section 2.1. earth facts average distance from the sun: 149,597,890 km travels through space at...
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Earth FactsAverage Distance from the Sun: 149,597,890 kmTravels through space at 107,229 km/hThe earth isn't perfectly round, it is slightly
fattened at the north and south poles.Scientists have the dated the Earth as being
between 4 and 5 billion years old!Earth is mostly iron, oxygen and silicon70% of the Earth's surface is covered in waterThe Earth's atmosphere extends out to 10,000
km
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The AtmosphereLayers of gases that surround
EarthMade up of 78% nitrogen, 21%
oxygen and <1% argon, water vapour, carbon dioxide and other gases
Acts like a blanket and moderates surface temperatures.
Blocks solar radiation (UV light)Made up of the troposphere,
stratosphere and mesosphere.
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The LithosphereEarth’s outer layer, the
rocky shell of EarthThe mountains, ocean
floors and rest of Earth’s solid landscape.
Ranges from 50 to 150 km in thickness
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The HydrosphereMade up of all the water on Earth:
Solid - glaciersLiquid – lakes, oceans, etc and groundwaterGas – clouds, water vapour
97% of Earth’s water is contained in the oceans.
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The BiosphereThe zone around Earth where life can exist
Most can be found on land and in water Some micro-organisms can live several kms
below the earth’s surfaceCan have artificial biospheres