SCOAP3

a new publishing model for High-Energy

Physics

Salvatore Mele, Jens Vigen

CERN European Organization for Nuclear Researchscoap3.org

•HEP and CERN•Scholarly communication & Open Access in HEP•The SCOAP3 model•The SCOAP3 fundrising•A possible role for India•Conclusions and outlook

High-Energy Physics (or Particle Physics)

High-Energy Physics (or Particle Physics)

"What is the world made of?” & "What holds it together?”

HEP aims to understand how our Universe works:— discover the constituents of matter and energy— understand their interactions— unveil the ultimate texture of space and time

Experimental HEP builds the largest scientific instruments ever to reach energy densities close to the Big Bang (~15’000 scientists, 20% of literature)

Theoretical HEP predicts and interprets the observed phenomena (~15’000 scientists, 80% of literature)

CERN: European Organization for Nuclear Research (since 1954)

CERN: European Organization for Nuclear Research (since 1954)

• The world leading HEP laboratory, Geneva (CH)• 2500 staff (mostly engineers,administrators/services)• 9000 users (physicists from 580 institutes in 85 countries)• 3 Nobel prizes (Accelerators, Detectors, Discoveries)

• Invented the web• Sept. 10, 2008: switched-on the 27-km (6bn€) LHC accelerator, “the big-bang machine” (First articles in 2009)

• Director General and Director General Designate strong advocates of Open Access

• Runs a 1-million objects Digital Library

CERN Convention (1953): ante-litteram Open Access manifesto“… the results of its experimental and theoretical work shall be published or otherwise made generally available”

The Large Hadron Collider

•Largest scientific instrument ever built, 27km of circumference•The “coolest” place in the Universe -271˚C •10000 people involved in its design and construction•Worldwide budget of 6bn€

•Will collide protons to reproduce conditions at the birth of the Universe......40 million times a second

Important contributions from: Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (Mumbai), Burdwan University (Burdwan), Department of Atomic Energy (Kolkata), Aligarh Muslim University (Aligarh), Bhubaneswar University (Bhubaneswar), Matrivani Institute of Experimental Research & Education (Kolkata), Panjab University (Chandigarh), Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics (Kolkata), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (Mumbai), University of Delhi South Campus (New Delhi), University of Jammu (Jammu), University of Rajasthan (Jaipur) - CAT, IGCAR, Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre of the Department of Atomic Energy (Kolkata), Institute of Physics (Bhubaneswar, Orissa)

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

The LHC experiments:about 100 million “sensors” each

[think your 6MP digital camera...

...taking 40 million pictures a second]ATLAS

five-storey building

CMS

A strong request from the scientists"We strongly encourage the usage of

electronic publishing methods for our publications and support the principles of Open Access Publishing, which includes granting free access of our publications to all. Furthermore, we encourage all our members to publish papers in easily accessible journals, following the principles of the Open Access Paradigm."

ATLAS; approved on 23rd February 2007CMS; approved on 2nd March 2007ALICE; approved on 9th March 2007LHCb; approved on 12th March 2007

4 experimental groups

7000 scientistsfrom 54 countries105 scientists

from12 Indian institutes

Open Access:Open Access:Grant anybody, anywhere and Grant anybody, anywhere and

anytimeanytimeaccess to the (peer-reviewed)access to the (peer-reviewed)results of (publicly-funded) results of (publicly-funded)

researchresearch(...and contain overall costs for (...and contain overall costs for

libraries)libraries)

The HEP “preprint culture”

• In the ‘60s, HEP scientists could not wait ~1 year for their articles to reach their peers through journals

• Preprints as main vehicle of information in HEP• Researchers (of affluent institutions) mass-mailed preprints to hundreds of (prestigious and therefore affluent) institutions

• Ante-litteram (institution-pays) Open Access! • HEP libraries classified preprints received worldwide• Natural evolutions in scholarly communication:

– First e-catalogue of grey literature (SPIRES, Stanford, 1974)– First repository (arXiv.org, Los Alamos, 1991)– First web site in North America (SPIRES, Stanford, 1991)

• Today, 91% of HEP scientists uses arXiv or SPIRES for their information need (and the rest Google)

L.Goldschmidt-Clermont, 1965, http://eprints.rclis.org/archive/00000445/02/communication_patterns.pdfL. Addis, 2002, http://www.slac.stanford.edu/spires/papers/history.html

R.Heuer et al, http://arXiv.org/abs/0805.2739

arXiv, the archetypal subject repository

Discovery and first plateaus

Steady state & constant output

(Green) Open Access, second nature: posting to arXiv before even submitting to a journal is common practice

–No mandate, no debate, no advocacy. Author-benefit driven–Author-formatted peer-reviewed revisions routinely uploaded–All publishers allow self-archiving. APS hosts an arXiv mirror!

