed and commissioned on a gantry above the screening lane at 12 Mile Creek inspection station
Figure 2.0.1
A total of 53 Vehicles were compared.
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3.0 Recorder Data (overview)
Vehicle FPS DataRMS Manual
MeasureCompari
sonComment
Number Length Width* Height km/h Length Width Height Length Width Height
001 16.63 3.02 3.62 65 16.68 0 3.794 0.05 -3.02 0.174HEIGHT - Difficult to measure manually
WIDTH - Noise Point
002 8.54 2.32 2.39 69.7 8.45 2.33 2.37 -0.09 0.01 -0.02HEIGHT - Missed Stack (measured tailor
003 19.41 2.72 3.96 36.2 19.48 0 4.01 0.07 -2.72 0.05 WIDTH - Hard to manual measure004 18.86 2.63 3.99 59.8 19.03 2.55 4.014 0.17 -0.08 0.024 WIDTH - Hard to manual measure
005 18.91 2.62 3.54 40.1 18.9 2.68 3.57 -0.01 0.06 0.03
006 18.08 2.71 4.5 54.7 17.84 2.7 4.59 -0.24 -0.01 0.09
HEIGHT - Manual measure hard to get as
cannot touch loaded cars
007 17.39 2.64 4.21 56.6 17.1 2.6 4.28 -0.29 -0.04 0.07
HEIGHT - only 1 data point on stack (may
have missed highest point)HEIGHT - only 1 data point on stack (may
008 17.32 2.68 3.86 52.5 17.45 2.59 3.98 0.13 -0.09 0.12have missed highest point)
WIDTH - Can’t measure the outer pointswith tape
009 7.7 2.72 3.38 57.2 7.76 2.58 3.372 0.06 -0.14 -0.008WIDTH - Truck Curtain bulging when
driving010 10.48 2.63 3.32 46 10.5 2.5 3.32 0.02 -0.13 0
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011 14.67 2.61 3.48 56.1 14.9 2.54 3.5 0.23 -0.07 0.02
012 21.73 2.66 4.24 40.7 21.44 2.66 4.26 -0.29 0 0.02LENGTH - Vehicle may be longer when
driving?
013 19.44 2.62 3.67 54.2 19.37 2.6 3.64 -0.07 -0.02 -0.03014 10.61 2.6 4.2 54.1 10.67 2.5 4.22 0.06 -0.1 0.02
015 19.83 2.68 4.3 51.9 19.75 2.63 4.323 -0.08 -0.05 0.023 WIDTH - cannot measure width manual016 18.97 2.67 3.88 59.4 18.9 2.62 3.906 -0.07 -0.05 0.026
017 17.73 2.64 4.29 53.1 17.66 2.51 4.28 -0.07 -0.13 -0.01 WIDTH - Could not measure manually
018 20.19 2.61 3.26 52.2 20.75 2.52 3.265 0.56 -0.09 0.005Length - Unknown issue with length
(possibly missed end of vehicle)
019 11.23 2.61 3.85 51.8 11.27 2.55 3.91 0.04 -0.06 0.06
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Vehicle FPS DataRMS Manual
MeasureCompari
sonComment
Number LengthWidth
* Height km/h Length Width Height Length Width Height
020 18.74 3.01 4.43 45 18.93 2.6 4.29 0.19 -0.41 -0.14HEIGHT - Cannot manually measure
WIDTH - Noise
021 18.99 2.63 3.66 51.8 18.27 2.51 3.838 -0.72 -0.12 0.178HEIGHT - FPS Missed stack
Length - Noise at front of vehicle022 23.76 2.63 4.37 54.8 23.535 2.59 4.356 -0.225 -0.04 -0.014
023 22.11 2.74 3.94 75.3 22.36 2.72 3.987 0.25 -0.02 0.047024 8.94 2.61 3.39 27.7 8.805 2.59 3.405 -0.135 -0.02 0.015
025 19.37 2.63 4.02 52.9 19.25 2.6 4.048 -0.12 -0.03 0.028
026 25.73 2.66 4.34 62.3 25.66 2.505 4.309 -0.07 -0.155 -0.031WIDTH: Manual measure at back of trailer
027 25.82 2.64 4.15 53.2 2.56 4.135 -25.82 -0.08 -0.015
LENGTH: could not measure as truck not
parked straight in bay028 8.84 2.59 2.87 53.5 8.86 2.49 3.162 0.02 -0.1 0.292 HEIGHT: Missed Stack
029 25.55 2.67 4.39 47.9 25.5 2.52 4.385 -0.05 -0.15 -0.005 WIDTH: VPS picked up budge in curtain030 17.42 2.61 4.22 51.3 17.53 2.57 4.222 0.11 -0.04 0.002
031 20.17 2.66 4.17 53.5 19.85 2.55 4.141 -0.32 -0.11 -0.029 LENGTH - Difficult to measure manually032 14.52 2.61 3.47 61.6 14.8 2.53 3.49 0.28 -0.08 0.02
033 24.88 2.65 4.24 60.5 25.04 2.46 4.28 0.16 -0.19 0.04
034 17.33 2.57 3.01 56.9 17.14 2.48 2.926 -0.19 -0.09 -0.084HEIGHT - Missed thin protrusion (about
40mm thickness)
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035 18.35 2.66 3.93 54.9 18.34 2.57 3.923 -0.01 -0.09 -0.007WIDTH - Budging curtain, could not
measure
036 14.8 2.59 3.92 56.8 14.94 2.54 3.93 0.14 -0.05 0.01Comment: Very shiny Vehicle (milktruck)
HEIGHT: Used Stack however tarp was037 14.32 2.69 3.59 53.3 14.17 2.64 3.65 -0.15 -0.05 0.06 higher point (couple not measure
manually)038 16.22 2.62 3.84 49.6 16.04 2.54 3.845 -0.18 -0.08 0.005
039 26.26 2.64 4.5 61.4 25.98 2.59 4.6 -0.28 -0.05 0.1
HEIGHT: FPS Missed the Peak of the height
measurement040 25.56 3.05 4.26 49.6 25.71 4.237 0.15 -3.05 -0.023 WIDTH: Noise on measurement
041 19.67 2.64 4.05 42.3 19.6 2.6 4.052 -0.07 -0.04 0.002
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Vehicle FPS DataRMS Manual
MeasureCompari
sonComment
Number Length Width* Height km/h Length Width Height Length Width Height042 16.91 2.61 4.04 58.4 16.98 2.505 4.097 0.07 -0.105 0.057 HEIGHT: Did not capture full Stack
043 26.14 2.66 4.47 56.8 25.9 2.55 4.645 -0.24 -0.11 0.175HEIGHT: Point cloud missing Top Points
Changed Config - BoxLengthMaxY = 6000 (was 4500)
044 6.11 2.06 2.2 37.3 6.2 1.98 2.269 0.09 -0.08 0.069045 19.09 2.62 3.28 55.5 19.2 2.52 3.293 0.11 -0.1 0.013
046 15.81 2.6 4.08 59.5 17.86 2.53 4.074 2.05 -0.07 -0.006LENGTH: Possible issue with speed
measurement on FPSHEIGHT: FPS Missed Stack
047 25.52 2.61 3.87 51.2 24.12 2.55 4.31 -1.4 -0.06 0.44 LENGTH: Possible issue with speedmeasurement on FPS
048 21.49 3.19 4.22 54.6 20.8 3.15 4.225 -0.69 -0.04 0.005
LENGTH: May have influence from Flags
(Driver Confirmed 20.8 is correct)049 10.34 2.57 3.66 53.6 10.4 2.51 3.71 0.06 -0.06 0.05
050 7.31 2.43 2.59 52.3 7.11 2.35 2.64 -0.2 -0.08 0.05051 8.24 2.61 3.14 53.1 8.3 2.54 3.134 0.06 -0.07 -0.006052 17.15 2.73 3.69 44.1 17.2 2.6 3.729 0.05 -0.13 0.039 Width Could not manual measure053 10.23 2.57 2.68 46.8 9.9 2.46 2.68 -0.33 -0.11 0
Table 3.0.1
* FPS Width measurement ignores the first 2.6m of the vehicle to attempt to exclude vehicle mirrors
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4.0 Comparison
Some data has been excluded from the analysis. Data has been excluded if there was an issue with the manual measurement (such as RMS inspectors did not measure outer most point) or if there was an issue with the FPS measurement (such as “noise” being created on highly shiny surfaces)
Length Average Variance3, 6 = -0.1% (0.013m) with an average speed of 53.2 km/h over 45 vehicles
Width Average Variance4, 6 = -2.57% (0.064m) with an average speed of 53.3 km/h over 40 vehicles
Height Average Variance5, 6 = +0.38% (0.012m) with an average speed of 51.9 km/h over 39 vehicles
Expected FPS Performance:
DescriptionTypical measurement accuracy Comment(95% of vehicles)
Length 1 ±1.000 mm (σ=500mm) Speed < 80 km/hWidth 2 ±100 mm (σ=50mm) Speed < 80 km/hHeight 2 ±30 mm (σ=15mm) Speed < 80 km/hTable 4.0.1
1 Project separated vehicles with a minimum gap of 2.0m.2 For width and height measurement, the object cross section must be > 100mm and a remission of >2% (= antennas might not be detected). For width / height measurement the scanner frequency is 75 Hz.3 Length Variance formula = (Manual Length – FPS Length) / Manual Length 4 Width Variance formula = (Manual Width – FPS Width) / Manual Width5 Height Variance formula = (Manual Height – FPS Height) / Manual Height6 Figures do not include “data has been excluded from the analysis” noted in section 4.0
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4.1 General Observations
Some measurements were very hard to compare due to accessibility of measurement point for manual measurement.
The more manual measurements carried out the more accurate they became in in comparison to the FPS System.
Manual measurements made often varied in accuracy based on the person carrying out the measurement.
Comparison of width measurements were particularly problematic due too difficulty accessing the widest pointso manually measuring between widest pointso spurious objects being measured by the FPS such as flags straps and
small branches (on log trucks)
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4.2 Length
FPS measurement allowable error = ±1.00mManual measurement uncertainty = ±0.11m
Chart 4.2.1Please note: Excluded Vehicles # are 012, 018, 021, 027, 031, 046, 047 and 048.
Image 4.2.1 (Vehicle 020) Image 4.2.2 (Vehicle 060)
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4.3 Width
FPS measurement allowable error = ±0.10mManual measurement uncertainty = ±0.03m
Chart 4.3.1Please note: Excluded Vehicles # are 001, 003, 004, 008, 009, 015, 017, 020, 026, 029, 035, 040 and 052.
Image 4.3.1 (Vehicle 021) Image 4.3.2 (Vehicle 025)
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4.4 Height
FPS measurement allowable error = ±0.03mManual measurement uncertainty = ±0.04m
Chart 4.4.1Please note: Excluded Vehicles # are 001, 002, 006, 007, 008, 020, 021, 028, 034, 037, 039, 042, 043 and 047.
Image 4.4.1 (Vehicle 012) Image 4.4.2 (Vehicle 048)
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5.0 Conclusion
Final results indicate that the FPS is operating within accuracy specification for length, width and height. However, the comparison data for width measurement proved to be unreliable due to the factors mentioned above.
In addition, minimum detectable object size needs to be taken into consideration when using this system for screening vehicles at high speeds
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Appendix A – Results Chart Description
Sample Data
Vehicle reference Vehicle Speed (km/h) VPS Measurement Manual Measurement Deviation (m) Deviation (%) = VPS measurement Manual measurementnumber (m) (m) Deviation / Manual allowable error (m) uncertainty (m)
Measurement * 1001924 5.58 2.000 1.921 -0.079 -4.11% ± 0.05 ± 0.081918 5.9904 3.000 2.969 -0.031 -1.04% ± 0.05 ± 0.081931 6.5772 4.000 4.002 +0.002 +0.05% ± 0.05 ± 0.08
Red dotted line indicates allowable error in VPS measurement (as per
SICK specification)
Parameter being measured (Length, Width or Height)
Error bars indicate potential error in manual measurement based on advice from RMS
Blue marker indicates deviation of manual measurement form VPS measurement
Vehicle reference number
Vehicle speed at time of measurement
Zero on the Y axis
represents the VPS measurement point
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FLIR Thermal Camera: Field Trial and Scoping Study
1
FLIR Thermal Camera: Field Trial and Scoping Study
for Roads & Maritime Services heavy vehicle brake and tyre defect detection.
15th March 2017.
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1. PURPOSE 3
2. BACKGROUND 3
3. TECHNOLOGY AND THEORY 4
4. METHOD 4
5. RESULTS 6
6. CONCLUSION 12
7. PROPOSAL FOR FUTURE AUTOMATED INSPECTION SYSTEM 13
8. APPENDIX 1 – IMAGING FAST MOVING OBJECTS 16
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11. Purpose This report details the trial conducted for the Roads & Maritime Services (RMS), which tested the efficacy of thermal imaging technology for assessing potential defects on heavy vehicles. The trial was conducted over during the month of February 2017, at the Picton Road heavy vehicle inspection station near Wilton NSW 2571.
Currently the inspection of vehicles is on a randomised basis. Each vehicle inspection takes around thirty minutes and the number of vehicles inspected is a very small percentage of the total vehicles travelling on the road. Over the two full days of trials, fourteen trucks were inspected by the team.
An automated thermal inspection system will allow trucks with potential defects to be identified for manual inspection. This would allow the inspectors’ time to be used more effectively, by allowing targeted rather than random inspections to take place.
The methods used and the results of the trial are summarised within this report, along with a summary of how the technology can be applied for automated inspection.
2. Background During the 12 months to the end of June 2016, 208 people died from 182 fatal crashes involving heavy trucks or buses. These included:
• 111 deaths from 96 crashes involving articulated trucks• 79 deaths from 68 crashes involving heavy rigid trucks• 25 deaths from 22 crashes involving buses.
Statistics published January 2014 show that one in seven (15%) single heavy vehicle crashes had an equipment failure reported for that truck. Of these faults, brake failure made up 16%, tyre failure made up 22% and wheel/suspension failure made up 6% of documented incidents. Thermal imaging has the potential to detect these types of faults, which equate to 44% of total equipment related failures.
Source http://roadsafety.transport.nsw.gov.au/downloads/heavy-truck-crash-data0114.pdf
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33. Technology and Theory Thermal imaging cameras, such as the FLIR A615, detect and display differences in temperatures by detecting the intensity of thermal radiation. The FLIR A615 thermal imaging camera can accurately measure the temperature of more than 300,000 separate points, simultaneously. The raw sensor data from the camera is sent to an industrial processor, over Ethernet connection, where the processor assesses and analyses the images, in real-time.
Preliminary investigations have determined that conditions such as malfunctioning brakes, overheated bearings and other tire risks, can be detected by thermal anomalies that are identifiable by the thermal imaging camera. For example, defective or non-functioning brakes are typically colder than a vehicle's operational brakes. This difference is clearly visible on a thermal image.
4. Method During the trial, the camera was mounted in the centre of the road as shown below. The camera used was a Flir A655sc with 45° horizontal field of view lens. Thermal footage was captured over two days with a variety of different truck types. Anomalies detected by the system were flagged with the RMS inspection staff for further investigation.
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Tests were also performed to determine the ability of the FLIR line of cameras to capture fast moving vehicles. Cameras were set up as shown below for a view of trucks travelling more than 80km/h.
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55. Results A total of fourteen trucks were analysed with five trucks showing signs of a fault. All five trucks identified by the thermal camera as showing a fault, were verified as genuine defects by the inspectors during manual examination. The thermal imaging system made no false detections.
5.1 Analysis method Alarming was based on differential temperature variances. An area box was placed on either side of the image frame; each box captured one wheel as it passed through the frame. The maximum temperature within the area was calculated and trended over time.
If brakes are functioning correctly the differential in maximum temperature measured for the left and right wheel will be within a small window, for example 5°C. If the differential between the left and right “area maximum” varied by more than 20°C this identified a potential fault condition.
