SECTION 1 INTRODUCTIONCHAPTER1Introduction to Concepts of Pathology 1CATHERINEC. GOODMAN

Pathogenesis of Disease, 1Concepts of Health, IIIness, and Disability, 1Theories of Health and IIIness, 7Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, 9Genetic Aspects of Disease, 11

CHAPTER2Behavioral, Social, and Environmental FactorsContributing to Disease and Dysfunction 17SUSANA. SCHERER.IRAGORMAN .CATHERINEC.GOODMAN

Overview, 17Clinical Models of Health, 18Variations in Client Populations, 19Lifestyle Factors That Intluence Health, 26Behavioral Intluences on Health, 44Environmental Barriers to Health Care, 52

CHAPTER3The Psychosocial-Spirituallmpact on HealthCare 54BONNIE YOST .CATHERINEC. GOODMAN

Psychologic Considerations in Health Care, 54Terminology, 57Effects of Trauma on Brain Development, 58Brain Function: A Review of Organization and Healing

Potential, 63Spiritual Development in the Health Care Profession, 71Special Role of the Physical Therapist, 73Specific Psychologic Conditions, 74Chronic Pain Disorders, 105Mood Disorders, 109Suicide, 118

CHAPTER4Environmental and OccupationalMedicine 121CATHERINEc. GOODMAN

Introduction, 121Environmental Medicine, 122Occupational Injuries and Diseases, 138

CHAPTER5Problems AHecting Multiple Systems 150CELESTEPETERSON .CATHERINEC. GOODMAN

Systemic Effects of Pathology, 150Adverse Drug Reactions, 152Specific Drug Categories, 156Radiation Injuries, 166Chemotherapy, 173

Specific Disorders Affecting Multiple Systems, 179Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances, 182Acid-Base Imbalances, 192

CHAPTER6Iniury, Inflammation, and Healing 197CATHERINEc. GOODMAN

STEVENH. TEPPER.D. MICHAELMCKEOUGH(FIRSTAND SECONDEDITIONS)

Cellular Aging, 197Cell Injury, 198Tissue Healing, 208Phases of Healing, 215Specific Tissue or Organ Repair, 230

SECTION 2 CLlNICALMEDICINECHAPTER7The Immune System 241ZOHER F. KAPASI .CATHERINEC. GOODMAN

Typesof Immunity, 241The Immune Response, 242Aging and the Immune System, 250Factors Affecting Immunity, 251Interactions Between the Immune and Central Nervous

Systems, 252Exercise Immunology, 253Immunodeficiency Diseases, 255Hypersensitivity Disorders, 277Autoimmune Diseases, 280Isoimmune Disease, 296

CHAPTER8Infectious Disease 298CATHERINEc. GOODMAN .CELESTEPETERSON

Signs and Symptoms of Infectious Diseases, 299Aging and Infectious Diseases, 301Infectious Diseases, 301Specific Infectious Diseases, 315Viral Infections, 326Miscellaneous Infectious Diseases, 339

CHAPTER9Oncology 348CATHERINEc. GOODMAN

Definitions, 348Classifications of Neoplasm, 349Incidence, 351Etiology, 352Risk Factors, 353Pathogenesis, 357Invasion and Metastases, 359Clinical Manifestations, 363Medical Management of Cancer, 368Cancer, Physical Activity, and Exercise Training, 385Childhood Cancer, 390

xvii

CHAPTER10

The Integumentary System 392HARRlffi B. LOEHNE . CATHERINE C. GOODMAN

Skin Lesions, 392Signs and Symptoms of Skin Disease, 392Aging and the Integumentary System, 396Common Skin Disorders, 398Skin Infections, 402Skin Cancer, 410Skin Disorders Associated With Immune

Dysfunction, 421Thermal Injuries, 433Miscellaneous Integumentary Disorders, 442

CHAPTER11

The Endocrine and Metabolic Systems 453CATHERINE c. GOODMAN

Endocrine System, 453Specific Endocrine Disorders, 461Metabolic System, 515Specific Metabolic Disorders, 517

CHAPTER12

The Cardiovascular System 519CATHERINE c. GOODMAN · IRINA V. SMIRNOVA

Signs and Symptoms of Cardiovascular Disease, 519Aging and the Cardiovascular System, 524Gender Differences and the Cardiovascular

System, 525Diseases Affecting the Hean Muscle, 528Disease Affecting the Cardiac Nervous System, 588Diseases Affecting the Hean Valves, 594Diseases Affecting the Pericardium, 605Diseases Affecting the Blood Vessels, 607Other Cardiac Considerations, 637

