Section 1:Returning to Normalcy Section 2:Republicans in Power Section 3:The Business of America is Business Section 4:The U.S. Economy CHAPTER 12 The 1920s: An Unsettled Decade SECTION 1 Returning to Normalcy Question: How did the Red Scare affect American society? Sacco and Vanzetti Trial 1919 Bombings Immigration of Radicals 1919 Strikes & Riots SECTION 1 Returning to Normalcy RED SCARE Palmer raids on suspected radical organizations took place in more than 30 cities; about 6,000 people were arrested; hundreds of immigrants were deported; civil rights were violated. Many European immigrants were stereotyped as revolutionaries; U.S. leaders feared for the American way of life; Americans grew fearful of Reds and foreigners. Russia had gone through a similar phase of strikes, which led to a revolution; newspapers reported that strikes were the work of communist groups. Xenophobia affected this trial. The verdict led to protests by thousands of Americans and the ACLU. SECTION 2 Republicans in Power Question: What events illustrate the foreign policy that the United States followed during the 1920s? SECTION 2 Republicans in Power Key Foreign Policy Events Washington Conference: led to the Five-Power Naval Treaty, led to treaties respecting the rights of major powers in the Pacific, favored the Open Door Policy Five-Power Naval Treaty: limited the size of participants navies Kellogg-Briand Pact: hoped to prevent warfare SECTION 3 Question: How did the automobile affect the economy and peoples everyday lives? The Business of America is Business SECTION 3 The Business of America is Business Landscape Car-Related Industries Daily LifeAuto Industry Suburbs and new communities developed; auto- industry towns boomed; manu- facturers moved to city outskirts. They employed millions of work- ers; oil and gas use doubled; advertiser built billboards; factories were less dependent on railroads; insurance industry grew; motels appeared. Families took driving vacations; Americans created auto clubs and magazines. They supplied the public with inexpensive transportation; employed hundreds of thousands of workers. Automobiles SECTION 4 The U.S. Economy Question: What characteristics did sick industries have in common in the 1920s? SECTION 4 The U.S. Economy Coal IndustryLumber IndustryTextile Industry Hydroelectric power, natural gas, and oil were replacing coal as a source of energy. Overproduction of cotton and new synthetic fabrics hurt the textile industry. Materials such as concrete replaced wood in many buildings. Chapter Wrap-Up CHAPTER In what ways did the Red Scare affect the civil rights of many Americans? 2. Which groups benefited most and least from the prosperity of the 1920s? 3. How did the development of the assembly line and mass production change Americans working lives? 1. In what ways did the Red Scare affect the civil rights of many Americans? 2. Which groups benefited most and least from the prosperity of the 1920s? 3. How did the development of the assembly line and mass production change Americans working lives?