One of the major benefits of the “relative” thermal differential approach, rather than alarming based on absolute thresholds, is that the system does not need to be adjusted for system and environmental variables (i.e. ambient temperature, speed of vehicle etc.). This technique is used successfully for many thermographic inspection systems in process control applications.
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55.2 Table of results The table below summarises the captured thermal video files and the results of analysis. All video files were captured with full radiometric data enabling further detailed analysis in post processing. Note: ‘X’ indicates that an axle was unable to be read. This resulted from factors such as inadequate camera field of view or obscured vision, see appendix discussion of lens selection.
Truck Number File Number Axles Ax1 Diff Ax2 Diff Ax3 Diff Ax4 Diff Ax5 Diff Ax6 Diff 2017-02- 02T091637382.fcf 1 6 11.9 7 4 0 1 1 2017-02- 02T092942689.fcf 2 5 X 4 7 9 1 2017-02- 02T094709546.fcf 3 3 2 2 0 2017-02- 02T100302610.fcf 4 6 1 X X 3 22 0 2017-02- 02T103138685.fcf 5 3 4 4 2 2017-02- 02T103447682.fcf 5 3 3 2 5 2017-02- 02T104200283.fcf 6 1 0 2017-02- 02T105137703.fcf 6 1 1 2017-02- 02T112053873.fcf 7 3 0 3 2 2017-02- 02T113717593.fcf 8 3 X 10 0 2017-02- 02T114221072.fcf 9 6 4 5 6 1 9 X 2017-02- 02T130256151.fcf 10 4 5 5 7 X 2017-02- 03T084059345.fcf 11 6 21 11 18 X X X 2017-02- 03T093507925.fcf 12 2 X 4 2017-02- 03T094314759.fcf 13 3 23 10 3 3 51 25 2017-02- 03T101724303.fcf 14 6 26 8 0 20 7 10
5.3 Image analysis The image sequence of truck four below shows the final three axles (six axle truck). The temperature difference between the brake on each side of axle five can clearly be seen.
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The image below shows the final three axles of truck five. The temperature difference on these axles is less than 10°C
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The image below shows the final two axles of truck nine. The temperature difference between the brakes on these axles is 40°C. The truck was grounded as a result of this discovery.
The image sequence below shows the final two axles of truck thirteen. The large temperature difference on axles five and six can clearly be seen.
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All graphs above show the “area maximum” values from each area box trended over time, as the truck moves over the camera. The peaks in the response show the points where each axle (pair of wheels) move through the analysis boxes. The peaks for left and right align closely for good functioning brake sets. For malfunctioning brake sets the differential between these peaks is significant.
In one case seen during the trial, the peaks for both wheels of an axle correlated closely. However, the peaks were both significantly lower than the peaks for the immediately prior and following axles. This indicated a brake issue for both wheels on the axle. This highlighted the requirement for a secondary analysis mechanism to identify this type of potential defect, see discussion and recommendations below.
55.4 High speed results The images below show a side view of trucks travelling more than 80km/h. Images were taken with three different cameras; A65, A655sc and A6753sc. Both uncooled micro bolometer based cameras performed poorly for the high-speed tests. The rolling shutter type effect on both the A65 and A615 results in significant distortion of images. The cooled detector of the A6753sc enables very clear images to be captured. An explanation of these results and the camera attributes that impact high speed imaging is given in the appendix of this document. Note: quality of high speed images is NOT linked to camera frame rate – see appendix for detailed explanation.
FLIR A65
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FLIR A655sc
FLIR A6753sc
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66. Conclusion Thermal imaging technology can effectively identify truck brake issues when monitoring the underbody of a passing vehicle. All anomalies detected by the trial system were confirmed by RMS inspectors and the system made no “false positive” detections.
Differential temperature between the left and right wheel, within a single frame from the camera, was an effective analysis method. Identifying non-functioning brake sets for an entire axle will also require analysis of temperatures for leading and trailing wheels.
Truck speed has a significant impact on image quality. Selecting a suitable camera for each installation location will be important to ensure accurate results.
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77. Proposal for future Automated Inspection System The automated thermal inspection system will scan all trucks, rather than a small sample set. It will identify and flag any truck with a potential defect, alerting the RMS roadside inspectors of a probable fault so that a manual inspection can be carried out. This will allow targeted rather than random inspections to take place, improving the value of inspection time, increasing defect detection rates and improving overall road safety.
7.1 Camera selection The developed system is compatible with most cameras within the FLIR A-Series range. This will allow different cameras to be used in different locations to maximise the price benefit of each installation. For example:
• <20km/hr vehicle speed = 75007-0101 FLIR A65, 7.5mm FOV 90° × 69°= this camera can be used in areas where vehicle speed is slow and/or installation is within a tightly confined space
• <50km/hr vehicle speed = 55001-0105 FLIR A615, 6.5mm FOV 80° × 64.4° (92.8° diagonal) = this camera will be the standard unit used
• <120km/hr vehicle speed = FLIR A6650 13mm (low distortion) = this camera can be used in areas where vehicles are travelling at very high speeds or very accurate measurements are required
See appendix notes on high speed imaging and lens selection for detail on the reasoning behind the cameras selected.
7.2 Analysis methods Each brake/wheel will be assessed against the brake/wheel on the opposite side (i.e. left vs right) and against the leading and trailing brake/wheel (i.e. axle 5 left side compared to axle 4 and 6 left side). The assessment will be made based on a relative temperature differential comparing the maximum measured temperature for each brake/wheel. The alarm threshold will be determined by a percentage of measured temperature peak, rather than an absolute temperature differential. See appendix note on motion blur and relative temperature differentials.
7.3 System inputs The system will ideally require trigger inputs from supporting infrastructure, such as the CEOS TIRTL system. The inputs required are triggers for:
• Vehicle start• Wheel set 1• Wheel set 2
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• Wheel set 3• Wheel set xxxx etc.• Vehicle finish
77.4 Physical installation The fixed placement inspection system will consist of a camera installed within the road surface. The camera will be located 500m – 1km prior to the inspection station so that, if a defect is detected, the truck can be directed to stop for further manual inspection.
Infrared radiation can transmit through an appropriately specified wire mesh with minimal signal degradation. The proposed design will use a wire mesh, coated with non-slip grip surface on the upper side. This will ensure the surface is safe for motorists to cross. An extensive design review and testing of this aspect of the system will be required before a system rollout.
Cables within the road will connect the camera to a road side control box. The control box will be low powered, enabling solar powered operation if no primary power source is available.
A wireless connection to the inspection station will be enabled to allow RMS inspection staff to be alerted to an approaching, potentially defective vehicle.
The following render represents a potential layout of the fixed placement inspection system.
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77.5 Interface to RMS systems The system will provide flexible and open interfaces to other systems. For example, the following outputs can be made available if required:
• RMS Truckscan system • SMS and email based alarming and diagnostics• Serial communication over RS232/RS485• IP network communication and alarms• SQL data base and image library• Analogue outputs, e.g. 4-20mA temperature levels• Digital relay contact outputs for alarms• Interfaces to suit proprietary systems
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88. Appendix 1 – Imaging Fast Moving Objects
8.1 A65 vs A655sc In high-speed testing, images from the A655sc were better than those from the A65. The table below highlights the specifications of each camera.
PRODUCT NAME FLIR A65 F=13 MM FLIR A655SC 45° IR RESOLUTION 640 × 512 pixels 640 × 480 pixels THERRMAL < 0.05°C @ +30°C / 50 mK < 0.03°C @ +30°C / 30 mK SENSITIVITY/NETD FIELD OF VIEW (FOV) 45° × 37° 45° × 34° (55° diagonal) FOCAL LENGTH 13 mm 13.1 mm SPATIAL RESOLUTION 1.31 mrad 1.23 mrad (IFOV) F--NUMBER 1.25 1.0 IMAGE FREQUENCY 30 Hz 50 Hz (100/200 Hz with windowing) DETECTOR TIME Typical 12 ms Typical 8 ms CONSTANT ACCURACY ±5°C or ±5% of reading ±2°C or ±2% of reading
8.2 Camera properties impacting high speed capture It is a misconception that image frequency (frame rate) is the most significant specification impacting high speed thermal image capture. The detector time constant, F-number and NETD are the specifications that have the greatest impact on image quality in these cases. The thermal time constant is a measure of how quickly the infrared detector itself reacts to fast changes in the incoming radiation. It is completely unrelated to the frame rate. Faster frame rates will often simply allow a greater number of “bad” images to be captured, without improving the image quality in any way.
8.3 Explanation of uncooled micro bolometer sensor cameras The A65 and A655sc are both uncooled micro bolometer detector cameras. Uncooled cameras are lower cost, smaller, lighter and have lower power consumption than cooled cameras. The pixels of an uncooled camera are made from a material whose electrical resistance changes significantly with temperature. The most common materials for this application are Vanadium Oxide or Amorphous Silicon. Thermal energy is focused on the pixel and the pixel physically heats up or cools down. Since the resistance of the pixel varies with temperature, its value can be measured and mapped back to the target temperature via a calibration process. Each pixel of the sensor has a finite mass and hence a thermal time constant. Time constants for modern micro bolometer cameras are generally between 8-12 ms. However, this does not mean that the pixel can be read out every 8-12 ms and provide an accurate answer. The rule of thumb for a first order system responding to step input is that it takes five time constants to reach steady state (i.e. within 1% of final value).
One way to understand a micro bolometer detector’s time response is to think about two buckets of water. One bucket is full of well-stirred ice water at 0°C and the other is at a rapid boil at 100°C. If we allow a micro bolometer camera with a 10ms time constant to stare at the ice water and then instantaneously switch to the boiling water (a 100°C step input), the plot of the resulting temperature would look like the below graph.
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The detector half time, is the time taken to reach one half of its final value. This is described in physics as: Half time = loge(2) x time constant
This simplifies to approximately 0.69 x time constant. Here we see that the micro bolometer reports 50°C at 7ms, or one half time, 75°C at two half times, 87.5°C at three half times etc. If we tried to read out this micro bolometer at the equivalent of 100 frames/sec or 10ms, the camera would report back 63°C and have an error of 37°C. The camera would accurately report the temperature of the pixel, but the pixel would not have reached the temperature of the scene that it was looking at. In general, it doesn’t make sense to run uncooled micro bolometers faster than about 30 frames/sec.
88.4 Motion blur and relative temperature analysis As explained in the analysis method, alarming of potential defects is based around relative, rather than absolute, temperature measurements. Because of this, if the pixel temperature reading has not fully reached the temperature of the scene it will have a lesser impact on the analysis. However, it will still have an impact. For example;
• There is a step change in temperature reading when an axle passes through the frame• From a background temperature of 20°C, left brake is 146°C and right brake is 120°C• In a perfect system, this would identify a temperature difference of 26°C and trigger and alarm
based on a 20°C differential threshold• However, if we have a time constant of 12ms and read out the frame at 16.7ms (60Hz) the
Half time is 0.69 x 12 ms = 8.28ms Half time per frame read is 16.67 / 8.28 ≈ 2 Therefore, around two half times or 75% Left brake reading is (146 – 20) x 0.75 = 94.5°C Right brake reading is (120 – 20) x 0.75 = 75°C Differential temperature is 94.5 – 75 = 19.5°C This would not trigger an alarm based on a 20°C differential threshold
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• One method to reduce this effect is to base the alarm threshold on a percentage of the measured temperature, rather than on an absolute threshold temperature.
88.5 Cooled detector cameras Cooled thermal imaging detectors are fundamentally different to uncooled systems. These cameras are also known as “photonic” detectors and measure infrared radiation by counting incoming photons of energy, rather than requiring individual pixel elements to increase in temperature.
Thermal imaging cameras with a cooled detector offer some advantages over thermal imaging cameras with an uncooled detector. However, they are more expensive. A modern cooled thermal imaging camera has an imaging sensor that is integrated with a cryocooler, which lowers the sensor temperature to cryogenic temperatures. This reduction in sensor temperature is necessary to reduce thermally-induced noise to a level below that of the signal from the scene being imaged.
For some high-speed applications, a cooled thermal imaging camera will be required.
Cryocoolers have moving parts made to extremely close mechanical tolerances that wear out over time, as well as helium gas that slowly works its way past gas seals. Eventually a rebuild for the cryocooler is required after 10,000-13,000 hours of operation. This is usually managed as part of a cameras annual service and calibration check process.
8.6 Lens specification Some images did not capture the left and right wheel within the one frame. This was due to the relatively narrow angle of the lens used during the trial (45° horizontal FOV). Future system implementations should use a wider field of view lens (i.e. >80° horizontal FOV) to ensure that both wheels are always captured and analysis box placement can be more flexible.
Using two narrower field of view cameras to capture each side of the truck was considered as an option. However, this would require absolute calibrations of the cameras be closely aligned and require very tight timing parameters.
The lane width where the cameras are likely to be installed is 3.5m. Cameras will be installed on an angle to give a better view of the vehicle underside. The overall field of view of the camera will be around 4m wide.
All cameras specified have approximately one megapixel detector size, i.e. 640x480. Over 4m width, this means that each pixel is around 6.25mm2 in size. As a rule of thumb, for all thermal imaging cameras, it is important to have 4x4 pixels (16 pixels) covering any measurement spot. This relates to the detector element size (i.e. 17μm) vs the incoming radiation wavelength (i.e. 12μm). This means that we will have a minimum measureable spot size of around 25mm2, this measurement spot size is suitable for the application.
The pixel size is also known as the iFoV, or instantaneous field of view. The iFoV is calculated as the pixel size (17μm) divided by the lens focal length (i.e. 17μm ÷ 13.1mm 1.29 mrad). The number in mrad, or milliradians, is a useful value because it enables the pixel size at a given distance to be calculated easily – simply multiply the distance in meters by the iFoV in mrad. For example, at 1m = 1.29mm, at 2m = 2.59mm, 4m = 5.19mm, 10m = 12.9mm etc.
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Schedule 2 – Quote Response FormSupplier Name AZH Consulting PTY LTD
Supplier ABN 22615844954
Contact Details Zoe Hamidi
Title RFQ - Field Trial and Report for modern portable weigh scales
1. Nominated Personnel toperform the Services
Zoe Hamidi Rate per day Ex GST
2. Nominated Personnel toperform the Services
Ali Hamidi Rate per day Ex GST
Fixed Price Offer (if applicable)
$219,250 excluding GST
Proposed Commencement Date
At the date of quote acceptance
Proposed Deliverable Date Quarter 3 2018 or until all required sampled size is met
Terms Our quote is based on the terms of the Contract referred to in the RFQ. No other terms will apply (including any standard terms which may be attached to our Quote or on our invoices).
Declaration We agree to comply with the NSW Government’s Procurement Policy Framework and the Roads & Maritime Statement of Business Ethics. There have been no findings of dishonest, unfair, unconscionable, corrupt or illegal conduct by us or any of our directors, executives or senior managers other than those (if any) expressly disclosed in our Quote.
Signed
…………………………………………. …………………………Signed Dated
Name of signatory Zoe Hamidi
Position/Title Director
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INVOICEAZH Consulting Pty Ltd
ABN: 22615844954
PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
Phone:
Email: [email protected]
Attn: Jai Singh Client: Roads And Maritime
Services PO Reference # : 4200006093Invoice # : RMS001Quote # : RMS001Date of Issue: 02/02/2017 Payment due by: 02/03/2017
Invoice for IMC/FLIR Thermal Camera Field Trial and Scoping Study
Service/Goods Description Quantity Price TotalField Trial at RMS selected site(s): FLIR A615 brake & tyre compliancescanner.Scoping Study – FLIR A615 brake & tyre compliance scanner. With theunderstanding that RMS is currently investigating automated thermal scanning technologies to detect potentially defective heavy vehicle axles (tyres, brakesand wheel hubs).