Conference contributions

HEP and its journals• Journals are on the way to lose (lost?) a century-old role as vehicles of scholarly communication.

• Still, evaluation of institutes and (young) researchers is based on high-quality peer-reviewed journals.

• The main role of journals is to assure high-quality peer-review and act as keepers-of-the-records

• The HEP community needs high-quality journals, our “interface with officialdom”

• Implicitly, the HEP community supports this role by purchasing subscriptions, as ~80-90% reads only arXiv

• Some subscription prices make the current model unsustainable, in HEP and elsewhere

• As an “all-arXiv discipline” HEP is at high risk to see its journal canceled by large multidisciplinary university libraries (when not already happened)

What’s the problem with (some) journals?

•Organizing the peer-review has a cost •It is accepted that this cost is borne by the community (so far by the readers, through subscription prices)•How much do the costs grow?

The present subscription model is not sustainable:

the community needs a new model to (1) contain costs and (2) achieve Open

Access

The HEP publishing landscape

•5000-7000 HEP articles/year, according to definition of HEP•Practically all articles are available as arXiv OA pre/post-prints•90% of articles are in theory •80% of articles published in 6 leading journals by 4 publishers•62% of articles by not-for-profit (nor-for-loss) publishers

SCOAP3 is not limited to any set of journals but open to all high-quality HEP journals!

Source: SPIRES, 2006

US and European HEP journals

Study of 11326 HEP articles published in 2005-2006 in PRD,JHEP,PLB,NPB,EPJC,PRL and NIMA

Krause et al. CERN-OPEN-2007-014

OA solutions in HEP must be geographically global, as HEP research

is a global endeavor

Publications by Indian HEP scientists

Source: S.Mele el al, JHEP 12(2006)S01

Normalization to the number of authors onto a paper: only the ”Indian" fraction of an article is counted. E.g. article with only 2 authors, both Indian, counts as 1, an article with 9 physicists out of which only 3 are Indian, counts as 1/3.

Where are arXiv:hep preprints with at least a Indian author published?

