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3SCIENCE Course Description

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Series Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

General Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Course Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Unit Breakdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Unit 1 . Living Things . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Unit 2 . Our Bodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Unit 3 . Matter and Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Unit 4 . Motion, Forces and Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Unit 5 . The Earth in the Universe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

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Series Description

This EduSystem’s Science K-6 series was developed based on the curricular design Puerto Rico Core Standards and the Curriculum Framework created by the Department of Education of Puerto Rico. Additionally, the content has been enriched with curricular frameworks developed by other educational entities and private schools.

This series presents the content in a dynamic, stimulating, innovative and recreational manner. The series gives the students the opportunity to build their knowledge through the cognitive development of scientific concepts, principles, and laws. The series also encourages the study of this discipline by putting scientific research, science skills, and the scientific method within the student’s reach.

Conceptual FrameworkThe design and conceptualization of the K-6 series is founded upon the following basic principles:

1 . The need for emphasis on:

b Encouraging students to think logically and analytically to develop reasoning and interpretive skills used for problem solving during the learning process.

b Learning science by “doing science” through the completion of various activities, experiments, and scientific inquiry.

b Promoting curricular integration and the application of scientific Keywords to real life situations.

b Systematically organizing the learning process (in sequence, going from the con-crete to the abstract).

b Encouraging the development of multiple talents and the opportunity to express them in different ways.

b Promoting the development of keywords, principles, laws, scientific processes, and related skills.

b Providing strategies to address the individuality of each student.

2 . The activities integrate a constructivist approach by encouraging more student participa-tion in the building of knowledge and the development of skills.

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General Objectives

The objectives of this Series are to:

b Promote learning through real life experiences.

b Encourage the use of information technology as a learning tool.

b Educate students on the protection and conservation of the environment.

b Promote reflection and self-evaluation during the learning process.

b Promotes experiences for the development and appreciation of science and the world around us.

b Integrate the different scientific disciplines, such as chemistry, physics, and biology, among others with disciplines from other fields.

b Encourage participation in scientific inquiry and the development of keywords, skills and scientific processes.

b Integrate standards and grade level expectations.

b Provide situations, activities, and exercises to actively build and apply knowledge to different situations.

b Encourage students to work with both concrete and abstract keywords.

b Contribute to the development of language as a means of individual and collective communication while incorporation of scientific vocabulary.

b Enrich the lessons with level appropriate documents, activities, and exercises.

b Highlight the scientific environment in accordance with grade level.

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Course StructureThe course Science 3 is composed of five units. Each unit is composed of lessons. Each lesson is divided into sections that develop their individual topics. Each lesson contains a descriptive log, activities, worksheets and handouts that are related to the content and, as in most cases, website links and resources. It also proposes assessment exercises in order to help the students in different tasks.

Here are some of the sections normally found in each lesson’s presentation and documents.

Presentation

Let’s ExploreIn this section, the students will look at impor-tant details of a photograph. Additionally, they will discuss and answer questions geared toward increasing their curiosity towards different topics that will be discussed in the lessons.

TopicsConcept development, where the content will be discussed using specific situations for ex-ploration while presenting other examples.

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Connect to What You Have LearnedInformation that students can apply to daily life. It will also help them understand what they study in class.

Link to . . .In this section, students will be able to relate a topic to other areas of science.

ThinkQuestions that help students reason and express their opinions about the topic presented in the Link to… section.

IconsEach of the sections in our lessons is identified with an icon. These help both the student and the teacher compliment their ideas and activities. Be-low, you will find the icon next to a description of its function.

Callenge Your MindAn exercise or situation in which students will be prompted to think critically.

Scientists in ActionA variety of activities for evaluation in which students will have the opportunity to express themselves and investigate a topic from the lesson.

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Audio

Answers

Interactive Icons

Icons for Activities

Images

Games

Read

Vocabulary

Videos

Web

Art

Information

Crafts

Music

Homework

Steps

Writing

Assignments

Let’s Solve Together

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Handouts and Worksheets

Let’s Investigate This document presents an inquiry activity in which the students will learn science by “doing science” and participate in activities related to scientific investigation.

