Science Study Guide

Chapter 12 Structure of Matter

Ch. 12 Word Bank

• Chemical formula metals periodic table• Noble gases neutrons compound

groups Chemical symbols• protons

• 1. ______________ use chemical symbols and numbers to show the kinds and numbers of atoms in a compound.

• Answer: Chemical formulas

• 2. ________ are usually shiny and bendable.• Answer: Metals

• 3. Elements are arranged by the properties in the _______________.

• Answer: periodic table

• 4. _____________ are elements that rarely combine with other elements to form molecules.

• Answer: Noble gases

• 5. An element’s _____________ is an abbreviation of its name, sometimes from Latin or Greek.

• Answer: chemical symbol

• 6. A _____________is made of two or more elements that are combined chemically.

• Answer: compound

• 7. _______________ and ____________ are particles found in the dark region in the atomic model.

• Answer: Protons neutrons

• 8. All atoms of an element have the same number of _____ in their nuclei.

• protons

• 9. A ______________ requires a chemical reaction to form.

• Answer: compound

• 10. In the periodic table, a column is called a __________________.

• Answer group

• 11. Carbon substances can have very different properties because ____________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________.

• Answer: carbon atoms can be arranged in different ways.

• 12. List 3 properties of metals ___________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

• Answer: shiny, reflect light, bendable, stretchable, and able to conduct electricity and heat.

• 13. If one of the elements in table salt is a metal, why doesn’t it look or feel like metal? ____________________________________ ____________________________________

• Answer: Compounds have different properties than the elements that make them up.

• 14. Why are compounds called “pure substances”? _______________________ ___________________________________

• Answer: Every molecule in a compound is like every other molecule and has the same properties.

True or False

• 15. True or False: The chemical formula for a water molecule is HO2.

• Answer: False H2O

• 16. True or False: Each molecule in a compound acts identically to every other molecule of that compound.

• Answer: True

• 17. True or False: Water is a compound made up of the two elements.

• Answer: True

• 18. True or False Rust is an element of iron and oxygen called iron oxide.

• Answer: False Rust is a compound

• 19. How many hydrogen atoms are there in a sucrose (C12H22O11) molecule? _________

• Answer: 22

• What compound is produced when almost anything containing carbon is burned and is released by your lungs when you exhale?

• Answer: carbon dioxide (CO2)

Bonus

• Besides color name 2 physical properties that could be used to tell the differences between 2 metals.

Bonus

• 2. Explain how rust forms and why rust cannot be washed off.