Publications by Indian HEP scientists

Source: SPIRES 208 Institutes contributing to 2679 HEP articles since

2004ARIES, Nainital, Agra U., Ahmedabad, Phys. Res. Lab, Aligarh Muslim U., Allahabad U., Amity U., Sch. Eng. Tech., Amravati U., Amrita U., Ananda Mohan Coll., Andhra U., Assam Sci. Tech. Envir. Council, Assam U, B.J.B. Coll., Balichak Girls' HS, Banaras Hindu U., Bangalore U., Bangalore, Indian Inst. Astrophys.,Bangalore, Indian Inst. Sci., Bankura Sammilani Coll., Bapurao Deshmukh Coll. Eng., Barasat Govt. Coll.m Baroda U., Behala Coll., Kolkata, Bengal Engin. Sci. U., Howrah, Berhampur U., Bhabha Atomic Res. Ctr., Bharat Electronics, Bangalore, Bhat, Inst. Plasma Res., Bhubaneswar, Inst. Phys., Birla Inst. Tech. Sci., Birla Inst. Technol Mesra, Birla Sci. Ctr., Hyderabad, Bose Inst., Kolkata, Bose Natl. Ctr., Kolkata, Burdwan U., CAT, INDUS, CECRI, Karaikudi, CREST, Hoskote, Calcutta Inst. Tech., Calcutta U., Dept. Appl. Math., Calcutta, Central Drugs Lab., Calcutta, City Coll., Calcutta, VECC, Calicut U., Chennai Math. Inst., Cochin U., Cotton Coll., Gauhati, Ctr. for Space Phys., Kolkata, DSN Coll., Unnao, Darjeeling Govt. Coll., Debraj Coll., Golaghat, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Coll., Delhi Coll. Engin., Delhi U., Devi Ahilya U., Dinabandhu Andrews Coll., Durgapur Govt. Coll., Fazl Ali Coll., G.C. Coll., Silchar, GMR, Rajam, Gangadhar Meher Coll., Garhwal U., Gauhati U., Gorakhpur U., Govt. Coll., Sawai Madhopur, Gujarat U., Guru Nanak Dev U., Gurudas Coll., Kolkata, Haldia Inst. Tech., ICARE, Harish Chandra Coll., Harish-Chandra Res. Inst., Heritage Inst. Tech., Himachal Pradesh U., Hindu Post-Graduate Coll., Hyderabad U., Hyderabad, IIIT, IACS, Kolkata, IIT, Roorkee, IMSc, Chennai, ISRO, Bangalore, IUAC, New Delhi, IUC-DAEF, Kolkata, IUCAA, Pune, India Meteorological Dept., Alipore, Indian Inst. Tech., Guwahati, Indian Inst. Tech., Kanpur, Indian Inst. Tech., Kharagpur, Indian Inst. Tech., Madras, Indian Inst. Tech., Mumbai, Indian Inst. Tech., New Delhi ,Indian Space Res. Org., Indian Statistical Inst., Bangalore, Indian Statistical Inst., Calcutta, Indore, Ctr. for Advanced Tech., Inst. Natl. Phil., India, JECRC, Jaipur, Jabalpur, Govt. Eng. Coll., ,Jadavpur U., Jaipuria Coll., Calcutta, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jammu U., Jangipur Coll., Jhargram Raj Coll., Jorhat, Coll. Sci., K.N. Post-Graduate Coll., KSIT, Bangalore, Kalpakkam Reactor Res. Ctr., Kalyani U., Kanpur, Christ Church Coll., Karnatak U., Kashmir U., ,Khallikote Coll., Berhampur, Kumaun U., Kurukshetra U., L.B.S. Coll., Lady Brabourne Coll., Calcutta, Lucknow U., M.N. College, M.V.G.R. Coll. Engin., Vizianagaram, Madras Christian Coll., Madras U., Maharaja Manindra Chandra Coll., Maharajas Coll., Maharshi Dayanand U., Mahatma Gandhi U., Mangalore U., Manipal Inst. Tech., Manipal U., Manipur U., Manonmaniam Sundaranar U., Matrivani Inst., Calcutta, Maulana Azad Coll., Meghnath Saha Inst. Technol., Mohanlal Sukhadia U., Motilal Nehru Natl. Inst. Tech., Mumbai U., Mysore, Coll. Education, NCRA, Ganeshkhind, Nagpur U., Nagpur, Central Res. Inst., Narasinha Dutt Coll.,Narsapur Swarnandhra Coll. Engin. Technol., Natl. Inst. Tech., Durgapur, Natl. MST Radar Facility, Nehru U., Netaji Nagar Coll. for Women, Netaji Nagar Day Coll., Netaji Subhas Inst. Technol., New Delhi, New Alipore Coll., New Delhi, Natl. Physical Lab, North Bengal U., Darjeeling, North Orissa U., Northeastern Hill U., Shillong, Osmania U., Panjab U., Poornaprajna Inst. Sci. Res., Prananath Coll., Presidency Coll., Calcutta, Priyadarshini Coll. Eng., Pune U., Punjab Eng. Coll., Punjabi U., RBS Coll., Agra, Raghunathpur Coll., Raisoni Coll. Eng., Rajasthan U., Raman Research Inst., Bangalore, Ramjas Coll., Rewa, Govt. Sci. Coll., Roorkee U., Rourkela, Regional Eng. Coll., S.C.S. Coll., Puri, S.D.J. Post-Graduate Coll., Azamgarh, SBMJ Coll., Bangalore, SGTB Khalsa Coll., SLIET, Longowal, Saha Inst., Sambalpur U., Sardar Patel U., Satya Bharati Vidyapith, Sci. Coll., Nagpur, Sci. Coll., Pauni, Scottish Church Coll., Calcutta, Shanmugha Eng. Coll., Sikar Sobhasaria Engin. Coll., Sonepur Coll., Orissa, Sovarani Mem. Coll., Howrah, Sri Sathya Sai Inst., St. Joseph's Coll., Tiruchirapalli, St. Stephen's Coll., St. Thomas Coll., India, St. Xaviers Coll., Kolkata, Stani Coll., Surendranath Coll., TDB Coll., Raniganj , Tata Inst., Tezpur U., UGC-DAE CSR, Kolkata, Uluberia Coll., Utkal U., Vidyasagar Evening Coll., Vidyasagar U., Vijaya Coll., Visakhapatnam GITAM U., Visva Bharati U., Visvesvaraya Coll. Eng., Vivekananda Coll., Washim R.A. Mahavidyalaya Coll.