Did You Know? This document presents intriguing scientific topics and trivia to stimulate students’ imaginations.

Motivate Your Mind This document includes a number of stimulating activities that will help students better understand the topics discussed in class.

Ecological Awareness This document will prompt the students to learn and actively contribute to the preservation of our environment.

Scientific Zone This document presents a scientific concept related to a specific process in such a way that learning can be integrated along with a single scientific skill.

Complementary Documents A variety of activities, exercises, and games related to the topics discussed in the lesson.

Vocabulary

Definitions of the most important keywords in the lesson.

Evaluation

Practical exercises to verify the student’s learning process.

The lessons 00 contain unit documents that may be used at the beginning, during, or after discussing the corresponding unit.

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Unit BreakdownBelow is an itemization of the division of each unit by lessons, including the name of each lesson with its corresponding objectives and keywords.

Unit 1 . Living Things

At the end of this unit the student will have completed the objectives found in the following lessons.

Lesson 0 . Living ThingsCode: C417G03U01L00

Unit Documents: Scientific Zone and Evaluation

Lesson 1 . Life on Our Planet Code: C417G03U01L01

Objectives

b Differentiate between living and non-living things.

b List and describe the common needs of living beings.

b Explain what a habitat is.

b Classify living things between two categories: terrestrial or aquatic.

b Sort living things into one of the following groups: fungi, plants, animals, or mi-croorganisms.

Keywords b adaptations

b animals b fungi b habitat b living thing b macroscopic b microorganisms b microscopic b non-living thing b plants

b terrestrial

Lesson 2 . The World of Plants Code: C417G03U01L02

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Objectives

b Name the characteristics of plants.

b Describe the parts of a plant.

b List and describe the parts of a plant and a seed.

b Describe the two types of leaves and fruit.

b Make note of the uses of certain plants.

b Classify plants according to their use.

b Remark upon the dangers certain plants pose to humans.

Keywords b epiphyte b photosynthesis

b the parts of a plant: leaves, stem, root, fruit, seeds, and flowers b types of plant: edible, medicinal, industrial and ornamental plants b undergrowth b veins

Lesson 3 . The World of AnimalsCode: C417G03U01L03

Objectives

b Group animals as aquatic, terrestrial, or aerial according to their habitat.

b Classify animals by the way they move.

b Appreciate life in community.

b Classify animals as vertebrate or invertebrate.

b Classify vertebrates by bodily structure as: birds, reptiles, amphibians, and mam-mals.

b Remark upon the importance that animals have for human beings.

Keywords b amphibian b animals b aquatic b fish b invertebrate b mammals

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b reptiles b terrestrial

b vertebrate

Lesson 4 . Living Things and the EnvironmentCode: C417G03U01L04

Objectives

b Recognize that all living things need other living things.

b Define: herbivore, carnivore, and omnivore.

b Differentiate between consumers and producers.

b Name organisms in a food chain.

b Organize a food chain.

b Recognize that every living thing is part of a food chain.

b Value life.

b Note some of the adaptations that animals develop to survive in an environment.

Keywords

b adaptation

b biological control

b consumers: first and second level consumers

b decomposers

b food chain

b herbivores, detritivores, omnivores, carnivores

b primary, secondary, tertiary consumer

b producers

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Unit 2 . Our Bodies


Lesson 0 . Our BodiesCode: C417G03U02L00


Lesson 1 . The Five Senses Code: C417G03U02L01

Objectives

b Explain how the senses let us communicate with the world.

b Match organs to the senses.

b Explain how each of the organs related to the senses works.

b Note the purpose and importance of the senses.

