Science, Technology and Innovation for

Earthquake Resilience

Renato U. Solidum, Jr.Undersecretary, Department of Science and Technology

Officer-in-charge, Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology

Ready and Resilient: Alumni Knowledge Sharing Series on

Disaster Risk Reduction with Davao Tourism Industry

Davao City

09 December 2019

Hydrometeorological

Natural Hazards and Climate Change

Geological

Climate Change

(~100 destructive earthquakes, ~40 tsunami events for past 400;

years)

Earthquake Activity in the Philippines

1968 M7.3 Casiguran 1976 M8.1 Moro Gulf

2013_M7.2 Bohol 2017_M6.7 Surigao

1990 M7.8_Central Luzon

Recent Large Earthquakes

2017_M6.5 Leyte

Seismicity Map from 16 Oct to 5 Nov 2019

Cotabato Fault System1. M’lang Fault

2. Makilala Fault3. Balabag Fault4. Makilala-Malungon Fault

5. North Columbio Fault

6. South Columbio Fault

EpicentersA. M6.3 – Oct. 16, 2019

B. M6.6 – Oct. 29, 2019C. M6.1 – Oct. 29, 2019D. M6.5 – Oct. 31, 2019

A

B

D1

2

45

6

3

C

The October 2019 Cotabato Earthquake SequenceDOST-PHIVOLCS Quick Response Team

October 2019 Cotabato Earthquakes

Daig Elem School, Tulunan,

Cotabato

Magsaysay, Davao del Sur

Municipal Hall Eva’s Bldg., Kidapawan City

Impacts of the October 2019 Cotabato Earthquakes

House in Makilala

CasualtiesDead - 31Injured - 777

DamagesHouses - 38,609Schools - 1,415Health Facilities

- 244Governmentstructures - 98

Privatebuildings - 57

* NDRRMC

Impacts of the October 2019 Cotabato Earthquakes

Lateral spreading, Hagonoy, Davao

del Sur

Sand boil, M’lang, Cotabato

Tension cracks, Magsaysay, Cotabato

Landslides, Makilala, Cotabato

Disaster Damages and Losses

• Life loss or Injury• Damage to buildings, infrastructures, properties,

equipment• Displacement of people• Loss of lifelines – water, energy/electricity,

communication, transport systems (roads, bridges, rail, seaport, airport)

• Damage to or interruption of food supply• Loss of public and other critical services• Loss of business or revenues from business

interruption• Disruption of economic development• Damage to the environment

Disaster Resilience Goals

• Reduce various losses (reduce risks)

- Before occurrence of hazards

• Ensure effective and efficient disaster response

- During and immediately after the hazard event

• Timely and efficient recovery, build forward better

- After a significant impact; learn from past disaster, consider future

risks

Resilience Diagram

Stat

e o

f C

om

mu

nit

y/So

cio

-eco

no

mic

fu

nct

ion

s/O

pe

rati

on

s

Time

NON-RESILIENT COMMUNITY,

ORGANIZATION

“TRANSFORMED” COMMUNITY,

ORGANIZATION

RESILIENT COMMUNITY,

ORGANIZATION

HAZARD EVENT

Absorbs shock

Disaster Threshold

Learns from experience;Rebuilds better

Persistent disasterRecovery Time

Modified from IOTWS, 2007

Disaster Risk Reduction

Exposure

(people,

assets,

business in

hazard area)

Hazard

(threat)

DISASTER RISK REDUCED DISASTER RISK

HazardExposure reduced

Vulnerability reduced, Capacity Increased

Vulnerability

(susceptibility to

damaging effects –

physical, social),

coping and

adaptive capacities

• Evacuation

• Land Use

Planning

• Relocation

• Education,

Awareness

• Preparedness

• Response

• Mitigation

- Engineering

- Non-engineering

- Insurance

• Business Continuity

• Hazard and

Risk

Assessment

• Monitoring and

Warning

• Structural

Mitigation

(Solidum, 2012)

DOST’S HARMONIZED NATIONAL R&D AGENDA

RELATED TO DISASTER RESILIENCE

MONITORING AND FORECASTING- Observation and Monitoring Networks

- Technology Development and Application for Monitoring

- Modeling and Simulation for Improvement of Monitoring and Forecasting

HAZARDS, EXPOSURE, VULNERABLILITY, CAPACITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT

WARNING AND RISK COMMUNICATION

TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS, APPLICATIONS, SERVICES FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND

MANAGEMENT

UNDERSTANDING RISK

EARTHQUAKE, TSUNAMI AND VOLCANO

MONITORING NETWORKS• 104-station network for

earthquake monitoring

Unmanned seismic stations with

satellite communication

Earthquake and Tsunami Monitoring Center

• 24 real-time tide gauges

for tsunami monitoring

• 10 community detection

and warning systems

• 10 active volcanoes with

real-time seismic

monitoring, 6 with

integrated multi-

parameter monitoring

ObservationStation w/ LOS

Satellite

Volcano Observatory

Main Office

EarthquakeGPSVisualIP Camera

SENSORS FOR EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI

MONITORING AND WARNING

Development of Earthquake and Tsunami Detection Sensors and Alerting System

Space Observation and Monitoring

Development of Small Satellites for Earth Observation (DIWATA-1, 2016;

DIWATA-2, 2018)

Multi-mission Satellite Ground Receiving Station(PEDRO Center)

Space-borne imagery creates opportunities for

the country to be both responsive and proactive

to environmental changes through real-time

surveillance and continuous monitoring.