Evolving publication habits Source: SPIRES

Phases of stability alternated with fast growth/decline

N.B. Only articles which appeared in the six largest HEP journals are considered.

Surprising reading habits

Preliminary data from a sample of 4000 HEP scientists in 5 institutes and countries

Full-text downloads per user per year

Physics Letters B 0.6 88%

Physical Review D 0.4 95%

Nuclear Physics B 0.4 97%

JHEP 0.1 100%

Eur. Phys J. C 0.1 77%

arXiv coverage

Data: CERN, DESY, FNAL, IN2P3, INFN

Information discovery in HEPUser survey with over 2000 answers

91 % Community services 9% Google <0.1% Commercial services• 40 % Subject repositories• 51 % Lab-supported databases

Which HEP Information Systemdo you use the most?

6% for scholars > 6 career years22% for scholars < 2 career years

Gentil-Beccot et al. arxiv:0804.2701

Catalogue ofpreprints andpublished material.Given a choicebetween an arXivlink and a publisherwebsite, 80-90%of the times usersgo to arXiv.

HEP and Open Access

After preprints, arXiv and the web,

Open Access journalsare the natural evolution ofHEP scholarly communication

Open Access business models in HEP

Hybrid model: Per-article OA fee on top of subscriptions– Negligible success in HEP. Author FAQ: why pay something (peer-review) you can get for free (the library pays subscriptions)

SPONSOREDARTICLE

Author-pays: No subscriptions. Authors (institutions) pay per-article journals processing fees– Model in its infancy in HEP. Author FAQ: why pay something you can get for free elsewhere (the library pays subscriptions)

Institutional membership: for a (small) fee in addition to subscriptions, all articles with at least one author from the institution are OA– Leading laboratories (LHC) and the entire France trying this scheme.– Authors like OA without financial barriers in high-IF journals

(<<1%)

(<<1%)

(~4%)

(and percentage of HEP literature)

National Open Access initiatives in HEP

(and other fields of physics)• Pramana

Indian Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy, Indian Physics Association

• Brazilian Journal of PhysicsBrazilian Physical Society

• Acta Physica PolonicaJagellonian University, Cracow, Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences

• ...

• Mix business models: government/academy sponsorship, print subscriptions, membership fees.

• Excellent outlets to disseminate to wider world science done in one country (and/or by younger scientists)

• Do not solve key problems of libraries: subscribe to a large/expensive amount of content produced worldwide

The SCOAP3 modelSponsoring Consortium for Open Access

Publishing in Particle Physics

Going beyond current experiments

http://scoap3.org/files/Scoap3ExecutiveSummary.pdf http://scoap3.org/files/Scoap3WPReport.pdf

scoap3.org

The SCOAP3 ModelA consortium sponsors HEP publications and

makes them Open Access by re-directing subscription

money.

• Five “core” journals: PRD, JHEP, PLB, NPB, EPJC–Carry a majority of HEP content: aim to convert entirely to Open Access

• Two “broadband” journal: PRL, NIM –10% & 25% HEP: conversion to Open Access of this fraction

• Other, lower-volume, high-quality HEP journals–conversion to Open Access of the HEP content

Today: (funding bodies through) libraries purchase journal subscriptions to (indirectly) support the peer-review service and to allow their users to read articles.

