school discipline institute “meeting the challenge” 2012 safe & healthy students conference...
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School Discipline Institute
“Meeting the Challenge”2012 Safe & Healthy Students Conference
Washington DC
George SugaiOSEP Center on PBIS
Center for Behavioral Education & ResearchUniversity of Connecticut
August 9 2012
www.pbis.org [email protected]
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Getting Tough
Teaching to Corner
Nov 1985 KappanSchool Discipline
Challenge:Academic & behavior success (failure) are
linked!
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“Students w/ disabilities are almost 2x as likely to be suspended from school as nondisabled students, w/ the highest rates among black children w/ disabilities.”
NYTimes, M. Rich Aug 7 2012
• 13% w/ v. 7% w/o• 1 in 4 black K-12 students
High suspension correlated w/ • Low achievement• Dropout• Juvenile incarceration
>1 Susp. 1 Year
• 1 in 6 black • 1 in 13 Amer Indian• 1 in 14 Latinos• 1 in 20 Whites
Not correlated w/ race of staff
Dan Losen & Jonathan GillespieCenter for Civil Rights Remedies at
UCLA
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Intermediate/senior high school with 880
students reported over 5,100 office discipline
referrals in one academic year. Nearly 2/3 of
students had received at least 1 office discipline
referral.
“Take a Number”
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5,100 referrals (odr)
@ 15 min/odr = 76,500 min
= 1,275 hrs admin time
@ 8 hr/day 159 days
Administrative Impact
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5,100 referrals (odr)
@ 45 min/odr = 229,500 min
= 3,825 hrs instruction
@ 7 hr/day = 546 days
Instructional Impact
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Give Priority to Effective Practices
Less Effective
Label Student
Exclude Student
Blame Family
Punish Student
Assign Restitution
Require Apology
More Effective
Invest in School-Wide
Teach & Reinf Soc Sk
Actively Supervise & Prevent
Individualization based on Competence
Consider Culture & Context
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“Early Triangle”
Walker, Knitzer, Reid, et al., CDC
(Walker et al., 1995, p. 201)
Prevention Logic
• Reduce # new• Reduce intensity of existing
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Primary Prevention:School-/Classroom-Wide Systems for
All Students,Staff, & Settings
Secondary Prevention:Specialized Group
Systems for Students with At-Risk Behavior
Tertiary Prevention:Specialized
IndividualizedSystems for Students
with High-Risk Behavior
~80% of Students
~15%
~5%
CONTINUUM OFSCHOOL-WIDE
INSTRUCTIONAL & POSITIVE BEHAVIOR
SUPPORT
ALL
SOME
FEW
Horner, Lewis, Sugai, Todd, Walker…1995
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Universal
Targeted
Intensive
All
Some
FewContinuum of Support for
ALL
Dec 7, 2007
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Universal
Targeted
IntensiveContinuum of Support for
ALL“Theora”
Dec 7, 2007
Science
Soc Studies
Reading
Math
Soc skills
Basketball
Spanish
Label behavior…not people
Writing
Tech
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Universal
Targeted
IntensiveContinuum of
Support:“Molcom”
Dec 7, 2007
Prob Sol.
Coop play
Adult rel.
Anger man.
Attend.
Peer interac
Ind. play
Align behavioral supports
Self-assess
Acc. Fdbk
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ESTABLISHING CONTINUUM of SWPBS
SECONDARY PREVENTION• Check in/out• Targeted social skills
instruction• Peer-based supports• Social skills club•
TERTIARY PREVENTION• Function-based support• Wraparound• Person-centered planning• •
PRIMARY PREVENTION• Teach SW expectations• Proactive SW discipline• Positive reinforcement• Effective instruction• Parent engagement•
SECONDARY PREVENTION• • • • •
TERTIARY PREVENTION• • • • •
PRIMARY PREVENTION• • • • • •
Homework
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SYST
EMS
PRACTICES
DATA
SupportingStaff Behavior
SupportingStudent Behavior
OUTCOMES
Supporting Social Competence &
Academic Achievement
SupportingDecisionMaking
Vincent, Randall, Cartledge, Tobin, & Swain-Bradway 2011; Sugai, O’Keeffe, &
Fallon, in press
CULTURALLYRELEVANT
CULTURALLYVALID
CULTURALLYSKILLED
CULTURALLYEQUITABLE
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Basic“Logic”
SYST
EMS
PRACTICES
DATATraining
+Coaching
+Evaluation
Cultural/Context Considerations
Improve “Fit”
Start w/ effective,
efficient, & relevant, doable
Prepare & support
implementation
ImplementationFidelity
MaximumStudent
Outcomes
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PreK-K Elementary Middle High PreK-8 PreK-12 Others0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
12.4 - Mean Percentage Students (2010-11 Reg Ed) (Majors Only)
Students 0 or 1 Students 2 to 5 Students 6+
N = 2979 889 390 254
2%
7%
91%
5%
12%
83%
7%
15%
78%
4%
10%
86%
Most are responsive…but
some need a bit more.
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PreK-K Elementary Middle High PreK-8 PreK-12 Others0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100% 12.5 - Mean Percentage ODRs (2010-11 Reg Ed) (Majors Only)
Students 0 or 1 Students 2 to 5 Students 6+
N = 2979 889 390 254
% of Students 9% 17% 22% 14%
33%
41%
25%
42%
39%
19%
44%
38%
17%
40%
39%
21%
75% 81% 83% 79%
And we know who they are!
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“Multi-Tiered Systems of Support”….
Whole-school, data-driven,
prevention-based framework for
improving learning outcomes for
all students through layered
continuum of evidence-based
practices & systems
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Funding Visibility PolicyPoliticalSupport
Training CoachingBehavioral Expertise
Evaluation
LEADERSHIP TEAM(Coordination)
Local School/District Implementation Demonstrations
SWPBS Implementation
Blueprint
www.pbis.org