1 $29,000 excluding GST
$29,000 excluding GST
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INVOICEAZH Consulting Pty Ltd
ABN: 22615844954
PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
Phone:
Email: [email protected]
Attn: Jai Singh Client: Roads And Maritime
Services PO Reference # : 4200006093Invoice # : RMS001Quote # : RMS001Date of Issue: 02/02/2017 Payment due by: 02/03/2017
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INVOICEAZH Consulting Pty Ltd
ABN: 22615844954
PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
Phone:
Email: [email protected]
Attn: Jai Singh Client: Roads And Maritime
Services PO Reference # : 4200006076Invoice # : RMS002Quote # : RMS002Date of Issue: 01/03/2017 Payment due by: 01/04/2017
Invoice for SICK High Speed Dimension Scanner Field Trial and Scoping Study
Service/Goods Description Quantity Price TotalField Trial at RMS selected site(s): Over-dimension vehicle enforcement using SICK high-speed ‘Freeflow Profiling System’.Scoping Study: Over-dimension vehicle enforcement using SICK high-speed FPS. With the understanding that RMS is currently investigating automated vehicle over-dimension screening technologies to enforce heavy vehicle over dimensionregulations in NSW.
1 $29,000 excluding GST
$29,000 excluding GST
GST $2,900Sub-Total $31,900
Payment Details: Bank Transfer: AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, BSB 032108, A/C Payment Advice: Please email payment details (including date and amount) to [email protected]/money order: Please mail your order payable to AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
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INVOICEAZH Consulting Pty Ltd
ABN: 22615844954
PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
Phone:
Email: [email protected]
Attn: Jai Singh Client: Roads And Maritime
Services PO Reference # : 4200006076Invoice # : RMS002Quote # : RMS002Date of Issue: 01/03/2017 Payment due by: 01/04/2017
Invoice for SICK High Speed Dimension Scanner Field Trial and Scoping Study
Service/Goods Description Quantity Price TotalField Trial at RMS selected site(s): Over-dimension vehicle enforcement using SICK high-speed ‘Freeflow Profiling System’.Scoping Study: Over-dimension vehicle enforcement using SICK high-speed FPS. With the understanding that RMS is currently investigating automated vehicle over-dimension screening technologies to enforce heavy vehicle over dimensionregulations in NSW.
1 $29,000 excluding GST
$29,000 excluding GST
GST $2,900Sub-Total $31,900
Payment Details: Bank Transfer: AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, BSB 032108, A/C Payment Advice: Please email payment details (including date and amount) to [email protected]/money order: Please mail your order payable to AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
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INVOICEAZH Consulting Pty Ltd
ABN: 22615844954
PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
Phone:
Email: [email protected]
Attn: Jai Singh Client: Roads And Maritime
Services PO Reference # : 4200006283Invoice # : RMS003Quote # : RMS003Date of Issue: 13/03/2017 Payment due by: 13/04/2017
Invoice for TIRTL & Optris thermal scanner integration field trial and scoping study
Service/Goods Description Quantity Price TotalField Trial at Mt Ousley Road South-Bound: TIRTL & Optris thermal scannerintegration field trial and scoping study.Scoping Study: TIRTL & Optris thermal scanner integration trial. With theunderstanding that RMS is currently investigating automated thermal scanningtechnologies to detect potentially defective heavy vehicle axles (tyres, brakesand wheel hubs) at Mt Ousley Road South-Bound.
1 $30,000 excluding GST
$30,000 excluding GST
GST $3000Sub-Total $33,000
Payment Details: Bank Transfer: AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, BSB 032108, A/C Payment Advice: Please email payment details (including date and amount) to [email protected]/money order: Please mail your order payable to AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
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INVOICEAZH Consulting Pty Ltd
ABN: 22615844954
PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
Phone:
Email: [email protected]
Attn: Jai Singh Client: Roads And Maritime
Services PO Reference # : 4200006283Invoice # : RMS003Quote # : RMS003Date of Issue: 13/03/2017 Payment due by: 13/04/2017
Invoice for TIRTL & Optris thermal scanner integration field trial and scoping study
Service/Goods Description Quantity Price TotalField Trial at Mt Ousley Road South-Bound: TIRTL & Optris thermal scannerintegration field trial and scoping study.Scoping Study: TIRTL & Optris thermal scanner integration trial. With theunderstanding that RMS is currently investigating automated thermal scanningtechnologies to detect potentially defective heavy vehicle axles (tyres, brakesand wheel hubs) at Mt Ousley Road South-Bound.
1 $30,000 excluding GST
$30,000 excluding GST
GST $3000Sub-Total $33,000
Payment Details: Bank Transfer: AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, BSB 032108, A/C Payment Advice: Please email payment details (including date and amount) to [email protected]/money order: Please mail your order payable to AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
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Class 1 Contract
Contract No/ID :
Contract Description :
17.0000302935.0315
Contract Commencement Date :
operational enforcement hardware R&D/trials
15/03/2017
Period of Contract: 12
Contractor: AZH CONSULTING PTY. LTD.
Contractor Address: AZH CONSULTING PTY. LTD., ,NSW, 2154
Trading Name:
Trading Name Address:
Estimated Payable ($ Incl GST) :
Method of Tendering: Multi Stage (Prequalified / Registered)
$ 99,000.00
Disclosure of Information
weeks
Equip Contract No : 17.0000302935.0315
Particulars of any related body corporate (within the meaning of the Corporations Act 2001 of theCommonwealth) in respect of the contractor, or any other private sector entity in which the contractorhas an interest, that will be involved in carrying out any of the contractor's obligations under thecontract or will receive a benefit under the contract
no Particulars of any related body corporate in respect of the contractor, or any other private sector entity inwhich the contractor has an interest, that will be involved in carrying out any of the contractor's obligationsunder the contract or will receive a benefit under the contract
A description of any provisions under which the amount payable to the contractor may be varied
no provisions under which the amount payable to the contractor may be varied
A description of any provisions with respect to the renegotiation of the contract
no provisions with respect to the renegotiation of the contract
In the case of a contract arising from a tendering process, a summary of the criteria against which thevarious tenders were assessed
tendered according to R&D requirements for enforcement systems.
Page 1 of 2
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A description of any provisions under which it is agreed that the contractor is to receive payment forproviding operational or maintenance services
no provisions under which it is agreed that the contractor is to receive payment for providing operational ormaintenance services
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ABN: 22615844954
Address: PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
PHONE:
Email: [email protected]
Prepared by: Zoe HamidiCustomer
Roads and Maritime Services99 Phillip st Parramatta NSW 2150
02 Scope of Works
AZH Consulting are pleased to provide a fixed price fee for all technology/hardware trials and scoping studies.
Inclusions of all trials/scoping studies are as follows:
.1 Field Trials at RMS selected site(s).
.2 Scoping Study Report based on RMS requirements for each respective technology being trialled.
.3 Field trial requirements:• Adverse weather conditions.• Accuracy of respective technologies being trialled.
.4 Report on:• As defined by RMS for each respective scoping study/trial
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
1. Customer will be invoiced after indicating acceptance of this quote2. Payment will be due prior to delivery of service and goods
Customer Acceptance (sign below):x ___________________________________________Print Name:
QUOTE
DATE: 15th March 2017
QUOTE # RMS06
Customer ID RMSValid Until: 15th April 2017
Fixed Bulk Price GST
$30,000 $3000
[42] Subtotal $33,000.00
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FLIR Thermal Camera: Field Trial and Scoping Study
1
FLIR Thermal Camera: Field Trial and Scoping Study
for Roads & Maritime Services heavy vehicle brake and tyre defect detection.
15th March 2017.
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FLIR Thermal Camera: Field Trial and Scoping Study
2
1. PURPOSE 3
2. BACKGROUND 3
3. TECHNOLOGY AND THEORY 4
4. METHOD 4
5. RESULTS 6
6. CONCLUSION 12
7. PROPOSAL FOR FUTURE AUTOMATED INSPECTION SYSTEM 13
8. APPENDIX 1 – IMAGING FAST MOVING OBJECTS 16
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FLIR Thermal Camera: Field Trial and Scoping Study
3
11. PurposeThis report details the trial conducted for the Roads & Maritime Services (RMS), which tested the efficacy of thermal imaging technology for assessing potential defects on heavy vehicles. The trial was conducted over during the month of February 2017, at the Picton Road heavy vehicle inspection station near Wilton NSW 2571.
Currently the inspection of vehicles is on a randomised basis. Each vehicle inspection takes around thirty minutes and the number of vehicles inspected is a very small percentage of the total vehicles travelling on the road. Over the two full days of trials, fourteen trucks were inspected by the team.
An automated thermal inspection system will allow trucks with potential defects to be identified for manual inspection. This would allow the inspectors’ time to be used more effectively, by allowing targeted rather than random inspections to take place.
The methods used and the results of the trial are summarised within this report, along with a summary of how the technology can be applied for automated inspection.
2. BackgroundDuring the 12 months to the end of June 2016, 208 people died from 182 fatal crashes involving heavy trucks or buses. These included:
• 111 deaths from 96 crashes involving articulated trucks• 79 deaths from 68 crashes involving heavy rigid trucks• 25 deaths from 22 crashes involving buses.
Statistics published January 2014 show that one in seven (15%) single heavy vehicle crashes had an equipment failure reported for that truck. Of these faults, brake failure made up 16%, tyre failure made up 22% and wheel/suspension failure made up 6% of documented incidents. Thermal imaging has the potential to detect these types of faults, which equate to 44% of total equipment related failures.
Source http://roadsafety.transport.nsw.gov.au/downloads/heavy-truck-crash-data0114.pdf
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33. Technology and TheoryThermal imaging cameras, such as the FLIR A615, detect and display differences in temperatures by detecting the intensity of thermal radiation. The FLIR A615 thermal imaging camera can accurately measure the temperature of more than 300,000 separate points, simultaneously. The raw sensor data from the camera is sent to an industrial processor, over Ethernet connection, where the processor assesses and analyses the images, in real-time.
Preliminary investigations have determined that conditions such as malfunctioning brakes, overheated bearings and other tire risks, can be detected by thermal anomalies that are identifiable by the thermal imaging camera. For example, defective or non-functioning brakes are typically colder than a vehicle's operational brakes. This difference is clearly visible on a thermal image.
4. MethodDuring the trial, the camera was mounted in the centre of the road as shown below. The camera used was a Flir A655sc with 45° horizontal field of view lens. Thermal footage was captured over two days with a variety of different truck types. Anomalies detected by the system were flagged with the RMS inspection staff for further investigation.
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5
Tests were also performed to determine the ability of the FLIR line of cameras to capture fast moving vehicles. Cameras were set up as shown below for a view of trucks travelling more than 80km/h.
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55. ResultsA total of fourteen trucks were analysed with five trucks showing signs of a fault. All five trucks identified by the thermal camera as showing a fault, were verified as genuine defects by the inspectors during manual examination. The thermal imaging system made no false detections.
5.1 Analysis methodAlarming was based on differential temperature variances. An area box was placed on either side of the image frame; each box captured one wheel as it passed through the frame. The maximum temperature within the area was calculated and trended over time.
If brakes are functioning correctly the differential in maximum temperature measured for the left and right wheel will be within a small window, for example 5°C. If the differential between the left and right “area maximum” varied by more than 20°C this identified a potential fault condition.
One of the major benefits of the “relative” thermal differential approach, rather than alarming based on absolute thresholds, is that the system does not need to be adjusted for system and environmental variables (i.e. ambient temperature, speed of vehicle etc.). This technique is used successfully for many thermographic inspection systems in process control applications.
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FLIR Thermal Camera: Field Trial and Scoping Study
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55.2 Table of resultsThe table below summarises the captured thermal video files and the results of analysis. All video files were captured with full radiometric data enabling further detailed analysis in post processing. Note: ‘X’ indicates that an axle was unable to be read. This resulted from factors such as inadequate camera field of view or obscured vision, see appendix discussion of lens selection.
Truck NumberFile Number Axles Ax1 Diff Ax2 Diff Ax3 Diff Ax4 Diff Ax5 Diff Ax6 Diff2017-02- 02T091637382.fcf 1 6 11.9 7 4 0 1 12017-02- 02T092942689.fcf 2 5 X 4 7 9 12017-02- 02T094709546.fcf 3 3 2 2 02017-02- 02T100302610.fcf 4 6 1 X X 3 22 02017-02- 02T103138685.fcf 5 3 4 4 22017-02- 02T103447682.fcf 5 3 3 2 52017-02- 02T104200283.fcf 6 1 02017-02- 02T105137703.fcf 6 1 12017-02- 02T112053873.fcf 7 3 0 3 22017-02- 02T113717593.fcf 8 3 X 10 02017-02- 02T114221072.fcf 9 6 4 5 6 1 9 X2017-02- 02T130256151.fcf 10 4 5 5 7 X2017-02- 03T084059345.fcf 11 6 21 11 18 X X X2017-02- 03T093507925.fcf 12 2 X 42017-02- 03T094314759.fcf 13 3 23 10 3 3 51 252017-02- 03T101724303.fcf 14 6 26 8 0 20 7 10
5.3 Image analysisThe image sequence of truck four below shows the final three axles (six axle truck). The temperature difference between the brake on each side of axle five can clearly be seen.
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The image below shows the final three axles of truck five. The temperature difference on these axles is less than 10°C
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The image below shows the final two axles of truck nine. The temperature difference between the brakes on these axles is 40°C. The truck was grounded as a result of this discovery.
The image sequence below shows the final two axles of truck thirteen. The large temperature difference on axles five and six can clearly be seen.
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All graphs above show the “area maximum” values from each area box trended over time, as the truck moves over the camera. The peaks in the response show the points where each axle (pair of wheels) move through the analysis boxes. The peaks for left and right align closely for good functioning brake sets. For malfunctioning brake sets the differential between these peaks is significant.
In one case seen during the trial, the peaks for both wheels of an axle correlated closely. However, the peaks were both significantly lower than the peaks for the immediately prior and following axles. This indicated a brake issue for both wheels on the axle. This highlighted the requirement for a secondary analysis mechanism to identify this type of potential defect, see discussion and recommendations below.
55.4 High speed resultsThe images below show a side view of trucks travelling more than 80km/h. Images were taken with three different cameras; A65, A655sc and A6753sc. Both uncooled micro bolometer based cameras performed poorly for the high-speed tests. The rolling shutter type effect on both the A65 and A615 results in significant distortion of images. The cooled detector of the A6753sc enables very clear images to be captured. An explanation of these results and the camera attributes that impact high speed imaging is given in the appendix of this document. Note: quality of high speed images is NOT linked to camera frame rate – see appendix for detailed explanation.
FLIR A65
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66. ConclusionThermal imaging technology can effectively identify truck brake issues when monitoring the underbody of a passing vehicle. All anomalies detected by the trial system were confirmed by RMS inspectors and the system made no “false positive” detections.
Differential temperature between the left and right wheel, within a single frame from the camera, was an effective analysis method. Identifying non-functioning brake sets for an entire axle will also require analysis of temperatures for leading and trailing wheels.
Truck speed has a significant impact on image quality. Selecting a suitable camera for each installation location will be important to ensure accurate results.
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77. Proposal for future Automated Inspection SystemThe automated thermal inspection system will scan all trucks, rather than a small sample set. It will identify and flag any truck with a potential defect, alerting the RMS roadside inspectors of a probable fault so that a manual inspection can be carried out. This will allow targeted rather than random inspections to take place, improving the value of inspection time, increasing defect detection rates and improving overall road safety.
7.1 Camera selectionThe developed system is compatible with most cameras within the FLIR A-Series range. This will allow different cameras to be used in different locations to maximise the price benefit of each installation. For example:
• <20km/hr vehicle speed = 75007-0101 FLIR A65, 7.5mm FOV 90° × 69°= this camera can be used inareas where vehicle speed is slow and/or installation is within a tightly confined space
• <50km/hr vehicle speed = 55001-0105 FLIR A615, 6.5mm FOV 80° × 64.4° (92.8° diagonal) = thiscamera will be the standard unit used
• <120km/hr vehicle speed = FLIR A6650 13mm (low distortion) = this camera can be used in areaswhere vehicles are travelling at very high speeds or very accurate measurements are required
See appendix notes on high speed imaging and lens selection for detail on the reasoning behind the cameras selected.