CHAPTER13The Lymphatic System 642BONNIE B. LASINSKI

Anatomy and Physiology, 642Inflammation and Infection in the Lymphatic

System, 647

CHAPTER14

The Hematologic System 678CELESTE PETERSON . CATHERINE C. GOODMAN

Signs and Symptoms of Hematologic Disorders, 678Aging and the Hematopoietic System, 681BIood Transfusions, 681Disorders of Iron Absorption, 684Disorders of Erythrocytes, 685Disorders of Leukocytes, 690Neoplastic Diseases of the BIood and Lymph

Systems, 693Disorders of Hemostasis, 716

CHAPTER15The Respiratory System 742BETHIKEDA · CATHERINEC.GOODMAN

Overview, 742Aging and the Pulmonary System, 746Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, 749Obstructive Diseases, 759Environmental and Occupational Diseases, 783Near Drowning, 787

Congenital Disorders, 788Parenchymal Disorders, 799Disorders of the Pulmonary Vasculature, 816Disorders of the Pleural Space, 822

CHAPTER16The Gastrointestinal System 828CATHERINEc. GOODMAN

Signs and Symptoms of Gastrointestinal Disease, 828Aging and the Gastrointestinal System, 832The Esophagus, 833The Stomach, 841The Intestines, 848The Appendix, 875The Peritoneum, 878The Rectum, 879

CHAPTER17The Hepatic, Pancreatic, and BiliarySystems 881CATHERINEc. GOODMAN .CElESTE PETERSON

Signs and Symptoms of Hepatic Disease, 881Aging and the Hepatic System, 883Healing in the Hepatic System, 883Liver, 884Pan creas, 912Biliary, 918

CHAPTER18The Renal and Urologic Systems 927CATHERINEc. GOODMAN .CELESTEPETERSON

Aging and the Renal and Urologic Systems, 927Infections, 928Renal Disorders, 932Disorders of the BIadder and Urethra, 950

CHAPTER19

The Male Genital/Reproductive System 964CATHERINEc. GOODMAN

Aging and the Male Reproductive System, 964Disorders of the Prostate, 964Disorders of the Testes, 978

CHAPTER20The Female Genital/ReproductiveSystem 986CATHERINEc. GOODMAN

Aging and the Female ReproductiveSystem, 986Exercise and the Reproductive System, 994Sexual Dysfunction, 994Disorders of the Uterus and Fallopian Tubes, 995Disorders of the Ovaries, 1005Pelvic Floor Disorders, 1010Breast Disease, 1015

CHAPTER21Transplantation 1037CHRISl. WElLS.CATHERINEC.GOODMAN

Incidence, 1037Types ofTransplantation, 1037Organ Procurement and Allocation, 1039Advances and Research in Transplantation, 1045Biopsychosocial Implications, 1048Posttransplant Complications, 1051

Organ Transplantation and Exercise, Activity, andSpons, 1056

Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, 1059Organ Transplantation, 1066

SECTION3 PATHOLOGYOFTHEMUSCULOSKELETALSYSTEM

CHAPTER22

Introduction to Pathology of theMuseuloskeletal System 1099CATHERINEc. GOODMAN

Advances in Musculoskeletal Biotechnology, 1100Biologic Response to Trauma, 1100Aging and the Musculoskeletal System, 1101The Musculoskeletal System and Exercise, 1104Musculoskeletal System Disease, 1106

CHAPTER23

Genetie and Developmental Disorders 1108ALlAN GLANZMAN

Down Syndrome, 1108Scoliosis, 1111Kyphoscoliosis, 1116Spina Bifida Occulta, Meningocele,

Myelomeningocele, 1116Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip, 1126Neuromuscular Disorders, 1130Torticollis, 1145Erb's Palsy, 1147Osteogenesis Imperfecta, 1150Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita, 1154

CHAPTER24Metabolie Disorders 1157CATHERINEc. GOODMAN

Osteoporosis, 1157Osteomalacia, 1173Paget's Disease, 1176

CHAPTER25Infectious Diseases of the MuseuloskeletalSystem 1182CATHERINE c. GOODMAN

Osteomyelitis, 1182Infections of Prostheses and Implants, 1187Diskitis, 1191Infectious (Septic) Arthritis, 1192Infectious (Inflammatory) Muscle Disease, 1195Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis, 1197Summary of Special Implications for the Therapist, 1200

