scientific literature & format of journal article
TRANSCRIPT
SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE AND FORMAT OF A JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adapted from the Presentation
Of Ms. Zennifer Oberio
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CATEGORIES OF SCIENTIFIC
LITERATURE1.Primary LiteratureFirst-hand information of
original researchInitial reports of the research
written by the research
worker/scientists to inform the larger scientific
community, primarily their specialized
peers, of their findingsIn science journals or
periodicals in the form of specialized
and technical reports, notes, or even
letters
BACKGROUND ON SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE
CATEGORIES OF SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE
1.Primary Literature
Sources
Theses
Trade publications
Scientific organization publications
Presentations at scientific meetings
Scholarly journals
Conference papers
Technical reports of government or private agencies
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CATEGORIES of scientific
literature2. Secondary literatureMore general works that are
based on primary sourcesSummaries of the recent
developments in specific areas of
research
Review of a number of
research articles pertaining to a
specific topic
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CATEGORIES OF SCIENTIFIC
LITERATURE2. Secondary Literature SOURCES Review articles (summarize,
synthesizes and evaluates the concepts
and/or results from several research articles
on a related topic; compare, contrast and
interpret the work of others) Commentary (evaluates the impact of
someone else’s primary research) review journals, review serials,
summaries, symposia, abstract journals,
indices
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CATEGORIES of scientific
literature2. Tertiary LiteratureProvide instruction or overview
for a scientific audience such as
students
Summarize the most important
facts and theories about a general
subject in science
Sources: textbooks, treatises,
reference books, encyclopedia,
dictionaries, hand-outs, handbooks,
bibliographies
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Bibliographic Sources :
• Reliable scholarly journals
• Reference list ( at the end of articles )
• Popular press ( newspapers,
magazines )• Compilation of Abstracts
• Current contents – a journal that
consists of the table of
• Contents reprinted from a number of
journals.• Citation Index – a compilation of articles
that were referenced by recently
published articles.• Computer searches (in library data
bases)• Web searches – using search engines
( Lycos, Yahoo, Google, etc. )
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Guidelines In Assessing The
Credibility of Articles From
the Web Who is ( are ) the author(s) and
where was the research done?
( academic, government, or
private laboratory? Well known
research university or large well
known corporation versus small
of unknown place ? ) What can you find about the
credentials of the author(s) ?
What else has the author(s)
published and has anyone cited
those publications ?
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Guidelines In Assessing The
Credibility of Articles From the
Web (continued) Did a particular organization
sponsor the web site ? If so, is
this organization a not – for –
profit or a commercial
enterprise and how might this
impact on the objectivity of the
information provided ?
Does the organization represent
a special interest group and
how might this impact on the
objectivity of the information
provided ?
•Title•Author (s)•Abstract (or Summary)•Key words•Introduction•Materials and Methods•Results•Tables and/or Figures•Discussion•References
FORMAT:
FORMAT OF A JOURNAL ARTICLE
TITLE
.
Describes the study briefly Keep in mind that a certain period of time has elapsed between in the performance of a study and its publication. The date will be an indicator of the relevance of the information, especially in the fields where there is a rapid change of information
FORMAT OF A JOURNAL ARTICLE
AUTHOR(S) The first person in the list is usually the one who did the work and wrote the paper; other people who made substantial contributions are listed asCo-authors after the first author. If the author and/or his works are well-known, it will be a factor in judging the quality of the data presented in the article
The first person in the list is usually the one who did the work and wrote the paper; other people who made substantial contributions are listed asCo-authors after the first author. If the author and/or his works are well-known, it will be a factor in judging the quality of the data presented in the article
FORMAT OF A JOURNAL ARTICLE
ABSTRACT (OR SUMMARY)
•A conscise summary of the article that contains the rationale for the study, the main results, how the results were obtained, an interpretation of the results.•Difficult to read because it is dense with information.•Ideally, never cite a study based solely from reading the abstract.
FORMAT OF A JOURNAL ARTICLE
KEYWORDS
• Provides background information, includes related studies, explains how the present study “fits into the puzzle”• Sets forth the objectives of and justification for the study.• Easier to understand than the abstract.• Usually cites many of the references
.
FORMAT OF A JOURNAL ARTICLE
MATERIALS AND METHOD
Procedure followed:• what was done• how it was done• where was done
FORMAT OF A JOURNAL ARTICLE
RESULTS
.
Describes the data gathered in the study: What does the date show
FORMAT OF A JOURNAL ARTICLE
TABLES AND/ OR FIGURES
• Supplements the data presented in the Results section.• The title of the table or figure describes the data that it presents.
FORMAT OF A JOURNAL ARTICLE
DISCUSSION
Interprets and explains the results:• Why the data show what they showed• Relates the analysis of the data to the objectives of the study
FORMAT OF A JOURNAL ARTICLE
REFERENCES
.
The author (s), date and the kind of literature that is cited are indicators that may be used in assessing the credibility and validity of the information presented in the article.
END OF
PRESENTATION