scheikunde – klas 3 – reacties · scheikunde – klas 3 – reacties balancing reaction...

SCHEIKUNDE–KLAS3–REACTIES

MOLECULARFORMULAS

EXERCISE1:MOLECULARFORMULAS LEVEL1

A H2O

B C2H6

C C2H6O

D CO2

E C4H8O

F CHN


A HNO

B C3H6O

C C2H2

D C6H5NO

E C5H8O2S2

F C8H14N4O


A Carbon:1,hydrogen:3,fluorine:1

B Carbon:6,hydrogen:12,oxygen:6

C Nitrogen:2,sulfur:1,oxygen:2

D Carbon:4,hydrogen:9,nitrogen:1,oxygen:2



A C7H8NSBr B C10H6N2OClF


WORDEQUATIONS

EXERCISE5:WORDEQUATIONS LEVEL1

A iodine+chlorine→iodinetrichloride

B hydrogen+oxygen→water.

C sodium+chlorine→sodiumchloride.


A methaan→hydrogen+carbon

B hydrogensulfide+oxygen→ waterensulfurdioxide

C zinc+oxygen→ zincoxide


A trinitrotoluene→ carbondioxide+water+nitrogen+carbon

B acetone+oxygen→water+carbondioxide

C iron+oxygen→iron(II)oxide


BALANCINGREACTIONEQUATIONS

EXERCISE8:MOLECULARRATIO LEVEL1

A 10

B 4

C 1000

D 500.000

EXERCISE9:BALANCINGEQUATIONS LEVEL1

A 2Ca +O2 →2CaO

B 4K +O2 →2K2O

C 4Fe +3O2 →2Fe2O3

D 2Pb +O2 →2PbO


A H2 +Cl2 → 2HCl

B 3Mg +N2 →Mg3N2

C N2 +3H2 →2NH3

D 2H2O2 →2H2O +O2


A P4 +5O2 → 2P2O5

B 2NaN3 →2Na +3N2

C CO +2H2 →CH3OH

D 2KClO3 →2KCl +3O2



A C3H8 +5O2 →3CO2 +4H2O

B C6H12O6 →2C2H5OH +2CO2

C H2SO4 +2Cu →Cu2SO4 +H2

D Fe(OH)3 +3Na →3NaOH +Fe (shouldbeinR.E.withgroups)


A 4NH3 +5O2 →4NO+6H2O

B SO2 +2H2O+Br2 →H2SO4 +2HBr

C 4HCl +O2 →2Cl2 +2H2O

D 2H2SO4 +2Fe →Fe2(SO4)2 +2H2 (shouldbeinR.E.withgroups)


