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Plant Classification
Biologi – Achadiah Rachmawati 1
Plants ClassificationPlants Classification
Achadiah RachmawatiAchadiah Rachmawati
Scientific Names
• Latin is the language used forscientific classification.
• The first word is the genus and thesecond word is the species. If thereare additional words, they indicate avariety or cultivar.
Genus vs. Species
• Plants in the same genus have similarcharacteristics.
• Plants in the same speciesconsistently produce plants of thesame type.
Scientific Classification
• The broadest category of scientificclassification is the Kingdom--eitherplant or animal.
• The broadest category in the plantkingdom is division or phylum.
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Plant Classification
Biologi – Achadiah Rachmawati 2
Divisions
• The four most important divisions ofthe plant (Plantae) kingdom are:–Thallophites: algae, fungi, and lichens–Bryophytes: mosses–Pteridophytes: ferns–Spermatophytes
Plant Classification
Non-flowering
Plants
Flowering
Spore-bearing
Nakedseeds
No roots withroots
Mosses Ferns
Gymnosperms
1 seed-leaf
2 seed-leaves
Monocots Dicots
FernsMosses Gymnosperms
Non - flowering Plants
Do NOT produce flowers
Three groups A plant can bedivided into 3parts:
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Plant Classification
Biologi – Achadiah Rachmawati 3
Thallophytes Bryophytes
Examples of Mosses
spores
Spore-producing capsule
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Plant Classification
Biologi – Achadiah Rachmawati 4
No true roots, No vascular tissues (no transport)
Characteristics of Mosses
Simple stems & leaves
Have rhizoids for anchorage
Spores from capsules (wind-dispersal)
Damp terrestrial land
Simplest plants
Pteriophytes
undergroundstem
root
A leaf (finelydivided intosmall parts)
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Plant Classification
Biologi – Achadiah Rachmawati 5
roots, feathery leaves & underground stems
Characteristics of Ferns
have vascular tissues (transport & support)
Damp & shady places
Spore-producing organ on the underside ofleaves (reproduction)
Spermatophytes
• Contains flowering or seed-bearingplants
• Two subdivisions are:–Gymnosperms: Seeds are not in an
ovary they are in a cone.–Angiosperms: Seeds are enclosed in an
ovary (fruit), therefore flowering plants
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Plant Classification
Biologi – Achadiah Rachmawati 6
needle-shaped leaves Gymnosperms
Male cones(in clusters)
Female cones(scattered)
roots, woody stems
Characteristics of Gymnosperms
needle-shaped leaves
tall evergreen trees
cones with reproductivestructures
dry places
vascular tissues (transport)
naked seeds in female cones
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Plant Classification
Biologi – Achadiah Rachmawati 7
Monocotyledons Dicotyledons
Flowering Plants
roots, stems, leaves
vascular tissues (transport)
flowers, fruits (contain seeds)
2 groups Monocotyledons
Parallel veins
one seed-leaf
Characteristics of Monocotyledons
leaves have parallel veinsherbaceous plantse.g. grass, maize
Dicotyledons
Veins in network
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Plant Classification
Biologi – Achadiah Rachmawati 8
two seed-leaves
Characteristics of Dicotyledons
leaves have veins in network
e.g. trees, sunflower, rose
Angiosperms
Angiosperms
Diversity:The Spice of Life