Section 3: Slavery Dominates PoliticsSection 3: Slavery Dominates PoliticsSection 4: LincolnSection 4: Lincoln’’s Election and Southern s Election and Southern

SecessionSecession

There used to be a political party There used to be a political party called called ““The WhigsThe Whigs””

After the Kansas – After the Kansas – Nebraska Act, the Nebraska Act, the Northern and Northern and Southern Whigs Southern Whigs couldncouldn’’t compromise t compromise and split into 2 and split into 2 groups.groups.

Some joined the Some joined the Democrats. Democrats.

Others started their Others started their own political party – own political party – called the called the Republicans Republicans

Another of those problems that helped Another of those problems that helped cause the Civil War was what to do cause the Civil War was what to do

with…with… Dred ScottDred Scott

The The Dred Scott Dred Scott DecisionDecision(A famous court case – 1847)(A famous court case – 1847)

His case was based on the fact that Dred His case was based on the fact that Dred Scott – a slave - and his wife Harriet had Scott – a slave - and his wife Harriet had once lived, while slaves, in states and once lived, while slaves, in states and territories where slavery was illegal, territories where slavery was illegal, including Illinois and parts of the Louisiana including Illinois and parts of the Louisiana Purchase. Purchase.

The court ruled 7 to 2 against Scott, stating The court ruled 7 to 2 against Scott, stating that slaves were property, and the court that slaves were property, and the court could not deprive people of their property could not deprive people of their property without due process of law according to the without due process of law according to the Fifth Amendment. Fifth Amendment.

There was also a series of political There was also a series of political debates between debates between Stephen A. Stephen A.

DouglasDouglas…… And Abraham Lincoln.And Abraham Lincoln. Both were running for Both were running for

a state Senator a state Senator position in Illinois.position in Illinois.

Even though he lost, iEven though he lost, itt ’’s the first time the s the first time the country began to hear country began to hear LincolnLincoln’’s ideas and s ideas and views about slavery.views about slavery.

The last of those 4 The last of those 4 ““sparkssparks”” to to ignite the Civil Warignite the Civil War

John BrownJohn Brown’’s Raids Raid

One of the first white abolitionists to One of the first white abolitionists to advocate, and to practice, guerrilla advocate, and to practice, guerrilla warfare as a means to the abolition of warfare as a means to the abolition of slavery. slavery.

Brown's most famous deed was the Brown's most famous deed was the raid he led on the federal armory at raid he led on the federal armory at Harpers Ferry, Virginia.Harpers Ferry, Virginia.

Brown had been considering an Brown had been considering an invasion of the South, and began to invasion of the South, and began to collect arms and men for that purpose collect arms and men for that purpose in 1857. in 1857.

His idea seems to have been to raid His idea seems to have been to raid the United States arsenal at Harpers the United States arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia), Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia), and then encourage slaves to rebel and then encourage slaves to rebel

John Brown was caught, tried, and John Brown was caught, tried, and hanged. Hehanged. He’’s seen as a martyr in the s seen as a martyr in the anti-slavery movement.anti-slavery movement.

In this famous painting heIn this famous painting he’’s s even shown as a even shown as a ““MosesMoses”” type type

leaderleader

In In the election for president the election for president (1860):(1860):

Candidates: Lincoln Candidates: Lincoln and Stephen Douglas and Stephen Douglas competed for votes in competed for votes in the North.the North.

John Breckenridge and John Breckenridge and John Bell competed for John Bell competed for votes in the South.votes in the South.

(You know who (You know who won)won)

The South had said all along that if Lincoln The South had said all along that if Lincoln won, they would won, they would secedesecede from the from the Union Union

(north)(north)

South Carolina was South Carolina was first, followed by first, followed by Mississippi, Florida, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas.Louisiana, and Texas.

These states formed These states formed the the ConfederateConfederate (southern) States of (southern) States of America and chose America and chose Jefferson Davis Jefferson Davis as as their presidenttheir president

Quit and leaveQuit and leave

The North had to do The North had to do somethingsomething

There was an attempt There was an attempt at compromise – at compromise – which didnwhich didn’’t work.t work.

It was clear the South It was clear the South had no intention to had no intention to either abolish slavery, either abolish slavery, or rejoin the Union.or rejoin the Union.

Lincoln didnLincoln didn’’t want to t want to invade the South – invade the South – and tried to appeal to and tried to appeal to them to change their them to change their minds.minds.