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    ScrapBook inT.L.E 8

    Submitted by :Prince Czedrick B. NavaDexter Christian dela CruzDonald Reyes8-Wisdon & Love

    Submitted to:Ahlea Ramos

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    TOOLS:Types of screwdriversand their uses:

    Standard slot

    Standard Slot

    a tool used forturning with a slot-head bolt or screw

    Phillip Screwdriver

    is a tool used for turningwith Philips-head boltsor screw

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    Clutch Head

    is a tool used for turning

    with a clutch head bolt orscrew

    Torx Head

    is a tool used forturning with atorx bolt or screw

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    Stub Screwdriver

    is a tool used for tighteningor loosening in places wherea longer blade will not fitespecially in narrow places.

    Offset

    is a tool used fortightening or loosening inextremely close places.

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    Types of Wrenches and TheirUses

    Open wrench

    is a tool used for workingwith hex-head bolts, nuts, orscrews.

    Box wrench

    refers to the tool with flatinterior surfaces so that itis less likely to slip offwhen working with hex-headbolts, nuts, or screws when

    added torque is applied.

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    Combination wrench

    is a tool with an open endand a box end. It is designedforthe convenience of anoperator who may need anopen end for speed tighteningand

    loosening while the box end isused for adding torque.

    Adjustable open wrench

    is a tool used for workingwith hex-head bolts, nuts,andscrews of various sizes.

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    Pipe wrench

    is a tool used for working

    with pipe, pipe fittings, andother roundedsurfaces.

    Flare nut wrench

    is a tool used for workingwith hex-head nuts, bolts, orscrews inwhich the open end permitsthe wrench to slip over

    tubing .

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    Types of Pliers and Their Uses

    Slip joint

    is a tool used for holding orturning a part where surfacemarring is not aproblem.

    Slip groove

    is a tool used on a widersurface and where moreleverage may be required.

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    Long Nose

    is a tools used forholding small nuts, screws,or for reaching hardreachedplaces.

    Diagonal cutter

    is a tool used for cutting wireonly.

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    Self-locking pliers

    is a tool used for workingwhere tight grip is needed.It alsolocks in place to free

    operator to use anothertool.

    Pinch-off wrench

    is a tool designedespecially to crimprefrigeration tubing toprevent loss of refrigerantwhen a tube is beingsoldered or brazed.

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    Types of Hammer and TheirUses

    Ball peen hammer

    is a tool used forhammering metal tools suchas punches andchisels.

    Soft face hammer

    is a tool made of plastic,rawhide or material that willnot mar orbreak other tools or materialsbeing hammered.

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    Sledge hammer

    is a tool made with aheavy steel head and along handle for breakingorpounding with substantialforce.

    Claw hammer

    is a tool used fordriving or pulling nails

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    Punches, Chisels, Bars andTheir Uses

    Pin punch

    is a tool used for drivingboth straight and taperedpins into or out of hubs orshafts.

    Centre punch

    is a tool used forindenting metal to safelystart a drill.

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    Flat chisel

    is a tool used for cuttingoff bolt heads or splittingnuts.

    Pry bar

    is a tool used for a varietyof jobs, but generally forprying equipment intoalignment.

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    Scratch awl

    is a tool used for making onmetal, making screw holes insheet metal, andfor aligning screw holes.

    Types of Files and TheirUses

    Flat file

    is a tool used for smoothingmetal surfaces; the surfaceis double-cut to helppromote even application.

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    Half round file

    is a tool used for fittingrounded surfaces.

    Round File

    is a tool used for smoothing orenlarging holes in metal; becauseof thetapered end, they are often

    called rat - tail files.

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    Point file

    is a tool used for cleaning updamaged threads or otherfine work; it issometimes called a sawfile.

    Triangular file

    a tool used for working intight places and fine finishwork.

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    Socket Sets and TheirUses

    Ratchet Handle

    is used to drive handle socketthat fits on so that tighteningorloosening motion can belimited to a short back and

    forth motion.

    Socket.

    Is a device that snapsonto a ratchet handle sothe device can be used towork

    on hex-head bolts or nuts.

    k

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    Deep socket.

    Is a device that snaps on to aratchet handle so the device canbe used towork on hex-head bolts or nutsthat are in recessed places that

    a regular socket cannotreach.

    Extension.

    Refers to a rod that extendsfrom the socket to the handleto extend thesocket into hard-to-reachplaces.

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    Torque wrench

    is a tool used fortightening hex-head boltsand nuts to specified limits

    Speed handle

    is a tool used to drive byoperating with both hands sothat an operator canloosen or tighten nuts and

    bolts quickly.

    T bi T l d Th i UU i l j i

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    Tubing Tools and Their Uses

    Tubing cutter

    is a tool used for smoothly cuttingtubing with opposing cuttingwheels thatare slowly tightened by aratchet-like control as the cutter

    is turned around.

    Universal joint

    refers to device that fitsbetween a handle and a socket topermit thesocket to be turned to any oneof several angles and tofacilitate hard-to-reach nutsandbolts.

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    Flaring block

    is a tool used for holdingtubing according to its sizeso that it can be flared

    Flaring tool

    is a tool used for forcing a 45ocone into the end of a coppertube being held

    in a flaring block.

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    Tube reamer

    is a tool used for cleaningburrs inside the tubing thathas been cut; it isoften built into a tubing

    cutter.

    Double flare

    punch is a tool used with aflaring block to bend tubingback and force itdown and roll it into the opentubing end to make a tube

    with double thickness.

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    Swage punch

    is a tool used for enlarging theend cut tubing so that anothertube size canbe placed into the tubing and

    soldered

    Lever-type bender

    is a tool used for bending tubein such a way that the tubingwill retainits rounded shape and notflatten out at the point of the

    bend.

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    Bending spring

    is a tool used for placementover the outside of thetubing to keep thetubing from collapsing whileit is being bent.

    Other Hand Tools and Their Uses

    Wire stripper

    is a tool used for removinginsulation from electricalwires withoutdamaging the wires.

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    Hack saw

    is a tool used for cutting

    metals in installation andservice work, but notrecommended for cuttingrefrigeration tubing becausethe fittings can contaminate a

    system

    Screw starter

    is used for starting small slotor Philips head screws inhard-to-reach

    places