Search for a Northwest PassageSearch for a Northwest Passage

Rivalries Among European NationsRivalries Among European Nations

New FranceNew France

New NetherlandNew Netherland

Search for a Northwest Search for a Northwest PassagePassage

Throughout the 1500s, England, France, and the Netherlands all envied Spain’s new empire in the

Americas. They wanted their own American colonies.

All three countries sent explorers in search of a northwest passage to Asia: Waterway through or around

North America

None were successful.

1610: Henry Hudson is cast adrift on Hudson Bay as his mutinous crew sails off into the distance…his body was never found.

Rivalries Among Rivalries Among European NationsEuropean Nations

Religious differences heightened the rivalry among European nations—the

Protestant Reformation divided Europe into Catholic (Spain & France)

and Protestant (England & Netherlands).

1517: Martin Luther nails his 95 theses (complaints) to the door of the Catholic Church—setting off a theological revolution that splits apart Europe.

European Empires in the AmericasEuropean Empires in the AmericasEuropean Empires in the AmericasEuropean Empires in the Americas

What Country Colonized most of the America’s?

New FranceNew France

Unlike Spain’s American empire, New France had little gold or silver—the French profited from fishing, trapping (furs), and trading.

The French established friendly relations with the Indians and traded with them.

France claimed land from the St. Lawrence River (in eastern Canada) to the Mouth of the

Mississippi River: NEW ORLEANS, the most important trading post in N.America

New Netherlands: DutchNew Netherlands: Dutch

Founded in 1626, the colony of New Netherland is today known as New York. Its capital city, New

Amsterdam, is now known as New York City.

Main economic rival: France, over fur trade. Both sought alliances with rival Indian nations.

The fur trade rivalry increased Indian warfare against European settlers and rival tribes.

1664: New Netherland Governor Peter Stuyvesant surrenders the colony to an English naval force.

France & Dutch unlike the Spanish did not enslave the Natives Americans. Instead they:- traded with the Indians for food and fur- exchanged goods and services-taught them skills-Married Native women- Missionaries: Spread Religion

Country Explorers Colonies Economic Activities

Relationship with Indians

Spain Gold and Silver Mining

France

The Netherlands

Henry Hudson

England