sec 3 f&n: proteins (part 2: diet and health)
DESCRIPTION
This set of lecture slides is a customised teaching and learning resource for students of Woodlands Ring Secondary School (Singapore) to enhance their current reading materials. I am sharing this resource online so that Nutrition and Food Science (NFS) teachers in Singapore and other teaching professionals may adapt this for their own use. :)TRANSCRIPT
TeoSN/2014
1. Define the term malnutrition.
2. Explain the link between inadequate/ excessive intake of protein and common health problems.
3. State the recommended daily intake of protein.
Lesson ObjectivesProteins: Diet and Health
1
What is malnutrition
TeoSN/2014
Malnutrition occurs when there
is insufficient or excessive
intake of energy and nutrients
in our diet.
2
How does insufficient protein intake affect health
TeoSN/2014
Are you able to identify the effects of
insufficient protein based on the
functions of proteins?
Put on your
thinking
cap...
Growth, repair and maintenance of body cells
Formation of enzymes Maintain a healthy immune system As an energy reserve
3
TeoSN/2014
Internal organs become weak
Wounds will not be able to heal properly
Immune system may weaken
What happens when there is severe lack of proteins in the
diet?
How does insufficient protein intake affect health
4
TeoSN/2014
Severe lack of proteins in the diet can lead to
protein deficiency called:
PEMPEMProtein-energy malnutrition
5
TeoSN/2014
PEMPEMProtein-energy malnutrition
Kwashiorkor
6
Marasmus
Occurs especially in children between 18 months old and 2 years old
TeoSN/2014
PEMPEMProtein-energy malnutrition
Kwashiorkor
7
Symptoms:
Loss of hair colour
Thinning of hair
Patchy and scaly skin
Muscle wasting
Bloated stomach and edemaTeoSN/2014
PEMPEMProtein-energy malnutrition
Kwashiorkor
8
Affects children between 6 and 8 months old
TeoSN/2014
PEMPEMProtein-energy malnutrition
Marasmus
9
Symptoms:
‘Skin and bone’ appearance (little fat and muscle)
Loss of muscle mass
Weakening of heart muscles
Retarded brain growth
AnaemiaTeoSN/2014
PEMPEMProtein-energy malnutrition
Marasmus
10
TeoSN/2014
How does excessive protein intake affect health
Puts more stress on the organs
Liver and kidneys are responsible for getting rid of excess proteins in our body
1
11
TeoSN/2014
Increased risk of diseases such as:
Obesity
Cardiovascular diseases
High blood pressure
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
How does excessive protein intake affect health
WHY?WHY?*Hint hint*What are the sources of
protein?
Protein foods from animal sources are usually high in
saturated fats and cholesterol.
2
12
So… How much protein should we take in a day
TeoSN/2014 13
TeoSN/2014
• 0.8 g of proteins per kg of body weight
Recommended daily intake of protein
• 3 servings of meat and alternatives, including ½ serving of dairy or other high calcium products.
for a healthy person
14
TeoSN/2014
MEAT & ALTERNATIVESEat 2 – 3 servings daily
1 palm-sized piece meat, fish or poultry (90g)
5 medium prawns (90g)
3 eggs (150g)+
2 glasses++ milk (500ml)
2 slices cheese (40g)
2 small blocks soft beancurd (170g)
3/4 cup cooked pulses (peas, beans, lentils) (120g)
+ While 3 eggs are equivalent in protein content to the other items listed under the meat and alternatives group, egg yolks are high in cholesterol. Thus, eat no more than 4 egg yolks per week.
++ 1 glass = 250ml15
TeoSN/2014
What about the protein requirements of pregnant and lactating women, as
well as growing children?
What can you recall about the functions of proteins?
16
TeoSN/2014
Let’s Recap!Definition of malnutrition
Explain link between inadequate intake of protein and common health problems:
Kwashiorkor and Marasmus
Explain link between excessive intake of protein and common health problems:
Obesity, Cardiovascular diseases, High blood pressure, Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Recommended daily intake of protein17