7.2 Analysis methodsEach brake/wheel will be assessed against the brake/wheel on the opposite side (i.e. left vs right) and against the leading and trailing brake/wheel (i.e. axle 5 left side compared to axle 4 and 6 left side). The assessment will be made based on a relative temperature differential comparing the maximum measured temperature for each brake/wheel. The alarm threshold will be determined by a percentage of measured temperature peak, rather than an absolute temperature differential. See appendix note on motion blur and relative temperature differentials.
7.3 System inputsThe system will ideally require trigger inputs from supporting infrastructure, such as the CEOS TIRTL system. The inputs required are triggers for:
• Vehicle start• Wheel set 1• Wheel set 2
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• Wheel set 3• Wheel set xxxx etc.• Vehicle finish
77.4 Physical installationThe fixed placement inspection system will consist of a camera installed within the road surface. The camera will be located 500m – 1km prior to the inspection station so that, if a defect is detected, the truck can be directed to stop for further manual inspection.
Infrared radiation can transmit through an appropriately specified wire mesh with minimal signal degradation. The proposed design will use a wire mesh, coated with non-slip grip surface on the upper side. This will ensure the surface is safe for motorists to cross. An extensive design review and testing of this aspect of the system will be required before a system rollout.
Cables within the road will connect the camera to a road side control box. The control box will be low powered, enabling solar powered operation if no primary power source is available.
A wireless connection to the inspection station will be enabled to allow RMS inspection staff to be alerted to an approaching, potentially defective vehicle.
The following render represents a potential layout of the fixed placement inspection system.
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77.5 Interface to RMS systemsThe system will provide flexible and open interfaces to other systems. For example, the following outputs can be made available if required:
• RMS Truckscan system• SMS and email based alarming and diagnostics• Serial communication over RS232/RS485• IP network communication and alarms• SQL data base and image library• Analogue outputs, e.g. 4-20mA temperature levels• Digital relay contact outputs for alarms• Interfaces to suit proprietary systems
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88. Appendix 1 – Imaging Fast Moving Objects
8.1 A65 vs A655scIn high-speed testing, images from the A655sc were better than those from the A65. The table below highlights the specifications of each camera.
PRODUCT NAME FLIR A65 F=13 MM FLIR A655SC 45°IR RESOLUTION 640 × 512 pixels 640 × 480 pixelsTHERMAL < 0.05°C @ +30°C / 50 mK < 0.03°C @ +30°C / 30 mKSENSITIVITY/NETDFIELD OF VIEW (FOV) 45° × 37° 45° × 34° (55° diagonal)FOCAL LENGTH 13 mm 13.1 mmSPATIAL RESOLUTION 1.31 mrad 1.23 mrad(IFOV)F-NUMBER 1.25 1.0IMAGE FREQUENCY 30 Hz 50 Hz (100/200 Hz with windowing)DETECTOR TIME Typical 12 ms Typical 8 msCONSTANTACCURACY ±5°C or ±5% of reading ±2°C or ±2% of reading
8.2 Camera properties impacting high speed captureIt is a misconception that image frequency (frame rate) is the most significant specification impacting high speed thermal image capture. The detector time constant, F-number and NETD are the specifications that have the greatest impact on image quality in these cases. The thermal time constant is a measure of how quickly the infrared detector itself reacts to fast changes in the incoming radiation. It is completely unrelated to the frame rate. Faster frame rates will often simply allow a greater number of “bad” images to be captured, without improving the image quality in any way.
8.3 Explanation of uncooled micro bolometer sensor camerasThe A65 and A655sc are both uncooled micro bolometer detector cameras. Uncooled cameras are lower cost, smaller, lighter and have lower power consumption than cooled cameras. The pixels of an uncooled camera are made from a material whose electrical resistance changes significantly with temperature. The most common materials for this application are Vanadium Oxide or Amorphous Silicon. Thermal energy is focused on the pixel and the pixel physically heats up or cools down. Since the resistance of the pixel varies with temperature, its value can be measured and mapped back to the target temperature via a calibration process. Each pixel of the sensor has a finite mass and hence a thermal time constant. Time constants for modern micro bolometer cameras are generally between 8-12 ms. However, this does not mean that the pixel can be read out every 8-12 ms and provide an accurate answer. The rule of thumb for a first order system responding to step input is that it takes five time constants to reach steady state (i.e. within 1% of final value).
One way to understand a micro bolometer detector’s time response is to think about two buckets of water. One bucket is full of well-stirred ice water at 0°C and the other is at a rapid boil at 100°C. If we allow a micro bolometer camera with a 10ms time constant to stare at the ice water and then instantaneously switch to the boiling water (a 100°C step input), the plot of the resulting temperature would look like the below graph.
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The detector half time, is the time taken to reach one half of its final value. This is described in physics as:Half time = loge(2) x time constant
This simplifies to approximately 0.69 x time constant. Here we see that the micro bolometer reports 50°C at 7ms, or one half time, 75°C at two half times, 87.5°C at three half times etc. If we tried to read out this micro bolometer at the equivalent of 100 frames/sec or 10ms, the camera would report back 63°C and have an error of 37°C. The camera would accurately report the temperature of the pixel, but the pixel would not have reached the temperature of the scene that it was looking at. In general, it doesn’t make sense to run uncooled micro bolometers faster than about 30 frames/sec.
88.4 Motion blur and relative temperature analysisAs explained in the analysis method, alarming of potential defects is based around relative, rather than absolute, temperature measurements. Because of this, if the pixel temperature reading has not fully reached the temperature of the scene it will have a lesser impact on the analysis. However, it will still have an impact. For example;
• There is a step change in temperature reading when an axle passes through the frame• From a background temperature of 20°C, left brake is 146°C and right brake is 120°C• In a perfect system, this would identify a temperature difference of 26°C and trigger and alarm
based on a 20°C differential threshold• However, if we have a time constant of 12ms and read out the frame at 16.7ms (60Hz) the
Half time is 0.69 x 12 ms = 8.28msHalf time per frame read is 16.67 / 8.28 ≈ 2Therefore, around two half times or 75%Left brake reading is (146 – 20) x 0.75 = 94.5°CRight brake reading is (120 – 20) x 0.75 = 75°CDifferential temperature is 94.5 – 75 = 19.5°CThis would not trigger an alarm based on a 20°C differential threshold
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• One method to reduce this effect is to base the alarm threshold on a percentage of the measuredtemperature, rather than on an absolute threshold temperature.
88.5 Cooled detector camerasCooled thermal imaging detectors are fundamentally different to uncooled systems. These cameras are also known as “photonic” detectors and measure infrared radiation by counting incoming photons of energy, rather than requiring individual pixel elements to increase in temperature.
Thermal imaging cameras with a cooled detector offer some advantages over thermal imaging cameras with an uncooled detector. However, they are more expensive. A modern cooled thermal imaging camera has an imaging sensor that is integrated with a cryocooler, which lowers the sensor temperature to cryogenic temperatures. This reduction in sensor temperature is necessary to reduce thermally-induced noise to a level below that of the signal from the scene being imaged.
For some high-speed applications, a cooled thermal imaging camera will be required.
Cryocoolers have moving parts made to extremely close mechanical tolerances that wear out over time, as well as helium gas that slowly works its way past gas seals. Eventually a rebuild for the cryocooler is required after 10,000-13,000 hours of operation. This is usually managed as part of a cameras annual service and calibration check process.
8.6 Lens specificationSome images did not capture the left and right wheel within the one frame. This was due to the relatively narrow angle of the lens used during the trial (45° horizontal FOV). Future system implementations should use a wider field of view lens (i.e. >80° horizontal FOV) to ensure that both wheels are always captured and analysis box placement can be more flexible.
Using two narrower field of view cameras to capture each side of the truck was considered as an option. However, this would require absolute calibrations of the cameras be closely aligned and require very tight timing parameters.
The lane width where the cameras are likely to be installed is 3.5m. Cameras will be installed on an angle to give a better view of the vehicle underside. The overall field of view of the camera will be around 4m wide.
All cameras specified have approximately one megapixel detector size, i.e. 640x480. Over 4m width, this means that each pixel is around 6.25mm2 in size. As a rule of thumb, for all thermal imaging cameras, it is important to have 4x4 pixels (16 pixels) covering any measurement spot. This relates to the detector element size (i.e. 17μm) vs the incoming radiation wavelength (i.e. 12μm). This means that we will have a minimum measureable spot size of around 25mm2, this measurement spot size is suitable for the application.
The pixel size is also known as the iFoV, or instantaneous field of view. The iFoV is calculated as the pixel size (17μm) divided by the lens focal length (i.e. 17μm ÷ 13.1mm 1.29 mrad). The number in mrad, or milliradians, is a useful value because it enables the pixel size at a given distance to be calculated easily – simply multiply the distance in meters by the iFoV in mrad. For example, at 1m = 1.29mm, at 2m = 2.59mm, 4m = 5.19mm, 10m = 12.9mm etc.
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FLIR Thermal Camera: Field Trial and Scoping Study
for Roads & Maritime Services heavy vehicle brake and tyre defect detection.
15th March 2017.
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1. PURPOSE 3
2. BACKGROUND 3
3. TECHNOLOGY AND THEORY 4
4. METHOD 4
5. RESULTS 6
6. CONCLUSION 12
7. PROPOSAL FOR FUTURE AUTOMATED INSPECTION SYSTEM 13
8. APPENDIX 1 – IMAGING FAST MOVING OBJECTS 16
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11. PurposeThis report details the trial conducted for the Roads & Maritime Services (RMS), which tested the efficacy of thermal imaging technology for assessing potential defects on heavy vehicles. The trial was conducted over during the month of February 2017, at the Picton Road heavy vehicle inspection station near Wilton NSW 2571.
Currently the inspection of vehicles is on a randomised basis. Each vehicle inspection takes around thirty minutes and the number of vehicles inspected is a very small percentage of the total vehicles travelling on the road. Over the two full days of trials, fourteen trucks were inspected by the team.
An automated thermal inspection system will allow trucks with potential defects to be identified for manual inspection. This would allow the inspectors’ time to be used more effectively, by allowing targeted rather than random inspections to take place.
The methods used and the results of the trial are summarised within this report, along with a summary of how the technology can be applied for automated inspection.
2. BackgroundDuring the 12 months to the end of June 2016, 208 people died from 182 fatal crashes involving heavy trucks or buses. These included:
• 111 deaths from 96 crashes involving articulated trucks• 79 deaths from 68 crashes involving heavy rigid trucks• 25 deaths from 22 crashes involving buses.
Statistics published January 2014 show that one in seven (15%) single heavy vehicle crashes had an equipment failure reported for that truck. Of these faults, brake failure made up 16%, tyre failure made up 22% and wheel/suspension failure made up 6% of documented incidents. Thermal imaging has the potential to detect these types of faults, which equate to 44% of total equipment related failures.
Source http://roadsafety.transport.nsw.gov.au/downloads/heavy-truck-crash-data0114.pdf
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33. Technology and TheoryThermal imaging cameras, such as the FLIR A615, detect and display differences in temperatures by detecting the intensity of thermal radiation. The FLIR A615 thermal imaging camera can accurately measure the temperature of more than 300,000 separate points, simultaneously. The raw sensor data from the camera is sent to an industrial processor, over Ethernet connection, where the processor assesses and analyses the images, in real-time.
Preliminary investigations have determined that conditions such as malfunctioning brakes, overheated bearings and other tire risks, can be detected by thermal anomalies that are identifiable by the thermal imaging camera. For example, defective or non-functioning brakes are typically colder than a vehicle's operational brakes. This difference is clearly visible on a thermal image.
4. MethodDuring the trial, the camera was mounted in the centre of the road as shown below. The camera used was a Flir A655sc with 45° horizontal field of view lens. Thermal footage was captured over two days with a variety of different truck types. Anomalies detected by the system were flagged with the RMS inspection staff for further investigation.
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Tests were also performed to determine the ability of the FLIR line of cameras to capture fast moving vehicles. Cameras were set up as shown below for a view of trucks travelling more than 80km/h.
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55. ResultsA total of fourteen trucks were analysed with five trucks showing signs of a fault. All five trucks identified by the thermal camera as showing a fault, were verified as genuine defects by the inspectors during manual examination. The thermal imaging system made no false detections.
5.1 Analysis methodAlarming was based on differential temperature variances. An area box was placed on either side of the image frame; each box captured one wheel as it passed through the frame. The maximum temperature within the area was calculated and trended over time.
If brakes are functioning correctly the differential in maximum temperature measured for the left and right wheel will be within a small window, for example 5°C. If the differential between the left and right “area maximum” varied by more than 20°C this identified a potential fault condition.
One of the major benefits of the “relative” thermal differential approach, rather than alarming based on absolute thresholds, is that the system does not need to be adjusted for system and environmental variables (i.e. ambient temperature, speed of vehicle etc.). This technique is used successfully for many thermographic inspection systems in process control applications.
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55.2 Table of resultsThe table below summarises the captured thermal video files and the results of analysis. All video files were captured with full radiometric data enabling further detailed analysis in post processing. Note: ‘X’ indicates that an axle was unable to be read. This resulted from factors such as inadequate camera field of view or obscured vision, see appendix discussion of lens selection.
Truck NumberFile Number Axles Ax1 Diff Ax2 Diff Ax3 Diff Ax4 Diff Ax5 Diff Ax6 Diff2017-02- 02T091637382.fcf 1 6 11.9 7 4 0 1 12017-02- 02T092942689.fcf 2 5 X 4 7 9 12017-02- 02T094709546.fcf 3 3 2 2 02017-02- 02T100302610.fcf 4 6 1 X X 3 22 02017-02- 02T103138685.fcf 5 3 4 4 22017-02- 02T103447682.fcf 5 3 3 2 52017-02- 02T104200283.fcf 6 1 02017-02- 02T105137703.fcf 6 1 12017-02- 02T112053873.fcf 7 3 0 3 22017-02- 02T113717593.fcf 8 3 X 10 02017-02- 02T114221072.fcf 9 6 4 5 6 1 9 X2017-02- 02T130256151.fcf 10 4 5 5 7 X2017-02- 03T084059345.fcf 11 6 21 11 18 X X X2017-02- 03T093507925.fcf 12 2 X 42017-02- 03T094314759.fcf 13 3 23 10 3 3 51 252017-02- 03T101724303.fcf 14 6 26 8 0 20 7 10
5.3 Image analysisThe image sequence of truck four below shows the final three axles (six axle truck). The temperature difference between the brake on each side of axle five can clearly be seen.
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The image below shows the final three axles of truck five. The temperature difference on these axles is less than 10°C
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The image below shows the final two axles of truck nine. The temperature difference between the brakes on these axles is 40°C. The truck was grounded as a result of this discovery.
The image sequence below shows the final two axles of truck thirteen. The large temperature difference on axles five and six can clearly be seen.
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All graphs above show the “area maximum” values from each area box trended over time, as the truck moves over the camera. The peaks in the response show the points where each axle (pair of wheels) move through the analysis boxes. The peaks for left and right align closely for good functioning brake sets. For malfunctioning brake sets the differential between these peaks is significant.
In one case seen during the trial, the peaks for both wheels of an axle correlated closely. However, the peaks were both significantly lower than the peaks for the immediately prior and following axles. This indicated a brake issue for both wheels on the axle. This highlighted the requirement for a secondary analysis mechanism to identify this type of potential defect, see discussion and recommendations below.
55.4 High speed resultsThe images below show a side view of trucks travelling more than 80km/h. Images were taken with three different cameras; A65, A655sc and A6753sc. Both uncooled micro bolometer based cameras performed poorly for the high-speed tests. The rolling shutter type effect on both the A65 and A615 results in significant distortion of images. The cooled detector of the A6753sc enables very clear images to be captured. An explanation of these results and the camera attributes that impact high speed imaging is given in the appendix of this document. Note: quality of high speed images is NOT linked to camera frame rate – see appendix for detailed explanation.
FLIR A65
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FLIRA655sc
FLIRA6753sc
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66. ConclusionThermal imaging technology can effectively identify truck brake issues when monitoring the underbody of a passing vehicle. All anomalies detected by the trial system were confirmed by RMS inspectors and the system made no “false positive” detections.