Keywords

b eye b nose b skin b taste buds b tongue

Lesson 2 . Inside Our BodiesCode: C417G03U02L02

Objectives

b Label the parts of the human skeleton.

b Identify important organs: the brain, the heart, the lungs, the stomach, the large intestine, the small intestine, and the kidneys.

b Describe the following internal organs: brain, heart, lungs, stomach, large intestine, small intestine and kidneys.

b Explain how internal organs work.

Keywords

b alimentary bolus

b brain

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b chyme

b head

b heart

b kidneys

b large intestine

b limbs

b lungs

b organs

b small intestine

b stomach

b torso

Lesson 3 . Let’s Get Moving!Code: C417G03U02L03

Objectives

b Describe how the human moves.

b Label and explain the parts of the skeleton.

b Name the parts that make up the head and the torso.

b Explain the function of the torso, the extremities, and the muscles.

b Classify extremities as superior and inferior.

b Classify muscles into two groups: voluntary and involuntary.

Keywords b backbone

b cranium

b face

b foot

b knee

b legs

b muscles

b ribs

b shoulders

b skeleton

b sternum

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b superior and inferior extremities

b tendons

b thighs

b voluntary and involuntary movements

Lesson 4 . Nutrition and Your BodyCode: C417G03U02L04

Objectives

b Discover the importance of nutrition in the human body.

b Classify people as vegetarian or omnivores according to their diet.

b Discover how nutrients work within the human body.

b Describe the groups included in MyPlate.

b Demonstrate the diet a person should follow in accordance to with age and level of activity.

b Describe food safety guidelines for: fruits, vegetables, and animal byproducts.

b List ways to stay healthy.

Keywords b carbohydrates

b herbivores

b MyPlate

b omnivores

b proteins

b vegetarians

b vitamins

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Unit 3 . Matter and Energy


Lesson 0 . Matter and EnergyCode: C417G03U03L00


Lesson 1 . Everything is Made up of MatterCode: C417G03U03L01

Objectives

b Identify what matter is.

b Describe the properties of matter.

b Define mass and volume.

b Note what units are used to measure volume and mass.

b Describe how to measure the volume of liquids and how to obtain the mass of an object.

b Identify some of the properties that help us classify objects.

Keywords

b graduated cylinder

b mass

b matter

b properties

b scale

b volume

Lesson 2 . Solid, Liquid, or GasCode: C417G03U03L02

Objectives

b Specify the states of matter as: solid, liquid and gas.

b Detail the characteristics of each of the states of matter.

b Describe what the fluidity and the viscosity of liquids is.

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b Demonstrate how solids and fluids occupy a finite amount of space.

Keywords

b fluidity

b states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas

b viscosity

b volume

b wind

Lesson 3 . Changing Sates of Matter Code: C417G03U03L03

Objectives

b Identify the changes in state of matter.

b Describe how both solid and liquid matter interact with heat.

b Describe what happens to liquid matter when heat is removed.

b Describe what happens to gas matter when it loses heat.

b Show how water changes throughout the water cycle depending on temperatures.

Keywords

b condensation

b evaporation

b fusion

b gaseous

b liquid

b melt

b solid

b solidification

b thaw

Lesson 4 . The Power of EnergyCode: C417G03U03L04

Objectives

b Define energy.

b Specify some materials used to make fuel.

b Detail what energy sources humans benefit from.

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b Specify the ways energy manifests itself.

b Classify objects as transparent, translucent, and opaque.

b Explain the conversion of energy.

Keywords

b energy

b fuel

b hydroelectric

b noise

b thermoelectric

b transparent, translucent and opaque objects

b types of energy: caloric, wind, light, and sound energy

b wave

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Unit 4 . Motion, Forces and Machines

At the end of this unit the student will have completed the objectives found in the following lessons .