Tomorrow: funding bodies and libraries contribute to the SCOAP3 consortium, which pays centrally for the organization of the peer-review service, through a call for tender. Articles are free to read for everyone.

SCOAP3 is not limited to any set of journals but open to all high-quality HEP journals!

Guesstimating the budget envelope

• Physical Review D (APS) income of 2.7M€/year (31% of arXiv:hep)

• Journal of High Energy Physics (SISSA/IOP) needs ~1M€/year (19% of arXiv:hep)

HEP Open Access price tag: 10M€/year

Other ways to estimate the budget envelope• A published PRD article costs APS ~1500€ • Volume of “HEP” articles: 5000-7000/year

(data and exchange rate of April ‘07)

The final price-tag for SCOAP3 will be known after a call for tender for the peer-review and other editorial

services will be placed with publishers

SCOAP3 financingSCOAP3 to be funded through a “fair-share” model based on the fraction of HEP articles per country: the more a country uses the system the larger its share. Figures are very stable over time.

Allowing only SCOAP3 partners to publish Open Access would replicate the subscription scheme

and not solve the problems.

Make a 10% allowance for countries without a scientific or library infrastructure who at the beginning might not contribute to the scheme.

The model is viable only if every country

is on board!Success through consensus and unanimity, not majority.

Not a weakness: a strength!

Krause et al. CERN-OPEN-2007-014

The ATLAS detector ready for discoveries at the LHC!

How are you going to put it together?

40 funding agencies

400 M€(Excluding person-

power)

1000 contracts

SCOAP3 - HEP collaborative experience O(50) partners

10 M€

O(10) contracts with publishers

Establish OA publishing by using the blueprint usedto finance and build the largest experiments ever!

The response of libraries worldwide

tothe SCOAP3 model

http://scoap3.org/whoisscoap3.html http://scoap3.org/fundraising.html

scoap3.org

Novelties of the SCOAP3 model

• A sustainable alternative to the subscription model meeting the expectations of researchers, funding agencies, libraries and publishers.

• Link, through its call for tender, price and quality. Correlate through its contracts volume and price. This is not the case in the subscription model.

• Eliminate author-pays fees, in competition with research funds which appear as a barrier for Open Access in HEP. There is no such competition in the SCOAP3 model based on re-direction of subscriptions.

• Experiment for journal-administered peer-review services against a unique background of complete self-archiving of research articles.

Novelties of the SCOAP3 model

Converting an entire field by re-directing subscription funds avoids

“paying more for OA”

Number of articles

Expenditure

?

Time“Flipping” the entire volume avoids surprises!

?

Evolving publication habits Source: SPIRES

Phases of stability alternated with fast growth/decline

N.B. Only articles which appeared in the six largest HEP journals are considered.

Next steps• Funding partners identify country-by-country schemes to re-direct

journal subscriptions to SCOAP3 [no money changes hands]

• Countries pledge their contribution to SCOAP3 through a countrywide Expression of Interest [no money changes hands]

• Once a sizeable fraction of budget is pledged– SCOAP3 formally established, with international governance – SCOAP3 can issue a tender to publishers [no money

changes hands]• Publishers answer the tender agreeing to:

• Journal licence packages are un-bundled, the OA titles are removed and subscription prices are reduced accordingly

• In the case of long-term subscription contracts, publishers will be required to reimburse subscription costs pertaining to OA journals

[no money changes hands]

• SCOAP3 international governing board adjudicates contracts [no money changes hands]

• Contracts with publisher are signed and funds are transferred to SCOAP3 [payments happen]

• Aim to 3-year tendering cycle,with funding commitments in sliding windows

Status of the SCOAP3 fund-raising

56% of funds have been or are about to be pledged,

commitment to re-direct subscriptions to HEP journals

mostly by library consortia acting on behalf of whole countries

3434

Discussions and negotiations in progress with all countries not yet

in the list, in Europe, Asia and the Americas.