Differential temperature between the left and right wheel, within a single frame from the camera, was an effective analysis method. Identifying non-functioning brake sets for an entire axle will also require analysis of temperatures for leading and trailing wheels.
Truck speed has a significant impact on image quality. Selecting a suitable camera for each installation location will be important to ensure accurate results.
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77. Proposal for future Automated Inspection SystemThe automated thermal inspection system will scan all trucks, rather than a small sample set. It will identify and flag any truck with a potential defect, alerting the RMS roadside inspectors of a probable fault so that a manual inspection can be carried out. This will allow targeted rather than random inspections to take place, improving the value of inspection time, increasing defect detection rates and improving overall road safety.
7.1 Camera selectionThe developed system is compatible with most cameras within the FLIR A-Series range. This will allow different cameras to be used in different locations to maximise the price benefit of each installation. For example:
• <20km/hr vehicle speed = 75007-0101 FLIR A65, 7.5mm FOV 90° × 69°= this camera can be used in areas where vehicle speed is slow and/or installation is within a tightly confined space
• <50km/hr vehicle speed = 55001-0105 FLIR A615, 6.5mm FOV 80° × 64.4° (92.8° diagonal) = this camera will be the standard unit used
• <120km/hr vehicle speed = FLIR A6650 13mm (low distortion) = this camera can be used in areas where vehicles are travelling at very high speeds or very accurate measurements are required
See appendix notes on high speed imaging and lens selection for detail on the reasoning behind the cameras selected.
7.2 Analysis methodsEach brake/wheel will be assessed against the brake/wheel on the opposite side (i.e. left vs right) and against the leading and trailing brake/wheel (i.e. axle 5 left side compared to axle 4 and 6 left side). The assessment will be made based on a relative temperature differential comparing the maximum measured temperature for each brake/wheel. The alarm threshold will be determined by a percentage of measured temperature peak, rather than an absolute temperature differential. See appendix note on motion blur and relative temperature differentials.
7.3 System inputsThe system will ideally require trigger inputs from supporting infrastructure, such as the CEOS TIRTL system. The inputs required are triggers for:
• Vehicle start• Wheel set 1• Wheel set 2
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• Wheel set 3• Wheel set xxxx etc.• Vehicle finish
77.4 Physical installationThe fixed placement inspection system will consist of a camera installed within the road surface. The camera will be located 500m – 1km prior to the inspection station so that, if a defect is detected, the truck can be directed to stop for further manual inspection.
Infrared radiation can transmit through an appropriately specified wire mesh with minimal signal degradation. The proposed design will use a wire mesh, coated with non-slip grip surface on the upper side. This will ensure the surface is safe for motorists to cross. An extensive design review and testing of this aspect of the system will be required before a system rollout.
Cables within the road will connect the camera to a road side control box. The control box will be low powered, enabling solar powered operation if no primary power source is available.
A wireless connection to the inspection station will be enabled to allow RMS inspection staff to be alerted to an approaching, potentially defective vehicle.
The following render represents a potential layout of the fixed placement inspection system.
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77.5 Interface to RMS systemsThe system will provide flexible and open interfaces to other systems. For example, the following outputs can be made available if required:
• RMS Truckscan system• SMS and email based alarming and diagnostics• Serial communication over RS232/RS485• IP network communication and alarms• SQL data base and image library• Analogue outputs, e.g. 4-20mA temperature levels• Digital relay contact outputs for alarms• Interfaces to suit proprietary systems
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88. Appendix 1 – Imaging Fast Moving Objects
8.1 A65 vs A655scIn high-speed testing, images from the A655sc were better than those from the A65. The table below highlights the specifications of each camera.
PRODUCT NAME FLIR A65 F=13 MM FLIR A655SC 45°IR RESOLUTION 640 × 512 pixels 640 × 480 pixelsTHERMAL < 0.05°C @ +30°C / 50 mK < 0.03°C @ +30°C / 30 mKSENSITIVITY/NETDFIELD OF VIEW (FOV) 45° × 37° 45° × 34° (55° diagonal)FOCAL LENGTH 13 mm 13.1 mmSPATIAL RESOLUTION 1.31 mrad 1.23 mrad(IFOV)F-NUMBER 1.25 1.0IMAGE FREQUENCY 30 Hz 50 Hz (100/200 Hz with windowing)DETECTOR TIME Typical 12 ms Typical 8 msCONSTANTACCURACY ±5°C or ±5% of reading ±2°C or ±2% of reading
8.2 Camera properties impacting high speed captureIt is a misconception that image frequency (frame rate) is the most significant specification impacting high speed thermal image capture. The detector time constant, F-number and NETD are the specifications that have the greatest impact on image quality in these cases. The thermal time constant is a measure of how quickly the infrared detector itself reacts to fast changes in the incoming radiation. It is completely unrelated to the frame rate. Faster frame rates will often simply allow a greater number of “bad” images to be captured, without improving the image quality in any way.
8.3 Explanation of uncooled micro bolometer sensor camerasThe A65 and A655sc are both uncooled micro bolometer detector cameras. Uncooled cameras are lower cost, smaller, lighter and have lower power consumption than cooled cameras. The pixels of an uncooled camera are made from a material whose electrical resistance changes significantly with temperature. The most common materials for this application are Vanadium Oxide or Amorphous Silicon. Thermal energy is focused on the pixel and the pixel physically heats up or cools down. Since the resistance of the pixel varies with temperature, its value can be measured and mapped back to the target temperature via a calibration process. Each pixel of the sensor has a finite mass and hence a thermal time constant. Time constants for modern micro bolometer cameras are generally between 8-12 ms. However, this does not mean that the pixel can be read out every 8-12 ms and provide an accurate answer. The rule of thumb for a first order system responding to step input is that it takes five time constants to reach steady state (i.e. within 1% of final value).
One way to understand a micro bolometer detector’s time response is to think about two buckets of water. One bucket is full of well-stirred ice water at 0°C and the other is at a rapid boil at 100°C. If we allow a micro bolometer camera with a 10ms time constant to stare at the ice water and then instantaneously switch to the boiling water (a 100°C step input), the plot of the resulting temperature would look like the below graph.
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The detector half time, is the time taken to reach one half of its final value. This is described in physics as:Half time = loge(2) x time constant
This simplifies to approximately 0.69 x time constant. Here we see that the micro bolometer reports 50°C at 7ms, or one half time, 75°C at two half times, 87.5°C at three half times etc. If we tried to read out this micro bolometer at the equivalent of 100 frames/sec or 10ms, the camera would report back 63°C and have an error of 37°C. The camera would accurately report the temperature of the pixel, but the pixel would not have reached the temperature of the scene that it was looking at. In general, it doesn’t make sense to run uncooled micro bolometers faster than about 30 frames/sec.
88.4 Motion blur and relative temperature analysisAs explained in the analysis method, alarming of potential defects is based around relative, rather than absolute, temperature measurements. Because of this, if the pixel temperature reading has not fully reached the temperature of the scene it will have a lesser impact on the analysis. However, it will still have an impact. For example;
• There is a step change in temperature reading when an axle passes through the frame• From a background temperature of 20°C, left brake is 146°C and right brake is 120°C• In a perfect system, this would identify a temperature difference of 26°C and trigger and alarm
based on a 20°C differential threshold• However, if we have a time constant of 12ms and read out the frame at 16.7ms (60Hz) the
Half time is 0.69 x 12 ms = 8.28msHalf time per frame read is 16.67 / 8.28 ≈ 2Therefore, around two half times or 75%Left brake reading is (146 – 20) x 0.75 = 94.5°CRight brake reading is (120 – 20) x 0.75 = 75°CDifferential temperature is 94.5 – 75 = 19.5°CThis would not trigger an alarm based on a 20°C differential threshold
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• One method to reduce this effect is to base the alarm threshold on a percentage of the measured temperature, rather than on an absolute threshold temperature.
88.5 Cooled detector camerasCooled thermal imaging detectors are fundamentally different to uncooled systems. These cameras are also known as “photonic” detectors and measure infrared radiation by counting incoming photons of energy, rather than requiring individual pixel elements to increase in temperature.
Thermal imaging cameras with a cooled detector offer some advantages over thermal imaging cameras with an uncooled detector. However, they are more expensive. A modern cooled thermal imaging camera has an imaging sensor that is integrated with a cryocooler, which lowers the sensor temperature to cryogenic temperatures. This reduction in sensor temperature is necessary to reduce thermally-induced noise to a level below that of the signal from the scene being imaged.
For some high-speed applications, a cooled thermal imaging camera will be required.
Cryocoolers have moving parts made to extremely close mechanical tolerances that wear out over time, as well as helium gas that slowly works its way past gas seals. Eventually a rebuild for the cryocooler is required after 10,000-13,000 hours of operation. This is usually managed as part of a cameras annual service and calibration check process.
8.6 Lens specificationSome images did not capture the left and right wheel within the one frame. This was due to the relatively narrow angle of the lens used during the trial (45° horizontal FOV). Future system implementations should use a wider field of view lens (i.e. >80° horizontal FOV) to ensure that both wheels are always captured and analysis box placement can be more flexible.
Using two narrower field of view cameras to capture each side of the truck was considered as an option. However, this would require absolute calibrations of the cameras be closely aligned and require very tight timing parameters.
The lane width where the cameras are likely to be installed is 3.5m. Cameras will be installed on an angle to give a better view of the vehicle underside. The overall field of view of the camera will be around 4m wide.
All cameras specified have approximately one megapixel detector size, i.e. 640x480. Over 4m width, this means that each pixel is around 6.25mm2 in size. As a rule of thumb, for all thermal imaging cameras, it is important to have 4x4 pixels (16 pixels) covering any measurement spot. This relates to the detector element size (i.e. 17μm) vs the incoming radiation wavelength (i.e. 12μm). This means that we will have a minimum measureable spot size of around 25mm2, this measurement spot size is suitable for the application.
The pixel size is also known as the iFoV, or instantaneous field of view. The iFoV is calculated as the pixel size (17μm) divided by the lens focal length (i.e. 17μm ÷ 13.1mm 1.29 mrad). The number in mrad, or milliradians, is a useful value because it enables the pixel size at a given distance to be calculated easily – simply multiply the distance in meters by the iFoV in mrad. For example, at 1m = 1.29mm, at 2m = 2.59mm, 4m = 5.19mm, 10m = 12.9mm etc.
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ABN: 22615844954
Address: PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
PHONE:
Email: [email protected]
Prepared by: Zoe HamidiCustomer
Roads and Maritime Services99 Phillip st Parramatta NSW 2150
02 Scope of Works
AZH Consulting are pleased to provide a fixed price fee for the Houston Radar vehicle scanning technology/hardware trial and scoping study.
Inclusions of all trials/scoping studies are as follows:
.1 Field Trials at RMS selected site(s).
.2 Scoping Study Report based on RMS requirements to accurately detect:a) Laneb) Speedc) class of individual vehiclesd) compute per lane volumee) occupancyf) gapg) average speed
.3 Field trial requirements:• Adverse weather conditions.• Accuracy of respective technologies being trialled.
.4 Report on:• As defined by RMS for each respective scoping study/trial
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
1. Customer will be invoiced after indicating acceptance of this quote2. Payment will be due prior to delivery of service and goods
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QUOTE
DATE: 26th April 2017
QUOTE # RMS09
Customer ID RMSValid Until: 27th May 2017
Fixed Bulk Price GST
$30,000 $3000
[42]
Subtotal $33,000.00
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ABN: 22615844954
Address: PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
PHONE:
Email: [email protected]
Prepared by: Zoe HamidiCustomer
Roads and Maritime Services99 Phillip st Parramatta NSW 2150
02Scope of Works
AZH Consulting are pleased to provide a fixed price fee to produce a report on Heavy vehicle safety: crash analysis and trends in NSW.
Inclusions of the report include:
.1 Phase 1 Report: Crash stats: examine road crashes which involve heavy trucks and report on this data.
.2 Phase 2 Report: Analysis: examine pedestrian fatality/injury vs light vehicle fatality/injury vs heavy vehicle occupant fatality/injury data involving a heavy vehicle in NSW.
.3 Phase 2 Report: Analysis: examine distance travelled vs registration rate of heavy vehicles in NSW.
.4 Phase 2 Report: Analysis examine local vs interstate heavy vehicle movement in NSW.
.5 Phase 2 Report: Analysis: examine rates of annual fatal crashes per kilometre travelled in NSW.
.6 Phase 2 Report: Analysis: examine rates of fatal crashes to distinguish between single vehicle accidents vs multi-vehicle accidents involving a heavy vehicle in NSW. I.e/ extrapolate general trends of the causes or fatal accidents involving a heavy vehicle.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
1. Customer will be invoiced after indicating acceptance of this quote2. Payment will be due prior to delivery of service and goods
Customer Acceptance (sign below):x ___________________________________________Print Name:
QUOTE
DATE: 26th April 2017
QUOTE # RMS10
Customer ID RMSValid Until: 27th May 2017
Fixed Bulk Price GST
$30,000 $3000
$30,000 $3000
[42]
Subtotal $66,000.00
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SICK Free Flow Vehicle Profiling System1
SICK Free Flow Vehicle Profiling System
Scoping Study
for Roads & Maritime Services heavy vehicle over-dimension screening.
1st May 2017.
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Contents
1.0 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………….. Page 3
2.0 Overview of work ………………………………………………………………………………… Page 3
3.0 Recorded Data (Overview) …………………………………………………………………. Page 4
4.0 Comparison………………………………………………………………………………………… Page 9
4.1 General Observations ………………………………………………………… Page 10
4.2 Length results summary………………………………………………………… Page 11
4.3 Width results summary…………………………………………………………. Page 12
4.4 Height results summary…………………………………………….………….. Page 13
5.0 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………………………. Page 14
Appendix A Results Chart Description ……………………………………………………… Page 15
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1.0 Introduction
A SICK Free Flow Vehicle Profiling System (FPS) has been installed at the RMS Heavy Vehicle Checking Station – 12 Mile Creek(Pacific highway South-Bound) in the screening lane.
The intent of this Proof of Concept (POC) trial was for Road Maritime Services (RMS) to install a FPS for pre-screening of all heavy vehicles with Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM) greater than eight tonne and compare the dimensional values to manual measurements using conventional techniques. The purpose of the installation is to prove the FPS’s accuracy and ensure the suitability of the system for heavy vehicle dimensional measurement at high speeds.
This will enable RMS to automatically screen heavy vehicles which are over dimension (height, width, length). The result being that RMS can intercept heavy vehicles which are over-dimension, and conversely, not intercept vehicles which are compliant so as not to interrupt freight transport.
2.0 Overview of workThree scanners and one computer were installed and commissioned on a gantry above the screening lane at 12 Mile Creek inspection station
Figure 2.0.1
A total of 53 Vehicles were compared.
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3.0 Recorder Data (overview)
Vehicle FPS DataRMS Manual
MeasureCompari
sonComment
Number Length Width* Height km/h Length Width Height Length Width HeightHEIGHT - Difficult to measure manually
001 16.63 3.02 3.62 65 16.68 0 3.794 0.05 -3.02 0.174WIDTH - Noise Point
002 8.54 2.32 2.39 69.7 8.45 2.33 2.37 -0.09 0.01 -0.02HEIGHT - Missed Stack (measured tailor
003 19.41 2.72 3.96 36.2 19.48 0 4.01 0.07 -2.72 0.05 WIDTH - Hard to manual measure004 18.86 2.63 3.99 59.8 19.03 2.55 4.014 0.17 -0.08 0.024 WIDTH - Hard to manual measure
005 18.91 2.62 3.54 40.1 18.9 2.68 3.57 -0.01 0.06 0.03HEIGHT - Manual measure hard to get as
006 18.08 2.71 4.5 54.7 17.84 2.7 4.59 -0.24 -0.01 0.09cannot touch loaded cars
HEIGHT - only 1 data point on stack (may
007 17.39 2.64 4.21 56.6 17.1 2.6 4.28 -0.29 -0.04 0.07have missed highest point)HEIGHT - only 1 data point on stack (mayhave missed highest point)
008 17.32 2.68 3.86 52.5 17.45 2.59 3.98 0.13 -0.09 0.12WIDTH - Can’t measure the outer pointswith tape
WIDTH - Truck Curtain bulging when009 7.7 2.72 3.38 57.2 7.76 2.58 3.372 0.06 -0.14 -0.008
driving010 10.48 2.63 3.32 46 10.5 2.5 3.32 0.02 -0.13 0
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011 14.67 2.61 3.48 56.1 14.9 2.54 3.5 0.23 -0.07 0.02LENGTH - Vehicle may be longer when
012 21.73 2.66 4.24 40.7 21.44 2.66 4.26 -0.29 0 0.02driving?
