school training module 1 autism defined and overview
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Regional Autism Advisory Council of
Southwest Ohio (RAAC-SWO)
RAAC Training Committee 2011
The Basics of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Training Series
Training Series Modules
Module One: Autism Defined, Autism Prevalence and Primary Characteristics
Module Two: Physical Characteristics of Autism
Module Three: Cognition and Learning in Autism
Module Four: Getting the Student Ready to Learn
Module Five: Structuring the Classroom Environment
Module Six: Using Reinforcement in the Classroom
Training Series Modules
Module Seven: Autism and Sensory Differences
Module Eight: Sensory in the Classroom
Module Nine: Communication and Autism
Module Ten: Communication in the Classroom
Module Eleven: Behavior Challenges and Autism
Module Twelve: Understanding Behavior in Students with Autism
Training Series ModulesModule Thirteen: Social Skills in the School
Environment
Module Fourteen: Functional Behavior Assessment
Module Fifteen: Working Together as a Team
Module Sixteen: Autism and Leisure Skills to Teach
Module Seventeen: Special Issues of Adolescence
Module Eighteen: Safety and Autism
Module Nineteen: Special Issues: High School, Transition, and Job Readiness
Training Series ModulesModule Twenty: Asperger Syndrome: Managing
and Organizing the Environment
Module Twenty-One: Asperger Syndrome: Addressing Social Skills
Autism Spectrum Disorder Defined
An Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a brain-based or neurobiological disorder of development.
ASD causes differences in the way the brain processes
ASD affects understanding and use of language to interact and communicate with people.
Big Idea
ASD is a brain-based disorder that results in differences in the way individuals understand and interact with their world.
Affects of ASD on Individuals
ASD effects:
· the way a person relates to people, events, and objects in the environment.
· the way a person responds to sensory stimuli such as pain, hearing, taste, smell, etc.
· the way a person learns and thinks.
Different Types of ASD
Autistic Disorder
Biggest Challenges:· Difficulties with social interaction.· Difficulties with communication.· Restricted interests and activities
that they like to do over and over again.
· Repetitive behaviors, such as rocking or arm flapping.
Autistic Disorder Continued
Other Characteristics: · Usually behaviors can be seen by
three years of age. · Some children develop regularly
the first years, then begin to lose their learned skills.
Asperger Syndrome
Biggest Challenges:
· Difficulty with social interactions.· Individuals appear to understand directions
even when they don’t. For example, we may think they are being uncooperative.
· Individuals like to talk a lot about things that really interest them.
Asperger Syndrome Continued
Other Characteristics:
Intelligence ranges from average to well above average, so they may appear really smart, but cannot do everyday things independently.
PDD-NOS(Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Not
Otherwise Specified)
Diagnosis often made when a person does not meet the criteria for a specific diagnosis (i.e. Autism, Asperger).
· There is generally an overall impairment in communication, social interactions, and individuals may have restricted interests.
Who gets ASD?
All races, nationalities and socioeconomic groups
Boys are more likely to be diagnosed with ASD
More common within families
Prevalence of ASDLeukemia 1 in 25,000
Muscular Dystrophy 1 in 20,000
Pediatric Aids 1 in 8,000
Childhood Cancer 1 in 7,000
Polio (1952 peak rate) 1 in 4,000
Hearing Impairment 1 in 900
Visual Impairment 1 in 800
Down Syndrome 1 in 800
Juvenile Diabetes 1 in 500
Cerebral Palsy 1 in 400
Autism (per Center for Disease Control (CDC) March 2011)
1 in 110
Why are more people diagnosed with autism today?
Better rules for diagnosis
Asperger Syndrome added to ASD in 1994
Increased awareness of ASD
People believe there are more services for an individual if the person has a diagnosis of ASD.
Wrong diagnosis
There are more persons with autism.
There are no two persons with autism exactly alike
“If you’ve met one person with autism, you’ve met one
person
with autism.”
Stephen Shore, Adult with Autism
Quick Facts about Autism Autism is the most common developmental disability, affecting 1 in
110 births … most recent Dec. 2010 Center for Disease Control (CDC)
study
A decade ago, the rate was thought to be 4-5 in 10,000
4 children with autism are born in the USA every hour … 35,000 per
year
Autism is 4 times more common in boys than in girls.
Autism is often under-diagnosed in children – typically diagnosed
by age 3-7
Autism Facts Continued Autism is the fastest growing serious developmental disability in the
US, growing 10-17% per year
Cost of autism is estimated at $35-$90 billion – 90% of that is spent on adult services
Recent estimate (by Harvard) is that cost is $3.2M/person over their lifetime
The costs are expected to more than double in the next decade
For more information, see: www.autism-society.org or www.autismspeaks.org
“The greatest underserved disability group”