AustriaBelgiumCERNDenmarkFranceGermanyGreeceHungary

ItalyNetherlandsNorwayRomaniaSlovakiaSwedenSwitzerlandJISC (UK)

47 US partners (>50%)

-consortia(NERL,CDL,GWLA,OhioLink...)-laboratories-individual libraries

Israel, TurkeyAustralia

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4.4M€

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• India is the 11th largest contributor to HEP authorship

• 2.7% of authors of HEP articles are affiliated to Indian institutes(*)

• Potential yearly SCOAP3 contribution of 297k€, to compare to nationwide subscriptions to HEP journals(*) 208 Indian Institutes with authors who published a HEP article since 2004

(source SPIRES):

SCOAP3 cannot happen without Indian support !

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ARIES, Nainital, Agra U., Ahmedabad, Phys. Res. Lab, Aligarh Muslim U., Allahabad U., Amity U., Sch. Eng. Tech., Amravati U., Amrita U., Ananda Mohan Coll., Andhra U., Assam Sci. Tech. Envir. Council, Assam U, B.J.B. Coll., Balichak Girls' HS, Banaras Hindu U., Bangalore U., Bangalore, Indian Inst. Astrophys.,Bangalore, Indian Inst. Sci., Bankura Sammilani Coll., Bapurao Deshmukh Coll. Eng., Barasat Govt. Coll.m Baroda U., Behala Coll., Kolkata, Bengal Engin. Sci. U., Howrah, Berhampur U., Bhabha Atomic Res. Ctr., Bharat Electronics, Bangalore, Bhat, Inst. Plasma Res., Bhubaneswar, Inst. Phys., Birla Inst. Tech. Sci., Birla Inst. Technol Mesra, Birla Sci. Ctr., Hyderabad, Bose Inst., Kolkata, Bose Natl. Ctr., Kolkata, Burdwan U., CAT, INDUS, CECRI, Karaikudi, CREST, Hoskote, Calcutta Inst. Tech., Calcutta U., Dept. Appl. Math., Calcutta, Central Drugs Lab., Calcutta, City Coll., Calcutta, VECC, Calicut U., Chennai Math. Inst., Cochin U., Cotton Coll., Gauhati, Ctr. for Space Phys., Kolkata, DSN Coll., Unnao, Darjeeling Govt. Coll., Debraj Coll., Golaghat, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Coll., Delhi Coll. Engin., Delhi U., Devi Ahilya U., Dinabandhu Andrews Coll., Durgapur Govt. Coll., Fazl Ali Coll., G.C. Coll., Silchar, GMR, Rajam, Gangadhar Meher Coll., Garhwal U., Gauhati U., Gorakhpur U., Govt. Coll., Sawai Madhopur, Gujarat U., Guru Nanak Dev U., Gurudas Coll., Kolkata, Haldia Inst. Tech., ICARE, Harish Chandra Coll., Harish-Chandra Res. Inst., Heritage Inst. Tech., Himachal Pradesh U., Hindu Post-Graduate Coll., Hyderabad U., Hyderabad, IIIT, IACS, Kolkata, IIT, Roorkee, IMSc, Chennai, ISRO, Bangalore, IUAC, New Delhi, IUC-DAEF, Kolkata, IUCAA, Pune, India Meteorological Dept., Alipore, Indian Inst. Tech., Guwahati, Indian Inst. Tech., Kanpur, Indian Inst. Tech., Kharagpur, Indian Inst. Tech., Madras, Indian Inst. Tech., Mumbai, Indian Inst. Tech., New Delhi ,Indian Space Res. Org., Indian Statistical Inst., Bangalore, Indian Statistical Inst., Calcutta, Indore, Ctr. for Advanced Tech., Inst. Natl. Phil., India, JECRC, Jaipur, Jabalpur, Govt. Eng. Coll., ,Jadavpur U., Jaipuria Coll., Calcutta, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jammu U., Jangipur Coll., Jhargram Raj Coll., Jorhat, Coll. Sci., K.N. Post-Graduate Coll., KSIT, Bangalore, Kalpakkam Reactor Res. Ctr., Kalyani U., Kanpur, Christ Church Coll., Karnatak U., Kashmir U., ,Khallikote Coll., Berhampur, Kumaun U., Kurukshetra U., L.B.S. Coll., Lady Brabourne Coll., Calcutta, Lucknow U., M.N. College, M.V.G.R. Coll. Engin., Vizianagaram, Madras Christian Coll., Madras U., Maharaja Manindra Chandra Coll., Maharajas Coll., Maharshi Dayanand U., Mahatma Gandhi U., Mangalore U., Manipal Inst. Tech., Manipal U., Manipur U., Manonmaniam Sundaranar U., Matrivani Inst., Calcutta, Maulana Azad Coll., Meghnath Saha Inst. Technol., Mohanlal Sukhadia U., Motilal Nehru Natl. Inst. Tech., Mumbai U., Mysore, Coll. Education, NCRA, Ganeshkhind, Nagpur U., Nagpur, Central Res. Inst., Narasinha Dutt Coll.,Narsapur Swarnandhra Coll. Engin. Technol., Natl. Inst. Tech., Durgapur, Natl. MST Radar Facility, Nehru U., Netaji Nagar Coll. for Women, Netaji Nagar Day Coll., Netaji Subhas Inst. Technol., New Delhi, New Alipore Coll., New Delhi, Natl. Physical Lab, North Bengal U., Darjeeling, North Orissa U., Northeastern Hill U., Shillong, Osmania U., Panjab U., Poornaprajna Inst. Sci. Res., Prananath Coll., Presidency Coll., Calcutta, Priyadarshini Coll. Eng., Pune U., Punjab Eng. Coll., Punjabi U., RBS Coll., Agra, Raghunathpur Coll., Raisoni Coll. Eng., Rajasthan U., Raman Research Inst., Bangalore, Ramjas Coll., Rewa, Govt. Sci. Coll., Roorkee U., Rourkela, Regional Eng. Coll., S.C.S. Coll., Puri, S.D.J. Post-Graduate Coll., Azamgarh, SBMJ Coll., Bangalore, SGTB Khalsa Coll., SLIET, Longowal, Saha Inst., Sambalpur U., Sardar Patel U., Satya Bharati Vidyapith, Sci. Coll., Nagpur, Sci. Coll., Pauni, Scottish Church Coll., Calcutta, Shanmugha Eng. Coll., Sikar Sobhasaria Engin. Coll., Sonepur Coll., Orissa, Sovarani Mem. Coll., Howrah, Sri Sathya Sai Inst., St. Joseph's Coll., Tiruchirapalli, St. Stephen's Coll., St. Thomas Coll., India, St. Xaviers Coll., Kolkata, Stani Coll., Surendranath Coll., TDB Coll., Raniganj , Tata Inst., Tezpur U., UGC-DAE CSR, Kolkata, Uluberia Coll., Utkal U., Vidyasagar Evening Coll., Vidyasagar U., Vijaya Coll., Visakhapatnam GITAM U., Visva Bharati U., Visvesvaraya Coll. Eng., Vivekananda Coll., Washim R.A. Mahavidyalaya Coll.

