section 3-1 (part 2) inner planets. objectives define period of rotation define period of revolution...
TRANSCRIPT
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Section 3-1 (Part 2)
Inner Planets
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Objectives
• Define period of rotation
• Define period of revolution
• Identify the characteristics of Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars
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Period of Rotation
• The time it takes for a celestial body to spin or rotate once
• Earth’s period of rotation is 24 hours or 1 day.
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Period of Revolution
• Time it takes for a celestial body to revolve around the Sun once
• Earth’s period of revolution is 365.242 days
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Mercury
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Mercury• Closest planet to the Sun
– 3.2 light-minutes from the Sun
• Doesn’t have an atmosphere like Earth does
• Period of rotation = about 59 days– 1 day on Mercury is equal
to 59 days on Earth
• Period of revolution = 88 days
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Mercury
• Gravity on Mercury is only 38% of the Earth’s gravity
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Size of Mercury vs. Size of Earth
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Venus
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Venus: Earth’s Twin?• Second-closest planet
to the Sun– 6 light-minutes from
Sun
• Has the hottest surface temperature of any planet.
• Why doesn’t Mercury have the hottest surface?
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Venus
• Venus has an atmosphere that is even thicker than Earth’s– Made up mostly of
carbon dioxide– Atmosphere keeps
the heat in (traps heat)
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Venus• Period of Rotation =
243 days BUT it spins in opposite direction– Earth spins
Counterclockwise (Prograde rotation)
– Venus spins clockwise (Retrograde rotation)
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Venus
• Gravity is 91% of Earth’s gravity
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Size of Venus vs. Size of Earth
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Earth
• Why is Earth able to support life, but Venus and Mars are not?
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Earth• The Earth is at just
the right distance from the Sun– Any closer and our
oceans would boil away
– Any further and oceans would be all ice
• Water is the key to life
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Earth
• 3rd planet from the Sun– 8.3 light-minutes
from Sun
• Period of rotation = 24 hours (1 day)
• Period of revolution = 365.242 days
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Mars
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Mars• 4th planet from the
Sun– 12.7 light-minutes from
Sun
• Because of thin atmosphere and distance from Sun, Mars is very cold
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Mars
• Period of rotation = about 25 hours– Very similar to
Earth’s
• Period of revolution = about 2 years
• Gravity is 38% of Earth’s gravity
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Mars• Mars is the
most studied planet, other than Earth
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Rover studying a rock on Mars
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Water on Mars?
• Atmosphere is too thin– Not enough pressure
to keep water in liquid form
– Any water would evaporate
• Mars has ice, though.
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Mountains on Mars
• Olympus Mons: largest mountain/volcano in the entire Solar System
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Mercury,Venus,Earth,Mars
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What is common between Mercury, Venus, Earth and
Mars?
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Terrestrial Planets
• Similar to Earth– Small, dense and
made of rock
• Also called Inner Planets
• Include Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars
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