013 19.44 2.62 3.67 54.2 19.37 2.6 3.64 -0.07 -0.02 -0.03014 10.61 2.6 4.2 54.1 10.67 2.5 4.22 0.06 -0.1 0.02
015 19.83 2.68 4.3 51.9 19.75 2.63 4.323 -0.08 -0.05 0.023 WIDTH - cannot measure width manual016 18.97 2.67 3.88 59.4 18.9 2.62 3.906 -0.07 -0.05 0.026
017 17.73 2.64 4.29 53.1 17.66 2.51 4.28 -0.07 -0.13 -0.01 WIDTH - Could not measure manuallyLength - Unknown issue with length
018 20.19 2.61 3.26 52.2 20.75 2.52 3.265 0.56 -0.09 0.005(possibly missed end of vehicle)
019 11.23 2.61 3.85 51.8 11.27 2.55 3.91 0.04 -0.06 0.06
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Vehicle FPS DataRMS Manual
MeasureCompari
sonComment
Number LengthWidth
* Height km/h Length Width Height Length Width HeightHEIGHT - Cannot manually measure
020 18.74 3.01 4.43 45 18.93 2.6 4.29 0.19 -0.41 -0.14WIDTH - Noise
HEIGHT - FPS Missed stack021 18.99 2.63 3.66 51.8 18.27 2.51 3.838 -0.72 -0.12 0.178
Length - Noise at front of vehicle022 23.76 2.63 4.37 54.8 23.535 2.59 4.356 -0.225 -0.04 -0.014
023 22.11 2.74 3.94 75.3 22.36 2.72 3.987 0.25 -0.02 0.047024 8.94 2.61 3.39 27.7 8.805 2.59 3.405 -0.135 -0.02 0.015
025 19.37 2.63 4.02 52.9 19.25 2.6 4.048 -0.12 -0.03 0.028
026 25.73 2.66 4.34 62.3 25.66 2.505 4.309 -0.07 -0.155 -0.031WIDTH: Manual measure at back of trailer
LENGTH: could not measure as truck not
027 25.82 2.64 4.15 53.2 2.56 4.135 -25.82 -0.08 -0.015parked straight in bay
028 8.84 2.59 2.87 53.5 8.86 2.49 3.162 0.02 -0.1 0.292 HEIGHT: Missed Stack
029 25.55 2.67 4.39 47.9 25.5 2.52 4.385 -0.05 -0.15 -0.005 WIDTH: VPS picked up budge in curtain030 17.42 2.61 4.22 51.3 17.53 2.57 4.222 0.11 -0.04 0.002
031 20.17 2.66 4.17 53.5 19.85 2.55 4.141 -0.32 -0.11 -0.029 LENGTH - Difficult to measure manually032 14.52 2.61 3.47 61.6 14.8 2.53 3.49 0.28 -0.08 0.02
033 24.88 2.65 4.24 60.5 25.04 2.46 4.28 0.16 -0.19 0.04HEIGHT - Missed thin protrusion (about
034 17.33 2.57 3.01 56.9 17.14 2.48 2.926 -0.19 -0.09 -0.08440mm thickness)
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WIDTH - Budging curtain, could not035 18.35 2.66 3.93 54.9 18.34 2.57 3.923 -0.01 -0.09 -0.007
measure
036 14.8 2.59 3.92 56.8 14.94 2.54 3.93 0.14 -0.05 0.01Comment: Very shiny Vehicle (milk truck)
HEIGHT: Used Stack however tarp was037 14.32 2.69 3.59 53.3 14.17 2.64 3.65 -0.15 -0.05 0.06 higher point (couple not measure
manually)038 16.22 2.62 3.84 49.6 16.04 2.54 3.845 -0.18 -0.08 0.005
HEIGHT: FPS Missed the Peak of the height
039 26.26 2.64 4.5 61.4 25.98 2.59 4.6 -0.28 -0.05 0.1measurement
040 25.56 3.05 4.26 49.6 25.71 4.237 0.15 -3.05 -0.023 WIDTH: Noise on measurement
041 19.67 2.64 4.05 42.3 19.6 2.6 4.052 -0.07 -0.04 0.002
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Vehicle FPS DataRMS Manual
MeasureCompari
sonComment
Number Length Width* Height km/h Length Width Height Length Width Height042 16.91 2.61 4.04 58.4 16.98 2.505 4.097 0.07 -0.105 0.057 HEIGHT: Did not capture full Stack
043 26.14 2.66 4.47 56.8 25.9 2.55 4.645 -0.24 -0.11 0.175 HEIGHT: Point cloud missing Top PointsChanged Config - BoxLengthMaxY = 6000 (was 4500)
044 6.11 2.06 2.2 37.3 6.2 1.98 2.269 0.09 -0.08 0.069045 19.09 2.62 3.28 55.5 19.2 2.52 3.293 0.11 -0.1 0.013
LENGTH: Possible issue with speed046 15.81 2.6 4.08 59.5 17.86 2.53 4.074 2.05 -0.07 -0.006
measurement on FPSHEIGHT: FPS Missed Stack
047 25.52 2.61 3.87 51.2 24.12 2.55 4.31 -1.4 -0.06 0.44 LENGTH: Possible issue with speedmeasurement on FPS
LENGTH: May have influence from Flags
048 21.49 3.19 4.22 54.6 20.8 3.15 4.225 -0.69 -0.04 0.005(Driver Confirmed 20.8 is correct)
049 10.34 2.57 3.66 53.6 10.4 2.51 3.71 0.06 -0.06 0.05
050 7.31 2.43 2.59 52.3 7.11 2.35 2.64 -0.2 -0.08 0.05051 8.24 2.61 3.14 53.1 8.3 2.54 3.134 0.06 -0.07 -0.006052 17.15 2.73 3.69 44.1 17.2 2.6 3.729 0.05 -0.13 0.039 Width Could not manual measure053 10.23 2.57 2.68 46.8 9.9 2.46 2.68 -0.33 -0.11 0
Table 3.0.1
* FPS Width measurement ignores the first 2.6m of the vehicle to attempt to exclude vehicle mirrors
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4.0 Comparison
Some data has been excluded from the analysis. Data has been excluded if there was an issue with the manual measurement (such as RMS inspectors did not measure outer most point) or if there was an issue with the FPS measurement (such as “noise” being created on highly shiny surfaces)
Length Average Variance3, 6 = -0.1% (0.013m) with an average speed of 53.2 km/h over 45 vehicles
Width Average Variance4, 6 = -2.57% (0.064m) with an average speed of 53.3 km/h over 40 vehicles
Height Average Variance5, 6 = +0.38% (0.012m) with an average speed of 51.9 km/h over 39 vehicles
Expected FPS Performance:
DescriptionTypical measurement accuracy Comment(95% of vehicles)
Length 1 ±1.000 mm (σ=500mm) Speed < 80 km/hWidth 2 ±100 mm (σ=50mm) Speed < 80 km/hHeight 2 ±30 mm (σ=15mm) Speed < 80 km/hTable 4.0.1
1 Project separated vehicles with a minimum gap of 2.0m.2 For width and height measurement, the object cross section must be > 100mm and a remission of >2% (= antennas might not be detected). For width / height measurement the scanner frequency is 75 Hz.3 Length Variance formula = (Manual Length – FPS Length) / Manual Length 4 Width Variance formula = (Manual Width – FPS Width) / Manual Width5 Height Variance formula = (Manual Height – FPS Height) / Manual Height6 Figures do not include “data has been excluded from the analysis” noted in section 4.0
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4.1 General Observations
• Some measurements were very hard to compare due to accessibility of measurement point for manual measurement.
• The more manual measurements carried out the more accurate they became in in comparison to the FPS System.
• Manual measurements made often varied in accuracy based on the person carrying out the measurement.
• Comparison of width measurements were particularly problematic due too difficulty accessing the widest pointso manually measuring between widest pointso spurious objects being measured by the FPS such as flags straps and
small branches (on log trucks)
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4.2 Length
FPS measurement allowable error = ±1.00mManual measurement uncertainty = ±0.11m
Chart 4.2.1Please note: Excluded Vehicles # are 012, 018, 021, 027, 031, 046, 047 and 048.
Image 4.2.1 (Vehicle 020) Image 4.2.2 (Vehicle 060)
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4.3 Width
FPS measurement allowable error = ±0.10mManual measurement uncertainty = ±0.03m
Chart 4.3.1Please note: Excluded Vehicles # are 001, 003, 004, 008, 009, 015, 017, 020, 026, 029, 035, 040 and 052.
Image 4.3.1 (Vehicle 021) Image 4.3.2 (Vehicle 025)
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4.4 Height
FPS measurement allowable error = ±0.03mManual measurement uncertainty = ±0.04m
Chart 4.4.1Please note: Excluded Vehicles # are 001, 002, 006, 007, 008, 020, 021, 028, 034, 037, 039, 042, 043 and 047.
Image 4.4.1 (Vehicle 012) Image 4.4.2 (Vehicle 048)
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5.0 Conclusion
Final results indicate that the FPS is operating within accuracy specification for length, width and height. However, the comparison data for width measurement proved to be unreliable due to the factors mentioned above.
In addition, minimum detectable object size needs to be taken into consideration when using this system for screening vehicles at high speeds
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Appendix A – Results Chart Description
Sample Data
Vehicle reference Vehicle Speed (km/h) VPS Measurement Manual Measurement Deviation (m) Deviation (%) = VPS measurement Manual measurementnumber (m) (m) Deviation / Manual allowable error (m) uncertainty (m)
Measurement * 1001924 5.58 2.000 1.921 -0.079 -4.11% ± 0.05 ± 0.081918 5.9904 3.000 2.969 -0.031 -1.04% ± 0.05 ± 0.081931 6.5772 4.000 4.002 +0.002 +0.05% ± 0.05 ± 0.08
Red dotted line indicates allowable error in VPS measurement (as per
SICK specification)
Parameter being measured (Length, Width or Height)
Error bars indicate potential error in manual measurement based on advice from RMS
Blue marker indicates deviation of manual measurement form VPS measurement
Vehicle reference number
Vehicle speed at time of measurement
Zero on the Y axis represents the VPS measurement point
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INVOICEAZH Consulting Pty Ltd
ABN: 22615844954
PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
Phone:
Email: [email protected]
Client: Roads And Maritime Services
PO Reference # : 4200007838Invoice # : RMS009Quote # : RMS009Date of Issue: 18/05/2017Payment due by: 18/06/2017
Invoice for Houston Radar field trial and scoping study for over-length vehicle detection at Galston Gorge
Service/Goods Description Quantity Price TotalField Trial at RMS selected site(s): Houston Radar length detection system
Scoping Study – Houston Radar length detection system
1 $30,000 excluding GST
$30,000 excluding GST
GST $3000Sub-Total $33,000
Payment Details: Bank Transfer: AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, BSB 032108, A/C Payment Advice: Please email payment details (including date and amount) to [email protected]/money order: Please mail your order payable to AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
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INVOICEAZH Consulting Pty Ltd
ABN: 22615844954
PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
Phone:
Email: [email protected]
Client: Roads And Maritime Services
PO Reference # : 4200007137Invoice # : RMS006Quote # : RMS006Date of Issue: 18/05/2017 Payment due by: 18/06/2017
Invoice for Thermal & Cold Camera Field Trial and Scoping Study for automated Brake and Tyre screening
Service/Goods Description Quantity Price TotalField Trials at RMS selected site(s) and data collection and analysis:
Scoping Study – 1)thermal camera2)cold camera.
21)Thermal camera2)Cold camera
1Thermal camera & Cold camera combined into one study
$30,000 excluding GST
$30,000 excluding GST
$60,000 excluding GST
$30,000 excluding GST
GST $9000Sub-Total $99,000
Payment Details: Bank Transfer: AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, BSB 032108, A/C Payment Advice: Please email payment details (including date and amount) to [email protected]/money order: Please mail your order payable to AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
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INVOICEAZH Consulting Pty Ltd
ABN: 22615844954
PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
Phone:
Email: [email protected]
Client: Roads And Maritime Services
PO Reference # : 4200007915Invoice # : RMS010Quote # : RMS010Date of Issue: 18/05/2017Payment due by: 18/06/2017
Invoice for Heavy vehicle safety crash analysis and trends report in NSW
Service/Goods Description Quantity Price Total
Phase 1 Report: Crash stats: examine road crashes which involve heavy trucks and report on this data.
Phase 2 Report: Analysis: examine pedestrian fatality/injury vs light vehicle fatality/injury vs heavy vehicle occupant fatality/injury data involving a heavy vehicle in NSW.
Phase 2 Report: Analysis: examine distance travelled vs registration rate of heavy vehicles in NSW.
Phase 2 Report: Analysis examine local vs interstate heavy vehicle movement in NSW.
Phase 2 Report: Analysis: examine rates of annual fatal crashes per kilometre travelled in NSW.
1
1
$30,000 excluding GST
$30,000 excluding GST
$30,000 excluding GST
$30,000 excluding GST
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Phase 2 Report: Analysis: examine rates of fatal crashes to distinguish between single vehicle accidents vs multi-vehicle accidents involving a heavy vehicle in NSW. I.e/ extrapolate general trends of the causes or fatal accidents involving a heavy vehicle.
GST $6000Sub-Total $66,000
Payment Details: Bank Transfer: AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, BSB 032108, A/C Payment Advice: Please email payment details (including date and amount) to [email protected]/money order: Please mail your order payable to AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
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RFQ - RMS ITS Field Trial
Roads and Maritime ServicesCompliance Branch
Request for Quotation5th July 2017
RMS ITS Field Trial:End-to-end management
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RFQ - RMS ITS Field Trial
Request for Quotation
The Roads and Maritime Services of New South Wales (“RMS” “we” or “us”) seeks the quotation for the supply of:
Roads and Maritime Services is requesting the submission of a quotation for the maintenance and certification for the RMS fleet of PAT Portable Weigh Scales in NSW which are used by RMS(enforcement operations branch) for heavy vehicle mass enforcement.
1.1 DESCRIPTION OF WORKS
The works under this Contract involves the end-to-end management of the RMS selected technology requiring research and development.
This includes the following categories of work:1. End-to-end management;2. Technology vendor liaison;3. Customer liaison(RMS and other stakeholders);4. Site design and setup for selected technology;5. WHS management during field trials;6. Running of Technology field trials(Up to 3 months attendance
required);
1.2 TRIAL SITE LOCATIONS
RMS has over 500 enforcement inspection sites across NSW. These include heavy vehicle safety stations, heavy vehicle inspection bays and fixed enforcement camera sites. The contractor is expected to attend at any selected site across NSW as per RMS requirements.
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RFQ - RMS ITS Field Trial
2 EXTENT OF WORKS
2.1 GENERAL SCOPE
The work is as set out below and as may be further described in this section and the separate Technical Specification.
All work and material not specifically mentioned in this section but obviously necessary for the completion of the servicing shall be deemed to have been included in the tender.
Unless otherwise specified all equipment and materials shall be new.
The Contract Work shall cover:
· Procurement or leasing of the RMS selected technology requiring field trialling/testing.
· Transport/freight costs of any ITS equipment to and from the customer and/or technology vendor’s business premises.
· Supply of all goods, materials, equipment and personnel to complete the Contracted Works.
· Provision of written reports and quotations as required under the Contracted Works.
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RFQ - RMS ITS Field Trial
2.2 DETAILED SCOPE
The Contract Work shall cover:
1. End-to-end management:The contractor is expected to manage the entire technology trial without additional RMS resources being required.