Vital infrastructure for pre- and post-

disaster monitoring that support DRR

(disaster risk reduction) agencies

HAZARD ASSESSMENT

• Use of satellite and LiDAR data for hazard and risk assessment

Cotabato and Davao Del Sur Active FaultsBukidnon Active Faults

• Probabilistic Seismic Hazards Maps for Metro Manila and the

whole Philippines (2018), Metro Cebu (2018) and Metro Davao

(2019)

Philippine Earthquake Model – Probabilistic

Seismic Hazard Risk Assessment

low rise(short period)

high rise(long

period)

hard rock(short period)

hard rock(short period)

soft sediment

(long period)

soft sediment

(long period)

low rise(short period)

high rise(long period)

affected

affected

unaffected

unaffected

before earthquake after earthquake

before earthquake after earthquake

image source: www.iris.edu/educate

Specific Ground Motion Mapping to Avoid Resonance

Short and Long Period Microzonation Map of Metro Davao

REDAS by DOST-PHIVOLCS

Hazard Assessment Module

Exposure Data Module

Earthquake and Tsunami ImpactAssessmentModule

Flood Loss Assessment Tool

Severe WindImpact ModellingModule

HAZARD AND RISK ASSESSMENT SOFTWARE

Exposure: Building

PHIVOLCS FaultFinder• The PHIVOLCS FaultFinder, is a web-based and mobile phone

(android) application to locate the nearest active fault from a

specified location or the named barangay. This application

facilitates easy access to quality data for disaster preparedness,

land use, risk assessment and in real-estate.

URL: http://faultfinder.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph

Philippines’ central source of information for accurate and efficient hazards and risk assessment to help government increase the nation’s resilience to natural hazards

DATA INPUT RISK

ASSESSMENT

GeoAnalyticsPH is a

web application (under

development) that can

generate maps and

analytics using

information from

GeoRiskPH.

DATA ACCESS

Use of a single

URL for specific

information that

may be used in

other GIS

interfaces for

detailed analysis

HAZARD

ASSESSMENT

Locates Hazards

instantly and

Generates Hazard

Assessment

Reports with

explanations and

recommendations

Mappers can add

relevant information

per polygon

(applicable for

exposure, hazard,

census & other

related resource

mapping)

GeoRiskPH InitiativeGeospatial Information Information Platform

DATA INPUT

DATA INPUTWeb Application

for Pre- & Post-Fieldwork Input & Analysis Mobile Application for Field Data Collection

GeoMapperPH - Exposure Data Mapper

Populating the National Exposure Database

HazardHunterPHprovides you a

SINGLE PLATFORM FOR Quick and Easy

HAZARD ASSESSMENT RELATED TO

EARTHQUAKES,VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS AND HYDRO-

METEOROLOGICAL EVENTS

HAZARD ASSESSMENT AT

YOUR FINGERTIPS

HAZARD ASSESSMENT

Assessment

Panel

Map

display

Menu

Panel

https://hazardhunter.georisk.gov.ph

HazardHunterPH

WHAT CAN HazardHunterPH DO?

HAZARD ASSESSMENT AT

YOUR FINGERTIPS

HAZARD ASSESSMENT

1- Conduct multi-hazard assessment and generate hazard assessment reports;

2- Visualize and produce maps using hazards and exposure information from government agencies;

3- Visualize and monitor earthquake events from DOST-PHIVOLCS.

& more…

It can:

Location Options

A – Directly search

location on the

map and use the

right zoom level to

refine search

B – Search by

typing the address

C – Use the

device’s GPS to use

current location

D – Use

coordinates of a

location

A

C

D

B

12/9/201929

Assessment PanelSummarizes hazards

assessment of an

area with respect to

seismic, volcanic,

and hydro-

meteorological

hazards

Waiting Period:

~15 seconds

Double-click or

double-tap the

desired location

on the map

HAZARD ASSESSMENT AT

YOUR FINGERTIPS

HAZARD ASSESSMENT

30

Hazard

Assessment

Report

• Summary of

results

• Explanation and

Recommendatio

n

• QR Code (URL

for map location

of assessed area)

12/9/201931

Sample Overlay of

Hazards and Exposure

Safe

12/9/2019 32

Recent Earthquake;

Warning Alarm;

Blinking Circle

Turn off button to turn off

updates and warning alarm

Cabinet Issued Directives for Use of GeoRiskPH & HazardHunterPH in Government

https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1073911

All government agencies will contribute information on hazards, vulnerability, coping capacity and other relevant data for risk assessments into the GeoRiskPH integrated system and platform.

Engineering Innovation and Governance

Science, Technology and Innovation for a Resilient Philippines

Thank you!