Lesson 0 . Motion, Forces and MachinesCode: C417G03U04L00


Lesson 1 . MotionCode: C417G03U04L01

Objectives

b Define motion.

b Describe how objects move in relation to point of reference.

b Define rest as a fixed position in relation to a point of reference.

b Detail that in order to study the motion of bodies one must measure time and distance.

b Remark that living things can move and that non-living things cannot move on their own.

b Describe the trajectory of an object as either curvilinear or rectilinear motion.

b Classify the movement of objects as rectilinear, curvilinear, semicircular or circular.

b Detail what translation and rotation mean in terms of motion.

Keywords

b circular motion

b curvilinear

b motion

b point of reference

b rectilinear

b rest

b rotation

b semicircular

b trajectory: curvilinear or rectilinear

b translation (motion)

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Lesson 2 . ForceCode: C417G03U04L02

Objectives

b Define force.

b Explain how force acts upon a body.

b Explain the difference between force and mass.

b Describe friction and its effects.

b Define gravity, weight, and work.

Keywords

b force

b friction

b gravity

b mass

b weight

b work

Lesson 3 . Magnetic AttractionCode: C417G03U04L03

Objectives

b Describe magnetic force.

b Define magnets and magnetism.

b Recognize magnets as either natural or artificial.

b Classify magnets as either temporary or permanent.

b Specify that magnets are composed of magnetic poles.

b Note how magnets behave.

b Identify what the magnetic field in a magnet is.

b List the uses of magnets.

Keywords

b magnetic field

b magnetic force

b magnetism

b magnetite

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b magnets

b poles: North and South

Lesson 4 . MachinesCode: C417G03U04L04

Objectives

b Detail the characteristics of a machine.

b Define simple machines.

b List examples of simple machines.

b Analyze how machines are used.

b Define compound machines.

b Remark how machines have changed throughout time.

Keywords

b compound machine

b fulcrum

b inclined plane

b lever

b pulley

b screw

b simple machine

b wedge

b wheel and axel

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Unit 5 . The Earth in the Universe


Lesson 0 . The Earth in the UniverseCode: C417G03U05L00


Lesson 1 . Our PlanetCode: C417G03U05L01

Objectives

b Label the layers of Earth.

b Label layers of the atmosphere.

b Detail how oxygen and carbon dioxide function in living things.

b Discuss how can help to have cleaner air.

b Remark how living beings use water.

b Discuss ways preserve water.

Keywords

b atmosphere: troposphere, stratosphere, ionosphere

b carbon dioxide

b contamination

b hydrosphere

b lithosphere

b minerals

b oxygen

b rock

b terrain

Lesson 2 . The Moon: Earth’s SatelliteCode: C417G03U05L02

Objectives

b Define satellite.

b Characterize the Moon as a satellite.

b List the first Moon missions.

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b Define astronaut.

b Define lunar eclipse.

b Detail the characteristics of the Sun and characterize it as the closest star to Ear-th.

b Identify rotation and translation motions.

b Remark upon the uses of solar energy.

b Discuss the ozone layer’s problem and how it affects living things.

Keywords

b astronaut

b lunar eclipse

b ozone

b rotation

b satellites

b translationt

Lesson 3 . The Earth and the MoonCode: C417G03U05L03

Objectives

b Note that Earth is in motion.

b Identify Earth’s rotational and translational motions.

b Note how weeks and months are divided.

b Note the methods created to measure time.

b Detail Earth’s climate zones.

b Identify the seasons of the year.

b Note that the Moon has rotational and translational motions.

b Detail the phases of the Moon and their influence on Earth.

Keywords

b bissextile

b day

b elliptical orbit

b lunar phases

b night

b orbit

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b rotation

b seasons

b translation

b week and month

Lesson 4 . The WeatherCode: C417G03U05L04

Objectives

b Explore weather.

b Classify clouds within three basic types: cumulus, cirrus, and stratus.

b Characterize wind.

b Identify the different kinds of precipitation.

b Detail factors that influence climate.

b Describe the tropical climate.

b Identify the elements of climate.

b Define trade winds.

Keywords

b climate

b clouds: cumulus, cirrus, and stratus

b precipitation

b terrain

b trade winds

b trough

b weather

b wind