scholarly social machines
DESCRIPTION
dhARC Workshop, TORCH, Oxford UK, 13 Jun 2014TRANSCRIPT
David De Roure
Scholarly Social Machines
A revolutionary idea…Open Science! rstl.royalsocietypublishing.org
Overview
1. Shifts in Scholarly Practice
2. Research Objects
3. Social Machines
The Big Picture
More people
More
mach
ines
Big DataBig Compute
Conventional Computation
“Big Social”Social Networks
e-infrastructure
Online R&D(Science 2.0)
@dder
?SocialMachines
Edwards, P. N., et al. (2013) Knowledge Infrastructures: Intellectual Frameworks and Research Challenges. Ann Arbor: Deep Blue. http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/97552
Chr
istin
e B
orgm
an
Pip Willcox
F i r s t
New Social Process
http://www.theguardian.com/uk/series/reading-the-riots
Interdisciplinary and “in the wild”
In it not on it Pull not Push
www.zooniverse.org
Scientists
TalkForum
ImageClassification
data reduction
Citizen Scientists
http://www.scilogs.com/eresearch/pages-of-history/ David De Roure
http://ww
w.scilogs.com
/eresearch/pages-of-history/D
avid
De
Ro
ure
9. Write for many read by few
data
methodscript
program
workflow
model
protocol
…
Research Objects
ComputationalResearch Objects
The Evolution of myExperiment
WorkflowsPacks O
AIO
RE
W3C PRO
V
Social Objects
The R Dimensions
Research Objects facilitate research that is reproducible, repeatable, replicable, reusable, referenceable, retrievable, reviewable, replayable, re-interpretable, reprocessable, recomposable, reconstructable, repurposable, reliable, respectful, reputable, revealable, recoverable, restorable, reparable, refreshable?”
@dder 14 April 2014
sci method
access
understand
new use
social
curation
Research Object
Principles
A computationally-enabled sense-making network of expertise,
data, software, models and narratives
Iain Buchan
Real life is and must be full of all kinds of social constraint – the very processes from which society arises. Computers can help if we use them to create abstract social machines on the Web: processes in which the people do the creative work and the machine does the administration... The stage is set for an evolutionary growth of new social engines. The ability to create new forms of social process would be given to the world at large, and development would be rapid. Berners-Lee, Weaving the Web, 1999 (pp.
172–175)
Social Machines
SOCIAM: The Theory and Practice of Social Machines is funded by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) under grant number EPJ017728/1 and comprises the Universities of Southampton, Oxford and Edinburgh. See sociam.org
“Yet Wikipedia and its stated ambition to “compile the sum of all human knowledge” are in trouble. The volunteer workforce that built the project’s flagship, the English-language Wikipedia—and must defend it against vandalism, hoaxes, and manipulation—has shrunk by more than a third since 2007 and is still shrinking… The main source of those problems is not mysterious. The loose collective running the site today, estimated to be 90 percent male, operates a crushing bureaucracy with an often abrasive atmosphere that deters newcomers who might increase participation in Wikipedia and broaden its coverage…”
http://www.technologyreview.com/featuredstory/520446/the-decline-of-wikipedia/
http://wikimania2014.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page/Social_Machines
The Yongle Encyclopedia (simplified Chinese: 永乐大典 ; traditional Chinese: 永樂大典 ; pinyin: Yǒnglè Dàdiǎn; literally The Great Canon or Vast Documents of the Yongle Era) was a Chinese compilation of information commissioned by the Ming Dynasty emperor Yongle in 1403 and completed by 1408. It was the world's largest known general encyclopedia at its time, unsurpassed for six centuries.
http://yongledadian.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/volume/f0a4265c-c914-42fb-8a52-0eefc44cfa2a
Over two thousand scholars worked on the project under the direction of the Yongle Emperor, who reigned from 1402 to 1424. The scholars incorporated 8,000 texts from ancient times through the early Ming Dynasty. Many subjects were covered, including agriculture, art, astronomy, drama, geology, history, literature, medicine, natural sciences, religion and technology, as well as descriptions of unusual natural events.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongle_Encyclopedia
ScholarlyMachinesEcosystemDavid De Roure, JCDL 2013
RichardO’Bierne
Stories withinSocial
Machines
Stories about Social Machines
Social Machines for
stories
Now we consider...
SOCIAL MACHINES AS STORIES
STORYTELLING AS A STETHOSCOPE FOR SOCIAL MACHINES
1. Sociality through storytelling potential and realization
2. Sustainability through reactivity and interactivity
3. Emergence through collaborative authorship and mixed authority
Zooniverse is a highly storified Social Machine
Facebook doesn’t allow for improvisation
Wikipedia assigns authority rights rigidly
Segolène Tarte, David De Roure and Pip Willcox, (2014). Working out the plot: the role of stories in social machines. 2nd International Workshop on the Theory and Practice of Social Machines http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/ora:8033
1. Shifts in scholarship – crowd and cloud?– A “turn” or ongoing transformation?
2. Is innovation constrained?– Don’t retrofit digital, think post-digital– Social Machines for Open Innovation,
Crowd Funding
3. Think Social Machines– New social processes at the scale of the
population, created by citizens– Can you view your projects as social machines?
Thanks to Christine Borgman, Iain Buchan, Richard O'Beirne,Pip Willcox, FORCE11, myExperiment, SOCIAM and Smart Society
SOCIAM: The Theory and Practice of Social Machines is funded by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) under grant number EPJ017728/1 and comprises the Universities of Southampton, Oxford and Edinburgh. See sociam.org
[email protected]/people/dder
@dder
