Science Knowledge Organiser: Forces—Year 5

Forces are all around us they allow us and the things around us to move. Gravity

is the force that causes unsecured things to fall to the ground and stops us from floating off into

space. Forces allow us to float, fly or simply walk. We have learned to use less force by employing

levers, pulleys and gears.

If you let go of a ball the force of gravity

will pull it towards the centre of the Earth unless another

force acts upon it.

Kicking the ball uses a pushing force and will

change the speed and direction of the ball.

Squeezing (pushing) a balloon will cause it to

change shape. Even a football will change

shape very briefly when kicked.

Gravity will pull the ball back down to Earth

and as it rolls along the ground friction slows

the ball down until it stops.

is the force that occurs when two

surfaces touch each other.

Rough surfaces will slow you down

quickly. High friction.

Smooth surfaces slow you down

slowly. Low friction.

Air resistance and water resistance are both types

of friction that occur when an object travels

through them Upthrust is a force that pushes up

on an object in water or in the air.

Animals have evolved to use

forces very efficiently.

gravity

upthrust

Force is measured in Newtons after the

scientist Sir Issac Newton who first

described gravity as a force and wrote

three key laws of motion.

There are different force meters

depending on the amount of force

being measured. force meter

force a push or a pull that causes an object to

start moving, stop moving, change speed

or direction

gravity a force that pulls all things towards the centre

of the planet

friction a force that occurs when two surfaces come

into contact

water and air

resistance

a type of friction used to describe the force

applied to things travelling through water or air

mechanisms a device with moving parts designed to perform

a task

gears toothed wheels that fit together and can be part

of a mechanism

levers a rigid bar used to lift heavy loads

fulcrum part of the lever mechanism

pulleys a single or series of mechanisms that allow

heavy loads to be lifted with minimal force

up thrust a force that acting upon anything that is flying

or floating

force meter a device containing a spring to measure force

Sir Issac

Newton

1642 27— an English mathematician,

physicist, astronomer, theologian, and

author

Science Knowledge Organiser: Forces —Year 5

Gears, levers and

pulleys are mechanisms that lessen the effects of gravity. They

make it easier for us to do work such as lifting heavy objects.

Levers: A lever is a rigid bar that rotates around a fixed point. This balancing point is called the fulcrum. A lever uses a force

(or effort) to make a load move.

There are different types of levers, depending on where the load, the

effort, and the fulcrum (balancing point) are positioned. For this

reason, levers are classified into 3 separate groups:

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3.

Gears are toothed wheels that fit

together so that when one gear

turns it also turns the other

gear. Sometimes the gears fit di-

rectly together, but other times

they work

together

through a

chain or a

belt.

An example of a fixed pulley

would be the ones we see at

the top of flagpoles . The pul-ley at the top allows the per-

son standing on the ground to hoist

the flag by pulling on

the rope.

fixed pulley

Art Knowledge Organiser: Auguste Rodin—Sculpture—Year 5

The Thinker—1902

The Kiss—1882—1889

The Thinker is a bronze

sculpture by Auguste Rodin,

usually placed on a stone

pedestal. The work shows a

nude male figure sitting on a

rock with his chin resting on

one hand as though deep in

thought, often used as an

image to represent deep thinking.

The embracing couple shown in the

sculpture appeared originally as

part of a group of sculptures in

The Gates of Hell. It was made for

a planned museum of art in Paris.

Facts about Auguste Rodin

born in Paris on November 12th 1840

was a sculptor whose work had a huge

influence on modern art

believed that art should be true to nature

didn't become widely popular until he was in his

40s.

died November 17th 1917

The V&A has 23 Rodin sculptures, including 18

given by the sculptor himself in 1914.

Study of a hand sculpted by Auguste Rodin (1884)

Art Knowledge Organiser: Auguste Rodin—Sculpture—Year 5

sketch traditionally a rough drawing

pose to sit or stand in a particular position in order

to be painted, drawn or photographed

style how the artist portrays their subject matter and

how the artist expresses their vision.

sculpture 3D art made by one of four basic processes:

carving, modelling, casting, constructing

clay rock dust combined with water. It can be

moulded into different shapes and is used to

make bricks, potteries, and ceramics

bronze most popular metal for cast metal sculptures

cast to make an object of a particular shape by

pouring liquid metal, plastic, or liquid plaster

into a mould

human

form/figure

studying the human body in art

medium the materials an artist uses

nudity without clothing

manipulate handling, controlling or using of something in

art

Born October 10th 1901 and died January 11th 1966

He is best known for his human figures

His work includes his friends and family.

He also often recorded his models from memory.

In 2010, Giacometti’s life-sized bronze sculpture of a man, L'Homme qui marche

I became one of the most expensive sculptures to ever be sold at auction.

History Knowledge Organiser: Vikings

The Viking Age lasted from approximately 800 to 1150 AD. As well as warriors, the Vikings were skilled

craftsmen and boat-builders, adventurous explorers and wide-ranging traders.

The Vikings came from Denmark, Norway and Sweden. They

sailed over in boats called longships to ‘go Viking’ (which

means to go travelling around looking for resources and

land to claim as their own).

The Vikings came to Britain looking for items to steal and

trade. They also wanted land that they could claim as their

own. They particularly liked to raid monasteries, like the one

at Lindisfarne. The monasteries were not very well protected

and contained valuable goods like gold and jewels, imported

foods and other useful materials. The Vikings also stole

manuscripts and Bibles.

Knowledge of Viking life was transformed in the late 1970s

by the discoveries made at Coppergate. Archaeologists

unearthed remarkable evidence of Viking cottage industry,

including metalworking, jewellery making and the craft that

gave Coppergate its name – the manufacture of wooden cups

787AD: the Vikings first arrived in Britain

874 AD: almost all the kingdoms are controlled by the Vikings

892 AD: 300 Viking ships invaded Britain to fight King Alfred

of Wessex

954 AD: the Anglo-Saxons drove out Eric Bloodaxe, the last

Viking king of Jorvik

1002 AD: Ethelred's soldiers killed many Viking families in the

Danelaw.

1066 AD: Battle of Hastings

History Knowledge Organiser: Vikings

Treaty When a war ends, often two countries will sign

a treaty, which is a contract where both sides

agree to behave a certain way.

Danelaw the area of northern and eastern England which

was under the control of the Vikings.

Territory an area that is owned or under the control of

someone.

Reign people who reign rule from a position above others

recapture capture a person who has escaped

Unification the bringing together of two or more things so they

become a one

Saga a story which tells the adventures of a hero or a

family

Unreliable something you cannot trust

Danegeld a tax paid to Viking raiders, to stop them from at-

tacking the coast and invading

Assassinated murdered by surprise attack for political reasons

Ravaged robbed and destroyed by force and violence

Nobleman a person who was in the highest social class

Witan a council of nobles and church leaders

Alfred the Great vs. King Athlestan

King Alfred ruled from 871-899. He defeated the Vikings at

the Battle of Edington in 878. He ruled Viking territory

became known as the Danelaw. It comprised the

north-west, the north-east and east of England. Here,

people would be subject to Danish laws.

Alfred's grandson, Athelstan, became the first true King of

England. He led an English victory over the Vikings at the

Battle of Brunaburh in 937.

Edward the Confessor

Edward was the second to last Anglo-Saxon king of

England and was known as 'the Confessor' because of his

deep prayer life.