Steps of the Scientific Method Make an observation Ask a question Form a hypothesis Experiment

Test the Hypothesis Draw Conclusion

Hypothesis Valid or Invalid Communicate Results

Data

Hypothesis or Not?

Albert Einstein was the greatest scientist in history.

Hypothesis or Not?

Bacteria will grow more quickly in a warm

environment than a cold environment.

Hypothesis or Not?

If a seed is exposed to acids with a pH less than 4,

it will not germinate.

Hypothesis or Not?

If a person takes vitamins each day, they will be

healthier.

Hypothesis or Not?

If a person lives in the Midwest, they will be

friendlier than other people.

Hypothesis or Not?

Growing a plant under a red light bulb will increase the

rate at which it grows.

Hypothesis or Not?

Raising the temperature of water will increase the speed in which Kool-Aid

dissolves.

Hypothesis or Not?

If a person plays the lottery, they will become

rich.

Hypothesis or Not?

Children who don’t watch TV are smarter than

children who do watch TV.

Hypothesis or Not?

If a person does cardio exercise three or more times

per week, they will have a greater lung capacity than a

person who does cardio exercise less than three times

per week.

Hypothesis or Not?

German Shepherds are friendlier than Great Danes.

Hypothesis or Not?

A plant that is grown with fertilizer will grow taller

than a plant grown without fertilizer.

Hypothesis or Not?

Store brand batteries are able to run a battery-operated

device, such as a portable fan, for the same amount of time as national brand batteries.

Hypothesis or Not?

If you use Swifter Max solution, then your floors

will look like new.

Hypothesis or Not?

Hoodia is a natural supplement that will help

people look fabulous.

Hypothesis or Not?

A plant grown with salt added to its soil will be

shorter than a plant grown with no salt added to its

soil.

Hypothesis—What is it?

Based on this activity, what is a hypothesis?

Write your response in the journal

Do Hypothesis or Not Activity

Developing a Hypothesis

Observe something Ask a question Think of controls and variables Make it TESTABLE

Is the Hypothesis Correct? You can tell if your original hypothesis

was correct if the outcome is proven by the experiment.

Data Supports your hypothesis What kinds of data can you collect?

Qualitative Quantitative

How can you organize it? Graphs, Charts, and Tables

Data Support Activity

Smart Lesson

Sometimes Data is Odd…

The Dread Tomato Addiction by Mark Clifton 92.4% of juvenile delinquents have eaten

tomatoes. 87.1% of the adult criminals in penitentiaries

throughout the United States have eaten tomatoes.

Informers reliably inform that of all known American communists, 92.3% have eaten tomatoes.

84% of all people killed in automobile accidents during the year 2006 had eaten tomatoes.

Testing Promotional Claims Activity

Promotional Claim Example Product: Red Bull Promotional Claim: “It Gives You

Wiiiings” Hypothesis: If you drink Red Bull,

you will grow wings

Promotional Claim Example Procedure:

Gather 20 people, and place them into two equal groups.

One group will drink Red Bull, the other will drink water.

Observe both groups for 3 hours after drinking. Record any sudden growth of wings.

Independent Variable: People drinking Red Bull Dependent Variable: Wings Growing Control: Group drinking water

Discussion

What is science? What is the difference between a

hypothesis and theory? Are any of them unchangeable?

Cell Theory

What is Cell Theory? Cell Theory:

All living things are made up of one or more cells. All cells arise from existing cells. The cell is the basic unit of structure and function for all organisms.

Evidence: First formulated in 1839 Began from the work of three scientists:

Schleiden, Schwann and Virchow Has since been verified by 1,000’s of scientists

Evolutionary Theory

What is the theory of evolution? Change in the heritable characteristics of a

population across successive generations Evidence:

Work of Charles Darwin (Finches) Fossil Record DNA Sequencing Anatomical Similarities between life forms

What is Gene Theory?

What is Gene Theory? Traits are passed from parent to offspring via

genes. Evidence:

Work of Gregor Mendel on pea plants and other organisms

1,000’s of scientists, since Mendel’s time, have conducted experiments that confirm this theory

New DNA technologies continue to confirm this theory and help us learn more about the role of genes in some diseases.

Germ Theory of Disease

What is Germ Theory of Disease? Microorganisms are the cause of some

diseases. Has led to important things such as antibiotics

and good hygiene practices Evidence:

Resulted from the work of numerous scientists, but is mainly attributed to the work of Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch

Microscopic observations and experimental evidence since late 1800’s continues to confirm this theory.

Hypothesis or Theory

Activity

Hypothesis Versus Theory

In your journal, create a Venn Diagram to distinguish between theories and hypotheses Include examples of both

Define “science” in your own words

Practice

http://www.ck12.org/concept/Scientific-Investigation/#artifact_title