schizophrenia psychological theories psychodynamic behaviourist cognitive psychlotron.org.uk
TRANSCRIPT
Schizophrenia
• Psychological theories• Psychodynamic• Behaviourist• Cognitive
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Psychodynamic
• Psychological disorders assumed to be manifestations of:• Imbalance between id, ego &
superego• Attempts to deal with unacceptable
repressed material
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Healthy Psyche
Id Superego
Ego
OK Guys – I’m in charge. Anything you want has to go
through me.
OK.OK.
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Neurotic
Id
Superego
Ego
Listen up! I’m in charge, and you are not here to enjoy yourselves. Get ready for a double-size portion of anxiety with a side
order of guilt!
No fun.
>whimper<
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Psychotic
Id
SuperegoEgo
Sex! Food! Drink! Drugs! NOW!
Who turned out the lights?
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Psychodynamic
• Regression to primary narcissism• Id takes over• No distinction between reality &
fantasy, self & others• Inability to function; delay
gratification
• Assumed to be due to maternal behaviour (schizogenic mother)
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Behaviourist
• Mental disorders regarded as sets of learned behaviour• Behaviour acquired through
observation of others• Behaviour maintained through
operant processes
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Cognitive
• Abnormal behaviours assumed to arise from faulty thinking processes• Bentall (2004) presents an account of
how psychotic symptoms occur, but rejects the idea that schiz. is a discrete diagnostic entity
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Cognitive
• Hallucinations• Misattributed inner speech
• Delusions• Attempts to make sense of
hallucinatory experiences• Once delusion arises, attentional bias
tends to maintain it
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Cognitive
• Disorganised thinking & speech• Difficulty distinguishing between
thinking and speech• Deficits in STM and semantic memory• Exacerbated by emotional arousal,
resulting in ‘vicious circle’ or disorganisation
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org.
uk