SCOAP3 timeline• Funding partners identify country-by-country schemes to

re-direct journal subscriptions to SCOAP3 and pledge their contribution to SCOAP3

• Once a sizeable fraction of budget is pledged, reflecting the worldwide character of HEP and SCOAP3:— SCOAP3 will be formally established, with international

governance — SCOAP3 can issue a tender to publishers

• Publishers answer the tender agreeing to:— Journal licence packages are un-bundled, the OA titles are

removed and subscription prices are reduced accordingly— In the case of long-term subscription contracts, publishers will

be required to reimburse subscription costs pertaining to OA journals

• SCOAP3 international governing board adjudicates contracts, taking into account journal quality and prices

• Contracts with publisher are signed and funds are transferred to SCOAP3 which then pays publishers.

• Aim to 3-year tendering cycle, with funding commitments in sliding windows

Thank you!Salvatore.Mele@cern

.chJens.Vigen@cern.ch

scoap3.orgAdditional resources:Report of the SCOAP3 Working Party

http://scoap3.org/files/Scoap3WPReport.pdf

R. Heuer et al. Innovation in Scholarly Communication: Vision and Projects from High-Energy Physics

http://arxiv.org/abs/0805.2739

R. Aymar, Scholarly communication in High-Energy Physicshttp://cdsweb.cern.ch/record/1115073

A. Gentil-Beccot et al. Information Resources in High-Energy Physics: Surveying the Present Landscape and

Charting the Future Course http://arxiv.org/abs/0804.2701