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Renaissance Painter: Leonardo Da Vinci

Woman's Head Study Mona Lisa


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Self-Portrait with Bandaged Ear

Post-Impressionist Painter: Vincent Van Gogh


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Cubist Painter: Pablo Picasso

Woman with a Blue Hat Lecture (Woman Reading


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Some artists create art that makes a statement

about events or ideas that mean a lot to them. Art

can make people think about war, poverty,

racism, violence, and oppression. Portraits are

one art form that artists use to give a message

about important issues. A portrait can tell youmore than how someone looked or lived. What do

the portraits below make you think about?

Dorothea Langes photographs showed the world how people weresuffering during the Great Depression. This photograph was published in a news

story which made people aware of the hardships migrant workers suffered. As a

result, the U.S. government rushed the workers food and set up relief programs.

Portraits to Make a Statement


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Jose Clemente Orozcowas a Mexican painter. His murals

showed social struggles andviolence of mankind. He livedduring the Mexican Revolution andwas very involved in the politics ofthe time.


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Berthe Morisot painted this portrait ofher sister at her babys cradle.

What ideas do you think she wants you to

think about?

It is interesting that this sister was also a

promising painter but gave up painting to

raise a family, as was the custom at thattime. Berthe Morisot, however, rebelled

against the traditional role of women in the

late 1800s and became a successful

Impressionist painter.

Does knowing this make you look at thisportrait differently?


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Mary Cassattwas another woman who,

against the traditions of hertimes, became a successful

Impressionist painter. She

was most famous for her

ability to create portraits that

showed the everyday lives

and tasks of womentopicsthat had never before been

thought of as worthy of great

art.
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1. Think about how artists use color to show meaning in theirart works. What color symbols could you use or invent to tellpeople about yourself? Draw a self portrait and include severalcolors that symbolize something about you!

Here is Carmine Chameleon's selfportrait. Carmine colored himself red

because he loves the color carmine red.He shows lots of green grass becausespring is his favorite time of the year.

The rainbow in the backgroundsymbolizes all of the colors Carmine can

be.

2. Some artists tell people abouttheir symbols. Other artists keepthem a secret and let people guessabout the meaning of their art.


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Some artists make portraits that do

not show what the subject looked

like physically. Portraits can be

abstract and may have symbolsthat tell you about the person.

One such artist who created

abstract, symbolic portraits was

Giuseppe Arcimboldo.

He painted many portraits about

ideas such as the seasons, fire,

air, and the earth, using everyday

objects to show the parts of theface.


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Now create a portrait that makes a statement about an idea that is important to

you.

Brainstorm a list of ideas that you could communicate with a portrait.

Many artists have used their art to make people think about war, poverty,

racism, violence, and oppression. Other artists, like Morisot and Cassatt, used

portraits to show and celebrate motherhood.

You may want to focus on a personal experience. Think about what you want

your artwork to do. Do you want people to become aware of a problem? Do you

want to urge people to act in a certain way?

Will people need to have more information about your idea than they get just by

looking at your artwork? You can include a descriptive title or even write a short

paragraph about your art work.


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Technique Demonstration:

Face Proportions (Front View)

Many artists want to make realistic portraits that show how someone looks. To do

this, you have to learn about face proportion. Are you ready? Well start with a

front view.

1. HEAD. Draw a large headshape on your paper.


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2. EYES. Eyes are halfway down the face. So useyour ruler to divide your head in half with ahorizontal line. Draw lightly (you may want toerase it later).

This will look a little alien until you add eyebrows and hair. Butdon't draw the eyes too high!


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If you look at someone face on,they will have room for five eyesacross the front of their face! Youcan divide the horizontal line intofive equal spaces to figure out howbig to make the eyes.

Now draw the eye shapesyou can

draw five to start with to help you

remember the size and spacing.


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3. NOSE. The size of the nose depends on theperson. The bottom of the nose is often as wide asthe inside corners of the eyes. So you can draw twolines down from the inside corners of the eyes.

Usually, the bottom of the nose is halfway betweenthe eye line and the bottom of the chin.

Now you have a "nosebox"draw the nose!


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4. MOUTH. Draw another line half way between the nose and the chin.

Mouths are right above this line. Thewidth of the mouth depends on thepersons expression. But the corners ofa relaxed mouth line up with themiddle of the eye. Draw two verticallines down from the pupils of the eye.

Now draw the mouth!


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5. EARS. Ears are bigger thanmany people think! They stretchfrom the eyes to below the nose.

Use the horizontal line you firstdrew for the eyes to line up thetop of the ears. They will endbetween the bottom of the noseand the mouth.


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6. EYEBROWS. Eyebrows tell a lot abouta persons mood. They come in alldifferent sizes and shapes (and somepeople pluck them out!) A gentle arch over

the eyes should do for a relaxed face.


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7. NECK. Most people draw theneck too thin. A head weighs eightpounds so necks are big andstrong! Start at the ears and gentlycurve in then out again.


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8. SHOULDERS. If you have room on your paper you can draw shouldersor part of the shoulders. We actually have room for three heads on ourshoulders!Make the shoulders wide enough so you could fit another head on each

shoulder.


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9. HAIR. Last but not least, HAIR! You could stop now if yoursubject has no hair. But if he or she does, remember where thehairline is.


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What's Wrong with

these Portraits?


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What's Wrong with these

Portraits?

Mouth is too low Hairline too high

Nose is shaped

incorrectly

Head is round,

not egg-shaped

Eyes too high,

so chin too big

Eyes too small

Ears too big

Nose is too small


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Using colored pencils, lightly shade in the color of the

person's

skin. (IMPORTANT: Use the side of the pencil, not the

sharp tip, for shading.)

Using the same color, press harder and shade darker

where there

are shadows in the face. Mostly these are beneath the

eyebrows, nose,

and cheekbones. Try to keep the blending from light to

dark very

smooth.

Begin coloring hair and clothing the same way you

colored the

face, shading with the side of your pencils.

Check your coloring by looking at the whole face. If

anything

looks like it's flat, it may be because the shadowsaren't dark enough,

or the blending isn't smooth.

Add detail with the colored pencils. Eyebrows,

eyelashes, and the

color of the eyes are good details to draw with the tip

of the pencil.


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Coloring Your Portrait

Here are some ideas for adding color to your portrait. After you

have drawn a portrait, you may want to add color. There are manydifferent ways to finish your portrait. Here are just a few:

Heres what to do:

Use your watercolors to paint washes of color over

the larger areas of your portrait (the hair, skin,

background). Let your paint dry before going on.

Now add details, patterns and textures with any

medium you want. You could use thread, wool,

beads, leaves, etc.

Dry thoroughly and then press under some heavy

books to flatten.


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