CHAPTER26

Museuloskeletal Neoplasms 1201CATHERINEc. GOODMAN

Primary Tumors, 1201Primary Benign Bone Tumors, 1209Primary Malignant Bone Tumors, 1212Multiple Myeloma, 1222Primary Soft Tissue Tumors, 1223Metastatic Tumors, 1229

CONTENTS

CHAPTER27Soft Tissue, Joint, and Bone Disorders 1235CATHERINEc. GOODMAN

Soft Tissue, 1235Joint, 1250Bone, 1294

SECTION4 PATHOLOGYOFTHENERVOUSSYSTEM

CHAPTER28Introduction to Central Nervous SystemDisorders 1319KENDAS. FULLER

Overview, 1319Pathogenesis, 1319Clinical Manifestations, 1326Diagnosis, 1344Treatment, 1346Prognosis, 1348

CHAPTER29Infectious Disorders of the Central NervousSystem 1352KENDAS. FULLER

Overview, 1352Meningitis, 1352Encephalitis, 1356Brain Abscess, 1361Prion Disease, 1362

CHAPTER30

Central Nervous System Neoplasms 1365SHARONM. KONECNE

Introduction, 1365Primary Brain Tumors, 1367Specific Primary Brain Tumors, 1369Primary Intraspinal Tumors, 1393Metastatic Tumors, 1396Paraneoplastic Syndromes, 1399Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis, 1400Pediatric Tumors, 1400

CHAPTER31Degenerative Diseases of the Central NervousSystem 1402KENDAS. FULLER.PATRIClA A. WINKLER

JOHN R.CORBOY(SECONDEDITION)

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, 1402Alzheimer's Disease, Alzheimer's Dementia, and

Variants, 1411Dystonia, 1419Huntington's Disease, 1422Multiple Sclerosis, 1425Parkinsonism and Parkinson's Disease, 1437

CHAPTER32Stroke 1449KENDAS. FULLER

Stroke, 1449Vascular Disorders of the Spinal Cord, 1471

CONTENTS

CHAPTER33Traumatic Brain Iniury 1477KENDAS. FUlLER

Traumatic Brain Injury, 1477Traumatic Brain Injury in Children, 1493

CHAPTER34Traumatic Spinal Cord Iniury 1496KENDA S. FULLER

Spinal Cord Injury, 1496

CHAPTER35Cerebral Palsy 1517AlLAN GLANZMAN

Cerebral Palsy, 1517

CHAPTER36Epilepsy 1532KENDA S. FUllER

Epilepsy, 1532

CHAPTER37Headache 1547KENDA S. FUllER

Overview, 1547Primary Headaches, 1548Secondary Headaches, 1561

CHAPTER38Vestibular Disorders 1566KENDAS. FUlLER

Vestibular Disorders, 1566

CHAPTER39The Peripheral Nervous System 1595MARCIA B. SMITH

Structure, 1595Peripheral Nervous System Changes With Aging, 1595Response to Injury, 1597Classification of Nerve Injury, 1597Classification of Neuropathy, 1599Signs and Symptoms of Peripheral Dysfunction, 1599Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of Peripheral

Dysfunction, 1601

Hereditary Neuropathies, 1601Mechanical Injuries: Compression and Entrapment

Syndromes, 1604Metabolic Neuropathies, 1617InfectionsjInflammations, 1621Cancer-Induced, 1628Toxins, 1629Motor Endplate Disorders, 1631Botulism, 1633Abnormal Response in Peripheral Nerves, 1634

CHAPTER40Laboratory Testsand Values 1637GlENN lo IRION · CATHERINEC. GOODMAN

Laboratory Tests, 1637Basic Metabolic Panel, 1639Comprehensive Metabolic Panel, 1644Complete Blood Count, 1646Blood Tests, 1648Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, 1651Hemostasis, 1652Cardiovascular Lab Tests, 1654Serum Hormones, 1660Immunologic, 1661Urinalysis, 1662Drug Screening, 1663Microbiologic Studies, 1663Pulmonary Function Tests, 1664Fluid Analysis, 1666

Appendix A: Summary of StandardPrecautions 1669

Historical Perspective, 1669Universal Precautions, 1669Standard Precautions, 1670Sources of Potential Exposure for the Therapist, 1671

Appendix B: Guidelines for Activity andExercise 1674

Medications and Exercise, 1674Guidelines for Monitoring Vital Signs, 1674Guidelines for Aquatic Physical Therapy, 1681

Index 1685