A 2Al +Fe2O3→Al2O3 +2Fe

B 4FeS +7O2 →2Fe2O3 +4SO2

C 2Fe(OH)3 +3H2 →6H2O +2Fe


A PCl5 +4H2O →H3PO4 +5HCl

B 2As +6NaOH →2Na3AsO3 +3H2

C Fe2O3 +3CO →2Fe +3CO2


REACTIONEQUATIONSWITHGROUPS

EXERCISE16:R.E.WITHGROUPS LEVEL1

A 2NaOH +K2S → 2KOH +Na2S

B CaCO3 +2Cu → Cu2CO3 +Ca

C AlPO4 +3Cu → Cu3PO4 +Al


A 3H2SO4 +2Fe →Fe2(SO4)3 +3H2

B 3KOH +H3PO4 →K3PO4 +3H2O

C Fe2(CO3)3 +6Na →3Na2CO3 +2Fe


A 3CaCl2 +2Na3PO4 →Ca3P2O8 +6NaCl

B 2Fe2(CO3)3 +Pb3(PO4)4 →4FePO4 +3Pb(CO3)2

C 2Fe(OH)3 +3Cl2 →3H2O2 +2FeCl3


COMBUSTIONREACTIONS

EXERCISE19:COMBUSTIONREACTIONS LEVEL1

A CO2+SO2

B CO2+H2O

C H2O+SO2

D CO2+H2O+SO2


A CS2 +2O2 →CO2 +2SO2

B 2C2H6 +7O2 →4CO2 +6H2O

C C4H10O +6O2 →4CO2 +5H2O


A C4H8 +6O2 →4CO2 +4H2O

B 2H2S +3O2 →2H2O +2SO2

C 2C4H8O +11O2 →8CO2 +8H2O


A 2C4H4O +9O2 →8CO2 +4H2O

B 2C4H10 +13O2 →8CO2 +10H2O

C 2C3H6S +11O2 →6CO2 +6H2O +2SO2


MAKINGREACTIONEQUATIONS

EXERCISE23:MAKINGREACTIONEQUATIONS LEVEL1

A 2NaCl →2Na +Cl2

B CH4 +2O2 →CO2 +2H2O

C C +O2 →CO2


A I2 +3Cl2 →2ICl3

B 2C2H6 +7O2 →4CO2 +6H2O

C 2H2 +O2 →2H2O


A 4H2 +CO2 →2H2O +CH4

B 2C12H26 +37O2 →24CO2 +26H2O

C S8 +8O2 →8SO2


A 2Al2O3 →4Al +3O2

B 2C8H18 +25O2 →16CO2 +18H2O

C 2C2H6S +9O2 →4CO2 +6H2O +2SO2



A 2H2O +C →2H2 +CO2

B 2C6H14 +19O2 →12CO2 +14H2O

C CS2 +3O2 →CO2 +2SO2


A 6HNO3 +2Fe → 2Fe(NO3)3) +3H2

B C3H6O +4O2 →3CO2 +3H2O

C 2C2H6S2O2 +9O2 →4CO2 +6H2O +4SO2


A 3H2SO4 +2Al →Al2(SO4)3 +3H2

B C2H5OH +3O2 →2CO2 +3H2O

C 2C3H8SO +11O2 →6CO2 +8H2O +2SO2


UNITS

EXERCISE30:UNITS LEVEL1

A 3.0g=3000kg

B 2.0dm3=2.0L

C 5.4kg=5400g

D 7.2mL=0.0072L


A 2.0mg=0.0000020kg

B 2.0cm3=0.0020L

C 8.2kg=8200g

D 9.1mL=0.0091dm3


A 4.0g/L=4.0kg/m3

B 2.4g/cm3=2400g/L

C 5.7ton=5700000g

D 6.2mL=0.0000062m3


LAVOISIER’SLAW

EXERCISE33:LAVOISIER’SLAW LEVEL2

A Thetotalmassofthestartingsubstancesisalwaysequaltothetotalmassofthereactionproducts.Therefore,theansweris72grams.

B Becauseatomsdonotdisappear(theyrearrangetofornewmolecules)andbecausethenumberofatomsstaysthesame,theircombinedmassstaysthesameaswell.

EXERCISE34:LAVOISIER’SLAW LEVEL3

16.0+128.0=144.0grams.


MOLECULARMASS

EXERCISE35:MOLECULARMASS LEVEL1

A 32.0u C 160.0uB 256.8u D 48.0u


A 46.0u C 46.0uB 102.0u D 180.0u


A 88.0u C 85.0uB 60.1u D 78.0u


MASSRATIO

EXERCISE38:MASSRATIO LEVEL1

A 30:60.Thiscouldbesimplifiedto1:2,butdoesnothavetobedone.

B 60:40.Thiscouldbesimplifiedto3:2,butdoesnothavetobedone.


A 8.0:1.0

B 28.0:6.0(of14.0:3.0)


A 32.0:22.0(of16.0:11.0)

B 8.0:22.0(of4.0:11.0)


CALCULATEMASSRATIO

EXERCISE41:CALCULATEMASSRATIO LEVEL1

A 32.0:4.0

B 6.0:28.0

C 108.0:96.0

D 256.0:256.8


A 6,0:32,0

B 6,0:28,0.

C 204,0:108,0

D 256,8:256,0


A 4,0:36,0

B 6,0:34,0.

C 204,0:96,0

D 256,8:512,8


CALCULATIONSI

EXERCISE44:CALCULATEMASS LEVEL1

(3.0/7.0)*4.0=1.7g


(1.5/23.0)*35.5=2.3g


Massratioiron:ironoxide=55.8:7..8 (2.5/55.8)*71.8=3.2g


Massratiooxygen:copper(I)oxide=16.0:143.0 (3.0/16.0)*143.0=26.8g


Massratioaluminium:aluminiumoxide=27.0:51.0 (7.0/27.0)*51.0=13.2g


Massratiocalcium:calciumchloride:calcium=111.0:40.0 (3.0/111.0)*40.0=1.1g


Massratiocalcium:oxygen=5.0:2.0 (5.0/5.0)*2.0=2.0g


CALCULATIONSII


MassratioH2:O2=4.0:32.0

(4.0/4.0)*32.0=32.0g


MassratioH2:N2=6.0:28.0

(5.0/6.0)*28.0=23.3g


MassratioO2:FeS=224.0:351.6

(18.0/224.0)*351.6=28.3g


MassratioCaCl2:NaCl=333.3:351.0

(22.0/333.3)*351.0=23.2g


30.0*1.98=59.4gCO2

MassratioCO2:C6H12O6=264:180

(59.4/264)*180=40.5g



2As+6NaOH→2Na3AsO3+3H2

MassratioNa3AsO3:NaOH=383.3:240.0

(0.400/383.3)*240.0=0.25g


PCl5+4H2O→H3PO4+5HCl

MassratioHCl:PCl5=36.5:208.5

(3.5/36.5)*208.5=20.0g


SURPLUS

EXERCISE58:SURPLUS LEVEL1

A MassratioH2:SnO2=4.0:247.9

(3.0/4.0)*247.9=184.9g

B MassratioSnO2:H2=247.9:4.0

(25.0/247.9)*4=0.4g

C Youcanexplainthisintwoways:

ToallowalltheH2toreact(exerciseA),184.9gSnO2isneeded.However,thereis25.0gSnO2sothereisnotenoughSnO2.SoH2isinexcess.

ToallowalltheSnO2toreact(exerciseA),0.4gH2isneeded.However,thereis3.0gH2sothereismoreH2thannecessary.Therefore,H2isinexcess.

ThesurplusofH2is3.0–0.4=2.6g


MassratioKOH:H3PO4=168.3:98.0

(4.5/168.3)*98.0=2.6gH3PO4

Thereismorethan2.6gH3PO4soH3PO4isinexcesswith11.0–2.6=8.4g



A MassratioKNO3:H2CO3=202.2:62.0

(12.0/202.2)*62.0=3.7g

ThereismoreH2CO3thannecessary,soH2CO3isinexcesswith12.0–3.7=8.3g.

B UseKNO3forfurthercalculationssinceallofit(all12.0g)reacts.IfyouwanttouseH2CO3,use3.7g(themaximummassthatcanreact)asmassofsubstancethatreacts.

MassratioKNO3:K2CO3=202.2:138.2 (12.0/202.2)*138.2=8.2gK2CO3 MassratioKNO3:HNO3=202.2:126.0 (12.0/202.2)*126.0=7.5gHNO3

scheikunde – klas 3 – reacties · scheikunde – klas 3 – reacties balancing reaction...

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