2. Technology vendor liaison:The contractor is expected to liaise with the vendor/manufacturer of the selected technology as required. This will include technical discussions regarding preferred implementations etc. Hence a deep understanding of computer science/computer engineering principles is required. Also, an in-depth understanding of enforcement ITS solutions best-practise is required.
3. Customer liaison(RMS and other stakeholders):The contractor is expected to liaise with all stakeholders. This will include RMS, NSW Police and other states/jurisdictions as required.
4. Site design and setup for selected technology:The contractor is expected to implement the selected ITS technology at the site selected by RMS. This requires a site design which enables the technology to be effectively trialled while maintaining WHS principles.
5. WHS management during field trials:The contractor is expected to maintain WHS principles for the duration of all field trials at the selected RMS site(s).
6. Running of Technology field trials(Up to 3 months attendance required):The contractor is expected to attend and lead the entire field trial at the selected RMS site(s). This requires stringent organisation of RMS personnel and RMS site(s) as required by RMS.
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RFQ - RMS ITS Field Trial
4 ACCESS TO SITEThe contractor is expected to attend and lead the entire field trial at the selected RMS site(s).
5 SEPARABLE PART OF THE WORKSThere are no separable parts in this Contract
6 CONCURRENT WORKThere are no concurrent works being performed with this Contract.
7 WORK HEALTH AND SAFETYFor the duration of the Contract the Contractor shall at all times comply with all Statutory Authority (including but not limited to WorkCover) regulations in regard to the safety and the implementation of the work.
8 AMENITIESThe contractor is expected to attend and lead the entire field trial at the selected RMS site(s).
9 COMPLETION AND STORAGEThere are no storage requirements for this contract.
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RFQ - RMS ITS Field Trial
ANNEXURE G1/A – PAYMENT
All costs associated with the job specific requirements are deemed to be included in the rates and prices generally for the work under the Contract.
PAY ITEM G1P7 – JOB SPECIFIC REQUIREMENT.MISCELLANEOUS CHARGES
RMS are to be advised before any miscellaneous charges are invoiced. Written approval is required from RMS for any miscellaneous charges.
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RFQ - RMS ITS Field Trial
Dated 05/07/2017
RFQ Manager Jai Singh
RFQ Manager Email [email protected]
Closing date and time 05/08/2017
RFQ Reference N/A
Lodgement Method [email protected]
Quotation validity period 365 working days from the closing date
Communication Method Email: [email protected]
Phone:
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1. Submission of quotations
Quotations must be submitted before the Closing Time. The quotations must be submitted in accordance with the Lodgement Method and must prominently state the RFQ Manager's name and the RFQ Reference.
2. Term of quotation
(a) The pricing and proposed terms set out in your quotation must remain valid and open to acceptance for at least the Quotation Validity Period after the Closing Date andTime.
(b) Your quotation must be submitted on the basis that, if accepted, the contract that the patties will enter will be in the form of a C71 contract.
3. No legal relationship(a) This RFQ does not create any legal relationship nor a recommendation, offer or invitation to enter into a legal relationship, contract, agreement or other
arrangement in respect of the goods or services the subject of this RFQ.
(b) Nothing in this RFQ or in the consideration of a quotation obliges us to enter into any agreement with anyone, creates a "process contract" or other impliedcontract, obliges us to consider or accept any quotation, or stops us from considering a non-complying quotation
4. RFQ is not a tender(a) This RFQ is not a request for tender and the law relating to tenders (including the RMS's own policies) does not apply.
(b) Without limiting (a) you acknowledge that your quotation will not be assessed by a formal evaluation panel and that in considering quotations the RMS will not be boundby any assessment criteria or weightings whether or not pre-determined.
5. Requests for further informationAll requests for further information or clarification of the RFQ should be directed in writing by the Communication Method to the RFQ Manager. Otherwise, you must not initiate contact with us or any of our employees in relation to your quotation.
If you find a discrepancy, error or omission in tins RFQ or other information issued by us or you have a query, you should notify the RFQ Manager immediately. We will send our response to such queues, discrepancies, errors or omissions to all those from whom we have requested quotations. We may issue an amendment, addition, infonnation or instruction relating to the RFQ in writing at any tune. Where an amendment, addition, information or instruction lias been issued after you have lodged your quotation, you should update your quotation and resubmit it to the RMS in accordance with our instruction
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ABN: 22615844954
Address: PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765PHONE:
Email: [email protected]
Prepared by: Zoe HamidiCustomer
Roads and Maritime Services99 Phillip st Parramatta NSW 215002
AZH Consulting are pleased to provide a fixed price fee for the following services.
Scope of Works
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
Customer will be invoiced for the selected service(s) after indicating acceptance of this quote.1. Payment will be due prior to delivery of service and goods
Customer Acceptance (sign below):x ___________________________________________Print Name:
Fixed Bulk Price GST
Scope of Works Fixed Price GST
ITS Technology (HAENNI dynamic portable scales) end-to-end field trial. Services Included in fixed price:
1. End-to-end management;
2. Technology vendor liaison;
3. Customer liaison(RMS and other stakeholders);
4. Site design and setup for selected technology including all temporaryconstruction required for in-road portable scales;
5. WHS management during field trials;
6. Running of Technology field trials(Up to 3 months attendancerequired);
$48,750 $4,875
Sub-Total $53,625
QUOTE
DATE: 5th July 2017
QUOTE # RMS11
Customer ID RMS
Valid Until: 5th August 2017
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INVOICEAZH Consulting Pty Ltd
ABN: 22615844954
PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
Phone:
Email: [email protected]
Attn: Jai Singh Client: Roads And Maritime
Services PO Reference # : 4200009562Invoice # : RMS11Quote # : RMS11Date of Issue: 17/07/2017Payment due by: 17/08/2017
Invoice for ITS Technology (HAENNI dynamic portable scales) end-to-end management for field trial.
Service/Goods Description Quantity Fixed Price TotalEnd-to-end management;
Technology vendor liaison;
Customer liaison(RMS and other stakeholders);
Site design and setup for selected technology including all temporary construction required for in-road portable scales;
WHS management during field trials;
Running of Technology field trials(Up to 3 months attendance required);
1
1
1
1
1
1
$48,750 $48,750
GST $4,875Sub-Total $53,625
Payment Details: Bank Transfer: AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, BSB 032108, A/C Payment Advice: Please email payment details (including date and amount) to [email protected]/money order: Please mail your order payable to AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
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ABN: 22615844954
Address: PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765PHONE:
Email: [email protected]
Prepared by: Zoe HamidiCustomer
Roads and Maritime Services99 Phillip st Parramatta NSW 215002
AZH Consulting are pleased to provide a fixed price fee for the following services.
Scope of Works
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
Customer will be invoiced for the selected service(s) after indicating acceptance of this quote.1. Payment will be due prior to delivery of service and goods
Customer Acceptance (sign below):x ___________________________________________Print Name:
Fixed Bulk Price GST
Scope of Works Fixed Price GST
ITS Technology (PAT 10C III dynamic portable scales) end-to-end field trial. Services Included in fixed price:
1. End-to-end management;
2. Technology vendor liaison;
3. Customer liaison(RMS and other stakeholders);
4. Site design and setup for selected technology including all temporaryconstruction required for in-road portable scales;
5. WHS management during field trials;
6. Running of Technology field trials(Up to 3 months attendancerequired);
$48,750 $4,875
Sub-Total $53,625
QUOTE
DATE: 10th August 2017
QUOTE # RMS12
Customer ID RMS
Valid Until:10th September
2017
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INVOICEAZH Consulting Pty Ltd
ABN: 22615844954
PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
Phone:
Email: [email protected]
Attn: Jai Singh Client: Roads And Maritime
Services PO Reference # : 4200014486Invoice # : RMS12Quote # : RMS12Date of Issue: 25/08/2017Payment due by: 25/09/2017
Invoice for PAT 10C III dynamic portable scales end-to-end management for field trial.
Service/Goods Description Quantity Fixed Price TotalPAT 10C III dynamic portable scales end-to-end field trial. Services Included in fixed price:
1. End-to-end management;
2. Technology vendor liaison;
3. Customer liaison(RMS and otherstakeholders);
4. Site design and setup for selectedtechnology including alltemporary construction requiredfor in-road portable scales;
5. WHS management during fieldtrials;
6. Running of Technology fieldtrials(Up to 3 months attendanceincluded);
1
1
1
1
1
1
$48,750 $48,750
GST $4,875Sub-Total $53,625
Payment Details: Bank Transfer: AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, BSB 032108, A/C Payment Advice: Please email payment details (including date and amount) to [email protected]/money order: Please mail your order payable to AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
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RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales
Roads and Maritime ServicesCompliance Branch
Request for Quotation6th November 2017
RMS Scoping Study Report – HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales
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RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales
Request for Quotation
The Roads and Maritime Services of New South Wales (“RMS” “we” or “us”) seeks the quotation for the supply of:
Roads and Maritime Services is requesting the submission of a quotation for a detailed scoping study report for a proof of concept of HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales which could potentially be used by RMS(enforcement operations branch) for heavy vehicle mass enforcement.
Schedule 1 – Requirements1.1 DESCRIPTION OF WORKS
The works under this Contract involves the creation of a scoping study report for the RMS for HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales.
This includes the following categories of work:
1. Temporary construction and de-construction required to mount and house the scales being trialled.
2. Data Collection:a. Technology Data Collection.
b. User review Data Collection.
3. Scoping Study Report:a. Report creation.
b. Review sessions with RMS.
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RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales
2 EXTENT OF WORKS
2.1 GENERAL SCOPE
The work is as set out below and as may be further described in this section and the separate Technical Specification.
All work and material not specifically mentioned in this section but obviously necessary for the completion of the servicing shall be deemed to have been included in the tender.
Unless otherwise specified all equipment and materials shall be new.
The Contract Work shall cover:
· Temporary construction and de-construction required to mount and house the HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales.
· Supply of all goods, materials, equipment and personnel to complete the Contracted Works.
· Provision of written reports and quotations as required under the Contracted Works.
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RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales
2.2 DETAILED SCOPE
The Contract Work shall cover:
1. Temporary construction and de-construction required to mount and house the HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales.
2. Data Collection:a. Technology Data Collection:
The contractor is expected to collect all data from all technology sources used during the trial. This data could be stored locally on the device and/or centrally in a repository selected by RMS. The contractor must have this data securely available to RMS as requested.
b. User review Data Collection:The contractor is expected to collect information from the core users; primarily RMS stakeholders during and after the period of the field trial. This would include interviews post-trial to enable user reviews to be collected. The contractor must have this data available to RMS as requested.
3. Scoping Study Report:a. Report creation:
The contractor is expected to create a scoping study reports which is a proof of concept for the HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales. The report should clearly show the testing methodology applied using standard scientific evidence based principles. The scoping study report should include:
I. Purpose/introductionII. BackgroundIII. Technology descriptionIV. Background of the requirement of this
technologyV. Testing/trialling method used to prove concept VI. ResultsVII. ConclusionVIII. recommendation(s)IX. Photos and data are to be presented showing
the efficacy of the technology.
b. Review sessions with RMS.The contractor is expected to setup and manage review sessions with RMS. Generally, 5 or more review sessions would be required to enable knowledge to be transferred to RMS.
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RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales
Schedule 2 – Quote Response FormSupplier Name
Supplier ABN
Contact Details
Title RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales
Reference Number xxxxxx
1. Nominated Personnel to perform the Services
Rate per day Ex GST
2. Nominated Personnel to perform the Services
Rate per day Ex GST
3. Nominated Personnel to perform the Services
Rate per day Ex GST
4. Nominated Personnel to perform the Services
Rate per day Ex GST
Fixed Price Offer (if applicable)
[Enter total Fixed Price] excluding GST
Proposed Commencement Date
Proposed Deliverable Date
Terms Our quote is based on the terms of the Contract referred to in the RFQ. No other terms will apply (including any standard terms which may be attached to our Quote or on our invoices).
Declaration We agree to comply with the NSW Government’s Procurement Policy Framework and the Roads & Maritime Statement of Business Ethics. There have been no findings of dishonest, unfair, unconscionable, corrupt or illegal conduct by us or any of our directors, executives or senior managers other than those (if any) expressly disclosed in our Quote.
Signed
…………………………………………. …………………………Signed Dated
Name of signatory
Position/Title
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RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales
3 ACCESS TO SITENo site attendance is required.
4 SEPARABLE PART OF THE WORKSThere are no separable parts in this Contract
5 CONCURRENT WORKThere are no concurrent works being performed with this Contract.
6 WORK HEALTH AND SAFETYFor the duration of the Contract the Contractor shall at all times comply with all Statutory Authority (including but not limited to WorkCover) regulations in regard to the safety and the implementation of the work.
8 AMENITIESNo amenity requirements.
9 COMPLETION AND STORAGEAll reports and related data must be stored by the contractor for at least a 7 year period.
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RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales
ANNEXURE 1 – PAYMENT
All costs associated with the job specific requirements are deemed to be included in the rates and prices generally for the work under the Contract.
PAY ITEM 1 – JOB SPECIFIC REQUIREMENT.MISCELLANEOUS CHARGES
RMS are to be advised before any miscellaneous charges are invoiced. Written approval is required from RMS for any miscellaneous charges.
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RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales
Dated 06/11/2017
RFQ Manager Jai Singh
RFQ Manager Email [email protected]
Closing date and time 20/11/2017
RFQ Reference N/A
Lodgement Method [email protected]
Quotation validity period 365 working days from the closing date
Communication Method Email: [email protected]
Phone:
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1. Submission of quotations
Quotations must be submitted before the Closing Time. The quotations must be submitted in accordance with the Lodgement Method and must prominently state the RFQ Manager's name and the RFQ Reference.
2. Term of quotation
(a) The pricing and proposed terms set out in your quotation must remain valid and open to acceptance for at least the Quotation Validity Period after the Closing Date and Time.
(b) Your quotation must be submitted on the basis that, if accepted, the contract that the patties will enter will be in the form of a C71 contract.
3. No legal relationship(a) This RFQ does not create any legal relationship nor a recommendation, offer or invitation to enter into a legal relationship, contract, agreement or other
arrangement in respect of the goods or services the subject of this RFQ.
(b) Nothing in this RFQ or in the consideration of a quotation obliges us to enter into any agreement with anyone, creates a "process contract" or other implied contract, obliges us to consider or accept any quotation, or stops us from considering a non-complying quotation
4. RFQ is not a tender(a) This RFQ is not a request for tender and the law relating to tenders (including the RMS's own policies) does not apply.
(b) Without limiting (a) you acknowledge that your quotation will not be assessed by a formal evaluation panel and that in considering quotations the RMS will not be bound by any assessment criteria or weightings whether or not pre-determined.
5. Requests for further informationAll requests for further information or clarification of the RFQ should be directed in writing by the Communication Method to the RFQ Manager. Otherwise, you must not initiate contact with us or any of our employees in relation to your quotation.
If you find a discrepancy, error or omission in tins RFQ or other information issued by us or you have a query, you should notify the RFQ Manager immediately. We will send our response to such queues, discrepancies, errors or omissions to all those from whom we have requested quotations. We may issue an amendment, addition, infonnation or instruction relating to the RFQ in writing at any tune. Where an amendment, addition, information or instruction lias been issued after you have lodged your quotation, you should update your quotation and resubmit it to the RMS in accordance with our instruction
E18-0281-AS-2-42-PR-0003 D10527255
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RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – PAT 10C III
Roads and Maritime ServicesCompliance Branch
Request for Quotation6th November 2017
RMS Scoping Study Report – PAT 10C III
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RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – PAT 10C III
Request for Quotation
The Roads and Maritime Services of New South Wales (“RMS” “we” or “us”) seeks the quotation for the supply of:
Roads and Maritime Services is requesting the submission of a quotation for a detailed scoping study report for a proof of concept of the PAT 10C III ITS which could potentially be used by RMS(enforcement operations branch) for heavy vehicle screening.
Schedule 1 – Requirements1.1 DESCRIPTION OF WORKS
The works under this Contract involves the creation of a scoping study report for the RMS selected technology requiring research and development.
This includes the following categories of work:
1. Temporary construction and de-construction required to mount and house the technology being trialled.
2. Data Collection:a. Technology Data Collection.
b. User review Data Collection.
3. Scoping Study Report:a. Report creation.
b. Review sessions with RMS.
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RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – PAT 10C III
2 EXTENT OF WORKS
2.1 GENERAL SCOPE
The work is as set out below and as may be further described in this section and the separate Technical Specification.
All work and material not specifically mentioned in this section but obviously necessary for the completion of the servicing shall be deemed to have been included in the tender.
Unless otherwise specified all equipment and materials shall be new.
The Contract Work shall cover:
· Temporary construction and de-construction required to mount and house the PAT 10C III ITS being trialled.
· Supply of all goods, materials, equipment and personnel to complete the Contracted Works.
· Provision of written reports and quotations as required under the Contracted Works.
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RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – PAT 10C III
2.2 DETAILED SCOPE
The Contract Work shall cover:
1. Temporary construction and de-construction required to mount and house the PAT 10C III ITS technology being trialled.
2. Data Collection:a. Technology Data Collection:
The contractor is expected to collect all data from all technology sources used during the trial. This data could be stored locally on the device and/or centrally in a repository selected by RMS. The contractor must have this data securely available to RMS as requested.
b. User review Data Collection:The contractor is expected to collect information from the core users; primarily RMS stakeholders during and after the period of the field trial. This would include interviews post-trial to enable user reviews to be collected. The contractor must have this data available to RMS as requested.
3. Scoping Study Report:a. Report creation:
The contractor is expected to create a scoping study reports which is a proof of concept for the PAT 10C III. The report should clearly show the testing methodology applied using standard scientific evidence based principles. The scoping study report should include:
I. Purpose/introductionII. BackgroundIII. Technology descriptionIV. Background of the requirement of this
technologyV. Testing/trialling method used to prove concept VI. ResultsVII. ConclusionVIII. recommendation(s)IX. Photos and data are to be presented showing
the efficacy of the technology.
b. Review sessions with RMS.The contractor is expected to setup and manage review sessions with RMS. Generally, 5 or more review sessions would be required to enable knowledge to be transferred to RMS.
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RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – PAT 10C III
Schedule 2 – Quote Response FormSupplier Name
Supplier ABN
Contact Details
Title RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – PAT 10C III
Reference Number xxxxxx
1. Nominated Personnel to perform the Services
Rate per day Ex GST
2. Nominated Personnel to perform the Services
Rate per day Ex GST
3. Nominated Personnel to perform the Services
Rate per day Ex GST
4. Nominated Personnel to perform the Services
Rate per day Ex GST
Fixed Price Offer (if applicable)
[Enter total Fixed Price] excluding GST
Proposed Commencement Date
Proposed Deliverable Date
Terms Our quote is based on the terms of the Contract referred to in the RFQ. No other terms will apply (including any standard terms which may be attached to our Quote or on our invoices).
Declaration We agree to comply with the NSW Government’s Procurement Policy Framework and the Roads & Maritime Statement of Business Ethics. There have been no findings of dishonest, unfair, unconscionable, corrupt or illegal conduct by us or any of our directors, executives or senior managers other than those (if any) expressly disclosed in our Quote.
Signed
…………………………………………. …………………………Signed Dated
Name of signatory
Position/Title
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RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – PAT 10C III
3 ACCESS TO SITENo site attendance is required.
4 SEPARABLE PART OF THE WORKSThere are no separable parts in this Contract
5 CONCURRENT WORKThere are no concurrent works being performed with this Contract.
6 WORK HEALTH AND SAFETYFor the duration of the Contract the Contractor shall at all times comply with all Statutory Authority (including but not limited to WorkCover) regulations in regard to the safety and the implementation of the work.
8 AMENITIESNo amenity requirements.
9 COMPLETION AND STORAGEAll reports and related data must be stored by the contractor for at least a 7 year period.
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RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – PAT 10C III
ANNEXURE 1 – PAYMENT
All costs associated with the job specific requirements are deemed to be included in the rates and prices generally for the work under the Contract.
PAY ITEM 1 – JOB SPECIFIC REQUIREMENT.MISCELLANEOUS CHARGES
RMS are to be advised before any miscellaneous charges are invoiced. Written approval is required from RMS for any miscellaneous charges.
E18-0281-AS-2-42-PR-0003 D10527265
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RFQ - RMS Scoping Study Report – PAT 10C III
Dated 06/11/2017
RFQ Manager Jai Singh
RFQ Manager Email [email protected]
Closing date and time 20/11/2017
RFQ Reference N/A
Lodgement Method [email protected]
Quotation validity period 365 working days from the closing date
Communication Method Email: [email protected]
Phone:
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1. Submission of quotations
Quotations must be submitted before the Closing Time. The quotations must be submitted in accordance with the Lodgement Method and must prominently state the RFQ Manager's name and the RFQ Reference.
2. Term of quotation
(a) The pricing and proposed terms set out in your quotation must remain valid and open to acceptance for at least the Quotation Validity Period after the Closing Date and Time.
(b) Your quotation must be submitted on the basis that, if accepted, the contract that the patties will enter will be in the form of a C71 contract.
3. No legal relationship(a) This RFQ does not create any legal relationship nor a recommendation, offer or invitation to enter into a legal relationship, contract, agreement or other
arrangement in respect of the goods or services the subject of this RFQ.
(b) Nothing in this RFQ or in the consideration of a quotation obliges us to enter into any agreement with anyone, creates a "process contract" or other implied contract, obliges us to consider or accept any quotation, or stops us from considering a non-complying quotation
4. RFQ is not a tender(a) This RFQ is not a request for tender and the law relating to tenders (including the RMS's own policies) does not apply.
(b) Without limiting (a) you acknowledge that your quotation will not be assessed by a formal evaluation panel and that in considering quotations the RMS will not be bound by any assessment criteria or weightings whether or not pre-determined.
5. Requests for further informationAll requests for further information or clarification of the RFQ should be directed in writing by the Communication Method to the RFQ Manager. Otherwise, you must not initiate contact with us or any of our employees in relation to your quotation.
If you find a discrepancy, error or omission in tins RFQ or other information issued by us or you have a query, you should notify the RFQ Manager immediately. We will send our response to such queues, discrepancies, errors or omissions to all those from whom we have requested quotations. We may issue an amendment, addition, infonnation or instruction relating to the RFQ in writing at any tune. Where an amendment, addition, information or instruction lias been issued after you have lodged your quotation, you should update your quotation and resubmit it to the RMS in accordance with our instruction
E18-0281-AS-2-42-PR-0003 D10527265
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ABN: 22615844954
Address: PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765PHONE:
Email: [email protected]
Prepared by: Zoe HamidiCustomer
Roads and Maritime Services99 Phillip st Parramatta NSW 215002
AZH Consulting are pleased to provide a fixed price fee for the following services.
Scope of Works
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
Customer will be invoiced for the selected service(s) after indicating acceptance of this quote.1. Payment will be due prior to delivery of service and goods
Customer Acceptance (sign below):x ___________________________________________Print Name:
Fixed Bulk Price GST
Scope of Works Fixed Price GST
Scoping Study Report for PAT 10C III ITS Technology: Services Included in fixed price:
1. Construction:a. Any required temporary construction required to mount and
house the PAT 10C III technology being trialled.
2. Data Collection:a. Technology Data Collection.
b. User review Data Collection.
3. Scoping Study Report:a. Report creation.
b. Review sessions with RMS.
$44,900 $4,490
Sub-Total $49,390
QUOTE
DATE:10th November
2017
QUOTE # RMS14
Customer ID RMS
Valid Until:10th December
2017
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ABN: 22615844954
Address: PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765PHONE:
Email: [email protected]
Prepared by: Zoe HamidiCustomer
Roads and Maritime Services99 Phillip st Parramatta NSW 215002
AZH Consulting are pleased to provide a fixed price fee for the following services.
Scope of Works
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
Customer will be invoiced for the selected service(s) after indicating acceptance of this quote.1. Payment will be due prior to delivery of service and goods
Customer Acceptance (sign below):x ___________________________________________Print Name:
Fixed Bulk Price GST
Scope of Works Fixed Price GST
Scoping Study Report for HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales: Services Included in fixed price:
1. Construction:a. Any required temporary construction required to mount and
house the HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales beingtrialled.
2. Data Collection:a. Technology Data Collection.
b. User review Data Collection.
3. Scoping Study Report:a. Report creation.
b. Review sessions with RMS.
$43,250 $4,325
Sub-Total $47,575
QUOTE
DATE:14th November
2017
QUOTE # RMS13
Customer ID RMS
Valid Until:14th December
2017
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INVOICEAZH Consulting Pty Ltd
ABN: 22615844954
PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
Phone:
Email: [email protected]
Attn: Jai Singh Client: Roads And Maritime
Services PO Reference # : 4200029883Invoice # : RMS13Quote # : RMS13Date of Issue: 29/11/2017Payment due by: 29/12/2017
Invoice for Scoping Study Report for HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales
Service/Goods Description Quantity Fixed Price Total1. Construction:
a. required temporary constructionrequired to mount and house theHAENNI Dynamic Portable WeighScales being trialled.
2. Data Collection:a. Technology Data Collection.
b. User review Data Collection.
3. Scoping Study Report:a. Report creation.
b. Review sessions with RMS.
1
1
1
$43,250 $43,250
GST $4,325Sub-Total $47,575
Payment Details: Bank Transfer: AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, BSB 032108, A/C Payment Advice: Please email payment details (including date and amount) to [email protected]/money order: Please mail your order payable to AZH Consulting Pty Ltd, PO Box 235, Castle Hill, NSW 1765
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RFQ - Field Trial and Report for modern portable weigh scales
Roads and Maritime ServicesCompliance Branch
Request for Quotation7th December 2017
Field Trial and Report for modern portable weigh scales.
Contract Number 17.0000302935.1304-0004
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Request for Quotation
The Roads and Maritime Services of New South Wales (“RMS” “we” or “us”) seeks the quotation for the supply of:
Roads and Maritime Services is requesting the submission of a quotation for a field trial and detailed report for modern Portable Weigh Scale models which could potentially be used by RMS(enforcement operations branch) for heavy vehicle mass enforcement.
Schedule 1 – Requirements1.1 SCOPE DESCRIPTION AND DETAIL OF WORKS
The works under this contract involves running a field trial for 3 or more modern portable weigh scale models and a creation of a detailed report for the RMS which shows the results of the 3 or more scale models selected.
This includes the following categories of work:
1. Any required temporary construction and de-construction required to mount and house the scales being trialled.
2. Procurement of 3 brand-new world leading modern portable weigh scale models. Each set contains 6 scales.
Selected model scale/manufacturers mandatory requirements:i. A local (NSW) distribution arm.ii. A local (NSW) NMI licensed maintenance/certification arm.iii. A certificate for conformity which enables the model to be used for
mass infringements in NSW.iv. Scale accuracy +- 1% or better of gross axle mass(manufacture
declared)v. Scale Height < 45mm(manufacture declared)vi. Scale Width < 530mm(manufacture declared)vii. Scale Length < 860mm(manufacture declared)viii. Scale weight < 25kg(manufacture declared)
Note: For all scale models which meet these minimum requirements, these will remain in RMS possession after the completion of the trial.
3. Field Trials at a selected RMS on-road enforcement site. Minimum 1000 vehicle sample set per scale model required.
a. Example: vehicle ABC-123 is weighed using all 3(or more) portable scales to compare key parameters (described below).
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b. Note: On average, 10-20 vehicles can be weighed per 8 hour shift per day at a RMS on-road enforcement site.
4. Data Collection:a. Technology Data Collection.
i. Key Parameters to be measured/reported on for all portable scale models selected
1. Dimensions of each scale2. Dimensions of weighing surface/pad of each scale3. Durability: Demonstrated/proven/guaranteed life of scale(e.g.:
20 year estimated hardware life as demonstrated by the manufacturer in the use of the scale in any other jurisdiction around the world)
4. Accuracy: Weighing Accuracy of scale(as compared to its manufacturer declared tolerance)
5. Usability: a. Day/Night and Adverse weather conditionsb. Screen Visibility during Day/Night and Adverse weather
conditionsc. Weight of each scaled. Portability of each scalee. Charging of each scale (i.e. how is each scale
charged?)f. Connectivity(i.e./wired and/or wireless connectivity to
the scale for weight readings)
b. User review Data Collection.
5. Detailed Report:a. Report creation.b. Review sessions with RMS.
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2.1 ADDITIONAL DETAILED SCOPE
The Contract Work shall cover:
1. Any Temporary construction and de-construction required to mount the selected scale models.
2. Data Collection:a. Technology Data Collection:
The contractor is expected to collect all data from all technology sources used during the trial. This data could be stored locally on the device and/or centrally in a repository selected by RMS. The contractor must have this data securely available to RMS as requested.
b. User review Data Collection:The contractor is expected to collect information from the core users; primarily RMS stakeholders during and after the period of the field trial. This would include interviews post-trial to enable user reviews to be collected. The contractor must have this data available to RMS as requested.
3. Scoping Study Report:a. Report creation:
The contractor is expected to create a scoping study reports which is a proof of concept for the HAENNI Dynamic Portable Weigh Scales. The report should clearly show the testing methodology applied using standard scientific evidence based principles. The scoping study report should include:
I. Purpose/introductionII. BackgroundIII. Technology descriptionIV. Background of the requirement of this technologyV. Testing/trialling method used to prove concept VI. ResultsVII. ConclusionVIII. recommendation(s)IX. Photos and data are to be presented showing the
efficacy of the technology.
b. Review sessions with RMS.The contractor is expected to setup and manage review sessions with RMS. Generally, 5 or more review sessions would be required to enable knowledge to be transferred to RMS.
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3 ACCESS TO SITESite attendance is required. The successful contractor must present valid workers compensation insurance.
4 SEPARABLE PART OF THE WORKSThere are no separable parts in this Contract
5 CONCURRENT WORKThere are no concurrent works being performed with this Contract.
6 WORK HEALTH AND SAFETYFor the duration of the Contract the Contractor shall at all times comply with all Statutory Authority (including but not limited to WorkCover) regulations in regard to the safety and the implementation of the work.
7 AMENITIESNo amenity requirements.
8 COMPLETION AND STORAGEAll reports and related data must be securely stored by the contractor for at least a 7 year period, and cannot be divulged to any other party without the expressed written approval of the RFQ manager.
ANNEXURE 1 – PAYMENT
All costs associated with the job specific requirements are deemed to be included in the rates and prices generally for the work under the Contract.
PAY ITEM 1 – JOB SPECIFIC REQUIREMENT.MISCELLANEOUS CHARGES
RMS are to be advised before any miscellaneous charges are invoiced. Written approval is required from RMS for any miscellaneous charges.
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Schedule 2 – Quote Response FormSupplier Name
Supplier ABN
Contact Details
Title RFQ - Field Trial and Report for modern portable weigh scales
1. Nominated Personnel to perform the Services
Rate per day Ex GST
2. Nominated Personnel to perform the Services
Rate per day Ex GST
Fixed Price Offer (if applicable)
excluding GST
Proposed Commencement Date
Proposed Deliverable Date
Terms Our quote is based on the terms of the Contract referred to in the RFQ. No other terms will apply (including any standard terms which may be attached to our Quote or on our invoices).
Declaration We agree to comply with the NSW Government’s Procurement Policy Framework and the Roads & Maritime Statement of Business Ethics. There have been no findings of dishonest, unfair, unconscionable, corrupt or illegal conduct by us or any of our directors, executives or senior managers other than those (if any) expressly disclosed in our Quote.
Signed
…………………………………………. …………………………Signed Dated
Name of signatory
Position/Title
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Dated 7/12/2017
RFQ Manager Samer Soliman
RFQ Manager Email [email protected]
Closing date and time 15/12/2017
RFQ Reference N/A
Lodgement Method [email protected]
Quotation validity period 365 working days from the closing date
Communication Method Email: [email protected]
Phone:
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